M&T BANK CORP

The provision for income taxes was $722 million in 2024, compared with $878 million in 2023. The effective tax rates were 21.8% and 24.3% in 2024 and 2023, respectively. Income tax expense in 2024 reflects a $14 million discrete tax benefit related to certain tax credits claimed on a prior year return and a $17 million net discrete tax benefit related to the resolution of an income tax matter inherited from the acquisition of People's United. The Company's effective tax rate is affected by the level of income earned that is exempt from tax relative to the overall level of pre-tax income, the amount of income allocated to the various state and local jurisdictions where the Company operates, because tax rates differ among such jurisdictions, and the impact of any large discrete or infrequently occurring items. The Company’s effective tax rate in future periods may also be affected by any change in income tax laws or regulations and interpretations of income tax regulations that differ from the Company’s interpretations by any of the various tax authorities that may examine tax returns filed by M&T or any of its subsidiaries. Information about amounts accrued for uncertain tax positions and a reconciliation of income tax expense to the amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to pre-tax income is provided in note 13 of Notes to Financial Statements.