Arcus Biosciences Inc

Previous wording

We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on creating best-in-class therapies. Using our robust and highly efficient drug discovery capability, we have created a significant portfolio of investigational products which are in clinical development, with our most advanced molecule, an anti-TIGIT antibody, now in multiple Phase 3 registrational studies targeting lung and gastrointestinal cancers. Our deep portfolio of novel small molecules and enabling antibodies allows us to create highly differentiated therapies, which we are developing to treat multiple large indications. We expect our clinical-stage portfolio to continue to expand and to include molecules targeting immuno-oncology, cancer cell-intrinsic and immunological pathways. Our vision is to create, develop and commercialize highly differentiated therapies that have a meaningful impact on patients.

Current wording

We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on creating best-in-class therapies. Using our robust and highly efficient drug discovery capability, we have created a significant portfolio of investigational products which are in clinical development, with our most advanced molecule, an anti-TIGIT antibody, now in multiple Phase 3 registrational studies targeting lung and GI cancers. Our deep portfolio of novel small molecules and enabling antibodies allows us to create highly differentiated therapies, which we are developing to treat multiple large indications. We expect our clinical-stage portfolio to continue to expand and to include molecules targeting immuno-oncology, cancer cell-intrinsic and immunological pathways. Our vision is to create, develop and commercialize highly differentiated therapies that have a meaningful impact on patients.

Previous wording

•In January 2024, we amended the Stock Purchase Agreement with Gilead, pursuant to which Gilead made an equity investment of $320 million through the purchase of our common stock at $21.00 per share (the "2024 Gilead Financing").

Current wording

•In January 2024, we amended the Stock Purchase Agreement with Gilead, pursuant to which Gilead made an equity investment of $320 million through the purchase of our common stock at $21.00 per share.

Previous wording

In 2020, we and Gilead entered into the Gilead Collaboration Agreement. Under the Gilead Collaboration Agreement, Gilead obtained an exclusive license to zimberelimab and time-limited exclusive options to all of our then-current and future programs during the 10-year collaboration term. In 2021, Gilead obtained rights to an additional four of our investigational products: domvanalimab, etrumadenant, quemliclustat and AB308. For each program to which Gilead exercised or exercises its option, the parties will co-develop globally and co-commercialize the program in the U.S., subject to certain exceptions, and Gilead will have the right to commercialize the program outside of the United States, subject to the rights of our existing partners in certain territories. Furthermore, we and Gilead agreed to collaborate on two oncology research programs, for which we will lead discovery and early development activities.

Current wording

In 2020, we and Gilead entered into the Gilead Collaboration Agreement. Under the Gilead Collaboration Agreement, Gilead obtained an exclusive license to zimberelimab and time-limited exclusive options to all of our then-current and future programs during the 10-year collaboration term. The agreement was amended in 2021 (the "First Gilead Collaboration Agreement Amendment"), under which Gilead obtained rights to an additional four of our investigational products: domvanalimab, etrumadenant, quemliclustat and AB308. Gilead's time-limited exclusive option rights to our HIF-2α program (including casdatifan) have expired. For each program to which Gilead exercised or exercises its option, the parties will co-develop globally and co-commercialize the program in the U.S., subject to certain exceptions, and Gilead will have the right to commercialize the program outside of the U.S., subject to the rights of our existing partners in certain territories. Furthermore, we and Gilead agreed to collaborate on two oncology research programs, for which we will lead discovery and early development activities.

Previous wording

In 2023, we amended the Gilead Collaboration Agreement to further expand the collaboration to provide Gilead with options to license up to four jointly selected research-stage programs that target inflammatory diseases for which we will lead discovery and early development activities.

Current wording

In 2023, we amended the Gilead Collaboration Agreement (the "Second Gilead Collaboration Agreement Amendment") to further expand the collaboration to include up to four jointly selected research-stage programs that target inflammatory diseases for which we will lead discovery and early development activities.

Previous wording

In 2024, we further amended the Gilead Collaboration Agreement to provide that (i)Gilead is required to pay the $100 million option continuation payment due on the fourth anniversary of the Gilead Collaboration Agreement, and (ii) we would fund certain activities, including the Phase 3 study that we plan to initiate to evaluate quemliclustat in pancreatic cancer.

Current wording

In the first quarter of 2024, we further amended the Gilead Collaboration Agreement (the "Third Gilead Collaboration Agreement Amendment") to provide that (i)Gilead is required to pay the $100 million option continuation payment due on the fourth anniversary of the Gilead Collaboration Agreement, which was received in the third quarter 2024 and (ii) we would fund certain activities, including the Phase 3 PRISM-1 study evaluating quemliclustat in pancreatic cancer.

Previous wording

Concurrent with the Gilead Collaboration Agreement in 2020, we also entered into the Stock Purchase Agreement and Investor Rights Agreement. Under the Stock Purchase Agreement, Gilead has the right, at its option until July 2025, to purchase up to a maximum ownership of 35% of our then-outstanding voting common stock. Under the Investor Rights Agreement, as amended, Gilead has the right to designate three individuals to be appointed to our board of directors. As of January 31, 2024, after including shares purchased in January 2024 under the Stock Purchase Agreement, Gilead held approximately 33.1% of our outstanding common stock.

Current wording

The Stock Purchase Agreement was amended in 2021 (the "First Stock Purchase Agreement Amendment"), in 2023 (the "Second Stock Purchase Agreement Amendment"), and was amended and restated in the first quarter 2024 (the "Third Stock Purchase Agreement Amendment"). Under the Stock Purchase Agreement, Gilead has the right, at its option until July 2025, to purchase up to a maximum ownership of 35% of our then-outstanding voting common stock.

Previous wording

In 2017, we entered into the Taiho Agreement pursuant to which Taiho was granted time-limited options to exclusively license for the Taiho Territory the development and commercialization rights to each of our programs that arose over a five-year period ending in September 2022. As of December 31, 2023, Taiho has licenses to (i) etrumadenant (the adenosine receptor antagonist program); (ii) zimberelimab (the anti-PD-1 program); and (iii) domvanalimab and AB308 (collectively, the anti-TIGIT program).

Current wording

In 2017, we entered into the Taiho Agreement pursuant to which Taiho was granted time-limited options to exclusively license for the Taiho Territory the development and commercialization rights to each of our programs that arose over a five-year period ending in September 2022. As of December 31, 2024, Taiho has licenses for the Taiho Territory to (i) etrumadenant (the adenosine receptor antagonist program); (ii) zimberelimab (the anti-PD-1 program); (iii) domvanalimab and AB308 (collectively, the anti-TIGIT program); and (iv) quemliclustat (the CD73 program).

Previous wording

We in-licensed rights to anti-PD-1 and CD39 antibodies from WuXi Biologics, and in-licensed rights to domvanalimab from Abmuno. We also have a clinical collaboration agreement with AstraZeneca for the PACIFIC-8 trial evaluating domvanalimab and durvalumab in Stage 3 NSCLC; Exelixis for the STELLAR-009 trial evaluating casdatifan and zanzalintinib in patients with ccRCC. We are also party to an agreement with BVF Partners L.P. ("BVF") to support the discovery and development of compounds for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Current wording

We have in-licensed rights to anti-PD-1 and CD39 antibodies from WuXi Biologics, and to domvanalimab from Abmuno. We also have clinical collaboration agreements with AstraZeneca for the Phase 3 PACIFIC-8 trial evaluating domvanalimab and durvalumab in Stage 3 NSCLC and for a Phase 1/1b study evaluating casdatifan and volrustomig in IO-naive patients with ccRCC. We are also party to an agreement with BVF Partners L.P. ("BVF") to support the discovery and development of compounds for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Previous wording

Since commencing operations in 2015, we have devoted substantially all of our efforts and financial resources to building our research and development capabilities, advancing our investigational product pipeline, and establishing our corporate infrastructure. To date, we have financed our operations primarily from the sale of our equity securities and payments received under our research, collaboration and license agreements with our strategic partners, including Gilead. We expect to incur substantial expenditures in the foreseeable future for the development and potential commercialization of our investigational products and ongoing internal research and development programs. At this time, we cannot reasonably estimate the nature, timing or aggregate amount of costs for our development, potential commercialization, and internal research and development programs.

Current wording

Since commencing operations in 2015, we have devoted substantially all of our efforts and financial resources to building our research and development capabilities, advancing our investigational product pipeline, and establishing our corporate infrastructure. To date, we have financed our operations primarily from the sale of our equity securities; upfront or milestone payments received from our research, collaboration and license agreements with our strategic partners, including Gilead; and debt financing. We expect to incur substantial expenditures in the foreseeable future for the development and potential commercialization of our investigational products and ongoing internal research and development programs. At this time, we cannot reasonably estimate the nature, timing or aggregate amount of costs for our development, potential commercialization, and internal research and development programs.

Previous wording

As of December 31, 2023, we had $866 million of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. Together with the $320 million we received from Gilead for their equity investment in January, 2024, our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities were $1.2 billion, which we believe will be sufficient to fund our planned operations into 2027.

Current wording

As of December 31, 2024, we had $992 million of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, which together with the proceeds from our equity financing in February 2025, we believe will be sufficient to fund our planned level of operations for the foreseeable future and provide funding to our initial pivotal read-outs for domvanalimab, quemliclustat and casdatifan, including STAR-221, PRISM-1 and PEAK-1.

Previous wording

Our license and development services revenue consists of amounts recognized from the portions of the nonrefundable upfront and milestone payments received from Gilead and Taiho and allocated to performance obligations for licenses or Research and Development ("R&D") activities performed by us as we develop our investigational products under the terms of our collaboration agreements. License and development services revenues are recognized based upon the timing of the delivery of a license or service if delivery is complete, or based on estimates of each performance obligation's percentage of completion at the period end if it is still in process. We calculate percentage of completion as a ratio of effort incurred to date on each performance obligation to the total estimated effort to be incurred to satisfy that performance obligation.

Current wording

Our license and development services revenue consists of amounts recognized from the portions of the nonrefundable upfront payments received from Gilead and Taiho and allocated to performance obligations for licenses or R&D activities performed by us as we develop our investigational products under the terms of our collaboration agreements. License and development services revenues are recognized based upon the timing of the delivery of a license or service if delivery is complete, or based on estimates of each performance obligation's percentage of completion at the period end if it is still in process. We calculate percentage of completion as a ratio of effort incurred to date on each performance obligation to the total estimated effort to be incurred to satisfy that performance obligation.

Previous wording

Other collaboration revenue consists primarily of amounts recognized from the portions of the nonrefundable upfront payments received from Gilead and Taiho and allocated to performance obligations relating to access to our investigational pipeline recognized over the period of access.

Current wording

Other collaboration revenue consists primarily of amounts recognized from the portions of the nonrefundable upfront payments received from Gilead and Taiho and allocated to performance obligations relating to their access to our investigational pipeline or our obligation to perform certain discovery and early development activities. Revenue related to access rights is recognized over the period of access, and revenue related to discovery and early development activities is recognized as the performance obligation is satisfied.

Previous wording

Our research and development expenses consist of costs incurred in connection with the research and development of our pipeline programs. These expenses include preclinical and clinical expenses, payroll and personnel expenses, including stock-based compensation for our employees in R&D, laboratory supplies, product licenses, consulting costs, contract research, and depreciation. Shared facility expenses are allocated to functional groups proportionally based on usage. Under certain collaboration agreements we agree to share research and development expenses with our partners. Such cost sharing arrangements may result in receiving reimbursement from our partners or require that we reimburse our partners for qualified expenses. We expense both internal and external research and development costs as they are incurred. We record advance payments for services that will be used or rendered for future research and development activities as prepaid expenses and recognize them as an expense as the related services are performed. We recognize reimbursement for shared costs incurred by us and reimbursed by our partners as a reduction in research and development expense.

Current wording

Our R&D expenses consist of costs incurred in connection with the R&D of our pipeline programs. These expenses include preclinical and clinical expenses, payroll and personnel expenses, including stock-based compensation for our employees in R&D, laboratory supplies, product licenses, consulting costs, contract research, and depreciation. Shared facility expenses are allocated to functional groups proportionally based on usage. Under certain collaboration agreements we agree to share R&D expenses with our partners. Such cost sharing arrangements may result in receiving reimbursement from our partners or require that we reimburse our partners for qualified expenses. We expense both internal and external R&D costs as they are incurred. We record advance payments for services that will be used or rendered for future R&D activities as prepaid expenses and recognize them as an expense as the related services are performed. We recognize reimbursement for shared costs incurred by us and reimbursed by our partners as a reduction in R&D expense as the underlying costs are incurred.

Previous wording

We do not allocate all our costs by investigational product, as a significant amount of research and development expenses include internal costs, such as payroll and other personnel expenses, and certain external costs that are not recorded at the investigational product level. In particular, with respect to internal costs, several of our departments support multiple research and development programs, and we do not allocate those costs by investigational product.

Current wording

We do not allocate all our costs by investigational product, as a significant amount of R&D expenses include internal costs, such as payroll and other personnel expenses, and certain external costs that are not recorded at the investigational product level. In particular, with respect to internal costs, several of our departments support multiple R&D programs, and we do not allocate those costs by investigational product.

Previous wording

The level of our future research and development investment will depend on a number of factors and uncertainties, including the breadth of the joint development program agreed to with Gilead for the optioned programs, the outcome of our efforts, and the amount of cost reimbursements or milestone payments we receive from our collaborators. We expect our research and development expenses to increase substantially during the next few years as we pursue joint development programs with Gilead and advance these programs towards regulatory approval. We also expect to advance new programs into the clinic. All of this will require significant growth in our development capabilities and infrastructure. In addition, our joint development programs with Gilead for the optioned molecules are anticipated to include a significant number of later-stage clinical trials, which typically include a larger number of subjects, are of a longer duration and include more geographic regions. As we advance our clinical-stage programs and prepare to seek regulatory approval, we will also need to increase our late-stage manufacturing activities. As a result, we expect our preclinical, clinical, and contract manufacturing expenses to increase significantly relative to what we have incurred to date.

Current wording

The level of our future R&D investment will depend on a number of factors and uncertainties, including the breadth of the joint development program agreed to with Gilead for the optioned programs, the outcome of our efforts, and the amount of cost reimbursements or milestone payments we receive from our collaborators. We expect our R&D expenses to increase substantially during the next few years as we pursue joint development programs with Gilead and advance these programs towards regulatory approval. We also expect to advance new programs into the clinic. All of this will require significant growth in our development capabilities and infrastructure. In addition, our joint development programs with Gilead for the optioned molecules are anticipated to include a significant number of later-stage clinical trials, which typically include a larger number of subjects, are of a longer duration and include more geographic regions. As we advance our clinical-stage programs and prepare to seek regulatory approval, we will also need to increase our late-stage manufacturing activities. As a result, we expect our preclinical, clinical, and contract manufacturing expenses to increase significantly relative to what we have incurred to date.

Previous wording

General and Administrative ("G&A") expenses consist principally of personnel-related costs including payroll and stock-based compensation for personnel in executive, finance, human resources, information technology, business and corporate development, and other administrative functions. Shared facility expenses are allocated to functional groups proportionally based on usage. Our G&A expenses also include professional fees for legal, consulting, and accounting services, rent and other facilities costs, fixed asset depreciation, and other general operating expenses not otherwise classified as research and development expenses. We do not receive significant reimbursements of these costs through our collaboration with Gilead.

Current wording

General and Administrative ("G&A") expenses consist principally of personnel-related costs including payroll and stock-based compensation for personnel in executive, finance, human resources, information technology, business and corporate development, and other administrative functions. Shared facility expenses are allocated to functional groups proportionally based on usage. Our G&A expenses also include professional fees for legal, consulting, and accounting services, rent and other facilities costs, fixed asset depreciation, and other general operating expenses not otherwise classified as R&D expenses. We do not receive significant reimbursements of these costs through our collaboration with Gilead.

Previous wording

We anticipate that our G&A expenses will increase during the next few years as we support our growing research and development activities, including due to staff expansion, and other costs associated with increased infrastructure needs.

Current wording

We anticipate that our G&A expenses will increase during the next few years as we support our growing R&D activities, including due to staff expansion, and other costs associated with increased infrastructure needs.

Previous wording

Non-operating income, net consists primarily of interest earned on our investments in fixed-income marketable securities and non-cash interest expense incurred under the effective interest method on our liability for sale of future royalties to BVF.

Current wording

Non-operating income, net consists primarily of interest earned on our investments in fixed-income marketable securities, interest expense on our loan financing with Hercules, and non-cash interest expense incurred under the effective interest method on our liability for sale of future royalties to BVF.

Previous wording

See Note 5, Revenues to our Consolidated Financial Statements, in Part II, Item 8 for further discussion of the amount and timing of revenues recognized from our license and collaboration agreements.

Current wording

See Note 5, Revenues, in Part II, Item 8 for further discussion of the amount and timing of revenues recognized from our license and collaboration agreements.

Previous wording

The increase in R&D expenses for 2022 as compared to 2021 was primarily driven by higher costs to support our expanding late-stage development program activities, including clinical trial costs, manufacturing costs and standard-of-care therapeutic purchases, and early-stage development and preclinical program activities. Our growing headcount drove an increase in compensation and personnel costs, including a $4 million increase in non-cash stock-based compensation. The overall increase was partially offset by higher reimbursements for shared expenses from our collaborators, primarily the Gilead collaboration which was expanded in December 2021.

Current wording

The increase in R&D expenses for 2024 as compared to 2023 was primarily driven by higher costs to support our expanding late-stage development program activities, driven by higher enrollment in our Phase 3 studies for domvanalimab and the initiation of the quemliclustat Phase 3 trial PRISM-1, and the timing of our manufacturing activities. Our growing headcount drove an increase in compensation and personnel costs, including a $3 million increase in non-cash stock-based compensation. Our partnership reimbursements were flat compared to the prior year despite the increases in gross costs, due to increases in Gilead-led activities and programs fully funded by us.

Previous wording

The increase in R&D expenses for 2023 as compared to 2022 was primarily driven by higher costs to support our expanding late-stage development program activities, including standard-of-care therapeutic purchases, partially offset by lower clinical manufacturing costs due to the timing of activities. Our growing headcount drove an increase in compensation and personnel costs, including a $2 million increase in non-cash stock-based compensation. The overall increase was partially offset by reduced spend in our early-stage development and preclinical program activities due to fewer Phase 2 studies and higher clinical manufacturing costs in 2022 to support expanding study activities.

Current wording

The increase in R&D expenses for 2023 as compared to 2022 was primarily driven by higher costs to support our expanding late-stage development program activities, including standard-of-care therapeutic purchases, partially offset by lower clinical manufacturing costs due to the timing of activities. Our growing headcount drove an increase in compensation and personnel costs, including a $2 million increase in non-cash stock-based compensation. The overall increase was partially offset by reduced spend in our early-stage R&D and preclinical program activities due to fewer Phase 2 studies and higher clinical manufacturing costs in 2022 to support expanding study activities.

Previous wording

The increase in G&A expenses for 2022 as compared to 2021 was primarily driven by the increased complexity of supporting our expanding clinical pipeline and partnership obligations. Our growing headcount and our 2022 stock awards drove a $15 million increase in employee compensation costs, including $6 million in increased non-cash stock-based compensation. We also incurred a $13 million increase in office facilities expense due to the expansion of our office space to support our growing headcount.

Current wording

The increase in G&A expenses for 2024 as compared to 2023 was primarily driven by the increased complexity of supporting our expanding clinical pipeline and partnership obligations. Our growing headcount and our stock awards drove an increase in employee compensation costs. The overall increase in G&A expenses was partially offset by income from subleases of space in our Brisbane office.

Previous wording

The increase in G&A expenses for 2023 as compared to 2022 was primarily driven by the increased complexity of supporting our expanding clinical pipeline and partnership obligations. Our growing headcount and our 2023 stock awards drove a $9 million increase in employee compensation costs, including $6 million in increased non-cash stock-based compensation.

Current wording

The increase in G&A expenses for 2023 as compared to 2022 was primarily driven by the increased complexity of supporting our expanding clinical pipeline and partnership obligations. Our growing headcount and our 2023 stock awards drove an increase in employee compensation costs, including $6 million in increased non-cash stock-based compensation.

Previous wording

The increase in Non-operating income, net for 2022 as compared to 2021 was primarily due to a larger portfolio of marketable fixed-income securities and higher interest income resulting from increased investment yields as compared to the prior year.

Current wording

The increase in Non-operating income, net for 2024 as compared to 2023 was primarily due to higher interest income resulting from increased investment yields and higher average portfolio balances as compared to the prior year, driven by $320 million received from Gilead in the first quarter 2024 under the amended Stock Purchase Agreement.

Previous wording

The decrease in Income tax expense for 2022 as compared to 2021 was due primarily to lower pretax income.

Current wording

The decrease in Income tax expense for 2024 as compared to 2023 was primarily due to a decrease in taxable income compared to the prior year.

Previous wording

The 2023 and 2022 Income tax expense considers the impact of the capitalization of R&D expenses for income tax purposes due to changes in U.S. legislation. The capitalization of R&D expenses may materially impact income tax expense in future years.

Current wording

The Income tax expense for each of the years shown considers the impact of the capitalization of R&D expenses for income tax purposes due to changes in U.S. legislation. The capitalization of R&D expenses may materially impact income tax expense in future years.

Previous wording

Our cash and investments are held in a variety of interest-bearing instruments, including money market funds, U.S. government treasury and agency obligations, investments in corporate securities and certificates of deposit. Based on our existing business plan, we believe that our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities as of December 31, 2023, together with the $320 million we received from Gilead for their equity investment on January 29, 2024, will be sufficient to fund our planned level of operations into 2027.

Current wording

Our cash and investments are held in a variety of interest-bearing instruments, including money market funds, U.S. government treasury and agency obligations, investments in corporate securities and certificates of deposit. Based on our existing business plan, we believe that our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities as of December 31, 2024, which together with the proceeds from our equity financing in February 2025, we believe will be sufficient to fund our planned level of operations for the foreseeable future and provide funding to our initial pivotal read-outs for domvanalimab, quemliclustat and casdatifan including STAR-221, PRISM-1 and PEAK-1.

Previous wording

To date, we have financed our operations primarily from the sale of our equity securities and upfront or milestone payments from our research, collaboration and license agreements with our strategic partners including Gilead. We will need substantial additional funding to support our continuing operations and pursue our development strategy. Until such time that we can generate significant revenue from sales of our investigational products, if ever, we expect to finance our operations through the sale of equity, debt financings or other capital sources, including existing or potential collaborations with other companies or other strategic transactions. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors” for a discussion of the factors that could impact our liquidity.

Current wording

To date, we have financed our operations primarily from the sale of our equity securities, upfront or milestone payments from our research, collaboration and license agreements with our strategic partners including Gilead and debt financing. We will need substantial additional funding to support our continuing operations and pursue our development strategy. Until such time that we can generate significant revenue from sales of our investigational products, if ever, we expect to finance our operations through the sale of equity, debt financings or other capital sources, including existing or potential collaborations with other companies or other strategic transactions. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors” for a discussion of the factors that could impact our liquidity.

Previous wording

Under the Stock Purchase Agreement, Gilead has the right, at its option, to purchase additional shares from us, up to a maximum ownership of 35% of our then-outstanding voting common stock, from time to time until July 2025. In June 2023, we amended and restated the Stock Purchase Agreement and sold 1.0 million shares of our common stock to Gilead at a purchase price of $19.26 per share for total gross proceeds of $20 million. In January 2024, we further amended and restated the Stock Purchase Agreement and sold 15.2 million shares of our common stock to Gilead at a purchase price of $21.00 per share for total gross proceeds of $320 million.

Current wording

Under the Stock Purchase Agreement, Gilead has the right, at its option, to purchase additional shares from us, up to a maximum ownership of 35% of our then-outstanding voting common stock, from time to time until July 2025. In the first quarter 2024, we further amended and restated the Stock Purchase Agreement and sold 15.2 million shares of our common stock to Gilead at a purchase price of $21.00 per share for total gross proceeds of $320 million. Of the $320 million equity investment, $87 million was determined to be a premium on the purchase of common stock and allocated to the performance obligations created by the Third Gilead Collaboration Agreement Amendment. As of December 31, 2024, Gilead held approximately 32.6% of our outstanding common stock arising from purchases in our 2020 public offering and purchases under the Stock Purchase Agreement and the related amendments. Gilead acquired an additional 1.4 million shares of our common stock in the February 2025 underwritten offering and subsequently held approximately 29.7% of our common stock as of February 19, 2025.

Previous wording

In 2023, we entered into an equity distribution agreement pursuant to which we may, from time to time, sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $200 million. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we issued and sold under this agreement 0.2 million shares of our common stock for total net proceeds of $5 million.

Current wording

In 2023, we entered into an equity distribution agreement pursuant to which we may, from time to time, sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $200 million. We had no activity during the year ended December 31, 2024, and during the year ended December 31, 2023, we issued and sold under this agreement 0.2 million shares of our common stock for total net proceeds of $5 million. See Note 15, Stockholders’ equity, in Part II, Item 8 for further discussion.

Previous wording

The following table summarizes our cash flow activities for each of the periods presented below (in millions):

Current wording

The following table summarizes our cash flow activities (in millions):

Previous wording

Net cash used in operating activities for 2023 was $306 million as compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $438 million for the same period in the prior year. The change in operating cash flows is primarily due to $725 million received from Gilead in January 2022 under the Gilead Collaboration Agreement.

Current wording

Net cash used in operating activities for 2023 was $306 million as compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $438 million for the prior year. The change in operating cash flows is primarily due to $725 million received from Gilead in 2022 under the Gilead Collaboration Agreement.

Previous wording

We are obligated to make payments for operating leases. See Note 13 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 for further discussion.

Current wording

We are obligated to make payments for operating leases. See Note 14, Leases, in Part II, Item 8 for further discussion.

Previous wording

We are contractually obligated to pay additional amounts that in the aggregate are significant, upon the achievement of various development, regulatory and commercial milestones for agreements we have entered into with third parties. These payments are contingent upon the occurrence of various future events, substantially all of which have a high degree of uncertainty of occurring, and any resulting cash requirements are managed through our operational budgeting processes. See Note 4 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 for further discussion.

Current wording

We are contractually obligated to pay additional amounts that in the aggregate are significant, upon the achievement of various development, regulatory and commercial milestones for agreements we have entered into with third parties. These payments are contingent upon the occurrence of various future events, substantially all of which have a high degree of uncertainty of occurring, and any resulting cash requirements are managed through our operational budgeting processes. See Note 4, License and collaborations, in Part II, Item 8 for further discussion.

Previous wording

We have a liability for sale of future royalties which consists of the current balance of estimated contingent milestone and royalty payments under the BVF agreement. See Note 15 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 for further discussion.

Current wording

We have a liability for sale of future royalties which consists of the current balance of estimated contingent milestone and royalty payments under the BVF agreement. See Note 16, Fair value measurements, in Part II, Item 8 for further discussion.

Previous wording

Our Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP"). The preparation of these Consolidated Financial Statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements, as well as the reported revenue and expenses incurred during the reporting periods. Our estimates are based on our historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We believe that the accounting policies discussed below are critical to understanding our historical and future performance, as these policies relate to the more significant areas involving management’s significant judgments and estimates.

Current wording

Our Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these Consolidated Financial Statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements, as well as the reported revenue and expenses incurred during the reporting periods. Our estimates are based on our historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Previous wording

While our significant accounting policies are described in the notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements, we believe that the following critical accounting estimates are most important to understanding and evaluating our reported financial results.

Current wording

While our significant accounting policies are described in the notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements, we believe that the accounting policies discussed below are critical to understanding our historical and future performance, as these policies relate to the more significant areas involving management's significant judgments and estimates.

Previous wording

At the inception of an arrangement, we evaluate if a counterparty to a contract is a customer, if the arrangement is within the scope of revenue from contracts with customers guidance, and the term of the contract. We recognize revenue when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services in a contract for an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those goods or services. For contracts with customers, we perform the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy each performance obligation. We only apply the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that we will collect the consideration we are entitled to in exchange for the goods or services we transfer to the customer. As part of the accounting for contracts with customers, we develop assumptions that require judgment to determine the standalone selling price of each performance obligation identified in the contract. In addition, variable consideration such as milestone payments are evaluated to determine if they are constrained and, therefore, excluded from the transaction price. We then allocate the total transaction price to each performance obligation based on their relative estimated standalone selling prices. We then recognize as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.

Current wording

As part of the accounting for contracts with customers, we develop assumptions that require judgment to determine the standalone selling price of each performance obligation identified in the contract.