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Quantum-Si Inc

For the period ended Dec 31, 2025. Filed Mar 3, 2026.

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About this filing

A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.

FY2025 · Filed Mar 3, 2026

QSI$1.37+3.0%Stored close · as of Nov 9, 2026

What changed in Risk Factors?

Read the current filing

Previous report: 10-K

Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-03-03.

0001816431-25-000014

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Current report: 10-K

Period ended 2025-12-31; filed 2026-03-03.

0001816431-26-000011

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.

Compared 294 previous paragraphs and 300 current paragraphs.

265 unchanged; 23 reworded; 9 added; 6 removed; 0 previous and 3 current paragraphs rearranged.

Tables are not compared: 0 previous and 0 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.

A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.

Added paragraphs (9)

Current report

The development and launch of new products may slow or stop existing product revenue in anticipation of superior technology that is pending launch.

Current report

In November 2024, we announced the development of our Proteus platform, which is our next-generation protein sequencing hardware platform that utilizes a brand-new consumable architecture, both of which are anticipated to provide a far superior sequencing data output and analysis compared to our current Platinum Pro platform. Further, throughout 2025, we have provided general development updates, including a comprehensive investor and analyst day update in November 2025 that highlights these significant feature improvements of Proteus, as well as an anticipated on-track commercial launch by the end of 2026. As a result of the development of Proteus and its anticipated capabilities, we may experience customers or potential customers delaying any capital purchases or ongoing consumable purchases in anticipation of the launch of Proteus, potentially negatively affecting our revenue in the near term.

Current report

Our Proteus platform is anticipated to be commercially available by the end of 2026, with an expectation of customer-focused applications and capabilities. If Proteus is not launched within our communicated time frame, or is delivered without the customer-focused applications and capabilities, it could materially impact any potential of long-term financial success and our market credibility.

Current report

Since November 2024, we have provided the overall market periodic updates on our Proteus platform development, including overall development status, initial views on capabilities and output, and indications or potential customer applications, as well as an anticipated commercial launch date by the end of 2026. Development of a new product platform is inherently difficult, and can often experience delays resulting from hardware integration, inability to develop desired customer applications for the commercial launch, unforeseen regulatory issues, hardware supplier challenges or a variety of other challenges impacting a commercial launch. If our Proteus platform experiences a commercial launch delay due to these reasons or other impacts on our development program, it could materially impact any long-term financial success of the Company, and further, materially impact and damage our market credibility, negatively impacting commercial success and company valuation.

Current report

Our use of artificial intelligence and machine learning is subject to evolving laws and regulations and risks associated with unauthorized use, and may not result in the competitive advantages desired, all of which could expose us to competitive risk and legal liability.

Current report

We use artificial intelligence, machine learning and automated decision-making technologies (“AI”) to assist in the performance, efficiency, and speed of various functions at the Company, including, but not limited to, general and administrative activities and research and development.

Current report

The regulatory framework for AI is rapidly evolving as many federal, state and foreign government bodies and agencies have introduced or are currently considering additional laws and regulations for areas including but not limited to consumer protection and transparency, bias and discrimination, intellectual property, employment and use in regulated healthcare devices. Additionally, existing laws and regulations may be interpreted in ways that would affect the operation of AI at the Company. As a result, implementation standards and enforcement practices are likely to remain uncertain for the foreseeable future, and we cannot yet determine the impact future laws, regulations, standards, or market perception of their requirements may have on our business and may not always be able to anticipate how to respond to these laws or regulations. Further, the unauthorized use of AI tools can result in the exposure of sensitive data, including our intellectual property or trade secrets or the personal information of our employees, customers, or other business partners to unauthorized persons or to the public.

Current report

There can be no assurance that we will realize the desired or anticipated benefits from AI, or any at all. Our use of AI could result in additional compliance costs, regulatory investigations and actions, and lawsuits; and If as a result, we are unable to use AI, it could make our business less efficient, result in competitive disadvantages, and our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be adversely affected.

Current report

In February 2026, the U.S. Supreme Court issued a ruling striking down certain tariffs previously imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (“IEEPA”). Following the Supreme Court’s decision, the U.S. presidential administration announced its intention to invoke other laws to collect tariffs and announced new tariffs on imports from all countries, in addition to any existing non-IEEPA tariffs. There remains substantial uncertainty regarding the duration of existing and newly announced tariffs, potential changes or pauses to such tariffs, tariff levels, and whether further additional tariffs or other retaliatory actions may be imposed, modified, or suspended, and the impacts of such actions on our business. Further, the Supreme Court did not determine whether duties paid under the invalidated tariff structure must be refunded, contributing to the uncertainty of the tariff landscape. We also cannot predict the extent to which other countries will impose duties, tariffs, taxes or other similar restrictions upon the import or export of goods and materials in the future, nor can we predict future U.S. trade policy. These developments, or the perception that any of them could occur, may have a material adverse effect on global economic conditions, and may significantly reduce global trade. These changes could prevent or make it difficult or more expensive for us to obtain the materials or components needed for new products.
Removed paragraphs (6)

