Custom Truck One Source Inc

Previous wording

Revenue — As a full-service equipment provider, we generate revenue through renting, selling, assembling, upfitting, and servicing new and used heavy-duty trucks and cranes, as well as the sale of related parts. We also sell and rent specialized tools on an individual basis and in kits. Rental revenue is primarily comprised of revenues from rental agreements and freight charges billed to customers. The Company records changes in estimated collectability directly against rental revenue. Equipment sales revenue reflects the value of vocational trucks and other equipment sold to customers. Parts and service revenue is derived from maintenance and repair services, light upfit services, and parts, tools and accessories sold directly to customers. Rental revenue excludes active rental contracts which qualify to be accounted for as sales-type leases.

Current wording

Revenue — As a full-service equipment provider, we generate revenue through renting, selling, assembling, upfitting, and servicing new and used heavy-duty trucks and cranes, as well as the sale of related parts. We also sell and rent specialized tools on an individual basis and in kits. Rental revenue is primarily comprised of revenues from rental agreements and freight charges billed to customers. The Company records changes in estimated collectability directly against rental revenue. Equipment sales revenue reflects the value of vocational trucks and other equipment sold to customers as well as upfit services. Parts and service revenue is derived from maintenance and repair services, and parts, tools and accessories sold directly to customers. Rental revenue excludes active rental contracts which qualify to be accounted for as sales-type leases.

Previous wording

Interest expense — Interest expense consists of contractual interest expense on outstanding debt obligations, floorplan financing facilities, amortization of deferred financing costs and other related financing expenses.

Current wording

Interest expense — Interest expense consists of contractual interest expense on outstanding debt obligations, floor plan financing facilities, amortization of deferred financing costs and other related to derivative financial instruments.

Previous wording

Income Tax Expense — We have net operating loss carryforward and disallowed interest deduction carryforward assets, which are generally available to be used to offset taxable income generated in future years. Due to limitations on the use of these carryforwards under U.S. federal and state income tax regulations, we record valuation allowances to reduce the carryforward assets to amounts that we estimate will be realized. Accordingly, income tax expense or benefit generally is comprised of changes to these valuation allowance estimates and does not reflect taxes on current period income (or tax benefit on current period losses). For these reasons, our effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory tax rate.

Current wording

Income Tax Expense (Benefit) — We have net operating loss carryforward and disallowed interest deduction carryforward assets, which are generally available to be used to offset taxable income generated in future years. Due to limitations on the use of these carryforwards under U.S. federal and state income tax regulations, we record valuation allowances to reduce the carryforward assets to amounts that we estimate will be realized. Accordingly, income tax expense or benefit generally is comprised of changes to these valuation allowance estimates and does not reflect taxes on current period income (or tax benefit on current period losses). For these reasons, our effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory tax rate.

Previous wording

Equipment Rental Solutions (“ERS”) Segment — We own a broad range of new and used specialty equipment, including truck-mounted aerial lifts, cranes, service trucks, dump trucks, trailers, digger derricks and other machinery and equipment. As of December 31, 2023, this equipment (the “rental fleet”) is comprised of more than 10,300 units. The majority of our rental fleet can be used across a variety of end-markets, which coincides with the needs of many of our customers who operate in multiple end-markets. As is customary for equipment rental companies, we sell used equipment out of our rental fleet to end user customers. These sales are often made in response to specific customer requests. These sales offer customers an opportunity to buy well-maintained equipment with long remaining useful lives and enable us to effectively manage the age and mix of our rental fleet to match current market demand. We also employ rental purchase options (“RPOs”) on a select basis, which provide a buyout option with an established purchase price that decreases over time as rental revenue is collected. Customers are given credit against such purchase price for a portion of the amounts paid over the life of the rental, allowing customers the flexibility of a rental with the option to purchase at any time at a known price. Activities in our ERS segment consist of the rental and sale from the rental fleet of the foregoing products.

Current wording

Equipment Rental Solutions (“ERS”) Segment — We own a broad range of new and used specialty equipment, including truck-mounted aerial lifts, cranes, service trucks, dump trucks, trailers, digger derricks and other machinery and equipment. As of December 31, 2024, this equipment (the “rental fleet”) is comprised of more than 10,000 units. The majority of our rental fleet can be used across a variety of end-markets, which coincides with the needs of many of our customers who operate in multiple end-markets. As is customary for equipment rental companies, we sell used equipment out of our rental fleet to end user customers. These sales are often made in response to specific customer requests. These sales offer customers an opportunity to buy well-maintained equipment with long remaining useful lives and enable us to effectively manage the age and mix of our rental fleet to match current market demand. We also employ rental purchase options (“RPOs”) on a select basis, which provide a buyout option with an established purchase price that decreases over time as rental revenue is collected. Customers are given credit against such purchase price for a portion of the amounts paid over the life of the rental, allowing customers the flexibility of a rental with the option to purchase at any time at a known price. Activities in our ERS segment consist of the rental and sale from the rental fleet of the foregoing products.

Previous wording

We continue to focus on four primary end-markets: Electric Utility Transmission and Distribution, or T&D, Telecom, Rail, Forestry, Waste Management, and Infrastructure. In the T&D end-market, we continue to observe demand for new generation assets resulting in the development of new transmission lines as well as repair projects to address advanced-age transmission and distribution grids to replace existing lines and poles. These factors resulted in continued demand from our customers of the Company’s products and services. Telecom, specifically the roll-out of 5G, has seen some positive trends over the last few years. Our existing T&D related contactor customers will continue to deliver the roll-out, and our existing equipment portfolio aligns well with the needs of this market. Rail investment, both in the freight and commuter markets, remains robust. The existing rail infrastructure is aged and in need of maintenance. Infrastructure also provides potential growth opportunities as seen by the major road and bridge maintenance work experienced across the United States.

Current wording

We continue to focus on six primary end-markets: Electric Utility Transmission and Distribution, or T&D, Telecom, Rail, Forestry, Waste Management, and Infrastructure. In the T&D end-market, we continue to observe demand for new generation assets resulting in the development of new transmission lines as well as repair projects to address advanced-age transmission and distribution grids to replace existing lines and poles. These factors resulted in continued demand from our customers of the Company’s products and services. Telecom, specifically the continued expansion of 5G, has seen some positive trends over the last few years. Our existing T&D related contactor customers will continue to deliver the roll-out, and our existing equipment portfolio aligns well with the needs of this market. Rail investment, both in the freight and commuter markets, remains robust. The existing rail infrastructure is aged and in need of maintenance. Infrastructure also provides potential growth opportunities as seen by the major road and bridge maintenance work experienced across the United States.

Previous wording

Cost of Revenue, Excluding Rental Equipment Depreciation - Consistent with the increase in revenue versus the prior year, the increase in cost of revenue, excluding rental equipment depreciation, was driven primarily by the increase in new and rental equipment sales volume.

Current wording

Cost of Revenue, Excluding Rental Equipment Depreciation - The decrease in cost of revenue, excluding rental equipment depreciation was driven primarily by the decrease in equipment sales volume during the year ended December 31, 2024.

Previous wording

Depreciation of Rental Equipment - Depreciation expense of our rental equipment for the year ended December 31, 2023, was consistent with the prior year, decreasing by 0.6%, largely due to the timing of additions to the rental fleet.

Current wording

Depreciation of Rental Equipment - Depreciation expense of our rental equipment for the year ended December 31, 2024 increased as a result of higher rental equipment levels.

Previous wording

Total Other Expense -The increase in other expense for the year ended December 31, 2023, was primarily due to an increase in interest expense from variable rate debt and floor plan financing liabilities, as well as a decrease in mark-to-market income from the private warrants liability (accounted for as a derivative financial instrument) to $2.5 million in 2023, from $20.3 million in 2022.

Current wording

Total Other Expense -The increase in other expense for the year ended December 31, 2024, was primarily due to the increase in interest expense from variable rate debt and floor plan financing liabilities.

Previous wording

Income Tax Expense - Our overall effective tax rate is affected by a number of factors, such as the relative amounts of income we earn in differing tax jurisdictions, tax law changes, certain non-deductible expenses (non-taxable income), such as compensation disallowance and mark-to-market adjustments on derivative financial instruments, and changes in the valuation allowance we establish against deferred tax assets. The rate is also affected by discrete items that may occur in any given year, such as legislative enactments and changes in our corporate structure that may occur. These discrete items may not be consistent from year to year. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the impact of state income taxes and a tax benefit from the reduction to the valuation allowance, resulted in an overall effective tax rate in the period of 12.7%, $7.4 million of tax expense being recognized. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the impact of discrete items, including derivative mark-to-market adjustments, transaction and integration expenses, our foreign operations and changes in the valuation allowance, resulted in an overall effective tax rate in the period of 16.7%, $7.8 million of tax expense recognized.

Current wording

Income Tax Expense - Our overall effective tax rate is affected by a number of factors, such as the relative amounts of income we earn in differing tax jurisdictions, tax law changes, certain non-deductible expenses (non-taxable income), such as compensation disallowance and mark-to-market adjustments on derivative financial instruments, and changes in the valuation allowance we establish against deferred tax assets. The rate is also affected by discrete items that may occur in any given year, such as legislative enactments and changes in our corporate structure that may occur. These discrete items may not be consistent from year to year. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the changes in the effective tax rates were primarily due to pre-tax book loss and the effects of permanent adjustments in the current period, resulting in an overall effective tax rate in the period of 1.8%, $0.5 million of tax expense being recognized. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the impact of state income taxes and a tax benefit from the reduction to the valuation allowance resulted in an overall effective tax rate in the period of 12.7%, $7.4 million of tax expense recognized.

Previous wording

Net Income - The change in net income for the year ended December 31, 2023, was primarily the result of gross profit expansion, partially offset by higher interest expense on variable-rate debt and variable-rate floor plan liabilities.

Current wording

Net Income - The change in net income for the year ended December 31, 2024, was primarily the result of decreased gross profit and higher interest expense on variable-rate debt and variable-rate floor plan liabilities.

Previous wording

Gross Profit - The increase in gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, was due to the increase in rental revenues and equipment sales for the period, partially offset by increased cost of revenue driven by factors discussed above.

Current wording

Gross Profit - The decrease in gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, was due to the decrease in rental revenues and rental equipment sales.

Previous wording

Cost of Equipment Sales -The increase in cost of equipment sales for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, was due to an increase in equipment sales.

Current wording

Cost of Equipment Sales -The increase in cost of equipment sales for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, was due to an increase in equipment sales volume.

Previous wording

Our principal sources of liquidity include cash generated by operating activities and borrowings under revolving credit facilities as described below. We believe that our liquidity sources and operating cash flows are sufficient to address our operating, debt service and capital requirements, including investments in our rental fleet, over the next 12 months. As of December 31, 2023, we had $10.3 million in cash and cash equivalents compared to $14.4 million as of December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2023, we had $552.4 million of outstanding borrowings under our ABL Facility compared to $437.7 million of outstanding borrowings as of December 31, 2022.

Current wording

Our principal sources of liquidity include cash generated by operating activities and borrowings under revolving credit facilities as described below. We believe that our liquidity sources and operating cash flows are sufficient to address our operating, debt service and capital requirements, including investments in our rental fleet, over the next 12 months and beyond. As of December 31, 2024, we had $3.8 million in cash and cash equivalents compared to $10.3 million as of December 31, 2023. As of December 31, 2024, we had

Previous wording

The ABL Facility contains customary negative covenants for transactions of this type, including covenants that, among other things, limit Buyer’s and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to: incur additional indebtedness; pay dividends, redeem stock, or make other distributions; repurchase, prepay or redeem subordinated indebtedness; make investments; create restrictions on the ability of Buyer’s restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends to Buyer; create liens; transfer or sell assets; consolidate, merge, sell, or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of Buyer’s assets; enter into certain transactions with Buyer’s affiliates; and designate subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries, in each case subject to certain exceptions, as well as a restrictive covenant applicable to each Specified Floor Plan Company (as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement) limiting its ability to own certain assets and engage in certain lines of business. The covenants governing the payment of dividends and making other distributions are based upon a combination of fixed amounts, percentages of Adjusted EBITDA or upon multiple pro forma measures depending on the purpose of any such dividend payments or distributions the Buyer and its restricted subsidiaries are permitted to make. Unlimited dividends under the ABL Facility may be permitted so long as, on a pro forma basis, “distribution conditions” (as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement governing the ABL Facility) are satisfied. As of December 31, 2023, the Company’s distribution conditions were satisfied and, as a result, the Company determined there were no restrictions on distribution by the Buyer and its restricted subsidiaries by the ABL Credit Agreement.

Current wording

The ABL Facility contains customary negative covenants for transactions of this type, including covenants that, among other things, limit Nesco Holdings II, Inc., our wholly owned subsidiary (the “Borrower” with respect to the ABL Facility, or the “Issuer” with respect to the Indenture) and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to: incur additional indebtedness; pay dividends, redeem stock, or make other distributions; repurchase, prepay or redeem subordinated indebtedness; make investments; create restrictions on the ability of the Borrower’s restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends; create liens; transfer or sell assets; consolidate, merge, sell, or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of Borrower’s assets; enter into certain transactions with the Borrower’s affiliates; and designate subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries, in each case subject to certain exceptions, as well as a restrictive covenant applicable to each Specified Floor Plan Company (as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement) limiting its ability to own certain assets and engage in certain lines of business. The covenants governing the payment of dividends and making other distributions are based upon a combination of fixed amounts, percentages of Adjusted EBITDA or upon multiple pro forma measures depending on the purpose of any such dividend payments or distributions the Borrower and its restricted subsidiaries are permitted to make. Unlimited dividends under the ABL Facility may be permitted so long as, on a pro forma basis, “distribution conditions” (as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement governing the ABL Facility) are satisfied. As of December 31, 2024, the Company’s distribution conditions were satisfied and, as a result, the Company determined there were no restrictions on distributions by the Borrower and its restricted subsidiaries by the ABL Credit Agreement.

Previous wording

The Indenture contains covenants that limit the Issuer’s (and certain of its subsidiaries’) ability to, among other things: (i) incur additional debt or issue certain preferred stock; (ii) pay dividends, redeem stock, or make other distributions; (iii) make other restricted payments or investments; (iv) create liens on assets; (v) transfer or sell assets; (vi) create restrictions on payment of dividends or other amounts by the Issuer to the Issuer’s restricted subsidiaries; (vii) engage in mergers or consolidations; (viii) engage in certain transactions with affiliates; or (ix) designate the Issuer’s subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries. The covenants governing the payment of dividends and making other distributions are based upon a combination of fixed amounts, percentages of Adjusted EBITDA or upon multiple pro forma measures depending on the purpose of any such dividend payments or distributions the Issuer and its restricted subsidiaries are permitted to make. Unlimited dividends, under 2029 Indenture, may be made so long as after giving effect to making the dividends, the consolidated total debt ratio would be no greater than 5.00 to 1.00 on a pro forma basis. As of December 31, 2023, the Company’s consolidated total debt ratio was not greater than 5.00 to 1.00 and, as a result, the Company determined there were no restrictions on distribution by the Issuer and its restricted subsidiaries by the Indenture. See Note 9: Long-Term Debt in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements under Part II, Item 8 for more information.

Current wording

The Indenture contains covenants that limit the Issuer’s (and certain of its subsidiaries’) ability to, among other things: (i) incur additional debt or issue certain preferred stock; (ii) pay dividends, redeem stock, or make other distributions; (iii) make other restricted payments or investments; (iv) create liens on assets; (v) transfer or sell assets; (vi) create restrictions on payment of dividends or other amounts by the Issuer’s restricted subsidiaries; (vii) engage in mergers or consolidations; (viii) engage in certain transactions with affiliates; or (ix) designate the Issuer’s subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries. The covenants governing the payment of dividends and making other distributions are based upon a combination of fixed amounts, percentages of Adjusted EBITDA or upon multiple pro forma measures depending on the purpose of any such dividend payments or distributions the Issuer and its restricted subsidiaries are permitted to make. Unlimited dividends, under the Indenture, may be made so long as after giving effect to making the dividends, the Consolidated Total Debt Ratio would be no greater than 5.00 to 1.00 on a pro forma basis. As of December 31, 2024, the Company’s Consolidated Total Debt Ratio was not greater than 5.00 to 1.00 and, as a result, the Company determined there were no restrictions on distributions by the Issuer and its restricted subsidiaries by the Indenture. For further information on the ABL Facility and Indenture, see Note 8: Long-Term Debt in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements under Part II, Item 8.

Previous wording

The Company presents Net Leverage Ratio, which is equivalent to Consolidated Total Net Leverage Ratio in our ABL Credit Agreement and Consolidated Total Debt Ratio in the Indenture, is defined as Net Debt over Adjusted EBITDA. Net debt is defined as total debt (calculated as current and long-term debt, excluding deferred financing fees, plus current and long-term finance lease obligations) minus cash and cash equivalents.

Current wording

The Company presents Net Leverage Ratio, which is equivalent to Consolidated Total Net Leverage Ratio in our ABL Credit Agreement and Consolidated Total Debt Ratio in the Indenture, is defined as Net Debt over Adjusted EBITDA for the previous twelve-month period. Net debt is defined as total debt (calculated as current and long-term debt, excluding deferred financing fees, plus current and long-term finance lease obligations) minus cash and cash equivalents.

Previous wording

(1) Represents the non-cash impact of purchase accounting, net of accumulated depreciation, on the cost of equipment and inventory sold. The equipment and inventory acquired received a purchase accounting step-up in basis, which is a non-cash adjustment to the equipment cost pursuant to our ABL Credit Agreement.

Current wording

(1) Represents the non-cash impact of purchase accounting, net of accumulated depreciation, on the cost of equipment and inventory sold. The equipment and inventory acquired received a purchase accounting step-up in basis, which is a non-cash adjustment to the equipment cost pursuant to our ABL Credit Agreement and Indenture.

Previous wording

(3) Represents the impact of sales-type lease accounting for certain leases containing RPOs, as the application of sales-type lease accounting is not deemed to be representative of the ongoing cash flows of the underlying rental contracts. The adjustments are made pursuant to our ABL Credit Agreement.

Current wording

(3) Represents the impact of sales-type lease accounting for certain leases containing RPOs, as the application of sales-type lease accounting is not deemed to be representative of the ongoing cash flows of the underlying rental contracts. The adjustments are made pursuant to our ABL Credit Agreement and Indenture. the components of this adjustment are presented in the table below.

Previous wording

(5) Represents the charge to earnings for our interest rate collar and the change in fair value of the liability for warrants.

Current wording

(6) Represents the charge to earnings for the change in fair value of the liability for warrants. On July 31, 2024, all of the Company’s stock purchase warrants expired and unexercised.

Previous wording

Our expected material contractual cash requirements over the next twelve months primarily consist of minimum operating lease obligations of $8.8 million, debt principal and interest payments of $8.0 million and $101.8 million, respectively, and the repayment of floor plan borrowings. We enter into purchase agreements with manufacturers and suppliers of chassis, parts and components and attachments, for our rental fleet and inventory. The purchase agreements are cancellable within a specified notification period to the supplier. Such amounts are not estimable as of December 31, 2023.

Current wording

Our expected material contractual cash requirements over the next twelve months primarily consist of minimum operating lease obligations of $14.4 million, debt principal and interest payments of $7.8 million and $99.5 million, respectively, and the repayment of floor plan borrowings. We enter into purchase agreements with manufacturers and suppliers of chassis, parts and components and attachments, for our rental fleet and inventory. The purchase agreements are cancellable within a specified notification period to the supplier. Such amounts are not estimable as of December 31, 2024.

Previous wording

Operating Lease Payments. We have short-term and long-term minimum cash requirements for operating lease payments of $8.8 million and $41.6 million, respectively. The total amounts do not equal the carrying amount due to imputed interest. See Note 10: Leases as Lessee in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements under Part II, Item 8, for a summary of the estimated future repayment terms for the operating lease amounts.

Current wording

Operating Lease Payments. We have short-term and long-term minimum cash requirements for operating lease payments of $14.4 million and $158.4 million, respectively. The total amounts do not equal the carrying amount due to imputed interest. See Note 9: Leases as Lessee in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements under Part II, Item 8, for a summary of the estimated future repayment terms for the operating lease amounts.

Previous wording

Floor Plan Financing. We have floor plan payables of $662.3 million at December 31, 2023 that represent financing arrangement to facilitate our purchase of chassis, parts, components and attachments inventory. All floor plan payables are collateralized by the inventory financed. These payables become due and payable upon the sale, transfer, or reclassification of each unit to inventory. See Note 7: Floor Plan Financing in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements under Part II, Item 8, for obligations related to trade and non-trade floor plan financings.

Current wording

Floor Plan Financing. We have floor plan payables of $801.3 million at December 31, 2024 that represent financing arrangement to facilitate our purchase of chassis, parts, components and attachments inventory. All floor plan payables are collateralized by the inventory financed. These payables become due and payable upon the sale, transfer, or reclassification of each unit to inventory. See Note 6: Floor Plan Financing in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements under Part II, Item 8, for obligations related to trade and non-trade floor plan financings.

Previous wording

Notes Payable and Loan Principal and Interest Payments. We have short-term and long-term cash requirements of $8.0 million and $1,509.8 million, respectively, for the payment of principal related to notes payable and loans as of December 31, 2023. The total amount does not equal the carrying amount due to unamortized deferred charges. See Note 9: Long-Term Debt in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements under Part II, Item 8 for more information.

Current wording

Notes Payable and Loan Principal and Interest Payments. We have short-term and long-term cash requirements of $7.8 million and $1,539.8 million, respectively, for the payment of principal related to notes payable and loans as of December 31, 2024. The total amount does not equal the carrying amount due to unamortized deferred charges. See Note 8: Long-Term Debt in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements under Part II, Item 8 for more information.

Previous wording

As of December 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $10.3 million, a decrease of $4.1 million from December 31, 2022. Generally, we manage our cash flow by using any excess cash, after considering our working capital and capital expenditure needs, including paying down the outstanding balance under our ABL Facility, and availability under our credit facilities.

Current wording

As of December 31, 2024, we had cash and cash equivalents of $3.8 million, a decrease of $6.5 million from December 31, 2023. Generally, we manage our cash flow by using any excess cash, after considering our working capital and capital expenditure needs, including paying down the outstanding balance under our ABL Facility, and availability under our credit facilities.

Previous wording

Net cash used in operating activities was $30.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to $46.0 million provided by operating activities in the same period of 2022. The use of cash in the current period is the result of our increased levels of inventory purchases and production.

Current wording

Net cash from operating activities was $122.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $30.9 million used for operating activities in the same period of 2023. The change year over year is driven by lower levels of inventory production throughout 2024 compared to 2023.

Previous wording

Net cash used in investing activities was $176.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to cash used in investing activities of $218.9 million in 2022. The decrease in cash used in investing activities is due to the cash paid for acquisition, net of cash acquired, in 2022 of $49.8 million as well as an increase in proceeds from sales and disposals of rental equipment of $23.7 million, partially offset by an increase in purchases for rental and non-rental equipment and cloud computing arrangements of $31.2 million.

Current wording

Net cash used in investing activities was $187.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to cash used in investing activities of $176.6 million in 2023. The increase in cash used in investing activities is due to an increase in purchases for rental equipment of $34.1 million, cash paid for acquisitions of businesses (net of cash acquired) of $6.0 million, and a decrease in proceeds from sales and disposals of rental equipment of $25.0 million partially offset by proceeds from the sale leaseback transaction (net of expenses) of $52.5 million.

Previous wording

Net cash provided by financing activities was $202.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to $153.9 million in 2022. The increase in cash provided by financing activities is primarily due to an increase in borrowings under revolving credit facilities of $68.0 million, partially offset by an increase in cash paid for the repurchase of common stock of $28.6 million.

Current wording

Net cash provided by financing activities was $58.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $202.9 million in 2023. The decrease in cash provided by financing activities is primarily due to a decrease in proceeds of $152.1 million, net of repayments, from floor plan financing and long term debt arrangements, and an increase in cash paid for the repurchase of common stock of $9.9 million.

Previous wording

Our rentable equipment consists of aftermarket parts and specialized rental equipment. Purchases of our equipment are recorded at cost and we depreciate the cost to an estimated salvage value. We depreciate our aftermarket parts over their estimated useful rentable life of five years. We depreciate our rental equipment over its estimated useful rentable life of one to seven years with an estimated residual value of 0% to 35% of the cost, using the straight-line method. Useful life is estimated based upon the expected period the equipment will be in the fleet as a rentable unit. A salvage value is estimated to approximate the value of the equipment at the end of its useful (i.e., rentable) life, allowing for a reasonable profit margin on the sale of the equipment when we remove the unit from the fleet. In establishing useful lives and salvage values, we consider factors related to customer demand of differing types of equipment in order for us to hold and maintain an optimal mix of equipment types in our fleet. We also continuously evaluate factors related to the condition and serviceability of the equipment in our fleet in order to make estimates of useful life and expected end-of-life value. Depreciation of our equipment is recognized as a component of our cost of revenue. For sold equipment, the carrying value of an item is recognized as cost of equipment sale within cost of revenue. Changes in estimated useful life and/or salvage value would impact our gross profit in our consolidated financial statements. To the extent that the useful lives of our rental equipment were to increase or decrease by one year, we estimate that our annual depreciation expense would increase or decrease by approximately $149.6 million, respectively. Similarly, to the extent the estimated salvage values of our rental equipment were to increase or decrease by one percentage point, we estimate that our annual depreciation expense would change by approximately $3.4 million. Any change in depreciation expense as a result of a hypothetical change in either useful lives or salvage values would generally result in a proportional increase or decrease in the gross profit we would recognize upon the ultimate sale of the asset.

Current wording

Our rentable equipment consists of aftermarket parts and specialized rental equipment. Purchases of our equipment are recorded at cost and we depreciate the cost to an estimated salvage value. We depreciate our aftermarket parts over their estimated useful rentable life of five years. We depreciate our rental equipment over its estimated useful rentable life of one to seven years with an estimated residual value of 0% to 35% of the cost, using the straight-line method. Useful life is estimated based upon the expected period the equipment will be in the fleet as a rentable unit. A salvage value is estimated to approximate the value of the equipment at the end of its useful (i.e., rentable) life, allowing for a reasonable profit margin on the sale of the equipment when we remove the unit from the fleet. In establishing useful lives and salvage values, we consider factors related to customer demand of differing types of equipment in order for us to hold and maintain an optimal mix of equipment types in our fleet. We also continuously evaluate factors related to the condition and serviceability of the equipment in our fleet in order to make estimates of useful life and expected end-of-life value. Depreciation of our equipment is recognized as a component of our cost of revenue. For sold equipment, the carrying value of an item is recognized as cost of equipment sale within cost of revenue. Changes in estimated useful life and/or salvage value would impact our gross profit in our consolidated financial statements. To the extent that the useful lives of our rental equipment were to increase or decrease by one year, we estimate that our annual depreciation expense would increase or decrease by approximately $36.1 million, respectively. Similarly, to the extent the estimated salvage values of our rental equipment were to increase or decrease by one percentage point, we estimate that our annual depreciation expense would change by approximately $1.9 million. Any change in depreciation expense as a result of a hypothetical change in either useful lives or salvage values would generally result in a proportional increase or decrease in the gross profit we would recognize upon the ultimate sale of the asset.

Previous wording

We have made acquisitions in the past and may continue to make acquisitions in the future. We allocate the cost of the acquired enterprise to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values at the date of acquisition. Rental equipment generally represents the largest component and was 37% of total assets acquired during the two years ended December 31, 2022, followed by goodwill at 30% and other intangible assets at 20%. There were no acquisitions made during the year ended December 31, 2023. Goodwill is attributable to the synergies and economies of scale expected from the combination of the businesses.

Current wording

We have made acquisitions of businesses in the past and may continue to make acquisitions in the future. We allocate the cost of the acquired enterprise to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values at the date of acquisition. Goodwill is attributable to the synergies and economies of scale expected from the combination of the businesses. There were no material acquisitions made during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Previous wording

Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the fair value of identifiable net assets of businesses acquired. We review goodwill for impairment at least annually or more frequently as warranted by triggering events that indicate potential impairment. The Company may perform qualitative and quantitative impairment analyses on October 1 annually to evaluate whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting units is less than their respective carrying amounts as of the annual assessment date. Goodwill is analyzed for impairment at the reporting unit level, which we have determined to be our operating segments, ERS, TES, and APS. A qualitative assessment (“Step 0 test”) may include, but is not limited to, reviewing factors such as macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, financial performance and other entity or reporting unit specific events. When performing a Step 0 test, if we determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, we then perform a quantitative goodwill impairment analysis (“Step 1 test”) by comparing the carrying amount to an estimate of the fair value of the reporting unit. We performed the Step 0 test for each of our reporting units and supplemented the analysis by performing a Step 1 test specific to the ERS and APS reporting units as of October 1, 2023. In performing the supplemental Step 1 test in 2023 related to the ERS and APS reporting units, we estimated the fair value of each reporting unit using the income approach. The income approach utilizes assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows and other factors to determine the fair value of the respective assets.

Current wording

Qualitative Impairment Test – The qualitative impairment test assesses company-specific, industry, market and general economic factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If we conclude that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, or we elect not to use the qualitative impairment test, a quantitative impairment test is performed.

Previous wording

Factors that management must estimate when performing impairment tests include rental and sales volumes and prices, inflation, discount rates, tax rates and capital spending. Significant management judgment is involved in estimating these factors, and they include inherent uncertainties. The estimates of future cash flow require us to establish expectations about customer demand, investments in maintaining or expanding infrastructure for the markets each reporting unit serves, and the supply and capacity of equipment in the rental market, among others. Additionally, we are required to establish expectations for the businesses’ cost of capital and ability to acquire and maintain equipment in the future. Measurement of the recoverability of these assets is dependent upon the accuracy of the assumptions used in making these estimates, as well as how the estimates compare to our eventual future operating performance. Changes in these estimates, many of which fall under Level 3 within the fair value measurement hierarchy (refer to Note 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Fair Value Measurements to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K), could change our conclusion regarding the impairment of goodwill assets and potentially reduce the carrying value of goodwill on our balance sheet and reduce our income in the year in which it is recorded.

Current wording

Determining the fair value of a reporting unit requires judgment and the use of significant estimates that include assumptions about the reporting unit’s future revenue (considering expectations about rental and sales volumes and prices as well as capital spending related to the end-markets we serve), profitability and cash flows, long-term growth rates, amount and timing of estimated capital expenditures, inflation rates, risk adjusted cost of capital, operational plans, and current and future economic conditions, among other assumptions. The fair value of each reporting unit is determined using a weighted combination of the income and market approaches. We believe that the estimates and assumptions used in our impairment assessments are reasonable and based on available market information. We use a discounted cash flow methodology for the income approach. Under the income approach, the discounted cash flow model determines fair value based on the present value of projected cash flows over a specified period and a residual value related to future cash flows beyond the projection period. Both values are discounted using a rate that reflects the best estimate of the risk adjusted cost of capital at each reporting unit. Changes in these estimates, many of which fall under Level 3 within the fair value measurement hierarchy (refer to Note 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Fair Value Measurements to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K), could change our conclusion regarding the impairment of goodwill assets and potentially reduce the carrying value of goodwill on our balance sheet and reduce our income in the year in which it is recorded.

Previous wording

As a result of our analyses, the Company determined that there was no impairment of goodwill.

Current wording

As a result of completing our October 1, 2024 quantitative impairment test, we determined that the fair value of the ERS, TES and APS reporting units exceeded their carrying values by 13%, 82% and 33%, respectively. While there is no “bright line” to determine whether or not a reporting unit’s fair value is substantially in excess of its carrying amount (“cushion”), significant adverse changes in business climate, weakness in an industry in which our reporting units operate (for example, electric utility T&D, telecom, rail and general infrastructure) or significant cash or operating losses and changes in expectations of profitability could reduce the amounts of cushion applicable to our reporting units and result in impairment of one or more of our reporting units’ goodwill. As a result of our analyses, the Company determined that there was no impairment of goodwill.

Previous wording

While we remain in a financial reporting loss position based on a cumulative pre-tax loss for the three-year period ended December 31, 2023, the determination of the valuation allowance is based on our evaluation of the periods over which future taxable items are expected to be utilized to offset tax loss and deduction carryforward items in those future periods. That is, future forecasts of our taxable income are not considered in the evaluation of realizability of our deferred tax assets. Therefore, changes in our deferred tax asset valuation allowances will primarily be affected by changes in the estimates of the time periods over which those future taxable items will occur. At December 31, 2023, our deferred tax asset valuation allowance was $67.6 million.

Current wording

While we remain in a financial reporting loss position based on a cumulative pre-tax loss for the three-year period ended December 31, 2024, the determination of the valuation allowance is based on our evaluation of the periods over which future taxable items are expected to be utilized to offset tax loss and deduction carryforward items in those future periods. That is, future forecasts of our taxable income are not considered in the evaluation of realizability of our deferred tax assets. Therefore, changes in our deferred tax asset valuation allowances will primarily be affected by changes in the estimates of the time periods over which those future taxable items will occur. At December 31, 2024, our deferred tax asset valuation allowance was $72.4 million.