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Groupon, Inc.

For the period ended Dec 31, 2025. Filed Mar 10, 2026.

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About this filing

A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.

FY2025 · Filed Mar 10, 2026

GRPN$15.49-0.6%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026

What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?

Read the current filing

Previous report: 10-K

Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-03-11.

0001490281-25-000005

Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Current report: 10-K

Period ended 2025-12-31; filed 2026-03-10.

0001628280-26-016429

Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.

Compared 133 previous paragraphs and 131 current paragraphs.

68 unchanged; 48 reworded; 13 added; 17 removed; 0 previous and 2 current paragraphs rearranged.

Tables are not compared: 15 previous and 15 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.

A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.

Added paragraphs (13)

Current report

•Cost of revenue consists of direct and certain indirect costs incurred to generate revenue. Costs incurred to generate revenue, which include credit card processing fees, editorial costs, compensation expense for technology support personnel who are responsible for maintaining the infrastructure of our websites, amortization of internal-use software relating to customer-facing applications, web hosting and other processing fees are attributed to the cost of service.

Current report

International revenue and gross profit decreased by $3.9 million and $5.3 million, respectively, while cost of revenue increased by $1.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared with the prior year period. The decline in the Local category was mainly due to the divestiture of Giftcloud and, to a lesser extent, our withdrawal from the Italian market in mid-2024. Excluding Giftcloud and Italy, International Local revenue increased 6%. The decline in our Goods category is primarily attributable to our overall de-emphasis of the Goods category. Revenue and gross profit had favorable impacts of $4.3 million and $3.9 million, respectively, from year-over-year changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The increase in cost of revenue was primarily due to higher credit card processing fees. This was driven by growth in international units excluding Giftcloud, which had no credit card processing fees.

Current report

Gain on sale of business increased for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared with the prior year period due to a gain from the sale of Giftcloud in 2025. See Item 8, Note 3, Business Dispositions, for additional information.

Current report

Restructuring and related charges (credits) decreased for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared with the prior year period, primarily due to substantially all costs pertaining to the various restructuring plans having been incurred as of the year ended December 31, 2024. See Item 8, Note 14, Restructuring and Related Charges, for additional information.

Current report

The change in Other income (expense), net for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared with the prior year period is primarily related to a $67.3 million increase in foreign currency gains (losses) which primarily resulted from U.S. dollar-denominated intercompany balances with our foreign subsidiaries. The increase is primarily driven by the Euro appreciation against the U.S. dollar during the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the year ended December 31, 2024.

Current report

(3)Includes $6.0 million gain on sale related to proceeds received in the sale of the Company's minority investment in TodayTix. Refer to Item 8, Note 6, Investments, for additional information.

Current report

We are subject to claims for tax assessments by foreign jurisdictions. On August 5, 2025, Groupon S.r.l. and the Italian Tax Authority reached an agreement in principle to resolve the Italy 2012 and 2017 Assessments. On December 29, 2025, Groupon S.r.l. and the Italian tax authorities entered into a binding framework agreement that definitively resolved all outstanding tax disputes involving Groupon S.r.l.. Pursuant to the framework agreement, Groupon S.r.l. agreed to pay a total of approximately $25.3 million (€21.5 million), inclusive of amounts previously paid through installment plans of $10.4 million (€8.9 million) to resolve all disputes. Groupon S.r.l. paid a net amount of approximately $14.8 million (€12.6 million) in the fourth quarter of 2025 and an immaterial additional amount in the first quarter of 2026. Following these payments, the Company considers the matters covered by the Italian tax assessments to be effectively settled as of December 31, 2025. See Item 1, Note 15, Income Taxes, for additional information.

Current report

For the year ended December 31, 2025, our net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations was $64.5 million as compared with net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations of $55.9 million in the prior period. The improved cash flow from operating activities is primarily due to timing of merchant payments. Strategic supplier payments in late 2024 decreased merchant payable entering into 2025, resulting in a lower beginning merchant payable balance for the current period and improved cash flow over the comparable period. We resumed regular payment cycles during the year ended December 31, 2025. Further we have seen increased revenue and billings growth year-over-year.

Current report

For the year ended December 31, 2025, our net cash provided by investing activities from continuing operations was $6.4 million as compared with net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations of $6.8 million in the prior period. The improvement in investing cash flow is driven by $15.0 million of proceeds earned on the sale of Giftcloud and $6.0 million of proceeds from the sale of our minority investment in TodayTix in the current year, partially offset by $9.1 million of proceeds from the sale of certain intangible assets in the prior year.

Current report

On July 2, 2025, the Company issued$244.1 million aggregate principal amount of the 2030 Notes, consisting of (i)$20.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2030 Notes issued in exchange for$20.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Company’s outstanding 2026 Notes and (ii)$224.1 million aggregate principal amount of 2030 Notes issued in exchange for$150.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Company’s outstanding 2027 Notes with certain 2030 Notes Offering Participants.

Current report

The 2030 Notes are senior, unsecured obligations of the Company and accrue interest at a rate of 4.875% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on each June 30 and December 30, commencing December 30, 2025, and will mature on June 30, 2030, unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased.

Current report

Our ability to realize deferred tax assets depends on future taxable income, the reversal of taxable temporary differences, and feasible tax planning strategies. Given the Company’s recent history of U.S. taxable earnings, a future release of the U.S. valuation allowance could occur if we achieve sustained profitability in the U.S. The timing and amount of any release will depend on the weight of positive evidence relative to negative evidence, including recent results and likelihood of future utilization of attributes. A release would reduce income tax expense in the period of release and could materially affect our effective tax rate.
Removed paragraphs (17)

Previous report

Our strategy is to be the trusted marketplace where customers go to buy local services and experiences. We plan to grow our revenue by building long-term relationships with local merchants to strengthen our online selection and by enhancing the customer reach through experience curation and improved convenience in order to drive customer demand and purchase frequency.

Previous report

We are investing significant resources in making our platform more efficient, stable and agile. By improving our technology, our customer base can enjoy a modernized experience along with seamless execution of new product innovation, improved customer experience and customer satisfaction. Our platform migrations are strategic investments in our ability to innovate faster, serve merchants better, and create more engaging experiences for our customers.

Previous report

International revenue, cost of revenue and gross profit decreased by $18.5 million, $2.9 million and $15.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared with the prior year period. The Local category decrease was primarily attributable to the exit of our Local business in Italy and a decline in site traffic. The decline in our Goods and Travel categories were primarily attributable to an overall decline in site traffic. Revenue and gross profit had favorable impacts of $1.0 million and $0.9 million from year-over-year changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

Previous report

Marketing expense and marketing expense as a percentage of gross profit increased for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared with the prior year period, due to an increased investment in our North America performance marketing campaigns.

Previous report

Restructuring and related charges decreased for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared with the prior year period, primarily due to a decrease in severance and benefit costs related to our 2022 Restructuring Plan, partially offset by an increase in charges related to the Italy Restructuring Plan. See Item 8, Note 13, Restructuring and Related Charges, for additional information.

Previous report

The change in Other income (expense), net for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared with the prior year period is primarily related to a $40.3 million change in foreign currency gains and losses. This was partially offset by a remeasurement of our investment in SumUp of $25.8 million in the year ended December 31, 2023, with no comparable activity in the current year period. See Item 8, Note 5, Investments, for additional information.

Previous report

(2)Includes a settlement of $4.25 million related to our sublease to Uptake for the year ended December 31, 2023. Refer to Item 8, Note 9, Commitments and Contingencies and Item 8, Note 13, Restructuring and Related Charges, for additional information.

Previous report

(4)Includes $1.6 million related to a loss on extinguishment of exchanged debt in connection with the Exchange and Subscription Agreements for the year ended December 31, 2024. Refer to Item 8, Note 7, Financing Arrangements. Includes a $25.8 million remeasurement of our investment in SumUp during the year ended December 31, 2023. Refer to Item 8, Note 5, Investments, for additional information.

Previous report

We are subject to claims for tax assessments by foreign jurisdictions, including a proposed Assessment for $122.3 million (€117.5 million), inclusive of estimated incremental interest from the original Assessment. The subsidiary subject to the Assessment is Groupon S.r.l., one of the Company's Italian subsidiaries formerly with operations relating specifically to the local voucher business in Italy. In December 2024, Groupon S.r.l. received an unfavorable ruling at the second-level Tax Court. The Company continues to believe that the Assessment is without merit and Groupon S.r.l. intends to pursue a prompt appeal to the Italian Supreme Court. If Groupon S.r.l. loses that appeal, Groupon S.r.l. plans to further challenge the Assessment and seek relief in an international mutual agreement procedure that involves the tax authorities of Ireland and Italy.

Previous report

Under Italian tax court procedures, taxpayers are required to deposit “provisional payments” while tax appeals are pending, which are held in trust by tax authorities and returned to the taxpayer if the taxpayer prevails on the appeal. At present, Groupon S.r.l. would be required to deposit provisional amounts equal to two-thirds of the assessed amount. However, Groupon S.r.l. has sought and obtained approval of installment plans whereby the provisional payments may be deposited pro rata in monthly installments over seventy-two months. A third provisional amount (equal to the remaining third of the Assessment) would come due in October 2025. However, contemporaneous with its appeal to the Italian Supreme Court, Groupon S.r.l. intends to seek a full stay of the provisional payment obligations. Groupon S.r.l. expects a hearing on the possible stay of provisional payments to take place in the first half of 2025. If Groupon S.r.l. does not succeed in staying the provisional payment obligation, Groupon S.r.l. will consider its options, including making monthly installment payments up to the amount of its assets, or undertaking further restructuring actions. The payments due in 2025 under the terms of the installment plans total $13.7 million (€13.2 million). Such amounts are recorded as Other non-current assets within the Consolidated Balance Sheets when cash is remitted.

Previous report

The Company continues to expect that the Assessment will not result in financial exposure that exceeds the amounts disclosed in its Form 8-K, filed on April 15, 2024. We do not expect any related developments to impact the ability of the Company to meet its obligations outside of Groupon S.r.l. See Item 1, Note 14, Income Taxes, for additional information.

Previous report

For the year ended December 31, 2024, our net cash provided by operating activities was $55.9 million as compared with net cash used in operating activities of $78.0 million in the prior period. The improved cash flow from operating activities is primarily due to a reduction in headcount as a result of the impacts of our 2022 Restructuring Plan.

Previous report

For the year ended December 31, 2024, our net cash used in investing activities was $6.8 million as compared with net cash used in investing activities of $1.4 million in the prior period. The change is primarily driven by proceeds from the sale of SumUp of$18.9 million in the prior year period, with no comparable activity in the current year period, partially offset by $9.1 million of net proceeds from the sale intangible assets and fewer purchases of property and equipment and capitalized software during the year.

Previous report

In March 2023, we entered into the Fourth Amendment to the Credit Agreement, which reduced borrowing capacity under our senior secured revolving credit facility from $150.0 million to $75.0 million. In connection with the Fourth Amendment, we repaid $27.3 million of outstanding borrowings. Prior to entering into the Fourth Amendment, our access to the full capacity of our Credit Agreement was partially restricted and our liquidity impacted accordingly. Additionally, we have contracts in place with multiple payment processors, which give our payment processors in certain instances discretion to impose receivable holdbacks or reserve requirements based on changes to our business model or material changes in our financial condition. Any material increase in receivable holdbacks or reserve requirements could have a material impact on our cash flow and available liquidity.

Previous report

On November 7, 2023, the Board approved the Rights Offering to our stockholders of record of our Common Stock, as of the close of business on November 20, 2023. To be able to execute the Rights Offering, the Credit Agreement was amended.
Reworded paragraphs (48)

Previous wording

•Gross billings is the total dollar value of customer purchases of goods and services. Gross billings is presented net of customer refunds, order discounts and sales and related taxes. The substantial majority of our revenue transactions are comprised of sales of vouchers and similar transactions in which we collect the transaction price from the customer and remit a portion of the transaction price to the third-party merchant who will provide the related goods or services. For these transactions, gross billings differs from Revenue reported in our Consolidated Statements of Operations, which is presented net of the merchant's share of the transaction price. Gross billings is an indicator of our growth and business performance as it measures the dollar volume of transactions generated through our marketplaces. Tracking gross billings also allows us to monitor the percentage of gross billings that we are able to retain after payments to merchants. However, we are focused on achieving long-term gross profit and EBITDA growth.

Current wording

•Gross billings is the total dollar value of customer purchases of goods and services. Gross billings is presented net of customer refunds, order discounts and sales and related taxes. The substantial majority of our revenue transactions are comprised of sales of vouchers and similar transactions in which we collect the transaction price from the customer and remit a portion of the transaction price to the third-party merchant who will provide the related goods or services. For these transactions, gross billings differs from Revenue reported in our Consolidated Statements of Operations, which is presented net of the merchant's share of the transaction price. Gross billings is an indicator of our growth and business performance as it measures the dollar volume of transactions generated through our marketplaces. Tracking gross billings also allows us to monitor the percentage of gross billings that we are able to retain after payments to merchants.

Previous wording

•Units are the number of purchases during the reporting period, before refunds and cancellations, made either through one of our online marketplaces, a third-party marketplace, or directly with a merchant for which we earn a commission. We do not include purchases with retailers using digital coupons accessed through our websites or mobile applications in our units metric. We consider units to be an important indicator of the total volume of business conducted through our marketplaces. We report units on a gross basis prior to the consideration of customer refunds and therefore units are not always a good proxy for gross billings.

Current wording

•Units are the number of purchases during the reporting period, before refunds and cancellations, made either through one of our online marketplaces, a third-party marketplace, or directly with a merchant for which we earn a commission. We do not include purchases with retailers using digital coupons accessed through our websites or mobile applications in our units metric. We consider units to be an important indicator of the total volume of business conducted through our marketplaces.

Previous wording

•Active customers are unique user accounts that have made a purchase during the TTM either through one of our online marketplaces or directly with a merchant for which we earned a commission. We consider this metric to be an important indicator of our business performance as it helps us to understand how the number of customers actively purchasing our offerings is trending. Some customers could establish and make purchases from more than one account, so it is possible that our active customer metric may count certain customers more than once in a given period. We do not include consumers who solely make purchases with retailers using digital coupons accessed through our websites or mobile applications in our active customer metric, nor do we include consumers who solely make purchases of our inventory through third-party marketplaces with which we partner.

Current wording

•Active customers are unique user accounts, identified by a distinct email address, that have made a purchase during the TTM either through one of our online marketplaces or directly with a merchant for which we earned a commission. We consider this metric to be an important indicator of our business performance as it helps us to understand how the number of customers actively purchasing our offerings is trending. Some customers could establish and make purchases from more than one account, so it is possible that our active customer metric may count certain customers more than once in a given period. We do not include consumers who solely make purchases with retailers using digital coupons accessed through our websites or mobile applications in our active customer metric, nor do we include consumers who solely make purchases of our inventory through third-party marketplaces with which we partner.

Previous wording

•Revenueis earned through transactions which we generate commissions by selling goods or services on behalf of third-party merchants. Revenue from those transactions is reported on a net basis as the purchase price collected from the customer for the offering less an agreed upon portion of the purchase price paid to the third-party merchant. Revenue also includes commissions we earn when customers make purchases with retailers using digital coupons accessed through our digital properties.

Current wording

•Revenueis earned through transactions for which we generate commissions by selling goods or services on behalf of third-party merchants. Revenue from those transactions is reported on a net basis as the purchase price collected from the customer for the offering less an agreed upon portion of the purchase price paid to the third-party merchant. Revenue also includes commissions we earn when customers make purchases with retailers using digital coupons accessed through our digital properties.

Previous wording

•Contribution Profit is our measure of segment profitability, defined as net revenues less cost of sales and marketing expense. See Item 8, Note 18, Segment and Geographical Information, for additional information.

Current wording

•Contribution Profit measures the amount of marketing investment needed to generate revenue and is defined as net revenues less cost of sales and marketing expense. See Item 8, Note 19, Segment and Geographical Information, for additional information.

Previous wording

•Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure that we define as Net income (loss) excluding income taxes, interest and other non-operating items, depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation, and other special charges and credits, including items that are unusual in nature or infrequently occurring. For further information and a reconciliation to Net income (loss), refer to our discussion under Non-GAAP Financial Measures in the Results of Operations section.

Current wording

•Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure that we define as Net income (loss) from continuing operations excluding income taxes, interest and other non-operating items, depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation, and other special charges and credits, including items that are unusual in nature or infrequently occurring. For further information and a reconciliation to Net income (loss) from continuing operations, refer to our discussion under Non-GAAP Financial Measures in the Results of Operations section.

Previous wording

•Free cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure that comprises Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities from operations less purchases of property and equipment and capitalized software. For further information and a reconciliation to Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, refer to our discussion in the Liquidity and Capital Resources section.

Current wording

•Free cash flow is a non-GAAP liquidity measure that comprises net cash provided by (used in) operating activities from continuing operations less purchases of property and equipment and capitalized software. For further information and a reconciliation to Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities from continuing operations, refer to our discussion in the Liquidity and Capital Resources section.

Previous wording

•Marketing expense consists primarily of online marketing costs, such as search engine marketing, advertising on social networking sites and affiliate programs, and offline marketing costs, such as television. Additionally, compensation expense for marketing employees is classified within Marketing expense. We record these costs within Marketing on the Consolidated Statements of Operations when incurred. From time to time, we have offerings from well-known national merchants for customer acquisition and activation purposes, for which the amount we owe the merchant for each voucher sold exceeds the transaction price paid by the customer. Our gross billings from those transactions generate no revenue and our net cost (i.e., the excess of the amount owed to the merchant over the amount paid by the customer) is classified as marketing expense. We evaluate marketing expense as a percentage of gross profit because it gives us an indication of how well our marketing spend is driving gross profit performance.

Current wording

Additionally, compensation expense for marketing employees is classified within Marketing expense. We record these costs within Marketing on the Consolidated Statements of Operations when incurred. From time to time, we have offerings from well-known national merchants for customer acquisition and activation purposes, for which the amount we owe the merchant for each voucher sold exceeds the transaction price paid by the customer. Our gross billings from those transactions generate no revenue and our net cost (i.e., the excess of the amount owed to the merchant over the amount paid by the customer) is classified as marketing expense. We evaluate marketing expense as a percentage of gross profit because it gives us an indication of how well our marketing spend is driving gross profit performance.

Previous wording

Attracting and retaining local merchants. As we focus on our local experiences marketplace, we depend on our ability to attract and retain merchants who are willing to offer their experiences on our platform. Merchants can withdraw their offerings from our marketplace at any time, and their willingness to continue offering services through our marketplace depends on the effectiveness of our marketplace offering. We are focused on improving our marketplace offering and merchant value proposition by exploring opportunities to better balance the needs of merchant partners, customers and Groupon.

Current wording

Attracting and retaining local merchants. As we focus on our local experiences marketplace, we depend on our ability to attract and retain merchants who are willing to offer their experiences on our platform. Merchants can withdraw their offerings from our marketplace at any time, and their willingness to continue offering services through our marketplace depends on the effectiveness of our marketplace offering. We continue to focus on improving our marketplace offering and merchant value proposition by exploring opportunities to better balance the needs of merchant partners, customers and Groupon.

Previous wording

Acquiring and retaining customers. To acquire and retain customers to drive higher volumes on our platform from new and existing customers, we are focused on strengthening our product offering, improving the attractiveness of our offerings, and enhancing the performance of our marketing campaigns.

Current wording

Acquiring and retaining customers. To acquire and retain customers to drive higher volumes on our platform from new and existing customers, we continue to focus on strengthening our product offerings, improving the attractiveness of our offerings, and enhancing the performance of our marketing campaigns.

Previous wording

Impact of macroeconomic conditions. We have been, and may continue to be, impacted by adverse consequences of the macroeconomic environment, including but not limited to, inflationary pressures, higher labor costs, tariff policy, labor shortages, supply chain challenges and changes in consumer and merchant behavior. To minimize the impact of macroeconomic conditions on our business, we are focusing on building long-term relationships with local merchants to enhance our inventory selection, improving the customer experience through inventory curation and expanding convenience in order to drive customer demand and purchase frequency.

Current wording

Impact of macroeconomic conditions. We have been, and may continue to be, impacted by adverse consequences of the macroeconomic environment, including but not limited to, inflationary pressures, higher labor costs, tariff and other trade policy, labor shortages, supply chain challenges and changes in consumer and merchant behavior. Judicial and executive developments relating to U.S. trade and tariff policies in February 2026 may further increase uncertainty regarding the scope, implementation and potential future direction of such measures, and further changes could occur. In addition, recent and potential future changes to trade and tariff policies may introduce increased pricing volatility and overall uncertainty into our operations. To minimize the impact of macroeconomic conditions on our business, and to create value for our merchants and customers, we are focusing on building long-term relationships with local merchants to enhance our inventory selection, improving the customer experience through inventory curation and expanding convenience in order to drive customer demand and purchase frequency.

Previous wording

North America gross billings and units decreased by $8.5 million and 1.2 million, while TTM active customers remained flat for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared with the prior year period. As a result of favorable refund rates and our supply transformation efforts, our Local category experienced growth in gross billings, active customers and units. The Local category growth is offset by a de-emphasis on our Goods category evidenced by a decrease of our Goods active customers that resulted in fewer unit sales and lower gross billings year over year.

Current wording

North America gross billings, units and TTM active customers increased by $121.4 million, 0.8 million and 0.8 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared with the prior year period. Our Local category experienced growth in gross billings and units driven by our continued execution of our hyperlocal marketplace strategy and increased marketing spend, with strength in our core local business supported by improved supply quality and effective category management. The Local category growth is partially offset by a de-emphasis on our Goods category evidenced by a decrease of our Goods active customers that resulted in fewer unit sales and lower gross billings year over year in the Goods category.

Previous wording

North America segment revenue, cost of revenue and gross profit for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

Current wording

North America segment revenue, cost of revenue and gross profit for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows (in thousands, except percentages):

Previous wording

North America revenue and cost of revenue decreased by $3.9 million and $13.1 million while gross profit increased by $9.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared with the prior year period. As a result of favorable refund rates and our supply transformation efforts, our Local category experienced revenue growth. The Local category growth is offset by a de-emphasis on our Goods category evidenced by a decrease of our Goods active customers that resulted in fewer unit sales and lower gross billings year over year. The decrease in cost of revenue is primarily due to a decrease in amortization of internally-developed software relating to customer-facing applications. Gross profit increased due to revenue remaining relatively flat and a decrease in cost of revenue.

Current wording

North America revenue and gross profit increased by $9.8 million, and $13.6 million, respectively, while cost of revenue decreased by $3.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared with the prior year period. Our Local revenue increased by 4.5%, lagging the rate of growth in gross billings as a result of promotional discounts and higher redemption rates. The decrease in cost of revenue is primarily due to a decrease in amortization of internally-developed software relating to customer-facing applications, which is a direct result of our cost savings initiatives. Gross profit increased due to an increase in revenue and decrease in cost of revenue. The decline in our Goods category is primarily attributable to our overall de-emphasis of the Goods category.

Previous wording

North America marketing and contribution profit for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

Current wording

North America marketing and contribution profit for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows (in thousands, except percentages):

Previous wording

North America marketing expense and marketing expense as a percentage of revenue increased for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared with the prior year period, primarily driven by an increased investment in our performance marketing campaigns.

Current wording

North America marketing expense increased for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared with the prior year period, primarily due to increased investment in our online marketing spend to drive customer acquisition and demand growth. Marketing expense as a percentage of revenue increased as revenue growth did not keep pace with our marketing investment as strong performance in paid channels was offset by headwinds in non-paid channels.

Previous wording

North America contribution profit decreased for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared with the prior year period, primarily due to an increase in marketing expense.

Current wording

North America contribution profit remained relatively flat for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared with the prior year period, as the increase in marketing expense was largely offset by the increase in gross profit.

Previous wording

International gross billings, units and TTM active customers decreased by $78.4 million, 3.5 million and 1.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared with the prior year period. The Local category decrease was primarily attributable to the exit of our Local business in Italy and a decline in site traffic. The decline in our Goods and Travel categories were primarily attributable to an overall decline in site traffic. In addition, there was a $3.4 million favorable impact on gross billings from year-over-year changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

Current wording

International gross billings and units decreased by $13.9 million and 0.6 million, respectively, while TTM active customers remained flat for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared with the prior year period. The decline in the Local category was mainly due to the divestiture of Giftcloud and, to a lesser extent, our withdrawal from the Italian market in mid-2024. Excluding Giftcloud and Italy, International Local gross billings increased 13%, driven by our continued execution of our hyperlocal marketplace strategy and increased marketing spend, with strength in our core local business supported by improved supply quality and effective category management. The decline in our Goods category is primarily attributable to our overall de-emphasis of the Goods category. In addition, there was a $15.3 million favorable impact on gross billings from year-over-year changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

Previous wording

International segment revenue, cost of revenue and gross profit for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

Current wording

International segment revenue, cost of revenue and gross profit for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows (in thousands, except percentages):

Previous wording

International marketing and contribution profit for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

Current wording

International marketing and contribution profit for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows (in thousands, except percentages):

Previous wording

International marketing expense and marketing expense as a percentage of revenue decreased for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period, primarily due to traffic declines and a lower investment in our online marketing spend.

Current wording

International marketing expense increased for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the prior year period, primarily due to increased investment in our online marketing spend to drive customer acquisition and demand growth. Marketing expense as a percentage of revenue increased as revenue growth did not keep pace with our marketing investment as strong performance in paid channels was offset by headwinds in non-paid channels.

Previous wording

International contribution profit decreased for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared with the prior year period, primarily due to a decrease in revenue.

Current wording

International contribution profit decreased for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared with the prior year period, primarily due to a decrease in gross profit and an increase in marketing.

Previous wording

Operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

Current wording

Operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows (in thousands, except percentages):

Previous wording

(1)The years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 include $26.6 million and $14.3 million of stock-based compensation expense and $17.0 million and $26.2 million of depreciation and amortization expense.

Current wording

(1)The years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 include$37.3 million and$26.6 million of stock-based compensation expense and$10.6 million and$17.0 million of depreciation and amortization expense.

Previous wording

SG&A and SG&A as a percentage of gross profit decreased for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared with the prior year period, primarily due to a decrease in cloud computing costs and a reduction in headcount as a result of our 2022 Restructuring Plan.

Current wording

SG&A and SG&A as a percentage of revenue decreased for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared with the prior year period, due to lower technology expenses, partially offset by higher payroll costs.

Previous wording

Gain on sale of assets increased for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared with the prior year period, primarily due to a gain from the sale of certain intangible assets. See Item 8, Note 4, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, for additional information.

Current wording

Gain on sale of assets decreased for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared with the prior year period, primarily due to a gain from the sale of certain intangible assets in 2024. See Item 8, Note 5, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, for additional information.

Previous wording

Other income (expense), net includes interest income, interest expense, gains and losses from changes in fair value of investments and foreign currency gains and losses, primarily resulting from intercompany balances with our subsidiaries that are denominated in foreign currencies.

Current wording

Other income (expense), net includes interest income, interest expense, gains and losses from changes in fair value of investments, gain on sale of investment, and foreign currency gains and losses, primarily resulting from intercompany balances with our subsidiaries that are denominated in foreign currencies.

Previous wording

Other income (expense), net for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows (dollars in thousands):

Current wording

Other income (expense), net for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was as follows (in thousands, except percentages):

Previous wording

Provision (benefit) for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows (dollars in thousands):

Current wording

Provision (benefit) for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was as follows (in thousands, except percentages):

Previous wording

The primary factors impacting the effective tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were the pretax losses incurred in jurisdictions that have valuation allowances against their net deferred tax assets. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we continue to maintain a full valuation allowance against all U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets. We expect that our consolidated effective tax rate in future periods may continue to differ significantly from the U.S. federal income tax rate as a result of our tax obligations in jurisdictions with profits and valuation allowances in jurisdictions with losses.

Current wording

The primary factors impacting the effective tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 were the pretax losses incurred in jurisdictions that have valuation allowances against their net deferred tax assets, including U.S. pre-tax losses due to a loss on extinguishment of debt and the tax settlement expense for the Italy 2012 and 2017 Assessments. For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, we continue to maintain a full valuation allowance against all U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets. We expect that our consolidated effective tax rate in future periods may continue to differ significantly from the U.S. federal income tax rate as a result of our tax obligations in jurisdictions with profits and valuation allowances in jurisdictions with losses.

Previous wording

In addition to financial results reported in accordance with GAAP, we have provided the following non-GAAP financial measures: Adjusted EBITDA, free cash flow and foreign currency exchange rate neutral operating results. Those non-GAAP financial measures are intended to aid investors in better understanding our current financial performance and prospects for the future as seen through the eyes of management. We believe that those non-GAAP financial measures facilitate comparisons with our historical results and with the results of peer companies who present similar measures (although other companies may define non-GAAP measures differently than we define them, even when similar terms are used to identify such measures). However, those non-GAAP financial measures are not intended to be a substitute for those reported in accordance with GAAP.

Current wording

In addition to financial results reported in accordance with GAAP, we have provided the following non-GAAP financial measures: Adjusted EBITDA, free cash flow and foreign currency exchange rate neutral operating results. Those non-GAAP financial measures, which are presented on a continuing operations basis, are intended to aid investors in better understanding our current financial performance and prospects for the future as seen through the eyes of management. We believe that those non-GAAP financial measures facilitate comparisons with our historical results and with the results of peer companies who present similar measures (although other companies may define non-GAAP measures differently than we define them, even when similar terms are used to identify such measures). However, those non-GAAP financial measures are not intended to be a substitute for those reported in accordance with GAAP.

Previous wording

Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP performance measure that we define as Net income (loss) excluding income taxes, interest and other non-operating items, depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation and other special charges and credits, including items that are unusual in nature or infrequently occurring. Our definition of Adjusted EBITDA may differ from similar measures used by other companies, even when similar terms are used to identify such measures. Adjusted EBITDA is a key measure used by our management and Board to evaluate operating performance, generate future operating plans and make strategic decisions. Accordingly, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our operating results in the same manner as our management and Board. However, Adjusted EBITDA is not intended to be a substitute for Net income (loss).

Current wording

Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP performance measure that we define as Net income (loss) from continuing operations excluding income taxes, interest and other non-operating items, depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation and other special charges and credits, including items that are unusual in nature or infrequently occurring. Our definition of Adjusted EBITDA may differ from similar measures used by other companies, even when similar terms are used to identify such measures. Adjusted EBITDA is a key measure used by our management and Board to evaluate operating performance, generate future operating plans and make strategic decisions. Accordingly, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our operating results in the same manner as our management and Board. However, Adjusted EBITDA is not intended to be a substitute for Net income (loss) from continuing operations.

Previous wording

We exclude stock-based compensation expense and depreciation and amortization because they are primarily non-cash in nature and we believe that non-GAAP financial measures excluding those items provide meaningful supplemental information about our operating performance and liquidity. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, special charges and credits included charges related to our Italy, 2022 and 2020 Restructuring Plans, gain on sale of assets and foreign VAT assessments. We exclude special charges and credits from Adjusted EBITDA because we believe that excluding those items provides meaningful supplemental information about our core operating performance and facilitates comparisons with our historical results. For the foreign VAT assessments, we also considered the fact that we ceased operations in Portugal in 2016 and it is not part of our ongoing business. We have not engaged in any revenue-generating or payroll-related activity in Portugal since ceasing those operations nor do we intend to engage in these activities in that jurisdiction in the future.

Current wording

We exclude stock-based compensation expense and depreciation and amortization because they are primarily non-cash in nature and we believe that non-GAAP financial measures excluding those items provide meaningful supplemental information about our operating performance and liquidity. For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, special charges and credits included charges related to our Italy Restructuring Plan, 2022 Restructuring Plan and 2020 Restructuring Plan, as well as gain on sale of assets, gain on sale of business, loss on extinguishment of debt and foreign VAT assessments. We exclude special charges and credits from Adjusted EBITDA because we believe that excluding those items provides meaningful supplemental information about our core operating performance and facilitates comparisons with our historical results. For the foreign VAT assessments, we also considered the fact that we ceased operations in Portugal in 2016 and it is not part of our ongoing business. We have not engaged in any revenue-generating or payroll-related activity in Portugal since ceasing those operations nor do we intend to engage in these activities in that jurisdiction in the future.

Previous wording

The following is a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to the most comparable GAAP financial measure, Net income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 (dollars in thousands):

Current wording

The following is a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to the most comparable GAAP financial measure, Net income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands):

Previous wording

(1)Stock-based compensation excludes expense related to the 2024 Executive PSUs that are required to be settled in cash. Refer to Item 8, Note 11, Compensation Arrangements, for additional information.

Current wording

(1)Stock-based compensation excludes expense related to the liability-classified 2024 Executive PSUs. Refer to Item 8, Note 12, Compensation Arrangements, for additional information.

Previous wording

(3)The Foreign VAT assessments adjustment excludes related interest expense of $1.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 as the interest expense is included within Other (income) expense, net. Refer to Item 8, Note 9, Commitments and Contingencies for additional information.

Current wording

(2)The Foreign VAT assessments adjustment excludes related interest expense of $1.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 as the interest expense is included within Other (income) expense, net. Refer to Item 8, Note 10, Commitments and Contingencies for additional information.

Previous wording

Free cash flow. Free cash flow is a non-GAAP liquidity measure that comprises net cash provided by operating activities less purchases of property and equipment and capitalized software. We use free cash flow to conduct and evaluate our business because, although it is similar to cash flow, we believe that it typically represents a more useful measure of cash flows because purchases of fixed assets, software developed for internal use and website development costs are necessary components of our ongoing operations. Free cash flow is not intended to represent the total increase or decrease in our cash balance for the applicable period.

Current wording

Free cash flow. Free cash flow is a non-GAAP liquidity measure that comprises Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities from continuing operations less purchases of property and equipment and capitalized software. We use free cash flow to conduct and evaluate our business because, although it is similar to Net cash provided by (used in) from continuing operations, we believe that it typically represents a more useful measure of cash flows because purchases of fixed assets, software developed for internal use and website development costs are necessary components of our ongoing operations. Free cash flow is not intended to represent the total increase or decrease in our cash balance for the applicable period.

Previous wording

Our principal source of liquidity is our cash balance totaling $228.8 million as of December 31, 2024. The Company's cash requirements are subject to change as business conditions warrant and opportunities arise. Additionally, with the Rights Offering, termination of our Credit Agreement in February 2024, and the Exchange and Subscription Agreements in November 2024, we believe that the Company has sufficient liquidity to support its overall ongoing operational needs within the next 12 months.

Current wording

Our principal source of liquidity is our cash balance totaling $296.1 million as of December 31, 2025. The Company's cash requirements are subject to change as business conditions warrant and opportunities arise. Additionally, with the execution of the Exchange and Subscription Agreements in November 2024 and Exchange Agreement in July 2025, we believe that the Company has sufficient liquidity to support its overall ongoing operational needs within the next 12 months, including the repayment of the remaining outstanding $33.7 million principal of the 2026 Notes upon maturity in March 2026.

Previous wording

Our net cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows (in thousands):

Current wording

Our net cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows (in thousands):

Previous wording

Free cash flow is a non-GAAP liquidity measure that comprises net cash provided by operating activities, less purchases of property and equipment and capitalized software. Our free cash flow for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 and reconciliations to the most comparable GAAP financial measure, Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, for those periods are as follows (in thousands):

Current wording

Free cash flow is a non-GAAP liquidity measure that comprises net cash provided by operating activities, less purchases of property and equipment and capitalized software. Our free cash flow for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 and reconciliations to the most comparable GAAP financial measure, Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities from continuing operations, for those periods are as follows (in thousands):

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Rearranged current paragraphs (2)

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

•Marketing expense consists primarily of online marketing costs, such as search engine marketing, advertising on social networking sites and affiliate programs, and offline marketing costs, such as television.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

The 2027 Notes bear interest at a rate of 6.25% per annum, payable semi-annually March 15 and September 15 of each year, and will mature March 15, 2027, subject to earlier repurchase or conversion.