Mount Logan Capital Inc.

Current report

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with Mount Logan's condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes within this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. As described in the section entitled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” this discussion contains forward-looking statements that are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties. Actual results and the timing of events may differ significantly from those expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including those included in the section of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q entitled “Item 1A. Risk Factors.” The highlights listed below have had significant effects on many items within our condensed consolidated financial statements and affect the comparison of the current period’s activity with those of prior periods. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any period in the future, and our interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results we expect for the full fiscal year or any other period.

Current report

Nature of Business

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General

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Mount Logan’s Business

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Mount Logan, together with its consolidated subsidiaries is an alternative asset management and insurance solutions company. Mount Logan manages its business through two business segments: Asset Management and Insurance Solutions. Its Asset Management segment is focused on investing in and actively managing credit investment opportunities in North America through its wholly-owned subsidiary Mount Logan Management LLC (“ML Management”). The Insurance Solutions segment is conducted by Ability Insurance Company (“Ability”), a Nebraska domiciled insurer, that specializes in reinsuring annuity products for the increasing number of individuals seeking to fund retirement needs. Ability also holds a run-off book of long-term care policies. As of September 30, 2025, Mount Logan had a team of 21 full time employees.

Current report

Mount Logan’s Asset Management segment focuses on generating recurring asset management fee streams across a variety of credit investing strategies. Mount Logan raises, invests and manages funds, accounts and other vehicles with an emphasis on private credit. As of September 30, 2025, Mount Logan had a total AUM of $2.1 billion.

Current report

As an alternative asset manager, through Mount Logan’s wholly and partially owned SEC-registered investment advisers (“RIAs”), Mount Logan earns management and incentive fees for providing investment advisory and management services to multiple diversified investment vehicles, which include Mount Logan’s Insurance Solutions segment. The majority of these vehicles are permanent or semi-permanent capital, generating recurring management and fee-related performance fees from indefinite term vehicles, that are measured and received on a recurring basis, primarily focused on North American and European direct and indirect private loan origination in the middle-market across the capital structure, as well as corporate credit, specialty finance, and other mandates across managed accounts and CLOs. Mount Logan benefits from its investment in and expansion into high-growth areas of private credit and private solutions investing, including asset-backed finance, opportunistic credit, and venture and growth lending. Beyond participation in the traditional primary and secondary credit markets, through Mount Logan’s origination and corporate solutions capabilities, Mount Logan seeks to originate assets with attractive risk-adjusted returns, in the funds Mount Logan manages, through the employment of rigorous and deep diligence on the opportunities Mount Logan assesses.

Current report

Through Mount Logan’s RIAs, Mount Logan seeks to invest in well-established middle market businesses that operate across a wide range of industries (i.e., no concentration in any one industry). Mount Logan employs fundamental credit analysis, targeting investments in businesses with relatively low levels of cyclicality and operating risk. Mount Logan has experience managing levered vehicles, both public and private, and seek to enhance returns through the prudent use of leverage with a conservative approach that prioritizes downside protection and capital preservation. Mount Logan believes this strategy and approach offers attractive risk-adjusted returns with lower volatility featuring the potential for fewer defaults and greater resilience through market cycles.

Current report

The amount of fees charged for managing these assets depends on the underlying investment strategy, vehicle being managed, liquidity profile, and, ultimately, Mount Logan’s ability to generate returns for Mount Logan’s clients. After expenses associated with generating fee-related revenues, Mount Logan measures the resulting earnings stream “Fee Related Earnings” or “FRE”, which represents the primary performance measure for the Asset Management segment. FRE is the sum of (i) management fees, (ii) performance fees received from certain managed funds (iii) equity investment earnings related to fee generating vehicles, and (iv) interest income attributable to investment management activity, less (a) fee-related compensation, excluding equity-based compensation, and (b) other associated operating expenses, which excludes amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets and interest and other credit facility expenses. FRE excludes non-fee generating revenues and expenses, transaction-related charges, equity-based compensation costs, the amortization of intangible assets, the operating results of variable interest entities ("VIEs") that are included in the consolidated financial statements, and any other non-recurring income and expenses. In addition, FRE excludes interest and other financing costs related to Mount Logan not attributable to any specific segment, and corporate overhead expenses incurred to support the operations of the business rather than directly fee-related. Management considers these types of costs corporate in nature, and are included only for reconciliation purposes to income (loss) before income tax (provision) benefit.

Current report

The Asset Management segment also holds a minority interest in Sierra Crest Investment Management ("SCIM"), which manages BCP Investment Corporation (“BCIC”), formerly known as Portman Ridge Finance Corp. ("Portman" or “Portman Ridge”), a United States business development company, and Alternative Credit Income Fund ("ACIF"), a closed-end interval fund that invests in a portfolio of public and private credit investments. SCIM is majority owned by BCPA.

Current report

Mount Logan’s Insurance Solutions segment is operated by Ability, a Nebraska domiciled insurer and reinsurer of long-term care ("LTC") policies and retirement savings products, licensed in 42 states and the District of Columbia. Upon closing of the acquisition of Ability in late 2021, ML Management entered into an investment management agreement with Ability (the "Ability IMA") to manage certain of Ability’s assets that are within the scope of ML Management’s expertise in providing investment management advisory services (the assets of Ability managed by ML Management referred to herein as the "Managed Ability Portfolio"). In the second quarter of 2022, management began to implement its plan to expand and diversify the Insurance Solutions business, including ceasing to insure new long-term care risk and, instead, reinsuring multi-year guaranteed annuity ("MYGA") policies. The Insurance Solutions segment also includes the economic benefits of the three Cornhusker CLOs (collectively, the "Cornhusker CLOs"), which represent consolidated VIEs. Annuity policies are contracts with insurers where individuals agree to pay a certain amount of money, either in a lump sum or through installments, which entitles them to receive a series of payments at a future date.

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Long-term care insurance policies reimburse policyholders a daily amount, upon meeting certain requirements, for services to assist with daily living as they age. Ability's long-term care portfolio's morbidity risk has been largely reinsured to third-parties.

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A reinsurance contract is a type of insurance contract that is issued by an entity (the reinsurer) to compensate another entity (the cedant) for claims arising from insurance contract(s) issued by the cedant.

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Consistent with the overall business strategy, Ability assumes certain policy risks written by other insurance companies and cedes insurance risks to reinsurers. Reinsurance accounting is applied for reinsurance transactions when risk transfer provisions have been met. Ability reviews all contractual features, particularly those that may limit the amount of insurance risk to which the reinsurer is subject or features that delay the timely reimbursement of claims. Ability does not have any assumed or ceded reinsurance contracts for the LTC line of business that do not meet risk transfer requirements. The MYGA line of business does not meet the risk requirements to qualify as an insurance contract and is therefore considered an investment contract.

Current report

Ability uses ceded reinsurance contracts in the normal course of business to manage its risk exposure. For each of its reinsurance agreements, cessions under reinsurance agreements do not discharge Ability’s obligations as the primary insurer. Reinsurance assets represent the benefit derived from reinsurance agreements in force at the reporting date, considering the financial condition of the reinsurer. Amounts recoverable from reinsurers are estimated in accordance with the terms of the relevant reinsurance contract and historical reinsurance recovery information. Amounts recoverable from reinsurers are based on what Ability believes are reasonable estimates and the balance is reported as an asset in the Insurance section of the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. However, the ultimate amount of the reinsurance recoverable is not known until all claims are settled.

Current report

Mount Logan provides a full suite of services for Ability's investment portfolio, including direct investment management, asset allocation, mergers and acquisitions asset diligence and certain operational support services, including investment compliance, tax, legal and risk management support. Mount Logan’s Insurance Solutions business focuses on generating spread income by combining the two core competencies of (1) sourcing long-term, persistent liabilities through reinsurance treaties and (2) using the scale and reach of Mount Logan’s Asset Management business to actively source or originate assets with Ability's preferred risk and return characteristics. Ability's investment philosophy is to invest a portion of its assets in securities that earn an incremental yield by taking measured liquidity and complexity risk and capitalize on its long-dated, persistent liability profile to prudently achieve higher net investment earned rates, rather than assuming incremental credit risk. Because Ability maintains discipline in reinsuring attractively priced liabilities, it has the ability to invest in a broad range of high-quality assets to generate attractive earnings.

Current report

Mount Logan uses Spread Related Earnings (“SRE”) to assess the performance of the Insurance Solutions segment. SRE is a component of Segment Income that is used to assess the performance of the Insurance Solutions segment, excluding certain market volatility, which consists of investment gains (losses), other income and certain general, administrative & other expenses. For the Insurance Solutions segment, SRE equals the sum of (i) the net investment earnings on Insurance Solutions segment’s net invested assets (excluding investment earnings on funds held under reinsurance contracts and modified coinsurance (“Modco”) agreement), less (ii) cost of funds (as described below), (iii) compensation and benefits, (iv) interest expense and (v) operating expenses. SRE represents the difference between actual earnings generated on the assets and investments made and the interest or crediting rate guaranteed to policyholders or participants. Rather than increasing allocations to higher risk securities to increase yields, or returns, on the assets invested, Ability and ML Management focus on proprietary origination of high-quality, predominantly senior secured loans and assets, which Mount Logan believes reduce downside risk.

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The diagram below depicts Mount Logan’s current organizational structure:

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Note: The organizational structure chart above depicts a simplified version of the Mount Logan structure. It does not include all legal entities in the structure. The acquisition of 180 Degree Capital Corp. is reflected as part of the Asset Management segment.

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Business Environment

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Industry Trends and Market Conditions

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Mount Logan’s asset management and insurance solutions businesses are affected by the conditions in the political environment and financial markets and economic conditions of the United States, such as changes in interest rates, availability of credit, and inflation rates (including persistent inflation). These conditions can significantly impact the performance of Mount Logan’s business, including, but not limited to, the valuation of investments, including those of the vehicles Mount Logan manages, and related income that Mount Logan may recognize.

Current report

Mount Logan carefully monitors economic and market conditions that could potentially give rise to market volatility and affect its business operations, which include inflation and benchmark interest rates. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the annual U.S. inflation rate increased slightly from 2.7% as of June 30, 2025 to 3.0% as of September 30, 2025. This heightening of inflation was part of a broader trend of increasing inflationary pressures. The Federal Reserve finished the third quarter of 2025 with a benchmark interest rate target range of 4.0% to 4.25%, a 25 basis point decrease from its December 2024 meeting. At its October 2025 meeting, the Federal Reserve again lowered the target range to 3.75% to 4.0%. While the Federal Reserve in the United States and central banks in other countries have begun to cut interest rates as inflation rates have gradually weakened, they may raise rates again in the future due to ongoing inflation concerns. This potential increase, combined with reduced government spending and financial market volatility, could further elevate economic uncertainty and associated risks. Additionally, interest rate hikes or other government measures aimed at curbing inflation might lead to recessionary pressures globally. Such a recession could significantly and adversely impact Mount Logan’s business, financial condition, operational results, liquidity, and cash flows.

Current report

Moreover, Ability is materially affected by conditions in the capital markets and the U.S. economy generally. Actual or perceived stressed conditions, volatility and disruptions in financial asset classes or various capital and credit markets may have an adverse effect on Mount Logan’s insurance business because such conditions may decrease the returns on, and value of, its investment portfolio.

Current report

Interest Rate Environment

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Both medium-term and long-term rates generally declined between the second and third quarter of 2025, with the U.S. 10-year Treasury yield at 4.15% as of September 30, 2025 compared to 4.23% as of June 30, 2025. Short term rates similarly declined in the third quarter of 2025, with the 3-month secured overnight financing rate at 3.98% as of September 30, 2025 compared to 4.29% as of June 30, 2025 respectively.

Current report

With respect to the Insurance Solutions segment, Ability's investment portfolio consists predominantly of fixed maturity investments. Both rising and declining interest rates can negatively affect the income Ability derives from these interest rate spreads. During periods of rising interest rates, Ability may be contractually obligated to reimburse its clients for the greater amounts they credit on certain interest-sensitive products. However, Ability may not have the ability to immediately acquire investments with interest rates sufficient to offset the increased crediting rates on its reinsurance contracts. During periods of falling interest rates, Ability’s investment earnings will be lower because new investments in fixed maturity securities will likely bear lower interest rates. Ability may not be able to fully offset the decline in investment earnings with lower crediting rates on underlying annuity products related to certain of its reinsurance contracts. Higher interest rates may result in increased surrenders on interest-based products of Ability’s clients, which may affect its fees and earnings on those products. Lower interest rates may result in lower sales of certain insurance and investment products of Ability’s clients, which would reduce the demand for its reinsurance of these products. If interest rates remain low for an extended period, it may adversely affect Ability’s cash flows, financial condition and results of operations. Ability addresses interest rate risk through managing the duration of the liabilities it sources with assets it acquires through asset/liability management (“ALM”) programs. As part of its investment strategy, Ability purchases floating rate investments, which are expected to perform well in a rising interest rate environment and are expected to underperform in a declining rate environment. Ability manages its floating interest rate risk in a declining rate environment through hedging activity.

Current report

As of September 30, 2025, Ability's net invested asset portfolio included $340 million of floating rate investments, or 45% of its net invested assets. In periods of prolonged low interest rates, the net investment spread may be negatively impacted by reduced investment income to the extent that Ability is unable to adequately reduce policyholder crediting rates due to policyholder guarantees in the form of minimum crediting rates or otherwise due to market conditions. A significant majority of the MYGA policies Ability reinsures have crediting rates that reset upon renewal. While Ability has the contractual right to not accept the renewals, its willingness to do so may be limited by competitive pressures.

Current report

Significant interest rate risk may arise from mismatches in the timing of cash flows from Ability’s assets and liabilities. Management of interest rate risk at the Company-wide level, and at the various operating company levels, is one of the main risk management activities in which MLC senior management engages.

Current report

Interest Rate Sensitivity

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The following table summarizes the potential impact on net income of hypothetical base rate changes in interest rates on Mount Logan’s debt investments assuming a parallel shift in the yield curve, with all other variables remaining constant for the Insurance Solutions segment. The impact of interest rates sensitivity on the Asset Management segment is immaterial.

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(1)Losses are presented in brackets and gains are presented as positive numbers

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Actual results may differ significantly from these sensitivity analyses. As such, the sensitivities should only be viewed as directional estimates of the underlying sensitivities for the respective factors based on the assumptions outlined above.

Current report

During the first quarter of 2024, Mount Logan entered into interest rate swaps to economically hedge fair value interest rate risk on floating rate debt investments. Mount Logan does not designate derivatives (interest rate swaps) as hedging instruments under a fair value hedge accounting model. Derivatives are initially measured at fair value with subsequent changes therein recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Mount Logan's derivative instruments are disclosed below:

Current report

The interest rate swaps are recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as "Derivatives" within the Insurance Solutions segment with the mark-to-market changes in fair value being recorded as part of "Unrealized gains (losses) on hedging instruments" within the Insurance Solutions segment on the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss).

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Restricted cash posted as collateral consists of cash deposited at a bank that is pledged as collateral in connection with the interest rate swaps. The table below represents the cash posted as collateral associated with open derivative positions:

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Overview of Results of Operations

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Financial Measures under U.S. GAAP - Asset Management

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The following discussion of financial measures under U.S. GAAP is based on Mount Logan's Asset Management business as of September 30, 2025.

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Management Fees

Previous report

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to provide a reader of our financial statements with a narrative from the perspective of our management on our financial condition, liquidity and certain other factors that may affect our future results. The Company did not have any operations during the time period covered in this report. The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes included in Item 1 “Financial Information” of this Form 10-Q.

Previous report

Forward-looking Statements

Previous report

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as information included in oral statements or other written statements made or to be made by us, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this report, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial condition, business strategy, and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, forward-looking statements may be identified by words such as “believe,” “may,” “will,” “potentially,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “project,” “target,” “plan,” “expect,”, “seek,” “hope,” “likely,” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions.

Previous report

Forward-looking statements are based on our management’s beliefs and assumptions and on information currently available. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including risks described in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that may cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated or implied by the forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to:

Previous report

•As of the end of the reporting period, New Parent did not have any cash or material assets, and therefore there is substantial question as to its ability to continue as a going concern.

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•New Parent may not become a publicly-traded company in connection with the Mergers.

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Given these risks and uncertainties, undue reliance should not be placed on such forward-looking statements. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for our management to predict all risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ from those contained in, or implied by, any forward-looking statements. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements for any reason after the date of this report or to conform these statements to actual results or to changes in our expectations. You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the documents that we have filed as exhibits to this report with the understanding that our actual future results, levels of activity, performance, and achievements may be materially different from what we expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.

Previous report

Investors, the media, and others should note that we intend to announce material information to the public through filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and through disclosure channels maintained by our parent company, including the investor relations page on its website (https://ir.180degreecapital.com/), press releases, public conference calls, webcasts and social media channels. We encourage investors, the media, and others to follow these channels and to review the information disclosed through them. Any updates to the list of disclosure channels through which we will announce information will be posted on the investor relations page on our parent company’s website. The contents of the websites provided above are not incorporated into this filing or in any other report or document we file with the SEC. These website addresses are intended to be inactive textual references only.

Previous report

New Parent was formed to be the surviving publicly-traded company in connection with the Mergers. New Parent has no prior operating activities and no material assets.

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As of June 30, 2025, New Parent had no cash, and no sources of funding other than funds that may be obtained from 180 Degree Capital.

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These conditions raise substantial doubt about New Parent’s ability to continue as a going concern one year from the date that these consolidated financial statements are issued, in the event the Business Combination is not completed.

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Uncertain Tax Positions

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New Parent and TURN Merger Sub, each are currently not expected to be subject to federal income tax return filing requirements as they are not expected to have any trade or business activity prior to completion of the Business Combination.

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MLC Merger Sub, under the domestic default classification rules of Reg. Sec. 301.7701-3(b)(1) this entity will be treated as a DRE for tax purposes and thus it will not have a federal income tax return filing requirement.

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As of June 30, 2025, there were no uncertain tax positions related to New Parent or its subsidiaries.

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

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The SEC considers an accounting policy to be critical if it is important to a company’s financial condition and results of operations, and if it requires significant judgment and estimates on the part of management in its application. These estimates and assumptions take into account historical and forward looking factors that the Company believes are reasonable, including but not limited to the potential impacts from economic uncertainty and volatility in the financial markets that could adversely affect the completion of the Mergers. If actual results or events differ materially from those contemplated by us in making these estimates, our reported financial condition and results of operations for future periods could be materially affected.

Previous report

During the period ended June 30, 2025, there were no significant changes in our critical accounting policies.

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Recently Issued Accounting Standards

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For a discussion of recently issued accounting standards see Note 2.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.