Driven Brands Holdings Inc.

Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Fiscal Year

The Company operates and reports financial information on a 52- or 53-week year with the fiscal year ending on the last Saturday in December and fiscal quarters ending on the 13th Saturday of each quarter (or 14th Saturday when applicable with respect to the fourth fiscal quarter). The three and nine months ended September 27, 2025 and September 28, 2024 each consisted of 13 weeks and 39 weeks, respectively. The Car Wash segment is consolidated based on a calendar month end.

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). In the opinion of management, the unaudited interim financial data includes all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair statement of the results of operations, balance sheet, cash flows, and shareholders’ equity for the interim periods presented. The adjustments include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

On February 24, 2025, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to sell its U.S. Car Wash business to Express Wash Operations, LLC dba Whistle Express Car Wash. On April 10, 2025, the Company completed the sale. The net assets and operations of the disposal group met the criteria to be classified as “discontinued operations” and are reported as such in all periods presented unless otherwise noted. The consolidated statements of cash flows include cash flows from discontinued operations. Refer to Note 13 for more information.

These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 28, 2024. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the unaudited financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 27, 2025 may not be indicative of the results to be expected for any other interim period or the year ending December 27, 2025.

The nine months ended September 28, 2024 includes an adjustment to the unaudited consolidated balance sheet and consolidated statement of operations that originated in the prior year resulting in increased loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, by $3 million on the unaudited consolidated statement of operations.

The three months ended September 27, 2025 includes adjustments to the consolidated statement of operations that originated in a prior interim period in the current year resulting in decreased selling, general, and administrative expenses by approximately $6 million and decreased income tax benefit by $3 million.

The nine months ended September 27, 2025 includes an adjustment to the unaudited consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statement of operations that originated in the prior year impacting accrued expenses and other liabilities and foreign currency transaction gain by approximately $5 million. In addition, the unaudited consolidated balance sheet as of September 27, 2025 includes an adjustment relating to the prior year resulting in increased operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities of $8 million. The Company evaluated the materiality of these adjustments on prior period financial statements, recorded the adjustments in the current periods as outlined above, and concluded the effect of these adjustments were immaterial to both the current and prior financial statements.

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements. Significant items that are subject to estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to: valuation of intangible assets and goodwill, income taxes, allowances for credit losses, valuation of derivatives, self-insurance claims, and share-based compensation. Management evaluates its estimates on an ongoing basis and may employ outside experts to assist in its evaluations. Changes in such estimates, based on historical experience, current conditions, and various other additional information, may affect amounts reported in future periods. Actual results could differ due to uncertainty inherent in the nature of these estimates.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are categorized, based on the inputs to the valuation technique, into a three-level fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to the quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. Observable market data, when available, is required to be used in making fair value measurements. When inputs used to measure fair value fall within different levels of the hierarchy, the level within which the fair value measurement is categorized is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The Company classifies and discloses assets and liabilities carried at fair value in one of the following three categories:

Level 1: Inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date;

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; or

Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Unobservable inputs are used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.

The Company estimates the fair value of financial instruments using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. The carrying amount for cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, inventory, other current assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value because of their short maturities. The held to maturity notes receivable carrying values approximate fair value using interest rates that approximate market rates for agreements with similar maturities and credit quality.

The fair value of the Company’s foreign currency derivative instruments is derived from valuation models, which use Level 2 observable inputs such as quoted market prices, interest rates, and forward yield curves. The fair value of long-term debt is estimated based on Level 2 inputs using discounted cash flows and market-based expectations for interest rates, credit risk and contractual terms of the debt agreements.

Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024 are summarized as follows:

The carrying value and estimated fair value of total long-term debt were as follows:

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU improves the transparency of income tax disclosures, including consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the tax rate reconciliation as well as disaggregation of income taxes paid by jurisdiction. This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The ASU will impact the Company’s income tax disclosures beginning with the financial statements included in the 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K, but will have no impact on its results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expensesand in January 2025, the FASB subsequently issued ASU 2025-01, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date, which clarified the effective date of ASU 2024-03. ASU 2024-03 includes amendments that require entities to bifurcate specified expense line items on the income statement into underlying components, including purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, intangible asset amortization and depletion, as applicable. Qualitative descriptions of the remaining components are required. These enhanced disclosures are required for both interim and annual periods. Selling expenses must also be separately disclosed for both interim and annual periods, along with an annual qualitative description of the composition of selling expenses. ASU 2024-03 will be effective for the annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with the option to early adopt at any time prior to the effective date and should be applied either prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date or retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is evaluating the impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326). This ASU provides a practical expedient permitting entities to assume current conditions (as of the last balance sheet date) remain unchanged over the remaining life of current accounts receivable and current contract assets. The new standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025, with early adoption permitted for both interim and annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The Company is evaluating the impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40). The amendments in this update improve the operability of the guidance by removing all references to software development project stages so that the guidance is neutral to different software development methods. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2027, including interim periods within those fiscal years, though early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Note 3—Acquisitions and Divestitures