Previous report

We are party to Technology and Services Exchange Agreements by and among us and certain affiliated companies, pursuant to which the parties agreed to share personnel and certain non-core technologies. The sharing arrangements under the agreements may prevent us from fully utilizing our personnel and/or the technologies shared under the agreements. Furthermore, if these agreements were to terminate, or if we were to lose access to these technologies and services, our business could be adversely affected.

Previous report

We have entered into Technology and Services Exchange Agreements (the “TSEAs”) by and among us and other participant companies controlled by the Rothberg family, consisting of Butterfly Network, Inc., OrphAI Therapeutics, Inc.,

Previous report

Hyperfine, Inc., 4Bionics LLC, identifeye HEALTH Inc. (f/k/a Tesseract Health, Inc.), Liminal Sciences, Inc. and Detect, Inc. The TSEA with Butterfly Network, Inc. was signed in November 2020, and the TSEA with the remaining participant companies was signed in February 2021 and became effective upon the closing of the Business Combination. Under the TSEAs, we and the other participant companies may, in our or their discretion, permit the use of certain non-core technologies, which include any technologies, information or equipment owned or otherwise controlled by the participant company that are not specifically related to the core business area of the participant, such as software, hardware, electronics, fabrication and supplier information, vendor lists and contractor lists, with the other participant companies. The TSEAs provide that ownership of each non-core technology shared by us or another participant company will remain with the company that originally shared the non-core technology. In addition, any participant company (including us) may, in its discretion, permit its personnel to be engaged by another participant company to perform professional, technical or consulting services for such participant. Unless otherwise agreed to by us and the other participant company, all rights, title and interest in and to any inventions, works-of-authorship, idea, data or know-how invented, made, created or developed by the personnel (employees, contractors or consultants) in the course of conducting services for a participant company (“Created IP”) will be owned by the participant company for which the work was performed, and the recipient participant company grants to the party that had its personnel provide the services that resulted in the creation of the Created IP a royalty-free, perpetual, limited, worldwide, non-exclusive, sub-licensable (and with respect to software, sub-licensable in object code only) license to utilize the Created IP only in the core business field of the originating participant company, including a license to create and use derivative works based on the Created IP in the originating participant’s core business field, subject to any agreed upon restrictions.

Previous report

The technology and personnel-sharing arrangements under the TSEAs may prevent us from fully utilizing our personnel if such personnel are also being used by the other participant companies and may also cause our personnel to enter into agreements with or provide services to other companies that interfere with their obligations to us. Created IP under the TSEAs may be relevant to our business and created by our personnel but owned by the other participant companies. Furthermore, if the TSEAs were to terminate, or if we were to lose access to the technologies and services available pursuant to the TSEAs, our business could be adversely affected.

Previous report

•the federal Civil Monetary Penalties Law, which prohibits, among other things, offering or transferring remuneration to a federal healthcare beneficiary that a person knows or should know is likely to influence the beneficiary’s decision to order or receive items or services reimbursable by the government from a particular provider or supplier;

Previous report

Nasdaq has established continued listing requirements, including a requirement to maintain a minimum closing bid price of at least $1.00 per share. On November 4, 2024, we received written notice from Nasdaq notifying us that, because the closing bid price for our Class A common stock had fallen below $1.00 per share for 30 consecutive business days, and we had no longer met the minimum bid price requirement for continued inclusion on The Nasdaq Global Market pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5450(a)(1) (the “Bid Price Requirement”). In accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A), we had been provided an initial period of 180 calendar days, or until May 5, 2025 (the “Compliance Date”), to regain compliance with the Bid Price Requirement. To regain compliance, the closing bid price of our Class A common stock must be at least $1.00 per share for a minimum of 10 consecutive business days during this 180-calendar day period. If we did not regain compliance with the Bid Price Requirement by the Compliance Date, we may have been eligible for an additional 180-calendar day compliance period. To qualify, we would need to transfer the listing of our Class A common stock to The Nasdaq Capital Market and meet the continued listing requirement for the market value of publicly held shares and all other initial listing standards, with the exception of the Bid Price Requirement. To effect such a transfer, we would also need to pay an application fee to Nasdaq and would need to provide written notice to the Staff of our intention to cure the deficiency during the additional compliance period. On December 5, 2024, we were notified by NASDAQ that we had regained compliance with the closing bid price of $1.00 effective December 4, 2024.
Reworded paragraphs (23)

Previous wording

We are an early-stage life sciences technology company and have incurred significant losses since Quantum-Si was formed in 2013, and expect to continue to incur losses in the future. We incurred net losses of$101.0 million,$96.0 million and$132.4 million in the years ended December 31, 2024,2023 and 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, we had an accumulated deficit of$596.6 million. These losses and accumulated deficit were primarily due to the substantial investments made to develop and improve our technology. Over the next several years, we expect to continue to devote substantially all of our resources towards development and commercialization of our products and research and development efforts for additional products. These efforts may prove more costly than we currently anticipate. In December 2022, we initiated a controlled launch of Platinum for RUO, and to date we have generated limited product revenue and may never generate revenue sufficient to offset our expenses or produce enough cash to sustain operations. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that we will achieve profitability or positive cash flow production in the future or that, if we do become profitable and cash flow positive, we will sustain these levels.

Current wording

We are an early-stage life sciences technology company and have incurred significant losses since Quantum-Si was formed in 2013, and expect to continue to incur losses in the future. We incurred net losses of$101.3 million,$101.0 million and$96.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2025,2024 and 2023, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, we had an accumulated deficit of$698.0 million. These losses and accumulated deficit were primarily due to the substantial investments made to develop and improve our technology. Over the next several years, we expect to continue to devote substantially all of our resources towards development and commercialization of our products and research and development efforts for enhancements to current products, products in development, and additional products. These efforts may prove more costly than we currently anticipate. In December 2022, we initiated a controlled launch of Platinum for RUO, subsequently began a controlled commercial launch of Platinum in January 2023, and then moved to a full commercial launch of Platinum beginning the second quarter of 2024. In January 2025, we announced the launch of our Platinum Pro benchtop sequencer. First shipments of Platinum Pro occurred in March 2025. In addition, in November 2024 we announced the development of a new hardware platform, Proteus TM, with an anticipated commercial launch date at the end of 2026. To date we have generated limited product revenue from our existing products and may never generate revenue from our existing products or future products sufficient to offset our expenses or produce enough cash to sustain operations from our existing products or future products. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that we will achieve profitability or positive cash flow production in the future or that, if we do become profitable and cash flow positive, we will sustain these levels.

Previous wording

Our operations have consumed substantial amounts of cash since inception. We expect to spend substantial additional amounts to continue the commercialization of our products and to develop new products. We expect to use our funds on hand to further develop and commercialize our products, develop new products, and for working capital and general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2024, we had cash and cash equivalents and investments in marketable securities totaling$209.6 million. We expect our cash and cash equivalents and investments in marketable securities will be able to fund our operations for at least the next twelve months. However, this does not reflect the possibility that we may not be able to access a portion of our existing cash and cash equivalents and investments in marketable securities due to market conditions.

Current wording

Our operations have consumed substantial amounts of cash since inception. We expect to spend substantial additional amounts to continue the commercialization of our products and to develop new products. We expect to use our funds on hand to further develop and commercialize our products, develop new products, and for working capital and general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2025, we had cash and cash equivalents and investments in marketable securities totaling$215.8 million. We expect our cash and cash equivalents and investments in marketable securities will be able to fund our operations for at least the next twelve months. However, this does not reflect the possibility that we may not be able to access a portion of our existing cash and cash equivalents and investments in marketable securities due to market conditions.

Previous wording

We commercially launched our first product, Platinum for RUO in December 2022. We are following a three-phase launch plan for commercialization, which includes an early access limited release phase, the current controlled commercial launch phase, and a broad commercial availability phase. Our commercial launch plan may not progress as planned due to:

Current wording

In December 2022, we initiated a controlled launch of Platinum for RUO, subsequently began a controlled commercial launch of Platinum in January 2023, and then moved to a full commercial launch of Platinum beginning the second quarter of 2024. In January 2025, we announced the launch of our Platinum Pro benchtop sequencer. First shipments of Platinum Pro occurred in March 2025. We are following a three-phase launch plan for commercialization, which included an early access limited release phase, a controlled commercial launch phase, and the current broad commercial availability phase, which is intended to drive awareness. Our commercial launch plan may not progress as planned due to:

Previous wording

On February 1, 2025, the President of the United States issued executive orders directing the United States to impose new tariffs on imports from Canada, Mexico and China. Although a portion of these new tariffs have been temporarily suspended, other parts of these new tariffs are now in effect, and it is unclear for how long and to what extent such suspensions will remain in effect. The U.S. has also announced new tariffs on foreign steel and aluminum, with such tariffs taking effect in early March. The U.S. has further raised the possibility of new tariffs on imports from additional countries, including those in Europe. The new tariffs likely will increase the cost of the products we source from these international jurisdictions and affect future shipments from any of our foreign suppliers. We may not be able to pass along increases in tariffs and freight charges, and any alterations we may make to our business strategy or operations to adapt to the foregoing, including sourcing products from suppliers in other countries, would be time consuming and expensive and could adversely impact our business.

Current wording

Throughout 2025 the President of the United States issued executive orders directing the United States to impose new and changing tariffs on imports from many countries throughout the world, including many in which we buy materials and supplies from. These tariffs have increased the cost of the certain products we source from these international jurisdictions and may affect future shipments from any of our foreign suppliers. We may not be able to pass along increases in tariffs and freight charges, and any alterations we may make to our business strategy or operations to adapt to the foregoing, including sourcing products from suppliers in other countries, would be time consuming and expensive and could adversely impact our business.

Previous wording

Geopolitical conflicts, including the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and Israel and Gaza, could adversely impact our operations or those of our suppliers, manufacturers or customers. The extent to which these events impact our operations will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence. If the uncertainty surrounding geopolitical conflicts and in the global marketplace continues, or if we, or any of our suppliers, manufacturers or customers encounter any disruptions to our or their respective operations or facilities, then we or they may be prevented or delayed from effectively operating our or their business, respectively, and the marketing and sale of our products and our financial results could be adversely affected.

Current wording

Geopolitical conflicts could adversely impact our operations or those of our suppliers, manufacturers or customers. The extent to which these events impact our operations will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence. If the uncertainty surrounding geopolitical conflicts and in the global marketplace continues, or if we, or any of our suppliers, manufacturers or customers encounter any disruptions to our or their respective operations or facilities, then we or they may be prevented or delayed from effectively operating our or their business, respectively, and the marketing and sale of our products and our financial results could be adversely affected.

Previous wording

Our anticipated growth will place significant strains on our management, operational and manufacturing systems and processes, sales and marketing team, financial systems and internal controls and other aspects of our business. As of December 31, 2024, we had 143 full-time employees in the United States andsix full-time employees internationally. Our management and other personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of time towards maintaining compliance with these requirements and effectively manage these growth activities. We may face challenges integrating, developing and motivating our employee base. To effectively manage our growth, we must continue to improve our operational and manufacturing systems and processes, our financial systems and internal controls and other aspects of our business and continue to effectively expand, train and manage our personnel. If we do not successfully manage our anticipated growth, our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects will be harmed.

Current wording

Our anticipated growth will place significant strains on our management, operational and manufacturing systems and processes, sales and marketing team, financial systems and internal controls and other aspects of our business. As of December 31, 2025, we had 138 full-time employees in the United States and 7 full-time employees internationally. Our management and other personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of time towards maintaining compliance with these requirements and effectively manage these growth activities. We may face challenges integrating, developing and motivating our employee base. To effectively manage our growth, we must continue to improve our operational and manufacturing systems and processes, our financial systems and internal controls and other aspects of our business and continue to effectively expand, train and manage our personnel. If we do not successfully manage our anticipated growth, our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects will be harmed.

Previous wording

In December 2022, we initiated a controlled launch of Platinum for RUO, and subsequently initiated a full commercial launch at the beginning of the second quarter 2024. If we are able to successfully commercialize our products, we expect that we will generate substantially all of our revenue from the sale of our instruments and consumables. There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully commercialize our products, design other products that will meet the expectations of our customers or that any of our future products will become commercially viable. As technologies change in the future for life sciences research tools in general and in proteomics and genomics technologies specifically, we will be expected to upgrade or adapt our products in order to keep up with the latest technology. To date, we have limited experience simultaneously designing, testing, manufacturing and selling products and there can be no assurance we will be able to do so. Our sales expectations are based in part on the assumption that our products will increase study sizes for our future customers and their associated purchases of our consumables. If sales of our instruments fail to materialize, so will the related consumable sales and associated revenue.

Current wording

In December 2022, we initiated a controlled launch of Platinum for RUO, subsequently began a controlled commercial launch of Platinum in January 2023, and then moved to a full commercial launch of Platinum beginning the second quarter of 2024. In January 2025, we announced the launch of our Platinum Pro benchtop sequencer. First shipments of Platinum Pro occurred in March 2025. If we are able to successfully commercialize our products, we expect that we will generate substantially all of our revenue from the sale of our instruments and consumables. There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully commercialize our products, design other products that will meet the expectations of our customers or that any of our future products will become commercially viable. As technologies change in the future for life sciences research tools in general and in proteomics and genomics technologies specifically, we will be expected to upgrade or adapt our products in order to keep up with the latest technology. To date, we have limited experience simultaneously designing, testing, manufacturing and selling products and there can be no assurance we will be able to do so. Our sales expectations are based in part on the assumption that our products will increase study sizes for our future customers and their associated purchases of our consumables. If sales of our instruments fail to materialize, so will the related consumable sales and associated revenue.

Previous wording

We rely on certain contract manufacturers to manufacture and supply our instruments, components of our instruments, and certain components of our consumable offerings. If these manufacturers should fail or not perform satisfactorily, our ability to commercialize and supply our instruments and consumable offerings would be adversely affected.

Current wording

We rely on certain contract manufacturers to manufacture and supply our instruments, components of our instruments, and certain components of our consumable offerings. If these manufacturers should fail or not perform satisfactorily, or for economic or other reasons choose to end business with us, our ability to commercialize and supply our instruments and consumable offerings would be adversely affected.

Previous wording

In the event it becomes necessary to utilize different contract manufacturers for our products or components of our products, we would experience additional costs, delays and difficulties in doing so as a result of identifying and entering into an agreement with a new manufacturer as well as preparing such new manufacturer to meet the logistical requirements associated with manufacturing our instruments and consumable offerings, and our business would suffer. In addition, if our products are authorized for use by the FDA as medical devices, we will need to contract with FDA-registered device establishments that are able to comply with current Good Manufacturing Practice requirements that are set forth in the Quality System Regulations (“QSR”), unless explicitly exempted by regulation.

Current wording

In the event it becomes necessary to utilize different contract manufacturers for our products or components of our products, we would experience additional costs, delays and difficulties in doing so as a result of identifying and entering into an agreement with a new manufacturer as well as preparing such new manufacturer to meet the logistical requirements associated with manufacturing our instruments and consumable offerings, and our business would suffer. In addition, if our products are authorized for use by the FDA as medical devices, we will need to contract with FDA-registered device establishments that are able to comply with current Good Manufacturing Practice requirements that are set forth in the QSR, unless explicitly exempted by regulation.

Previous wording

We face significant competition in the life sciences technology market. We currently compete with life sciences technology and the diagnostic companies that are supplying components, products and services that serve customers engaged in proteomics analysis. These companies include but are not limited to: Agilent Technologies, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Danaher, Luminex, Merck (and its subsidiary MilliporeSigma) and Thermo Fisher Scientific. We also compete with a number of emerging growth companies that have developed, or are developing, proteomic products and solutions, such as: Nautilus Biotechnology, Olink Proteomics, Quanterix, Seer and Standard BioTools (including its recent acquisition of SomaLogic). Finally, we compete with a number of privately held companies that are developing technology that may compete with our products.

Current wording

We face significant competition in the life sciences technology market. We currently compete with life sciences technology and the diagnostic companies that are supplying components, products and services that serve customers engaged in proteomics analysis. These companies include but are not limited to: Agilent Technologies, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Danaher, Luminex, Merck KGaA (and its subsidiary MilliporeSigma) and Thermo Fisher Scientific. We also compete with a number of emerging growth companies that have developed, or are developing, proteomic products and solutions, such as: Nautilus Biotechnology, Olink Proteomics (acquired by Thermo Fisher Scientific), Quanterix, Seer and SomaLogic (acquired by Illumina, Inc.). Finally, we compete with a number of privately held companies that are developing technology that may compete with our products.

Previous wording

Other than the acquisition of Majelac, to date, the growth of our operations has been organic, and we have limited experience in acquiring other businesses or technologies. We may not be able to successfully integrate acquired personnel, operations and technologies, or effectively manage the combined business following an acquisition. Acquisitions could also result in dilutive issuances of equity securities, the use of our available cash, or the incurrence of debt, which could harm our operating results. In addition, if an acquired business fails to meet our expectations, our operating results, business and financial condition may suffer.

Current wording

We may not be able to successfully integrate acquired personnel, operations and technologies, or effectively manage the combined business following an acquisition. Acquisitions could also result in dilutive issuances of equity securities, the use of our available cash, or the incurrence of debt, which could harm our operating results. In addition, if an acquired business fails to meet our expectations, our operating results, business and financial condition may suffer.

Previous wording

As of December 31, 2024, we had federal net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) to offset future taxable income of approximately $388.3 million, of which $65.5 million will begin to expire in 2033 if not utilized. A lack of future taxable income would adversely affect our ability to utilize these NOLs. In addition, under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), a corporation that undergoes an “ownership change” is subject to limitations on its ability to utilize its pre-change NOLs and other pre-change tax attributes (such as research tax credits) to offset post-change taxable income. For these purposes, an ownership change generally occurs where the equity ownership of one or more stockholders or groups of stockholders who owns at least 5% of a corporation’s stock increases its ownership by more than 50 percentage points over its lowest ownership percentage within a three-year period (calculated on a rolling basis). We have completed an analysis through December 31, 2024 and no such ownership change has occurred. Future changes in our stock ownership, including future offerings, as well as other changes that may be outside of our control, could result in additional ownership changes under Section 382 of the Code. Our NOLs may also be impaired under similar provisions of state law. We have recorded a full valuation allowance related to our NOLs and other deferred tax assets due to the uncertainty of the ultimate realization of the future benefits of those assets.

Current wording

As of December 31, 2025, we had federal net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) to offset future taxable income of approximately$513.1 million, of which$65.5 million will begin to expire in 2033 if not utilized. A lack of future taxable income would adversely affect our ability to utilize these NOLs. In addition, under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), a corporation that undergoes an “ownership change” is subject to limitations on its ability to utilize its pre-change NOLs and other pre-change tax attributes (such as research tax credits) to offset post-change taxable income. For these purposes, an ownership change generally occurs where the equity ownership of one or more stockholders or groups of stockholders who owns at least 5% of a corporation’s stock increases its ownership by more than 50 percentage points over its lowest ownership percentage within a three-year period (calculated on a rolling basis). We have completed an analysis through December 31, 2025 and no such ownership change has occurred. Future changes in our stock ownership, including future offerings, as well as other changes that may be outside of our control, could result in future ownership changes under Section 382 of the Code. Our NOLs may also be impaired under similar provisions of state law. We have recorded a full valuation allowance related to our NOLs and other deferred tax assets due to the uncertainty of the ultimate realization of the future benefits of those assets.

Previous wording

In addition to the limitations discussed above under Sections 382 of the Code, the utilization of NOLs incurred in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017, are subject to limitations adopted by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, as modified by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”). Under the TCJA, in general, NOLs generated in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 may offset no more than 80 percent of such year’s taxable income and there is no ability for such NOLs to be carried back to a prior taxable year. The CARES Act modifies the TCJA with respect to the TCJA’s limitation on the deduction of NOLs and provides that NOLs arising in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2021, may be carried back to each of the five taxable years preceding the tax year of such loss, but NOLs arising in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2020 may not be carried back. In addition, the CARES Act eliminates the limitation on the deduction of NOLs to 80 percent of current year taxable income for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2021. As a result of such limitation, we may be required to pay federal income tax in some future year notwithstanding that we had a net loss for all years in the aggregate.

Current wording

In addition to the limitations discussed above under Sections 382 of the Code, the utilization of NOLs incurred in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017, are subject to limitations adopted by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, as modified by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”). Under the TCJA, in general, NOLs generated in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 may offset no more than 80% of such year’s taxable income and there is no ability for such NOLs to be carried back to a prior taxable year. The CARES Act modifies the TCJA with respect to the TCJA’s limitation on the deduction of NOLs and provides that NOLs arising in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2021, may be carried back to each of the five taxable years preceding the tax year of such loss, but NOLs arising in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2020 may not be carried back. In addition, the CARES Act eliminates the limitation on the deduction of NOLs to 80% of current year taxable income for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2021. As a result of such limitation, we may be required to pay federal income tax in some future year notwithstanding that we had a net loss for all years in the aggregate.

Previous wording

If our research and development program or commercialization program were disrupted by a disaster or catastrophe, the launch of new products and the timing of improvements to our products could be significantly delayed and could adversely impact our ability to compete with other available products and solutions. If we or our third-party manufacturer’s capabilities are impaired, we may not be able to manufacture and ship our products in a timely manner, which would adversely impact our business. Although we possess insurance for damage to our property and the disruption of our business, this insurance may not be sufficient to cover all of our potential losses and may not continue to be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all.

Current wording

If our research and development program or commercialization program were disrupted by a disaster or catastrophe, the launch of new products and the timing of improvements to our products could be significantly delayed and could adversely impact our ability to compete with other available products and solutions. If we or our third-party manufacturer’s capabilities are impaired, we may not be able to manufacture and ship our products in a timely manner, which would adversely impact our business. Although we possess insurance for damage to our property and have limited coverage for disruption of our business, this insurance may not be sufficient to cover all of our potential losses and may not continue to be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all.

Previous wording

If our operations are found to be in violation of any of the healthcare laws or regulations described above or any other healthcare regulations that apply to us, we may be subject to penalties, including administrative, civil and criminal penalties, damages, fines, exclusion from participation in government healthcare programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid, imprisonment, contractual damages, reputational harm, disgorgement and the curtailment or restructuring of our operations.

Current wording

If our operations are found to be in violation of any of the healthcare laws or regulations described above or any other healthcare regulations that apply to us, we may be subject to penalties, including administrative, civil and criminal penalties, damages, fines, exclusion from participation in government healthcare programs, such as Medicare and

Previous wording

Medical product manufacturers’ use of social media platforms presents new risks.

Current wording

Medical product manufacturers’ use of social media platforms could present new risks.

Previous wording

Our potential customer base for future clinical diagnostic applications of our protein sequencing technologies may be active on social media. We intend to engage through those platforms to elevate our national marketing presence, both for our RUO product offerings and any future medical device product offerings. Social media practices in the medical device and biopharmaceutical industries are evolving, which creates uncertainty and risk of non-compliance with regulations applicable to our business. For example, there is a risk of inappropriate disclosure of sensitive information or negative or inaccurate posts or comments about us or our products on any social networking website. If these events were to occur or we otherwise fail to comply with any applicable regulations, we could incur liability, face restrictive regulatory actions or experience other harm to our business.

Current wording

RUO product offerings and any future medical device product offerings. Social media practices in the medical device and biopharmaceutical industries are evolving, which creates uncertainty and risk of non-compliance with regulations applicable to our business. For example, there is a risk of inappropriate disclosure of sensitive information or negative or inaccurate posts or comments about us or our products on any social networking website. If these events were to occur or we otherwise fail to comply with any applicable regulations, we could incur liability, face restrictive regulatory actions or experience other harm to our business.

Previous wording

Third parties, including our competitors, could be infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating our solely owned and/or in-licensed intellectual property rights. Monitoring unauthorized use of intellectual property is difficult and costly. We may not be able to detect unauthorized use of, or take appropriate steps to enforce, our intellectual property rights. From time to time, we seek to analyze our competitors’ products and services, and may in the future seek to enforce our rights based on potential infringement, misappropriation or violation of our intellectual property. However, the steps we will take to protect our intellectual property rights may not be adequate to enforce our rights as against such infringement, misappropriation or violation of our intellectual property. Any inability to meaningfully enforce our intellectual property rights could harm our ability to compete and reduce demand for our products and technologies.

Current wording

We may not be able to detect unauthorized use of, or take appropriate steps to enforce, our intellectual property rights. From time to time, we seek to analyze our competitors’ products and services, and may in the future seek to enforce our rights based on potential infringement, misappropriation or violation of our intellectual property. However, the steps we will take to protect our intellectual property rights may not be adequate to enforce our rights as against such infringement, misappropriation or violation of our intellectual property. Any inability to meaningfully enforce our intellectual property rights could harm our ability to compete and reduce demand for our products and technologies.

Previous wording

Following the Business Combination, there were 3,833,319 outstanding warrants issued in connection with the initial public offering of HighCape (the “Public Warrants”) to purchase 3,833,319 shares of our Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share, which warrants became exercisable on September 9, 2021. In addition, there are 135,000 private placement warrants (the “Private Warrants”) to purchase 135,000 shares of our Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share. In certain circumstances, the Public Warrants and Private Warrants may be exercised on a cashless basis. To the extent such warrants are exercised, additional shares of our Class A common stock will be issued, which will result in dilution to the holders of our Class A common stock and increase the number of shares eligible for resale in the public market. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares in the public market could adversely affect the market price of our Class A common stock, the impact of which is increased as the value of our stock price increases.

Current wording

Following the Business Combination, there were 3,833,319 outstanding warrants issued in connection with the initial public offering of HighCape (the “Public Warrants”) to purchase 3,833,319 shares of our Class A common stock at an exercise price of$11.50 per share, which warrants became exercisable on September 9, 2021. In addition, there are 135,000 private placement warrants (the “Private Warrants”) to purchase 135,000 shares of our Class A common stock at an exercise price of$11.50 per share. In certain circumstances, the Public Warrants and Private Warrants may be exercised on a cashless basis. To the extent such warrants are exercised, additional shares of our Class A common stock will be issued, which will result in dilution to the holders of our Class A common stock and increase the number of shares eligible for resale in the public market. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares in the public market could adversely affect the market price of our Class A common stock, the impact of which is increased as the value of our stock price increases. Both the Public Warrants and Private Warrants expire on June 10, 2026.

Previous wording

There are currently outstanding an aggregate of 3,968,319 warrants to acquire shares of our Class A common stock, which comprise 135,000 Private Warrants held by HighCape’s initial stockholders at the time of HighCape’s initial public offering and 3,833,319 Public Warrants. Each of our outstanding whole warrants is exercisable as of September 9, 2021, for one share of our Class A common stock in accordance with its terms. Therefore, as of December 31, 2024, if we assume that each outstanding whole warrant is exercised and one share of HighCape Class A common stock is issued as a result of such exercise, with payment of the exercise price of $11.50 per share, our fully-diluted share capital would increase by a total of 3,968,319 shares, with approximately $45.6 million paid to us to exercise the warrants.

Current wording

There are currently outstanding an aggregate of 3,968,317 warrants to acquire shares of our Class A common stock, which comprise 135,000 Private Warrants held by HighCape’s initial stockholders at the time of HighCape’s initial public offering and 3,833,317 Public Warrants. Each of our outstanding whole warrants is exercisable as of September 9, 2021, for one share of our Class A common stock in accordance with its terms. Therefore, as of December 31, 2025, if we assume that each outstanding whole warrant is exercised and one share of HighCape Class A common stock is issued as a result of such exercise, with payment of the exercise price of $11.50 per share, our fully-diluted share capital would increase by a total of 3,968,317 shares, with approximately$45.6 million paid to us to exercise the warrants.

Previous wording

So long as more than 50% of the voting power for the election of our directors is held by an individual, a group or another company, we will qualify as a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq listing rules. As of February 26, 2025, Dr. Rothberg controlled 73.4% of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock, including our Class A common stock and Class B common stock. As a result, we are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq corporate governance standards and are not subject to the requirements that would otherwise require us to have: (i) a majority of independent directors; (ii) a compensation committee comprised solely of independent directors; and (iii) director nominees selected, or recommended for our Board’s selection, either by a majority of the independent directors or a nominating committee comprised solely of independent directors.

Current wording

So long as more than 50% of the voting power for the election of our directors is held by an individual, a group or another company, we will qualify as a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq listing rules. As of February 25, 2026, Dr. Rothberg controlled 69.3% of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock, including our Class A common stock and Class B common stock. As a result, we are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq corporate governance standards and are not subject to the requirements that would otherwise require us to have: (i) a majority of independent directors; (ii) a compensation committee comprised solely of independent directors; and (iii) director nominees selected, or recommended for our Board’s selection, either by a majority of the independent directors or a nominating committee comprised solely of independent directors.

Previous wording

Despite regaining compliance on December 4, 2024, there can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain compliance with the Bid Price Requirement or maintain compliance with other Nasdaq requirements in the future. If we are not able to maintain compliance with Nasdaq requirements, our Class A common stock may be delisted from Nasdaq, which could have a material adverse effect on us and our stockholders, including by reducing the liquidity of our shares and having a material adverse effect on our ability to raise capital or complete a strategic transaction.

Current wording

Nasdaq has established continued listing requirements, including a requirement to maintain a minimum closing bid price of at least $1.00 per share. There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain compliance with the Bid Price Requirement or maintain compliance with other Nasdaq requirements in the future. If we are not able to maintain compliance with Nasdaq requirements, our Class A common stock may be delisted from Nasdaq, which could have a material adverse effect on us and our stockholders, including by reducing the liquidity of our shares and having a material adverse effect on our ability to raise capital or complete a strategic transaction.

Previous wording

Shares of our Class B common stock have 20 votes per share, while shares of our Class A common stock have one vote per share. Dr. Rothberg and his affiliates hold all of the issued and outstanding shares of our Class B common stock, and as of February 26, 2025, Dr. Rothberg and his affiliates held 73.4% of the voting power of our capital stock, including our Class A common stock and Class B common stock and is able to control matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election of directors, amendments to our organizational documents and any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of our assets or other major corporate transactions. Dr. Rothberg may have interests that differ from yours and may vote in a way with which you disagree, and which may be adverse to your interests. This concentrated control may have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change in control of us, could deprive our stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their capital stock as part of a sale of us, and might ultimately affect the market price of shares of our Class A common stock. If additional shares of our Class B common stock are issued, your shares and your votes may be significantly diluted.

Current wording

Shares of our Class B common stock have 20 votes per share, while shares of our Class A common stock have one vote per share. Dr. Rothberg and his affiliates hold all of the issued and outstanding shares of our Class B common stock, and as of February 25, 2026, Dr. Rothberg and his affiliates held 69.3% of the voting power of our capital stock, including our Class A common stock and Class B common stock and is able to control matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election of directors, amendments to our organizational documents and any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of our assets or other major corporate transactions. Dr. Rothberg may have interests that differ from yours and may vote in a way with which you disagree, and which may be adverse to your interests. This concentrated control may have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change in control of us, could deprive our stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their capital stock as part of a sale of us, and might ultimately affect the market price of shares of our Class A common stock. If additional shares of our Class B common stock are issued, your shares and your votes may be significantly diluted.
Rearranged current paragraphs (3)

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Medicaid, imprisonment, contractual damages, reputational harm, disgorgement and the curtailment or restructuring of our operations.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Our potential customer base for future clinical diagnostic applications of our protein sequencing technologies may be active on social media. We intend to engage through those platforms to elevate our national marketing presence, both for our

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Third parties, including our competitors, could be infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating our solely owned and/or in-licensed intellectual property rights. Monitoring unauthorized use of intellectual property is difficult and costly.