i3 Verticals Inc
For the period ended Mar 31, 2024. Filed May 10, 2024.
View on SEC.govAbout this filing
A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Mar 31, 2024 · Filed May 10, 2024
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2023-12-31; filed 2024-02-09.
0001728688-24-000016
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2024-03-31; filed 2024-05-10.
0001728688-24-000061
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 154 previous paragraphs and 178 current paragraphs.
117 unchanged; 32 reworded; 24 added; 3 removed; 2 previous and 5 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 4 previous and 5 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (24)
Current report
Acquisitions during the six months ended March 31, 2023
Current report
On October 1, 2022, we completed the acquisition of Celtic Cross Holdings, Inc., in Scottsdale, Arizona and Celtic Systems Pvt. Ltd. in Vadodara, India (collectively "Celtic") to expand the Company’s software offerings in the Public Sector vertical. Total purchase consideration was $85.0 million in cash consideration, funded by the proceeds from our revolving credit facility.
Current report
Revenue increased $0.7 million, or 0.7%, to $94.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $93.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This increase was primarily driven by an increase in payment volume as well as higher recurring software revenue, partially offset by a decrease in non-recurring revenues.
Current report
Revenue within Software and Services decreased $1.3 million, or 2.2%, to $59.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $60.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in software license revenue and professional services revenue, partially offset by an increase in recurring revenues in our Public Sector and Healthcare verticals.
Current report
Other costs of services within Software and Services increased $0.7 million, or 16.1%, to $4.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $4.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, driven primarily by the increase in software cost of services.
Current report
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $3.0 million, or 5.3%, to $54.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $57.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in employment expenses, advertising and promotion expenses, non-income tax expense, partially offset by an increase in technology services.
Current report
Other income
Current report
Other income of $2.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024, reflects the gain on the Exchangeable Note Repurchases and gain on Warrant Unwinds, net of the loss on Note Hedge Unwinds. There was no other income during the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Current report
Six Months Ended March 31, 2024 Compared to Six Months Ended March 31, 2023
Current report
n/m = not meaningful
Current report
Revenue
Current report
Revenue within Software and Services increased $2.1 million, or 1.8%, to $116.1 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 from $114.0 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was primarily driven by an increase in recurring revenues, partially offset by a decrease in software license revenue and professional services revenue in our Public Sector and Healthcare verticals.
Current report
Revenue within Merchant Services increased $4.6 million, or 6.9%, to $70.5 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 from $65.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023. Payment volume from new and existing customers increased $0.4 billion, or 3.6%, to $10.9 billion for the six months ended March 31, 2024 from $10.5 billion for the six months ended March 31, 2023.
Current report
Other Costs of Services
Current report
Other costs of services increased $2.6 million, or 6.7%, to $41.6 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 from $39.0 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023. This increase was primarily driven by an increase in software cost of services within the Software and Services.
Current report
Other costs of services within Software and Services increased $1.5 million, or 18.9%, to $9.2 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 from $7.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023, driven primarily by the increase in software cost of services and an increase in payment volume.
Current report
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Current report
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $0.5 million, or 0.5%, to $107.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 from $108.2 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023. This decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in advertising and promotion expenses, employment costs, bad debt expenses, and travel expenses, partially offset by an increase in technology services.
Current report
Depreciation and Amortization
Current report
Depreciation and amortization increased $2.1 million, or 12.0%, to $19.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 from $17.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023. Amortization expense increased $1.8 million to $17.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 from $16.1 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023 primarily due to an increase in capitalized software project releases and acquisitions completed during the 2023 fiscal year. Depreciation expense increased $0.3 million to $1.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 from $1.6 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023.
Current report
Interest Expense, net
Current report
Other income
Current report
Provision for Income Taxes
Current report
Six Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023
Removed paragraphs (3)
Previous report
Revenue within Software and Services increased $3.4 million, or 6.3%, to $56.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $53.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022. The increase was principally driven by growth in software and related services revenues in our Public Sector vertical.
Previous report
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $2.5 million, or 5.0%, to $53.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $51.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022. This increase was primarily driven by a $1.3 million increase in employment expenses and a $1.2 million increase in technology services.
Previous report
Other expense (income)
Reworded paragraphs (32)
Previous wording
On February 8, 2024, we announced that our Board of Directors had initiated a process to explore a potential sale of certain assets related to our Merchant Services business. There is no assurance that the process to explore a sale of the Merchant Services business will result in any transaction, or if the transaction is completed, the timing or terms of any such transaction. Our Board of Directors may determine to suspend or terminate the exploration of a potential sale of our Merchant Services business at any time due to various factors. Any potential transaction is also dependent upon a number of factors that may be beyond our control, including, among other factors, market conditions, industry trends, regulatory limitations and the interest of third parties in our business. We do not intend to make any further disclosure concerning these matters unless and until any definitive transaction agreement is reached or we otherwise deem further disclosure is appropriate.
Current wording
On February 8, 2024, we announced that our Board of Directors had initiated a process to explore a potential sale of certain assets related to our Merchant Services business. This process is ongoing. There is no assurance that the process to explore a sale of the Merchant Services business will result in any transaction, or if the transaction is completed, the timing or terms of any such transaction. Our Board of Directors may determine to suspend or terminate the exploration of a potential sale of our Merchant Services business at any time due to various factors. Any potential transaction is also dependent upon a number of factors that may be beyond our control, including, among other factors, market conditions, industry trends, regulatory limitations and the interest of third parties in our business. We do not intend to make any further disclosure concerning these matters unless and until any definitive transaction agreement is reached or we otherwise deem further disclosure is appropriate.
Previous wording
At December 31, 2023, we had $4.2 million of cash and cash equivalents and $184.5 million of available capacity under our 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility subject to our financial covenants. As of December 31, 2023, we were in compliance with these covenants with a consolidated interest coverage ratio and total leverage ratio 4.40x, and 3.60x, respectively. For additional information about our Exchangeable Notes and 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility, see the section entitled “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below.
Current wording
At March 31, 2024, we had $3.1 million of cash and cash equivalents and $103.8 million of available capacity under our 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility subject to our financial covenants. As of March 31, 2024, we were in compliance with these covenants with a consolidated interest coverage ratio and total leverage ratio 4.1x, and 3.5x, respectively. For additional information about our Exchangeable Notes and 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility, see the section entitled “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below.
Previous wording
Acquisitions during the three months ended December 31, 2023
Current wording
Acquisitions during the six months ended March 31, 2024
Previous wording
During the three months ended December 31, 2023, we completed the acquisition of one business to expand our software offerings. Total purchase consideration was $1.3 million, including $1.1 million in cash funded by the proceeds from our revolving credit facility and $0.2 million in contingent consideration.
Current wording
During the six months ended March 31, 2024, we completed the acquisition of one business to expand our software offerings. Total purchase consideration was $1.3 million, including $1.1 million in cash funded by the proceeds from our revolving credit facility and $0.2 million in contingent consideration.
Previous wording
During the three months ended December 31, 2023, we completed the acquisition of two businesses to expand our software offerings in the Public Sector vertical. Total purchase consideration was $89.5 million in cash consideration, funded by the proceeds from our revolving credit facility.
Current wording
During the six months ended March 31, 2023, we completed the acquisition of two other businesses to expand our software offerings. Total purchase consideration was $19.8 million, including $17.0 million in cash funded by the proceeds from our revolving credit facility, $2.0 million of our Class A Common Stock, and $0.8 million in contingent consideration.
Previous wording
Interest expense, net. Our interest expense consists of interest on our outstanding indebtedness under our 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility, our Prior Senior Secured Credit Facility and Exchangeable Notes, and amortization of debt discount and issuance costs.
Current wording
Interest expense, net. Our interest expense consists of interest on our outstanding indebtedness under our 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility, our Prior Senior Secured Credit Facility and Exchangeable Notes, and amortization of debt issuance costs.
Previous wording
ARR is the annualized revenue derived from software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) arrangements, transaction-based software-revenue, software maintenance, recurring software-based services, payments revenue and other recurring revenue sources within the quarter. This excludes contracts that are not recurring or are one-time in nature. We focus on ARR because it helps us to assess the health and trajectory of our business. ARR does not have a standardized definition and is therefore unlikely to be comparable to similarly titled measures presented by other companies. It should be reviewed independently of revenue and it is not a forecast. Additionally, ARR does not take into account seasonality. The active contracts at the end of a reporting period used in calculating ARR may or may not be extended or renewed by our customers. ARR for the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $316.9 million and $290.2 million, respectively, representing a period-to-period growth rate of 9.2%.
Current wording
ARR is the annualized revenue derived from software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) arrangements, transaction-based software-revenue, software maintenance, recurring software-based services, payments revenue and other recurring revenue sources within the quarter. This excludes contracts that are not recurring or are one-time in nature. We focus on ARR because it helps us to assess the health and trajectory of our business. ARR does not have a standardized definition and is therefore unlikely to be comparable to similarly titled measures presented by other companies. It should be reviewed independently of revenue and it is not a forecast. Additionally, ARR does not take into account seasonality. The active contracts at the end of a reporting period used in calculating ARR may or may not be extended or renewed by our customers. ARR for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $322.5 million and $305.7 million, respectively, representing a period-to-period growth rate of 5.5%.
Previous wording
Software and related services revenue includes the sale of subscriptions, recurring services, ongoing support, licenses, and installation and implementation services specific to software. We focus on software and related services revenue as a percentage of total revenue because it is a strategic goal to expand the software services we provide our customers. Software and related services typically result in long-term partnerships with strong recurring revenues. Software and related services revenue as a percentage of total revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was 47.4% and 47.8%.
Current wording
Software and related services revenue includes the sale of subscriptions, recurring services, ongoing support, licenses, and installation and implementation services specific to software. We focus on software and related services revenue as a percentage of total revenue because it is a strategic goal to expand the software services we provide our customers. Software and related services typically result in long-term partnerships with strong recurring revenues. Software and related services revenue as a percentage of total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was 48.3% and 50.4%.
Previous wording
Our payment volume for the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $6.2 billion and $5.9 billion, respectively, representing a period-to-period growth rate of 5.4%. We focus on payment volume because it is a reflection of the scale and economic activity of our customer base and because a significant part of our revenue is derived as a percentage of our customers’ dollar volume receipts. Payment volume reflects the addition of new customers and same store payment volume growth of existing customers, partially offset by customer attrition during the period.
Current wording
Our payment volume for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $6.3 billion and $6.0 billion, respectively, representing a period-to-period growth rate of 5.5%. Our payment volume for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $12.5 billion and $11.9 billion, respectively, representing a period-to-period growth rate of 5.5%. We focus on payment volume because it is a reflection of the scale and economic activity of our customer base and because a significant part of our revenue is derived as a percentage of our customers’ dollar volume receipts. Payment volume reflects the addition of new customers and same store payment volume growth of existing customers, partially offset by customer attrition during the period.
Previous wording
Revenue within Merchant Services increased $2.6 million, or 7.9%, to $35.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $32.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022. Payment volume from new and existing customers increased $0.2 billion, or 3.6%, to $5.5 billion for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $5.3 billion for the three months ended December 31, 2022.
Current wording
Revenue within Merchant Services increased $2.0 million, or 6.0%, to $35.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $33.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Payment volume from new and existing customers increased $0.2 billion, or 3.7%, to $5.4 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $5.2 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Previous wording
Other costs of services increased $1.4 million, or 7.1%, to $20.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $19.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022. This increase was primarily driven by an increase in other cost of services within the Software and Services segment driven by the increase in payment volume.
Current wording
Other costs of services increased $1.3 million, or 6.3%, to $21.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $19.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This increase was primarily driven by an increase in software cost of services within the Software and Services segment driven by the increase in payment volume.
Previous wording
Other costs of services within Merchant Services increased $0.6 million, or 3.6%, to $16.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $15.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022, driven primarily by the growth in payment volume.
Current wording
Other costs of services within Merchant Services increased $0.6 million, or 3.6%, to $16.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $15.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, driven primarily by the growth in payment volume.
Previous wording
Depreciation and amortization increased $1.1 million, or 12.3%, to $9.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $8.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022. Amortization expense increased $0.9 million to $8.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $7.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022 primarily due to acquisitions completed during the 2023 fiscal year. Depreciation expense increased $0.2 million to $0.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $0.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022.
Current wording
Depreciation and amortization increased $1.1 million, or 11.7%, to $10.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $9.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Amortization expense increased $0.9 million to $9.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $8.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 primarily due to an increase in capitalized software project releases. Depreciation expense increased $0.1 million to $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $0.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Previous wording
Change in fair value of contingent consideration to be paid in connection with acquisitions was a benefit of $0.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 related to adjustments to the expected present value of consideration to be paid for earnouts. The change in fair value of contingent consideration for the three months ended December 31, 2022 was a charge of $1.4 million.
Current wording
Change in fair value of contingent consideration to be paid in connection with acquisitions was a benefit of $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 related to adjustments to the expected present value of consideration to be paid for earnouts. The change in fair value of contingent consideration for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was a charge of $2.3 million.
Previous wording
Interest expense, net, increased $1.2 million, or 22.2%, to $6.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $5.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022. The increase reflects a higher average interest rate and a higher average outstanding debt balance for the three months ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended December 31, 2022.
Current wording
Interest expense, net, increased $1.6 million, or 25.0%, to $7.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $6.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase reflects a higher average interest rate and a higher average outstanding debt balance for the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Previous wording
The provision for income taxes decreased to a provision for $0.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from a provision for $0.4 million for three months ended December 31, 2022. Our effective tax rate was 10.6% for the three months ended December 31, 2023. Our effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the tax structure of the Company. The income of majority owned i3 Verticals, LLC is not taxed and the separate loss of the Company has minimal tax effect due to the allocations from i3 Verticals, LLC. i3 Verticals, Inc. is subject to federal, state and local income taxes with respect to its allocable share of any taxable income of i3 Verticals, LLC and is taxed at the prevailing corporate tax rates.
Current wording
The provision for income taxes increased to a provision for $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from a benefit of $0.6 million for three months ended March 31, 2023. Our effective tax rate was 14.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Our effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the tax structure of the Company. The income of majority owned i3 Verticals, LLC is not taxed and the separate loss of the Company has minimal tax effect due to the allocations from i3 Verticals, LLC. i3 Verticals, Inc. is subject to federal, state and local income taxes with respect to its allocable share of any taxable income of i3 Verticals, LLC and is taxed at the prevailing corporate tax rates.
Previous wording
Revenue increased $6.0 million, or 6.9%, to $92.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $86.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022. This increase was partially driven by incremental revenue from an acquisition of $1.5 million, net of intercompany eliminations, which was within the Software and Services segment. In addition to our growth through an acquisition, payment volume from new and existing customers increased primarily in our Merchant Services segment and revenue from existing businesses grew, resulting from growth in software and related services revenues, primarily in our Healthcare vertical.
Current wording
Revenue increased $6.6 million, or 3.7%, to $186.5 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 from $179.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023. This increase was partially driven by incremental revenue from an acquisition of $1.5 million, net of intercompany eliminations, which was within the Software and Services segment. In addition to our growth through an acquisition, payment volume from new and existing customers and revenue from existing businesses grew, resulting from growth in recurring revenue, partially offset by a decrease in non-recurring revenues.
Previous wording
Other costs of services within Software and Services increased $0.8 million, or 22.3%, to $4.3 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $3.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022, driven primarily by the growth in payment volume and an acquisition.
Current wording
Other costs of services within Merchant Services increased $1.1 million, or 3.6%, to $32.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 from $31.3 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023, driven primarily by the growth in payment volume.
Previous wording
Other expense increased $0.3 million to $0.1 million expense for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from other income of $0.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022. Other expense during the three months ended December 31, 2023, reflects the loss on the sale of a building purchased through acquisition. Other income during the three months ended December 31, 2022, reflects continent consideration received for an investment that was sold.
Current wording
Other income increased $1.9 million to $2.2 million expense for the six months ended March 31, 2024 from other income of $0.2 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023. Other income during the six months ended March 31, 2024, reflects the gain on the Exchangeable Note Repurchases and gain on Warrant Unwinds, net of the loss on Note Hedge Unwinds and loss on the sale of a building purchased through acquisition. Other income during the six months ended March 31, 2023, reflects continent consideration received for an investment that was sold in a prior year.
Previous wording
We have historically financed our operations and working capital through net cash from operating activities. As of December 31, 2023, we had $4.2 million of cash and cash equivalents and available borrowing capacity of $184.5 million under our 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility, subject to the financial covenants. We usually minimize cash balances by making payments on our revolving line of credit to minimize borrowings and interest expense. As of December 31, 2023, we had borrowings outstanding of $265.5 million under the 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility. For additional information about our 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility, see the section entitled "— 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility" below.
Current wording
We have historically financed our operations and working capital through net cash from operating activities. As of March 31, 2024, we had $3.1 million of cash and cash equivalents and available borrowing capacity of $103.8 million under our 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility, subject to the financial covenants. We usually minimize cash balances by making payments on our revolving line of credit to minimize borrowings and interest expense. As of March 31, 2024, we had borrowings outstanding of $346.2 million under the 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility. For additional information about our 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility, see the section entitled "— 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility" below.
Previous wording
Our liquidity profile reflects our completed offering in February 2020 of an aggregate principal amount of $138.0 million in 1.0% Exchangeable Senior Notes due 2025, with substantially all the proceeds being used to pay down outstanding borrowings under our Prior Senior Secured Credit Facility. As of the date hereof, after giving effect to the repurchase of a portion of the 1.0% Exchangeable Senior Notes on January 18, 2024 as described herein, the aggregate principal amount outstanding of the Exchangeable Notes was $26.2 million. We may elect from time to time to purchase our outstanding debt in open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Any such debt repurchases will depend upon prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions, applicable securities law and other factors.
Current wording
Our liquidity profile reflects our completed offering in February 2020 of an aggregate principal amount of $138.0 million in 1.0% Exchangeable Senior Notes due 2025, with substantially all the proceeds being used to pay down outstanding borrowings under our Prior Senior Secured Credit Facility. After giving effect to the repurchase of $90.8 million in aggregate principal amount of the 1.0% Exchangeable Senior Notes on January 18, 2024 as described below as well as the repurchase of $21.0 million in aggregate principal amount of Exchangeable Senior Notes in open market purchases in 2020, the aggregate principal amount of the Exchangeable Notes that is currently outstanding is $26.2 million. We may elect from time to time to purchase our outstanding debt in open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Any such debt repurchases will depend upon prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions, applicable securities law and other factors.
Previous wording
Our 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility, as amended, requires us to maintain a consolidated interest coverage ratio not less than 3.0 to 1.0 and total leverage ratio not exceeding 5.0 to 1.0. As of December 31, 2023, we were in compliance with these covenants with a consolidated interest coverage ratio and total leverage ratio of 4.40x and 3.60x, respectively. Although we believe our liquidity position remains strong, there can be no assurance that we will be able to raise additional funds, in the form of debt or equity, or to amend our 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility on terms acceptable to us, if at all, even if we determined such actions were necessary in the future.
Current wording
Our 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility, as amended, requires us to maintain a consolidated interest coverage ratio not less than 3.0 to 1.0 and total leverage ratio not exceeding 5.0 to 1.0. As of March 31, 2024, we were in compliance with these covenants with a consolidated interest coverage ratio and total leverage ratio of 4.1x and 3.5x, respectively. Although we believe our liquidity position remains strong, there can be no assurance that we will be able to raise additional funds, in the form of debt or equity, or to amend our 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility on terms acceptable to us, if at all, even if we determined such actions were necessary in the future.
Previous wording
Net cash provided by operating activities decreased $5.1 million to $13.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $18.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022. Our net income increased from net income of $0.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022 to net income of $1.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023. Some of this increase in net income was driven by reductions in non-cash expenses that do not impact cash flows from operating activities. The primary drivers of the decrease in cash provided by operating activities, despite the increase in net income, were a decrease in net operating assets and liabilities of $5.6 million, which are impacted by the timing of collections and payments, for the three months ended December 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2022, and a decrease in non-cash contingent consideration of $1.7 million. These changes were partially offset by an increase in depreciation and amortization of $1.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2022.
Current wording
Net cash provided by operating activities decreased $0.7 million to $25.1 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 from $25.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023. Our net income increased from a net loss of $23 thousand for the six months ended March 31, 2023 to net income of $4.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024. Some of this increase in net income was driven by non-cash income and reductions in non-cash expenses that do not impact cash flows from operating activities. The primary drivers of the decrease in cash provided by operating activities, despite the increase in net income, were a decrease in non-cash contingent consideration of $4.2 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the six months ended March 31, 2023; an increase in changes in net operating assets and liabilities of $1.4 million, which are impacted by the timing of collections and payments, for the six months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the six months ended March 31, 2023; a gain on the repurchase of exchangeable notes of $2.4 million in the six months ended March 31, 2024; and a decrease in equity-based compensation expense of $1.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the six months ended March 31, 2023. These changes were partially offset by an increase in depreciation and amortization of $2.1 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the six months ended March 31, 2023.
Previous wording
Net cash used in investing activities decreased $87.4 million to $7.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $94.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022. The largest driver of the decrease in cash used in investing activities was a decrease of $88.4 million in cash used in acquisitions, net of cash acquired, during the three months ended December 31, 2023 from the three months ended December 31, 2022. This change was partially offset by an increase of $2.6 million in purchases of merchant portfolios and residual buyouts during the three months ended December 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2022.
Current wording
Net cash used in investing activities decreased $98.8 million to $12.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 from $111.1 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023. The largest driver of the decrease in cash used in investing activities was a decrease of $100.9 million in cash used in acquisitions, net of cash acquired, during the six months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the six months ended March 31, 2023. This change was partially offset by an increase of $3.8 million in purchases of merchant portfolios and residual buyouts during the six months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the six months ended March 31, 2023.
Previous wording
Net cash flow from financing activities changed $84.1 million to $7.2 million net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $76.9 million net cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended December 31, 2022. The change in net cash flow from financing activities was primarily the result of a decrease in proceeds from the revolving credit facility of $92.3 million partially offset by a decrease in payments on the revolving credit facility of $7.4 million and a decrease in cash paid for contingent consideration of $1.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from the three months ended December 31, 2022.
Current wording
Net cash flow from financing activities changed $101.7 million to $17.9 million net cash used in financing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2024 from $83.8 million net cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2023. The change in net cash flow from financing activities was primarily related to the $87.2 million payments for the repurchases of exchangeable notes and warrants, offset by the proceeds from the sale of the exchangeable senior note hedges. The remaining factors were the result of a decrease in proceeds from the revolving credit facility of $59.4 million, partially offset by a decrease in payments on the revolving credit facility of $47.2 million during the six months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the six months ended March 31, 2023.
Previous wording
On May 8, 2023, i3 Verticals, LLC (the “Borrower”), entered into that certain Credit Agreement (the “2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility”) with the guarantors and lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent (“JPMorgan”). The 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility replaces the Prior Senior Secured Credit Facility (as defined below). The 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility provides for aggregate commitments of $450 million in the form of a senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Revolver”).
Current wording
On May 8, 2023, i3 Verticals, LLC (the “Borrower”), entered into that certain Credit Agreement (the “2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility”) with the guarantors and lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent (“JPMorgan”). The 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility replaces the Prior Senior Secured Credit Facility. The 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility provides for aggregate commitments of $450 million in the form of a senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Revolver”).
Previous wording
The 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility provides that the Borrower has the right to seek additional commitments to provide additional term loan facilities or additional revolving credit commitments in an aggregate principal amount up to, as of any date of determination, the sum of (i) the greater of $100 million and 100% of the Borrower’s consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility) for the most recently completed four quarter period, plus (ii) the amount of certain prepayments of certain indebtedness, so long as, among other things, after giving pro forma effect to the incurrence of such additional borrowings and any related transactions, the Borrower’s consolidated interest coverage ratio (as defined in the 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility) would not be less than 3.0 to 1.0 and the Borrower’s consolidated total net leverage ratio (as defined in the 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility) would not exceed 5.0 to 1.0. As of December 31, 2023, the Borrower's consolidated interest coverage ratio was 4.40x and total leverage ratio was 3.60x.
Current wording
The 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility provides that the Borrower has the right to seek additional commitments to provide additional term loan facilities or additional revolving credit commitments in an aggregate principal amount up to, as of any date of determination, the sum of (i) the greater of $100 million and 100% of the Borrower’s consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility) for the most recently completed four quarter period, plus (ii) the amount of certain prepayments of certain indebtedness, so long as, among other things, after giving pro forma effect to the incurrence of such additional borrowings and any related transactions, the Borrower’s consolidated interest coverage ratio (as defined in the 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility) would not be less than 3.0 to 1.0 and the Borrower’s consolidated total net leverage ratio (as defined in the 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility) would not exceed 5.0 to 1.0. As of March 31, 2024, the Borrower's consolidated interest coverage ratio was 4.1x and total leverage ratio was 3.5x.
Previous wording
On February 18, 2020, i3 Verticals, LLC issued $138.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 1.0% Exchangeable Notes due February 15, 2025. The Exchangeable Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 1.0% per year, payable semiannually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 of each year, beginning on August 15, 2020. The Exchangeable Notes are exchangeable into cash, shares of the Company's Class A common stock, or a combination thereof, at i3 Verticals, LLC's election. The Exchangeable Notes mature on February 15, 2025, unless earlier exchanged, redeemed or repurchased. The net proceeds from the sale of the Exchangeable Notes were approximately $132.8 million, after deducting discounts and commissions to the certain initial purchasers and other estimated fees and expenses. i3 Verticals, LLC used a portion of the net proceeds of the Exchangeable Notes offering to pay down outstanding borrowings under the Prior Senior Secured Credit Facility in connection with the effectiveness of the operative provisions of the amendment to the Prior Senior Secured Credit Facility and to pay the cost of the Note Hedge Transactions. As of December 31, 2023, $117.0 million of the original aggregate principal amount of $138.0 million was outstanding.
Current wording
On February 18, 2020, i3 Verticals, LLC issued $138.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 1.0% Exchangeable Notes due February 15, 2025. The Exchangeable Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 1.0% per year, payable semiannually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 of each year, beginning on August 15, 2020. The Exchangeable Notes are exchangeable into cash, shares of the Company's Class A common stock, or a combination thereof, at i3 Verticals, LLC's election. The Exchangeable Notes mature on February 15, 2025, unless earlier exchanged, redeemed or repurchased. The net proceeds from the sale of the Exchangeable Notes were approximately $132.8 million, after deducting discounts and commissions to the certain initial purchasers and other estimated fees and expenses. i3 Verticals, LLC used a portion of the net proceeds of the Exchangeable Notes offering to pay down outstanding borrowings under the Prior Senior Secured Credit Facility in connection with the effectiveness of the operative provisions of the amendment to the Prior Senior Secured Credit Facility and to pay the cost of the Note Hedge Transactions. As of March 31, 2024, $26.2 million of the original aggregate principal amount of $138.0 million was outstanding.
Previous wording
On December 21, 2023, i3 Verticals, LLC entered into agreements to repurchase a portion of its Exchangeable Notes pursuant to privately negotiated transactions with a limited number of holders of the Exchangeable Notes (the "Exchangeable Note Repurchases"). The Exchangeable Note Repurchases were completed on January 18, 2024, and the purchase price paid by the Company to such holders for the principal amount in connection with the Exchangeable Note Repurchases on such closing date was approximately $87.0 million. Following the closing of the Exchangeable Note Repurchases, approximately $26.2 million in aggregate principal amount of the Exchangeable Notes remained outstanding, with terms unchanged. For additional information, see Notes 7 and 18 to our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Current wording
On December 21, 2023, i3 Verticals, LLC entered into agreements to repurchase a portion of its Exchangeable Notes pursuant to privately negotiated transactions with a limited number of holders of the Exchangeable Notes (the "Exchangeable Note Repurchases"). The Exchangeable Note Repurchases were completed on January 18, 2024, and the Company paid $87.4 million to repurchase $90.8 million in aggregate principal amount of its Exchangeable Notes and to repay approximately $0.4 million in accrued interest on the repurchased portion of the Exchangeable Notes. Following the closing of the Exchangeable Note Repurchases, approximately $26.2 million in aggregate principal amount of the Exchangeable Notes remained outstanding, with terms unchanged. For additional information, see Note 7 to our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Previous wording
We estimated interest payments through the maturity of our 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility by applying the interest rate of 8.59% in effect on the outstanding balance as of December 31, 2023, plus the unused fee rate of 0.30% in effect as of December 31, 2023.
Current wording
We estimated interest payments through the maturity of our 2023 Senior Secured Credit Facility by applying the interest rate of 8.55% in effect on the outstanding balance as of March 31, 2024, plus the unused fee rate of 0.30% in effect as of March 31, 2024.
Previous wording
The chart set forth above includes $87.4 million of principal and accrued interest related to the Exchangeable Note Repurchases in payments due in less than one year, which represents the amount paid by the Company on January 18, 2024, to repurchase $90.8 million in aggregate principal amount of its Exchangeable Notes and to repay approximately $0.4 million in accrued interest on the repurchased portion of the Exchangeable Notes as described above. We calculated interest payments through the maturity of the remaining balance of our Exchangeable Notes by applying the coupon interest rate of 1.0% on the principal balance less balance of Exchangeable Note Repurchases as of December 31, 2023 of $26.2 million.
Current wording
The chart set forth above calculates interest payments through the maturity of our Exchangeable Notes by applying the coupon interest rate of 1.0% on the principal balance as of March 31, 2024 of $26.2 million.
Previous wording
As of December 31, 2023, the total amount due under the Tax Receivable Agreement was $40.1 million, and payments to the Continuing Equity Owners related to exchanges through December 31, 2023 will range from $0 to $3.2 million per year and are expected to be paid over the next 23 years. The amounts recorded as of December 31, 2023, approximate the current estimate of expected tax savings and are subject to change after the filing of the Company’s U.S. federal and state income tax returns. Future payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement with respect to subsequent exchanges would be in addition to these amounts.
Current wording
As of March 31, 2024, the total amount due under the Tax Receivable Agreement was $40.3 million, and payments to the Continuing Equity Owners related to exchanges through March 31, 2024 will range from $0 to $3.3 million per year and are expected to be paid over the next 24 years. The amounts recorded as of March 31, 2024, approximate the current estimate of expected tax savings and are subject to change after the filing of the Company’s U.S. federal and state income tax returns. Future payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement with respect to subsequent exchanges would be in addition to these amounts.
Rearranged current paragraphs (5)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
The following table presents our historical results of operations for the periods indicated:
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Change in Fair Value of Contingent Consideration
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Change in fair value of contingent consideration to be paid in connection with acquisitions was a benefit of $0.5 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 related to adjustments to the expected present value of consideration to be paid for earnouts. The change in fair value of contingent consideration for the six months ended March 31, 2023 was a charge of $3.7 million.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Interest expense, net, increased $2.8 million, or 23.7%, to $14.5 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 from $11.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023. The increase reflects a higher average interest rate and a higher average outstanding debt balance for the six months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to the six months ended March 31, 2023.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
The provision for income taxes increased to a provision of $0.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 from a benefit of $0.2 million for six months ended March 31, 2023. Our effective tax rate was 13% for the six months ended March 31, 2024. Our effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the tax structure of the Company. The income of majority owned i3 Verticals, LLC is not taxed and the separate loss of the Company has minimal tax effect due to the allocations from i3 Verticals, LLC. i3 Verticals, Inc. is subject to federal, state and local income taxes with respect to its allocable share of any taxable income of i3 Verticals, LLC and is taxed at the prevailing corporate tax rates.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (2)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Acquisitions during the three months ended December 31, 2022
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Three Months Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022