The Company strategically acquires companies and assets to increase its footprint and offer products and services that diversify its existing offerings, primarily through asset purchase agreements. These acquisitions are accounted for as business combinations using the acquisition method, whereby the purchase price is allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based on their fair values as of the date of the acquisition with the remaining amount recorded in goodwill.

2025 Acquisitions

The Company completedsix acquisitions within the Take 5 segment during the nine months ended September 27, 2025, representing seven sites, for an aggregate cash consideration, net of cash acquired and liabilities assumed, of $9 million.

2024 Acquisitions

The Company completedone acquisition within the Take 5 segment andone non-U.S. acquisition in the Car Wash segment during the nine months ended September 28, 2024, representingtwo sites andone site, respectively, for an aggregate cash consideration, net of cash acquired and liabilities assumed, of less than $2 million.

2025 Divestitures

For information relating to the divestiture of our U.S. Car Wash business, refer to Note 13.

2024 Divestitures

During the three months ended September 28, 2024, the Company completed the sale of its Canadian distribution business, primarily operated under the PH Vitres D’Auto brand, within the Corporate segment at a purchase price of approximately $78 million. The sale included essentially all assets and liabilities associated with the business as well as allocated goodwill of $13 million resulting in a gain of $3 million on the sale of business within selling, general and administrative expenses on the unaudited consolidated statement of operations during the three and nine months ended September 28, 2024. Approximately $47 million of the sale proceeds were utilized to repay a portion of outstanding secured senior notes with the remainder primarily utilized to repay a portion of the outstanding Term Loan.

During the nine months ended September 28, 2024, the Company sold nine company-operated stores within the Franchise Brands segment to a franchisee at a sale price of $18 million resulting in a gain of $6 million on the sale of businesses within selling, general, and administrative expenses on the consolidated statement of operations.

Note 4—Segment Information

In the first quarter of 2025, the Company reorganized its operating segments to simplify the reporting structure, align with the Company’s current business model, and increase transparency for our investors, which resulted in a change to the reportable segments. As a result, the Company has the following reportable segments: Take 5, Franchise Brands, and Car Wash.

The Take 5 segment is primarily composed of the Company and franchise-operated Take 5 Oil Change business, and revenue is primarily derived from the performance of maintenance services, including oil changes and certain as-needed automotive maintenance enhancements. The Take 5 segment revenue also includes franchise royalties and fees and supply and other product sales.

The Franchise Brands segment is primarily composed of the Company’s portfolio of franchise brands, which include: CARSTAR, Meineke, Maaco, and 1-800 Radiator, along with other smaller brands and services for both retail and commercial customers, such as commercial fleet operators and insurance carriers.

The Car Wash segment operates under the IMO brand across Europe and Australia, providing express-style conveyor car wash services to both retail and commercial customers.

The Company’s consolidated financial results include “Corporate and Other” activity. Corporate and Other includes revenue and costs associated with the AutoGlassNow businesses, which provide glass replacement and calibration services to commercial, retail, and insurance customers. In addition, advertising fund contribution revenue and related costs as well as shared service costs, which are related to finance, IT, human resources, legal, supply chain, and other support services are recorded within Corporate and Other. Corporate and Other activity includes the adjustments necessary to eliminate certain intercompany transactions, namely supply sales fulfilled by the Take 5 segment to the Franchise Brands segment.

The Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) is the Chief Executive Officer. The CODM evaluates segment performance and allocates resources, including capital expenditures and variable compensation, to each segment primarily as part of the annual budget process based on Adjusted EBITDA. The CODM reviews budget-to-actual results to assess performance and adjust resource allocations as necessary.

Adjusted EBITDA is defined as earnings from continuing operations before interest expense, net, income tax expense, and depreciation and amortization, with further adjustments for acquisition related costs, cloud computing amortization, equity compensation, loss on debt extinguishment, and certain non-recurring, non-core, infrequent or unusual charges. Adjusted EBITDA is a supplemental measure of the operating performance of our segments and may not be comparable to similar measures reported by other companies. Other segment items primarily include, but not limited to, payroll and payroll-related costs, costs of inventory and supply costs, utilities, and rent expense as well as marketing costs associated with non-franchised businesses within the reportable segments. No asset information has been provided for these reportable segments as the Chief Operating Decision Maker does not regularly review asset information by reportable segment.

Certain information within the tables below has been revised to conform to current year presentation to reflect financial results for continuing operations and segment changes.

Segment results for the three and nine months ended September 27, 2025 and September 28, 2024 are as follows:

(a)Consists of acquisition costs as reflected within the consolidated statements of operations, including legal, consulting, and other fees, and expenses incurred in connection with acquisitions completed during the applicable period, as well as inventory rationalization expenses incurred in connection with acquisitions. As acquisitions occur in the future we expect to incur similar costs and, under U.S. GAAP, such costs relating to acquisitions are expensed as incurred and not capitalized.

(b)Consists of discrete items and project costs, including third-party professional costs associated with strategic transformation initiatives as well as non-recurring payroll-related costs and non-ordinary course legal settlements.

(c)Includes non-cash amortization expenses relating to cloud computing arrangements.

(d)Represents non-cash share-based compensation expense.

(e)Represents foreign currency transaction (gains) losses, net that primarily related to the remeasurement of our intercompany loans as well as gains and losses on cross currency swaps.

(f)Consists of the following items (i) (gains) losses, net on sale leasebacks, disposal of assets, or sale of business; (ii) net losses (gains) on sale for assets held for sale; (iii) impairment of certain fixed assets and operating lease right-of-use assets related to closed and underperforming locations, lease exit costs and other costs associated with stores that were closed prior to the respective lease termination dates; and (iv) loss on fair value of the Seller Note. See Note 13 for additional information regarding the Seller Note.

(g)Represents charges incurred related to the Company’s full repayment of the Term Loan in conjunction with the sale of the U.S. Car Wash business in the current year and charges incurred related to the Company’s partial repayment of Senior Secured Notes in conjunction with the sale of its Canadian distribution business in the prior year.

Note 5—Assets Held For Sale

The changes in assets held for sale for the nine months ended September 27, 2025 were as follows:

During the nine months ended September 27, 2025 management continued to enhance properties included within held for sale resulting in additions to assets held for sale. The Company recognized a net loss on sale within selling, general, and administrative expenses on the unaudited consolidated statement of operations of $2 million and $9 million during the three and nine months ended September 27, 2025, respectively, and a net loss on sale of $6 million and $20 million during the three and nine months ended September 28, 2024, respectively. The net loss on sale included the sale ofthree locations andnine locations, during the three and nine months ended September 27, 2025, respectively, and the sale of 18 locations and 48 locations during the three and nine months ended September 28, 2024, respectively, as well as adjustments in fair values during the periods. The Company will continue to evaluate the fair value of assets held for sale, which may result in additional net losses upon sale based on unfavorable market conditions or other economic factors in the future.

Note 6—Goodwill

As a result of the Company’s change to its reportable segments outlined in Note 4, the Company’s operating segments and reporting units also changed during the nine months ended September 27, 2025. The Company performed quantitative impairment assessments of goodwill immediately prior to the change in reporting units and immediately after the change on its new reporting units. The Company used the relative fair value method to reallocate the goodwill to the associated reporting units impacted by the change in reporting units in the quarter.

In performing a quantitative test for impairment of goodwill, the Company primarily used the income approach method of valuation that includes the discounted cash flow method and the market approach that includes the guideline public company method to determine the fair value of reporting units. Significant assumptions used by management in estimating fair value under the discounted cash flow model include revenue growth rates, long-term revenue growth rates, discount rates, EBITDA margins, capital expenditures, and tax rates. Other assumptions include operating expenses and overhead expenses. Assumptions used to determine fair value under the guideline public company method include the selection of guideline companies and the valuation multiples applied. No impairment charges were recorded during the nine months ended September 27, 2025.

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the nine months ended September 27, 2025 are detailed below:

Note 7—Long-Term Debt

The Company’s long-term debt obligations consist of the following:

(a)Consists primarily of finance lease obligations.

Series 2022-1 Variable Funding Securitization Senior Notes

In conjunction with the issuance of the Series 2022-1 Class A-2 Securitization Senior Notes (the “2022-1 Senior Notes”), the Issuer and Driven Brands Canada Funding Corporation (together “the Co-Issuers”) also issued Series 2022-1 Class A-1 Notes in the amount of $135 million, which can be accessed at the Co-Issuers’ option if certain conditions are met.

Series 2024-1 Variable Funding Securitization Senior Notes

In July 2024, the Co-Issuers issued Series 2024-1 Variable Funding Senior Notes, Class A-1 (the “2024 VFN”) in the revolving amount of $400 million. The 2024 VFN have a final legal maturity date in October 2054. The commitment under the 2024 VFN is set to expire in October 2029, with the option oftwo one-year extensions. The 2024 VFN are secured by substantially all assets of the Co-Issuers and are guaranteed by the Co-Issuers and each of their respective subsidiaries. Borrowings incur interest at the Base Rate plus an applicable margin or SOFR plus an applicable margin. As of September 27, 2025, there wereno amounts outstanding under the 2024 VFN and $25 million of outstanding letters of credit, which reduced the borrowing availability under the 2024 VFN.

Series 2025-1 Securitization Senior Notes

In October 2025, the Co-Issuers issued $500 million of Series 2025-1 Securitization Senior Notes (the “2025-1 Senior Notes”) bearing a fixed interest rate of 5.296% per annum. The 2025-1 Senior Notes have a final legal maturity date in October 2055 and an anticipated repayment date in October 2030. The 2025-1 Senior Notes are secured by substantially all assets of the Co-Issuers and are guaranteed by the Co-Issuers and each of their respective subsidiaries. Proceeds from the 2025-1 Senior Notes were used in combination with the Company’s Revolving Credit Facility to repay the Company’s 2019-1 and 2022-1 Class A-2 Securitization Senior Notes.

Driven Holdings Revolving Credit Facility

In May 2021, Driven Holdings, LLC, (the “Borrower”) a Delaware limited liability company and indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Driven Brands Holdings Inc., entered into a credit agreement to secure a revolving line of credit with a group of financial institutions (the “Revolving Credit Facility”), which provides for an aggregate amount of up to $300 million, and had a maturity date in May 2026 (the “Credit Agreement”). In February 2025, the Borrower entered into an amendment extending the Credit Agreement maturity date to February 2030, subject to certain conditions. Borrowings will incur interest at a rate equal to SOFR plus an applicable term adjustment between 2.00% and 2.25%. The Revolving Credit Facility also includes periodic commitment fees based on the available unused balance and a quarterly administrative fee.

As of September 27, 2025, the Company had an outstanding balance of $75 million on the Revolving Credit Facility and $6 million of outstanding letters of credit, which reduced the borrowing availability under the Revolving Credit Facility to $219 million. In conjunction with the issuance of the 2025-1 Senior Notes, the Company borrowed approximately $130 million in October 2025 to fully repay the Company’s 2019-1 and 2022-1 Class A-2 Securitization Senior Notes.

Term Loan Facility

In December 2021, the Borrower amended the Credit Agreement to provide for a new term loan credit facility (the “Term Loan Facility”), which has an initial aggregate commitment of $500 million, with loans and other extensions of credit thereunder maturing in December 2028. The Company made repayments of $354 million during 2025, primarily from proceeds received through the sale of the U.S. Car Wash business, including proceeds from the Seller Note. The Term Loan Facility has been fully repaid as of September 27, 2025 and no future borrowings can be drawn on this facility.

The Company’s debt agreements are subject to certain quantitative and qualitative covenants. As of September 27, 2025, the Company and its subsidiaries were in material compliance with such covenants.

Note 8—Leases

During the nine months ended September 27, 2025, the Company sold 19 maintenance properties andone non-U.S. car wash property for a total of $36 million. During the nine months ended September 28, 2024, the Company sold 12 maintenance properties for a total of $17 million. Concurrently with the closing of these sales, the Company entered into various operating lease agreements pursuant to which the Company leased back the properties. These lease agreements each have an initial term of 20 to 27 years. The Company does not include option periods in its determination of the lease term unless renewals are deemed reasonably certain to be exercised. The Company recorded an operating lease right-of-use asset and operating lease liability of $26 million each, as of September 27, 2025, and $13 million each, as of September 28, 2024 related to these lease arrangements. The Company recorded a loss of $2 million and again of less than $1 million for the three and nine months ended September 27, 2025, respectively, andgains of $2 million and $5 million for the three and nine months ended September 28, 2024, respectively.

Supplemental cash flow information related to the Company’s lease arrangements for the nine months ended September 27, 2025 and September 28, 2024, respectively, was as follows:

Note 9—Share-based Compensation

The Company granted new awards during the three months ended September 27, 2025, consisting of 29,357 restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and 50,833 performance stock units (“PSUs”). The Company granted new awards during the nine months ended September 27, 2025 including 877,356 RSUs and 1,112,831 PSUs.

Awards are eligible to vest provided that the employee remains in continuous service on each vesting date. The RSUs vest ratably each year on the anniversary date generally over atwo-orthree-year period. The PSUs vest after athree-year performance period. Generally, the number of PSUs that vest is contingent on the Company achieving certain award specific goals, typically a performance and market condition. The number of PSU shares that vest may range from 0% to 200% of the original grant, based upon the level of performance. Certain awards are considered probable of meeting vesting requirements, and therefore, the Company has started recognizing expense. For both RSUs and PSUs, if the grantee’s continuous service terminates for any reason, the grantee shall forfeit all rights, title, and interest in any unvested units as of the termination date.

The fair value of the total RSUs, performance-based PSUs, and market-based PSUs granted during the three months ended September 27, 2025 were less than $1 million each. The fair value of the total RSUs, performance-based PSUs, and market-based PSUs granted during the nine months ended September 27, 2025 was $15 million, $13 million, and $10 million, respectively. The Company based the fair value of the RSUs and performance-based PSUs on the Company’s stock price on the grant date.

The range of assumptions used for issued PSUs with a market condition valued using the Monte Carlo model were as follows:

The Company recorded $5 million and $28 million of share-based compensation expense during the three and nine months ended September 27, 2025, respectively, and $13 million and $36 million during the three and nine months ended September 28, 2024, respectively, within selling, general, and administrative expenses on the unaudited consolidated statements of operations.

Note 10—Earnings (Loss) Per Share

The Company calculates basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share using the two-class method. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to common shareholders:

Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. In addition, the Company’s participating securities are related to certain restricted stock awards issued to Section 16 officers, which include non-forfeitable dividend rights.

The Company has performance awards that are contingent on performance conditions which have not yet been met and therefore were excluded from the computation of weighted average shares of 2,283,890 for the three and nine months ended September 27, 2025 and 1,887,842 shares for the three and nine months ended September 28, 2024.

For the three months ended September 28, 2024, the Company had net losses from operations. As a result, no potentially dilutive securities were included in the denominator for computing diluted loss per share as their inclusion would be antidilutive.

The following securities were not included in the computation of diluted shares outstanding because the effect would be antidilutive:

Note 11—Income Taxes

The Company’s tax provision is comprised of the most recent estimated annual effective tax rate applied to year-to-date ordinary income before taxes. The tax impacts of unusual or infrequently occurring items, including changes in judgment about valuation allowances and effects of changes in tax laws or rates, are recorded discretely in the interim period in which they occur.

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”) was enacted on July 4, 2025 with several key tax provisions impacting businesses, including permanent reinstatement of 100 percent bonus depreciation for qualified property, modification of the business interest deduction limitation, and several international tax provisions. The Company applied the provisions impacting our financial position for the three and nine months ended September 27, 2025.

Income tax benefit was $22 million for the three months ended September 27, 2025 compared to an income tax expense of $16 million for the three months ended September 28, 2024. The effective income tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to non-deductible share-based compensation, limitation on interest deduction in certain foreign jurisdictions, state taxes related to pre-tax income, and U.S. tax impacts of its foreign operations. The three months ended September 27, 2025 includes the release of a valuation allowance of $37 million, which incorporates the impact from the enactment of OBBBA, which increased the Company’s interest expense limitation under Section 163(j).

Income tax benefit was $7 million for the nine months ended September 27, 2025 compared to an income tax expense of $45 million for the nine months ended September 28, 2024. The effective income tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to non-deductible share-based compensation, limitation on interest deduction in certain foreign jurisdictions, state taxes related to pre-tax income, and U.S. tax impacts of its foreign operations. The nine months ended September 27, 2025 includes the release of a valuation allowance of $37 million, including the impact from the enactment of OBBBA, which increased the Company’s interest expense limitation under Section 163(j).

Note 12—Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is subject to various lawsuits, administrative proceedings, audits, and claims. Some of these lawsuits purport to be class actions and/or seek substantial damages. The Company is required to record an accrual for litigation loss contingencies that are both probable and reasonably estimable. Management regularly assesses our insurance deductibles, analyzes litigation information with our attorneys, and evaluates our loss experience in connection with pending legal proceedings. The Company records its best estimate of a loss when the loss is considered probable and the amount of such loss can be reasonably estimated. When a loss is probable and there is a range of estimated loss with no best estimate within the range, the minimum estimated liability related to the lawsuit or claim is recorded. As additional information becomes available, the potential liability and our accruals are reassessed, if necessary. Legal fees and expenses associated with the defense of all of our litigation are expensed as such fees and expenses are incurred. Because of uncertainties related to the resolution of lawsuits and claims, the ultimate outcome may differ materially from our estimates.

Genesee County Employees’ Retirement System v. Driven Brands Holdings Inc., et al. – On December 22, 2023, Genesee County Employees’ Retirement System filed a putative class action lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of North Carolina (the “Court”) against the Company as well as CEO Jonathan Fitzpatrick and former CFO Tiffany Mason (the “Individual Defendants”) alleging violations of Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5 of the Exchange Act by the Company, as well as violations of Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act by the Individual Defendants. The Court appointed Genesee County Employees’ Retirement System, Oakland County Employees’ Retirement System, and Oakland County Voluntary Employees’ Beneficiary Association (collectively the “Michigan Funds”), as lead plaintiffs on May 31, 2024. Then, the Michigan Funds filed an amended complaint on October 14, 2024, which the Company and the Individual Defendants subsequently moved to dismiss. The Court denied the motion to dismiss on February 20, 2025, and the Company and Individual Defendants moved on March 6, 2025 for reconsideration of the Court’s order or, in the alternative, requested that the Court certify its decision for interlocutory appeal. On October 29, 2025, the Court granted the motion for reconsideration but still denied the motion to dismiss. The Company disputes the allegations of wrongdoing and intends to vigorously defend against the action. No assessment as to the likelihood or range of any potential adverse outcome has been made as of the date of this filing.

Terwilliger v. Fitzpatrick, et al. – On January 10, 2025, Daniel Terwilliger filed a purported derivative complaint in the Court against certain current and former Company executive officers and board members, including Jonathan Fitzpatrick, Tiffany Mason, Neal Aronson, Catherine Halligan, Chadwick Hume, Rick Puckett, Karen Stroup, Peter Swinburn, Michael Thompson, and Jose Tomas (collectively, “Defendants”). The Terwilliger complaint makes largely the same allegations as those in Genesee Complaint, namely, that the Company failed to disclose information, which allegedly resulted in material misstatements about the Company’s business and prospects in its quarterly filings, and purports to state claims for (i) breach of fiduciary duty; (ii) unjust enrichment; (iii) abuse of control; (iv) gross mismanagement; (v) waste of corporate assets; and (vi) violations of Sections 10(b) and 21D of the Exchange Act. On April 30 2025, the Court granted the Parties’ joint motion for a stay of proceedings, pending the completion of discovery in the underlying securities class action. The Company disputes the allegations of wrongdoing and intends to vigorously defend against the action. No assessment as to the likelihood or range of any potential adverse outcome has been made as of the date of this filing.

Gaiman v. Fitzpatrick, et al. – On April 30, 2025, Jonathan Gaiman filed a purported derivative complaint in the Court against certain current and former Company executive officers and board members, including Jonathan Fitzpatrick, Tiffany Mason, Neal Aronson, Catherine Halligan, Chadwick Hume, Rick Puckett, Karen Stroup, Peter Swinburn, Michael Thompson, and Jose Tomás. The Gaiman complaint makes largely the same allegations as those in the Genesee and Terwilliger complaints, namely, that the Company failed to disclose information, which allegedly resulted in material misstatements about the Company’s business and prospects in its quarterly filings, and purports to state claims for (i) breach of fiduciary duty; (ii) aiding and abetting breaches of fiduciary duty; (iii) unjust enrichment; (iv) waste of corporate assets; (v) violations of Sections 10(b) and

21D of the Exchange Act; and (vi) violations of Sections 14(a) and Rule 14a-9 of the Exchange Act. The Company disputes the allegations of wrongdoing and intends to vigorously defend against the action. No assessment as to the likelihood or range of any potential adverse outcome has been made as of the date of this filing.

On May 20, 2025, the Court granted the Parties’ joint motion to consolidate the Gaiman action with the Terwilliger action and to stay the consolidated action pending the completion of discovery in the underlying securities class action.

Kalimon v. Aronson, et al. – On October 7, 2025, John Kalimon filed a purported derivative complaint in the Court against certain current and former Company executive officers and board members, including Neal Aronson, Jonathan Fitzpatrick, Daniel Rivera, Catherine Halligan, Damien Harmon, Chadwick Hume, Rick Puckett, Karen Stroup, Peter Swinburn, Michael Thompson, Jose Tomás, and Tiffany Mason. The Kalimon complaint makes largely the same allegations as those in the Genesee, Terwilliger, and Gaiman complaints, namely, that the Company failed to disclose information, which allegedly resulted in material misstatements about the Company’s business and prospects in its quarterly filings, and purports to state claims for (i) breach of fiduciary duty; (ii) unjust enrichment; (iii) violations of Sections 10(b) and 21D of the Exchange Act; and (iv) violations of Sections 14(a) and Rule 14a-9 of the Exchange Act. The Company disputes the allegations of wrongdoing and intends to vigorously defend against the action. No assessment as to the likelihood or range of any potential adverse outcome has been made as of the date of this filing.

Other than the matters described above, there are no current proceedings or litigation matters involving the Company or its property that we believe would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or cash flows as of September 27, 2025, although they could have a material adverse effect on our operating results for a particular reporting period.

Note 13—Discontinued Operations

U.S. Car Wash Divestiture

On February 24, 2025, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to sell its U.S. Car Wash business to Express Wash Operations, LLC dba Whistle Express Car Wash (the “Buyer”) for an aggregate purchase price of $385 million, subject to customary adjustments for cash, indebtedness, working capital, and transaction expenses. Under the terms of the agreement, the Buyer agreed to pay the Company $255 million in cash and deliver to the Company an interest-bearing seller note (“Seller Note”) evidencing a loan in the initial principal amount of $130 million, subject to customary adjustments.

On April 10, 2025, we received net cash proceeds of $252 million and consummated the Seller Note resulting in a net gain on sale of $37 million. The net gain includes $12 million of income tax expense and $3 million of transaction costs. In July 2025, the Company sold the Seller Note for $113 million. Net proceeds were utilized to repay the outstanding balance of $46 million on the Term Loan Facility and $65 million on the Revolving Credit Facility.

This divestiture qualified as discontinued operations as of February 24, 2025 as it represented a strategic shift relating to our car wash footprint and services offered within the U.S. and has a major effect on our consolidated results of operations. Accordingly, the results of operations for the U.S. Car Wash disposal group and certain transaction related costs have been classified as discontinued operations within the unaudited consolidated statement of operations. Results outlined below were historically reflected within the Car Wash Segment within our previously filed financial statements, prior to the Company resegmenting in the current year.

In conjunction with the sale of the U.S. Car Wash business, we entered into a Transition Services Agreement (“TSA”) to provide certain support services for up to 12 months or less from the closing date of the sale. These services include, among others, accounting, information technology, treasury, human resources, and marketing services. The Company recognized less than $1 million of other income during the three and nine months ended September 27, 2025 relating to the TSA. In addition, the Company entered into an Employee Services Leasing Agreement (“ESLA”) outlining certain U.S. Car Wash operational employees may be leased from the date of sale through December 31, 2025. Costs associated with the ESLA have been and will continue to be reimbursed by the Buyer. The Company recognized $2 million and $3 million during the three and nine months ended September 27, 2025, relating to services associated with the ESLA.

Financial Information of Discontinued Operations

The following table summarizes the results of operations of the U.S. Car Wash business that are being reported as discontinued operations within the unaudited consolidated statement of operations:

The following tables summarizes the U.S. Car Wash business assets and liabilities classified as discontinued operations within the unaudited consolidated balance sheets:

Assets held for sale in the table above represent properties purchased by the Buyer that were initially marketed separately from the sale of the U.S. Car Wash business.

The cash flows related to discontinued operations have not been segregated and are included within the unaudited statement of cash flows. The following table presents cash flow and non-cash information related to discontinued operations: