ICHOR HOLDINGS, LTD.
For the period ended Dec 26, 2025. Filed Feb 20, 2026.
View on SEC.govAbout this filing
A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.
FY2025 · Filed Feb 20, 2026
What changed in Risk Factors?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-K
Period ended 2024-12-27; filed 2025-02-21.
0001628280-25-006992
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORSCurrent report: 10-K
Period ended 2025-12-26; filed 2026-02-20.
0001652535-26-000012
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORSThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 234 previous paragraphs and 296 current paragraphs.
216 unchanged; 14 reworded; 66 added; 4 removed; 0 previous and 0 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 0 previous and 0 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (66)
Current report
•We may be subject to interruptions, failures, or cybersecurity breaches in our information technology systems.
Current report
•We may be classified as a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”), which could result in adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences for U.S. holders.
Current report
We may be subject to interruptions, failures, or cybersecurity breaches in our information technology systems.
Current report
We may be the target of attempted cyber-attacks, computer viruses, malicious code, phishing attacks, denial of service attacks and other information security threats. In addition, artificial intelligence technologies are increasingly being used by malicious actors to identify vulnerabilities, automate reconnaissance, generate sophisticated phishing and social engineering attacks, develop polymorphic malware that evades traditional detection methods, and implement coordinated cyber-attacks at scale and speed that exceed human-directed attacks. As AI capabilities continue to advance, the sophistication, scale, and frequency of AI-enhanced cyber-attacks are expected to increase significantly, potentially outpacing our ability to defend against such threats using conventional cybersecurity measures. Our cybersecurity defenses may require substantial ongoing investment in AI-powered security tools, threat intelligence, and skilled security personnel to address the evolving AI threat landscape.
Current report
Our customers' adoption of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies for semiconductor manufacturing process optimization and equipment control may create new technical requirements, interoperability challenges, and competitive risks.
Current report
Semiconductor equipment manufacturers and semiconductor device manufacturers are increasingly adopting artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies for process optimization, predictive maintenance, equipment control, yield enhancement, and fab automation. These AI/ML capabilities may become standard customer requirements for capital equipment and subsystems, requiring real-time data integration, edge computing capabilities, sophisticated sensors and instrumentation, and software interfaces that enable AI-driven process control and optimization.
Current report
If we are unable to develop and integrate AI/ML capabilities into our gas and chemical delivery subsystems at the pace required by our OEM customers and their end customers, we may be at a competitive disadvantage relative to suppliers who offer AI-enabled products. Developing AI/ML capabilities may require significant investments in software engineering, data science, sensor technologies, and computing infrastructure, and we may lack the internal expertise or resources to develop such capabilities as rapidly as the market demands. We may also face technical challenges in integrating AI/ML capabilities with our existing product architectures, or in ensuring interoperability with our OEM customers' AI platforms and industry-standard protocols.
Current report
Additionally, AI-enabled equipment and subsystems may create new data privacy, data security, and intellectual property issues, as process data, recipes, and performance information may be collected, transmitted, and analyzed by AI systems, potentially creating risks of data breaches, unauthorized access to confidential information, or disputes over ownership of AI-generated insights. Customer requirements for AI capabilities may also increase product complexity, development costs, and time-to-market for new products, and may require ongoing software updates, maintenance, and support that create new service obligations and cost structures.
Current report
Our failure to keep pace with customer AI adoption could result in loss of market share, reduced pricing power, or exclusion from next-generation equipment platforms, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Current report
Government subsidy programs for semiconductor manufacturing may create artificial and unsustainable demand patterns for capital equipment, and subsidy conditions may create competitive distortions or impose indirect obligations on us.
Current report
Governments in the United States, European Union, Japan, South Korea, China, and other countries have enacted substantial subsidy and incentive programs to encourage domestic semiconductor manufacturing capacity. These programs, including the U.S. CHIPS and Science Act, the EU Chips Act, and similar initiatives, provide grants, tax incentives, loan guarantees, and other financial support to semiconductor manufacturers who build or expand fabrication facilities in specific jurisdictions.
Current report
Government subsidy programs may create demand volatility and distortions in the semiconductor capital equipment market:
Current report
•Subsidized fabrication facility construction may create a near-term surge in capital equipment demand as multiple subsidized projects proceed simultaneously, followed by a sharp decline in demand once subsidy-driven projects are completed, creating boom-bust cycles that are more severe than normal industry cyclicality;
Current report
•Subsidized facilities may not be economically sustainable without ongoing government support, and may operate at low utilization rates or may be curtailed if subsidies are reduced or eliminated, resulting in lower ongoing demand for spare parts, upgrades, or capacity expansions;
Current report
•Government subsidy priorities may favor certain types of semiconductor manufacturing (e.g., mature node manufacturing for automotive or industrial applications versus leading-edge logic manufacturing), creating uneven demand across equipment categories and potentially reducing demand for equipment types where we have strong positions;
Current report
•Subsidized competitors in foreign markets may gain market share due to government support, while we may not have access to equivalent subsidies, creating competitive disadvantages; and
Current report
•Political changes or budget constraints may result in subsidy programs being reduced, delayed, or eliminated, causing sudden changes in expected demand.
Current report
Additionally, semiconductor manufacturers who receive government subsidies may be subject to various conditions and restrictions that could indirectly affect us:
Current report
•"Buy national" or domestic content requirements that encourage or require subsidized manufacturers to source equipment and subsystems from domestic suppliers, potentially disadvantaging us if we do not have manufacturing presence in the subsidy jurisdiction or if our products do not meet domestic content thresholds;
Current report
•Restrictions on subsidized manufacturers' ability to expand manufacturing capacity in certain countries, which may limit end-market demand for equipment in regions where we have sales or manufacturing presence;
Current report
•Labor, environmental, or social requirements imposed on subsidy recipients that may flow down through the supply chain to us as indirect requirements or customer expectations; and
Current report
•Transparency and reporting requirements that may require subsidized customers to disclose information about their supply chains, potentially affecting our confidential commercial information or competitive position.
Current report
We have limited visibility into how government subsidy programs will ultimately affect equipment demand patterns, customer behavior, or competitive dynamics. Our inability to accurately forecast subsidy-driven demand could result in capacity mismatches, inventory imbalances, or missed market opportunities. Subsidy-driven market distortions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Current report
We may be classified as a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”), which could result in adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences for U.S. holders.
Current report
Based on the current and anticipated valuation of our assets and the composition of our income and assets, we do not expect to be considered a PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes for the foreseeable future. However, we must make a separate determination for each taxable year as to whether we are a PFIC after the close of each taxable year and we cannot assure you that we will not be a PFIC for our 2025 taxable year or any future taxable year. Under current law, a non-U.S. corporation will be considered a PFIC for any taxable year if either (1) at least 75% of its gross income is passive income or (2) at least 50% of the value of its assets, generally based on an average of the quarterly values of the assets during a taxable year, is attributable to assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income. PFIC status depends on the composition of our assets and income and the value of our assets, including, among others, a pro rata portion of the income and assets of each subsidiary in which we own, directly or indirectly, at least 25% by value of the subsidiary's equity interests, from time to time. Because we currently hold and expect to continue to hold a substantial amount of cash or cash equivalents, and because the calculation of the value of our assets may be based in part on the value of our ordinary shares, which may fluctuate considerably given that market prices of technology companies historically often have been volatile, we may be a PFIC for any taxable year. If we were treated as a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. holder held ordinary shares, certain adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences could apply for such U.S. holder.
Current report
This represents a structural, long-term threat to our revenue rather than merely a cyclical or regulatory compliance issue. Chinese government-backed initiatives to achieve semiconductor self-sufficiency, including substantial state subsidies for domestic equipment manufacturers and semiconductor device manufacturers, may erode our market position in China over a multi-year period even if current export control regulations are not further tightened. We may experience permanent loss of market share in China as Chinese customers increasingly source equipment and subsystems from domestic suppliers, and we may be unable to offset such losses with growth in other geographic markets due to limited semiconductor manufacturing capacity outside of Asia.
Current report
U.S. export control regulations apply to "deemed exports" of controlled technology to foreign nationals, and the complexity of re-export controls across our international operations may limit our ability to hire qualified personnel and may create compliance challenges.
Current report
U.S. export control regulations apply not only to the physical export of products and technology from the United States, but also to "deemed exports," which occur when controlled technology or source code is released to a foreign national within the United States. A foreign national is any person who is not a U.S. citizen or lawful permanent resident. Deemed export rules mean that providing access to controlled technical data, software, or technology to foreign national employees, contractors, or visitors in the United States may require an export license, depending on the person's nationality and the classification of the technology.
Current report
Our business depends on our ability to hire and retain highly skilled engineers, many of whom may be foreign nationals, including individuals from China, Taiwan, and other countries that are subject to heightened export control scrutiny. Deemed export restrictions may limit our ability to:
Current report
•Recruit and hire qualified engineering talent, particularly in competitive labor markets where foreign nationals represent a significant portion of available candidates;
Current report
•Assign foreign national employees to work on projects involving controlled technologies, potentially creating inefficiencies in resource allocation and project staffing;
Current report
•Provide foreign national employees with access to technical information, training, or collaborative work environments necessary for effective performance of their duties;
Current report
•Utilize foreign national employees in customer-facing roles where exposure to customer proprietary information or controlled technologies may occur; and
Current report
•Compete for talent against companies that are not subject to deemed export restrictions or that have more permissive licensing arrangements.
Current report
Compliance with deemed export regulations requires careful tracking of employee nationalities, technology classifications, and license authorizations, and violations can result in significant civil and criminal penalties. We may be required to implement costly administrative controls, facility access restrictions, and information barriers to ensure deemed export compliance, and such measures may negatively impact operational efficiency, employee morale, and our culture of collaboration and innovation.
Current report
In addition, our international operations create re-export control complexity. Products, software, and technology that are manufactured, developed, or stored outside the United States but that incorporate U.S.-origin controlled content or that are produced using U.S.-origin technology may be subject to U.S. re-export controls. This means that transfers of items or technology among our foreign subsidiaries, from our foreign subsidiaries to customers or suppliers, or within the operations of our foreign subsidiaries may require U.S. export licenses or may be subject to U.S. export restrictions, even though such transfers do not physically touch the United States.
Current report
Tracking U.S.-origin controlled content across complex, multi-jurisdictional supply chains and manufacturing operations is administratively burdensome and creates risk of inadvertent violations. Re-export control requirements may limit our flexibility to optimize our global supply chain, to transfer manufacturing or engineering resources among facilities, or to respond quickly to customer requirements. Foreign governments may also object to the application of U.S. export controls to activities occurring outside U.S. territory, potentially creating conflicting legal obligations.
Current report
Our failure to comply with deemed export or re-export control regulations could result in loss of export privileges, significant fines and penalties, reputational damage, and criminal liability for responsible individuals, and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Current report
Evolving environmental, social and governance disclosure requirements and stakeholder expectations may increase our compliance costs, expose us to reputational and litigation risks, and affect our ability to attract customers, investors, and employees.
Current report
We are subject to increasing requirements and expectations regarding environmental, social, and governance ("ESG") matters from regulators, investors, customers, employees, and other stakeholders. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") has proposed rules that would require public companies to provide detailed disclosures regarding climate-related risks, greenhouse gas emissions (including Scope 1, Scope 2, and in some cases Scope 3 emissions), climate-related financial impacts, and oversight and governance of climate-related risks. Although the SEC's proposed climate disclosure rules have faced legal and regulatory challenges and their final form and timing remain uncertain, we may ultimately be required to comply with such rules or with similar disclosure requirements adopted by the SEC or other regulators.
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Removed paragraphs (4)
Previous report
•We may be subject to interruptions or failures in our information technology systems.
Previous report
•If one or more of our counterparty financial institutions default on their obligations to us or fail, we may incur significant losses.
Previous report
•There can be no assurance that we will not be a passive foreign investment company for any taxable year.
Previous report
We may be subject to interruptions or failures in our information technology systems.
Reworded paragraphs (14)
Previous wording
•We previously identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, and the failure to maintain an effective system of internal controls and procedures may cause investors to lose confidence in our financial reporting.
Current wording
•If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls and procedures, it may cause investors to lose confidence in our financial reporting.
Previous wording
Our business, financial condition and results of operations depend significantly on expenditures by manufacturers in the semiconductor capital equipment industry. In turn, the semiconductor capital equipment industry depends upon the current and anticipated market demand for semiconductor devices. The semiconductor device industry is subject to cyclical and volatile fluctuations in supply and demand and in the past has experienced significant downturns, including in the fourth quarter of 2022, which often occur in connection with declines in general economic conditions, and which have resulted in significant volatility in the semiconductor capital equipment industry and resulted in weakened customer demand. The semiconductor device industry has also experienced recurring periods of over-supply of products that have had a severe negative effect on the demand for capital equipment used to manufacture such products. Even as the industry recovers from periods of downturns, inventory digestion at our customers and the relative spending levels within our primary served markets, in particular lower spending levels for deposition and etch equipment, may result in decreased demand from our customers, such as in 2023 and early 2024. We anticipate that we will continue to experience significant fluctuations in customer orders for our products and services as a result of such fluctuations and cycles, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Current wording
Our business, financial condition and results of operations depend significantly on expenditures by manufacturers in the semiconductor capital equipment industry. In turn, the semiconductor capital equipment industry depends upon the current and anticipated market demand for semiconductor devices. The semiconductor device industry is subject to cyclical and volatile fluctuations in supply and demand and in the past has experienced significant downturns, including in the fourth quarter of 2022, which often occur in connection with declines in general economic conditions, and which have resulted in significant volatility in the semiconductor capital equipment industry and resulted in weakened customer demand. The semiconductor device industry has also experienced recurring periods of over-supply of products that have had a severe negative effect on the demand for capital equipment used to manufacture such products. Even as the industry recovers from periods of downturns, inventory digestion at our customers and the relative spending levels within our primary served markets, in particular lower spending levels for deposition and etch equipment, may result in decreased demand from our customers, such as in 2023 and early 2024. Our revenue exposure to specific end markets and technology nodes may amplify cyclicality, and downturns with respect to the demand for certain of our products may disproportionately impact our results even when other products are experiencing growth. We anticipate that we will continue to experience significant fluctuations in customer orders for our products and services as a result of such fluctuations and cycles, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Previous wording
In addition, we must be able to appropriately align our cost structure with prevailing market conditions, effectively manage our supply chain and motivate and retain employees, particularly during periods of decreasing demand for our products. We may be forced to reduce our prices during periods of decreasing demand. During the fourth quarter of 2022, we initiated labor cost reduction initiatives to better align our resources with the decreased demand environment, which continued through the second quarter of 2024. While we operate under a low fixed cost model, we may not be able to proportionally reduce all of our costs if we are required to reduce our prices. The cyclical and volatile nature of the semiconductor device industry and the absence of long-term fixed or minimum volume contracts make any effort to project a material reduction in future sales volume difficult. If we overbuild inventory in a period of decreased demand, or we expand our operations and workforce too rapidly, or procure excessive resources in anticipation of increased demand for our products, and that demand does not materialize at the pace at which we expect, or declines, our operating results may be adversely affected as a result of underutilization of capacity, charges related to excess or obsolete inventory, asset impairment or inventory write-downs, increased operating expenses or reduced margins. For example, in the fourth quarter of 2024, gross margin was impacted by costs related to our efforts to ramp headcount and other resources to address expected incremental demand in early 2025, which were unable to be fully absorbed during the quarter. Further, any future capacity expansion by us or our competitors could also lead to overcapacity and oversaturation in our target markets, which could lead to price erosion that could adversely impact our operating results.
Current wording
In addition, we must be able to appropriately align our cost structure with prevailing market conditions, effectively manage our supply chain and motivate and retain employees, particularly during periods of decreasing demand for our products. We may be forced to reduce our prices during periods of decreasing demand. During the third quarter of 2025, we initiated the Consolidation Restructuring Plan to better align our footprint with the demand environment. While we operate under a low fixed cost model, we may not be able to proportionally reduce all of our costs if we are required to reduce our prices. The cyclical and volatile nature of the semiconductor device industry and the absence of long-term fixed or minimum volume contracts make any effort to project a material reduction in future sales volume difficult. If we overbuild inventory in a period of decreased demand, or we expand our operations and workforce too rapidly, or procure excessive resources in anticipation of increased demand for our products, and that demand does not materialize at the pace at which we expect, or declines, our operating results may be adversely affected as a result of underutilization of capacity, charges related to excess or obsolete inventory, asset impairment or inventory write-downs, increased operating expenses or reduced margins. Further, any future capacity expansion by us or our competitors could also lead to overcapacity and oversaturation in our target markets, which could lead to price erosion that could adversely impact our operating results.
Previous wording
The semiconductor capital equipment industry is highly concentrated and has experienced significant consolidation in recent years. As a result, a relatively small number of OEM customers have historically accounted for a significant portion of our sales, and we expect this trend to continue for the foreseeable future. For 2024, two customers with individual sales over 10%, Lam Research and Applied Materials, accounted for a combined 73% of total sales, and we expect that our sales will continue to be concentrated among a very small number of customers. We do not have any long-term contracts that require customers to place orders with us in fixed or minimum volumes. Accordingly, the success of our business depends on the success of our customers and those customers and other OEMs continuing to outsource the manufacturing of critical subsystems and process solutions to us. Because of the small number of OEMs in the markets we serve, a number of which are already our customers, it is difficult to replace lost sales resulting from the loss of, or the reduction, cancellation or delay in purchase orders by, any one of these customers, whether due to a reduction in the amount of outsourcing they do, their giving orders to our competitors, an adverse change to their business or financial condition, their acquisition by an OEM who is not a customer or with whom we do less business, or otherwise. We have in the past lost business from customers for a number of these reasons. If we are unable to replace sales from customers who reduce the volume of products and services they purchase from us or terminate their relationship with us entirely, such events could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Current wording
The semiconductor capital equipment industry is highly concentrated and has experienced significant consolidation in recent years. As a result, a relatively small number of OEM customers have historically accounted for a significant portion of our sales, and we expect this trend to continue for the foreseeable future. For 2025, two customers with individual sales over 10%, Lam Research and Applied Materials, accounted for a combined 76% of total sales, and we expect that our sales will continue to be concentrated among a very small number of customers. We do not have any long-term contracts that require customers to place orders with us in fixed or minimum volumes. Accordingly, the success of our business depends on the success of our customers and those customers and other OEMs continuing to outsource the manufacturing of critical subsystems and process solutions to us. Because of the small number of OEMs in the markets we serve, a number of which are already our customers, it is difficult to replace lost sales resulting from the loss of, or the reduction, cancellation or delay in purchase orders by, any one of these customers, whether due to a reduction in the amount of outsourcing they do, their giving orders to our competitors, an adverse change to their business or financial condition, their acquisition by an OEM who is not a customer or with whom we do less business, or otherwise. We have in the past lost business from customers for a number of these reasons. If we are unable to replace sales from customers who reduce the volume of products and services they purchase from us or terminate their relationship with us entirely, such events could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Previous wording
Continuing uncertainty regarding the global economy and geopolitical instability continues to pose challenges to our business. Geopolitical instability, including the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the conflict in the Middle East, actual and potential shifts in U.S. (including as a result of the 2024 U.S. presidential and congressional elections) and foreign trade, economic and other policies, and rising trade tensions between the U.S. and China, as well as other global events, have significantly increased macroeconomic uncertainty at a global level. The current macroeconomic environment is characterized by high inflation, supply chain challenges, shortages of skilled labor and higher labor costs, high interest rates, foreign currency exchange volatility, volatility in the global capital markets, and uncertainty in debt markets, which exacerbates negative trends in business and consumer spending and causes certain of our customers to push out, cancel or refrain from placing orders for products or services, which may reduce sales, reduce our backlog, increase our inventory and materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. While inflation has slowed from its peak in 2022 and the U.S. Federal Reserve decreased the federal funds rate in 2024, the rate continues to be elevated and there can be no assurances that the rate will continue to decrease or that it will not be increased in 2025 or beyond. Further, difficulties in obtaining capital, uncertain market conditions or reduced profitability may also cause some customers to scale back operations, exit businesses, merge with other manufacturers, or file for bankruptcy protection and potentially cease operations, leading to customers’ reduced research and development funding or capital expenditures and, in turn, lower orders from our customers or additional slow moving or obsolete inventory or bad debt expense for us. These conditions may also similarly affect our key suppliers, which could impair their ability to deliver parts and result in delays for our products or require us to procure products from higher-cost suppliers, or if no additional suppliers exist, to reconfigure the design and manufacture of our products, and we may be unable to fulfill some customer orders. Any of these conditions or events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Current wording
Continuing uncertainty regarding the global economy and geopolitical instability continues to pose challenges to our business. Geopolitical instability, including the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the conflict in the Middle East, actual and potential shifts in U.S. (including as a result of the 2024 U.S. presidential and congressional elections) and foreign trade, economic and other policies, and rising trade tensions between the U.S. and China, as well as other global events, have significantly increased macroeconomic uncertainty at a global level. The current macroeconomic environment is characterized by high inflation, supply chain challenges, shortages of skilled labor and higher labor costs, high interest rates, foreign currency exchange volatility, volatility in the global capital markets, and uncertainty in debt markets, which exacerbates negative trends in business and consumer spending and causes certain of our customers to push out, cancel or refrain from placing orders for products or services, which may reduce sales, reduce our backlog, increase our inventory and materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. While inflation has slowed from its peak in 2022 and the U.S. Federal Reserve decreased the federal funds rate in 2024 and 2025, the rate continues to be elevated and there can be no assurances that the rate will continue to decrease or that it will not be increased in 2026 or beyond. Further, difficulties in obtaining capital, uncertain market conditions or reduced profitability may also cause some customers to scale back operations, exit businesses, merge with other manufacturers, or file for bankruptcy protection and potentially cease operations, leading to customers’ reduced research and development funding or capital expenditures and, in turn, lower orders from our customers or additional slow moving or obsolete inventory or bad debt expense for us. These conditions may also similarly affect our key suppliers, which could impair their ability to deliver parts and result in delays for our products or require us to procure products from higher-cost suppliers, or if no additional suppliers exist, to reconfigure the design and manufacture of our products, and we may be unable to fulfill some customer orders. Any of these conditions or events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Previous wording
We may be the target of attempted cyber-attacks, computer viruses, malicious code, phishing attacks, denial of service attacks and other information security threats. In addition, to the extent artificial intelligence capabilities improve and are increasingly adopted, they may be used to identify vulnerabilities and to implement increasingly sophisticated cyber-attacks. To date, cyber-attacks have not had a material impact on our financial condition, results or business; however, our efforts to maintain the security and integrity of our information technology systems may not be effective and security breaches or disruptions could result in material financial or other losses in the future, especially if we are not able to predict the probability and the severity of these attacks. Our risk and exposure to these matters remains heightened because of, among other things, the evolving nature of these threats, the current global economic and political environment, our prominent size and scale, the outsourcing of some of our business operations to foreign jurisdictions, the ongoing shortage of qualified cyber-security professionals, and the interconnectivity and interdependence of third parties to our systems. The occurrence of a cyber-attack, breach, unauthorized access, misuse, computer virus or other malicious code or other cyber-security event could jeopardize or result in the unauthorized disclosure, gathering, monitoring, misuse, corruption, loss or destruction of confidential and other information that belongs to us, our customers, our counterparties, third-party service providers or borrowers that is processed and stored in, and transmitted through, our computer systems and networks. The occurrence of such an event could also result in damage to our software, computers or systems, or otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in our, our customers’, our counterparties’ or third parties’ operations. This could result in significant losses, loss of customers and business opportunities, reputational damage, litigation, regulatory fines, penalties or intervention, reimbursement or other compensatory costs, or otherwise materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. While we have purchased cyber-security insurance, there can be no assurance that the coverage will be sufficient to cover all financial losses. Moreover, as cyber-security events increase in frequency and magnitude, we may be unable to obtain cyber-security insurance in amounts and on terms we view as appropriate for our operations.
Current wording
To date, cyber-attacks have not had a material impact on our financial condition, results or business; however, our efforts to maintain the security and integrity of our information technology systems may not be effective and security breaches or disruptions could result in material financial or other losses in the future, especially if we are not able to predict the probability and the severity of these attacks. Our risk and exposure to these matters remains heightened because of, among other things, the evolving nature of these threats, the current global economic and political environment, our prominent size and scale, the outsourcing of some of our business operations to foreign jurisdictions, the ongoing shortage of qualified cyber-security professionals, and the interconnectivity and interdependence of third parties to our systems. The occurrence of a cyber-attack, breach, unauthorized access, misuse, computer virus or other malicious code or other cyber-security event could jeopardize or result in the unauthorized disclosure, gathering, monitoring, misuse, corruption, loss or destruction of confidential and other information that belongs to us, our customers, our counterparties, third-party service providers or borrowers that is processed and stored in, and transmitted through, our computer systems and networks. The occurrence of such an event could also result in damage to our software, computers or systems, or otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in our, our customers’, our counterparties’ or third parties’ operations. This could result in significant losses, loss of customers and business opportunities, reputational damage, litigation, regulatory fines, penalties or intervention, reimbursement or other compensatory costs, or otherwise materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. While we have purchased cyber-security insurance, there can be no assurance that the coverage will be sufficient to cover all financial losses. Moreover, as cyber-security events increase in frequency and magnitude, we may be unable to obtain cyber-security insurance in amounts and on terms we view as appropriate for our operations.
Previous wording
Our business will suffer if we are unable to attract, employ and retain highly skilled personnel as our future success depends in part on the continued service of our key executive officers, as well as our research, engineering, sales and manufacturing personnel, most of whom are not subject to employment or non-competition agreements. Competition for qualified personnel in the technology industry is particularly intense, and we operate in geographic locations in which labor markets are competitive. Our management team has significant industry experience, substantial institutional knowledge of our business and operations and deep customer relationships, and therefore would be difficult to replace. In addition, our business is dependent to a significant degree on the expertise and relationships which only a limited number of engineers possess. Many of these engineers often work at our customers’ sites and serve as an extension of our customers’ product design teams. The loss of any of our key executive officers or key engineers and other personnel, including our engineers working at our customers’ sites, or the failure to attract additional personnel as needed, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could lead to higher labor costs, the use of less-qualified personnel and the loss of customers. We initiated labor cost reduction initiatives in the fourth quarter of 2022, continuing through the second quarter of 2024, which may adversely affect us as a result of decreased employee morale, the loss of institutional knowledge held by departing employees and the allocation of resources to reorganize and reassign job roles and responsibilities. Furthermore, we do not maintain key person life insurance with respect to any of our employees. In addition, if any of our key executive officers or other key employees were to join a competitor or form a competing company, we could lose customers, suppliers, know-how and key personnel.
Current wording
Our business will suffer if we are unable to attract, employ and retain highly skilled personnel as our future success depends in part on the continued service of our key executive officers, as well as our research, engineering, sales and manufacturing personnel, most of whom are not subject to employment or non-competition agreements. Competition for qualified personnel in the technology industry is particularly intense, and we operate in geographic locations in which labor markets are competitive. Our management team has significant industry experience, substantial institutional knowledge of our business and operations and deep customer relationships, and therefore would be difficult to replace. In addition, our business is dependent to a significant degree on the expertise and relationships which only a limited number of engineers possess. Many of these engineers often work at our customers’ sites and serve as an extension of our customers’ product design teams. The loss of any of our key executive officers or key engineers and other personnel, including our engineers working at our customers’ sites, or the failure to attract additional personnel as needed, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could lead to higher labor costs, the use of less-qualified personnel and the loss of customers. We initiated labor cost reduction initiatives in the second quarter of 2025, continuing through the fourth quarter of 2025, which may adversely affect us as a result of decreased employee morale, the loss of institutional knowledge held by departing employees and the allocation of resources to reorganize and reassign job roles and responsibilities. Furthermore, we do not maintain key person life insurance with respect to any of our employees. In addition, if any of our key executive officers or other key employees were to join a competitor or form a competing company, we could lose customers, suppliers, know-how and key personnel.
Previous wording
As of December 27, 2024, we had approximately 1,820 full time employees and 560 contract or temporary workers worldwide. None of our employees are unionized, but in various countries, local law requires our participation in works councils. While we have not experienced any material work stoppages at any of our facilities, any stoppage or slowdown could cause material interruptions in manufacturing, and we cannot ensure that alternate qualified personnel would be available on a timely basis, or at all. As a result, labor disruptions at any of our facilities could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Current wording
As of December 26, 2025, we had approximately 1,891 full time employees and 557 contract/temporary employees worldwide. None of our employees are unionized, but in various countries, local law requires our participation in works councils. While we have not experienced any material work stoppages at any of our facilities, any stoppage or slowdown could cause material interruptions in manufacturing, and we cannot ensure that alternate qualified personnel would be available on a timely basis, or at all. As a result, labor disruptions at any of our facilities could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Previous wording
As a result of recent trade policy changes in the U.S., there may be greater restrictions and economic disincentives on international trade and a resulting impact on our operations, sales and financial condition. For example, the Bureau of Industry and Security (“BIS") has issued multiple rules in the last several years (the "BIS Rules"), most recently on December 2, 2024, that restrict the export of advanced computing and semiconductor manufacturing items when provided for use in certain semiconductor manufacturing activities in China, which have impacted and may continue to impact our sales and operations. We have had some delays in export activity as we analyze available emergency authorizations and assess the new licensing requirements for our business. While we have applied and received licenses from the BIS for our products, we recognize that the BIS could revise or expand the BIS Rules in response to public comments and the BIS may issue guidance clarifying the scope of the BIS Rules. Such revisions, expansions or guidance could change the impact of the BIS Rules on our business and require us to apply for additional licenses. If the BIS denies our license applications or there are delays in issuing licenses, we may have to cease or delay exports, which would cause a reduction in revenue. Furthermore, to the extent any of our customers or counterparties are designated on the Entity List or Unverified List maintained by the BIS, to which BIS may continue to add customers, we could suffer additional disruptions to sales and operations.
Current wording
As a result of recent trade policy changes in the U.S., there may be greater restrictions and economic disincentives on international trade and a resulting impact on our operations, sales and financial condition. For example, the Bureau of Industry and Security (“BIS") has issued multiple rules in the last several years (the "BIS Rules") that restrict the export of advanced computing and semiconductor manufacturing items when provided for use in certain semiconductor manufacturing activities in China, which have impacted and may continue to impact our sales and operations. We have had some delays in export activity as we analyze available emergency authorizations and assess the new licensing requirements for our business. While we have applied and received licenses from the BIS for our products, we recognize that the BIS could revise or expand the BIS Rules in response to public comments and the BIS may issue guidance clarifying the scope of the BIS Rules. Such revisions, expansions or guidance could change the impact of the BIS Rules on our business and require us to apply for additional licenses. If the BIS denies our license applications or there are delays in issuing licenses, we may have to cease or delay exports, which would cause a reduction in revenue. Furthermore, to the extent any of our customers or counterparties are designated on the Entity List or Unverified List maintained by the BIS, to which BIS may continue to add customers, we could suffer additional disruptions to sales and operations.
Previous wording
We are subject to a variety of federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations governing the protection of the environment or addressing climate change. These environmental laws and regulations include those relating to the use, storage, handling, discharge, emission, disposal and reporting of toxic, volatile or otherwise hazardous materials (such as regulations imposed on the use or sale of PFAS or PFAS-containing products) used in our manufacturing processes. These materials may have been or could be released into the environment at properties currently or previously owned or operated by us, at other locations during the transport of materials or at properties to which we send substances for treatment or disposal. In addition, we may not be aware of all environmental laws or regulations that could subject us to liability in the U.S. or internationally. If we were to violate or become liable under environmental laws and regulations or become non-compliant with permits required at some of our facilities, we could be held financially responsible and incur substantial costs, including cleanup costs, fines and civil or criminal sanctions, third-party property damage or personal injury claims. We could also be required to alter or discontinue our product design, manufacturing and operations in certain jurisdictions and incur substantial expense in order to comply. In addition, our operations may be interrupted or restricted by the phase-out or ban of certain substances, materials or processes, which may impact the sourcing, supply and pricing of materials used in manufacturing our products.
Current wording
We are subject to a variety of federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations governing the protection of the environment or addressing climate change. These environmental laws and regulations include those relating to the use, storage, handling, discharge, emission, disposal and reporting of toxic, volatile or otherwise hazardous materials (such as regulations imposed on the use or sale of polyfluoroalkyl substances ("PFAS") or PFAS-containing products) used in our manufacturing processes. These materials may have been or could be released into the environment at properties currently or previously owned or operated by us, at other locations during the transport of materials or at properties to which we send substances for treatment or disposal. In addition, we may not be aware of all environmental laws or regulations that could subject us to liability in the U.S. or internationally. If we were to violate or become liable under environmental laws and regulations or become non-compliant with permits required at some of our facilities, we could be held financially responsible and incur substantial costs, including cleanup costs, fines and civil or criminal sanctions, third-party property damage or personal injury claims. We could also be required to alter or discontinue our product design, manufacturing and operations in certain jurisdictions and incur substantial expense in order to comply. In addition, our operations may be interrupted or restricted by the phase-out or ban of certain substances, materials or processes, which may impact the sourcing, supply and pricing of materials used in manufacturing our products.
Previous wording
We previously identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, and if we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, disclosure controls, and procedures, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results, prevent fraud, or file our periodic reports in a timely manner, which may cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information and may lead to a decline in our share price.
Current wording
If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results, prevent fraud, or file our periodic reports in a timely manner, which may cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information and may lead to a decline in our share price.
Previous wording
As a publicly traded company, we are required to comply with the SEC’s rules implementing Section 302 and 404 of the Sarbanes‑Oxley Act, which require management to certify financial and other information in our quarterly and annual reports and to provide an annual management report on the effectiveness of controls over financial reporting. Our independent registered public accounting firm is required to attest to the effectiveness of
Current wording
As a publicly traded company, we are required to comply with the SEC’s rules implementing Section 302 and 404 of the Sarbanes‑Oxley Act, which require management to certify financial and other information in our quarterly and annual reports and to provide an annual management report on the effectiveness of controls over financial reporting. Our independent registered public accounting firm is required to attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
Previous wording
our internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. In 2021, we identified material weaknesses related to ineffective information technology general controls in the areas of user access and program change management over certain information technology systems that support our financial reporting processes. Such weaknesses have since been remediated. However, we cannot assure that the measures we have taken will be sufficient to avoid additional material weaknesses in future periods and that we will not identify other material weaknesses in the future. If we are unable to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting or disclosure controls and procedures, our ability to record, process, and report financial information accurately and to prepare financial statements within required time periods could be adversely affected, which could subject us to litigation, investigations, or penalties; negatively affect our liquidity, our access to capital markets, perceptions of our creditworthiness, our ability to complete acquisitions, our ability to maintain compliance with covenants under our debt instruments or derivative arrangements regarding the timely filing of periodic reports, or investor confidence in our financial reporting, any of which may divert management resources or cause our stock price to decline.
Current wording
If we are unable to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting or disclosure controls and procedures, our ability to record, process, and report financial information accurately and to prepare financial statements within required time periods could be adversely affected, which could subject us to litigation, investigations, or penalties; negatively affect our liquidity, our access to capital markets, perceptions of our creditworthiness, our ability to complete acquisitions, our ability to maintain compliance with covenants under our debt instruments or derivative arrangements regarding the timely filing of periodic reports, or investor confidence in our financial reporting, any of which may divert management resources or cause our stock price to decline.
Previous wording
As of December 27, 2024, we had total principal outstanding of $129.4 million under our term loan facility and no outstanding balance under our revolving credit facility (collectively “credit facilities”). We may incur additional indebtedness in the future. Our credit facilities contain certain restrictive covenants and conditions, including limitations on our ability to, among other things:
Current wording
As of December 26, 2025, we had total principal outstanding of $125.0 million under our term loan facility and no outstanding balance under our revolving credit facility (collectively “credit facilities”). We may incur additional indebtedness in the future. Our credit facilities contain certain restrictive covenants and conditions, including limitations on our ability to, among other things: