T1 Energy Inc.
For the period ended Dec 31, 2024. Filed Mar 31, 2025.
View on SEC.govAbout this filing
A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.
FY2024 · Filed Mar 31, 2025
What changed in Risk Factors?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-K
Period ended 2023-12-31; filed 2024-02-29.
0001992243-24-000066
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORSCurrent report: 10-K
Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-03-31.
0001992243-25-000010
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORSThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 248 previous paragraphs and 225 current paragraphs.
21 unchanged; 84 reworded; 117 added; 141 removed; 2 previous and 3 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 0 previous and 0 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (117)
Current report
•Our ability to successfully integrate the businesses and operations of us and Trina;
Current report
•Our dependence on a limited number of suppliers;
Current report
•Interruption of the flow of components and materials from international vendors;
Current report
•The approval of certain aspects of the Trina Business Combination by CFIUS (as defined below);
Current report
•Competition in solar markets globally and across the solar value chain;
Current report
•The availability of tax incentives provided by the IRA;
Current report
•The substantial regulation to which we are subject;
Current report
•Our ability to compete in international markets in light of export and import controls;
Current report
•The safety and environmental risks inherent to our worksites;
Current report
•The impact of international trade policies, including tariffs, on our products and our competitive position;
Current report
•Our indebtedness and our ability to service our debt;
Current report
•The capital-intensive nature of our business and our ability to raise additional capital on attractive terms;
Current report
Risks Relating to Operations, Development and Commercialization
Current report
The failure to integrate successfully the businesses and operations of us and Trina in the expected time frame may adversely affect our future results.
Current report
Prior to the completion of the Trina Business Combination, we operated independently from Trina. There can be no assurances that our respective businesses can be integrated successfully. It is possible that the integration process could result in the loss of our key employees or key Trina employees; the loss of customers; the disruption of either company’s or both companies’ ongoing businesses; inconsistencies in standards, controls, procedures and policies; unexpected integration issues; higher than expected integration costs; and an overall post-completion integration process that takes longer than originally anticipated. In addition, due to the integration process, customers may be slow to award new business to us or may not award new business to us at all. Specifically, the following issues, among others, must be addressed in integrating the operations of the Company and Trina in order to realize the anticipated benefits of the acquisition so we perform as expected:
Current report
•combining the companies’ operations and corporate functions;
Current report
•combining the Trina businesses with our business and meeting our capital requirements in a manner that permits us to achieve the synergies and other benefits we anticipate from the acquisition;
Current report
•successfully obtaining all necessary visas, work permits and other employment-related documentation for foreign nationals employed by Trina who will provide services to G1 Dallas;
Current report
•integrating the companies’ personnel, technologies, systems and processes;
Current report
•maintaining existing agreements with customers, distributors, providers and vendors, and avoiding delays in entering into new agreements with prospective customers, distributors, providers and vendors;
Current report
•coordinating distribution and sales and marketing efforts;
Current report
•coordinating geographically dispersed organizations; and
Current report
•effecting actions that may be required in connection with obtaining regulatory approvals.
Current report
In addition, at times the attention of certain members of either company’s or both companies’ management teams and resources may be focused on completion of the acquisition and the integration of the businesses of the two companies and diverted from day-to-day business operations, which may disrupt each company’s ongoing business. Furthermore, integrating certain members of management team of Trina into our management team could require the reconciliation of differing priorities and philosophies. As a result of the integration of the acquisition, significant demands will be placed on the managerial, financial and other personnel and systems of the Company and Trina. We and Trina cannot assure you that our systems, procedures and controls will be adequate to support the transition and integration of operations following and resulting from the acquisition.
Current report
Additionally, because our industry is capital intensive and we have significant fixed and semi-fixed costs, our profitability is sensitive to material changes in volume. The property, plant and equipment needed to manufacture products for our customers and provide our processes and solutions can be very expensive. We must spend a substantial amount of capital to purchase and maintain such property, plant and equipment. Although we believe our current cash balance, along with our projected internal cash flows and available financing sources, will provide sufficient cash to support our currently anticipated operating and capital needs, if we are unable to generate sufficient cash or secure financing to purchase and maintain the property, plant and equipment necessary to operate our business, we may be required to reduce or delay planned capital expenditures or to incur additional indebtedness.
Current report
We have had a history of losses and may incur future losses, which may prevent us from attaining profitability.
Current report
We have incurred significant net losses since inception. Our net losses were approximately $450.6 million and $73.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, we had an accumulated deficit of $725.2 million. We may continue to incur significant losses in the future for a number of reasons, including post-Business Combination integration costs, unforeseen expenses, delays and other unknown events.
Current report
We anticipate that our operating expenses will increase substantially in the foreseeable future as we undertake to integrate the acquired Trina assets, incur expenses associated with maintaining compliance as a public company and increase production, marketing and sales efforts to increase our customer base. These increased expenditures may make it more difficult to achieve and maintain profitability, despite revenue-generating activity following the Trina Business Combination. In addition, our efforts to develop our solar business may be more expensive than we expect, and we may not be able to generate sufficient revenue to offset increased operating expenses. If we are required to reduce our expenses, our solar business strategy could be materially affected. We will need to generate and sustain significant revenue levels in future periods in order to become profitable, and, even if we do, we may not be able to maintain or increase our level of profitability.
Current report
Our business is concentrated in certain markets including Texas, putting us at risk of region-specific disruptions.
Current report
As of December 31, 2024, a substantial portion of our manufacturing facilities and installations were in Texas and we expect much of our near-term future growth to occur in Texas, further concentrating our operational infrastructure. Accordingly, our business and results of operations are particularly susceptible to adverse economic, regulatory, political, weather and other conditions in this market and in other markets that may become similarly concentrated. We may not have adequate insurance, including business interruption insurance, to compensate for losses that may occur from any such significant events. A significant natural disaster in Texas could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition. To the extent that any of these disruptions results in delays or cancellations of installations or the deployment of solar service offerings, our business, results of operations and financial condition would be adversely affected.
Current report
Our growth strategy depends on the widespread adoption of solar power technology.
Current report
The distributed solar energy market is at a relatively early stage of development in comparison to fossil fuel-based electricity generation. If additional demand for distributed solar energy systems fails to develop sufficiently or takes longer to develop than we anticipate, we may be unable to originate additional solar service agreements and related solar energy systems and energy storage systems to grow our business. In addition, demand for solar energy systems and energy storage systems in our targeted markets may not develop to the extent we anticipate. As a result, we may be unsuccessful in broadening our customer base through origination of solar service agreements and related solar energy systems and energy storage systems within our current markets or in new markets we may enter.
Current report
Many factors may affect the demand for solar energy systems, including, but not limited to, the following:
Current report
•the availability, substance and magnitude of solar support programs including government targets, subsidies, incentives and renewable portfolio standards;
Current report
•the relative pricing of other conventional and non-renewable energy sources, such as natural gas, coal, oil and other fossil fuels, wind, utility-scale solar, nuclear, geothermal and biomass;
Current report
•performance, reliability and availability of energy generated by solar energy systems compared to conventional and other non-solar renewable energy sources;
Current report
•availability and performance of energy storage technology, the ability to implement such technology for use in conjunction with solar energy systems and the cost competitiveness such technology provides to customers as compared to costs for those customers reliant on the conventional electrical grid; and
Current report
•general economic conditions and the level of interest rates.
Showing the first 40 of 117 passages. Open the source sections for the rest.
Removed paragraphs (141)
Previous report
•Changes adversely affecting the battery industry and the development of existing or new technologies;
Previous report
•The failure of 24M technology or our batteries not performing as expected;
Previous report
•24M or other future counterparties will provide similar licenses to other manufacturers which will increase our competition;
Previous report
•Our ability to manufacture battery cells and to develop and increase our production capacity in a cost-effective manner;
Previous report
•Our ability to compete with lower cost battery manufacturers from jurisdictions with more favorable government subsidies than jurisdictions where we manufacture our battery cells;
Previous report
•Our ability to adapt our business plans to changing governmental policies in the jurisdictions where we manufacture our battery cells;
Previous report
•The electrification of energy sources does not develop as expected, or develops more slowly than expected;
Previous report
•Technological developments in existing technologies or new developments in competitive technologies that could adversely affect the demand for our battery cells;
Previous report
•Increases in the cost of electricity or raw materials and components;
Previous report
•Our ability to execute and realize our business strategy and plans, including our ability to enter into joint ventures and other licensing arrangements with conventional and other battery technology partners due to uncertainty with changing government policies in the jurisdictions where we manufacture our battery cells;
Previous report
•The failure to establish and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting;
Previous report
•Our ability to assert, enforce and otherwise protect against unauthorized use of intellectual property rights licensed from 24M, which could result in our competitors using the intellectual property to offer products;
Previous report
•Our ability to source materials from an ethically- and sustainably-sourced supply chain and 24M-qualified suppliers in sufficient quantities;
Previous report
•The result of future financing efforts, including our ability to raise capital due to the unpredictability and volatility of changing governmental policies affecting the battery manufacturing industry in jurisdictions where we manufacture our battery cells;
Previous report
•The existence of, and our ability to qualify for, governmental and other economic incentives;
Previous report
•The cost-competitiveness, carbon footprint, energy density and charge rates of our batteries;
Previous report
•The timing, capacity, configurations and locations of our battery factories and production lines;
Previous report
•The planned construction and production timing for the CQP and the planned construction period for our gigafactories;
Previous report
•The cost to build the CQP and the gigafactories;
Previous report
•Our expectations for our general and administrative expenses;
Previous report
•Our expectations about market supply, demand, and other dynamics, including the number of industrial-scale battery manufacturing facilities in the United States and Europe, supply costs, regulatory developments, increased globalization, and consolidation in the automotive and energy industries;
Previous report
•The use and mix of lithium-nickel-manganese-oxide and lithium-iron-phosphate battery chemistries, including shifts in the battery chemistry mix due to conversations with potential customers;
Previous report
•The market segments that we will initially target;
Previous report
•Whether we will successfully enter into or obtain, and the impact of failing to sign or obtain, customer offtake agreements, necessary consents, other commercial agreements, permits, or licenses in a timely manner or at all
Previous report
•Our ability to enter successful joint venture partnerships and licensing arrangements; and
Previous report
•Our ability to commercialize 24M and other technology for our licensing strategy and business plans.
Previous report
Risks Relating to the Development and Commercialization of FREYR’s Battery Cells
Previous report
FREYR’s success will depend on its ability to manufacture battery cells, and to do so economically, at scale, of sufficient quality, on schedule, and to customers’ specifications.
Previous report
FREYR’s future business depends in large part on FREYR’s ability to execute its plans to develop, manufacture, market, and sell its battery cells and to deploy the battery cells at sufficient capacity and agreed specifications to meet the demands of customers. FREYR has no prior experience manufacturing battery cells and cannot be certain that the technologies and methods it intends to use will result in efficient, automated, low-cost manufacturing capabilities and processes, that will enable FREYR to meet the quality, price, engineering, design, production standards, and production volumes, required to successfully market its battery cells.
Previous report
Even if FREYR is successful in developing its manufacturing capability and processes it cannot be certain whether it will be able to do so in a manner that avoids cost overruns, meets its commercialization schedules, and satisfies the requirements of customers. Construction and manufacturing are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that could be negatively impacted by factors both within and beyond FREYR’s ability to control, including but not limited to, difficulty in obtaining permits, delays, and cost overruns, any of which could have a material adverse effect on FREYR’s business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows.
Previous report
FREYR’s license with 24M is subject to various risks and uncertainties, which could adversely affect FREYR’s business and future prospects. There can be no assurances that 24M or other future counterparties will not provide similar licenses to other manufacturers, which will increase the competition faced by FREYR.
Previous report
The 24M License is subject to various risks, which could adversely affect FREYR’s business and future prospects. There are no assurances that 24M or its successors will not provide similar licenses to other battery cell manufacturers, outside the exclusivity and non-compete restrictions detailed in the 24M License, thus increasing the competition faced by FREYR.
Previous report
The 24M License provides FREYR with the rights to use 24M’s technology and accelerate FREYR’s time to market. FREYR’s business, competitive advantage. and financial results rely heavily on the technology licensed from 24M and its relationship with 24M. However, 24M may have economic, business, or legal interests or goals that are inconsistent with those of FREYR. If 24M is unable or unwilling to meet its economic or other obligations under the 24M License, FREYR may be required to either fulfill those obligations alone or be unable to replicate the services to be provided by 24M. Furthermore, any disagreement with 24M or its successors, or termination of the 24M License would result in a material adverse effect on FREYR’s business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows, including impeding FREYR’s ability to maximize the benefits of its licensing strategy and delay the development, construction, or deployment of FREYR’s battery plants, to the extent not replaced with an alternative battery technology.
Previous report
24M and FREYR have agreed to a limited exclusivity and non-compete framework in the 24M License, which is limited by geography and time and is conditional on FREYR’s materially proper performance of its 24M License obligations. For example, the 24M License grants exclusivity that is limited to the Scandinavian region and the EEA until December 31, 2023, and in the U.S. exclusivity may cease if FREYR does not meet a sustained annual production rate by December 31,
Previous report
Subject to these agreed exclusivities and non-compete limitations in the 24M License, the future use by FREYR’s competitors or potential competitors of 24M technology could result in a material adverse effect on FREYR’s business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows.
Previous report
The 24M technology or other technology licensed by FREYR may not perform as expected.
Previous report
The technology licensed from 24M has not yet been commercialized on a gigafactory scale and therefore the technology and the battery cell manufacturing process may take longer or require more effort than planned to commercialize or may not perform as expected. In addition, FREYR may license technology from other third parties, including conventional battery technology, which may not have been commercialized broadly or at all.
Previous report
If the cost, manufacturing process, performance characteristics, or other specifications of batteries produced with the 24M technology, or technology licensed from another counterparty, including conventional battery technology, are significantly different than anticipated or are unable to be realized for production at gigascale, FREYR’s projected sales, costs, time to market, competitive advantage, product pricing, and margins would likely be adversely affected. If FREYR’s licensed technologies do not perform as expected, FREYR’s business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows could be adversely affected.
Previous report
FREYR will rely on complex machinery for its operations and production involves a significant degree of risk and uncertainty in terms of operational performance and costs, as well as the risk of damage or destruction.
Previous report
FREYR will rely heavily on complex machinery in its large-scale manufacturing operations for the production of its battery cells. Except for the CQP equipment, FREYR has not acquired, developed, or operated such machinery in the past. The work required to design, secure, and integrate this equipment into the production of FREYR’s battery cells is time intensive and requires FREYR to work closely with third-party equipment and technology providers to ensure that it works properly for FREYR’s specific licensed-in battery technology.
Showing the first 40 of 141 passages. Open the source sections for the rest.
Reworded paragraphs (84)
Previous wording
•Our ability to attract and retain key employees and qualified personnel and add significant staff;
Current wording
•Our ability to attract and retain key employees and qualified personnel;
Previous wording
•Our capital, organizational, and ownership structure;
Current wording
•Our capital, organizational, and ownership structure; and
Previous wording
FREYR’s success depends in part on its ability to construct and equip manufacturing facilities in a timely and cost-effective manner.
Current wording
Our success depends in part on the ability to construct and equip manufacturing facilities in a timely and cost-effective manner.
Previous wording
FREYR’s ability to plan, construct and equip manufacturing facilities is subject to significant risks and uncertainties. The construction of manufacturing facilities is subject to the risks and uncertainties inherent in any construction project and particularly in the development and construction of new facilities, including risks of delays and cost overruns, which FREYR has experienced in the past. Additionally, manufacturing equipment may take longer and cost more to engineer, build, and install than expected, and may not operate as required to meet FREYR’s production plans.
Current wording
Our ability to plan, construct and equip manufacturing facilities, including G2 Austin, is subject to significant risks and uncertainties. The construction of manufacturing facilities is subject to the risks and uncertainties inherent in any construction project particularly in the development and construction of new facilities, including risks of delays and cost overruns, which we have experienced in the past. Additionally, manufacturing equipment may take longer and cost more to engineer, build, and install than expected, and may not operate as required to meet our production plans.
Previous wording
The development phase of the manufacturing facilities includes obtaining several consents, commercial agreements, permits, and licenses from relevant authorities and stakeholders to secure rights for construction and operation activities, and of which could be delayed or denied, negatively impacting construction time-frames and cost estimates. FREYR also depends on third-party relationships in the development and construction of production equipment, which may subject FREYR to the risk that such third parties do not fulfill their obligations.
Current wording
The development phase of the manufacturing facilities includes obtaining several consents, commercial agreements, permits, and licenses from relevant authorities and stakeholders to secure rights for construction and operation activities, and of which could be delayed or denied, negatively impacting construction timeframes and cost estimates. We also depend on third-party relationships in the development and construction of production equipment, which may subject us to the risk that such third parties do not fulfill their obligations.
Previous wording
If FREYR is unable to build its manufacturing facilities, FREYR will be unable to operate its business as expected. If the demand for FREYR’s battery cells or production output is not as expected, FREYR’s constructed manufacturing facilities may have capacity significantly in excess of the demand for FREYR’s products, resulting in a higher cost per unit.
Current wording
If we are unable to build our manufacturing facilities, we will be unable to operate our business as expected. If the demand for our production output is not as expected, our constructed manufacturing facilities may have capacity significantly in excess of the demand for our products, resulting in a higher cost per unit.
