BAXTER INTERNATIONAL INC
For the period ended Dec 31, 2024. Filed Feb 21, 2025.
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A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.
FY2024 · Filed Feb 21, 2025
BAX$25.79+0.5%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-K
Period ended 2023-12-31; filed 2024-02-08.
0001628280-24-003932
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-K
Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-02-21.
0001628280-25-007201
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 309 previous paragraphs and 293 current paragraphs.
148 unchanged; 107 reworded; 36 added; 51 removed; 3 previous and 2 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 15 previous and 13 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (36)
Current report
Sale of Kidney Care Business
Current report
On August 12, 2024, we entered into an Equity Purchase Agreement (EPA ) with certain affiliates of Carlyle Group Inc. (Carlyle) to sell our Kidney Care business, which will be known as Vantive. That business, which is comprised of our Kidney Care segment, provides chronic and acute dialysis therapies and services, including peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, continuous renal replacement therapies, and other organ support therapies. On January 31, 2025, we completed the sale of our Kidney Care business to Carlyle for an aggregate purchase price of $3.80 billion in cash, subject to certain closing cash, working capital and debt adjustments. After giving effect to certain adjustments, we received approximately $3.71 billion pre-tax cash proceeds at closing of the transaction with the net after tax proceeds currently estimated to be approximately $3.4 billion, subject to certain post-closing adjustments. As of February 21, 2025, we repaid $3.13 billion of short- and long-term indebtedness primarily with the net after-tax cash proceeds from the sale of our Kidney Care business, and we expect to use substantially all of the remaining net after-tax proceeds to continue to repay indebtedness through the second quarter of 2025.
Current report
We determined that our Kidney Care business met the criteria to be classified as held-for-sale in August 2024, and we also concluded that it met the conditions to be reported as a discontinued operation at that time. Accordingly, our Kidney Care business is reported in discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated financial systems, and our prior period results have been adjusted to reflect discontinued operations presentation. The fair value and carrying value of assets held for sale are evaluated each period and a loss on sale is recognized when the fair value less costs to sell are below the carrying value. There has been no loss on sale recognized for the period ending December 31, 2024. We will recognize a gain or loss upon disposition of the business depending on the carrying value at that date, including any tax impacts of the sale, which may be material.
Current report
See Notes 2 and 6 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.
Current report
See Notes 2 and 6 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.
Current report
Hurricane Helene
Current report
In September 2024, Hurricane Helene, which brought significant rain and extensive flooding to Western North Carolina, caused damage to certain of our assets at our North Cove facility in Marion, N.C. and disrupted operations at that facility. As we work to fully remediate the facility, we currently expect to incur an estimated $50 million of charges in the first quarter of 2025 primarily consisting of remediation costs, air freight (as we transfer product across our global network in the interest of increasing the availability of intravenous solutions for our customers) and other charges. See Note 1 for further discussion of insurance recoveries related to Hurricane Helene.
Current report
Medical Products & Therapies
Current report
Medical Product & Therapies segment net sales increased 4% for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the prior year period.
Current report
Infusion Therapies & Technologies net sales increased 4% for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the prior year period. Sales performance in 2024 primarily reflected growth in Infusion Systems as a result of sales of our Novum IQ large volume infusion and syringe pump in the U.S., and sales of Nutrition product offerings, which was attributable to both pricing initiatives and increased sales volume. In September 2024, Hurricane Helene, which brought significant rain and extensive flooding to Western North Carolina, caused damage to certain of our assets at our North Cove facility in Marion, N.C. and disrupted operations at that facility. This facility, which manufactures IV Solutions primarily for the U.S. market, was not fully operational for most of the fourth quarter. As a consequence, Hurricane Helene had an estimated $110 million adverse impact on sales, which offset price and underlying volume gains during the year.
Current report
Advanced Surgery net sales increased 5% for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the prior year period, driven by growth in hemostats and sealants and was primarily attributable to increased sales volume. Foreign currency exchange rates adversely impacted net sales by 1% for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the prior year period.
Current report
Medical Product & Therapies segment net sales increased 4% for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the prior year period.
Current report
Healthcare Systems & Technologies
Current report
Healthcare Systems & Technologies segment net sales decreased 2% for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the prior year period.
Current report
Care and Connectivity Solutions net sales increased 1% for the year ended December 31, 2024, driven by increased order volume associated with capital spending in the U.S. as compared to the prior year, partially offset by declines in care communication products driven by the shifting of installations to future periods and lower sales outside of the U.S.
Current report
Front Line Care net sales decreased 6% for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the prior year period, primarily driven by a backlog reduction in the prior year period which increased sales in the prior year, reduced demand in the primary care market, lower government orders, certain product exits and select supply constraints impacting product availability. These declines were partially offset by growth in our cardiology products.
Current report
Injectables and Anesthesia net sales increased 2% for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the prior year period, primarily due to growth in our U.S. specialty injectable products, driven by strong sales volume in our core portfolio and recent product launches, partially offset by declines for inhaled anesthetics. Foreign currency exchange rates adversely impacted net sales by 1% for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the prior year period.
Current report
Drug Compounding net sales increased 15% for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the prior year period, driven by increased demand for our international pharmacy compounding offerings, due in part, to customer capacity constraints that resulted in increased outsourcing of compounding activities.
Current report
6 Our results in 2024 included pre-tax net charges of $110 million related damages caused by Hurricane Helene. This amount consisted of $44 million related to the write-off of damaged inventory and fixed assets, as well as $317 million of remediation, idle facility, air freight and other costs, partially offset by $251 million of insurance recoveries. Refer to Note 1 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information.
Current report
8 Our results in 2024 included a goodwill impairment charge of $425 million related to the Front Line Care reporting unit within our Health Care Systems & Technologies segment. Our results in 2022 included goodwill impairment charges of $2.81 billion related to reporting units within our Health Care Systems & Technologies segment. Refer to Notes 3 and 5 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information regarding these goodwill impairments.
Current report
In connection with our annual goodwill impairment assessment in the fourth quarter of 2024, we recorded a $425 million goodwill impairment related to our Front Line Care reporting unit within our Healthcare Systems & Technologies segment. The reduction in value was primarily due to lower forecasted operating results and a lower terminal growth rate utilized in valuing this reporting unit which contributed to reduced expected future cash flows, as well as lower earnings multiples. The fair value of the Front Line Care reporting unit was determined based on a discounted cash flow model (an income approach) and earnings multiples (a market approach) based on the guideline public company method. Significant assumptions used in the determination of the fair values of our reporting units generally include revenue growth rates, forecasted earnings before income, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) margins, discount rates, terminal growth rates and earnings multiples. The discounted cash flow model used to determine the fair value of our Front Line Care reporting unit reflected our most recent cash flow projections, a discount rate of 9.5% and a terminal growth rate of 3.25%. Our reporting unit fair value measurements are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy because they involve significant unobservable inputs. As of December 31, 2024, the carrying amount of goodwill for our Front Line Care reporting unit was $1.99 billion. No goodwill impairments were recorded for our remaining reporting units in connection with our annual goodwill impairment tests because the fair values of those reporting units exceeded their carrying amounts. Refer to Note 5 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding this goodwill impairment charge.
Current report
For the year ended December 31, 2024, the difference between our effective income tax rate and the U.S. federal statutory rate was adversely impacted by a non-deductible impairment of goodwill, legislative changes under IRC Section 987 (which is the exchange gain or loss on foreign branch remittances in the U.S., effective in 2024), and a net revaluation of the Swiss basis step-up deferred tax asset and related valuation allowance that arose from Swiss tax reform legislation in 2019, partially offset by a favorable geographic earnings mix, a decrease in valuation allowance mainly related to U.S. foreign tax credit carryforward, and a tax benefit related to research and development tax credits.
Current report
The Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the G20 Inclusive Framework on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (the Inclusive Framework) has put forth two proposals—Pillar One and Pillar Two—that (i) revise the existing profit allocation and nexus rules and (ii) ensure a minimal level of taxation, respectively. On December 12, 2022, the EU member states agreed to implement the Inclusive Framework’s global corporate minimum tax rate of 15%, and various countries both within and outside the EU have enacted new laws implementing Pillar Two or have draft legislation proposed for adoption. The OECD continues to release additional guidance on the two-pillar framework, with widespread implementation occurring in 2024. The impact of the Pillar Two legislation on our income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $11 million. We are continuing to evaluate the potential impacts of the Inclusive Framework for 2025 and future years, pending legislative adoption by individual countries, which could result in further adverse impacts on our income tax expense and cash flows.
Current report
In August 2024, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell our Kidney Care business and its results have been presented as discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 in the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. On September 29, 2023, we completed the sale of our BPS business and its results have been presented as discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 are reported as discontinued operations in the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Current report
Medical Products & Therapies
Current report
Healthcare Systems & Technologies
Current report
In 2024, cash used in financing activities included debt repayments of $2.66 billion, dividend payments of $590 million, partially offset by proceeds from borrowings on our delayed draw term loan of $1.83 billion, an increase in commercial paper borrowings of $296 million, and proceeds from stock issued under employee benefit plans of $71 million.
Current report
On July 17, 2024, we entered into a credit agreement pursuant to which a group of banks provided us with senior unsecured term loans in an aggregate principal amount of up to $2.05 billion ("the bridge facility"). Borrowings under the bridge facility were available in up to three drawings to fund (a) the refinancing of our 1.322% Senior Notes due November 29, 2024, our Floating Rate Notes due November 29, 2024, and certain borrowings under our existing term loan facility and (b) payment of certain U.S. tax liabilities arising from internal reorganization transactions related to the sale of our Kidney Care business. Borrowings under the bridge facility bore interest at a rate based on our long-term debt ratings in effect from time to time and the interest rate on any borrowings outstanding beyond December 31, 2024 would increase by 0.25%. We also incurred a ticking fee on undrawn commitments at a rate based on our long-term debt ratings in effect from time to time. The banks' funding commitments under the bridge facility terminated on December 31, 2024. Outstanding borrowings under the bridge facility were scheduled to mature on the earlier of 364 days from the first funding date and November 24, 2025. Additionally, we were required to use the net cash proceeds from certain transactions (including from the sale of our Kidney Care business) to repay any outstanding borrowings under the bridge facility. The bridge facility contained financial and other covenants, including a net leverage covenant, and provided for customary events of default. In November 2024, we reduced the bridge facility capacity from $2.05 billion to $1.83 billion. Additionally, during the fourth quarter of 2024 we drew on the bridge facility to repay our 1.322% Senior Notes due November 29, 2024, our Floating Rate Notes due November 29, 2024 and the outstanding balance on our three-year term loan facility. There was $1.83 billion outstanding under this bridge facility as of December 31, 2024. In January 2025, we used a portion of the approximately $3.4 billion of net after-tax cash proceeds from the sale of our Kidney Care business to repay the $1.83 billion outstanding under the bridge facility, at which time it was terminated.
Current report
In May 2024, our contract with Fitch expired. In June 2024, Fitch affirmed and withdrew ratings and coverage on us. As a result they no longer maintain ratings on our senior debt or our short-term debt.
Current report
In connection with our annual goodwill impairment assessment in the fourth quarter of 2024, we recorded a $425 million goodwill impairment related to our Front Line Care reporting unit within our Healthcare Systems & Technologies segment. The reduction in value was primarily due to lower forecasted operating results and a lower terminal growth rate utilized in valuing this reporting unit which contributed to reduced expected future cash flows, as well as lower earnings multiples. The fair value of the Front Line Care reporting unit was determined based on a discounted cash flow model (an income approach) and earnings multiples (a market approach) based on the guideline public company method. Significant assumptions used in the determination of the fair values of our reporting units generally include revenue growth rates, forecasted EBITDA margins, discount rates, terminal growth rates and earnings multiples. The discounted cash flow model used to determine the fair value of our Front Line Care reporting unit reflected our most recent cash flow projections, a discount rate of 9.5% and a terminal growth rate of 3.25%. In order to evaluate the sensitivity of the fair value calculations used in the Front Line Care reporting unit goodwill impairment test, we applied a hypothetical 5% decrease to the fair value and compared that hypothetical value to the underlying asset carrying value. The application of a hypothetical 5% decrease in fair value would result in an additional impairment of approximately $200 million. As of December 31, 2024, the carrying amount of goodwill for our Front Line Care reporting unit was $1.99 billion. No goodwill impairments were recorded for our remaining reporting units in connection with our annual goodwill impairment tests because the fair values of those reporting units exceeded their carrying amounts.
Current report
In connection with our annual IPR&D impairment assessment in the fourth quarter of 2024, we recognized a pre-tax impairment charge of $50 million to reduce the carrying amount of an IPR&D asset to its fair value. The reduction in value was primarily due to lower forecasted revenues and margins which contributed to reduced expected future cash flows. The intangible asset impairment charge is classified within research and development expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2024. The fair value of the IPR&D asset was determined using the multi-period excess earnings method. Significant assumptions used in the determination of the fair value of the IPR&D asset included forecasted cash flows and the discount rate. The multi-period excess earnings model used in our determination of the fair value of the IPR&D asset reflected our most recent cash flow projections and a discount rate of 11%.
Current report
•our ability to achieve the intended benefits of our recent strategic actions, including the sale of our Kidney Care business, and cost saving initiatives;
Current report
•our ability to successfully integrate acquisitions, including the acquisition of Hillrom, and the related impact on our organization structure, senior leadership, culture, functional alignment, outsourcing and other areas, our management of resulting related personnel capacity constraints and potential institutional knowledge loss, and our ability to achieve anticipated performance or financial targets and maintain our reputation following integration;
Current report
•ability to effectively develop, integrate or deploy artificial intelligence, machine learning and other emerging technologies into our products, services and operations in a manner that is compliant with existing and emerging regulations;
Current report
•the impact of physical effects of climate change, severe storms (including Hurricane Helene) and storm-related events, including our ability to resume production at our North Cove facility to pre-hurricane levels and to complete the remediation;
Current report
•ability meet evolving and varied corporate responsibility expectations of our stakeholders, including compliance with new and emerging sustainability regulations;
Removed paragraphs (51)
Previous report
Proposed Separation of Kidney Care Business
Previous report
We are working to complete the proposed separation of our Kidney Care business in the interest of establishing an independent company focused on kidney care and organ support. While we continue to evaluate all strategic options in the interest of maximizing stockholder value, we continue to progress towards our current target of July 2024 for completion of the proposed spinoff of this business. In both 2023 and 2022 we generated $4.45 billion of combined net sales from our Kidney Care segment, representing approximately 30% and 31%, respectively, of our consolidated net sales. We intend for the proposed spinoff to qualify as tax-free to Baxter and our stockholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The proposed spinoff is subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions, including final approval from our Board of Directors, the filing and effectiveness of a registration statement on Form 10, receipt of an Internal Revenue Service (IRS) ruling or related tax opinions from counsel, satisfactory completion of financing arrangements, consultations with works councils and other employee representative bodies and any necessary regulatory approvals.
Previous report
There can be no guarantees that the proposed spinoff will be completed in the manner or over the timeframes described above, or at all.
Previous report
During 2024, we expect to continue to incur significant separation-related costs related to the proposed spinoff, which may adversely impact our earnings and operating cash flows.
Previous report
Our global operations expose us to risks associated with public health crises and epidemics/pandemics. COVID-19 had, and it or any other future public health crisis could in the future have an adverse impact on, among other things, our expenses, operations, supply chains and distribution systems. Over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, our business was impacted by shifting healthcare priorities and significant volatility in the demand for our products, and any resurgence of the pandemic or any new public health crisis could again impact healthcare priorities and cause volatility in the demand for our products.
Previous report
On December 13, 2021, we completed our acquisition of all outstanding equity interests of Hillrom for a purchase price of $10.48 billion. Including the assumption of Hillrom's outstanding debt obligations, the enterprise value of the transaction was $12.84 billion.
Previous report
Hillrom was a global medical technology leader whose products and services help enable earlier diagnosis and treatment, optimize surgical efficiency, and accelerate patient recovery while simplifying clinical communication and shifting care closer to home. Hillrom made those outcomes possible through digital and connected care solutions and collaboration tools, including smart bed systems, patient monitoring and diagnostic technologies, respiratory health devices, advanced equipment for the surgical space and more, delivering actionable, real-time insights at the point of care.
Previous report
PerClot
Previous report
On July 29, 2021, we acquired certain assets related to PerClot Polysaccharide Hemostatic System (PerClot), including distribution rights for the U.S. and specified territories outside of the U.S., from CryoLife, Inc. for an upfront purchase price of $25 million and the potential for additional cash consideration of up to $36 million, which had an acquisition-date fair value of $28 million, based upon regulatory and commercial milestones. PerClot is an absorbable powder hemostat indicated for use in surgical procedures, including cardiac, vascular, orthopedic, spinal, neurological, gynecological, ENT and trauma surgery as an adjunct hemostat when control of bleeding from capillary, venous, or arteriolar vessels by pressure, ligature, and other conventional means is either ineffective or impractical. Refer to Note 3 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding the acquisition of PerClot.
Previous report
Transderm Scop
Previous report
On March 31, 2021, we acquired the rights to Transderm Scop (TDS) for the U.S. and specified territories outside of the U.S. from subsidiaries of GlaxoSmithKline for an upfront purchase price of $60 million including the cost of acquired inventory and the potential for additional cash consideration of $30 million, which had an acquisition-date fair value of $24 million, based upon regulatory approval of a new contract manufacturer by a specified date. We previously sold this product under a distribution license to the U.S. institutional market. TDS is indicated for post-operative nausea and vomiting in the U.S. and motion sickness in European markets. Refer to Note 3 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding the acquisition of TDS.
Previous report
Caelyx and Doxil
Previous report
On February 17, 2021, we acquired the rights to Caelyx and Doxil, the branded versions of liposomal doxorubicin, from a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson for specified territories outside of the U.S for $325 million in cash. We previously acquired the U.S. rights to this product in 2019. Liposomal doxorubicin is a chemotherapy medicine used to treat various types of cancer. Refer to Note 3 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding the acquisition of Caelyx and Doxil.
Previous report
Medical Products and Therapies
Previous report
Medical Product and Therapies segment net sales increased 4% for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the prior year period.
Previous report
Medical Product and Therapies segment net sales remained flat for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the prior year period.
Previous report
Infusion Therapies and Technologies net sales decreased 1% for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the prior year period. Sales performance in 2022 reflected lower sales of infusion pumps, sales headwinds in China driven by COVID-related lockdowns and lower sales of vitamins resulting from ongoing supply constraints. Supply chain constraints, including constraints related to the availability of semiconductor components and other components used in the production of our infusion pumps, adversely impacted sales of infusion pumps. Those items were offset by increased demand for IV administration sets and solutions, reflecting a recovery in hospital administration rates and surgical procedures and lower growth in the U.S. for our parenteral nutrition therapies and related products, including multi-chamber bags. Foreign currency exchange rates adversely impacted net sales by 4% for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the prior year period.
Previous report
Advanced Surgery net sales increased 2% for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the prior year period, driven by a continued recovery in surgical procedures, particularly in Europe, and benefits from competitor supply constraints. Foreign currency exchange rates adversely impacted net sales by 6% for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the prior year period.
Previous report
Healthcare Systems and Technologies
Previous report
1 Sales growth at constant currency rates is a non-GAAP financial measure. See the section entitled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for further information.
Previous report
NM - Not Meaningful
Previous report
The Healthcare Systems and Technologies segment was added in connection with our acquisition of Hillrom in December 2021. Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2022 were adversely impacted by supply chain constraints, particularly related to components used in our Front Line Care product offerings, hospital budget constraints and delays in product installations for Care and Connectivity Solutions resulting from limitations on hospital access due, in part, to staffing challenges experienced by those customers. The net sales amounts for 2021 reflect sales over the 18-day period from the Hillrom acquisition date through year-end.
Previous report
Injectables and Anesthesia net sales decreased 6% for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the prior year period, primarily due to a 4% negative impact from foreign exchange rate changes as compared to the prior year period. Net sales were also adversely impacted by increased competition from new market entrants and supply constraints impacting the production of certain molecules. Those items were partially offset by increased international sales of inhaled anesthesia products.
Previous report
Drug Compounding net sales decreased 9% for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the prior year period, primarily driven by a 9% negative impact from foreign exchange rate changes.
Previous report
Kidney Care
Previous report
Our Kidney Care segment includes sales of products used in PD, HD, CRRT and other organ support therapies (OSTs).
Previous report
Kidney Care segment net sales were flat for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the prior year.
Previous report
Chronic Therapies net sales decreased 1% for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the prior year. Sales performance in the current year was primarily due to lower sales in China, driven by government-based procurement initiatives and the impact of COVID-19 on that country’s renal patient population, and the termination of distribution agreements in the U.S, offset by patient growth in PD, pricing initiatives and recent government tender awards in EMEA. Foreign currency exchange rates adversely impacted net sales by 1% for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the prior year period.
Previous report
Acute Therapies net sales increased 5% for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the prior year, driven by strong demand for our CRRT offerings. Sales growth in 2023 was adversely impacted by a comparison against a prior year period that included strong COVID-related demand for our CRRT offerings during the first quarter. Foreign currency exchange rates adversely impacted net sales by 1% for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the prior year period.
Previous report
1 Percent change in net sales at constant currency rates is a non-GAAP financial measure. See the section entitled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for further information.
Previous report
Kidney Care segment net sales decreased 5% for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the prior year.
Previous report
Chronic Therapies sales decreased 4% for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the prior year. The decrease in 2022 was driven by a 6% negative impact from foreign exchange rate changes and non-renewals of certain low margin customer contracts, particularly in Western Europe, partially offset by global patient growth and $28 million of incremental revenue from a customer that did not meet its contractual minimum purchase requirements.
Previous report
Acute Therapies net sales decreased 10% for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the prior year. The decrease in 2022 was driven by lower COVID-related demand for our CRRT product offerings and a 4% negative impact from foreign exchange rate changes, as compared to the prior year period.
Previous report
The increase for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the prior year period was primarily driven by increased contract manufacturing revenue and royalty income from a business development arrangement entered into in March 2022.
Previous report
6 Our results in 2023 and 2022 included $225 million and $7 million of separation-related costs, primarily reflecting costs of external advisors supporting our activities to prepare for the proposed spinoff of our Kidney Care segment. We also incurred $17 million and $5 million of additional separation-related costs in 2023 and 2022, respectively, related to the sale of our BPS business that are reported in discontinued operations and are not presented in the table above.
Previous report
8 Our results in 2021 included charges of $31 million for investigation and related costs for matters associated with our previously announced investigation of foreign exchange gains and losses. Refer to Note 8 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information regarding these charges.
Previous report
14 Our results in 2021 included a loss of $5 million on the early extinguishment of the $2.40 billion debt assumed as part of the Hillrom acquisition.
Previous report
For the year ended December 31, 2021, the difference between our effective income tax rate and the U.S. federal statutory rate was primarily attributable to favorable geographic earnings mix, a $50 million net tax benefit after related valuation allowances from notional interest deductions, a $58 million tax benefit related to a tax-deductible foreign statutory loss on an investment in a foreign subsidiary, a tax benefit related to a change in U.S. foreign tax credit regulations and excess tax benefits on stock compensation awards, partially offset by an unfavorable court decision in a foreign jurisdiction related to an uncertain tax position.
Previous report
Medical Products and Therapies
Previous report
Healthcare Systems and Technologies
Showing the first 40 of 51 passages. Open the source sections for the rest.
Reworded paragraphs (107)
Previous wording
Baxter International Inc. is a global medical technology with approximately 60,000 employees worldwide who are engaged in the development, manufacture and sale of a broad range of products, digital health solutions and therapies used by hospitals, kidney dialysis centers, nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, ambulatory surgery centers, doctors’ offices and patients at home under physician supervision. Our global footprint and the critical nature of our products and services, which are sold in over 100 countries as of December 31, 2023, play a key role in expanding access to healthcare in emerging and developed countries.
Current wording
Baxter International Inc. is a global medical technology with approximately 38,000 employees worldwide who are engaged in the development, manufacture and sale of a broad range of products, digital health solutions and therapies used by hospitals, nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, ambulatory surgery centers, doctors’ offices and patients at home under physician supervision. Our global footprint and the critical nature of our products and services, which are sold in over 100 countries as of December 31, 2024, after giving effect to the Kidney Care sale, play a key role in expanding access to healthcare in emerging and developed countries.
Previous wording
In mid-2022, our Board of Directors authorized a strategic review of our business portfolio, with the goal of increasing stockholder value. As part of that review process, we identified and evaluated a range of potential strategic actions, including opportunities for sales and other separation transactions. In January 2023, following the completion of that review, we announced the following planned strategic actions that are intended to enhance our operational effectiveness, accelerate innovation and drive additional stockholder value: (a) a proposed spinoff of our Kidney Care business into an independent publicly traded company focused on kidney care and organ support (the proposed spinoff), (b) our development of a new operating model to simplify our operations and better align our manufacturing and supply chain to our commercial activities and (c) our pursuit of strategic alternatives for our BioPharma Solutions (BPS) business.
Current wording
In mid-2022, our Board of Directors authorized a strategic review of our business portfolio, with the goal of increasing stockholder value. As part of that review process, we identified and evaluated a range of potential strategic actions, including opportunities for sales and other separation transactions. In January 2023, following the completion of that review, we announced a number of planned strategic actions, as discussed below, which are intended to enhance our operational effectiveness, accelerate innovation and drive additional stockholder value. We completed the last of these strategic actions on January 31, 2025 in connection with the sale of our Kidney Care business.
Previous wording
We incurred $225 million of pre-tax costs related to the proposed spin-off during 2023 and we expect to continue to incur significant separation-related costs in 2024. Additionally, we expect to incur dis-synergies following our completion of the proposed spinoff transaction due to the reduced size of our company and, as a result, we will need to undertake actions to ensure that our cost structure is appropriate to support our remaining businesses.
Current wording
We expect to incur dis-synergies following our sale of our Kidney Care business due to the reduced size of our company and, as a result, we have begun to undertake certain actions (and will need to undertake additional actions) to ensure that our cost structure is appropriate to support our remaining businesses.
Previous wording
Our reportable segments were previously comprised of the following geographic segments related to our legacy Baxter business: Americas (North and South America), EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa) and APAC (Asia Pacific), and a global segment for our Hillrom business. As discussed below under “Recent Strategic Actions,” in the third quarter of 2023, we completed the implementation of a new operating model intended to simplify and streamline our operations and better align our manufacturing and supply chain to our commercial activities. Under this new operating model, our business is comprised of four segments: Medical Products and Therapies, Healthcare Systems and Technologies (formerly referred to as our Hillrom segment), Pharmaceuticals and Kidney Care (which would become an independent publicly traded company following the completion of the proposed spinoff transaction). Our segment reporting was changed during the third quarter of 2023 to align with our new operating model and prior period segment disclosures have been revised to reflect the new segments.
Current wording
In the third quarter of 2023, we completed the implementation of a new operating model intended to simplify and streamline our operations and better align our manufacturing and supply chain to our commercial activities. Under this operating model, our business is currently comprised of three reportable segments: Medical Products & Therapies, Healthcare Systems & Technologies, and Pharmaceuticals. Our segments were changed during the third quarter of 2023 to align with our new operating model.
Previous wording
The Medical Products and Therapies segment includes sales of our sterile IV solutions, infusion systems, administration sets, parenteral nutrition therapies and surgical hemostat, sealant and adhesion prevention products. The Healthcare Systems and Technologies segment includes sales of our connected care solutions and collaboration tools, including smart bed systems, patient monitoring systems and diagnostic technologies, respiratory health devices and advanced equipment for the surgical space, including surgical video technologies, precision positioning devices and other accessories. The Pharmaceuticals segment includes sales of specialty injectable pharmaceuticals, inhaled anesthesia and drug compounding. The Kidney Care segment includes sales of chronic and acute dialysis therapies and services, including peritoneal dialysis (PD), hemodialysis (HD), continuous renal replacement therapies (CRRT) and other organ support therapies. Other sales not allocated to a segment primarily include sales of products and services provided directly through certain of our manufacturing facilities and royalty income under a business development arrangement that ended in early 2023 when we acquired the related product rights.
Current wording
The Medical Products & Therapies segment includes sales of our sterile IV solutions, infusion systems, administration sets, parenteral nutrition therapies and surgical hemostat, sealant and adhesion prevention products. The Healthcare Systems & Technologies segment includes sales of our connected care solutions and collaboration tools, including smart bed systems, patient monitoring systems and diagnostic technologies, respiratory health devices and advanced equipment for the surgical space, including surgical video technologies, precision positioning devices and other accessories. The Pharmaceuticals segment includes sales of specialty injectable pharmaceuticals, inhaled anesthetics and drug compounding services. Other sales not allocated to a segment primarily include sales of products and services provided directly through certain of our manufacturing facilities and royalty income under a business development arrangement that ended in early 2023 when we acquired the related product rights.
Previous wording
On September 29, 2023, we completed the sale of our BPS business and received cash proceeds of $3.96 billion from that transaction. The financial position, results of operations and cash flows of our BPS business, including the $2.88 billion pre-tax gain ($2.59 billion net of tax) from the sale of that business and the related cash proceeds received, are reported as discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. We intend to use substantially all of the after-tax proceeds from this transaction to repay certain of our debt obligations, including $514 million of commercial paper borrowings and $2.28 billion of long-term debt that we repaid during the fourth quarter of 2023.
Current wording
On September 29, 2023, we completed the sale of our BPS business and received cash proceeds of $3.96 billion from that transaction. The results of operations and cash flows of our BPS business, including the $2.88 billion pre-tax gain ($2.59 billion net of tax) from the sale of that business and the related cash proceeds received, are reported as discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. We used substantially all of the after-tax proceeds from this transaction to repay certain of our debt obligations, including $514 million of commercial paper borrowings and $2.28 billion of long-term debt that we repaid during the fourth quarter of 2023, as well as €750 million of senior notes that we repaid during the second quarter of 2024.
Previous wording
Our global net sales totaled $14.81 billion in 2023, an increase of 2% over 2022 on a reported basis and 3% on a constant currency basis. International sales totaled $7.81 billion in 2023, an increase of 3% compared to 2022 on a reported basis and 4% on a constant currency basis. Sales in the United States totaled $7.00 billion in 2023, an increase of 1% compared to 2022. Refer to the Net Sales discussion in the Results of Operations section below for more information related to changes in net sales on a constant currency basis.
Current wording
Our global net sales totaled $10.64 billion in 2024, an increase of 3% over 2023 on a reported basis and 3% on a constant currency basis. International sales totaled $4.79 billion in 2024, an increase of 5% compared to 2023 on a reported basis and 6% on a constant currency basis. Sales in the United States totaled $5.85 billion in 2024, an increase of 1% compared to 2023. Refer to the Net Sales discussion in the Results of Operations section below for more information related to changes in net sales on a constant currency basis.
Previous wording
Net income (loss) attributable to Baxter stockholders totaled $2.66 billion, or $5.25 per diluted share, in 2023. Net income (loss) attributable to Baxter stockholders in 2023 included special items which increased net income by $1.18 billion, or $2.33 per diluted share. See our special items subsection, in the Results of Operations section below, for information about special items for all periods present.
Current wording
Net income (loss) attributable to Baxter stockholders totaled $(649) million, or $(1.27) per diluted share, in 2024. Net income (loss) attributable to Baxter stockholders in 2024 included special items which adversely impacted net income (loss) by $2.13 billion, or $4.17 per diluted share. See our special items subsection, in the Results of Operations section below, for information about special items for all periods present.
Previous wording
Net income (loss) from continuing operations totaled $(69) million, or $(0.15) per diluted share, in 2023. Net income (loss) from continuing operations in 2023 included special items which adversely impacted our results by $1.40 billion, or $2.75 per diluted share.
Current wording
Net income (loss) from continuing operations totaled $(326) million, or $(0.64) per diluted share, in 2024. Net income (loss) from continuing operations in 2024 included special items which adversely impacted our results by $1.29 billion, or $2.53 per diluted share.
Previous wording
Our financial results included research and development (R&D) expenses totaling $667 million in 2023, which reflects our focus on balancing investments to support our new product pipeline with efforts to optimize overall R&D spending (including with respect to the maintenance of our portfolio).
Current wording
Our financial results included research and development (R&D) expenses totaling $590 million in 2024, which reflects our focus on balancing investments to support our new product pipeline with efforts to optimize overall R&D spending (including with respect to the maintenance of our portfolio).
Previous wording
While we continue to face continuing global macroeconomic challenges, our financial position remains strong, with operating cash flows from continuing operations totaling $1.70 billion in 2023. We have continued to execute on our disciplined capital allocation framework, as discussed in the "Business Strategy" section in Item 1. Business of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which is designed to optimize stockholder value creation through reinvestment in our businesses, dividends and share repurchases, as well as acquisitions and other business development initiatives and debt repayments, consistent with our previously stated commitment to achieve our net leverage targets.
Current wording
While have faced and may continue to face operational and global macroeconomic challenges, our financial position remains strong, with operating cash flows from continuing operations totaling $819 million in 2024. We have continued to execute on our disciplined capital allocation framework, as discussed in the "Business Strategy" section in Item 1. Business of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which is designed to optimize stockholder value creation through reinvestment in our businesses, dividends and share repurchases, as well as acquisitions and other business development initiatives and debt repayments, consistent with our previously stated commitment to achieve our net leverage targets.
Previous wording
Capital expenditures totaled $692 million in 2023 as we continue to invest across our businesses to support future growth, including additional investments in support of new and existing product capacity expansions. Our investments in capital expenditures in 2023 were focused on projects that improve production efficiency, enhance our quality systems and optimize manufacturing capabilities to support our business growth.
Current wording
Capital expenditures totaled $446 million in 2024 as we continued to invest across our businesses to support future growth, including additional investments in support of new and existing product capacity expansions. Our investments in capital expenditures in 2024 were focused on projects that improve production efficiency, enhance our quality systems and optimize manufacturing capabilities to support our business growth.
Previous wording
We also continued to return value to our stockholders. During 2023, we paid cash dividends to our stockholders totaling $586 million.
Current wording
We also continued to return value to our stockholders. During 2024, we paid cash dividends to our stockholders totaling $590 million.
Previous wording
We have experienced significant challenges to our global supply chain in recent periods, including production delays and interruptions, increased costs and shortages of raw materials and component parts (including resins and electromechanical devices) and higher transportation costs, resulting from the pandemic and other exogenous factors including significant weather events, elevated inflation levels, increased interest rates, disruptions to certain ports of call and access to shipping ports around the world, the war in Ukraine, the conflict in the Middle East (including recent attacks on merchant ships in the Red Sea), tensions between China and Taiwan and other geopolitical events. Due to the nature of our products, which include dense consumable medical products such as IV fluids, and the geographic locations of our manufacturing facilities, which often require us to transport our products long distances, we may be more susceptible to increases in freight costs and other supply chain challenges than certain of our industry peers. While we have seen some improvements in the availability of certain component parts and improved pricing in certain raw materials, these challenges have not completely subsided and may continue to have a negative impact on our supply chain in future periods. These challenges, including the unavailability of certain raw materials and component parts, have also had a negative impact on our sales for certain product categories (including those acquired in our December 2021 acquisition of Hill-Rom Holdings, Inc. (Hillrom)) due to our inability to fully satisfy demand and may continue to have a negative impact on our sales in the future.
Current wording
In recent years, we have experienced significant challenges to our global supply chain, including production delays and interruptions, increased costs and shortages of raw materials and component parts (including resins and electromechanical devices), higher transportation costs, adverse impacts from significant weather events (including Hurricane Helene and the flooding of our North Cove facility), elevated inflation levels and interest rates, disruptions to certain ports of call and access to shipping ports around the world, the war in Ukraine, the conflict in the Middle East, and other geopolitical events. While we have seen improvements in the availability of component parts and improved pricing in raw materials and on transportation costs, some of these challenges (including certain of those set forth above as we work to fully remediate our North Cove facility) are expected to have a negative impact on our results of operations in the future.
Previous wording
Our results of operations are also affected by macroeconomic conditions and levels of business confidence. The war in Ukraine, the conflict in the Middle East (including recent attacks on merchant ships in the Red Sea), tensions between China and Taiwan and the sanctions and other measures being imposed in response to these conflicts (and the potential for escalation of these conflicts) have increased the levels of economic and political uncertainty and we continue to closely monitor the developing situations. With respect to the war in Ukraine and our business in Russia, we have substantially completed our wind down efforts related to our business in Russia in a manner that we structured to be compliant with all applicable U.S. and European Union sanctions and regulations. While these countries do not constitute a material portion of our business, a significant escalation or expansion of economic disruption or the current scope of these conflicts could have an adverse effect on our business in the region.
Current wording
Our results of operations are also affected by macroeconomic conditions and levels of business confidence. The war in Ukraine, the conflict in the Middle East, other geopolitical events, the sanctions and other measures being imposed in response to these conflicts (and the potential for escalation of these conflicts), recently imposed or future quotas, duties or tariffs and any retaliatory counter measures, and recent political changes to trade policies, have increased the levels of economic and political uncertainty and we continue to closely monitor the developing situations. While we have substantially completed our wind down efforts related to our business in Russia, a significant escalation or expansion of economic disruption or the current scope of the war in Ukraine could have an adverse effect on our operations (including our supply chain) in the region.
Previous wording
The existence of high inflation rates in the United States and in many of the countries where we conduct business has resulted in, and may continue to result in, higher interest rates, shipping costs, labor costs and other costs and expenses. Additionally, adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates have increased our costs of sourcing certain raw materials in some jurisdictions. We have experienced and may continue to experience inflationary increases in manufacturing costs and operating expenses, and we may not be able to pass these cost increases on to our customers in a timely manner or at all, which could have a material adverse impact on our profitability and results of operations. Inflation and general macroeconomic factors have caused certain of our customers to reduce or delay orders for our products and services and could cause them to do so in the future, which could have a material adverse impact on our sales and results of operations.
Current wording
The existence of high inflation rates in the United States and in many of the countries where we conduct business has resulted in, and may in the future result in, higher interest rates, shipping costs, labor costs, and other costs and expenses. Additionally, adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates have increased, and could continue to increase, our costs of sourcing certain raw materials in some jurisdictions. We have experienced and may in the future experience inflationary increases in manufacturing costs and operating expenses and we may not be able to pass these cost increases on to our customers in a timely manner or at all, which could have a material adverse impact on our profitability and results of operations. Inflation and general macroeconomic factors have caused certain of our customers to reduce or delay orders for our products and services and could cause them to do so in the future, which could have a material adverse impact on our sales and results of operations.
Previous wording
As a medical products company, our operations and many of the products manufactured or sold by us are subject to extensive regulation by numerous government agencies, both within and outside the United States. These regulations, as described in "Government Regulation" in Item 1. Business of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, require that we obtain specific approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and non-U.S. regulatory authorities before we can market and sell most of our products in a particular country. Failure to obtain or maintain those approvals or clearances could have a material adverse impact on our business (including with respect to our ability to compete in the product markets in which we currently operate). Furthermore, FDA in the United States, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in Europe, the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) in China and other government agencies, inside and outside of the United States, administer requirements covering the testing, safety, effectiveness, manufacturing, labeling, promotion and advertising, distribution and post-market surveillance of our products. Our failure to comply with these requirements may subject us to various actions, including warning letters, product recalls or seizures, monetary sanctions, injunctions to halt the manufacture and distribution of products, civil or criminal sanctions, refusal of a government to grant approvals or licenses, restrictions on operations or withdrawal of existing approvals and licenses and may have a material adverse impact on our results of operations.
Current wording
As a medical products company, our operations and many of the products manufactured or sold by us are subject to extensive regulation by numerous government agencies, both within and outside the United States. These regulations (as described in Item 1, Government Regulation, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K) require that we obtain specific approval from FDA or applicable non-U.S. regulatory authorities before we can market and sell most of our products in a particular country. Failure to obtain or maintain those approvals or clearances (including temporary importation authorizations) could have a material adverse impact on our business (including with respect to our ability to compete in the product markets in which we currently operate). Furthermore, FDA in the United States, the EMA and MHRA in Europe, the NMPA in China, and other government agencies, inside and outside of the United States, administer requirements covering the testing, safety, effectiveness, manufacturing, labeling, promotion and advertising, pricing, distribution, and post-market surveillance of our products. Our failure to comply with these requirements may subject us to various actions, including warning letters, product recalls or seizures, monetary sanctions, injunctions to halt the manufacture and distribution of products, civil or criminal sanctions, refusal of a government to grant approvals or licenses, restrictions on operations or withdrawal of existing approvals and licenses, and may have a material adverse impact on our results of operations.
Previous wording
In 2023 and 2022 our Healthcare Systems and Technologies segment (formerly our Hillrom segment) generated net sales of $3.01 billion and $2.94 billion, respectively. During 2022, we also recognized $2.81 billion of goodwill impairments and $332 million of indefinite-lived intangible asset impairments related to goodwill and trade name intangible assets that arose from the Hillrom acquisition. See Notes 3, 5, 6 and 18 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information about the Hillrom acquisition, goodwill and intangible asset impairments, Hillrom acquisition financing arrangements and our Healthcare Systems and Technologies segment results, respectively.
Current wording
In 2021, we acquired Hillrom. In 2024, 2023 and 2022 our Healthcare Systems & Technologies segment (formerly referred to as our Hillrom segment) generated net sales of $2.95 billion, $3.01 billion, and $2.94 billion, respectively. During 2024, we recorded a $425 million goodwill impairment related to our Front Line Care reporting unit within our Healthcare Systems & Technologies segment. During 2022, we also recognized $2.81 billion of goodwill impairments and $332 million of indefinite-lived intangible asset impairments related to goodwill and trade name intangible assets that arose from the Hillrom acquisition. See Notes 3, 5 and 18 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information about the Hillrom acquisition, goodwill and intangible asset impairments, and our Healthcare Systems & Technologies segment results, respectively.
Previous wording
Foreign currency adversely impacted net sales by 1 percentage point during the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the prior year period, primarily due to the strengthening of the U.S. Dollar relative to the Turkish Lira, Chinese Renminbi, Australian Dollar, Japanese Yen and the Canadian Dollar, partially offset by the weakening of the U.S. Dollar relative to the Euro and Mexican Peso. Our acquisition of Hillrom in December 2021 favorably impacted net sales by 23 percentage points for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the prior year period. Foreign currency adversely impacted net sales by 5 percentage points during the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the prior year period, primarily due to the strengthening of the U.S. Dollar relative to the Euro, British Pound, Turkish Lira, Australian Dollar, Japanese Yen and Chinese Renminbi.
Current wording
As set forth above, foreign currency had no material impact on net sales during the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the prior year period, primarily due to the strengthening of the U.S. Dollar relative to the Turkish Lira, Japanese Yen, Brazilian Real, Mexican Peso, and the Canadian Dollar, offset by the weakening of the U.S. Dollar relative to the British Pound and Colombian Peso. Foreign currency had no material impact on net sales during the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the prior year period, primarily due to the strengthening of the U.S. Dollar relative to the Euro, Turkish Lira, Australian Dollar, Japanese Yen and Chinese Renminbi offset by the weakening of the U.S. Dollar relative to the Mexican Peso and Brazilian Real.
Previous wording
Our Medical Products and Therapies segment includes sales of our sterile IV solutions, infusion systems, administration sets, parenteral nutrition therapies and surgical hemostat, sealant and adhesion prevention products.
Current wording
Our Medical Products & Therapies segment includes sales of our sterile IV solutions, infusion systems, administration sets, parenteral nutrition therapies and surgical hemostat, sealant and adhesion prevention products.
Previous wording
Infusion Therapies and Technologies net sales increased 4% for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the prior year period. Sales performance in 2023 reflected strong demand for our infusion systems and administration sets, as well as growth in IV solutions and international nutrition compounding, partially offset by lower sales of parenteral nutrition products in the U.S. as compared with the prior year period.
Current wording
Infusion Therapies & Technologies net sales increased 4% for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the prior year period. Sales performance in 2023 reflected strong demand for our infusion systems and administration sets, as well as growth in IV solutions and international nutrition compounding, partially offset by lower sales of parenteral nutrition products in the U.S. as compared to the prior year.
Previous wording
Our Healthcare Systems and Technologies segment includes sales of our connected care solutions and collaboration tools, including smart bed systems, patient monitoring systems and diagnostic technologies, respiratory health devices and advanced equipment for the surgical space, including surgical video technologies, precision positioning devices and other accessories.
Current wording
Our Healthcare Systems & Technologies segment includes sales of our connected care solutions and collaboration tools, including smart bed systems, patient monitoring systems and diagnostic technologies, respiratory health devices and advanced equipment for the surgical space, including surgical video technologies, precision positioning devices and other accessories.
Previous wording
Healthcare Systems and Technologies segment net sales increased 3% for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the prior year period.
Current wording
Healthcare Systems & Technologies segment net sales increased 3% for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the prior year period.
Previous wording
Our Pharmaceuticals segment includes sales of specialty injectable pharmaceuticals, inhaled anesthesia and drug compounding.
Current wording
Our Pharmaceuticals segment includes sales of specialty injectable pharmaceuticals, inhaled anesthetics and drug compounding services.
Previous wording
Pharmaceuticals segment net sales decreased 7% for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the prior year period.
Current wording
Pharmaceuticals segment net sales increased 7% for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the prior year period.
Previous wording
During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we earned $87 million, $177 million and $140 million, respectively, of revenues that were not attributable to our reportable segments. In the current and prior year periods, those other sales primarily represent revenues earned by certain of our manufacturing facilities from contract manufacturing activities and royalty income under a business development arrangement. The decrease for the year ended December 31, 2023 as compared to the prior year period reflects lower contract manufacturing volume and the termination of the royalty arrangement following our acquisition of the rights to the underlying product in April
Current wording
During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, we earned $67 million, $87 million and $177 million, respectively, of revenues that were not attributable to our reportable segments. In the current and prior year periods, Other sales primarily represent revenues earned by certain of our manufacturing facilities from contract manufacturing activities. The years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 also included royalty income under a business development arrangement. The decrease in Other sales for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to the prior year period reflects lower contract manufacturing volume. The decrease for the year ended December 31, 2023 as compared to the prior year period was primarily driven by lower contract manufacturing volume and, to a lessor extent, termination of the royalty arrangement following our acquisition of the rights to the underlying product.
Previous wording
1 Our results in 2023 included long-lived asset impairment charges of $267 million related to the HD business within our Kidney Care segment, comprised of (i) a $190 million impairment charge related to certain manufacturing equipment, operating lease right-of-use assets and HD equipment leased to customers and (ii) a $77 million impairment charge related to a developed technology intangible asset. Our results in 2022 included long-lived asset impairment charges related to assets acquired in our December 2021 acquisition of Hillrom, comprised of (i) a $2.81 billion goodwill impairment and (ii) $332 million of indefinite-lived intangible assets. We also recognized $12 million of developed technology intangible asset impairments during 2022. Refer to Notes 4 and 5 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information regarding the impairments. Long-lived asset impairments presented within this special item do not include impairments of long-lived assets related to restructuring actions, which are presented within the business optimization special item described in footnote 2 below.
Current wording
1 Our results in 2024 included a long-lived asset impairment charge of $50 million to reduce the carrying amount of an IPR&D asset to its fair value. Our results in 2022 included long-lived asset impairment charges related to assets acquired in our December 2021 acquisition of Hillrom, comprised of (i) $332 million of indefinite-lived intangible assets and (ii) $12 million of developed technology intangible asset impairments. Refer to Notes 3 and 5 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information regarding the impairments. Long-lived asset impairments presented within this special item do not include impairments of long-lived assets related to restructuring actions, which are presented within the business optimization special item described in footnote 2 below.
Previous wording
2 Our results in 2023 and 2022 were impacted by costs associated with our execution of programs to optimize our organization and cost structure. These restructuring and other business optimization costs included actions related to our current implementation of a new operating model intended to simplify and streamline our operations and better align our manufacturing and supply chain to our commercial activities, our integration of Hillrom, the decision to close one of our U.S.-based manufacturing facilities this year, which resulted in a $243 million noncash impairment of property, plant and equipment, rationalization of certain other manufacturing and distribution facilities and transformation of certain general and administrative functions. Our results in 2023 and 2022 and 2021 included business optimization charges of $534 million, $225 million, $114 million, respectively. Refer to Note 12 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information regarding these charges and related liabilities.
Current wording
2 Our results in 2024, 2023 and 2022 were impacted by costs associated with our execution of programs to optimize our organization and cost structure. In 2024, these restructuring and other business optimization costs included costs primarily related to initiatives to reduce our cost structure following the sale of our Kidney Care segment, initiatives within our Healthcare Systems & Technologies segment including the discontinuance of a product line and rationalization of certain other manufacturing and distribution facilities. In 2023 and 2022, these restructuring and other business optimization costs included actions related to our implementation of a new operating model intended to simplify and streamline our operations and better align our manufacturing and supply chain to our commercial activities, and our ongoing integration of Hillrom. Our results in 2024 and 2023 and 2021 included business optimization charges of $162 million, $174 million, $193 million, respectively. Refer to Note 12 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information regarding these charges and related liabilities.
Previous wording
3 Our results in 2022 included charges of $44 million related to warranty and remediation activities arising from two field corrective actions on certain of our infusion pumps.
Current wording
3 Our results in 2024 included charges of $15 million, comprised of (i) $12 million related to warranty and remediation activities arising from field corrective actions on Healthcare Systems & Technologies products and (ii) $3 million related to a revised estimate of warranty and remediation activities arising from a field corrective action on certain of our infusion pumps initially recorded in 2022. Our results in 2022 included charges of $44 million related to warranty and remediation activities arising from two field corrective actions on certain of our infusion pumps.
Previous wording
4 Our results in 2023 included $19 million of integration-related costs, primarily related to our integration of Hillrom, offset by a $19 million benefit from changes in the estimated fair values of contingent consideration liabilities. Our results in 2022 included $213 million of acquisition and integration-related items, which reflected $93 million of integration-related costs and $159 million of incremental cost of sales from the fair value step-ups on acquired Hillrom inventory that was sold in 2022, partially offset by a $39 million benefit from changes in the estimated fair value of contingent consideration liabilities. Our results in 2021 included acquisition, integration and related financing expenses of $236 million. This included acquisition, integration and related financing expenses for our acquisition of Hillrom and the acquisition of the rights to Caelyx and Doxil for specified territories outside of the U.S. These expenses were partially offset by benefits from changes in the estimated fair value of contingent consideration liabilities. Refer to Note 3 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information regarding business and asset acquisitions.
Current wording
4 Our results in 2024 included $23 million of integration costs which primarily reflected third-party consulting costs related to our integration of Hillrom. Our results in 2023 included $19 million of integration-related costs, primarily related to our integration of Hillrom, offset by a $19 million benefit from changes in the estimated fair values of contingent consideration liabilities. Our results in 2022 included $213 million of acquisition and integration-related items, which reflected $93 million of integration-related costs and $159 million of incremental cost of sales from the fair value step-ups on acquired Hillrom inventory that was sold in 2022, partially offset by a $39 million benefit from changes in the estimated fair value of contingent consideration liabilities. Refer to Note 3 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information regarding business and asset acquisitions.
Previous wording
5 Our results in 2023, 2022 and 2021 included $48 million, $48 million and $42 million, respectively, of incremental costs to comply with the European Union's medical device regulations for previously registered products, which primarily consist of contractor costs and other direct third-party costs. We consider the adoption of these regulations to be a significant one-time regulatory charge and believe that the costs of initial compliance for previously registered products over the implementation period are not indicative of our core operating results.
Current wording
5 Our results in 2024, 2023 and 2022 included $33 million, $41 million and $42 million, respectively, of incremental costs to comply with the European Union's medical device regulations for previously registered products, which primarily consist of contractor costs and other direct third-party costs. We consider the adoption of these regulations to be a significant one-time regulatory charge and believe that the costs of initial compliance for previously registered products over the implementation period are not indicative of our core operating results.
Previous wording
7 Our results in 2023 included $7 million of net costs from certain legal matters. These costs included $13 million, including related legal fees, related to matters involving alleged violations of the False Claims Act related to a now-discontinued legacy Hillrom sales line and alleged injury from environmental exposure, partially offset by $6 million of proceeds received, net of related legal fees, from a settlement related to an intellectual property dispute. Our results in 2021 included legal fees of $13 million associated with claimants alleging injuries as a result of proximity to one of our plants.
Current wording
7 Our results in 2024 included charges of $17 million related to environmental reserves for remediation actions associated with historic operations at certain of our facilities. Our results in 2023 included $7 million of net costs from certain legal matters. These costs included $13 million, including related legal fees, related to matters involving alleged violations of the False Claims Act related to a now-discontinued legacy Hillrom sales line and alleged injury from environmental exposure, partially offset by $6 million of proceeds received, net of related legal fees, from a settlement related to an intellectual property dispute.
Previous wording
13 Our results in 2023 included $49 million of net pre-tax losses from non-marketable investments in several early-stage companies, consisting of $52 million of noncash impairment write-downs, partially offset by a $3 million gain from the sale of an investment.
Current wording
13 Our results in 2023 included $31 million of net pre-tax losses from non-marketable investments in several early-stage companies, consisting of $34 million of noncash impairment write-downs, partially offset by a $3 million gain from the sale of an investment.
Previous wording
15 Our results in 2023 included a $5 million net income tax benefit from internal reorganization transactions, primarily related to the proposed spinoff of our Kidney Care segment, and a $9 million valuation allowance to reduce the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset for a tax basis step-up related to previously enacted Swiss tax reform legislation to reflect our current estimate of its recoverability. Our results in 2022 included a $25 million valuation allowance to reduce the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset for a tax basis step-up related to previously enacted Swiss tax reform legislation to reflect our current estimate of its recoverability. Our results in 2021 included a $58 million income tax benefit related to a tax-deductible foreign statutory loss on an investment in a foreign subsidiary and an $18 million income tax benefit related to a change in U.S. foreign tax credit regulations, partially offset by a $22 million income tax expense related to an unfavorable court ruling for an uncertain tax position.
Current wording
14 Our results in 2024 included a $80 million net income tax expense consisting of a $28 million valuation allowance recorded to reduce the carrying amount of tax attribute carryforwards in the U.S., $22 million of net income tax costs on internal reorganization transactions related to the sale of our Kidney Care segment, a $17 million income tax expense related to legislative changes under Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (IRC) Section 987 (which is the exchange gain or loss on foreign branch remittances in the U.S., effective in 2024), and a $13 million net revaluation of the Swiss basis step-up deferred tax asset and related valuation allowance that arose from Swiss tax reform legislation in 2019 that was partially offset by a decrease in such valuation allowance to reflect our current estimate of recoverability of the basis step-up deferred tax asset. Our results in 2023 included a $14 million income tax expense from separation related income tax costs associated with the sale of our BPS business, and a $9 million valuation allowance to reduce the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset for a tax basis step-up related to previously enacted Swiss tax reform legislation to reflect our current estimate of its recoverability with the remaining tax expense related to the tax effects of other special items. Our results in 2022 included a $25 million valuation allowance to reduce the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset for a tax basis step-up related to previously enacted Swiss tax reform legislation to reflect our current estimate of its recoverability.
Previous wording
16 This item reflects the income tax impact of the special items identified in this table. The tax effect of each special item is based on the jurisdiction in which the item was incurred and the tax laws in effect for each such jurisdiction.
Current wording
15 This item reflects the income tax impact of the special items identified in this table. The tax effect of each special item is based on the jurisdiction in which the item was incurred and the tax laws in effect for each such jurisdiction.
Previous wording
The gross margin ratio was 33.6%, 34.9% and 38.9% for the years ended 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The special items identified earlier in this section had an unfavorable impact on gross margin ratio of 7.6 percentage points in both 2023 and 2022 and 3.5 percentage points in 2021. Refer to the Special Items caption earlier in this section for additional detail.
Current wording
The gross margin ratio was 37.5%, 40.1% and 35.3% for the years ended 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The special items identified earlier in this section had an unfavorable impact on gross margin ratio of 6.0, 4.3, and 10.0 percentage points in 2024. 2023, and 2022, respectively. Refer to the Special Items caption earlier in this section for additional detail.
Previous wording
Excluding the impact of special items, the gross margin ratio decreased 1.3 percentage points in 2023 compared to 2022 and increased 0.1 percentage points in 2022 compared to 2021. The decrease in 2023 was primarily due to the adverse cost impacts of raw materials inflation driving higher manufacturing costs and higher bonus accruals under our annual employee incentive compensation plans, partially offset by manufacturing initiatives. The increase in 2022 was due to a favorable product mix that was primarily driven by our acquisition of Hillrom, lower bonus accruals under our annual employee incentive compensation plans, lower U.S. customer rebates and $28 million of incremental revenue from a customer that did not meet its contractual minimum purchase requirements, partially offset by raw materials inflation and, to a lesser extent, increased supply chain costs.
Current wording
Excluding the impact of special items, the gross margin ratio decreased 0.9 percentage points in 2024 compared to 2023 and decreased 0.9 percentage points in 2023 compared to 2022. The decrease in 2024 was driven by an unfavorable product mix, partially offset by initiatives to reduce our manufacturing and supply chain costs. The decrease in 2023 was primarily due to the adverse cost impacts of raw materials inflation driving higher manufacturing costs and higher bonus accruals under our annual employee incentive compensation plans, partially offset by manufacturing initiatives.
Previous wording
The SG&A expense ratio was 26.6% in both 2023 and 2022 and 23.4% in 2021. The special items identified earlier in this section had an unfavorable impact on the SG&A expense ratio of 4.1, 3.9 and 2.1 percentage points in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Refer to the Special Items caption earlier in this section for additional detail.
Current wording
The SG&A expense ratio was 27.9%, 28.5% and 30.8% for the years ended 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The special items identified earlier in this section had an unfavorable impact on the SG&A expense ratio of 2.9, 3.6 and 5.4 percentage points in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Refer to the Special Items caption earlier in this section for additional detail.
Previous wording
Excluding the impact of special items, the SG&A expense ratio decreased 0.2 percentage points in 2023 compared to 2022 and increased 1.4 percentage points in 2022 compared to 2021. The decrease in 2023 was primarily due to savings from restructuring actions implemented in recent periods, partially offset by higher bonus accruals under our annual employee incentive compensation plans. The increase in 2022 was primarily due to the acquisition of Hillrom and increased outbound freight costs, partially offset by lower bonus accruals under our annual employee incentive compensation plans.
Current wording
Excluding the impact of special items, the SG&A expense ratio increased 0.1 percentage points in 2024 compared to 2023 and decreased 0.5 percentage points in 2023 compared to 2022. The increase in 2024 was primarily due to higher corporate function costs and annual compensation increases, partially offset by lower accruals under our annual employee incentive compensation plans. The decrease in 2023 was primarily due to savings from restructuring actions implemented in recent periods, partially offset by higher bonus accruals under our annual employee incentive compensation plans.
Previous wording
The R&D expense ratio was 4.5%, 4.2% and 4.4% for the years ended 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The special items identified earlier in this section had an unfavorable impact on the R&D expense ratio of 0.1 percentage points both in 2023 and 2022 and had no impact on the R&D expense ratio in 2021. Refer to the Special Items caption earlier in this section for additional detail.
Current wording
The R&D expense ratio was 5.5%, 5.0% and 4.5% for the years ended 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The special items identified earlier in this section had an unfavorable impact on the R&D expense ratio of 0.7 percentage points in 2024, and 0.1 percentage points both in 2023 and 2022. Refer to the Special Items caption earlier in this section for additional detail.
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Rearranged current paragraphs (2)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Solutions reporting unit). Refer to Note 3 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding these goodwill impairment charges.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Determining whether products and services are considered distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately and determining the allocation of the transaction price may require significant judgment.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (3)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
See Note 2 in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
On September 29, 2023, we completed the sale of our BPS business and received cash proceeds of $3.96 billion from that transaction. The financial position, results of operations and cash flows of our BPS business, including our gain from the sale of that business and the related cash proceeds received, are reported as discontinued operations in the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
•our ability to successfully integrate acquisitions;