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Crexendo, Inc.

For the period ended Dec 31, 2025. Filed Mar 3, 2026.

View on SEC.gov

About this filing

A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.

FY2025 · Filed Mar 3, 2026

CXDO$5.04-0.6%Stored close · as of Nov 9, 2026

What changed in Risk Factors?

Read the current filing

Previous report: 10-K

Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-03-04.

0001654954-25-002287

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Current report: 10-K

Period ended 2025-12-31; filed 2026-03-03.

0001654954-26-001848

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

The baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.

Compared 190 previous paragraphs and 228 current paragraphs.

178 unchanged; 7 reworded; 42 added; 5 removed; 0 previous and 1 current paragraphs rearranged.

Tables are not compared: 5 previous and 5 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.

A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.

Added paragraphs (42)

Current report

Adverse Macroeconomic Conditions Could Materially Adversely Affect Our Business

Current report

Adverse macroeconomic conditions, including inflation, interest rate volatility, tariffs, recessionary pressures, and uncertainty in capital markets, could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Our contracts typically fix pricing for multi‑year periods, which may limit our ability to pass through cost increases. Rising interest rates could reduce customer spending, increase financing costs, and negatively impact valuations. Recessionary conditions could increase customer churn, delay enterprise purchasing decisions, and reduce demand for our services.

Current report

Risks Related to Sanctions and Export Controls.

Current report

We may be subject to U.S. and foreign sanctions, export controls, and trade restrictions. Any inadvertent violation or failure by our customers or resellers to comply could expose us to fines, investigations, and reputational damage.

Current report

Risks Related to Lawful Intercept and CALEA Compliance.

Current report

We are subject to lawful intercept obligations under U.S. federal and state laws, including CALEA. Any failure to properly implement or maintain lawful intercept capabilities could expose us to enforcement actions, fines, litigation, or operational restrictions.

Current report

Service Level Agreement, Crexendo VIP 100% Uptime Guarantee and Customer Credit Exposure.

Current report

Many of our enterprise and mid-market customer contracts include service level agreements (“SLAs”) that provide for customer credits, refunds, or termination rights if we fail to meet specified uptime, latency, or performance metrics. In addition, Crexendo VIP maintains a 100% uptime guarantee which also provides for credits and potential termination. Any prolonged outage, service degradation, or failure to meet contractual service levels could require us to issue significant credit, result in early terminations, and impair our ability to retain or attract customers.

Current report

Our ability to meet SLAs is increasingly dependent on third-party cloud providers, carrier networks, and data center operators outside of our direct control. Any failure by those providers could expose us to contractual liabilities even when the underlying cause is external.

Current report

Revenue Concentration and Enterprise Contract Renegotiation Risk.

Current report

A portion of our revenues is derived from a limited number of large customers and service provider partners. The loss, downsizing, or repricing of one or more of these relationships could materially adversely affect our revenues, margins, and results of operations.

Current report

Large customers often seek pricing concessions, customized features, and enhanced support, and may have greater leverage in contract renegotiations. Any inability to retain or renew large customer contracts on commercially acceptable terms could materially harm our business.

Current report

Large customers close their business or otherwise migrating to a competator could have a negative affect on results and stock price.

Current report

Dependence on APIs, Integrations, and Third-Party Applications.

Current report

One of our competitive advantages relating to our software solutions division is our open application programming interfaces (“APIs”), allowing licenses to use applications that either they or third parties develop. Retail customers also use third party applications.

Current report

Our products rely on application programming interfaces (“APIs”), integrations, and third-party applications to deliver functionality, enable workflows, and support customer use cases. Any failure, degradation, incompatibility, or discontinuation of third-party APIs or integrations could disrupt our services, impair customer experience, and reduce the attractiveness of our platform.

Current report

Developers and integration partners may cease supporting our platform, migrate to competing platforms, or fail to build or maintain applications that meet evolving customer requirements.

Current report

Feature Parity and Innovation Velocity Risk.

Current report

Our ability to compete depends on maintaining feature parity with competing UCaaS and cloud communications platforms and rapidly deploying new functionality in response to customer expectations and technological change.

Current report

If competitors introduce features or integrations that we do not match or cannot deploy in a timely or cost-effective manner, our products may become less attractive, and we may lose customers or pricing power.

Current report

Licensees Self-Hosted Deployments.

Current report

A portion of our software revenue is derived from licensees that self-host the NetSapiens platform. Our ability to generate recurring revenue and maintain platform quality is dependent on licensee deployment practices, security standards, and operational competence. Any failure by licensees to properly maintain or secure their deployments could result in service outages, security incidents, reputational harm, or regulatory scrutiny for which we may be blamed.

Current report

Usage-Based Pricing and Revenue Volatility.

Current report

Our software solutions division charges based on sessions not seats, which relies on usage. As such portions of our revenues are based on customer usage, consumption, or variable transaction volumes. Fluctuations in customer usage patterns, seasonality, and economic conditions could cause material variability in our revenues and margins from period to period.

Current report

Risks Related to Robocalls, Spoofing, and STIR/SHAKEN Compliance.

Current report

We may be subject to regulatory enforcement, fines, customer claims, or reputational harm related to unlawful robocalling, caller‑ID spoofing, or fraudulent traffic carried over our network, even when such traffic originates from third parties. Federal and state regulators increasingly require VoIP and UCaaS providers to implement caller authentication frameworks such as STIR/SHAKEN, traffic blocking, traceback cooperation, and robocall mitigation programs. Failure to fully comply with these requirements could expose us to fines, service restrictions, reputational damage, customer attrition, and increased compliance costs.

Current report

Risks Related to Artificial Intelligence and Automation*.*

Current report

Our increasing use of artificial intelligence and automation in customer‑facing products and internal operations exposes us to new regulatory, reputational, contractual, and product liability risks. Errors, hallucinations, biased outputs, incorrect call handling, or privacy violations by AI‑driven features could result in customer harm, litigation, regulatory scrutiny, or loss of trust. Emerging domestic and international AI regulations may impose new compliance obligations, reporting requirements, or restrictions that could materially increase our operating costs or limit product functionality.

Current report

Generative AI Evolution and Competitive Disruption Risk.* *

Current report

Our industry is experiencing rapid technological change driven by advances in generative artificial intelligence. The pace at which generative AI capabilities evolve, improve, and commoditize may materially alter customer expectations, competitive dynamics, and product requirements. If we fail to innovate, integrate, or deploy generative AI features as quickly or effectively as our competitors, our products and services may become less competitive, obsolete, or commoditized. Emerging AI-native communications platforms or large technology companies with superior AI resources could introduce offerings that displace or diminish demand for our platform, UCaaS, software, and managed service solutions. Maintaining technological relevance in this environment will require substantial ongoing investment, access to scarce AI talent, and continuous adaptation of our product roadmap, and there can be no assurance that these investments will yield commercially successful outcomes. Failure to keep pace with rapid generative AI innovation could materially adversely affect our growth, margins, customer retention, and competitive position.

Current report

The forgoing risks are heightened by our UCaaS architecture, SIP-based attack vectors, ransomware threats, and dependency on third-party cloud and carrier infrastructure.

Current report

Risks Related to Data Localization and Cross‑Border Transfers.

Current report

Increasing foreign data localization laws and restrictions on cross‑border data transfers could require us to redesign infrastructure, store data in additional jurisdictions, incur significant compliance costs, or exit certain markets entirely.

Current report

We are in the continualopen process of migrating substantial portions of our infrastructure to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI). This migration exposes us to execution risk, prolonged duplicate operating costs, vendor pricing changes, outages, data migration errors, increased long‑term vendor dependency, and exit costs. Any disruption or degradation of Oracle’s cloud services could materially impair our ability to deliver reliable services to customers and could result in customer attrition, lost revenue, and reputational harm. Any future acquisitions we may make could require similar migrations which could impact the acquisition being accretive.

Current report

Risks Related to Number Portability and Carrier Dependency.

Current report

Delays or failures in number porting, DID provisioning, or interconnection with upstream carriers could result in lost customers, contract disputes, service outages, and reputational harm.

Current report

Risks Related to E‑911 and Emergency Call Failures

Current report

Failures or delays in routing emergency 9‑1‑1 calls, inaccuracies in registered location information, outages affecting emergency services, or failures by third‑party E‑911 providers could expose us to significant liability, regulatory enforcement actions, customer claims, and reputational harm. Our reliance on third‑party E‑911 routing vendors and PSAP databases creates additional risk beyond our direct operational control.

Current report

Our software incorporates open‑source components subject to various license obligations. Any failure to comply with those license terms could require us to publicly disclose proprietary source code, cease distribution of products, or face legal claims, all of which could materially harm our competitive position and business.

Current report

Potential Regulatory Reclassification of VoIP Services.

Showing the first 40 of 42 passages. Open the source sections for the rest.

Removed paragraphs (5)

Previous report

Adverse conditions in the U.S. and international economies could impact our results of operations and financial condition.

Previous report

Unfavorable economic conditions, such as a recession or economic slowdown in the U.S. or elsewhere, or inflation in the markets in which we operate, could negatively affect the affordability of and demand for some of our products and services and our cost of doing business. In difficult economic conditions, business customers that we serve may delay purchasing decisions, delay full implementation of service offerings or reduce their use of services. In addition, adverse economic conditions may lead to an increased number of business customers that are unable to pay for services. Unfavorable economic conditions could also amplify other risk factors discussed herein, including, but not limited to, our competitive position and margins. Over the last three years, as a result of the inflationary environment in the U.S., we experienced increases in our direct costs, including electricity and other energy-related costs for our network operations, and transportation and labor costs. We expect the inflationary environment and related pressures to continue into 2025. In that case and if other unfavorable economic conditions continue or worsen, they could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Previous report

The US economy has been strong, however there is a possibility of a recession or increase in inflation. If Inflation rises the Federal Reserve may not continue to reduce rates any further or may raise them and these factors may negatively affect our business.

Previous report

The economy has been strong; however, interest rates are still high and rate reductions are uncertain and there is a risk of a recession which may cause substantial disruption in our sales and results. Of particular concern is (1) impact of market downturn on sales; (2) impact of uncertain capital markets; (3) rising interest rates; and (4) the impact of inflation. Those issues, together with other uncertainties based on the economy may cause customers to cease operations, reduce spending by our customers, have customers defer purchase decisions and or reduce spending. All of those factors may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, or financial condition.

Previous report

The migration process itself involves significant technical and operational risks. Challenges include data migration errors, potential service outages, and ensuring compatibility between our existing systems and Oracle's infrastructure. Any disruptions during migration could negatively impact on our customers, damage our reputation, and lead to potential revenue loss or customer attrition.
Reworded paragraphs (7)

Previous wording

We are subject to risks related to public health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, or other pandemics which may occur. The COVID-19 pandemic had an adverse effect on our operating results in 2022. Our business is based on our ability to provide products and services to customers throughout the United States and around the world and the ability of those customers to use and pay for those products and services for their businesses and in their daily lives. As a result, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected by a public health crisis that significantly impacts the way customers use and are able to pay for our products and services, the way our employees are able to provide services to our customers, and the ways that our partners and suppliers are able to provide products and services to us. For example, public and private sector policies and initiatives to reduce the transmission of COVID-19 and initiatives the Company took in response to the health crisis to promote the health and safety of our employees and provide critical infrastructure and connectivity to our customers, along with the related global slowdown in economic activity, resulted in slower revenue growth, increased costs and lower earnings per share and a sustained decrease in our stock price, which resulted in an impairment of goodwill of $32.1 million in 2022. In addition, such a crisis could significantly increase the probability or consequences of the risks our business faces in ordinary circumstances, such as risks associated with our supplier and vendor relationships, risks of an economic slowdown, regulatory risks, and the costs and availability of financing.

Current wording

We are subject to risks related to public health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, or other pandemics which may occur presently or in the future. Our business is based on our ability to provide products and services to customers throughout the United States and around the world and the ability of those customers to use and pay for those products and services for their businesses and in their daily lives. As a result, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected by a public health crisis that significantly impacts the way customers use and are able to pay for our products and services, the way our employees are able to provide services to our customers, and the ways that our partners and suppliers are able to provide products and services to us. For example, public and private sector policies and initiatives to reduce the transmission of contagious diseases and initiatives the Company took in response to the health crisis to promote the health and safety of our employees and provide critical infrastructure and connectivity to our customers, along with the related global slowdown in economic activity, resulted in slower revenue growth, increased costs and lower earnings per share and a sustained decrease in our stock price, which resulted in an impairment of goodwill of $32.1 million in 2022. In addition, such a crisis could significantly increase the probability or consequences of the risks our business faces in ordinary circumstances, such as risks associated with our supplier and vendor relationships, risks of an economic slowdown, regulatory risks, and the costs and availability of financing.

Previous wording

Any one of the factors above, or the cumulative effect of some or all of the factors referred to above, may result in significant fluctuations in our quarterly and annual results of operations. This variability and unpredictability could result in our failure to meet the expectations of research analysts or investors for any period, which could cause our stock price to decline. We sustained operating losses in 2023 and may experience losses in the future. In addition, a significant percentage of our operating expenses is fixed in nature and is based on forecasted revenues trends. Accordingly, in the event of revenue shortfalls, we may not be able to mitigate the negative impact on net income/(loss) and margins in the short term. If we fail to meet or exceed the expectations of research analysts or investors, the market price of our shares could fall substantially, and we could face costly lawsuits, including securities class-action suits. This may also impair our ability to raise capital, should we seek to do so.

Current wording

Any one of the factors above, or the cumulative effect of some or all of the factors referred to above, may result in significant fluctuations in our quarterly and annual results of operations. This variability and unpredictability could result in our failure to meet the expectations of research analysts or investors for any period, which could cause our stock price to decline. In addition, a significant percentage of our operating expenses is fixed in nature and is based on forecasted revenues trends. Accordingly, in the event of revenue shortfalls, we may not be able to mitigate the negative impact on net income/(loss) and margins in the short term. If we fail to meet or exceed the expectations of research analysts or investors, the market price of our shares could fall substantially, and we could face costly lawsuits, including securities class-action suits. This may also impair our ability to raise capital, should we seek to do so.

Previous wording

The United States may very likely impose trade restrictions and tariffs on equipment we use, particularly from China and Canada. An increase in costs or limitation on our ability to source equipment including telephones and ancillary equipment may affect our results from operations as well as results and our stock price.

Current wording

The United States has imposed trade restrictions and tariffs on equipment we use, particularly from China and Canada. An increase in costs or limitation on our ability to source equipment including telephones and ancillary equipment may affect our results from operations as well as results and our stock price.

Previous wording

As of December 31, 2024, we had net operating loss (“NOL”) carry-forwards of approximately $17,372. Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended (the “Code”) imposes limitations on a corporation’s ability to utilize its NOL carry-forwards. In general terms, an ownership change results from transactions increasing the ownership of certain stockholders in the stock of a corporation by more than 50% over a three-year period. Any limited amounts may be carried over into later years, and the amount of the limitation may, under certain circumstances, be increased by the “recognized built-in gains” that occur during the five-year period after the ownership change (the recognition period). Future changes in ownership of more than 50% may also limit the use of these remaining NOL carry-forwards. Our earnings, if any, and cash resources would be materially and adversely affected if we cannot receive the full benefit of the remaining NOL carry-forwards. An ownership change could occur as a result of circumstances that are not within our control.

Current wording

As of December 31, 2025, we had net operating loss (“NOL”) carry-forwards of approximately $27,770. Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended (the “Code”) imposes limitations on a corporation’s ability to utilize its NOL carry-forwards. In general terms, an ownership change results from transactions increasing the ownership of certain stockholders in the stock of a corporation by more than 50% over a three-year period. Any limited amounts may be carried over into later years, and the amount of the limitation may, under certain circumstances, be increased by the “recognized built-in gains” that occur during the five-year period after the ownership change (the recognition period). Future changes in ownership of more than 50% may also limit the use of these remaining NOL carry-forwards. Our earnings, if any, and cash resources would be materially and adversely affected if we cannot receive the full benefit of the remaining NOL carry-forwards. An ownership change could occur as a result of circumstances that are not within our control.

Previous wording

The Software Solutions Division previously sold licenses primarily as a “perpetual” license. We are now selling more subscriptions based licenses on a monthly recurring revenue model, how the sale is structured may affect results on a quarter-to-quarter basis.

Current wording

The Software Solutions Division previously sold licenses primarily as a “perpetual” license. We are now selling more subscription-based licenses on a monthly recurring revenue model, how the sale is structured may affect results on a quarter-to-quarter basis.

Previous wording

Steven G. Mihaylo, who was previously our Chief Executive Officer and former Chairman of the Board of Crexendo, Inc., owns approximately 43% of the outstanding shares of our common stock based on the number of shares outstanding as of December 31, 2024. Mr. Mihaylo may have the ability to determine the outcome of matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election of directors and any merger, amalgamation, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of our assets. Mr. Mihaylo may have the ability to control the management and affairs of our Company. As a “control company” it may not be required that the Company maintains a board comprising a majority of independent directors. Mr. Mihaylo remains a director and as such, Mr. Mihaylo owes a fiduciary duty to our stockholders. As a stockholder, Mr. Mihaylo is entitled to vote his shares, in his own interests, which may not always be in the interests of our stockholders generally. Accordingly, even though certain transactions may be in the best interests of other stockholders, this concentration of ownership may harm the market price of our common stock by, among other things, delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our Company, impeding a merger, amalgamation, consolidation, takeover or other business combination involving our Company, or discouraging a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our Company.

Current wording

Steven G. Mihaylo, who was previously our Chief Executive Officer and former Chairman of the Board of Crexendo, Inc., owns approximately 36% of the outstanding shares of our common stock based on the number of shares outstanding as of December 31, 2025. Mr. Mihaylo may have the ability to determine the outcome of matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election of directors and any merger, amalgamation, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of our assets. Mr. Mihaylo may have the ability to control the management and affairs of our Company. As a “control company” it may not be required that the Company maintains a board comprising a majority of independent directors. Mr. Mihaylo remains a director and as such, Mr. Mihaylo owes a fiduciary duty to our stockholders. As a stockholder, Mr. Mihaylo is entitled to vote his shares, in his own interests, which may not always be in the interests of our stockholders generally. Accordingly, even though certain transactions may be in the best interests of other stockholders, this concentration of ownership may harm the market price of our common stock by, among other things, delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our Company, impeding a merger, amalgamation, consolidation, takeover or other business combination involving our Company, or discouraging a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our Company.

Previous wording

In the NetSapiens transaction the Company issued approximately 4,482,328 stock options to NetSapiens employees. At December 31, 2024, approximately 2,627,321 remain available for conversion. Many of the options have an exercise price under $1.00, so there is no impediment to convert those options to commons shares of Crexendo stock. The right to exercise the options expires between March 11, 2026 through January 4, 2031. If the stock options were converted in a “net settlement exercise” there would be considerable cost associated with the tax payments which would be borne by the Company which could negatively affect our cash balance, which in turn could negatively affect the stock prices for shares of the Company. If some or all of the options were exercised in a net settlement exercise at the same time, it could negatively affect the stock price for shares of the Company.

Current wording

In the NetSapiens transaction the Company issued approximately 4,482,328 stock options to NetSapiens employees. At December 31, 2025, approximately 144,831 remain available for conversion. Many of the options have an exercise price under $1.00, so there is no impediment to convert those options to commons shares of Crexendo stock. The right to exercise the options expires between March 11, 2026 through January 1, 2031. If the stock options were converted in a “net settlement exercise” there would be considerable cost associated with the tax payments which would be borne by the Company which could negatively affect our cash balance, which in turn could negatively affect the stock prices for shares of the Company. If some or all of the options were exercised in a net settlement exercise at the same time, it could negatively affect the stock price for shares of the Company.
Rearranged current paragraphs (1)

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Risks Related to Open‑Source Software Licensing.