NEONC TECHNOLOGIES HOLDINGS, INC.
For the period ended Mar 31, 2026. Filed May 15, 2026.
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A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Mar 31, 2026 · Filed May 15, 2026
NTHI$3.49+9.1%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2025-09-30; filed 2025-11-14.
0001829126-25-009210
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2026-03-31; filed 2026-05-15.
0001829126-26-005358
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 85 previous paragraphs and 93 current paragraphs.
41 unchanged; 17 reworded; 35 added; 23 removed; 4 previous and 0 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 41 previous and 38 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (35)
Current report
Asset Acquisition
Current report
In October 2025, the Company paid $500,000 to McMaster University pursuant to a Patent Purchase Agreement, and U.S. Patent No. 11,788,057 B2 (the “Patent”) was formally assigned effective October 8, 2025. The Patent covers proprietary technologies combining 3D bioprinting, artificial intelligence, and quantum modeling that are designed to enable the creation of patient-derived three-dimensional brain tumor models for high-throughput preclinical drug screening.
Current report
We have concluded that there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for at least one year from the date of issuance of the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Current report
Research and Development Expenses
Current report
Legal and Professional Expenses
Current report
General and Administrative Expenses
Current report
Stock Based Compensation
Current report
Interest Expense
Current report
Interest expense primarily relates to the convertible debt entered into in 2025, which contained an original issue discount (“OID”) factor on the original principal amount, which was repaid in January 2026. The Company also had interest expense related to the outstanding litigation settlements.
Current report
Advisory fees
Current report
Advisory fees principally represent amounts due AFH Holdings, a related party, for their services in recapitalizing the Company.
Current report
Gain (Loss) on Change in Fair Value of Derivative Liability
Current report
Research and Development Expenses
Current report
Legal and Professional Expenses
Current report
Legal and professional expenses were $1,188,220 and $957,545 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The increase of $230,675 was primarily attributable to investment banking fees and incremental legal and audit fees incurred in connection with the preparation and filing of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, our Registration Statement on Form S-3, and related prospectus supplement.
Current report
General and Administrative Expenses
Current report
General and administrative expenses were $488,709 and $849,485 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The decrease of $360,776 was primarily driven by a reduction in marketing and advertising expense in connection with the direct public listing, as well as a reduction of rent, travel, and other costs incurred in Q1 2025 in pursuit of the Middle East deal.
Current report
Stock Based Compensation
Current report
Stock-based compensation expense, which is a non-cash expense, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 resulted from the ongoing recognition of the grant date fair value of restricted stock over the applicable service periods. Stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 included the recognition of expense from the original grant dates of certain restricted stock through the Listing Date that occurred on March 26, 2025, reflecting a cumulative catch-up upon removal of the listing contingency, in addition to amortization of the grant date fair value of those shares of restricted stock over their respective service periods following the Listing Date. Since stock-based compensation is a non-cash item, it does not affect our cash position or our cash used in operating activities.
Current report
Advisory fee expense, primarily to a related party, was $1,360,000 and $11,737,806 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Advisory fee expense for the three months ended March 31, 2026 consisted of fees incurred for advisory services related to our capital financing arrangements pursuant to a letter of intent with AFH (see Note 4). Advisory fee expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was substantially comprised of the $11,328,565 fee earned upon the Listing Date on March 26, 2025 in accordance with the AFH advisory agreement.
Current report
Interest Expense
Current report
Interest and other Grant Income
Current report
Interest and grant income was $52,319 and $51,699 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Interest and other grant income for the three months ended March 31, 2026 related primarily to interest earned on our money market account and grant income pursuant to the two NIH grants which commenced in late 2025. Interest and other income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 related primarily to interest earned on our money market account.
Current report
Amortization of Debt Issuance Costs
Current report
Amortization of debt issuance costs was $192,165 and $167,951 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Amortization of debt issuance costs in both periods primarily reflected the ongoing amortization of debt issuance costs associated with (i) the warrants issued in connection with the line of credit with HCWG and (ii) the offering costs related to the equity purchase agreement with Mast Hill Fund, LP.
Current report
Gain on Change in Fair Value of Derivative Liability
Current report
Gain on change in fair value of derivative liability was $2,801 and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The derivative liability is created from the settlement feature embedded in the Company’s equity line of credit agreement with Mast Hill Fund, LP. Under the agreement, shares of common stock are purchased at a discount due to the five-day settlement period between the commitment date and the issuance date. This discount feature creates a variable settlement mechanism that is required to be accounted for as a derivative liability. The gain represents the change in fair value of this derivative liability from each draw under the agreement through the corresponding settlement date. There were no draws under the equity purchase agreement during the three months ended March 31, 2025, and no related loss was recognized in that period.
Current report
Other Income (Expense)
Current report
Other expense was $644,601 and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Other expense for the three months ended March 31, 2026 consisted of penalties and interest accrued in connection with the unremitted income tax withholdings on shares of common stock that were withheld from recipients upon the vesting of shares of restricted stock to satisfy the recipients’ tax obligations. As of March 31, 2026, the Company had not remitted such withholding taxes to the applicable taxing authorities, and accordingly the Company has accrued penalties and interest, which is included within accrued expenses in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Current report
During the three months ended March 31, 2026, net cash used in operating activities was $6,991,773 consisting primarily of our net loss of $8,819,932, offset by stock based compensation of $2,732,397, accretion of original issue discount on the convertible promissory notes of $714,600, amortization of debt issuance of $192,165, amortization of right of use asset of $20,406, amortization of intangible asset of $11,574, and increase in accrued expense of $1,437,582. These were offset by decreases in accrued advisory fee of $1,757,141, accounts payable of $390,550, accounts payable and accrued expenses - related parties of $463,513, and lease liability of $15,760, an increase in prepaid expenses of $650,800, and a gain on change in fair value of derivative liability of $2,801.
Current report
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, cash provided by financing activities was $11,024,372 consisting primarily of proceeds from the sale of common stock of $11,324,372 and proceeds from related party loans of $300,000, offset by repayment of related party loans of $600,000.
Current report
In January 2026, the Company entered into the first of a series of related Securities Purchase Agreements providing for the issuance, in one or more closings, of up to an aggregate of 2,222,222 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase up to 2,222,222 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $9.00 per share, for aggregate gross proceeds of up to approximately $16,000,000. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, we completed closings under three Securities Purchase Agreements for an aggregate of 1,815,528 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 1,815,528 shares of common stock, resulting in gross proceeds of $13,071,808. Subsequent to March 31, 2026, on April 20, 2026, we entered into a fourth Securities Purchase Agreement and completed an additional closing thereunder for an aggregate of 277,777 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 277,777 shares of common stock, resulting in gross proceeds of approximately $2,000,000. The offering of securities under the PIPE Financing terminated on April 30, 2026.
Current report
Stock-Based Compensation
Current report
Common Stock Purchase Warrants
Current report
We consider the valuation of our common stock purchase warrants a critical accounting estimate. The fair value of our warrants is determined using a Monte Carlo Simulation model. The Monte Carlo Simulation model requires significant judgment in the selection of key inputs, including expected volatility, expected term, risk-free interest rate, and the fair value of our common stock. Expected volatility is estimated based on the historical volatility of a peer group of guideline public companies, given our limited trading history as a public company. The expected term reflects, among other factors, our assumptions regarding the likelihood and timing of liquidity events. For warrants with down-round protective provisions, additional judgment is required in modeling the timing, probability, and pricing of assumed future financing events that could trigger an adjustment to the warrant exercise price. Changes in these assumptions, particularly expected volatility, expected term, and stock price, can materially affect the estimated fair value of our warrants and, for liability-classified warrants, our reported results of operations in any given period.
Removed paragraphs (23)
Previous report
On October 11, 2024, the Company entered into an agreement with a broker dealer to serve as placement agent and provide broker services in connection with the proposed sale of common stock up to $10,000,000. Under this agreement, through December 31, 2024, the Company closed on commitments from investors to purchase 625,000 shares of common stock of the Company at $16 per share for total commitments of $10,000,000, which were to be held in escrow until the Company’s registration statement was declared effective. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, prior to the Company having an effective registration statement, the Company closed on an additional commitment to purchase 102,750 shares of common stock of the Company at $16.00 per share, for total commitments of $1,644,000. On March 10, 2025, the Company’s registration statement was declared effective at which time the $11,644,000 in escrow was released to the Company. On March 26, the Company was listed (“Listing”) on the NASDAQ global markets.
Previous report
As a result, we will need substantial additional funding to support our continuing operations and pursue our growth strategy. Until we can generate significant revenue from product sales, if ever, we expect to finance our operations through a combination of public or private equity offerings and debt financings or other sources, such as potential collaboration agreements, strategic alliances and licensing arrangements. We may be unable to raise additional funds or enter into such other agreements or arrangements when needed on acceptable terms, or at all. Our failure to raise capital or enter into such agreements as, and when needed, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Previous report
The report of our independent registered public accounting firm on our financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024 included an explanatory paragraph indicating that there was substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. See Note 1 to our financial statements for additional information on our assessment.
Previous report
Legal and professional expenses were $276,378 and $496,803 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The decrease of $220,425 was primarily due to the completion of the direct listing process which occurred in the first quarter of 2025.
Previous report
General and administrative expenses were $902,985 and $243,659 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase of $659,326 was primary due to a marketing campaign, increased employee headcount and resultant compensation and benefits, rent and travel expenses and expense incurred in pursuit of the Middle East deal.
Previous report
Share based compensation resulted from the granting of RSUs and is the recognition of the expense from the grant date (which included a catch up period from the original date of issuance of the RSU’s through the Listing Date, due to the removal of the contingency which occurred on the Listing Date) during the three months ended September 30, 2025.
Previous report
Interest and other Income
Previous report
Interest income was $6,815 and $12,687 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, relates primarily interest earned on the money market account.
Previous report
Loss on change in fair value of derivative liability was $380,162 and $0 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The loss on settlement is related to the discount offered investors who purchased shares of common stock under the equity line of credit, which commenced in July 2025.
Previous report
Amortization of Debt Issuance and Deferred Offering Costs
Previous report
The amortization of debt issuance costs was approximately $438,111 and $0 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. This represents the amortization of the debt issuance costs associated with the warrants issued for the HCWG line of credit, offering costs relating to the Mast Hill agreement and debt issuance cost associated with the convertible promissory notes.
Previous report
Revenue
Previous report
Legal and professional expenses were $1,754,287 and $1,652,141 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase of $102,146 was primarily due to completion of the direct listing process.
Previous report
General and administrative expenses were $2,736,732 and $973,923 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase of $,762,809 was primary due to amarketing campaign, increased employee headcount and resultant compensation and benefits, rent and travel expenses.
Previous report
Share based compensation resulted from the granting of RSUs and is the recognition of the expense from the grant date (which included a catch up period from the original date of issuance of the RSU’s through the Listing Date, due to the removal of the contingency which occurred on the Listing Date) through September 30, 2025.
Previous report
The advisory fee was earned on the Listing Date March 26, 2025.
Previous report
Interest expense was $1,227,487 and $2,559,456 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The interest for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 relates to the short-term loan in March from a related party in the amount of $300,000 and $146,250 interest for a litigation matter, and the accretion of the convertible note payable of $820,794. The OID interest for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 relates to the OID for the related party bridge loan that was converted into common stock in June of 2024.
Previous report
Amortization of Debt Issuance and Deferred Offering Costs
Previous report
The amortization of debt issuance costs was $798,311 and $0 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. This represents the amortization of the warrants issued for the HCWG line of credit and deferred offering costs relating to the Mast Hill agreement.
Previous report
Loss on change in fair value of derivative liability was $380,162 and $0 for the three months ended September 2025 and 2024, respectively. The loss on settlement is related to the discount offered investors who purchased shares of common stock under the equity line of credit, which commenced in July 2025.
Previous report
During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, net cash used in operating activities was $3,259,512 consisting primarily of our net loss of $9,645,482 less the non-cash charge of the accretion of the original issue discount on the bridge loan in the amount $2,558,241, less the non-cash charge for the loss on extinguishment of convertible debt of $2,069,923 and an increase in accounts payable of $957,162.
Previous report
During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, cash used in financing activities was $4,562,277, consisting primarily of proceeds from the sale of common stock of $4,615,789.
Previous report
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company sold 727,750 shares of common stock at a price of $16.00 per share for gross proceeds of $11,644,005 pursuant to a private placement of its securities, issued 46,000 shares as part of advisory services related to the listing and as part of the private placement fee for our equity line of credit, 162,500 shares were issued for the cashless exercise of warrants and issued 447,527 shares from the sale of shares under the equity line of credit,
Reworded paragraphs (17)
Previous wording
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In addition to historical information, this discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results may differ materially from these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors. For a complete discussion of such risk factors, see the section entitled “Risk Factors”. Capitalized terms used herein, but not otherwise defined, shall have the meaning ascribed to those terms in the “Part I - Financial Information,” including the related notes to the consolidated financial statements contained therein.
Current wording
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto and the discussion under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 (the “Form 10-K”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 2026. In addition to historical financial information, this discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, assumptions, and uncertainties, including statements of our plans, objectives, expectations, intentions, forecasts, and projections. Our actual results and the timing of selected events could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements as a result of several factors, including those set forth under Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” of the Form 10-K, which you should read carefully to gain an understanding of the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements. Capitalized terms used herein, but not otherwise defined, shall have the meaning ascribed to those terms in the “Part I - Financial Information,” including the related notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained therein.
Previous wording
Since its inception, we have incurred significant operating losses. Our net loss was $8,615,920 and $2,184,500, for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $46,622,106 and $9,645,482 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. We had an accumulated deficit of $97,230,551 at September 30, 2025. We expect to continue to incur significant and increasing expenses and operating losses for the foreseeable future, as we advance our current and future product candidates through preclinical and clinical development, manufacture drug product and drug supply, seek regulatory approval for our current and future product candidates, maintain and expand our intellectual property portfolio, hire additional research and development and business personnel and operate as a public company.
Current wording
Since our inception, we have incurred significant operating losses. Our net loss was $8,819,932 and $32,326,016 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. We had an accumulated deficit of $121,574,587 as of March 31, 2026, compared to $112,754,655 as of December 31, 2025. We expect to continue to incur operating losses for the foreseeable future, as we advance our current and future product candidates through preclinical and clinical development, manufacture drug product and drug supply, seek regulatory approval for our current and future product candidates, maintain and expand our intellectual property portfolio, hire additional research and development and business personnel and operate as a public company.
Previous wording
Share based compensation expense result from the recognition of the fair value of restricted stock units (RSU) recorded on a straight-line basis from the date of grant to the date the RSU becomes fully vested.
Current wording
Stock based compensation expense result from the recognition of the fair value of restricted stock recorded on a straight-line basis from the date of grant to the date the restricted stock becomes fully vested.
Previous wording
Interest expense primarily results from the bridge loan and a short-term loan both from related parties. Borrowings under these loans carry a 50% (or 1 times amounts borrowed) original issue discount (“OID”) on principal. The OID to be earned under the bridge loan is recognized ratably over the term of each draw-down under the loan through the maturity date.
Current wording
Interest expense primarily results from the bridge loan and a short-term loan both from related parties. Borrowings under these loans carry a 50% (or 1 times amounts borrowed) original issue discount (“OID”) on principal. The Company also had interest expense related to the convertible debt entered into in 2025, which contained an OID factor on the original principal amount. The OID to be earned under the loan is recognized ratably over the term of each draw-down under the loan through the maturity date.
Previous wording
Loss on change in fair value of derivative liability relates to the fair value of the discount offered to stockholders who purchased shares under the equity line of credit.
Current wording
Gain (loss) on change in fair value of derivative liability relates to the fair value of the discount offered to stockholders who purchased shares under the equity line of credit.
Previous wording
Comparison of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:
Current wording
Comparison of the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
Previous wording
No revenue was generated for fees for a “right to try” humanitarian program during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.
Current wording
No revenue was generated for fees for a “right to try” humanitarian program during the three months ended March 31, 2026. Revenue of $39,990 was generated during the three months ended March 31, 2025 from fees related to a “right to try” humanitarian program.
Previous wording
Research and development expenses were $715,038 and $956,725 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. A portion of these expenses amounting to approximately $12,395 and $416,571 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively are from the University of Southern California (USC), where Dr. Chen is a member of the faculty. The total decrease of $241,686 was primarily due to:
Current wording
Research and development expenses were $1,286,336 and $998,222 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. A portion of these expenses amounting to approximately $38,409 and $103,224 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively are from the University of Southern California (USC), where Dr. Chen is a member of the faculty. The total increase of $288,114 was primarily due to:
Previous wording
Interest expense was $869,815 and $0 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The interest for the three months ended September 30, 2025 relates primarily to the accrued interest for a litigation matter and the accretion of the convertible note payable of $820,794.
Current wording
Interest expense was $982,624 and $308,922 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2026 related to the short-term loan and accrued interest for a litigation matter.
Previous wording
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, net cash used in operating activities was $16,772,777 consisting primarily of our net loss of $46,622,106, offset by share based compensation of $25,964,096, accretion of original issue discounts of $820,794, amortization of assets of $1,161,331 and the accrued advisory fee of $3,675,569. These were offset by decreases in accrued compensation in the amount of $479,775 and prepaid expenses in the amount of $267,161.
Current wording
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, net cash used in operating activities was $5,650,055 consisting primarily of our net loss of $32,326,016, offset by stock based compensation of $17,397,774, accretion of original issue discount on related-party advances of $300,000, amortization of debt issuance costs of $577,192, increase in accrued advisory fee of $8,828,565, and increase in accounts payable – related parties of $628,276. These were offset by an increase in prepaid expenses of $765,738 and a decrease in accrued compensation of $290,108.
Previous wording
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, cash provided by financing activities was $18,221,108 consisting primarily of the sale of common stock of $11,324,522, proceeds from the issuance of the convertible note of $4,000,000 and proceeds from the sales of common stock under the equity line of credit of $3,196,736.
Current wording
During the three months ended March 31, 2026, cash provided by financing activities was $7,071,645 consisting primarily of proceeds from the issuance of common stock and warrants in connection with our PIPE financing of $13,071,783 and proceeds from the sales of common stock under the equity line of credit of $666,528, offset by the repayment of the OID convertible promissory notes of $6,666,667.
Previous wording
Since our inception, we have funded our operations through the sale and issuance of preferred and common stock and debt financing rounds from related and third parties.
Current wording
Since our inception, we have funded our operations through the sale and issuance of common stock and debt financings from related and third parties. Our historical sources of liquidity, including the issuances of common stock under our private placements, sales under the Equity Purchase Agreement with Mast Hill Fund, LP, the line of credit with HCWG, and our convertible debt financings, are described in the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. There have been no material changes to these arrangements during the three months ended March 31, 2026 except as described below.
Previous wording
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. Since our inception, we have not generated any revenue from product sales or any other sources, except humanitarian use, and we have incurred significant operating losses. We have not yet commercialized any products, and we do not expect to generate revenue from sales of any product candidates for a number of years, if ever. As reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, we have incurred recurring net losses since our inception. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company incurred a net loss of $8,615,920 and $46,622,106, respectively, and had an accumulated deficit of $97,230,551 at September 30, 2025. At September 30, 2025, the Company had cash totaling $1,513,224. These factors raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon our ability to raise additional funds and implement our strategies, such as executing additional licensing contracts. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if we are unable to continue as a going concern.
Current wording
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. Since our inception, we have not generated any revenue from product sales or any other sources, except humanitarian use, and we have incurred significant operating losses. We have not yet commercialized any products, and we do not expect to generate revenue from sales of any product candidates for a number of years, if ever. As reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements, we have incurred recurring net losses since our inception. For the three months ended March 31, 2026, we incurred a net loss of $8,819,932, and we had an accumulated deficit of $121,574,587 at March 31, 2026. At March 31, 2026, we had cash totaling $138,601. These factors raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for at least one year from the date of issuance of the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon our ability to raise additional funds and implement our strategies, such as executing additional licensing contracts. The condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if we are unable to continue as a going concern.
Previous wording
The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on us raising additional capital and attaining and maintaining profitable operations in the future to meet our obligations and repay our liabilities arising from normal business operations when they come due. Since inception, we have funded our operations primarily through equity and debt financings and licensing income and we expect to continue to rely on these sources of capital in the future.
Current wording
The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on us raising additional capital and attaining and maintaining profitable operations in the future to meet our obligations and repay our liabilities arising from normal business operations when they come due. Since inception, we have funded our operations primarily through equity and debt financings and licensing income and we expect to continue to rely on these sources of capital in the future. We have the following financing facilities available to us:
Previous wording
No assurance can be given that any future financing will be available or, if available, that it will be on terms that are satisfactory to us. Even if we are able to obtain additional financing, it may contain undue restrictions on our operations, in the case of debt financing, or cause substantial dilution for our shareholders, in the case of equity financing, or grant unfavorable terms in licensing agreements.
Current wording
No assurance can be given that we will be able to draw upon such facilities if needed. Further, no assurance can be given that any future financing will be available or, if available, that it will be on terms that are satisfactory to us. Even if we are able to obtain additional financing, it may contain undue restrictions on our operations, in the case of debt financing, or cause substantial dilution for our stockholders, in the case of equity financing, or grant unfavorable terms in licensing agreements.
Previous wording
We expect to finance our operations over the next 12 months primarily through existing cash balances and the proceeds from the aforementioned private placements and supplemented as necessary by funds available through our Line of Credit Agreement with HCWG and sales under the Equity Purchase Agreement, each as described below. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we may use our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect. Our future capital requirements will depend on a number of factors, including:
Current wording
We intend to finance our operations over the next 12 months primarily through existing cash balances and the proceeds from the funds available through our Line of Credit Agreement with HCWG and sales under the Equity Purchase Agreement, each as described above. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we may use our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect. Our future capital requirements will depend on a number of factors, including:
Previous wording
We account for stock-based compensation, including restricted stock units (RSUs), in accordance with ASC 718. RSUs are measured at fair value on the grant date based on our common stock price and expense over the vesting period. For awards with performance or market conditions, expense is recognized based on the probability of achievement and may be accelerated. We estimate forfeitures based on historical data and adjust these estimates periodically. Changes in forfeiture rates, stock price, or performance assumptions can materially affect stock-based compensation expenses. Management reviews these assumptions quarterly and updates estimates as necessary. We consider the accounting for RSUs a critical estimate due to the judgment involved and its material impact on our financial results.
Current wording
We account for stock-based compensation, including restricted stock, in accordance with ASC 718 (Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation). Shares of restricted stock are measured at fair value on the grant date based on our common stock price and expense over the vesting period. For awards with performance or market conditions, expense is recognized based on the probability of achievement and may be accelerated. We estimate forfeitures based on historical data and adjust these estimates periodically. Changes in forfeiture rates, stock price, or performance assumptions can materially affect stock-based compensation expenses. Management reviews these assumptions quarterly and updates estimates as necessary. We consider the accounting for restricted stock a critical estimate due to the judgment involved and its material impact on our financial results.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (4)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
The following table summarizes our results of operations for the periods presented:
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Revenue was generated for fees for a “right to try” humanitarian program during 2025 and 2024.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
The following table summarizes the components of our research and development expenses for the periods presented:
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Research and development expenses were $2,390,592 and $1,965,726 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. A portion of these expenses amounting to approximately $242,895 and $416,736 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively are from the University of Southern California (USC), where Dr. Chen is a member of the faculty. The total increase of $424,866 was primarily due to: