LENZ Therapeutics, Inc.
For the period ended Jun 30, 2026. Filed Aug 11, 2026.
View on SEC.govAbout this filing
A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Jun 30, 2026 · Filed Aug 11, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2026-03-31; filed 2026-05-11.
0001815776-26-000037
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2026-06-30; filed 2026-08-11.
0001815776-26-000052
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 113 previous paragraphs and 120 current paragraphs.
75 unchanged; 27 reworded; 14 added; 11 removed; 0 previous and 4 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 2 previous and 3 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (14)
Current report
Everest Medicines License and Collaboration Agreement
Current report
In June 2026, Everest Medicines (“Everest”) entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement with CORXEL Pharmaceuticals to acquire the rights to develop, manufacture, and commercialize VIZZ in Greater China. As part of this agreement, the rights and obligations and certain related ancillary agreements under the Everest License entered into by CORXEL in April 2022 were assigned and transferred to Everest. The Company is eligible to receive additional sublicense payments associated with regulatory and sales milestones under the Asset Purchase Agreement, including a $1.3 million upfront payment, for which the Company recognized license revenue during the three months ended June 30, 2026 upon execution of the Asset Purchase Agreement.
Current report
On June 24, 2026, the Company entered into a license and commercialization agreement providing an exclusive license (the “Arrotex License”) to register and commercialize VIZZ for the treatment of presbyopia in Australia and New Zealand. Under the terms of the Arrotex License, we received a $1.0 million nonrefundable, non-creditable upfront payment, and are eligible to receive a mid double-digit profit share of gross margin on future net sales in Australia and New Zealand.
Current report
Launch of New Telehealth Prescribing Option to Accelerate Patient Access to VIZZ
Current report
On July 6, 2026, we announced that VIZZ is now available through a convenient telehealth platform, providing the convenience of an integrated online evaluation by independent licensed eye care providers (“ECPs”), ePharmacy prescription fulfillment and home delivery. Accessible through VIZZ.com, the integrated telehealth platform connects patients with an independent network of licensed eye care professionals who will evaluate patient telehealth eligibility based upon their medical history. Prescriptions will be automatically routed and fulfilled by LENZ’s ePharmacy partner providing a seamless and convenient consumer journey from product interest to home delivery. Launch of the telehealth channel will be promoted alongside the Company’s ‘Tired of Reading Glasses’ campaign featuring brand spokesperson Sarah Jessica Parker through both a national television advertising campaign and digital DTC strategy.
Current report
On June 24, 2026, we and Arrotex Pharmaceuticals Pty Ltd announced an exclusive license and commercialization agreement for Arrotex to register and commercialize VIZZ for the treatment of presbyopia in Australia and New Zealand. Under the terms of the agreement, LENZ received an upfront payment and is eligible to receive a mid double-digit profit share of gross margin on future net sales in Australia and New Zealand.
Current report
Acquisition of Rights to Develop and Commercialize VIZZ in Greater China by Everest Medicines
Current report
On June 7, 2026, we announced that Everest entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement with CORXEL to acquire the rights to develop, manufacture, and commercialize VIZZ in Greater China. We are eligible to receive additional sublicense payments in connection with the execution of the agreement between CORXEL and Everest.
Current report
Comparison of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2026 and 2025
Current report
License Revenue
Current report
License revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2026 was comprised of revenue recognized from the upfront payment under the Lunatus License, sublicense revenue recognized from the upfront payment under the Asset Purchase Agreement to Everest and the achievement of a regulatory milestone under the Théa License. License revenue recognized in the six months ended June 30, 2025 was due to the upfront payment under the Lotus License.
Current report
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $60.4 million, or 253%, to $84.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to $23.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025. Increases in the comparative period included $30.5 million in commercial marketing, advertising and sales infrastructure as we launched our DTC campaign in January 2026, $23.8 million in employee salaries and related expenses due to a rise in headcount, including the hiring of our sales force, $2.2 million in chemistry and control and regulatory related expenses which were classified as selling, general and administrative expenses subsequent to FDA approval, $1.8 million in travel expenses primarily related to our sales force and $1.8 million in other corporate overhead. Sales, general and administrative expenses included $8.7 million and $4.0 million of non-cash share-based compensation for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
Current report
Other income, net for the six months ended June 30, 2026, was $4.9 million, compared to $4.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025. Interest income earned on our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities increased by $0.3 million as a result of an overall increase in cash on-hand in 2026 over the comparative period, partially offset by a lower effective yield on our marketable securities resulting from a decline in interest rates.
Current report
Cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was primarily driven by $26.1 million in net proceeds from common stock sold under the Sales Agreement.
Removed paragraphs (11)
Previous report
CORXEL License and Collaboration Agreement
Previous report
Submission of Marketing Authorization Application to the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
Previous report
On April 20, 2026, we announced the submission of a Marketing Authorization Application (“MAA”) to the United Kingdom’s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (“MHRA”) for the review and approval of VIZZ. The submission of the MAA in the United Kingdom represented the sixth ex-U.S. regulatory submission for VIZZ.
Previous report
Submission of Marketing Authorization Application to European Medicines Agency
Previous report
On March 10, 2026, we announced the submission of an MAA to the European Medicines Agency (“EMA”) for the review and approval of VIZZ. If approved, the EMA's positive opinion would serve as a foundational step toward making VIZZ available to the millions of Europeans living with age-related blurry near vision. The submission of the MAA in Europe represented the fifth ex-U.S. regulatory submission for VIZZ.
Previous report
Selling, General and Administrative
Previous report
Research and Development
Previous report
Other Income, net
Previous report
Selling, General and Administrative
Previous report
Research and Development
Previous report
Other Income, net
Reworded paragraphs (27)
Previous wording
On July 31, 2025, the FDA approved VIZZ, making it the first and only aceclidine-based product approved by the FDA. VIZZ has five years of NCE exclusivity in the U.S., expiring in July 2030. The Company commercially launched VIZZ in the U.S. in August 2025, with direct-to-eye care professional sales and marketing activities initiated immediately upon approval. Professional product sample distribution by the sales force to optometrists and ophthalmologists and commercial product shipments to customers via our e-pharmacy partner were initiated in October 2025, and product became broadly available in retail pharmacies beginning in November 2025.
Current wording
On July 31, 2025, the FDA approved VIZZ, making it the first and only aceclidine-based product approved by the FDA. VIZZ has five years of NCE exclusivity in the U.S., expiring in July 2030. The Company commercially launched VIZZ in the U.S. in August 2025, with direct-to-eye care professional sales and marketing activities initiated immediately upon approval. Professional product sample distribution by the sales force to optometrists and ophthalmologists and commercial product shipments to customers via our ePharmacy partner were initiated in October 2025, and product became broadly available in retail pharmacies beginning in November 2025. Beginning in July 2026, VIZZ became available via a telehealth platform, providing the convenience of an integrated online evaluation by independent licensed ECPs, ePharmacy prescription fulfillment and home delivery.
Previous wording
As of March 31, 2026, we had$258.4 million of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and marketable secu rities. We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as of March 31, 2026 will allow us to continue to commercialize VIZZ, and we anticipate will be sufficient to fund the Company to positive operating cash flow. We have incurred net losses in each year since inception, and as of March 31, 2026, we had an accumulated deficit of$268.6 million. These losses have resulted principally from costs incurred in connection with research and development activities and selling, general and administrative costs associated with our operations. We expect to continue to incur significant expenses related to product sales, marketing, manufacturing, and distribution of VIZZ as we are in the early stages of commercialization, and additional costs associated with being a public company, including audit, legal, regulatory and tax-related services associated with maintaining compliance with an exchange listing and SEC requirements. As a result of these and other factors, while we believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as of March 31, 2026 will fund the Company to positive operating cash flow, it is possible that we may require additional financing to fund our operations and planned growth.
Current wording
As of June 30, 2026, we had$220.0 million of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and marketable secu rities. We have incurred net losses in each year since inception, and as of June 30, 2026, we had an accumulated deficit of$300.5 million. These losses have resulted principally from costs incurred in connection with research and development activities and selling, general and administrative costs associated with our operations. We expect to continue to incur significant expenses related to product sales, marketing, manufacturing, and distribution of VIZZ as we are in the early stages of commercialization, and additional costs associated with being a public company, including audit, legal, regulatory and tax-related services associated with maintaining compliance with an exchange listing and SEC requirements. As a result of these and other factors, it is possible that we may require additional financing to fund our operations and planned growth.
Previous wording
Since our inception, we have financed our operations primarily through public offerings of our common stock, proceeds from the Merger, and private placements of our common stock and convertible preferred stock. Concurrent with the closing of the Merger on March 21, 2024, we completed a private placement (the “March 2024 PIPE Financing”) of 3,559,565 shares of common stock for an aggregate gross purchase price of $53.5 million. Additionally, on July 17, 2024, we completed a private placement (the “July 2024 PIPE Financing”) of 1,578,947 shares of common stock for an aggregate gross purchase price of $30.0 million. As of December 31, 2025, we have sold an aggregate of 3,618,634 shares of common stock under the sales agreement with TD Securities (USA) LLC (the “Sales Agreement”), resulting in net proceeds to the Company of $147.1 million. As of March 31, 2026, the Company had no remaining capacity remaining under the Sales Agreement.
Current wording
Since our inception, we have financed our operations primarily through public offerings of our common stock, proceeds from the Merger, and private placements of our common stock and convertible preferred stock. Concurrent with the closing of the Merger on March 21, 2024, we completed a private placement (the “March 2024 PIPE Financing”) of 3,559,565 shares of common stock for an aggregate gross purchase price of $53.5 million. Additionally, on July 17, 2024, we completed a private placement (the “July 2024 PIPE Financing”) of 1,578,947 shares of common stock for an aggregate gross purchase price of $30.0 million. As of December 31, 2025, we sold an aggregate of 3,618,634 shares of common stock under the sales agreement with TD Securities (USA) LLC (the “Sales Agreement”), resulting in net proceeds to the Company of $147.1 million. As of June 30, 2026, the Company had no remaining capacity remaining under the Sales Agreement.
Previous wording
In April 2022, we entered into a License and Collaboration Agreement with CORXEL Pharmaceuticals (formerly known as Ji Xing Pharmaceuticals Hong Kong Limited) (“CORXEL”) granting CORXEL an exclusive license (the “CORXEL License” formerly referred to as the “Ji Xing License”) to certain of our intellectual property rights to develop, use, import, and sell products containing LNZ100 (commercially known as VIZZ in the U.S.) (“Products”) for use in the treatment of presbyopia in humans in mainland China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macau Special Administrative Region, and Taiwan (collectively, “Greater China”). We also granted CORXEL (i) the right to negotiate in good faith and enter into agreements to purchase Products from us for clinical and commercial uses at cost plus a negotiated percentage and (ii) the right of first negotiation to obtain a regional license from us on other products we might develop outside of the field of presbyopia for commercialization in Greater China.
Current wording
In April 2022, we entered into a License and Collaboration Agreement with CORXEL Pharmaceuticals (formerly known as Ji Xing Pharmaceuticals Hong Kong Limited) (“CORXEL”) granting CORXEL an exclusive license (the “Everest License” formerly referred to as the “CORXEL License” and the “Ji Xing License”) to certain of our intellectual property rights to develop, use, import, and sell products containing LNZ100 (commercially known as VIZZ in the U.S.) (“Products”) for use in the treatment of presbyopia in humans in mainland China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macau Special Administrative Region, and Taiwan (collectively, “Greater China”). We also granted CORXEL (i) the right to negotiate in good faith and enter into agreements to purchase Products from us for clinical and commercial uses at cost plus a negotiated percentage and (ii) the right of first negotiation to obtain a regional license from us on other products we might develop outside of the field of presbyopia for commercialization in Greater China.
Previous wording
We received nonrefundable, non-creditable upfront payments totaling $15.0 million as initial consideration under the CORXEL License during the year ended December 31, 2022. In addition, we received $5.0 million upon submission of the New Drug Application (“NDA”) for VIZZ to the National Medical Products Administration (“NMPA”) in Greater China for the treatment of presbyopia and another $5.0 million upon FDA approval of VIZZ during the year ended December 31, 2025. We are also eligible to receive (i) up to an additional $85.0 million in regulatory and sales milestone payments, (ii) tiered, escalating royalties in the range of 5% to 15% on net sales of Products in Greater China by CORXEL, its affiliates and sublicensees, and (iii) tiered, deescalating royalties in the range of 15% to 5% of sublicensing income received by CORXEL prior to the regulatory approval of the first Product in Greater China.
Current wording
We received nonrefundable, non-creditable upfront payments totaling $15.0 million as initial consideration under the Everest License during the year ended December 31, 2022. In addition, we received $5.0 million upon submission of the New Drug Application (“NDA”) for VIZZ to the National Medical Products Administration (“NMPA”) in Greater China for the treatment of presbyopia and another $5.0 million upon FDA approval of VIZZ during the year ended December 31, 2025. We are also eligible to receive (i) up to an additional $85.0 million in regulatory and sales milestone payments, (ii) tiered, escalating royalties in the range of 5% to 15% on net sales of Products in Greater China by Everest, its affiliates and sublicensees, and (iii) tiered, deescalating royalties in the range of 15% to 5% of sublicensing income received by CORXEL and Everest prior to the regulatory approval of the first Product in Greater China.
Previous wording
The $15.0 million upfront payments allocated to that single performance obligation was recognized on execution of the CORXEL License during the year ended December 31, 2022. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the first regulatory milestone under the CORXEL License was achieved upon submission of the NDA for VIZZ to the NMPA. A second regulatory milestone under the CORXEL License was achieved upon FDA approval of VIZZ. We recognized revenue and received payment totaling $10.0 million for the achievement of both regulatory milestones during the year ended December 31, 2025. No contractual milestones were met under the CORXEL License during the three months ended March 31, 2026 or 2025.
Current wording
The $15.0 million upfront payments allocated to that single performance obligation was recognized on execution of the Everest License during the year ended December 31, 2022. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the first regulatory milestone under the Everest License was achieved upon submission of the NDA for VIZZ to the NMPA. A second regulatory milestone under the Everest License was achieved upon FDA approval of VIZZ. We recognized revenue and received payment totaling $10.0 million for the achievement of both regulatory milestones during the year ended December 31, 2025. No contractual milestones were met under the Everest License during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 or 2025.
Previous wording
On July 7, 2025, we entered into a license and commercialization agreement providing an exclusive license (the “Théa License”) to register and commercialize VIZZ for the treatment of presbyopia in Canada. Under the terms of the Théa License, we received a $2.5 million nonrefundable, non-creditable upfront payment, and are eligible to receive up to $67.5 million in regulatory and commercial milestone payments, as well as tiered, escalating royalties in the range of 10% to 20% on future net sales in Canada.
Current wording
On July 7, 2025, we entered into a license and commercialization agreement providing an exclusive license (the “Théa License”) to register and commercialize VIZZ for the treatment of presbyopia in Canada. Under the terms of the Théa License, we received a $2.5 million nonrefundable, non-creditable upfront payment, and an additional $2.5 million milestone payment triggered by the submission of the New Drug Submission (“NDS”) to Health Canada on June 29, 2026. We are eligible to receive up to an additional $65 million in regulatory and commercial milestone payments, as well as tiered, escalating royalties in the range of 10% to 20% on future net sales in Canada.
Previous wording
•License revenue increased during the three months ended March 31, 2026 relative to the three months ended March 31, 2025 as a result of the upfront payment received under the Lunatus License. We may generate future revenue from additional license and collaboration agreements to commercialize VIZZ outside the U.S.
Current wording
•Total revenue increased during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 relative to the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 as a result of sales of VIZZ and license revenue recognized during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026. Total revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 was solely attributable to the upfront payment under the Lotus License. We may generate future revenue from additional license and collaboration agreements to commercialize VIZZ outside the U.S.
Previous wording
•Our selling, general and administrative expenses will continue to increase in 2026, relative to 2025, as we have built a cross-functional commercial team consisting of marketing, commercial operations and an 88-territory sales force that is currently expanding to 117 territories, and will continue to strategically support our sales and commercial infrastructure with capabilities designed to scale when necessary to support the commercialization of VIZZ. We expect such expenses to continue to increase for the foreseeable future due to the recent launch of our direct-to-consumer (“DTC”) marketing campaign and the expansion of our sales force.
Current wording
•Our selling, general and administrative expenses will continue to increase in 2026, relative to 2025, as we have built a cross-functional commercial team consisting of marketing, commercial operations and a sales force, and will continue to strategically support our sales and commercial infrastructure with capabilities designed to support the commercialization of VIZZ. We expect to continue to incur such expenses to continue to support our commercial strategy, including our direct-to-consumer (“DTC”) marketing campaign.
Previous wording
•Our research and development costs decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2026, relative to the comparative period in 2025 primarily due to FDA approval of VIZZ. On a prospective basis subsequent to FDA approval on July 31, 2025, certain expenses that were historically classified as research and development expenses were and will be prospectively classified into sales, general and administrative expenses, including certain medical affairs and chemistry, manufacturing and controls expenses that indirectly support VIZZ. We expect our research and development costs will be near zero over the remainder of 2026, relative to 2025, given the FDA approval of VIZZ.
Current wording
•Our research and development costs decreased to zero during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, primarily due to FDA approval of VIZZ in July 2025. On a prospective basis subsequent to FDA approval on July 31, 2025, certain expenses that were historically classified as research and development expenses were and will be prospectively classified into sales, general and administrative expenses, including certain medical affairs and chemistry, manufacturing and controls expenses that indirectly support VIZZ. We expect our research and development costs will be de minimis over the remainder of 2026.
Previous wording
Cost of sales consists of direct and indirect costs related to the manufacturing and distribution of VIZZ, including raw materials, third-party manufacturing costs, packaging services, and freight costs. Cost of sales also includes period costs related to certain operations personnel and inventory adjustment charges. The Company began capitalizing inventory costs upon FDA approval of VIZZ in July 2025. Prior to FDA approval of VIZZ, manufacturing and other inventory costs were recorded to research and development expenses, resulting in zero cost inventory. Cost of sales of VIZZ will increase on a per unit basis after zero cost inventory is depleted, which we expect to occur during 2026.
Current wording
Cost of sales consists of direct and indirect costs related to the manufacturing and distribution of VIZZ, including raw materials, third-party manufacturing costs, packaging services, and freight costs. Cost of sales also includes period costs related to certain operations personnel and inventory adjustment charges. The Company began capitalizing inventory costs upon FDA approval of VIZZ in July 2025. Prior to FDA approval of VIZZ, manufacturing and other inventory costs were recorded to research and development expenses, resulting in zero cost inventory. Once zero cost inventory is depleted, cost of sales of VIZZ will increase on a per unit basis. Substantially all of our zero cost inventory has been sold as of June 30, 2026.
Previous wording
Following the FDA approval of VIZZ in July 2025, sales of commercial product began in October 2025. Product sales, net for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was $1.7 million and was primarily driven by approximately 25,000 paid and filled monthly prescriptions in the period. We had no product sales during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Current wording
Following the FDA approval of VIZZ in July 2025, sales of commercial product began in October 2025. Product sales, net for the three months ended June 30, 2026 was $1.7 million and was primarily driven by approximately 27,000 packs sold and delivered to the customer in the period. We had no product sales during the three months ended June 30, 2025.
Previous wording
License revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was comprised of revenue recognized from the upfront payment under the Lunatus License. There was no license revenue in the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Current wording
License revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2026 was comprised of sublicense revenue recognized from our share of the upfront payment under the sublicense to Everest, and the milestone payment associated with the submission of the NDS to Health Canada under the Théa License. License revenue recognized in the three months ended June 30, 2025 was due to the upfront payment under the Lotus License.
Previous wording
Cost of sales for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was primarily driven by two nonrecurring charges to inventory stemming from an out-of-specification temperature excursion of inventory while in transit from our manufacturer and a write-off of packaging supplies associated with a manufacturing process transition. There was no cost of sales during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Current wording
Cost of sales for the three months ended June 30, 2026 was primarily driven by cost of sales recognized in connection with sales of VIZZ, partially offset by an insurance recovery received during the three months ended June 30, 2026 from an out-of-specification temperature excursion of inventory while in transit from our manufacturer that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2026. There was no cost of sales during the three months ended June 30, 2025.
Previous wording
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $33.8 million, or 305%, to $45.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to $11.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The change was primarily driven by increases of $17.2 million in commercial marketing, advertising and sales infrastructure expenses as we launched our DTC marketing campaign in January 2026, $12.8 million in employee salaries and related expenses due to an increase in headcount, including the hiring of our sales force, $1.8 million in chemistry and control and regulatory related expenses which were classified as selling, general and administrative expenses subsequent to FDA approval, $1.1 million in travel related costs primarily related to our sales force, and a $0.8 million nonrecurring write-off of sample packaging and materials due to a manufacturing transition.
Current wording
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $26.6 million, or 208%, to $39.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to $12.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025. The change was primarily driven by increases of $13.3 million in commercial marketing, advertising and sales infrastructure expenses as we launched our DTC marketing campaign in January 2026, $11.0 million in employee salaries and related expenses due to an increase in headcount, including the hiring of our sales force, $1.1 million in other corporate overhead, and $0.9 million in chemistry and control and regulatory related expenses which were classified as selling, general and administrative expenses subsequent to FDA approval. Sales, general and administrative expenses included $4.4 million and $2.1 million of non-cash share-based compensation for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
Previous wording
Research and development expenses decreased by $5.8 million, or 100%, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to $5.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. Subsequent to FDA approval, people-related, chemistry and control, and regulatory costs previously classified as research and development expenses were prospectively classified as selling, general and administrative expenses. Prior to FDA approval of VIZZ on July 31, 2025, costs related to the production of inventory were expensed in the period incurred within research and development expenses, resulting in zero cost inventory. Subsequent to FDA approval of VIZZ, direct and indirect manufacturing costs were capitalized to inventory.
Current wording
Research and development expenses decreased by $9.1 million, or 100%, for the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to $9.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025. Subsequent to FDA approval, people-related, chemistry and control, and regulatory costs previously classified as research and development expenses were prospectively classified as selling, general and administrative expenses. Prior to FDA approval of VIZZ on July 31, 2025, costs related to the production of inventory were expensed in the period incurred within research and development expenses, resulting in zero cost inventory. Subsequent to FDA approval of VIZZ, direct and indirect manufacturing costs were capitalized to inventory.
Previous wording
Other income, net for the three months ended March 31, 2026, was $2.6 million, compared to $2.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. Interest income earned on our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities increased period over period due to a higher balance of marketable securities.
Current wording
Other income, net for the three months ended June 30, 2026, was $2.3 million, compared to $2.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025. Interest income earned on our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities was flat period over period due to a lower effective yield on our marketable securities resulting from a decline in interest rates.
Previous wording
As of March 31, 2026, we had $258.4 million of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. We have incurred net losses in each year since inception and as of March 31, 2026, we had an accumulated deficit of $268.6 million. Our net losses were $41.5 million and $14.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. These losses have resulted principally from costs incurred in connection with research and development activities and selling, general and administrative costs associated with our operations. We expect to continue to incur significant expenses and operating losses as we begin commercialization of VIZZ, including costs related to product sales, marketing, manufacturing, and distribution.
Current wording
As of June 30, 2026, we had $220.0 million of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. We have incurred net losses in each year since inception and as of June 30, 2026, we had an accumulated deficit of $300.5 million. Our net losses were $31.9 million and $14.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $73.4 million and $29.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. These losses have resulted principally from costs incurred in connection with research and development activities and selling, general and administrative costs associated with our operations. We expect to continue to incur significant expenses and operating losses as we begin commercialization of VIZZ, including costs related to product sales, marketing, manufacturing, and distribution.
Previous wording
We believe that our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities as of March 31, 2026 will allow us to continue to build infrastructure and commercialize VIZZ, and such funds are anticipated to fund the Company to positive operating cash flow. This belief is based on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could use our available capital resources sooner than expected. Changing circumstances, some of which may be beyond our control, could cause us to consume capital significantly faster than currently anticipated, and we may need to seek additional funds sooner than planned.
Current wording
We believe that our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities as of June 30, 2026 will allow us to continue to commercialize VIZZ. This belief is based on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could use our available capital resources sooner than expected. Changing circumstances, some of which may be beyond our control, could cause us to consume capital significantly faster than currently anticipated, and we may need to seek additional funds sooner than planned.
Previous wording
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, cash used in operating activities was $16.0 million and resulted from a net loss of $14.6 million, in addition to an approximate $2.0 million cash outflow from the payment of accounts payable and accrued liabilities and a $1.0 million increase in operating assets, offset by $1.5 million in non-cash adjustments primarily driven by share-based compensation expense.
Current wording
For the six months ended June 30, 2026, cash used in operating activities was $72.3 million and resulted from a net loss of $73.4 million and a $7.9 million decrease in operating assets, offset by $9.0 million in non-cash adjustments primarily driven by share-based compensation expense.
Previous wording
For the three months ended March 31, 2026, cash used in operating activities was $33.6 million and resulted from a net loss of $41.5 million, offset by $4.4 million in non-cash adjustments primarily driven by share-based compensation expense and a $3.5 million increase in operating assets.
Current wording
For the six months ended June 30, 2025, cash used in operating activities was $27.6 million and resulted from a net loss of $29.5 million, in addition to a $1.2 million increase in operating assets, offset by $3.5 million in non-cash adjustments primarily driven by share-based compensation expense.
Previous wording
Cash provided by investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was $33.2 million, primarily due to $49.2 million in proceeds from maturities of marketable securities, and partially offset by $16.1 million of purchases of marketable securities.
Current wording
Cash provided by investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2026 was $70.9 million, primarily due to $94.4 million in proceeds from maturities of marketable securities, and partially offset by $23.4 million of purchases of marketable securities.
Previous wording
Cash provided by investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $18.9 million, primarily due to $52.1 million in proceeds from maturities of marketable securities, and partially offset by $33.1 million of purchases of marketable securities.
Current wording
Cash provided by investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was $18.5 million, primarily due to $110.2 million in proceeds from maturities of marketable securities, and partially offset by $91.4 million of purchases of marketable securities and $0.4 million in purchases of property and equipment.
Previous wording
Cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025 was driven by proceeds from exercises of stock options.
Current wording
Cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2026 was driven by proceeds from the issuance of common stock under the employee stock purchase plan.
Previous wording
To date, product sales, net has consisted of sales of VIZZ to (i) certain wholesalers (who in turn sell VIZZ to retail pharmacies) and (ii) directly to patients through our e-pharmacy partner. Product sales, net is recognized net of reserves for variable components, including but not limited to distribution service fees, prompt pay discounts and product returns. These variable components are reassessed each reporting period, and adjustments are recorded on a cumulative catch-up basis, which affects product sales, net in the period of adjustment. The actual amounts of variable consideration ultimately received may differ from our estimates. To date, actual amounts have not differed materially from our estimates.
Current wording
To date, product sales, net has consisted of sales of VIZZ to (i) certain wholesalers (who in turn sell VIZZ to retail pharmacies) and (ii) directly to patients through our ePharmacy partner. Product sales, net is recognized net of reserves for variable components, including but not limited to distribution service fees, prompt pay discounts and product returns. These variable components are reassessed each reporting period, and adjustments are recorded on a cumulative catch-up basis, which affects product sales, net in the period of adjustment. The actual amounts of variable consideration ultimately received may differ from our estimates. To date, actual amounts have not differed materially from our estimates.
Previous wording
Additionally, under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act until such time as those standards apply to private companies. Prior to the Merger, Graphite elected to use, and we intend to continue to use, this extended transition period for complying with certain or new or revised accounting standards until the earlier of (i) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following the fifth anniversary of the closing of Graphite's initial public offering (i.e., December 31, 2026), (b) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.235 billion, or (c) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700.0 million as of the prior June 30th, (ii) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period, or (iii) if we affirmatively and irrevocably opt out of the extended transition period provided by the JOBS Act.
Current wording
Additionally, under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act until such time as those standards apply to private companies. Prior to the Merger, Graphite elected to use, and we intend to continue to use, this extended transition period for complying with certain new or revised accounting standards until the earlier of (i) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following the fifth anniversary of the closing of Graphite's initial public offering (i.e., December 31, 2026), (b) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.235 billion, or (c) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700.0 million as of the prior June 30th, (ii) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period, or (iii) if we affirmatively and irrevocably opt out of the extended transition period provided by the JOBS Act.
Previous wording
We are also a “smaller reporting company” because the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates was less than $700 million as of June 30, 2025 and the Company's annual revenue was less than $100 million during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. We may continue to be a smaller reporting company in any given year if either (i) the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates is less than $250 million as of June 30 in the most recently completed fiscal year or (ii) our annual revenue is less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million as of June 30 in the most recently completed fiscal year. If we are a smaller reporting company at the time we cease to be an emerging growth company, we may continue to rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements that are available to smaller reporting companies. Specifically, as a smaller reporting company we may choose to present only the two most recent fiscal years of audited financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and, similar to emerging growth companies, smaller reporting companies have reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation.
Current wording
We are also a “smaller reporting company” because the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates was less than $700 million as of June 30, 2026 and the Company's annual revenue was less than $100 million during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. We may continue to be a smaller reporting company in any given year if either (i) the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates is less than $250 million as of June 30 in the most recently completed fiscal year or (ii) our annual revenue is less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million as of June 30 in the most recently completed fiscal year. If we are a smaller reporting company at the time we cease to be an emerging growth company, we may continue to rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements that are available to smaller reporting companies. Specifically, as a smaller reporting company we may choose to present only the two most recent fiscal years of audited financial statements in our Annual
Rearranged current paragraphs (4)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
The following table presents the results of operations for the periods indicated (amounts in thousands, except percentages):
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Following the FDA approval of VIZZ in July 2025, sales of commercial product began in October 2025. Product sales, net for the six months ended June 30, 2026 was $3.4 million and was primarily driven by approximately 52,000 packs sold and delivered to the customer in the period. We had no product sales during the six months ended June 30, 2025.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Research and development expenses decreased $14.9 million, or 100%, for the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to $14.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025. Subsequent to FDA approval, people-related, chemistry and control, and regulatory costs previously classified as research and development expenses were prospectively classified as selling, general and administrative expenses. Prior to FDA approval of VIZZ on July 31, 2025, costs related to the production of inventory were expensed in the period incurred within research and development expenses, resulting in zero cost inventory. Subsequent to FDA approval of VIZZ, direct and indirect manufacturing costs were capitalized to inventory.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Report on Form 10-K and, similar to emerging growth companies, smaller reporting companies have reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation.