Vivakor, Inc.
For the period ended Mar 31, 2026. Filed May 20, 2026.
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A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Mar 31, 2026 · Filed May 20, 2026
VIVK$0.50+34.1%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2025-09-30; filed 2025-11-19.
0001829126-25-009311
ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2026-03-31; filed 2026-05-20.
0001829126-26-005497
ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 128 previous paragraphs and 87 current paragraphs.
27 unchanged; 9 reworded; 51 added; 85 removed; 7 previous and 0 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 9 previous and 6 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (51)
Current report
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Current report
Vivakor, Inc. (“Vivakor” or the “Company”) is an integrated provider of midstream services and environmental solutions within the oil and gas industry. The Company operates through three reportable segments: transportation and logistics, terminaling and storage services, and supply and trading. These segments support the movement, storage, and marketing of crude oil and related hydrocarbon products across key producing regions, including the Permian Basin and mid-continent regions.
Current report
The Company’s transportation and logistics segment includes trucking and pipeline transportation operations for, including the Omega Gathering Pipeline in Blaine County, Oklahoma, which serves as a direct connect to the Plains STACK Pipeline and provides access to the Cushing, Oklahoma storage hub. The terminaling and storage segment includes crude oil storage and blending facilities in Colorado City, Texas and Delhi, Louisiana. The supply and trading segment purchases, aggregates, markets, and resells crude oil, condensate, natural gas liquids, and related hydrocarbon products.
Current report
The Company is also developing an environmental services business through the planned deployment of Remediation Processing Centers (“RPCs”), are designed to recover hydrocarbons from oil contaminated soils and related waste streams. The deployment plan begins with the construction of a RPC in Harris County, Texas, currently scheduled for the third quarter of 2026.
Current report
On October 1, 2024, the Company acquired certain entities (the “Endeavor Entities”), expanding its midstream operations. During 2025, the Company completed the sale of certain non-core assets acquired in this transaction as part of a strategic review. On July 30, 2025, the Company sold certain non-core business units of Meridian Equipment Leasing, LLC and Equipment Transport, LLC, both subsidiaries included with the Endeavor Entities, in order to streamline operations and focus on core midstream transportation, terminaling, and environmental processing activities.
Current report
During the first quarter of 2026 and subsequent thereto, the Company continued to pursue additional financing transactions and capital restructuring initiatives intended to support working capital requirements, reduce indebtedness, and support ongoing operations and strategic growth initiatives.
Current report
March 2026 Reverse Stock Split
Current report
On March 24, 2026, the Company effected a 1-for-200 reverse stock split of its common stock pursuant to a Certificate of Amendment to the Company’s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation following shareholder approval obtained at the Company’s Special Meeting held on December 22, 2025.
Current report
Private Financing Transaction (the “Financing”)
Current report
Convertible Promissory Notes
Current report
The following summary of the Notes does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the forms of SPA and Notes filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
Current report
On May 8, 2026, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “SPA”) with certain institutional investors providing for the issuance of convertible promissory notes (the “Notes”) with aggregate gross proceeds to the Company of up to $12.0 million, before fees and expenses, in two closings. The Notes have an aggregate principal amount of $15.0 million, reflecting a $3.0 million original issue discount of 20%.
Current report
The initial closing occurred on May 8, 2026, pursuant to which the Company received $6.0 million in gross proceeds. A second closing for an additional $6.0 million remains subject to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part and other customary closing conditions pursuant to the terms of the SPA and the Note.
Current report
The Notes are convertible into shares of the Company’s Common Stock at a conversion price equal to the greater of $0.37 per share and 80% of the lowest daily volume weighted average price (“VWAP”) of the Company’s common stock during the five trading days immediately preceding conversion.
Current report
Conversions under the Notes are generally subject to a 4.99% beneficial ownership limitation, which may be waived upon notice by the applicable holder. In addition, absent shareholder approval, conversions are limited to the extent necessary to comply with Nasdaq’s 19.99% issuance limitation.
Current report
The Notes contain customary events of default, including payment and covenant defaults, which may result in acceleration of amounts due under the notes and certain additional default-related remedies, including an increase in the outstanding principal amount upon the occurrence of certain events of default.
Current report
The Company agreed to register for resale shares issuable upon conversion of the Notes, and this prospectus forms part of the related registration statement.
Current report
RBW Capital Partners LLC, a division of Dawson James Securities, Inc., acted as placement agent in connection with the Financing.
Current report
Standby Equity Purchase Agreement
Current report
The following summary of the Standby Equity Purchase Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the form of the Standby Equity Purchase Agreement filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
Current report
On May 8, 2026, the Company entered into a standby equity purchase agreement (the “SEPA”) with an institutional investor (the “SEPA Investor”) providing for the potential purchase by the SEPA Investor of up to $100 million of the Company’s common stock over a 36-month period, subject to the terms and conditions of the SEPA.
Current report
Under the SEPA, the Company may, at its discretion, direct the SEPA Investor to purchase shares of common stock from time to time, subject to specified volume limitations, pricing formulas, and beneficial ownership limitations set forth in the agreement. Shares issued under the SEPA will generally be purchased at a discount to prevailing market prices.
Current report
The Company controls the timing and amount of any sales under the SEPA, subject to the terms and limitations contained in the agreement. Actual sales under the SEPA will depend on a variety of factors, including market conditions, trading prices of the Company’s common stock, and the Company’s capital needs.
Current report
The Company is required to file a separate registration statement covering shares issuable under the SEPA before any sales may occur under the agreement.
Current report
For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, revenues were $19,458,110 and $37,340,291, respectively, representing a decrease of $17,882,181, or 47.89%. The decrease in revenue was primarily attributable to the July 2025 divestiture of Meridian Equipment Leasing, LLC and Equipment Transport, LLC.
Current report
Excluding the impact of the 2025 divestitures, the Company’s earnings and cash flows from its midstream business operations are primarily affected by market conditions, commodity price fluctuations, and crude oil production levels within the Company’s operating regions, which influence throughput volumes, transportation activity, storage utilization, and trading margins.
Current report
For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, cost of revenues was $13,734,880 and $32,581,857, respectively, representing a decrease of $18,846,977, or 57.85%.
Current report
Cost of revenues primarily consists of costs associated with the Company’s transportation and logistics operations, terminaling and storage services, and crude oil supply and trading activities, and generally fluctuates based on operating activity levels, throughput volumes, and commodity trading volumes.
Current report
For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, gross profit was $5,723,230 and $4,758,434, respectively, representing an increase of $964,796, or 20.28%.
Current report
The increase in gross profit was primarily attributable to improved margins within the Company’s core midstream operations, supported by fee-based commercial arrangements and take-or-pay contracts with minimum volume commitments. In addition, the Company’s supply and trading activities continued to contribute meaningful revenues during the quarter, although these activities generally generate lower margins due to the high-volume nature of the business.
Current report
For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, operating expenses were $8,148,496 and $11,200,915, respectively, representing a decrease of $3,052,419, or 27.25%. The decrease in operating expenses was primarily attributable to lower depreciation and amortization expense resulting from the July 2025 divestiture of Meridian Equipment Leasing, LLC and Equipment Transport, LLC, as well as changes in estimated useful lives of certain fixed assets during the 2026 period. These decreases were partially offset by increased legal and accounting expenses and the establishment of an allowance for expected credit losses during the 2026 period.
Current report
Interest Expense
Current report
For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, the Company recognized an unrealized loss on marketable securities of $11,378 and an unrealized gain of $1,652,754, respectively, representing a decrease of $1,664,132.
Current report
The Company’s marketable securities are recorded at fair value based on quoted market prices, with unrealized gains and losses recognized in earnings during the applicable reporting period.
Current report
Revenues generated by the terminaling and storage segment decreased primarily due to reduced throughput and related service activities during the period. Gross profit increased primarily due to improved operating margins supported by fee-based commercial arrangements and take-or-pay contracts with minimum volume commitments.
Current report
Revenues in the transportation and logistics segment decreased primarily due to reduced service activities and a more concentrated customer base following the July 2025 divestiture of certain non-core operations. Gross profit increased primarily due to improved operating margins supported by fee-based commercial arrangements and take-or-pay contracts with minimum volume commitments.
Current report
Revenues in the supply and trading segment increased primarily due to higher volumes under the Company’s crude oil and condensate purchase and resale activities. Gross profit decreased primarily due to the high-volume, low-margin nature of supply and trading activities, as well as commodity price volatility and market pricing differentials affecting crude oil sales during the period.
Current report
Cash Flow
Current report
Operating Activities
Current report
Net cash used in operating activities was approximately $3.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to minimal cash usage during the comparable 2025 period. Operating cash flows during the 2026 period were primarily impacted by the Company’s net loss and working capital changes, including increases in accounts receivable, partially offset by non-cash expenses including depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation, and non-cash interest expense.
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Removed paragraphs (85)
Previous report
Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Previous report
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes a number of forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the “Exchange Act”) that reflect management’s current views with respect to future events and financial performance. These statements are based upon beliefs of, and information currently available to, the Company’s management as well as estimates and assumptions made by the Company’s management. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which are only predictions and speak only as of the date hereof. When used herein, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “future,” “intend,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “target,” “potential,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “continue” or the negative of these terms and similar expressions as they relate to the Company or the Company’s management identify forward-looking statements. Such statements reflect the current view of the Company with respect to future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and other factors, including the risks relating to the Company’s business, industry, and the Company’s operations and results of operations. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should the underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may differ significantly from those anticipated, believed, estimated, expected, intended, or planned.
Previous report
Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, the Company cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. Except as required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the United States, the Company does not intend to update any of the forward-looking statements to conform these statements to actual results.
Previous report
Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). These accounting principles require us to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions. We believe that the estimates, judgments and assumptions upon which we rely are reasonable based upon information available to us at the time that these estimates, judgments and assumptions are made. These estimates, judgments and assumptions can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Our financial statements would be affected to the extent there are material differences between these estimates and actual results. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report. The forward-looking statements made in this report are based only on events or information as of the date on which the statements are made in this report. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, after the date on which the statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. You should read this report and the documents we refer to in this report and have filed as exhibits to this report completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect.
Previous report
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, or performance. Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made by us in this report and in our other reports filed with the SEC. We undertake no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events or changes in the future operating results over time except as required by law. We believe that our assumptions are based upon reasonable data derived from and known about our business and operations. No assurances are made that actual results of operations or the results of our future activities will not differ materially from our assumptions.
Previous report
As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and unless otherwise indicated, the terms “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Vivakor, Inc., its wholly owned and majority-owned active subsidiaries, or joint ventures (collectively, the “Company”). Intercompany balances and transactions between consolidated entities are eliminated. We have the following direct and indirect wholly-owned or majority-owned active subsidiaries: Endeavor Crude, LLC, a Texas limited liability company (since October 1, 2024), Silver Fuels Processing, LLC, a Texas limited liability company (since October 1, 2024), Meridian Equipment Leasing, LLC, a Texas limited liability company (from October 1, 2024 to July 30, 2025), CPE Gathering Midcon (since October 1, 2024), LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Equipment Transport, LLC, a Pennsylvania limited liability company (from October 1, 2024 to July 30, 2025), Gonzales Oilfield Truck & Equipment, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, ET EmployeeCo, LLC, a Pennsylvania limited liability company, Silver Fuels Delhi, LLC, a Louisiana limited liability company, White Claw Colorado City, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, Vivaventures Remediation Corp., a Texas corporation, Vivaventures Management Company, Inc., a Nevada corporation, Vivaventures Oil Sands, Inc., a Utah corporation, Vivakor Supply & Trading, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, Vivakor Administration, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, Vivakor Midstream, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, Vivakor Operating, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, Vivakor Transportation, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, and VM Facilities, LLC, a Texas limited liability company. We have a 99.95% ownership interest in VivaVentures Energy Group, Inc., a Nevada Corporation; the 0.05% minority interest in VivaVentures Energy Group, Inc. is held by a private investor unaffiliated with us. We also have an approximate 49% ownership interest in Vivakor Middle East Limited Liability Company and Vivakor Company Limited Liability Company, both Qatar limited liability companies. Vivakor manages and consolidates RPC Design and Manufacturing LLC, which includes a non-controlling interest investment from VivaOpportunity Fund, LLC, which is also managed by VivaVentures Management Company, Inc.
Previous report
Vivakor, Inc. (“Vivakor” or the “Company”) is a socially responsible operator, acquirer and developer of technologies and assets in the oil and gas industry, as well as related environmental solutions. Beginning in the third quarter of 2025, the Company revised its segment structure to better reflect the way management evaluates operating performance and allocates resources. As a result, the Company now reports three operating and reportable segments, transportation and logistics, terminaling and storage services, and supply and trading, compared with two segments reported in prior periods. The change primarily reflects the growth and increased operational significance of our supply and trading activities and enhances transparency into our operating performance. These segments work together to support the reliable movement of crude oil from production areas to key market hubs across the Permian Basin, Eagle Ford Basin, and mid-continent regions.
Previous report
Our transportation and logistics services include the trucking and pipeline transportation of crude oil and related hydrocarbon products. Trucking operations are based in the DJ Basin, the STACK play in Central Oklahoma, and the Permian and Eagle Ford Basins in Texas, where our crude-oil trucking fleet transports volumes from production sites to our terminaling, storage, and blending facilities. We also operate the 45-mile Omega Gathering Pipeline in Blaine County, Oklahoma, which connects to the Plains STACK Pipeline and provides direct access to the Cushing, Oklahoma storage hub. These assets offer flexible and scalable crude-oil movement solutions that support our terminaling and supply activities across multiple producing regions.
Previous report
Our terminaling and storage segment includes crude oil facilities in Colorado City, Texas, and Delhi, Louisiana, strategically located hubs at major pipeline intersections that support the receipt, handling, blending, storage, and distribution of crude oil and petroleum products. These terminals play a critical role in our midstream network and support our supply and trading activities.
Previous report
Our supply and trading segment enhances our commercial reach by purchasing, aggregating, marketing and reselling crude oil, condensate, natural gas liquids and related hydrocarbon products. Operating as a core component of our integrated midstream platform, the segment connects production, transportation, terminaling, and end-market delivery.
Previous report
The Company is also investing in future growth through the development of Remediation Processing Centers (“RPCs”), with our first facility under construction at the San Jacinto River & Rail Park in Harris County, Texas. Once operational, the RPC is expected to process oilfield solid wastes into economically valuable byproducts such as condensate, propane, and butane and will include an adjacent truck wash facility. The remediation segment will be reported separately and incorporated into operations upon commencement of commercial activity.
Previous report
Overall, our business strategy is centered on building an integrated midstream and environmental services platform that supports operational efficiency, enhances market access for customers, and positions the Company for long-term growth.
Previous report
On October 1, 2024, we acquired Endeavor Crude, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, Equipment Transport, LLC, a Pennsylvania limited liability company, Meridian Equipment Leasing, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, and Silver Fuels Processing, LLC, a Texas limited liability company (collectively with their subsidiaries, the “Endeavor Entities”), making those entities wholly-owned subsidiaries, which gave us operations in several different areas of the midstream oil and gas industry. Our management and Board of Directors is currently reviewing all aspects of the Endeavor Entities’ assets and operations, including the synergies they have with our pre-acquisition operations and the debt related to certain of those assets and operations. In the event our management and Board of Directors determines some of those assets or operations do not fit organizationally with our other assets and operations then we may seek strategic alternatives with those certain assets and/or operations.
Previous report
On July 30, 2025, we sold all of the issued and outstanding limited liability company membership interests in Meridian Equipment Leasing, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, and Equipment Transport, LLC, a Pennsylvania limited liability company (the “Water Trucking Sale”), pursuant to that certain Membership Interest Purchase Agreement of even date therewith by and between Vivakor Transportation, LLC, as Seller, and Jorgan Development, LLC, as Buyer (the “Water Trucking Sale Agreement”), in exchange for $11,058,235 USD paid in 11,058 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of Vivakor, Inc., which shares will no longer be considered outstanding or be entitled to the relevant annual dividend. The Buyer of such entities is controlled by James Ballengee, our Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer. The sale was subject to a one-time post-closing purchase price adjustment based on the sold subsidiaries’ financial results as reflected on Vivakor’s Form 10-Q Quarterly Report for the period ended June 30, 2025, however, no adjustment was required, and the consideration remained unchanged. Prior to consummating the Water Trucking Sale, we transferred certain assets and liabilities between companies and certain affiliates (namely James Ballengee and entities he controls) to comply with pre-existing debt covenants, facilitate crude oil trucking operations, and minimize potential operational disruption to our crude oil-focused businesses. In connection with the Water Trucking Sale, and among other agreements as further set forth in the Water Trucking Sale Agreement, (i) affiliates of Vivakor, and the Ballengee Family Office Affiliates, amended and restated that certain Transition Services Agreement dated October 1, 2024, to account for new and additional services to be provided by various parties thereto, (ii) the parties amended and restated that certain Secured Promissory Note dated August 15, 2022, by and between Vivakor, as Borrower, and Jorgan Development, LLC, as Lender, reducing the payments to Lender thereunder from ninety-nine percent (99%) of Monthly Free Cash Flow, as defined therein, to fifty percent (50%) of Monthly Free Cash Flow, and (iii) Mr. Ballengee and certain Ballengee Family Office Affiliates voluntarily suspended the right to receive dividends and distributions upon Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of Vivakor, Inc. held by them for the period from August 1, 2025 to January 1, 2026.
Previous report
As previously reported, on March 17, 2025, the Company, issued a junior secured convertible promissory note (the “Initial Note”) to J.J. Astor & Co. (the “Lender”), in the principal amount of $6,625,000 (the “Principal Amount”), in relation to a Loan and Security Agreement by and between the Company, its subsidiaries, and the Lender (the “Loan Agreement”). The Company received $5,000,000, before fees. The Company received the funds on March 18, 2025.
Previous report
Beginning in September 2025 and continuing through November 18, 2025, the Lender delivered multiple conversion notices pursuant to the terms of the Initial Note. In aggregate, the Lender converted $4.05 million of outstanding principal into approximately 34.5 million shares of the Company’s common stock at contractually discounted conversion prices. Each issuance was made without a Rule 144 restrictive legend based on legal opinions obtained by the Company and its transfer agent.
