NISOURCE INC.

We continually evaluate the availability of adequate financing to fund our ongoing business operations, working capital and core safety and infrastructure investment programs. Our financing is sourced through cash flow from operations, the issuance of debt and/or equity, and minority interest investments. Equity issuances are primarily conducted through our ATM program. Additionally, we received proceeds from tax credit transfers related to previously and currently monetized credits, which are returned to customers over a ten‑year period for investment tax credits and a one-year period for production tax credits. External debt financing is provided primarily through the issuance of long-term debt, accounts receivable securitization programs and our commercial paper program, which is backstopped by our committed revolving credit facility. In March 2026, we increased our commercial paper program limit from $1.85 billion to $2.50 billion. We believe these sources provide adequate capital to fund operating activities and capital expenditures for our base business (i.e., excluding operations and capital expenditures related to serving data center customers) in 2026 and beyond.

The aggregate cost of Contract Assets and Pool Resource Assets supporting our existing data center customers is currently estimated to be between$9.25 to $9.75 billion. We expect to finance the construction and development of these assets and purchases of market capacity through a number of sources including but not limited to funds received under our data center contracts, debt, and equity financing raised by NiSource and capital contributions from affiliates of Blackstone to NIPSCO Holdings II and Generation Holdings II in connection with such Blackstone affiliates’ minority interest investments in those entities. For additional information on these minority interest investments, refer to Note 4, "Noncontrolling Interests," and Note 19, "Other Commitments and Contingencies - E. Other Matters," in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. If we enter into additional data center contracts, we expect that we would need to develop additional generation assets to serve our new data center customers. In order to fund the development of these assets, which may be significant, we would be required to obtain significant additional financing, for which we may consider other funding sources, structures, or partnerships, which may include JVs, off-balance sheet arrangements in the form of BTAs, or other arrangements to support maintenance of our investment grade credit ratings.

Sources of financing activities for the current year are as follows:

Details of our ATM program activity are summarized below:

•In February 2026, we executed a forward sale agreement, which allows us to issue a fixed number of shares at a price to be settled in the future. The forward purchaser under our forward sale agreement borrowed 2,200,000 shares from third parties, which the forward purchaser sold, through its affiliated agent, at a weighted average price of $45.63 per share. We may settle the forward sale agreement in shares, cash or net shares by December 2026.

•As of March 31, 2026, the ATM program inclusive of the outstanding forward sale agreements had approximately $1.25 billion of equity capacity available. The ATM program expires in December 2028.

See Note 6, "Equity," Note 7, "Short-Term Borrowings," in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) for more information on our financing activities.

Cash Flow Activities

The following table summarizes our cash flow activities:

Operating Activities

The year over year decrease in cash from operating activities was primarily attributable to changes in exchange gas receivables, accounts payable and prepayments as well as a change in inventory. These impacts were partially offset by higher net income, change in accounts receivable, and depreciation.

Investing Activities

The year over year decrease in investing activities was primarily driven by prior year milestone payments to renewable generation asset developers for certain of our BTA projects and prior year advanced deposits offset by current year capital expenditures.

We expect to make capital investments of approximately $600 million in connection with Pool Resource Assets initially being developed in connection with contracted demand from data center customers. These capital expenditures are incremental to the estimates of capital investments relating to data center contracts described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 and are included in the forecasted capital investment table below.

Regulatory Capital Programs. We continue to upgrade and modernize our electric system to enhance safety and reliability by addressing aged infrastructure and deploying advanced grid technologies. We are also upgrading and modernizing our gas infrastructure to enhance safety and reliability by reducing leaks. An ancillary benefit of these programs is the reduction of GHG emissions. In 2026, we continue to move forward on core infrastructure investment programs supported by complementary regulatory and customer initiatives across five states of our operating area.

The following table describes the most recent vintage of our regulatory programs to recover infrastructure replacement and other federally mandated compliance investments:

(1)Programs do not include any costs already included in base rates.

(2)TDSIC – 7 was originally filed in May 2025. TDSIC - 7 was refiled in February 2026, due to the electric rate case Step 2 Compliance Filing. The refiling adjusted the capital in the tracker from $315.6 million to $175.4 million.

(3)Capital investment is based on a projected amount. The capital investment has not all been incurred to date and represents a forecasted average for the billing period.

Columbia of Ohio filed an application in December 2025 to seek continuation of its PHMSA IRP Rider for calendar year 2027. The request includes recovery of $404.3 million of capital to reconfirm maximum allowable operating pressure of transmission class pipe to meet federal rule requirements.

NIPSCO filed a Gas TDSIC Plan (2026 - 2030) in December 2025. The petition is seeking recovery of new or replacement projects undertaken for the purpose of safety, reliability, system modernization, or economic development. The request includes $741.0 million of estimated capital, including indirect costs and AFUDC. There is a hearing scheduled for May 2026 with the final order expected in July 2026.

Financing Activities

Common Stock. Refer to Note 6, "Equity," in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) for information on common stock.

Short-Term Debt. Refer to Note 7, "Short-Term Borrowings," in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) for information on short-term debt activity.

Noncontrolling Interest. Refer to Note 4, "Noncontrolling Interests," in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) for information on contributions and distributions from noncontrolling interests.

Sources of Liquidity

The following table displays our liquidity position as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

(1)Represents the lesser of the seasonal limit or maximum borrowings supportable by the underlying receivables.

Debt Covenants. We are subject to a financial covenant under our revolving credit facility, which requires us to maintain a debt to capitalization ratio that does not exceed 70.0%. As of March 31, 2026, the ratio was 51.5%.

Credit Ratings. The credit rating agencies periodically review our ratings, taking into account factors such as our capital structure and earnings profile. The following table includes our and NIPSCO's credit ratings and ratings outlook as of March 31, 2026.

A credit rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell, or hold securities, and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating organization.

Certain of our subsidiaries have agreements that contain ''ratings triggers'' that require increased collateral if our credit rating or the credit ratings of certain of our subsidiaries are below investment grade. These agreements are primarily for insurance purposes and for the physical purchase or sale of power. As of March 31, 2026, the collateral requirement of approximately $158.5 million would be required in the event of a downgrade below investment grade. In addition to agreements with ratings triggers, there are other agreements that contain ''adequate assurance'' or ''material adverse change'' provisions that could necessitate additional credit support such as letters of credit and cash collateral to transact business.

Equity. Our authorized capital stock consists of 770,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value, 750,000,000 are common stock and 20,000,000 are preferred stock. As of March 31, 2026, 479,364,801 shares of common stock were outstanding and no shares of preferred stock were outstanding.

Contractual Obligations. A summary of contractual obligations is included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. Since December 31, 2025, NIPSCO and GenCo have executed several capacity agreements and other agreements to support data center contracts. In addition, GenCo has exercised an option and intends to convert its ESA relating to the Tipton BESS Project to a BTA. Except for these items there were no additional material changes from year-end during the three months ended March 31, 2026. Refer to Note 13, "Other Commitments and Contingencies," in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) for additional information regarding the EPC Contracts and equipment supply contracts.

Guarantees, Indemnities and Other Off Balance Sheet Arrangements. We and certain of our subsidiaries enter into various agreements providing financial or performance assurance to third parties on behalf of certain subsidiaries as a part of normal business. Such agreements include guarantees and stand-by letters of credit. Refer to Note 13, "Other Commitments and

Contingencies," in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) for additional information about such arrangements.