Previous wording
The inability to construct and equip FREYR’s manufacturing facilities in a timely or cost-effective manner or any significant excess of production capacity over product demand, including the impact of factors both within and outside of FREYR’s control, could have a material adverse effect on FREYR’s business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows.
Current wording
The inability to construct and equip our manufacturing facilities in a timely or cost-effective manner or any significant excess of production capacity over product demand, including the impact of factors both within and outside of our control, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows.
Previous wording
FREYR’s planned manufacturing plants, facilities, systems, and infrastructure are subject to risks that could result in these facilities not becoming operable on schedule, or at all, or becoming damaged or destroyed, resulting in disruptions to FREYR’S battery cell production.
Current wording
Our planned manufacturing plants, facilities, systems, and infrastructure are subject to risks that could result in these facilities not becoming operable on schedule, or at all, or becoming damaged or destroyed, resulting in disruptions to production.
Previous wording
FREYR has leased the land for its CQP and the Giga Arctic site in Mo i Rana and FREYR holds the land for the intended site of the Company’s Giga America battery cell manufacturing project in Coweta County, Georgia, U.S. The construction of these plants, or other plants or facilities constructed in the future, and its related systems and infrastructure may be halted, damaged, or rendered uninhabitable or inoperable, by natural or man-made disasters, including earthquakes, fire, flood, hurricanes, power outages, telecommunications failures, break-ins, political conflicts, war, riots, terrorist attacks, and health epidemics or pandemics. Any of the foregoing events may give rise to interruptions, breakdowns, system failures, technology platform failures, or internet failures, which could adversely affect FREYR’s ability to manufacture battery cells and could cause the loss or corruption of data or malfunctions of software or hardware.
Current wording
G1 Dallas is under a lease. The construction of the plant, or other plants or facilities constructed in the future, and its related systems and infrastructure may be halted, damaged, or rendered uninhabitable or inoperable, by natural or man-made disasters, including earthquakes, fire, flood, hurricanes, power outages, telecommunications failures, break-ins, political conflicts, war, riots, terrorist attacks, and health epidemics or pandemics. Any of the foregoing events may give rise to interruptions, breakdowns, system failures, technology platform failures, or internet failures, which could adversely affect our ability to manufacture PV solar modules and could cause the loss or corruption of data or malfunctions of software or hardware.
Previous wording
The plant and equipment FREYR will use to manufacture the battery cells would be costly to repair, replace, or qualify for use, all of which could require substantial lead time. In addition, as a result of the concentration of the CQP and Giga Arctic facilities in Mo i Rana, Norway, FREYR’s operations and assets could be more significantly affected by negative developments in this area than if these assets were spread out over several regions.
Current wording
The plant and equipment we will use to manufacture the PV solar modules would be costly to repair, replace, or qualify for use, all of which could require substantial lead time.
Previous wording
The inability to produce FREYR battery cells or the backlog that could develop if a manufacturing plant or facility is inoperable for any length of time may result in the loss of customers or harm FREYR’s reputation. Although FREYR plans to obtain and maintain insurance for damage to its property and the disruption of its business, this insurance may be challenging to obtain and maintain on terms acceptable to FREYR and may not be sufficient to cover all of FREYR’s potential losses.
Current wording
The inability to produce PV solar modules or the backlog that could develop if a manufacturing plant or facility is inoperable for any length of time may result in the loss of customers or harm our reputation.
Previous wording
Any delays in the construction or equipping of a FREYR manufacturing plant or any damage or destruction to a plant could have a material adverse effect on FREYR’s business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows.
Current wording
Any delays in the construction or equipping of a manufacturing plant or any damage or destruction to a plant could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows.
Previous wording
FREYR may be unable to adequately control the costs or adjust to substantial increases in the prices for FREYR’s raw materials, components, equipment, and machinery.
Current wording
We may be unable to adequately control the costs or adjust to substantial increases in the prices for raw materials, components, equipment, and machinery.
Previous wording
FREYR is exposed to multiple risks relating to the availability and pricing of raw materials and components. FREYR has incurred, and expects to continue to incur, significant costs related to procuring components and materials required to manufacture and assemble its battery cells, modules, and packs. FREYR expects to use various expensive and difficult-to-source materials in its manufacturing. Prices of certain materials, such as lithium, are commodities, which are subject to volatile market price fluctuations, which can be difficult to predict. FREYR may not be able to control fluctuation in the prices for these materials or negotiate agreements with suppliers on terms that are beneficial to FREYR. Inflation, increases in building material costs, changing exchange rates, and other factors have impacted FREYR’s expenses in the past. In the future, currency fluctuations, trade barriers, tariffs, shortages and other general economic or political conditions may limit FREYR’s ability to obtain key components for its battery cells or significantly increase freight charges, raw material costs and other expenses associated with FREYR’s business. Additionally, FREYR’s business model, brand, and reputation depend in part on the ability to find ethically sourced materials, which could further increase prices.
Current wording
We are exposed to multiple risks relating to the availability and pricing of raw materials and components. We have incurred and expect to continue to incur, significant costs related to procuring components and materials required to manufacture and assemble our PV modules. We expect to use various expensive and difficult-to-source materials in our manufacturing. We may not be able to control fluctuation in the prices for these materials or negotiate agreements with suppliers on terms that are beneficial to us. Inflation, increases in building material costs, changing exchange rates, and other factors have impacted our expenses in the past. In the future, currency fluctuations, trade barriers, tariffs, shortages and other general economic or political conditions may limit our ability to obtain key components for our PV solar modules or significantly increase freight charges, raw material costs and other expenses associated with our business. Additionally, our business model, brand, and reputation depend in part on the ability to find ethically sourced materials, which could further increase prices.
Previous wording
Manufacturing of battery cells, modules, and packs is a capital-intensive process that requires a significant investment in buildings, equipment, and components of the manufacturing process. Investment in high-tech equipment could allow FREYR to be more flexible in responding to customer needs and specifications, and could allow for more efficient manufacturing operations, however, such equipment can be expensive to purchase, install, and maintain. The cost of purchasing or constructing manufacturing operations is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties both within and beyond FREYR’s ability to control. This can include, but is not limited to, inflationary pressures on costs, increased commodity pricing for building materials such as steel, and increased global logistics costs.
Current wording
Manufacturing of PV solar modules is a capital-intensive process that requires a significant investment in buildings, equipment, and components of the manufacturing process. Investment in high-tech equipment could allow us to be more flexible in responding to customer needs and specifications and could allow for more efficient manufacturing operations, however, such equipment can be expensive to purchase, install, and maintain. The cost of purchasing or constructing manufacturing operations is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties both within and beyond our ability to control. These risks include, but are not limited to, inflationary pressures on costs, increased commodity pricing for building materials such as steel, and increased global logistics costs.
Previous wording
Given the competitive nature of the market FREYR operates in, it is unlikely that increases in expenses can be passed on to customers, thus substantial increases in the prices for FREYR’s raw materials or components could materially and adversely affect FREYR’s business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows.
Current wording
Substantial increases in the prices for our raw materials or components could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows.
Previous wording
FREYR’s current and expected use of joint ventures and other collaborative arrangements subjects FREYR to various risks and uncertainties.
Current wording
Our expected use of joint ventures and other collaborative arrangements subjects us to various risks and uncertainties.
Previous wording
FREYR has in the past entered into, and anticipates in the future entering into, joint ventures or other collaboration arrangements with various partners with expertise in raw material supply, component manufacturing, battery cell manufacturing, battery modules and packs, and other synergistic proficiencies. However, there can be no assurance that FREYR will be able to consummate such joint ventures or other arrangements or that such arrangements will provide the expected benefits to FREYR. Joint venture arrangements have in the past and may in the future require FREYR, among other things, to pay certain costs, make certain capital investments, or seek the joint venture partner’s consent to take certain actions. In addition, if a joint venture partner is unable or unwilling to meet its economic or other obligations under the joint venture arrangements, FREYR may be required to either fulfill those obligations alone or dissolve and liquidate the joint venture. As a result, such joint ventures and collaborative arrangements could have a material adverse effect on FREYR’s business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows.
Current wording
We have in the past entered into, and anticipate in the future entering into, joint ventures or other collaboration arrangements with various partners with expertise in raw material supply, component manufacturing and other synergistic proficiencies. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to consummate such joint ventures or other arrangements or that such arrangements will provide the expected benefits to us. Joint venture arrangements have in the past and may in the future require us, among other things, to pay certain costs, make certain capital investments, or seek the joint venture partner’s consent to take certain actions. In addition, if a joint venture partner is unable or unwilling to meet its economic or other obligations under the joint venture arrangements, we may be required to either fulfill those obligations alone or dissolve and liquidate the joint venture. As a result, such joint ventures and collaborative arrangements could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows.
Previous wording
FREYR’s business plan includes operations in various international markets, including the U.S., Norway, and Europe, and eventual expansion into other international markets. Conducting and launching operations on an international scale requires close coordination of activities across multiple jurisdictions, time zones, currencies, and legal systems, which consumes significant management resources. International sales and operations entail a variety of risks, including challenges in:
Current wording
Our business plan includes operations in various international markets, including the United States, Norway, and Europe. Conducting and launching operations on an international scale requires close coordination of activities across multiple jurisdictions, time zones, currencies, and legal systems, which consumes significant management resources. International sales and operations entail a variety of risks, including challenges in:
Previous wording
Any of the above challenges could favor local companies or could result in delivery delays, significant taxes, or other burdens for FREYR. If FREYR fails to coordinate and manage these activities effectively, its business, financial condition, revenues, operating results, and cash flows could be adversely affected.
Current wording
Any of the above challenges could favor local companies or could result in delivery delays, significant taxes, or other burdens. If we fail to coordinate and manage these activities effectively, our business, financial condition, revenues, operating results, and cash flows could be adversely affected.
Previous wording
In addition, the corporate structure of FREYR and its subsidiaries with entities in several jurisdictions such as the U.S., Norway, Luxembourg, Finland, and the Cayman Islands, is subject to tax risk in addition to the challenges described above. The expected tax treatment of FREYR and its subsidiaries relies on current tax laws and regulations, as well as certain tax treaties between several jurisdictions. As such, unexpected changes, interpretation, application, or enforcement practices of the legislative or regulatory requirements of such tax laws, including but not limited to, changes in the treatment of sales and net income (losses) earned in various jurisdictions, transfer pricing between related parties, tax treaty protections and provisions, value added taxes, recognition of tax law principles, and other changes in corporate tax law, could have a material adverse effect on FREYR’s business, financial condition, revenues, operating results, and cash flows.
Current wording
In addition, our corporate structure and our subsidiaries with entities in several jurisdictions such as the United States, Norway, Luxembourg, Finland, and the Cayman Islands, are subject to tax risk in addition to the challenges described in the risk factor “Doing business internationally creates operational, financial, and tax risks.” The expected tax treatment of us and our subsidiaries relies on current tax laws and regulations, as well as certain tax treaties between several jurisdictions. As such, unexpected changes, interpretation, application, or enforcement practices of the legislative or regulatory requirements of such tax laws, including but not limited to, changes in the treatment of sales and net income (losses) earned in various jurisdictions, transfer pricing between related parties, tax treaty protections and provisions, value added taxes, recognition of tax law principles, and other changes in corporate tax law, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, revenues, operating results, and cash flows.
Previous wording
FREYR relies on information technology and any failure, inadequacy, interruption, or security lapse of that technology, including any cybersecurity incidents, could harm its ability to operate its business effectively.
Current wording
Our business relies on information technology and any failure, inadequacy, interruption, or security lapse of that technology, including any cybersecurity incidents, could harm our ability to operate our business effectively.
Previous wording
Organized crime, government-backed threat actors, and hackers may be able to penetrate FREYR’s network or systems, misappropriate or compromise its confidential information or that of third parties, create system disruptions, corrupt data, or cause shutdowns. Using different tools and methodologies the threat actors may be able to deploy malware that attacks FREYR’s systems or FREYR supplier’s systems, or otherwise exploits any security vulnerabilities of FREYR’s facilities and equipment. Such vulnerabilities in FREYR’s systems can also occur due to a lack of robustness, quality, integrity, and holistic architecture in the digital systems as a whole. While FREYR employs a number of technical, organizational, and physical protective measures, these measures have in the past and may in the future fail to prevent or detect all attacks on or weaknesses in its systems.
Current wording
Organized crime, government-backed threat actors, and hackers may be able to penetrate our network or systems, misappropriate or compromise our confidential information or that of third parties, create system disruptions, corrupt data, or cause shutdowns. Using different tools and methodologies the threat actors may be able to deploy malware that attacks our systems or our suppliers’ systems, or otherwise exploits any security vulnerabilities of our facilities and equipment. Such vulnerabilities in our systems can also occur due to a lack of robustness, quality, integrity, and holistic architecture in the digital systems as a whole. While we employ a number of technical, organizational, and physical protective measures, these measures may in the future fail to prevent or detect all attacks on or weaknesses in our systems.
Previous wording
In addition, FREYR’s hardware and software, including third-party components and software, may contain defects in design or manufacture, including “bugs”, security vulnerabilities, and other problems that could unexpectedly interfere with FREYR’s security or operations. The costs to FREYR to eliminate or mitigate cyber or other security problems, bugs, viruses, worms, malware, and security vulnerabilities could be significant and, if its efforts to address these problems are not successful, could result in interruptions, delays, cessation of service, and loss of existing or potential customers that may impede its manufacturing, sales, distribution, or other critical functions.
Current wording
In addition, our hardware and software, including third-party components and software, may contain defects in design or manufacture, including “bugs”, security vulnerabilities, and other problems that could unexpectedly interfere with our security or operations. The costs to eliminate or mitigate cyber or other security problems, bugs, viruses, worms, malware, and security vulnerabilities could be significant and, if our efforts to address these problems are not successful, could result in interruptions, delays, cessation of service, and loss of existing or potential customers that may impede our manufacturing, sales, distribution, or other critical functions.
Previous wording
FREYR manages and stores various proprietary, sensitive, and confidential information and data relating to its business as well as from its suppliers and customers. Breaches this information and data by FREYR or any third party due to insufficient security measures, accidental loss, inadvertent disclosure, or unapproved dissemination, including incidents as a result of fraud, trickery, or other forms of deception, could expose FREYR or its customers or suppliers to a risk of loss or misuse of this information.
Current wording
We manage and store various proprietary, sensitive, and confidential information and data relating to our business as well as from our suppliers and customers. Breaches of this information and data by us or any third party due to insufficient security measures, accidental loss, inadvertent disclosure, or unapproved dissemination, including incidents as a result of fraud, trickery, or other forms of deception, could expose us or our customers or suppliers to a risk of loss or misuse of this information.
Previous wording
Any claim that FREYR’s facilities, equipment, products, or systems are subject to cybersecurity risk or data breaches, whether legitimate or not, could have a material adverse effect on FREYR’s business, financial condition, revenues, operating results, and cash flows.
Current wording
Any claim that our facilities, equipment, products, or systems are subject to cybersecurity risk or data breaches, whether legitimate or not, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, revenues, operating results, and cash flows.
Previous wording
To the extent FREYR experiences cybersecurity incidents in the future, its relationships with its customers and suppliers may be materially impacted, its brand and reputation may be harmed and it could incur substantial costs in responding to and remediating the incidents and in resolving any investigations or disputes that may result, any of which could have a material adverse effect on FREYR’s business, financial condition, revenues, operating results, and cash flows. In addition, the cost and operational consequences of implementing and adding further data protection measures could be significant.
Current wording
To the extent we experience cybersecurity incidents in the future, our relationships with our customers and suppliers may be materially impacted, our brand and reputation may be harmed and we could incur substantial costs in responding to and remediating the incidents and in resolving any investigations or disputes that may result, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, revenues, operating results, and cash flows. In addition, the cost and operational consequences of implementing and adding further data protection measures could be significant.
Previous wording
FREYR may face significant challenges with respect to information security as well as maintaining the security and integrity of its systems, other systems used in its business, and the data stored on or processed by these systems. FREYR’s information and data can include FREYR or third-party confidential information, personal information, and other information and data. Because FREYR’s business relies on confidential data from third parties, any compromise of that data, or perception that any such compromise has occurred, could materially affect FREYR’s business and reputation. Advances in technology, an increased level of sophistication and expertise of hackers, new discoveries in the field of cryptography, or other factors can result in a compromise or breach of the systems and security measures used in FREYR’s business to protect information and data.
Current wording
We may face significant challenges with respect to information security as well as maintaining the security and integrity of our systems, other systems used in our business, and the data stored on or processed by these systems. Our information and data can include our or third-party confidential information, personal information, and other information and data. Because our business relies on confidential data from third parties, any compromise of that data, or the perception that any such compromise has occurred, could materially affect our business and reputation. Advances in technology, an increased level of sophistication and expertise of hackers, new discoveries in the field of cryptography, or other factors can result in a compromise or breach of the systems and security measures used in our business to protect information and data.
Previous wording
FREYR’s ability to conduct its business and operations depends on the continued operation of information technology and communications systems, including systems that may be acquired or developed in the future. Systems used in FREYR’s business, including data centers and other information technology systems, are vulnerable to damage or interruption. Such systems could be subject to break-ins, sabotage, and intentional acts of vandalism, as well as disruptions and security incidents as a result of non-technical issues, including both intentional and inadvertent acts or omissions by employees, service providers, or others. FREYR utilizes outsourced service providers and consultants and these companies face similar security and system disruption risks as FREYR. Some of the systems used in FREYR’s business will not be fully redundant, and its disaster recovery planning cannot account for all eventualities. Any data security incidents or other disruptions to data centers or other systems used in FREYR’s business could result in lengthy interruptions in its service.
Current wording
Our ability to conduct our business and operations depends on the continued operation of information technology and communications systems, including systems that may be acquired or developed in the future. Systems used in our business, including data centers and other information technology systems, are vulnerable to damage or interruption. Such systems could be subject to break-ins, sabotage, and intentional acts of vandalism, as well as disruptions and security incidents as a result of non-technical issues, including both intentional and inadvertent acts or omissions by employees, service providers, or others. We utilize outsourced service providers and consultants and these companies face similar security and system disruption risks as us. Some of the systems used in our business will not be fully redundant, and our disaster recovery planning cannot account for all eventualities. Any data security incidents or other disruptions to data centers or other systems used in our business could result in lengthy interruptions in its service.
Previous wording
Significant capital and other resources may be required in efforts to protect against information security breaches, security incidents, and system disruptions, or to alleviate problems caused by actual or suspected information security breaches and other data security incidents and system disruptions. The resources required may increase over time as the methods used by hackers and others who are engaged in online criminal activities or who seek to obtain unauthorized access to or disrupt systems and data, are increasingly sophisticated and constantly evolving. Any failure or perceived failure by FREYR or its service providers to prevent information security breaches, security incidents, system disruptions, or any compromise of security, that results in or is perceived or reported to result in unauthorized access to, loss, theft, alteration, release, or transfer of information or data of FREYR or third parties could harm FREYR’s reputation. Such actual or perceived events could also expose FREYR to legal claims, regulatory investigations and proceedings, fines, penalties, and other liabilities and could divert the efforts of FREYR’s technical and management personnel, require FREYR to incur significant costs to investigate or remediate, by putting in place additional tools and devices designed to prevent such incidents in the future.
Current wording
Significant capital and other resources may be required in efforts to protect against information security breaches, security incidents, and system disruptions, or to alleviate problems caused by actual or suspected information security breaches and other data security incidents and system disruptions. The resources required may increase over time as the methods used by hackers and others who are engaged in online criminal activities or who seek to obtain unauthorized access to or disrupt systems and data, are increasingly sophisticated and constantly evolving. Any failure or perceived failure by us or our service providers to prevent information security breaches, security incidents, system disruptions, or any compromise of security, that results in or is perceived or reported to result in unauthorized access to, loss, theft, alteration, release, or transfer of information or data of our or third parties could harm our reputation. Such actual or perceived events could also expose us to legal claims, regulatory investigations and proceedings, fines, penalties, and other liabilities and could divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel, require us to incur significant costs to investigate or remediate, by putting in place additional tools and devices designed to prevent such incidents in the future.
Previous wording
Any financial or economic crisis, or perceived threat of such a crisis, could affect FREYR’s business.
Current wording
Any financial or economic crisis, or perceived threat of such a crisis, could affect our business.
Previous wording
In recent years, the global economies suffered dramatic downturns as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, a deterioration in credit markets and the related financial crisis, political conflicts and unrest, such as the regional violence in Ukraine and the Middle East, as well as a variety of other factors. This has resulted in, among other impacts, inflationary pressures, increased energy prices, volatility in security prices, diminished liquidity and credit availability, and rating downgrades and declining values of certain investments. The U.S. and certain other governments have taken unprecedented actions in an attempt to address and rectify these extreme market and economic conditions by providing liquidity and stability to the financial markets. The return of adverse economic conditions may negatively impact the demand for FREYR’s battery cells and may negatively impact FREYR’s ability to raise capital, on acceptable terms or at all.
Current wording
In recent years, the global economies suffered dramatic downturns as a result of worldwide pandemics and public health crises, a deterioration in credit markets and the related financial crisis, political conflicts and unrest, such as the regional violence in Ukraine and the Middle East, as well as a variety of other factors. This has resulted in, among other impacts, inflationary pressures, increased energy prices, volatility in security prices, diminished liquidity and credit availability, and rating downgrades and declining values of certain investments. The U.S. and certain other governments have taken actions in an attempt to address and rectify these extreme market and economic conditions by providing liquidity and stability to the financial markets. The return of adverse economic conditions may negatively impact the demand for our PV solar modules and may negatively impact our ability to raise capital, on acceptable terms or at all.
Previous wording
If FREYR is unable to attract and retain key employees and qualified personnel and add significant staff, it could negatively impact its ability to operate its business and achieve its growth plans.
Current wording
If we are unable to attract and retain key employees and qualified personnel and add significant staff, it could negatively impact our ability to operate our business and achieve our growth plans.
Previous wording
FREYR’s success depends on its ability to attract and retain key personnel, including its executive officers, as well as qualified sales, marketing, manufacturing, plant operations, and support personnel. Additionally, FREYR’s success depends on the ability to attract and retain personnel in highly technical positions including research and development, battery technology, and engineering. To build and staff its manufacturing facilities, FREYR will need to hire, train, and retain a considerable number of qualified and experienced operators and managers. The successful integration of these operators and their families in Coweta County, Georgia, will involve several challenges, including securing work permits for international employees and long commute times from the major population center where it is easier to find relevant jobs for spouses and private and international schooling options for families with school aged children. The failure to add and retain sufficient staffing for its plants and operations could have a material adverse effect on FREYR’s business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows.
Current wording
Our success depends on our ability to attract and retain key personnel, including our executive officers, as well as qualified sales, marketing, manufacturing, plant operations, and support personnel. To build and staff our manufacturing facilities, we will need to hire, train, and retain a considerable number of qualified and experienced operators and managers. The successful integration of these operators and their families in Wilmer, Texas or in future locations will involve several challenges, including securing work permits for international employees. The failure to add and retain sufficient staffing for our plants and operations could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows.
Previous wording
If FREYR is unable to protect its intellectual property rights, including its licensing rights to third-party intellectual property, its business and competitive position would be harmed.
Current wording
If we are unable to protect our intellectual property rights, including our licensing rights to third-party intellectual property, our business and competitive position would be harmed.
Previous wording
FREYR seeks to establish and protect intellectual property rights through nondisclosure and invention assignment agreements with its employees and consultants, and through nondisclosure agreements with business partners and other third parties. Despite FREYR’s efforts to protect its proprietary rights, third parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain and use FREYR’s intellectual property. Monitoring unauthorized use of FREYR’s intellectual property will be difficult and costly, and the steps FREYR has taken, and will take in the future, to prevent misappropriation may not be sufficient. Any of FREYR’s enforcement efforts, including litigation, could be time-consuming and expensive and could divert management’s attention. In addition, existing intellectual property laws and contractual remedies may afford less protection than needed to safeguard FREYR’s intellectual property. Failure to adequately protect such intellectual property could result in competitors offering similar products, potentially resulting in the loss of FREYR’s competitive advantage, which could have a material adverse effect on FREYR’s business, financial condition, revenues, operating results, and cash flows.
Current wording
We seek to establish and protect intellectual property rights through nondisclosure and invention assignment agreements with our employees and consultants, and through nondisclosure agreements with business partners and other third parties. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, third parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain and use our intellectual property. Monitoring unauthorized use of our intellectual property will be difficult and costly, and the steps we have taken, and will take in the future, to prevent misappropriation may not be sufficient. Any of our enforcement efforts, including litigation, could be time-consuming and expensive and could divert management’s attention. In addition, existing intellectual property laws and contractual remedies may afford less protection than needed to safeguard our intellectual property. Failure to adequately protect such intellectual property could result in competitors offering similar products, potentially resulting in the loss of our competitive advantage, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, revenues, operating results, and cash flows.
Previous wording
FREYR has not established or protected, and may not be able to establish, adequately protect, or prevent unauthorized use of any material intellectual property developed or owned by FREYR. Patent, copyright, trademark, and trade secrecy laws vary significantly throughout the world. A number of countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of European countries or the U.S. Failure to establish, adequately protect, or prevent unauthorized use of FREYR’s intellectual property rights could result in its competitors using the intellectual property to offer similar products, potentially resulting in the loss of FREYR’s competitive advantage, which could have a material adverse effect on FREYR’s business, financial condition, revenues, operating results, and cash flows.
Current wording
We have not established or protected, and may not be able to establish, adequately protect, or prevent unauthorized use of any material intellectual property developed or owned by us. Patent, copyright, trademark, and trade secrecy laws vary significantly throughout the world. A number of countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the U.S. or Europe. Failure to establish, adequately protect, or prevent unauthorized use of our intellectual property rights could result in our competitors using the intellectual property to offer similar products, potentially resulting in the loss of our competitive advantage, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, revenues, operating results, and cash flows.
Previous wording
For FREYR to establish or adequately protect its intellectual property and prevent or stop infringement, FREYR may have to file infringement claims. Such claims can be time-consuming and costly to assert and there can be no assurance that any such claims will be successful. Policing unauthorized use of intellectual property is difficult and costly, and FREYR may not successfully prevent the misappropriation of its proprietary rights. Unauthorized use of intellectual property may damage FREYR’s reputation, decrease the value of such property, and reduce its market share.
Current wording
For us to establish or adequately protect our intellectual property and prevent or stop infringement, we may have to file infringement claims. Such claims can be time-consuming and costly to assert and there can be no assurance that any such claims will be successful. Policing unauthorized use of intellectual property is difficult and costly, and we may not successfully prevent the misappropriation of our proprietary rights. Unauthorized use of intellectual property may damage our reputation, decrease the value of such property, and reduce our market share.
Previous wording
Loss of key personnel may also create a risk that such personnel may exploit knowledge, information, and know-how to the detriment of FREYR, and/or that FREYR may face difficulties to operate its technology or business methods as a result of the loss of such personnel. FREYR cannot be assured that its know-how and trade secrets will provide FREYR with any competitive advantage, as the know-how and trade secrets may become known to, or be independently developed by, others including FREYR’s competitors, regardless of measures FREYR may take to try to preserve the confidentiality. FREYR cannot give assurance that its measures for preserving its trade secrets and confidential information are sufficient to prevent others from obtaining such information.
Current wording
Loss of key personnel may also create a risk that such personnel may exploit knowledge, information, and know-how to the detriment of us, and/or that we may face difficulties in operating our technology or business methods as a result of the loss of such personnel. We cannot be assured that our know-how and trade secrets will provide us with any competitive advantage, as the know-how and trade secrets may become known to, or be independently developed by, others including our competitors, regardless of measures we may take to try to preserve confidentiality. We cannot give assurance that our measures for preserving our trade secrets and confidential information are sufficient to prevent others from obtaining such information.
Previous wording
FREYR may need to defend itself against intellectual property infringement claims, which may be time-consuming and could cause it to incur substantial costs.
Current wording
We may need to defend against intellectual property infringement claims, which may be time-consuming and could cause us to incur substantial costs.
Showing the first 40 of 84 pairs. Open the source sections for the rest.
Rearranged current paragraphs (3)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
•Our ability to construct and equip manufacturing facilities in a timely and cost-effective manner;
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
•The costs of raw materials, components, equipment, and machinery;
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
•Commercial or contractual disputes, warranty claims, and other legal proceedings;
Rearranged previous paragraphs (2)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Doing business internationally creates operational, financial, and tax risks for FREYR’s business.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Claims for indemnification by FREYR’s directors and officers may reduce FREYR’s available funds to satisfy successful third-party claims against FREYR and may reduce the amount of money available to FREYR.