Previous report
In addition to the above issuances, on October 2, 2025 the Company issued the Lender 250,000 shares due as Commitment Shares under the Initial Note.
Previous report
As previously reported, on July 9, 2025, the Company entered into a Forbearance and Amendment to Loan Agreement and Note with the Lender, which amended the terms of the Loan Agreement, Initial Note and RRA (the “First Forbearance Agreement”). Under the terms of the First Forbearance Agreement, the Lender agreed to loan us additional funds under a Second Junior Secured Promissory Note (the “Second Note”) and agreed to forbear any default under the Initial Note in exchange for certain consideration. The information regarding this transaction was filed in a Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on July 21, 2025.
Previous report
On October 8, 2025, the Company entered into a Second Forbearance and Amendment to Loan Agreement and Notes, which amended the terms of the Loan Agreement, Initial Note, the RRA, the Second Note and the First Forbearance Agreement (the “Second Forbearance Agreement”). Under the terms of the Second Forbearance Agreement: (i) the Lender agreed to loan us an additional amount up to $2,450,000, (ii) the Outstanding Principal Amount of the Initial Note was $2,259,319.89 and the Outstanding Principal Balance on the Second Note was $5,685,805.13 on the Forbearance Agreement Effective Date, (iii) the Lender provided notice of default to the under the Second Note, thereby accelerating all amounts due thereunder, (iv) the Lender agreed the Company was not in default of the Initial Note, Second Note or other Transaction Documents effective September 30, 2025 and to forbear declaring an Event of Default going forward and accelerating all amounts due under the Initial Note and the Second Note, subject to the Company complying with the terms of the Second Forbearance Agreement, (v) all amounts due under the Initial Note and the Second Note, with any accrued interest, will be due on or before November 30, 2025, (vi) interest under the Initial Note and Second Note will continue at the default interest rate of 19%, (vii) the conversion terms under the Initial Note and Second Note will remain on the Default Conversion Price under those instruments, and (viii) the Lender agreed to a standstill period until November 30, 2025, during which time the Lender will not declare an event of default or accelerate any payment obligations under the Initial Note or the Second Note, so long at the Company (a) pays interest at the Default Interest Rate on the Initial Note and the Second Note, (b) issues the Third Note to the Lender, and (c) pays in full all past due payments on the Initial Note and the Second Note on or before November 30, 2025.
Previous report
In connection with the Second Forbearance Agreement the Lender agreed to loan the Company up to an additional $2,450,000. On October 9, 2025, the Company entered and Lender into an Additional Junior Secured Convertible Note (the “Third Note”), under which the Company agreed to issue the Lender the Third Note in the principal amount of $1,620,000, with the Company receiving proceeds of $1,152,000 before subtracting $53,000 for legal fees and origination fees. The Company is obligated to repay the principal amount, plus any interest, in forty-two equal installment payments of $38,572. The Company received the first funds from the Third Note on October 9, 2025 with the remainder received on October 10, 2025. As additional consideration for the Second Forbearance Agreement and the Third Note, the Company agreed to issue the Lender 286,000 shares of its common stock for $286 (the “Commitment Shares”).
Previous report
As previously reported, on August 12, 2025, the Company issued a convertible promissory note to a non-affiliated accredited investor (the “Holder”), in the aggregate principal amount of $647,500 in connection with a Securities Purchase Agreement entered into by and between the Company and the Holder (the “SPA”). The Company received $550,000 in exchange for issuing the note. In connection with the issuance of the note, the Company agreed to issue the Holder 82,500 shares of its common stock as additional incentive to enter into the SPA and the note. The Company issued the shares with a restrictive legend on October 8, 2025.
Previous report
The Pre-Funded Warrants are immediately exercisable and may be exercised at a nominal consideration of $0.001 per share of Common Stock at any time until all of the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised in full.
Previous report
The Pre-Funded Warrants contain ownership limitations pursuant to which a holder does not have the right to exercise any portion of their warrants if it would result in the holder (together with its affiliates) beneficially owning more than 4.99% (or, upon election by the holder prior to the issuance of any warrants, 9.99%) of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock.
Previous report
In connection with the Offering, the Company also entered into a placement agency agreement (the “Placement Agency Agreement”) with D. Boral Capital LLC (the “Placement Agent”), pursuant to which the Company paid the Placement Agent (i) a cash fee equal to 7% of the aggregate gross proceeds of the Offering, (ii) one percent (1.0%) of the gross proceeds of the Offering for non-accountable expenses, and (iii) reimbursed the Placement Agent for certain expenses and legal fees.
Previous report
The Common Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrants and the shares of Common Stock underlying the Pre-Funded Warrants were offered pursuant to a “shelf” registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-269178) that was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) on February 10, 2023 and a prospectus supplement dated October 16, 2025, which was filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Previous report
On October 22, 2025, Vivakor Supply & Trading, LLC (“VST”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a Physical Commodity Intermediation Agreement (the “Intermediation Agreement”) with a single non-affiliated wholesaler, pursuant to which VST the wholesaler will provide credit support, including but not limited to letters of credit, surety bonds, cash deposits, and/or guarantees to sellers of physical commodities as an intermediary of VST for commodity trading activities, with a total availability up to $40 million in combined credit support to be extended from time to time.
Previous report
On October 17, 2025, the Company entered into a Settlement Agreement (the “Samuelson Settlement Agreement”) with James Samuelson (“Samuelson”), in order to settle claims made by Samuelson that he was not paid for work performed for the Company, which claims formed the basis of a lawsuit entitledJames Samuelson v. Vivakor, Inc., James Ballengee, et al., Case No. 30-2025-01496877-CU-OE-CJC (Sup. Ct. Orange Cty., Cal.—July 14, 2025) (the “Samuelson Lawsuit”). Under the terms of the Samuelson Settlement Agreement the Company is obligated to pay Samuelson $100,000 on or before January 30, 2026, and issue Samuelson shares of its common stock as follows: (i) $400,000 worth of shares on October 24, 2025, (ii) $400,000 worth of stock on November 3, 2025, (iii) $400,000 worth of stock on November 13, 2025, and (iv) $350,000 worth of stock on November 24, 2025 (together, the “Samuleson Shares”). The Samuelson Shares will be issued unrestricted under the Company’s 2023 Equity Incentive Plan and registered on a Form S-8 Registration Statement and valued with an issuance price equal to a 20 percent discount of the average of the lowest 5 VWAPs over the prior 15 trading days prior to each issuance date. The sale of the Samuelson Shares by Samuelson is subject to a Leak-Out Agreement, under which Samuelson cannot, in any 24-hour period, sell the Samuelson Shares in an amount representing more than the greater of (i) the total aggregate daily net proceeds from the sale of shares equaling $25,000; (ii) 10% of the 90-day average trading volume; or (iii) 10% of any given days’ trading volume as reported by Bloomberg, LP on the applicable day. As a result of the Samuelson Settlement Agreement, all dates and deadlines related to the Samuelson Lawsuit have been taken off calendar by the Court, which will retain jurisdiction of the Samuelson Lawsuit through the final payment of the Samuelson Settlement Agreement consideration.
Previous report
On October 30, 2025, the Company entered into a second securities purchase agreement (the “Second Purchase Agreement”) the Purchasers, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell to the Purchasers in a registered direct offering (A) an aggregate of 10,600,000 shares (the “Second Offering Shares”) of Common Stock, of the Company, at an offering price of $0.18 per share, and (B) 3,566,666 pre-funded warrants (the “Second Pre-Funded Warrants”) in lieu of shares of Common Stock, at an offering price of $0.179 (such registered direct offering, the “Second Offering”) for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $2.55 million, before deducting the Second Offering expenses payable by the Company, including the Placement Agent’s commissions and fees. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the Second Offering for working capital and general corporate purposes. The Second Offering closed on October 31, 2025.
Previous report
The Second Pre-Funded Warrants are immediately exercisable and may be exercised at a nominal consideration of $0.001 per share of Common Stock at any time until all of the Second Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised in full.
Previous report
The Second Pre-Funded Warrants contain ownership limitations pursuant to which a holder does not have the right to exercise any portion of their warrants if it would result in the holder (together with its affiliates) beneficially owning more than 4.99% (or, upon election by the holder prior to the issuance of any warrants, 9.99%) of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock.
Previous report
In connection with the Second Offering, the Company also entered into a placement agency agreement (the “Second Placement Agency Agreement”) with Placement Agent, pursuant to which the Company paid the Placement Agent (i) a cash fee equal to 7% of the aggregate gross proceeds of the Second Offering, (ii) one percent (1.0%) of the gross proceeds of the Second Offering for non-accountable expenses, and (iii) reimbursed the Placement Agent for certain expenses and legal fees.
Previous report
The Second Common Shares, the Second Pre-Funded Warrants and the shares of Common Stock underlying the Second Pre-Funded Warrants were offered pursuant to a “shelf” registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-269178) that was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) on February 10, 2023 and a prospectus supplement dated October 30, 2025, which was filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Previous report
On November 5, 2025, the Company entered into a Settlement Agreement (the “Nelson Settlement Agreement”) with Tyler Nelson (“Nelson”), in order to settle claims made by Nelson that he was not paid for work performed for the Company, which claims formed the basis of a lawsuit entitled Tyler Nelson v. Vivakor, Inc., et al., Case No. 30-2025-01503021-CU-OE-CJC (Sup. Ct. Orange Cty., Cal.—Aug. 11, 2025) (the “Nelson Lawsuit”). Under the terms of the Nelson Settlement Agreement the Company is obligated to pay Nelson as full satisfaction of all alleged wage losses and alleged non-wage damages: (i) $250,000 on or before November 5, 2026, (ii) $100,000 within 30 days from the date of the Nelson Settlement Agreement, (iii) $100,000 within 60 days from the date of the Nelson Settlement Agreement, and (iv) $1,550,000 within 90 days from the date of the Nelson Settlement Agreement. The Company paid Nelson the initial $250,000 payment. Nelson was formerly the Company’s Chief Financial Officer and a Director. As a result of the Nelson Settlement Agreement, all dates and deadlines related to the Nelson Lawsuit have been taken off calendar by the Court, which will retain jurisdiction of the Nelson Lawsuit through the final payment of the Nelson Settlement Agreement consideration.
Previous report
On November 10, 2025, the Company entered into a Transition Agreement (the “Transition Agreement”) with Patrick Knapp (“Knapp”), the Company’s former Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, related to Knapp’s resignation from all positions he holds with the Company. Under the terms of the Transition Agreement the Company is obligated to pay Knapp as full satisfaction of all alleged wages owed, bonuses, severance, unpaid benefits, etc. and any alleged non-wage damages: (i) $50,000 on the date of the Transition Agreement, (ii) $50,000 on or before December 31, 2025, and (iii) $100,000 worth of the Company’s common stock within three (3) trading days from the date of the Transition Agreement, which shares will be priced per share based on the average closing price for the three (3) prior exchange-traded days. If requested by Knapp, the Company is obligated to issue Knapp additional shares of common stock until Knapp receives $100,000 from the sale of the common stock if he does not receive that amount from the sale of the initial shares. The shares will be issued unrestricted under the Company’s 2023 Equity Incentive Plan as registered on a Form S-8 Registration Statement.
Previous report
On November 10, 2025, Knapp resigned from this position as Secretary of the Company. As a result, the Board of Directors appointed Kimberly Hawley as the Company’s Secretary, effective November 10, 2025. Ms. Hawley is currently also the Company’s Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer.
Previous report
Our chief operating decision maker uses segment gross profit as the primary measure of performance for evaluating operating results and making decisions regarding the allocation of capital and resources. The change in segment structure aligns our external reporting with the manner in which management now views and manages the business following the expansion of our commercial and trading platform.
Previous report
The change in reportable segments did not impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements for prior periods other than reclassifications to conform prior period segment information to the current presentation.
Previous report
For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 we realized revenues of $16,981,385 and $15,916,423, respectively, representing an increase of $1,064,962 or 6.7%. The increase in revenue is primarily attributed to higher activity within our transportation and logistics and terminaling and storage services segments realized through the operations of our newly acquired Endeavor Entities’ businesses, which were acquired through our business combination, which closed on October 1, 2024.
Previous report
For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, our cost of revenues consisted primarily of costs associated with selling the purchase and sale of crude oil and related hydrocarbon products as well as the operations from our newly acquired businesses in transportation and logistics and terminaling and storage services, which was acquired through our business combination which closed on October 1, 2024.
Previous report
For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, costs of revenue were $12,261,886 and $14,190,073, respectively, representing a decrease of $1,928,187 or 13.59%. The decrease in the cost of revenue is primarily attributed to the cost of goods sold for our transportation and logistics and terminaling and storage services segments realized through the operations from our newly acquired Endeavor Entities’ businesses, which were acquired through our business combination, which closed on October 1, 2024.
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Reworded paragraphs (9)
Previous wording
On October 16, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with institutional investors (the “Purchasers”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell to the Purchasers in a registered direct offering (A) an aggregate of 8,417,645 shares (the “Shares”) of common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), of the Company, at an offering price of $0.2164 per share, and (B) 14,689,851 pre-funded warrants (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”) in lieu of shares of Common Stock, at an offering price of $0.2154 (such registered direct offering, the “Offering”) for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $5 million, before deducting Offering expenses payable by the Company, including the Placement Agent’s commissions and fees. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the Offering for working capital and general corporate purposes. The Offering closed on October 17, 2025.
Current wording
The Company intends to use proceeds from the Financing for working capital, debt reduction, and general corporate purposes.
Previous wording
Beginning in the third quarter of 2025, we revised our segment reporting structure to better reflect how the chief operating decision maker evaluates performance and allocates resources across the business. Historically, we reported two operating segments: crude oil transportation and terminaling and storage services. In August 2024, we launched supply and trading activities, and during the third quarter of 2025, management determined that these activities had expanded sufficiently in scope and scale to meet the criteria for a reportable operating segment under ASC 280. As a result, beginning with this quarterly period, we now report three operating segments: transportation and logistics, terminaling and storage services, and supply and trading. Revenue generated from supply and trading were previously reported under Terminaling and Storage in 2025 and Product Revenue in 2024.
Current wording
Beginning in the third quarter of 2025, the Company revised its segment reporting structure to better reflect how the chief operating decision maker evaluates performance and allocates resources across the business. The Company now reports three operating and reportable segments: transportation and logistics, terminaling and storage services, and supply and trading. Revenue generated from supply and trading were previously reported under Terminaling and Storage and Transportation and Logistics in the first two quarters of 2025.
Previous wording
The results discussed below reflect the updated segment structure for all current-period activity. Prior-period segment information has been recast, where applicable, to conform to the current presentation.
Current wording
The Company’s chief operating decision maker evaluates segment performance primarily based on segment gross profit. Prior-period segment information has been recast, where applicable, to conform to the current presentation.
Previous wording
For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we realized total interest expense of $14,439,961 and $641,244, which represents an increase of $13,798,717, or 2,152%. The increase was primarily driven by refinancing and forbearance arrangements entered into during the period, which resulted in the recognition of unamortized original issue discount and deferred financing cost write-offs, along with default-related fees. Interest expense also increased due to finance lease and debt obligations assumed in the acquisition of the Endeavor Entities on October 1, 2024, as well as the effects of the Maxus Capital Group forbearance agreement.
Current wording
For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, total interest expense, including related-party interest expense, was $2,013,411 and $1,184,198, respectively, representing an increase of $829,213, or 234.85%. The increase in interest expense was primarily attributable to refinancing and forbearance arrangements entered into during the period, including the amortization of original issue discounts, deferred financing costs, and default-related fees. Interest expense also increased due to finance lease and debt obligations assumed in connection with the acquisition of the Endeavor Entities on October 1, 2024.
Previous wording
The following table sets forth the primary sources and uses of cash and cash equivalents for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 as presented below:
Current wording
The following table sets forth the primary sources and uses of cash and cash equivalents for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 as presented below:
Previous wording
The Company did not capitalize any interest during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $1.0 million of capitalized interest during the same period in 2024. Although the Company had no firm contractual commitments for capital expenditures as of September 30, 2025, management anticipates approximately $1.5 million of additional expenditures related to the continued development of its Texas remediation and wash plant facilities.
Current wording
Although the Company had no firm contractual commitments for capital expenditures as of March 31, 2026, management expects to continue investing in the development of its Texas remediation and wash plant facilities as market conditions and available capital permit.
Previous wording
Our contractual obligations as of September 30, 2025 for operating lease liabilities are for office warehouse space, land, and truck yards, which leases end in 2026, except for a land lease which ends in 2042. Contractual payments under operating lease obligations as of September 30, 2025 are as follows:
Current wording
Our contractual obligations as of March 31, 2026 for operating lease liabilities are for office warehouse space, land, and truck yards, which leases end in 2026 through 2028. Contractual payments under operating lease obligations as of March 31, 2026 are as follows:
Previous wording
Interest rate risk is the potential for reduced net interest income and other rate-sensitive income resulting from adverse changes in the level of interest rates. We do not have variable interest rate-sensitive income agreements. We do have financing arrangements that were issued on August 1, 2022 as consideration for the business combination and acquisition of SFD and WCCC, in which the three year notes have variable interest rates based on the prime rate, which exposes us to further interest expense if the prime rate increases.
Current wording
Interest rate risk is the potential for reduced net interest income and other rate-sensitive income resulting from adverse changes in the level of interest rates. We do not have variable interest rate-sensitive income agreements. We do have financing arrangements that were issued on August 1, 2022 as consideration for the business combination and acquisition of SFD and WCCC, in which notes have variable interest rates based on the prime rate, which exposes us to further interest expense if the prime rate increases.
Previous wording
There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and the use of estimates from these disclosures reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 filed with the SEC on April 15, 2025.
Current wording
Except for revisions to the estimated useful lives of certain property and equipment disclosed in Note X to the condensed consolidated financial statements, there have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies or use of estimates from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 filed with the SEC on April 15, 2026.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (7)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Results of Consolidated Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Unrealized Gain/Loss on Marketable Securities
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Segment Operating Results for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Operating Results of our Terminaling and Storage Segment:
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Operating Results of our Transportation Logistics Segment:
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Operating Results of our Supply and Trading Segment:
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Our contractual obligations as of September 30, 2025 for finance lease liabilities are for certain land, property, plant, and equipment, which leases end in 2025. Finance lease obligations as of September 30, 2025 are as follows: