Sunrun Inc.
For the period ended Mar 31, 2026. Filed May 6, 2026.
View on SEC.govAbout this filing
A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Mar 31, 2026 · Filed May 6, 2026
What changed in Risk Factors?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2025-09-30; filed 2025-11-06.
0001628280-25-050191
Item 1A. Risk FactorsUnregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of ProceedsMine Safety DisclosuresCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2026-03-31; filed 2026-05-06.
0001628280-26-031271
Item 1A. Risk FactorsUnregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of ProceedsMine Safety DisclosuresThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 321 previous paragraphs and 322 current paragraphs.
212 unchanged; 99 reworded; 9 added; 10 removed; 0 previous and 2 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 0 previous and 0 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (9)
Current report
Administration responded by announcing new tariffs pursuant to another statute, but significant uncertainty remains regarding the legality and effect of such tariffs. In response to such U.S. tariffs, some foreign governments have threatened or instituted retaliatory tariffs on certain U.S. goods and have indicated a willingness to impose additional tariffs on U.S. products, which could increase tensions and create greater uncertainty and instability in our business dealings and negatively affect our business operations. The legal standing of some reciprocal tariffs is currently under federal court review, though these rulings are stayed pending appeal, meaning the announced tariffs remain in effect.
Current report
The threat landscape we face includes, among others: malware and advanced persistent threats; ransomware; social engineering, phishing, and deepfake-enabled impersonation; denial-of-service, credential stuffing, and credential harvesting attacks; supply-chain compromise; software and hardware vulnerabilities; insider misconduct or error; and attacks enhanced or enabled by artificial intelligence. Our distributed workforce, contractors, and third-party service providers expand the set of devices, identities, and access points that must be secured. Severe ransomware attacks in particular can cause significant operational disruption, data loss, and financial harm; extortion payments may mitigate these effects, but we may be unwilling or unable to make them due to applicable laws or regulations, including U.S. economic sanctions restrictions on payments to designated persons or jurisdictions.
Current report
We maintain a cybersecurity program designed to prevent, detect, and respond to these threats, including controls such as identity-based access management, endpoint security, network segmentation, and vulnerability management, together with a cross-functional incident response process that includes a defined escalation path and a materiality assessment protocol for evaluating disclosure obligations. We also maintain cybersecurity insurance. No program, however, can prevent all incidents. Security measures may fail or be circumvented; vulnerabilities may not be detected or remediated on a timely basis; and patch and remediation efforts may be delayed. Our ability to monitor the security practices of third parties is inherently limited, and a security incident, operational failure, or service disruption affecting a concentrated or difficult-to-substitute provider, including cloud infrastructure, identity, or collaboration platforms, could affect our operations even where the provider is in compliance with its obligations to us. Cybersecurity insurance coverage is subject to material limitations, including sub-limits for ransomware and extortion events, co-insurance requirements, exclusions for acts of war, hostile acts, or state-sponsored activity, and substantial retentions. While we generally seek to include limitations of liability, indemnification provisions, and data-security obligations in our contracts with customers, vendors, and service providers, we are not always able to negotiate these terms and protections at the scope or cap levels we prefer, and some contracts may omit them entirely. Even where such provisions are in place, they may not be sufficient to protect us from liabilities, damages, or claims, and may be unenforceable in certain jurisdictions.
Current report
Cybersecurity incidents affecting our grid services operations or distributed energy resource ("DER") fleet could disrupt operations and affect utility partners and customers. We manage a large network of residential energy systems that provide power capacity and other grid services to utilities and grid operators through software platforms, communications networks, equipment controls, and data connections with third parties. These systems include internet-connected inverters, batteries, and metering devices deployed in customer homes, which operate on longer lifecycles than typical enterprise IT and present distinct cybersecurity considerations, including firmware integrity and the need to maintain security over the operational life of the deployed fleet. A cyberattack, system failure, or communications outage could limit our ability to operate these systems, reduce availability during critical grid events, affect data accuracy, or damage equipment, potentially impacting customers, counterparties, and local grid reliability and leading to contractual disputes, regulatory action, or loss of program participation. Cybersecurity requirements for these services continue to evolve at the federal and state levels, which could increase costs, require operational changes, or restrict participation in certain markets.
Current report
A security incident could result in unauthorized access to or disclosure, modification, destruction, or encryption of our sensitive information or systems, or those of third parties with whom we work, and could disrupt our ability to provide services. Applicable data privacy and security obligations may require us to notify affected individuals, customers, regulators, or investors of such incidents. Materiality determinations for disclosure purposes must often be made on short timelines and under conditions of incomplete information, and inaccurate or delayed determinations, or conflicts between SEC disclosure timing and law enforcement delay requests, could result in enforcement action, securities litigation, or reputational harm. The consequences of a security incident, or the perception of one, may include operational disruption, financial loss, regulatory enforcement, litigation and indemnification exposure, and reputational harm that impairs customer acquisition and retention.
Current report
Sensitive information about the Company, our employees, or our customers may also be exposed outside of a traditional security incident, including through use of generative AI technologies by our personnel or vendors, or through inference or aggregation by third parties from public sources, data brokers, or other external channels, in ways that could harm our competitive position or create regulatory exposure.
Current report
Our employees and personnel use generative artificial intelligence (“AI”) technologies, and the use of these tools may involve personal data and other information subject to privacy laws, contractual obligations, and evolving regulatory requirements. Governments have adopted, and may continue to adopt, additional laws governing AI, which could increase compliance costs, lead to regulatory inquiries, enforcement actions, or litigation, and require changes to how we deploy or use these technologies. We have implemented policies and procedures governing employee, contractor, and service provider use of AI tools, including data submission restrictions and review processes for certain AI-enabled products and services. However, these controls may not prevent all unauthorized, inaccurate, or non-compliant use, and their effectiveness depends on continued training, monitoring, and adaptation as AI technologies and related regulations evolve. If we are unable to use AI effectively, our operations could become less efficient and thereby negatively impact our business, financial condition, results of operations, or competitive position.
Current report
In addition, the regulatory framework for AI technologies is rapidly evolving as many federal, state and foreign government bodies and agencies have introduced or are currently considering additional laws and regulations. AI regulations may impose requirements related to transparency, accountability, and non-discrimination, and may change or be interpreted in ways that could directly affect our business operations. For example, in the United States and Europe, recent and proposed laws regulate the use of automated decision-making and generative AI, and establish requirements for companies that develop, use, or provide AI technologies. These developments create ongoing uncertainty regarding compliance and may require us to adapt our products, services, or practices as regulatory regimes evolve.
Current report
It is possible that further new laws and regulations (or interpretations of existing laws and regulations), including around intellectual property, data privacy, competition and antitrust laws, may limit our ability to use AI technologies for our business, or require us to change the way we use AI technologies in a manner that negatively affects the performance of our products, services and business. Compliance with these laws and regulations may require significant resources and increase our operating expenses, and any actual or perceived failure to comply could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, or competitive position.
Removed paragraphs (10)
Previous report
Our corporate mission is to connect people to the cleanest energy on earth, and we seek to mitigate these climate-related risks not only through our core business model and sustainability initiatives, but also by working with organizations who are also focused on mitigating their own climate-related risks.
Previous report
Some actors now engage and are expected to continue to engage in cyber-attacks, including without limitation nation-state actors for geopolitical reasons and in conjunction with military conflicts and defense activities. During times of war and other major conflicts, we, the third parties with whom we work, and our customers may be vulnerable to a heightened risk of these attacks, including retaliatory cyber-attacks, that could materially disrupt our systems and operations, supply chain, and ability to produce, sell and distribute our goods and services.
Previous report
In addition, we, our third-party service providers with whom we work are subject to a variety of evolving threats, such as computer malware (including as a result of advanced persistent threat intrusions), ransomware, malicious code (such as viruses or worms), social engineering (including through deep fakes, which may be increasingly more difficult to identify as fake, and phishing attacks), telecommunications failures, denial-of-service attacks, credential stuffing attacks, credential harvesting, personnel misconduct or error, supply-chain attacks, software bugs, server malfunctions, software or hardware failures, loss of data or other information technology assets, adware, natural disasters and extreme weather events, general hacking, telecommunications failures, attacks enhanced or infiltrated by AI, and other similar threats. Cybersecurity threats have become more prevalent, and could impact our systems and those of our third parties in the future. Our team members who work remotely pose increased risks to our information technology systems and data, because many of them utilize network connections outside our premises that are less secure.
Previous report
Applicable data privacy and security obligations may require us to notify relevant stakeholders, including affected individuals, customers, regulators, and investors, of security incidents. Such disclosures are costly, and the disclosure or the failure to comply with such requirements could lead to adverse consequences. Inadvertent disclosure of confidential data, such as personal information, or if a third party were to gain unauthorized access to this type of data in our possession, has resulted in, and could result in future claims or litigation arising from damages suffered by those affected, government enforcement actions (for example, investigations, fines, penalties, audits, and inspections), additional reporting requirements and/or oversight, indemnification obligations, reputational harm, interruptions in our operations, financial loss, and other similar harms. In addition, we could incur significant costs in complying with the multitude of federal, state and local laws, and applicable independent security control frameworks, regarding the unauthorized disclosure of personal information.
Previous report
While we have implemented security measures designed to protect against security incidents, there can be no assurance that these measures will be effective. Finally, any perceived or actual unauthorized disclosure of such information, unauthorized intrusion, or other cyberthreat could harm our reputation, substantially impair our ability to attract and retain customers, interrupt our operations, and have an adverse impact on our business.
Previous report
We rely on third parties and technologies to operate critical business systems to process sensitive information in a variety of contexts, including, without limitation, cloud-based infrastructure, encryption and authentication technology, employee email, and other functions. Our ability to monitor these third parties’ information security practices is limited, and these third parties may not have adequate information security measures in place. If the third parties with whom we work experience a security incident or other interruption, we could experience adverse consequences. While we may be entitled to damages if our third-party service providers fail to satisfy their privacy or security-related obligations to us, any award may be insufficient to cover our damages, or we may be unable to recover such award.
Previous report
We take steps designed to detect, mitigate, and remediate vulnerabilities in our information systems (such as our hardware and/or software, including that of third parties with whom we work). We may not, however, detect and remediate all such vulnerabilities on a timely basis. Further, we may experience delays in developing and deploying remedial measures and patches designed to address identified vulnerabilities.
Previous report
Any of the previously identified or similar threats could cause a security incident or other interruption that could result in unauthorized, unlawful, or accidental acquisition, modification, destruction, loss, alteration, encryption, disclosure of, or access to our sensitive information or our information technology systems, or those of the third parties with whom we work. A security incident or other interruption could disrupt our ability (and that of third parties with whom we work) to provide our services.
Previous report
Our contracts may not contain limitations of liability, and even where they do, there can be no assurance that limitations of liability in our contracts are sufficient to protect us from liabilities, damages, or claims related to our data privacy and security obligations. While we currently maintain cybersecurity insurance, such insurance may not be sufficient to cover us against claims, and we cannot be certain that cyber insurance will continue to be available to us on economically reasonable terms, or at all, or that any insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim.
Previous report
Our employees and personnel use generative artificial intelligence (“AI”) technologies, and the disclosure and use of personal data in generative AI technologies is subject to various privacy laws and other privacy obligations. Governments have passed and are likely to pass additional laws regulating generative AI. Our use of this technology could result in additional compliance costs, regulatory investigations and actions, and lawsuits. If we are unable to use generative AI, it could make our business less efficient and result in competitive disadvantages.
Reworded paragraphs (99)
Previous wording
The battery storage and solar energy industry is an emerging and constantly evolving market opportunity. We believe the battery storage and solar energy industry is evolving and maturing, and we cannot be certain that the market will grow to the size or at the rate we expect. For example, we have experienced increases in cancellations of our Customer Agreements in certain geographic markets during various periods in our operating history. Any future growth of the solar energy market and the success of our offerings depend on many factors beyond our control, including recognition and acceptance of the battery storage and solar service market by consumers, the pricing of alternative sources of energy, a favorable regulatory environment, the continuation of expected tax benefits and other incentives, and our ability to provide our storage and solar service offerings cost effectively. If the markets for battery storage and solar energy do not develop to the size or at the rate we expect, our business may be adversely affected.
Current wording
The battery storage and solar energy industry is an emerging and constantly evolving market opportunity. We cannot be certain that the market will grow to the size or at the rate we expect. For example, we have experienced increases in cancellations of our Customer Agreements in certain geographic markets during various periods in our operating history. Any future growth of the solar and battery storage market and the success of our offerings depend on many factors beyond our control, including recognition and acceptance of the battery storage and solar service market by consumers, the pricing of alternative sources of energy, a favorable regulatory environment, the continuation of expected tax benefits and other compensation, and our ability to provide our storage and solar service offerings cost effectively. If the markets for battery storage and solar energy do not develop to the size or at the rate we expect, our business may be adversely affected.
Previous wording
Home battery storage and solar energy has yet to achieve broad market acceptance and depends in part on continued support in the form of rebates, tax credits, and other incentives from federal, state and local governments. For example, the most notable recent federal tax legislation affecting our business is the OBBB, that President Trump signed into law on July 4, 2025. The new law makes adverse changes to tax policies that we rely upon, including the Section 48E Clean Electricity Investment Credit and its associated “bonus” credits. The law maintains the Section 48E credit for energy storage through 2033, and it shortens the availability of the 48E credit for solar facilities to the end of 2027. The law also applies new “Prohibited Foreign Entity” (“PFE”) restrictions to the Section 48E credit, which could potentially deny tax credits to entities owned, controlled, or influenced by certain specified foreign entities, and for projects that use certain components or receive "material assistance" from certain prohibited foreign entities, thereby potentially increasing costs and potentially reducing demand, or restricting access to tax credits. Further, the law ends the Section 25D Residential Clean Energy Credit starting in 2026. Additionally, there have been significant changes in the residential solar policy and pricing framework in California, which is one of our key markets and represents over 45% of our customer base. Changes to California’s net metering policy, with the new billing regime implemented in April 2023, presented a significant change to the financial credits California customers receive from our solar and battery systems and may limit the financial attractiveness of our offerings in this market, particularly for solar-only systems. Originations in California are below levels prior to the Net Billing Tariff (“NBT”) transition, and without further increases in originations, our new installations in California may continue to decline compared to prior periods, which could have a material adverse effect on our business operations and financial performance. If support diminishes materially for solar or storage policy related to rebates, tax credits, bill crediting, or other incentives, our ability to obtain external financing on acceptable terms, or at all, could be materially adversely affected. These types of funding limitations could lead to inadequate financing support for the anticipated growth in our business. Furthermore, growth in residential solar energy depends in part on macroeconomic conditions, retail prices of electricity and customer preferences, each of which can change quickly. Declining macroeconomic conditions, including in job markets and residential real estate markets, could contribute to instability and uncertainty among customers and impact their financial wherewithal, credit scores or interest in entering into long-term contracts, even if such contracts would generate immediate and long-term savings.
Current wording
Home battery storage and solar energy has yet to achieve broad market acceptance and depends in part on continued support in the form of rebates, tax credits, and other incentives from federal, state and local governments. For example, the most notable recent federal tax legislation affecting our business is the OBBB, that President Trump signed into law on July 4, 2025. The new law makes adverse changes to tax policies that we rely upon, including to the eligibility of solar energy systems for the 48E Clean Electricity Investment Credit after 2027. The law maintains the 48E credit for energy storage through 2033. The law also applies new “Prohibited Foreign Entity” (“PFE”) restrictions to the Section 48E credit, which could potentially deny tax credits to entities owned, controlled, or influenced by certain specified foreign entities of concern, and for projects that use certain components or receive "material assistance" from certain prohibited foreign entities of concern, thereby potentially increasing costs and potentially reducing demand, or restricting access to tax credits. Further, the law ended the Residential Clean Energy Credit on January 1, 2026. Additionally, there have been significant changes in the residential solar policy and pricing framework in California, which is one of our key markets and represents over 45% of our customer base, as of March 31, 2026. Changes to California’s net metering policy, with the new billing regime implemented in April 2023, presented a significant change to the financial credits California customers receive from our solar and battery systems and may limit the financial attractiveness of our offerings in this market, particularly for solar-only systems. Originations in California are below levels prior to the Net Billing Tariff (“NBT”) transition, and without further increases in originations, our new installations in California may continue to decline compared to prior periods, which could have a material adverse effect on our business operations and financial performance. If support diminishes materially for solar or storage policy related to rebates, tax credits, bill crediting, or other incentives, our ability to obtain external financing on acceptable terms, or at all, could be materially adversely affected. These types of funding limitations could lead to inadequate financing support for the anticipated growth in our business. Furthermore, growth in residential solar and storage energy depends in part on macroeconomic conditions, retail prices of electricity and customer preferences, each of which can change quickly. Declining macroeconomic conditions, including in job markets and residential real estate markets, could contribute to instability and uncertainty among customers and impact their financial wherewithal, credit scores or interest in entering into long-term contracts, even if such contracts would generate immediate and long-term savings.
Previous wording
We have historically benefited from declining costs in our industry, and our business and financial results may be harmed as a result of recent and any continued increases in costs associated with our solar service offerings and any failure of these costs to continue declining as we currently expect. If we do not reduce our cost structure in the future, our ability to continue to be profitable may be impaired.
Current wording
We have historically benefited from declining costs in our industry, and our business and financial results have been and may continue to be harmed as a result of recent and any continued increases in costs associated with our solar service offerings and any failure of these costs to decline in the future. If we do not reduce our cost structure in the future, our ability to continue to be profitable may be impaired.
Previous wording
U.S. trade and tariff policy regarding solar energy equipment has experienced a high level of activity in recent years, under both the current and previous Administrations. Most recently, on July 1, 2025, the U.S. Commerce Department launched an investigation under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 into imported polysilicon, a key component in solar panels. If the investigation finds that imported polysilicon poses a national security threat to the United States, the Administration could impose tariffs on those imports, potentially increasing the price of some of the equipment we procure.
Current wording
U.S. trade and tariff policy regarding solar energy equipment has experienced a high level of activity in recent years, under both the current and previous Administrations. Most recently, on July 1, 2025, the U.S. Commerce Department launched an investigation under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 into imported polysilicon, a key component in solar panels. A decision is expected in 2026. If the investigation finds that imported polysilicon poses a national security threat to the United States, the Administration could impose new tariffs on those imports, potentially increasing the price of some of the equipment we procure.
Previous wording
In addition, on April 21, 2025, the U.S. Commerce Department issued final anti-dumping (“AD”) and countervailing duty (“CVD”) rates on crystalline solar cells and modules imported from Vietnam, Malaysia, Thailand and Cambodia. These countries have supplied the majority of imported solar cells and modules to the United States in the past, and now face new country-wide final AD or CVD tariff rates ranging from 1.92% to 534.67%. The Commerce Department also imposed new tariffs on individual cell and module manufacturers in those countries. The imposition of tariffs generally has an inflationary effect on module prices for solar energy equipment installers, including us.
Current wording
In addition, on April 21, 2025, the U.S. Commerce Department issued final anti-dumping (“AD”) and countervailing duty (“CVD”) rates on crystalline solar cells and modules imported from Vietnam, Malaysia, Thailand and Cambodia. These countries have supplied the majority of imported solar cells and modules to the United States in recent years. The final determinations imposed a wide range of duty rates depending on the specific exporter, including individually determined rates for certain major manufacturers and significantly higher rates for non-cooperative or unreviewed companies, in some cases exceeding 3,400%. Even the individually determined rates applicable to major exporters from whom we or our suppliers may source such cells and modules may represent a material increase in costs. The imposition of these duties generally has an inflationary effect on module prices for solar energy equipment installers, including us.
Previous wording
In addition, U.S. laws and regulations intended to prevent the importation of goods manufactured with forced labor has and could continue to affect our business operations and supply chain, including ongoing enforcement of the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act and the withhold release order (“WRO”) that U.S. Customs and Border Protection (“CBP”) issued on June 24, 2021 applicable to certain silica-based products manufactured in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China. Intensive examinations, withhold release orders, and related governmental procedures have resulted in supply chain and operational delays throughout the industry, and we have implemented policies and procedures to maintain compliance and minimize delays. These and similar trade restrictions that may be imposed in the future could cause delivery and installation delays, and restrict the global supply of polysilicon and solar products. This could result in near-term demand for available solar energy systems despite higher costs, increased costs of polysilicon and the overall cost of solar energy systems, and equipment shortages, potentially reducing overall demand for and limiting the supply of our products and services.
Current wording
In addition, U.S. laws and regulations intended to prevent the importation of goods manufactured with forced labor have and could continue to affect our business operations and supply chain, including ongoing enforcement of the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act (“UFLPA”) and the withhold release order (“WRO”) that U.S. Customs and Border Protection (“CBP”) issued on June 24, 2021, applicable to certain silica-based products manufactured in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China. Intensive examinations, withhold release orders, and related governmental procedures have resulted in supply chain and operational delays throughout the industry, and we have implemented policies and procedures to maintain compliance and minimize delays. These and similar trade restrictions that may be imposed in the future could cause delivery and installation delays, and restrict the global supply of polysilicon and solar products. This could result in near-term demand for available energy systems despite higher costs, increased costs of polysilicon and the overall cost of energy systems, and equipment shortages, potentially reducing overall demand for and limiting the supply of our products and services.
Previous wording
Since January 2025, we have faced substantial trade policy volatility, marked by escalating tariffs and trade investigations that create substantial uncertainty in our supply chain and cost structure. In April, the Administration implemented broad "reciprocal" tariffs, including a 10% baseline tariff on most imports. Following a 90-day pause to allow for bilateral negotiations, country-specific reciprocal tariffs took effect on August 7, 2025, with rates now ranging from 10% to 50% depending on the country of origin. Existing tariffs on steel, copper and aluminum were notably already increased to 50% for most countries, with specific exemptions for the UK. Additionally, investigations into potential tariffs on lumber imports are ongoing, alongside other sector and country-specific actions. The legal standing of some reciprocal tariffs is currently under federal court review, though these rulings are stayed pending appeal, meaning the announced tariffs remain in effect.
Current wording
In recent years, we have faced substantial trade policy volatility, marked by escalating tariffs and trade investigations that create substantial uncertainty in our supply chain and cost structure. In April 2025, the Administration implemented broad "reciprocal" tariffs, including a 10% baseline tariff on most imports. Following a 90-day pause to allow for bilateral negotiations, country-specific reciprocal tariffs took effect on August 7, 2025, with rates now ranging from 10% to 50% depending on the country of origin. Existing tariffs on steel, copper and aluminum were notably already increased to 50% for most countries, with specific exemptions for the UK. On February 20, 2026, the U.S. Supreme Court held that the International Emergency Economic Powers Act does not authorize the President to impose tariffs, invalidating some but not all of the recently imposed tariffs. The Trump
Previous wording
The trade relationship with China has seen particularly aggressive and fluctuating tariff escalations. While final tariff rates have yet to be determined, other pre-existing U.S. tariffs on Chinese goods generally persist, can change more frequently than previously, and are additive. The highly fluid situation with China is potentially subject to further changes as this 90-day pause period concludes and with the ongoing sector-specific investigations into polysilicon and semiconductors.
Current wording
The trade relationship with China has seen particularly aggressive and fluctuating tariff escalations. While final tariff rates have yet to be determined, other pre-existing U.S. tariffs on Chinese goods generally persist, can change more frequently than previously, and are additive. For example, the current U.S. presidential administration has announced a formal investigation process to consider new national security-based tariffs on imports of semiconductors and semiconductor manufacturing equipment, which are necessary components of our solar panels. The highly fluid situation with China is potentially subject to further changes as this 90-day pause period concludes and with the ongoing sector-specific investigations into polysilicon and semiconductors.
Previous wording
Furthermore, we face competition from purely finance-driven nonintegrated competitors that subcontract out the installation of solar energy systems, from installation businesses (including solar partners) that seek financing from external parties, from large construction companies and from electrical and roofing companies. In addition, local installers that might otherwise be viewed as potential solar partners may gain market share by being able to be the first providers in new local markets. Some of these competitors may provide energy at lower costs than we do. Finally, as declining prices for solar panels and related equipment has resulted in an increase in consumers purchasing instead of leasing solar energy systems, we face competition from companies that offer consumer loans for these solar panel purchases.
Current wording
Furthermore, we face competition from purely finance-driven nonintegrated competitors that subcontract out the installation of energy systems, from installation businesses (including energy system partners) that seek financing from external parties, from large construction companies and from electrical and roofing companies. In addition, local installers that might otherwise be viewed as potential energy system partners may gain market share by being able to be the first providers in new local markets. Some of these competitors may provide energy at lower costs than we do. Finally, as declining prices for solar panels and related equipment has resulted in an increase in consumers purchasing instead of leasing energy systems, we face competition from companies that offer consumer loans for these solar panel purchases.
Previous wording
The production and installation of solar energy systems depend heavily on suitable meteorological and environmental conditions. If meteorological or environmental conditions are unexpectedly unfavorable, the electricity production from our solar service offerings may be below our expectations, and our ability to timely deploy new systems may be adversely impacted.
Current wording
The production and installation of energy systems depend heavily on suitable meteorological and environmental conditions. If meteorological or environmental conditions are unexpectedly unfavorable, the electricity production from our solar service offerings may be below our expectations, and our ability to timely deploy new systems may be adversely impacted.
Previous wording
The energy produced and revenue and cash flows generated by a solar energy system depend on suitable solar and weather conditions, both of which are beyond our control. Furthermore, components of our systems, such as panels and inverters, could be damaged by severe weather or natural catastrophes, such as hailstorms, tornadoes, fires, hurricanes, atmospheric rivers, or earthquakes. In these circumstances, we generally would be obligated to bear the expense of repairing the damaged solar energy systems that we own. Sustained unfavorable weather or environmental conditions also could unexpectedly delay the installation of our solar energy systems, leading to increased expenses and decreased revenue and cash flows in the relevant periods. Extreme weather conditions, as well as the natural catastrophes that could result from such conditions, can severely impact our operations by delaying the installation of our systems, lowering sales, and causing a decrease in the output from our systems due to smoke or haze. Weather patterns could change, making it harder to predict the average annual amount of sunlight striking each location where our solar energy systems are installed. This could make our solar service offerings less economical overall or make individual systems less economical. Any of these events or conditions could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Current wording
The energy produced and revenue and cash flows generated by an energy system depend on suitable solar and weather conditions, both of which are beyond our control. Furthermore, components of our systems, such as panels and inverters, could be damaged by severe weather or natural catastrophes, such as hailstorms, tornadoes, fires, hurricanes, atmospheric rivers, or earthquakes. In these circumstances, we generally would be obligated to bear the expense of repairing the damaged energy systems that we own. Sustained unfavorable weather or environmental conditions also could unexpectedly delay the installation of our energy systems, leading to increased expenses and decreased revenue and cash flows in the relevant periods. Extreme weather conditions, as well as the natural catastrophes that could result from such conditions, can severely impact our operations by delaying the installation of our systems, lowering sales, and causing a decrease in the output from our systems due to smoke or haze. Weather patterns could change, making it harder to predict the average annual amount of sunlight striking each location where our energy systems are installed. This could make our solar service offerings less economical overall or make individual systems less economical. Any of these events or conditions could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Previous wording
Extreme weather, impacts from climate change, and dramatic increase in demand for electricity on the grid, present unprecedented challenges for energy systems, and we anticipate volatility for our industry. While our core business model seeks to accelerate a transition to renewable energy, there are inherent climate-related risks to our business operations. Warming temperatures throughout the United States, and in California, our biggest market, in particular, have contributed to extreme weather, intense drought, and increased wildfire risks. These extreme weather events have the potential to disrupt our business, our third-party suppliers, and our customers, and may cause us to incur additional operational costs. They can also cause a decrease in the output from our systems due to smoke or haze. Additionally, if weather patterns significantly shift due to climate change, it may be harder to predict the average annual amount of sunlight striking each location where our solar energy systems are installed. This could make our solar service offerings less economical overall or make individual systems less economical.
Current wording
Extreme weather, impacts from climate change, and dramatic increase in demand for electricity on the grid, present unprecedented challenges for energy systems, and we anticipate volatility for our industry. While our core business model seeks to accelerate a transition to renewable energy, there are inherent climate-related risks to our business operations. Warming temperatures throughout the United States, and in California, our biggest market, in particular, have contributed to extreme weather, intense drought, and increased wildfire risks. These extreme weather events have the potential to disrupt our business, our third-party suppliers, and our customers, and may cause us to incur additional operational costs. They can also cause a decrease in the output from our systems due to smoke or haze. Additionally, if weather patterns significantly shift due to climate change, it may be harder to predict the average annual amount of sunlight striking each location where our energy systems are installed. This could make our solar service offerings less economical overall or make individual systems less economical.
Previous wording
Natural disasters and extreme weather events associated with climate change have impacted our operations by delaying the installation of our systems, leading to increased expenses and decreased revenue and cash flows. Continued increases in similar types of extreme weather events may harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Current wording
Natural disasters and extreme weather events associated with climate change have impacted our operations by delaying the installation of our systems, and in some cases, directly damaging our systems, leading to increased expenses and decreased revenue and cash flows. Continued increases in similar types of extreme weather events may harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Previous wording
While interest rates have been at long-term historic lows during large parts of our operating history, they have increased in recent years, and may continue to increase in the future. Rising interest rates, including the historic increases starting in 2021, have resulted and may continue to result in a decrease in our advance rates, reducing the proceeds we receive from certain investment funds. Because our financing structure is sensitive to volatility in interest rates, higher rates increase our cost of capital and decrease the amount of capital available to us to finance the deployment of new solar energy systems. Additionally, we have selectively increased pricing in many markets in prior years in response to higher interest rates, and may do so in the future, which may impact the overall attractiveness of our offerings to potential new customers. Our future success depends on our ability to raise capital from fund investors and obtain secured lending to help finance the deployment of our solar service offerings. Part of our business strategy is to seek to reduce our cost of capital through such financing arrangements to improve our margins, offset reductions in government incentives and maintain the price competitiveness of our solar service offerings. Rising base interest rates or credit spreads, which have been, and may continue to be, worsened by inflation, an economic recession, or other variables, may have an adverse impact on our ability to offer attractive pricing on our solar service offerings to customers, which could negatively impact sales of our solar energy offerings and our cash flows. Because we typically enter into interest rate swaps shortly after the installation of a system, we are subject to higher interest rate risk between customer pricing through system installation, which may cause volatility to our cash flows.
Current wording
While interest rates have been at long-term historic lows during large parts of our operating history, they have generally increased since 2022, and may stabilize or continue to increase in the future. Higher interest rates reduce our advance rates, and correspond to a reduction in the proceeds we receive from certain investment funds. Because our financing structure is sensitive to volatility in interest rates, higher rates increase our cost of capital and decrease the amount of capital available to us to finance the deployment of new energy systems. Our project-level debt facilities have historically been refinanced every five to seven years. If future prevailing interest rates are higher than the rates on our existing debt, our ability to effectively refinance our debt may be adversely impacted and we may face additional interest expense and reduced borrowing capacity, which would negatively impact our liquidity and financial performance. Additionally, we have selectively increased pricing in many markets in prior years in response to higher interest rates, and may do so in the future, which may impact the overall attractiveness of our offerings to potential new customers. Our future success depends on our ability to raise capital from fund investors and obtain secured lending to help finance the deployment of our solar service offerings. Part of our business strategy is to seek to reduce our cost of capital through such financing arrangements to improve our margins, offset reductions in government incentives and maintain the price competitiveness of our solar service offerings. Rising base interest rates or credit spreads, which have been, and may continue to be, worsened by inflation, an economic recession, or other variables, may have an adverse impact on our ability to offer attractive pricing on our solar service offerings to customers, which could negatively impact sales of our solar energy offerings and our cash flows. Because we typically enter into interest rate swaps shortly after the installation of a system, we are subject to higher interest rate risk between customer pricing through system installation, which may cause volatility to our cash flows.
Previous wording
Our investors in our tax equity investment funds typically advance capital to us based on, among other things, production capacity estimates. The models we use to calculate prepayments in connection with certain of our tax equity investment funds are updated at a fixed date occurring after placement in service of all applicable solar energy systems or an agreed upon date (typically within the first year of the applicable term) to reflect certain specified conditions, as they exist at such date including the ultimate system size of the equipment that was sold or leased to the tax equity investment fund, the cost thereof, and the date the equipment went into service. In some cases, these true-up models also incorporate any changes in law, which would include any reduction in rates (and thus any reduction in the benefits of depreciation). As a result of this true-up, applicable payments are resized, and we may be obligated to refund a portion of the tax equity investor’s prepayments or to contribute additional assets to the tax equity investment fund. In addition, certain of our tax equity fund investors have the right to require us to purchase their interests in the tax equity investment funds after a set period of time, generally at a price equal to the greater of a set purchase price or fair market value of the interests at the time of the repurchase. Any significant refunds, capital contributions, or purchases that we may be required to make could adversely affect our liquidity or financial condition.
Current wording
Our investors in our tax equity investment funds typically advance capital to us based on, among other things, production capacity estimates. The models we use to calculate prepayments in connection with certain of our tax equity investment funds are updated at a fixed date occurring after placement in service of all applicable energy systems or an agreed upon date (typically within the first year of the applicable term) to reflect certain specified conditions, as they exist at such date including the ultimate system size of the equipment that was sold or leased to the tax equity investment fund, the cost thereof, and the date the equipment went into service. In some cases, these true-up models also incorporate any changes in law, which would include any reduction in rates (and thus any reduction in the benefits of depreciation). As a result of this true-up, applicable payments are resized, and we may be obligated to refund a portion of the tax equity investor’s prepayments or to contribute additional assets to the tax equity investment fund. In addition, certain of our tax equity fund investors have the right to require us to purchase their interests in the tax equity investment funds after a set period of time, generally at a price equal to the greater of a set purchase price or fair market value of the interests at the time of the repurchase. Any significant refunds, capital contributions, or purchases that we may be required to make could adversely affect our liquidity or financial condition.
Previous wording
The third-party ownership structure, which we bring to market through our solar service offerings, continues to be the predominant form of system ownership in the residential solar market in many states. However, with the development of new loan financing products, we have seen a modest shift from leasing and PPAs to outright purchases of the solar energy system by the customer (i.e., a customer purchases the solar energy system outright instead of leasing the system or buying power from us). Continued increases in third-party loan financing products and outright purchases could result in the demand for long-term Customer Agreements to decline, which would require us to shift our product focus to respond to the market trend and could have an adverse effect on our business. The majority of our customers have historically chosen our solar service offerings as opposed to buying a solar energy system outright. Our financial model is impacted by the volume of customers who choose our solar service offerings, and an increase in the number of customers who choose to purchase solar energy systems (whether for cash or through third-party financing) may harm our business and financial results.
Current wording
The third-party ownership structure, which we bring to market through our solar service offerings, continues to be the predominant form of system ownership in the residential solar market in many states. However, with the development of new loan financing products, we have seen a modest shift from leasing and PPAs to outright purchases of the energy system by the customer (i.e., a customer purchases the energy system outright instead of leasing the system or buying power from us). Continued increases in third-party loan financing products and outright purchases could result in the demand for long-term Customer Agreements to decline, which would require us to shift our product focus to respond to the market trend and could have an adverse effect on our business. The majority of our customers have historically chosen our solar service offerings as opposed to buying an energy system outright. Our financial model is impacted by the volume of customers who choose our solar service offerings, and an increase in the number of customers who choose to purchase energy systems (whether for cash or through third-party financing) may harm our business and financial results.
Previous wording
We have substantial amounts of debt, including our convertible senior notes (“Notes”), our credit facility and the non-recourse debt facilities entered into by our subsidiaries, as discussed in more detail in the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements, in each case, included in this periodic report. Our ability to make scheduled payments of the principal of, to pay interest on or to refinance our indebtedness depends on our future performance, which is subject to economic, financial, competitive, and other factors beyond our control. Our business may not continue to generate cash flow from operations in the future sufficient to service our debt and make necessary capital expenditures to operate our business. If we are unable to generate such cash flow, we may be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as selling assets, restructuring debt or obtaining additional equity capital on terms that may be onerous or highly dilutive. Our ability to timely repay or otherwise refinance our indebtedness will depend on the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. We may not be able to engage in any of these activities or engage in these activities on desirable terms, which could result in a default on our debt obligations and negatively impact our financial condition and prospects.
Current wording
We have substantial amounts of debt, including our convertible senior notes (“Notes”), our credit facilities and the non-recourse debt facilities entered into by our subsidiaries, as discussed in more detail in the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements, in each case, included in this periodic report. Our ability to make scheduled payments of the principal of, to pay interest on or to refinance our indebtedness depends on our future performance, which is subject to economic, financial, competitive, and other factors beyond our control. Our business may not continue to generate cash flow from operations in the future sufficient to service our debt and make necessary capital expenditures to operate our business. If we are unable to generate such cash flow, we may be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as selling assets, restructuring debt or obtaining additional equity capital on terms that may be onerous or highly dilutive. Our ability to timely repay or otherwise refinance our indebtedness will depend on the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. We may not be able to engage in any of these activities or engage in these activities on desirable terms, which could result in a default on our debt obligations and negatively impact our financial condition and prospects.
Previous wording
Our failure to repurchase Notes at a time when the repurchase is required by the indenture governing such Notes or to pay any cash payable on future conversions of the Notes as required by the indenture would constitute a default. A default under the indenture or the fundamental change itself could also lead to a default under agreements governing our existing or future indebtedness. If the repayment of the related indebtedness were to be accelerated after any applicable notice or grace periods, we may not have sufficient funds to repay the indebtedness and repurchase the Notes or make cash payments upon conversions thereof.
Current wording
Our failure to repurchase Notes at a time when the repurchase is required by the indenture governing such Notes or to pay any cash payable on future conversions of the Notes as required by the indenture would constitute a default. A default under the indenture or the fundamental change itself could also lead to a default under agreements governing our existing or future indebtedness. If the repayment of the related indebtedness were to be accelerated after any applicable notice or grace periods, we may not have sufficient funds to repay the indebtedness and repurchase the Notes or make cash payments upon conversions thereof. We repaid the convertible senior notes due in 2026 on February 2, 2026.
Previous wording
In connection with our issuance of the convertible senior notes due 2026 in January 2021 and the convertible senior notes due 2030 in February 2024, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (the “Capped Call transactions”) with certain financial institutions (the “Option Counterparties”). The Option Counterparties are financial institutions or affiliates of financial institutions, and we will be subject to the risk that one or more of such Option Counterparties may default under the Capped Call transactions. Our exposure to the credit risk of the Option Counterparties will not be secured by any collateral. If any option counterparty becomes subject to bankruptcy or other insolvency proceedings, with respect to such option counterparty’s obligations under the relevant Capped Call transaction, we will become an unsecured creditor in those proceedings with a claim equal to our exposure at that time under such transaction. Our exposure will depend on many factors but, generally, an increase in our exposure will be positively correlated to an increase in our common stock market price and in the volatility of the market price of our common stock. In addition, upon a default by any of the Option Counterparties, we may suffer adverse tax consequences and dilution with respect to our common stock. We can provide no assurance as to the financial stability or viability of any of the Option Counterparties.
Current wording
In connection with our issuance of the convertible senior notes due 2026 in January 2021 and the convertible senior notes due 2030 in February 2024, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (the “Capped Call transactions”) with certain financial institutions (the “Option Counterparties”). The Option Counterparties are financial institutions or affiliates of financial institutions, and we will be subject to the risk that one or more of such Option Counterparties may default under the Capped Call transactions. Our exposure to the credit risk of the Option Counterparties will not be secured by any collateral. If any option counterparty becomes subject to bankruptcy or other insolvency proceedings, with respect to such option counterparty’s obligations under the relevant Capped Call transaction, we will become an unsecured creditor in those proceedings with a claim equal to our exposure at that time under such transaction. Our exposure will depend on many factors but, generally, an increase in our exposure will be positively correlated to an increase in our common stock market price and in the volatility of the market price of our common stock. In addition, upon a default by any of the Option Counterparties, we may suffer adverse tax consequences and dilution with respect to our common stock. We can provide no assurance as to the financial stability or viability of any of the Option Counterparties. The 2026 Capped Calls expired on January 29, 2026.
Previous wording
At the federal level, tax policy and associated regulations have a direct impact on our business. The most notable recent tax legislation affecting our business is the OBBB signed into law on July 4, 2025. The new law adjusts federal energy tax policies that we rely upon, including the Section 48E Clean Electricity Investment Credit and its associated “bonus” credits. For example, while the law maintains the Section 48E credit for energy storage through 2033, it shortens the availability of the 48E credit for solar facilities to the end of 2027. The law also applies new PFE restrictions to the Section 48E credit, which could potentially deny tax credits to entities owned, controlled, or influenced by certain specified foreign entities, and for projects that use certain components or receive “material assistance” from certain entities, thereby potentially increasing costs, reducing demand or restricting access to tax credits. The law ends the customer-claimed Section 25D Residential Clean Energy Credit starting in 2026. Changes in the law to the Section 45X Advanced Manufacturing Production Credit could also affect us indirectly, through our suppliers. The implementation of the law through the federal regulatory process could also directly affect our business.
Current wording
Solar facilities which begin construction after July 4, 2026 must be placed in service by the end of 2027. The law also applies new PFE restrictions to the Section 48E credit, which could potentially deny tax credits to entities owned, controlled, or influenced by certain specified foreign entities, and for facilities that use certain components or receive “material assistance” from a PFE, thereby potentially increasing costs, reducing demand or restricting access to tax credits. The law ends the customer-claimed 25D Residential Clean Energy Credit starting in 2026. Changes in the law to the Section 45X Advanced Manufacturing Production Credit could also affect us indirectly, through our suppliers. The implementation of the law through the federal regulatory process could also directly affect our business.
Previous wording
Some states, including our largest market of California, have moved away from the traditional retail NEM credit structure of paying the full retail rate for exported electricity, and instead, such states have chosen to value excess generation by customers’ solar systems in different ways. Arizona moved to a declining export rate in 2016, and Nevada similarly transitioned to a step-down export credit over time starting in 2017. Hawaii transitioned from retail NEM in 2016 and developed programs that utilize values from rooftop solar paired with batteries to support grid needs. At the end of 2024, Illinois transitioned from traditional retail NEM to a Smart Solar Billing tariff, which includes an upfront distribution system payment paired with a time-varying export rate, which maintained customer value by utilizing solar paired with batteries. On Oct 30, 2025, Illinois passed legislation that stabilizes values for the upfront distribution system payment and the available storage rebate. In 2024, the Fiscal Oversight and Management Board of Puerto Rico filed a lawsuit that would require the Puerto Rico Energy Board to review and determine the future of NEM, which could revise or reverse Puerto Rico’s Act 10, which had unanimously extended NEM through 2031. The lawsuit is still ongoing. Most recently, the Public Utilities Commission of Nevada issued an order that transitioned net metering on a monthly basis to net metering on a 15-minute basis in the Sierra Pacific Power Company territory, which negatively impacted the value proposition of rooftop solar for new customers. Additionally, some states like New Jersey and Maryland have established caps or thresholds that will trigger regulatory review of net metering policies in the coming years.
Current wording
Some states, including our largest market of California, have moved away from the traditional retail NEM credit structure of paying the full retail rate for exported electricity, and instead, such states have chosen to value excess generation by customers’ solar systems in different ways. Arizona moved to a declining export rate in 2016, and Nevada similarly transitioned to a step-down export credit over time starting in 2017. Hawaii transitioned from retail NEM in 2016 and developed programs that utilize values from rooftop solar paired with batteries to support grid needs. At the end of 2024, Illinois transitioned from traditional retail NEM to a Smart Solar Billing tariff, which includes an upfront distribution system payment paired with a time-varying export rate, which maintained customer value by utilizing solar paired with batteries. In 2024, the Fiscal Oversight and Management Board of Puerto Rico filed a lawsuit that would require the Puerto Rico Energy Board to review and determine the future of NEM, which could revise or reverse Puerto Rico’s Act 10, which had unanimously extended NEM through 2031. The lawsuit is still ongoing. Additionally, some states like New Jersey have established caps or thresholds that could trigger regulatory review of net metering policies in the coming years. Maryland recently passed legislation requiring an analysis of solar and storage rate designs to evaluate if and when to transition from retail net metering.
Previous wording
Most notably, in 2023, California moved to a net billing tariff (NBT) structure in which exported electricity is no longer valued at the retail rate and is instead valued by the state’s “avoided cost” annual calculations. The California Public Utilities Commission in its final decision also rejected a solar-specific fixed charge and rejected the creation of new non-bypassable charges, minimum bills, and grid participation charges for solar and solar plus storage customers.
Current wording
In 2023, California moved to a net billing tariff (NBT) structure in which exported electricity is no longer valued at the retail rate and is instead valued by the state’s “avoided cost” annual calculations. The California Public Utilities Commission in its final decision also rejected a solar-specific fixed charge and rejected the creation of new non-bypassable charges, minimum bills, and grid participation charges for solar and solar plus storage customers.
Previous wording
In 2024 the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) approved a fixed charge of $24.15/month for most residential customers, not just solar customers, of the three major investor-owned utility territories, with no change in existing income-tiers, which was considerably smaller than originally proposed by utilities The decision added a smaller fixed monthly charge of $6/month and $12/month, respectively, for the two-tiers of existing low-income customers.
Current wording
In 2024 the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) approved a fixed charge of $24.15/month for most residential customers, not just solar customers, of the three major investor-owned utility territories, with no change in existing income tiers. The decision added a smaller fixed monthly charge of $6/month and $12/month, respectively, for the two-tiers of existing low-income customers.
Previous wording
Under the new California NBT framework, storage paired with solar has a heightened value proposition to customers, and we have seen an increased demand for our solar plus storage offerings, thereby increasing the importance of procuring a variety of battery storage products and potentially accentuating supply chain risks related to battery storage systems. The new NBT framework may also result in the introduction of new product offerings and pricing structures by our competitors throughout the solar and utilities industries. This may also result in increased competition and uncertainty regarding the demand for such new products and offerings, which may adversely impact our business and results of operations. Existing customers utilizing net metering under NEM1 or NEM2 billing regimes have also been routinely protected. Most recently in 2025, legislation was introduced (AB942) which would have retroactively eliminated net metering billing contracts for existing customers. However, the California legislature approved a version of the bill that protects existing customers from any retroactive changes.
Current wording
Under the new California NBT framework, storage paired with solar has a heightened value proposition to customers. The NBT framework may also result in the introduction of new product offerings and pricing structures by our competitors throughout the solar and utilities industries. This may also result in increased competition and uncertainty regarding the demand for such new products and offerings, which may adversely impact our business and results of operations. Existing customers utilizing net metering under NEM1 or NEM2 billing regimes have had their energy systems' value routinely protected. Most recently in 2025, legislation was introduced (AB942) which would have retroactively impacted existing customers’ rights to legacy net metering tariffs. However, the California legislature removed the substantive provisions of the bill and it was held in committee in 2025.
Previous wording
Federal, state, and local government statutes and regulations concerning electricity heavily influence the market for our solar service offerings and are constantly evolving. These statutes, regulations, and administrative rulings relate to electricity pricing, net metering, consumer protection, incentives, taxation, competition with utilities and the interconnection of home solar energy and battery systems to the electrical grid. These statutes and regulations are constantly evolving. Governments, often acting through state utility or public service commissions, change and adopt different rates for residential customers on a regular basis and these changes can have a negative impact on our ability to deliver savings, or energy bill management, to customers.
Current wording
Federal, state, and local government statutes and regulations concerning electricity heavily influence the market for our solar service offerings and are constantly evolving. These statutes, regulations, and administrative rulings relate to electricity pricing, net metering, consumer protection, compensation payments, taxation, interconnection to the grid, and competition with utilities. These statutes and regulations are constantly evolving. Governments, often acting through state utility or public service commissions, change and adopt different rates for residential customers on a regular basis and these changes can have a negative impact on our ability to deliver savings, or energy bill management, to customers.
Previous wording
In addition, many utilities, their trade associations, and fossil fuel interests in the country, which have significantly greater economic, technical, operational, and political resources than the residential solar industry, are currently challenging solar-related policies, which may have the effect of reducing the competitiveness of residential solar energy. Any adverse changes in solar-related policies could have a negative impact on our business and prospects.
Current wording
In addition, many utilities, their trade associations, and fossil fuel interests in the country, which have significantly greater economic, technical, operational, and political resources than the residential solar and storage industry, can challenge solar-related policies, which may have the effect of reducing the competitiveness of residential solar energy. Any adverse changes in solar-related policies could have a negative impact on our business and prospects.
Previous wording
Regulations and policies related to rate design could deter potential customers from purchasing our solar service offerings, reduce the value of the electricity our systems produce, and reduce any savings that our customers could realize from our solar service offerings.
Current wording
Regulations and policies related to rate design could deter potential customers from purchasing our solar and storage service offerings, reduce the value of the electricity our systems produce, and reduce any savings that our customers could realize from our solar service offerings.
Previous wording
All states regulate investor-owned utility retail electricity pricing. In addition, there are numerous publicly owned utilities and electric cooperatives that establish their own retail electricity pricing through some form of regulation or internal process. These regulations and policies could deter potential customers from purchasing our solar service offerings. For example, some utilities in states such as Arizona and Utah have sought and secured rate design changes that reduce the credit for residential solar exports to below the retail rate and impose new charges for rooftop solar customers. Utilities in additional states may follow suit. Such rate changes can include changing rates to charge lower volume-based rates—the rates charged for kilowatt hours of electricity purchased by a residential customer—while raising unavoidable fixed charges and levying charges on homeowners based on their point of maximum demand during a month (referred to as “demand charge”). These forms of rate design could adversely impact our business by reducing the value of the electricity our solar energy systems produce, and reducing any savings customers realize by purchasing our solar and battery service offerings. Most recently, in September 2025, the Public Utilities Commission of Nevada approved a daily demand charge for all residential customers in Nevada Power service territory, scheduled to begin on April 1, 2026, which would negatively impact the value of home solar and storage. This charge is currently being challenged with stakeholders seeking a motion for reconsideration. These proposals could be replicated in other states. In addition to changes in general rates charged to all residential customers, utilities sometimes have proposed solar-specific charges (which may be fixed charges, capacity-based charges, or other rate charges). Any of these changes could materially reduce the demand for our offerings and could limit the number of markets in which our offerings are competitive with electricity provided by the utilities.
Current wording
All states regulate investor-owned utility retail electricity pricing. In addition, there are numerous publicly owned utilities and electric cooperatives that establish their own retail electricity pricing through some form of regulation or internal process. These regulations and policies could deter potential customers from purchasing our solar service offerings. For example, some utilities in states such as Arizona have sought and secured rate design changes that reduce the credit for residential solar exports to below the retail rate and impose new charges for rooftop solar customers. Utilities in additional states may follow suit. Such rate changes can include changing rates to charge lower volume-based rates — the rates charged for kilowatt hours of electricity purchased by a residential customer—while raising unavoidable fixed charges and levying charges on homeowners based on their point of maximum demand during a month (referred to as “demand charge”). These forms of rate design could adversely impact our business by reducing the value of the electricity our energy systems produce, and reducing any savings customers realize by purchasing our solar and battery service offerings. In September 2025, the Public Utilities Commission of Nevada initially approved a daily demand charge for all residential customers in Nevada Power service territory, which could negatively impact the value of home solar and storage. While originally set to begin on
Previous wording
Our Customer Agreements are third-party ownership arrangements. Sales of electricity by third parties face regulatory challenges in some states and jurisdictions. These challenges pertain to issues such as whether third-party-owned systems qualify for the same rebates, tax exemptions or other non-tax incentives available for homeowner-owned solar energy systems, whether third-party-owned systems are eligible at all for these incentives, whether our Customer Agreements are properly characterized as leases or PPAs, and whether third-party-owned systems are eligible for net metering and the associated significant cost savings. Texas and Connecticut clarified through legislation that third-party-owned residential solar systems would be treated the same as customer-owned systems, and would qualify for the existing residential solar property tax exemption. Additionally, Virginia passed legislation in 2024 that clarified leased systems are allowed. Adverse regulatory treatment of third-party ownership arrangements could reduce demand for our solar and battery service offerings, adversely impact our access to capital and cause us to increase the price we charge customers for energy.
Current wording
Our Customer Agreements are third-party ownership arrangements. Sales of electricity by third parties face regulatory challenges in some states and jurisdictions. These challenges pertain to issues such as whether third-party-owned systems qualify for the same rebates, tax exemptions or other non-tax incentives available for homeowner-owned energy systems, whether third-party-owned systems are eligible at all for these incentives, whether our Customer Agreements are properly characterized as leases or PPAs, and whether third-party-owned systems are eligible for net metering and the associated significant cost savings. Texas and Connecticut clarified through legislation that third-party-owned residential solar systems would be treated the same as customer-owned systems, and would qualify for the existing residential solar property tax exemption. Additionally, Virginia passed legislation in 2024 that clarified leased systems are allowed, and then expanded clarification in 2026 to allow for PPAs. Adverse regulatory treatment of third-party ownership arrangements could reduce demand for our solar and battery service offerings, adversely impact our access to capital and cause us to increase the price we charge customers for energy.
Previous wording
Interconnection rules establish the circumstances in which rooftop solar and batteries will be connected to the electricity grid. Interconnection limits or circuit-level caps imposed by regulators or utilities may curb our growth in key markets. Utilities throughout the country have different rules and regulations regarding interconnection and some utilities cap or limit the amount of solar energy that can be interconnected to the grid. Our systems do not provide power to customers until they are interconnected to the grid, and some relevant laws and regulations in certain markets may considerably slow the timing or increase costs of interconnection, which may in turn impact the system production and our business and sales results.
Current wording
Interconnection rules establish the circumstances in which rooftop solar and batteries will be connected to the electricity grid. Interconnection limits or circuit-level caps imposed by regulators or utilities may curb our growth in key markets. Utilities throughout the country have different rules and regulations regarding interconnection and some utilities cap or limit the amount of solar energy that can be interconnected to the grid. Currently, our systems do not provide power to customers until they are interconnected to the grid, and some relevant laws and regulations in certain markets may considerably slow the timing or increase costs of interconnection, which may in turn impact the system production and our business and sales results.
Previous wording
Interconnection regulations are based on claims from utilities regarding the amount of solar energy that can be connected to the grid without causing grid reliability issues or requiring significant grid upgrades. Interconnection limits could slow our future installations, harming our growth rate and customer satisfaction scores. Additionally, the California, Illinois, and Hawaii public utilities commissions require the activation of some advanced inverter functionality to head off presumed grid reliability issues, which may require more oversight of the operation of the solar energy systems over time, but may also help ensure circuits remain open or interconnection costs remain low. We expect utility requirements to incorporate these advanced functions provided by the IEEE 1547-2018/UL-1741 SB inverters and that they will become more commonplace. Additional states are expected to adopt the usage of advanced inverters to align with California’s anticipated requirement that all new systems use inverters certified to the new UL 1741 SB standard. This requirement became effective in March 2023. All of our vendors are certified to this standard.
Current wording
Interconnection regulations are based on claims from utilities regarding the amount of solar energy that can be connected to the grid without causing grid reliability issues or requiring significant grid upgrades. Interconnection limits could slow our future installations, harming our growth rate and customer satisfaction scores. Additionally, the California, Illinois, Puerto Rico, and Hawaii public utilities commissions require the activation of some advanced inverter functionality to head off presumed grid reliability issues, which may require more oversight of the operation of the energy systems over time, but may also help ensure circuits remain open or interconnection costs remain low. We expect utility requirements to incorporate these advanced functions provided by the IEEE 1547-2018/UL-1741 SB inverters and that they will become more commonplace. Additional states are expected to adopt the usage of advanced inverters to align with California’s anticipated requirement that all new systems use inverters certified to the new UL 1741 SB standard. This requirement became effective in March 2023. All of our vendors are certified to this standard.
Previous wording
Our growth depends in part on the success of our relationships with third parties, including our solar partners.
Current wording
Our growth depends in part on the success of our relationships with third parties.
Previous wording
A key component of our growth strategy is to develop or expand our relationships with third parties. For example, we are investing resources in establishing strategic relationships with market players across a variety of industries, including large retailers, to generate new customers. These programs may not roll out as quickly as planned or produce the results we anticipated. A significant portion of our business depends on attracting and retaining new and existing solar partners. Negotiating relationships with our solar partners, investing in due diligence efforts with potential solar partners, training such third parties and contractors, and monitoring them for compliance with our standards require significant time and resources and may present greater risks and challenges than expanding a direct sales or installation team. If we are unsuccessful in establishing or maintaining our relationships with these third parties, our ability to grow our business and address our market opportunity could be impaired. Even if we are able to establish and maintain these relationships, we may not be able to execute on our goal of leveraging these relationships to meaningfully expand our business, brand recognition and customer base. This would limit our growth potential and our opportunities to generate significant additional revenue or cash flows.
Current wording
A key component of our growth strategy is to develop or expand our relationships with third parties. For example, we are investing resources in establishing strategic relationships with market players across a variety of industries, including large retailers, to generate new customers. These programs may not roll out as quickly as planned or produce the results we anticipated. A significant portion of our business depends on attracting and retaining new and existing partners. Negotiating relationships with third parties, investing in due diligence efforts with potential third parties, training such third parties and contractors, and monitoring them for compliance with our standards require significant time and resources and may present greater risks and challenges than expanding a direct sales or installation team. If our partners fail to perform their obligations or meet our standards, we may need to find other ways to meet their obligations to customers or find replacement partners, which could lead to increased costs, operational delays, and a diversion of management attention. Additionally, if partners breach their contractual obligations or encounter financial difficulties, we may not be able to recover amounts owed to us, which could negatively impact our financial condition and operating results. If we are unsuccessful in establishing or maintaining our relationships with these third parties, our ability to grow our business and address our market opportunity could be impaired. Even if we are able to establish and maintain these relationships, we may not be able to execute on our goal of leveraging these relationships to meaningfully expand our business, brand recognition and customer base. This would limit our growth potential and our opportunities to generate significant additional revenue or cash flows.
Previous wording
We and our solar partners depend on a limited number of suppliers of solar panels, batteries, and other system components to adequately meet anticipated demand for our solar service offerings. Any shortage, bottlenecks, delay, detentions, or component price change from these suppliers, or the acquisition of any of these suppliers by a competitor, could result in sales and installation delays, cancellations, and loss of market share.
Current wording
We and our partners depend on a limited number of suppliers of solar panels, batteries, and other system components to adequately meet anticipated demand for our solar and storage service offerings. Any shortage, bottlenecks, delay, detentions, or component price change from these suppliers, or the acquisition of any of these suppliers by a competitor, could result in sales and installation delays, cancellations, and loss of market share.
Previous wording
We and our solar partners purchase solar panels, inverters, batteries, and other system components from a limited number of suppliers, making us susceptible to quality issues, shortages, bottlenecks, regulatory risks, and price changes. If we or our solar partners fail to develop, maintain and expand our relationships with these or other suppliers, we may be unable to adequately meet anticipated demand for our solar service offerings, or we may only be able to offer our systems at higher costs or after delays. If one or more of the suppliers that we or our solar partners rely upon to meet anticipated demand ceases or reduces production, we may be unable to quickly identify alternate suppliers or to qualify alternative products on commercially reasonable terms, and we may be unable to satisfy this demand.
Current wording
We and our energy system partners purchase solar panels, inverters, batteries, and other system components from a limited number of suppliers, making us susceptible to quality issues, shortages, bottlenecks, regulatory risks, trade regulations and tariffs and price changes. If we or our energy system partners fail to develop, maintain and expand our relationships with these or other suppliers, we may be unable to adequately meet anticipated demand for our solar service offerings, or we may only be able to offer our systems at higher costs or after delays. If one or more of the suppliers that we or our energy system partners rely upon to meet anticipated demand ceases or reduces production, we may be unable to quickly identify alternate suppliers or to qualify alternative products on commercially reasonable terms, and we may be unable to satisfy this demand.
Previous wording
The acquisition of a supplier by one of our competitors could also limit our access to such components and require significant redesigns of our solar energy systems or installation procedures and have a material adverse effect on our business.
Current wording
The acquisition of a supplier by one of our competitors could also limit our access to such components and require significant redesigns of our energy systems or installation procedures and have a material adverse effect on our business.
Previous wording
In particular, there is a limited number of suppliers of inverters, which are components that convert electricity generated by solar panels into electricity that can be used to power the home. For example, once we design a system for use with a particular inverter, if that type of inverter is not readily available at an anticipated price, we may incur delays and additional expenses to redesign the system. Further, the inverters on our solar energy systems generally carry only ten-year warranties. If there is an inverter equipment shortage in a year when a substantial number of inverters on our systems need to be replaced, we may not be able to replace the inverters to maintain proper system functioning or may be forced to do so at higher than anticipated prices, either of which would adversely impact our business.
Current wording
In particular, there is a limited number of suppliers of inverters, which are components that convert electricity generated by solar panels into electricity that can be used to power the home. For example, once we design a system for use with a particular inverter, if that type of inverter is not readily available at an anticipated price, we may incur delays and additional expenses to redesign the system. Further, the inverters on our energy systems generally carry only ten-year warranties. If there is an inverter equipment shortage in a year when a substantial number of inverters on our systems need to be replaced, we may not be able to replace the inverters to maintain proper system functioning or may be forced to do so at higher than anticipated prices, either of which would adversely impact our business.
Previous wording
Human rights issues in foreign countries and the U.S. government response to them could also disrupt our supply chain and operations. In particular, the WRO issued by the CBP on June 24, 2021 applicable to certain silica-based products manufactured in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China, and any other allegations regarding forced labor in China and U.S. trade regulations to prohibit the importation of any goods derived from forced labor, could affect our operations. Further, the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act that President Biden signed into law on December 23, 2021, which took effect on June 21, 2022, has affected, and may continue to affect, our supply chain and operations. Intensive examinations, withhold release orders, and related governmental procedures have resulted in supply chain and operational delays throughout the industry, and we have implemented policies and procedures to maintain compliance and minimize delays. These and other similar trade restrictions that may be imposed in the future could cause delivery and installation delays, and restrict the global supply of polysilicon and solar products. This, coupled with the passage of the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the "IRA"), could result in near-term demand for available solar energy systems despite higher costs, as well as increased costs of polysilicon and the overall cost of solar energy systems, potentially reducing overall demand for our products and services.
Current wording
Human rights issues in foreign countries and the U.S. government response to them could also disrupt our supply chain and operations. In particular, the WRO issued by the CBP on June 24, 2021 applicable to certain silica-based products manufactured in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China, and any other allegations regarding forced labor in China and U.S. trade regulations to prohibit the importation of any goods derived from forced labor, could affect our operations. Further, the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act that President Biden signed into law on December 23, 2021, which took effect on June 21, 2022, has affected, and may continue to affect, our supply chain and operations. Intensive examinations, withhold release orders, and related governmental procedures have resulted in supply chain and operational delays throughout the industry, and we have implemented policies and procedures to maintain compliance and minimize delays. These and other similar trade restrictions that may be imposed in the future could cause delivery and installation delays, and restrict the global supply of polysilicon and solar products. This, coupled with the passage of the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the "IRA") and OBBB, could result in near-term demand for available energy systems despite higher costs, as well as increased costs of polysilicon and the overall cost of energy systems, potentially reducing overall demand for our products and services.
Previous wording
In addition, our supply chain and operations (or those of our partners) could be subject to events beyond our control, such as earthquakes, wildfires, flooding, hurricanes, tsunamis, typhoons, volcanic eruptions, droughts, tornadoes, the effects of climate change and related extreme weather, public health issues and pandemics, war, terrorism, government restrictions or limitations on trade, and geo-political unrest and uncertainties, such as Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and the current armed conflict in Israel and the Gaza Strip. We currently do not, and do not plan to in the future, source any products, materials, components, parts, or services directly from providers in these regions. As a result, we do not anticipate any material impacts to our supply chain directly arising from these conflicts at this time.
Current wording
In addition, our supply chain and operations (or those of our partners) could be subject to events beyond our control, such as earthquakes, wildfires, flooding, hurricanes, tsunamis, typhoons, volcanic eruptions, droughts, tornadoes, the effects of climate change and related extreme weather, public health issues and pandemics, war, terrorism, government restrictions or limitations on trade, and geo-political unrest and uncertainties, including global conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East. We currently do not, and do not plan to in the future, source any products, materials, components, parts, or services directly from providers in these regions. As a result, we do not anticipate any material impacts to our supply chain directly arising from these conflicts at this time.
Previous wording
We are a licensed contractor in certain communities that we service, and we are ultimately responsible as the contracting party for every solar energy system installation. We may be liable, either directly or through our solar partners, to customers for any damage we cause to them, their home, belongings, or property during the installation of our systems. For example, we, either directly or through our solar partners, frequently penetrate customers’ roofs during the installation process and may incur liability for the failure to adequately weatherproof such penetrations following the completion of construction. In addition, because the solar energy systems we or our solar partners deploy are high voltage energy systems, we may incur liability for any failure to comply with electrical standards and manufacturer recommendations.
Current wording
We are a licensed contractor in certain communities that we service, and we are ultimately responsible as the contracting party for every energy system installation. We may be liable, either directly or through our energy system partners, to customers for any damage we cause to them, their home, belongings, or property during the installation of our systems. For example, we, either directly or through our energy system partners, frequently penetrate customers’ roofs during the installation process and may incur liability for the failure to adequately weatherproof such penetrations following the completion of construction. In addition, because the energy systems we or our energy system partners deploy are high voltage energy systems, we may incur liability for any failure to comply with electrical standards and manufacturer recommendations.
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Rearranged current paragraphs (2)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
At the federal level, tax policy and associated regulations have a direct impact on our business. The most notable recent tax legislation affecting our business is the OBBB signed into law on July 4, 2025. The new law adjusts federal energy tax policies that we rely upon, including the 48E Clean Electricity Investment Credit and its associated “bonus” credits. For example, while the law maintains the 48E credit for energy storage that begins construction by the end of 2033, it shortens the availability of the 48E credit for solar facilities by requiring construction to begin by July 4, 2026 to maintain the four-year continuity safe-harbor to place a project in service.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
April 1, 2026, the Public Utilities Commission of Nevada delayed implementation to January 1, 2027, and this charge is currently being challenged in court. These proposals could be replicated in other states. In addition to changes in general rates charged to all residential customers, utilities sometimes have proposed solar-specific charges (which may be fixed charges, capacity-based charges, or other rate charges). Any of these changes could materially reduce the demand for our offerings and could limit the number of markets in which our offerings are competitive with electricity provided by the utilities.