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Ramaco Resources, Inc.

For the period ended Sep 30, 2025. Filed Oct 28, 2025.

View on SEC.gov

About this filing

A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.

Sep 30, 2025 · Filed Oct 28, 2025

METC$6.24+0.6%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026

What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?

Read the current filing

Previous report: 10-Q

Period ended 2025-06-30; filed 2025-08-01.

0001558370-25-009974

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Current report: 10-Q

Period ended 2025-09-30; filed 2025-10-28.

0001213900-25-102891

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.

Compared 64 previous paragraphs and 80 current paragraphs.

25 unchanged; 33 reworded; 21 added; 3 removed; 3 previous and 1 current paragraphs rearranged.

Tables are not compared: 17 previous and 24 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.

A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.

Added paragraphs (21)

Current report

Our reportable segments, which are primarily based on the Company’s internal organizational structure and types of controlled mineral deposits, are its two operating segments—Metallurgical Coal and Rare Earths and Critical Minerals. Where applicable, prior period amounts have been recast to conform to this segment reporting structure, which was modified during the third quarter of 2025.

Current report

Earlier in 2025, President Trump issued an emergency declaration which prioritizes domestic critical mineral production as a matter of national security and economic resilience. As a result, the Company has been actively engaged in strategic discussions involving senior officials across the Department of Energy, Department of Interior, Department of War, the Federal Permitting Improvement Steering Council, the President’s National Energy Dominance Council, and the National Security Council in response to the shared urgency to reduce reliance on foreign sources of critical mineral production and processing. The Company was requested by various arms of the Administration to consider both the expansion and acceleration of the Brook Mine project. In September 2025, the Company expanded its internal production projections from the preliminary economic assessment and released a Technical Report Summary, prepared by Weir International, Inc., reflecting enhanced project economics and resource efficiency stemming from higher grade resource quality than previously known at the time of the preliminary economic assessment.

Current report

In August 2025, concurrent with the rapid evolution of the Brook Mine project, the Company successfully raised gross proceeds of $200 million through an underwritten public offering of its Class A common stock, before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other estimated offering expenses payable by the Company. This additional capital provides a significant funding source towards the development of our rare earth elements and critical minerals platform at the Brook Mine.

Current report

We have also made notable additions to our executive management team in 2025 to lead in the development of the Rare Earths and Critical Minerals segment as we continue to refine mineral recovery, extraction methodology, and processing capacity assumptions within the mine plan. To assist in the continued development of the project, the Company has officially retained Hatch Ltd. to lead its ongoing pre-feasibility study. Hatch was selected for its technical expertise in rare earth element processing and will oversee test work, laboratory/pilot plant design, and process optimization. This pre-feasibility study is expected to provide key information for future permitting, investment, and offtake discussions aligning with the Company’s strategy to accelerate project development. The pre-feasibility study is expected to be completed in 2026. We expect to proceed to engineering and designing the full commercial oxide plant, with a construction period to be validated and updated upon the completion of the pre-feasibility study to be followed by a subsequent two-year shakedown period for the plant to be optimized to reach full steady-state capacity.

Current report

In the first nine months of 2025, our segment capital expenditures were $2.4 million compared to $0.1 million for the corresponding time period of 2024. The increase in capital expenditures was attributable to the continued expansion of the Brook Mine project.

Current report

The activities at the Brook Mine may result in a material change to our operating results and financial condition in future periods as the project continues to develop. The future financial statement impact is largely dependent on the results of laboratory/pilot plant testing for processing rare earth element and critical mineral concentrates into oxides and subsequent achievement of commercial production. At this time, we are unable to estimate the potential financial impact to future periods.

Current report

*Cost of sales.*Our cost of coal sales for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was $101.8 million, approximately 24% lower than the same period in 2024 driven by the closure of the Jawbone mine in Q3 2024 and the idling of the Rockhouse Eagle mine in Q2 2025, in addition to reduced trucking costs at the Maben complex subsequent to commissioning in Q4 2024. See the “Metallurgical Coal Segment” section below for further discussion of year-over-year changes in cost of sales. There are no cost of sales from rare earth elements and critical minerals at this time.

Current report

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024

Current report

*Revenue.*Coal sales revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $408.6 million, approximately 18% lower than the same period in 2024 driven by the negative impact of pricing. See the “Metallurgical Coal Segment” section below for further discussion of year-over-year changes in revenue. There are no revenues from rare earth elements and critical minerals at this time.

Current report

*Cost of sales.*Our cost of coal sales totaled $346.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $397.2 million for the same period in 2024. The 13% decrease was driven by the closure of the Jawbone mine in Q3 2024 and the idling of the Rockhouse Eagle mine in Q2 2025, in addition to reduced trucking costs at the Maben complex subsequent to commissioning in Q4 2024. See the “Metallurgical Coal Segment” section below for further discussion of year-over-year changes in cost of sales. There are no cost of sales from rare earth elements and critical minerals at this time.

Current report

Segment adjusted EBITDA. Segment adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was $15.9 million, approximately 41% lower than the same period in 2024 driven by the revenue and cost of sales items discussed above.

Current report

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024

Current report

Segment adjusted EBITDA. Segment adjusted EBITDA for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $51.4 million, approximately 40% lower than the same period in 2024 driven by the revenue and cost of sales items discussed above.

Current report

As of September 30, 2025, the Company has not recorded any revenues or cost of sales from the Rare Earths and Critical Minerals segment. Segment Adjusted EBITDA is shown below:

Current report

Segment adjusted EBITDA. Segment adjusted EBITDA for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 decreased by approximately $2.4 million and $8.8 million, respectively, compared to the same period in 2024 primarily driven by increased labor and professional service costs to develop the Brook Mine rare earth elements and critical minerals project in 2025.
Removed paragraphs (3)

Previous report

Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2024

Previous report

which contributed to the reduced trucking costs at the complex in subsequent period. A majority of total capital expenditures in 2025 are expected to have occurred in the first half of the year due to the continued carryforward of activities associated with growth commitments made in 2024.
Reworded paragraphs (33)

Previous wording

We are an operator and developer of high-quality, low-cost metallurgical coal in southern West Virginia and southwestern Virginia. Our development portfolio primarily includes the following properties: Elk Creek, Berwind, Knox Creek, and Maben. We believe each of these properties possesses geologic and logistical advantages that make our coal among the lowest delivered-cost U.S. metallurgical coal to our domestic customer base, North American blast furnace steel mills and coke plants, as well as international metallurgical coal consumers. We also control mineral deposits near Sheridan, Wyoming as part of the Company’s initiatives regarding the potential recovery of rare earth elements and critical minerals as well as the potential commercialization of coal-to-carbon-based products and materials.

Current wording

We are an operator and developer of high-quality, low-cost metallurgical coal in southern West Virginia and southwestern Virginia. Our metallurgical coal development portfolio primarily includes the following properties: Elk Creek, Berwind, Knox Creek, and Maben. We believe each of these properties possesses geologic and logistical advantages that make our coal among the lowest delivered-cost U.S. metallurgical coal to our domestic customer base, North American blast furnace steel mills and coke plants, as well as international metallurgical coal consumers. In June 2025, we initiated development of our rare earth element and critical mineral operations near Sheridan, Wyoming (the “Brook Mine”). That mine has initially begun to produce representative ore material for short-term pilot-scale testing of the feedstock with the goal of ultimately establishing its rare earth element mineral reserves and resources for processing at a full-scale commercial processing facility into rare earth element and critical mineral oxides. Contiguous to the Brook Mine, the Company operates a carbon research facility related to the production of advanced carbon products and materials from coal.

Previous wording

During the six months ended June 30, 2025, we sold 2.0 million tons of coal and recognized $287.6 million of revenue. Of this amount, 37% of our revenue was from sales into North American markets, including Canada, and 63% of our revenue was from sales into export markets. During the same period of 2024, we sold 1.8 million tons of coal and recognized $328.0 million of revenue, of which 33% was from sales into North American markets, including Canada, and 67% was from sales into export markets. Sales into export markets, which often include index-based pricing, generally have greater exposure to variability in pricing from period to period. The Company’s exports have not been

Current wording

During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we sold 2.9 million tons of coal and recognized $408.6 million of revenue. Of this amount, 38% of our revenue was from sales into North American markets, including Canada, and 62% of our revenue was from sales into export markets. During the same period of 2024, we sold 2.9 million tons of coal and recognized $495.4 million of revenue, of which 33% was from sales into North American markets, including Canada, and 67% was from sales into export markets. Sales into export markets, which often include index-based pricing, generally have greater exposure to variability in pricing from period to period. The Company’s exports have not been materially delayed or otherwise affected by recent severe weather events, dockworker labor disputes, or recently enacted U.S. tariffs.

Previous wording

As of June 30, 2025, the Company had outstanding performance obligations of approximately 1.1 million tons for contracts with fixed sales prices averaging $154 per ton, excluding freight, as well as 2.0 million tons for contracts with index-based pricing mechanisms. The Company expects to satisfy approximately 60% of these commitments in 2025 and 40% of these commitments in 2026. Refer to Note 8 of Part I, Item 1 for additional information.

Current wording

As of September 30, 2025, the Company had outstanding performance obligations of approximately 0.6 million tons for contracts with fixed sales prices averaging $164 per ton, excluding freight, as well as 1.2 million tons for contracts with index-based pricing mechanisms. The Company expects to satisfy approximately 48% of the committed tons in 2025, 48% in 2026, and 3% in 2027. Refer to Note 9 of Part I, Item 1 for additional information.

Previous wording

In the first six months of 2025, our total capital expenditures were $35.5 million, excluding capitalized interest of $0.7 million. In the first six months of 2024, our capital expenditures were $40.1 million, excluding capitalized interest of $0.6 million. The decrease in capital expenditures was due to lower spending in 2025 on the Company’s strategic growth projects, specifically at the Maben preparation plant.

Current wording

In the first nine months of 2025, our segment capital expenditures were $45.9 million, excluding capitalized interest of $0.9 million. In the first nine months of 2024, our capital expenditures were $55.8 million, excluding capitalized interest of $1.0 million. The decrease in capital expenditures was due to lower spending in 2025 on the Company’s strategic growth projects, specifically at the Maben preparation plant.

Previous wording

The Company produced 2.0 million tons during the first six months of 2025 compared to 1.7 million tons during the first six months of 2024 as a result of the increase in capacity and completed development work. The Company expects full-year production volumes in 2025 between 3.9 and 4.3 million tons with an ability to vary production dependent on market conditions.

Current wording

The Company produced 2.9 million tons during the first nine months of 2025 compared to 2.7 million tons during the first nine months of 2024 as a result of the increase in capacity and completed development work. The Company expects full-year production volumes in 2025 between 3.7 and 3.9 million tons with an ability to vary production dependent on market conditions.

Previous wording

The Company continues to move forward with its potential rare earth elements and critical minerals deposit development in Wyoming. Analyses performed to date indicate elevated levels of rare earth elements along with significant concentrations of critical minerals gallium and germanium, which were banned for export to the United States by China on December 2, 2024. The Company, in conjunction with Fluor Corporation, has completed its preliminary economic assessment that demonstrates the viability of commercial development of rare earth and critical minerals processing. The Company recently received a $6.1 million matching grant from the Wyoming Energy Authority, which will be applied toward the development of the initial laboratory/pilot plant and related facilities at the Brook Mine.

Current wording

The Company continues to make significant progress on the development of the Brook Mine rare earth elements and critical mineral project. Analyses performed to date indicate elevated levels of rare earth elements along with significant concentrations of critical minerals which were banned for export to the United States by China. In March 2025, the Company received a $6.1 million matching grant from the Wyoming Energy Authority, which shall be applied toward the development of an initial processing laboratory/pilot plant and related facilities at the Brook Mine. Construction of the laboratory/pilot plant began in Q3 2025 and is expected to be completed in mid-2026. Concurrently, in conjunction with Fluor Corporation, the Company has completed its preliminary economic assessment that demonstrates the viability of commercial development of rare earth elements and critical minerals processing. A summary of these findings was released in July 2025.

Previous wording

No revenues have been recognized from the Company’s Wyoming initiatives.

Current wording

No revenues have been recognized from the Company’s Rare Earths and Critical Minerals segment to date.

Previous wording

Net income and Adjusted EBITDA for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 were negatively impacted by the softening of global metallurgical coal markets and the decrease in metallurgical coal price indices. This occurred due to a variety of macroeconomic factors, including the continued Chinese oversupply of steel into a muted global economic environment. Refer toNon-GAAP Financial Measures later in Item 2 for more information regarding Adjusted EBITDA.

Current wording

Net income and Adjusted EBITDA for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 were negatively impacted by the softening of global metallurgical coal markets and the decrease in metallurgical coal price indices. This occurred due to a variety of macroeconomic factors, including the continued Chinese oversupply of steel into a muted global economic environment. Refer toNon-GAAP Financial Measures later in Item 2 for more information regarding Adjusted EBITDA.

Previous wording

There are no revenues from rare earth and critical minerals at this time.

Current wording

Revenue. Coal sales revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was $121.0 million, approximately 28% lower than the same period in 2024 driven by the negative impact of pricing and a 15% decrease in tons sold. See the “Metallurgical Coal Segment” section below for further discussion of year-over-year changes in revenue. There are no revenues from rare earth elements and critical minerals at this time.

Previous wording

*Depreciation, depletion, and amortization.*Depreciation, depletion, and amortization expense totaled $17.0 million and $15.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase quarter-to-quarter was related to general increases in plant and equipment and production versus 2024.

Current wording

Depreciation, depletion, and amortization. Depreciation, depletion, and amortization expense totaled $17.1 million and $17.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The decrease quarter-to-quarter was related to a $1.4 million decrease in development amortization, partially offset by general increases in plant and equipment versus 2024.

Previous wording

*Selling, general, and administrative.*Selling, general, and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses were $15.2 million and $10.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 respectively. The $4.3 million increase in 2025 was primarily due to an increase in professional service expenses.

Current wording

*Selling, general, and administrative.*Selling, general, and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses were $16.1 million and $12.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 respectively. The $3.2 million increase in 2025 was primarily due to an increase in professional service expenses.

Previous wording

*Other income (expense), net.*Other income (expense), net was $0.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025, compared to $2.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024. The $1.8 million decrease was principally due to a non-recurring transportation damage settlement in the prior year resulting in greater transportation-related income at that time.

Current wording

*Other income (expense), net.*Other income (expense), net was consistent for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024, with $0.1 million in other income and ($0.1) million in other expense, respectively.

Previous wording

*Interest expense, net.*Interest expense, net was $2.8 million for the three months ended June 30,2025 compared to $1.5 million for the same period in 2024. The increase in 2025 was largely due to issuance of the 8.375% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2029 (the “Senior Notes due 2029”) in late 2024.

Current wording

*Interest expense, net.*Interest expense, net was $2.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $1.7 million for the same period in 2024. The increase in 2025 was largely due to issuance of the 8.375% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2029 (the “2029 Notes”) in late 2024.

Previous wording

*Income tax expense (benefit).*The effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 was 12.7% and 26.3%, respectively, excluding the impact of discrete items. Discrete items for the periods included items for management compensation and stock-based compensation. The primary differences from the federal statutory rate of 21% are related to state taxes, non-deductible expenses, the foreign-derived intangible income deduction, and depletion expense for income tax purposes.

Current wording

Income tax expense (benefit). The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was 19.9% and 9.3%, respectively, excluding the impact of discrete items. Discrete items for the periods included items for management compensation and stock-based compensation. The primary differences from the federal statutory rate of 21% are related to state taxes, non-deductible expenses, the foreign-derived intangible income deduction, and depletion expense for income tax purposes.

Previous wording

*Depreciation, depletion, and amortization.*Depreciation, depletion, and amortization expense totaled $34.6 million and $31.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 respectively. The increase year-to-year was related to general increases in plant and equipment and production versus 2024.

Current wording

Depreciation, depletion, and amortization. Depreciation, depletion, and amortization expense totaled $51.7 million and $48.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 respectively. The increase year-to-year was related to general increases in plant and equipment and production versus 2024.

Previous wording

*Selling, general, and administrative.*SG&A expenses were $29.8 million and $25.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in 2025 was primarily due to an increase in professional service expenses.

Current wording

Selling, general, and administrative. SG&A expenses were $49.8 million and $37.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in 2025 was primarily due to an increase in professional service expenses.

Previous wording

*Other income (expense), net.*Other income, net was $1.2 million and $3.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The $2.0 million decrease was principally due to a non-recurring transportation damage settlement in the prior year resulting in greater transportation-related income at that time.

Current wording

Other income (expense), net. Other income, net was $1.3 million and $3.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The $1.8 million decrease was principally due to a non-recurring transportation damage settlement in the prior year resulting in greater transportation-related income at that time.

Previous wording

*Interest expense, net.*Interest expense, net was $5.0 million and $2.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in 2025 was largely due to issuance of the Senior Notes due 2029 in late 2024.

Current wording

*Interest expense, net.*Interest expense, net was $7.3 million and $4.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in 2025 was largely due to issuance of the 2029 Notes in late 2024.

Previous wording

*Income tax expense.*The effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 was 23.5% and 24.5%, respectively, excluding the impact of discrete items. Discrete items for the periods included items for management compensation and stock-based compensation. The primary differences from the federal statutory rate of 21% are related to state taxes, non-deductible expenses, the foreign-derived intangible income deduction, and depletion expense for income tax purposes.

Current wording

*Income tax expense.*The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was 22.2% and 28.0%, respectively, excluding the impact of discrete items. Discrete items for the periods included items for management compensation and stock-based compensation. The primary differences from the federal statutory rate of 21% are related to state taxes, non-deductible expenses, the foreign-derived intangible income deduction, and depletion expense for income tax purposes.

Current wording

Coal sales and Segment Adjusted EBITDA information is summarized as follows:

Previous wording

*Revenue.*Coal sales revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2025 was $153.0 million, approximately 2% lower than the same period in 2024 driven by the negative impact of pricing, offset partially by the 18% increase in tons sold. The increase in tons sold occurred in both North American and export markets, which increased by 29% and 13%, respectively, and was aided by the Company’s increased capacity for production achieved during late 2023. Revenue per ton sold decreased 16% from $170 per ton to $142 per ton while revenue per ton sold (FOB mine), a non-GAAP measure which excludes transportation revenues and demurrage, also decreased 14% from $143 per ton to $123 per ton. Refer to Non-GAAP Financial Measures later in Item 2 for more information regarding this measure. The decrease in the Company’s revenue per ton sold measures were due to the decrease in metallurgical coal prices as U.S. metallurgical coal price indices fell by an average of 20% during the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period of 2024 as a result of the macroeconomic conditions discussed earlier. We expect metallurgical coal prices to remain volatile in the near term.

Current wording

*Revenue.*Coal sales revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was $121.0 million, approximately 28% lower than the same period in 2024 driven by the negative impact of pricing and a 15% decrease in tons sold. The decrease in tons sold is attributable to export markets, which decreased by 22% primarily due to timing differences in shipments to foreign customers. Revenue per ton sold decreased 15% from $164 per ton to $139 per ton while revenue per ton sold (FOB mine), a non-GAAP measure which excludes transportation revenues and demurrage, also decreased 12% from $136 per ton to $120 per ton. Refer to Non-GAAP Financial Measures later in Item 2 for more information regarding this measure. The decrease in the Company’s revenue per ton sold measures were due to the decrease in metallurgical coal prices as U.S. metallurgical coal price indices fell by an average of 18% during the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the same period of 2024 as a result of the macroeconomic conditions discussed earlier. We expect metallurgical coal prices to remain volatile in the near term.

Previous wording

Cost of sales.Our cost of coal sales for the three months ended June 30, 2025 was $134.2 million, approximately 9% higher than the same period in 2024 driven by the 18% increase in tons sold discussed above. Cost of sales per ton sold decreased 7% from $134 per ton to $124 per ton. Cash cost per ton sold(FOB mine), a non-GAAP measure which excludes transportation costs, alternative mineral development costs, and idle mine costs, decreased 5% from $108 per ton to $103 per ton. Refer toNon-GAAP Financial Measures later in Item 2 for more information regarding this measure. Mine costs for the second quarter of 2025 benefited from efficiencies gained from increased production versus the same period in 2024.

Current wording

Cost of sales.Our cost of coal sales for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was $101.8 million, approximately 24% lower than the same period in 2024 driven by the 15% decrease in tons sold discussed above and operational efficiencies. Cost of sales per ton sold decreased 10% from $130 per ton to $117 per ton. Cash cost per ton sold(FOB mine), a non-GAAP measure which excludes transportation costs and idle mine costs, decreased 5% from $102 per ton to $97 per ton. Refer toNon-GAAP Financial Measures later in Item 2 for more information regarding this measure. Mine costs for the third quarter of 2025 benefited from efficiencies gained from increased production versus the same period in 2024.

Previous wording

*Revenue.*Coal sales revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was $287.6 million, approximately 12% lower than the same period in 2024 driven by the negative impact of pricing offset partially by the 10% increase in tons sold. The increase in tons sold occurred in both North America and export markets, which increased by 11% and 9%, respectively, and was aided by the Company’s increased capacity for production achieved during late 2023. Revenue per ton sold decreased 20% from $178 per ton to $142 per ton while revenue per ton sold (FOB mine), a non-GAAP measure which excludes transportation revenues and demurrage, also decreased 17% from $149 per ton to $123 per ton. The decrease in the Company’s revenue per ton sold measures were due to the decrease in metallurgical coal prices as U.S. metallurgical coal price indices fell by an average of 23% during the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period of 2024 as a result of the macroeconomic conditions discussed earlier. We expect metallurgical coal prices to remain volatile in the near term.

Current wording

Revenue. Coal sales revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $408.6 million, approximately 18% lower than the same period in 2024 driven by the negative impact of pricing, offset by a 1% increase in tons sold. Revenue per ton sold decreased 18% from $173 per ton to $141 per ton while revenue per ton sold (FOB mine), a non-GAAP measure which excludes transportation revenues and demurrage, decreased 16% from $145 per ton to $122 per ton. The decrease in the Company’s revenue per ton sold measures were due to the decrease in metallurgical coal prices as U.S. metallurgical coal price indices fell by an average of 19% during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the same period of 2024 as a result of the macroeconomic conditions discussed earlier. We expect metallurgical coal prices to remain volatile in the near term.

Previous wording

Cost of sales.Our cost of coal sales totaled $248.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to $262.5 million for the same period in 2024. The 5% decrease was driven by the closure of the Jawbone mine in Q3 2024 and the idling of the Rockhouse Eagle mine in Q2 2025, in addition to reduced trucking costs at the Maben complex subsequent to commissioning in Q4 2024. Cost of sales per ton sold decreased 13% from $142 per ton to $123 per ton. Cash cost per ton sold(FOB mine), a non-GAAP measure which excludes transportation costs, alternative mineral development costs, and idle mine costs, decreased 11% from $113 per ton to $101 per ton. Mine costs for 2024 were impacted negatively by challenging geology and labor constraints in the first half of 2024 but improved during the same period of 2025.

Current wording

*Cost of sales.*Our cost of coal sales totaled $346.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $393.6 million for the same period in 2024. The 12% decrease was driven by the closure of the Jawbone mine in Q3 2024 and the idling of the Rockhouse Eagle mine in Q2 2025, in addition to reduced trucking costs at the Maben complex subsequent to commissioning in Q4 2024. Cost of sales per ton sold decreased 12% from $137 per ton to $120 per ton. Cash cost per ton sold (FOB mine), a non-GAAP measure which excludes transportation costs and idle mine costs, decreased 8% from $109 per ton to $100 per ton. Mine costs for the first nine months of 2024 were impacted negatively by challenging geology and labor constraints which improved during the same period of 2025.

Previous wording

At June 30, 2025, we had $28.1 million of cash and cash equivalents and $59.2 million of remaining availability under our Revolving Credit Facility for future borrowings. Cash and cash equivalents include $7.5 million of compensating balances held in dedicated accounts to assure future credit availability under the revolver. The Company’s total current assets were $154.9 million and were in excess of total current liabilities by $41.1 million as of the balance sheet date.

Current wording

At September 30, 2025, we had $193.8 million of cash and cash equivalents and $78.6 million of remaining availability under our Revolving Credit Facility for future borrowings. Cash and cash equivalents include $6.5 million of compensating balances held in dedicated accounts to assure future credit availability under the revolver. The Company’s total current assets were $328.7 million and were in excess of total current liabilities by $218.2 million as of the balance sheet date.

Previous wording

Significant sources and uses of cash during the first six months of 2025

Current wording

Significant sources and uses of cash during the first nine months of 2025

Previous wording

As of the issuance of these financial statements, the Board of Directors has not declared a dividend for the third quarter of fiscal year 2025. The Company anticipates declaring a similar dividend for the third quarter of fiscal year 2025 and on a quarterly basis in future periods; however, future declarations of dividends are subject to Board of Directors’ approval and may be adjusted as business needs or market conditions change.

Current wording

As of the issuance of these financial statements, the Board of Directors has not declared a dividend for the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2025. The Company anticipates declaring a similar dividend for the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2025 and on a quarterly basis in future periods; however, future declarations of dividends are subject to Board of Directors’ approval and may be adjusted as business needs or market conditions change.

Previous wording

Our primary use of cash includes capital expenditures for mine development and ongoing operating expenses. We expect to fund our capital and liquidity requirements for the next twelve months and the reasonably foreseeable future with cash on hand, borrowings under our revolving credit facility, projected cash flows from operations, and, if warranted, capital raised under the Company’s shelf registration discussed below. Factors that could adversely impact our future liquidity and ability to carry out our capital expenditure program include the following:

Current wording

Our primary use of cash includes our investment in the development of our rare earth elements and critical mineral platform, capital expenditures for mine development, and ongoing operating expenses. We expect to fund our capital and liquidity requirements for the next twelve months and the reasonably foreseeable future with cash on hand, borrowings under our revolving credit facility, projected cash flows from operations, and, if warranted, capital raised under the Company’s shelf registration discussed below. Factors that could adversely impact our future liquidity and ability to carry out our capital expenditure program include the following:

Previous wording

If future cash flows were to become insufficient to meet our liquidity needs or capital requirements, due to changes in macroeconomic conditions or otherwise, we may reduce our expected level of capital expenditures for new mine

Current wording

If future cash flows were to become insufficient to meet our liquidity needs or capital requirements, due to changes in macroeconomic conditions or otherwise, we may reduce our expected level of capital expenditures for new mine production and/or fund a portion of our capital expenditures through the issuance of debt or equity securities, new debt arrangements, or from other sources such as asset sales.

Previous wording

On September 1, 2023, the Company filed a shelf registration statement to sell any combination of Class A common stock, Class B common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares, debt securities, warrants, and rights at an aggregate initial offering price of up to $400.0 million. No securities may be sold until a prospectus supplement describing the method and terms of any future offering is delivered.

Current wording

On August 5, 2025, the Company filed an automatic shelf registration statement, which was effective upon filing, to sell any combination of Class A common stock, Class B common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares, debt securities, warrants, and rights. No securities may be sold until a prospectus supplement describing the method and terms of any future offering is delivered.

Previous wording

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amounts of revenue and expenses reported for the period then ended. A discussion of our critical accounting policies and estimates is included in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” of the Annual Report. There were no material changes to our critical accounting policies the six months ended June 30, 2025.

Current wording

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amounts of revenue and expenses reported for the period then ended. A discussion of our critical accounting policies and estimates is included in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” of the Annual Report. There were no material changes to our critical accounting policies the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

Previous wording

Adiscussion of off-balance sheet arrangements is included under the heading “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements” in the Annual Report. There were no material changes during the six months ended June 30, 2025.

Current wording

A discussion of off-balance sheet arrangements is included under the heading “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements” in the Annual Report. There were no material changes during the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

Previous wording

Non-GAAP cash cost per ton sold -Non-GAAP cash cost per ton sold (FOB mine) is calculated as cash cost of sales less transportation costs, alternative mineral development costs, and idle and other costs, divided by tons sold. We believe cash cost per ton sold provides useful information to investors as it enables investors to compare our cash cost per ton against similar measures made by other publicly-traded coal companies and more effectively monitor changes in coal cost from period to period excluding the impact of transportation costs which are beyond our control, and alternative mineral costs, which are more developmentally focused at the present time. The adjustments made to arrive at these measures are significant in understanding and assessing our financial performance. Cash cost per ton sold (FOB mine) is not a measure of financial performance in accordance with U.S. GAAP and, therefore, should not be considered as a substitute to cost of sales under U.S. GAAP.

Current wording

Non-GAAP cash cost per ton sold -Non-GAAP cash cost per ton sold (FOB mine) is calculated as cash cost of sales less transportation and idle and other costs, divided by tons sold. We believe cash cost per ton sold provides useful information to investors as it enables investors to compare our cash cost per ton against similar measures made by other publicly-traded coal companies and more effectively monitor changes in coal cost from period to period excluding the impact of transportation costs which are beyond our control, and alternative mineral costs, which are more developmentally focused at the present time. The adjustments made to arrive at these measures are significant in understanding and assessing our financial performance. Cash cost per ton sold (FOB mine) is not a measure of financial performance in accordance with U.S. GAAP and, therefore, should not be considered as a substitute to cost of sales under U.S. GAAP.
Rearranged current paragraphs (1)

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Rearranged previous paragraphs (3)

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

materially delayed or otherwise affected by recent severe weather events or by dockworker labor disputes taking place at U.S. East Coast ports.

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

There are no revenues from rare earth and critical minerals at this time.

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

production and/or fund a portion of our capital expenditures through the issuance of debt or equity securities, new debt arrangements, or from other sources such as asset sales.