ZIPRECRUITER INC
For the period ended Jun 30, 2024. Filed Aug 7, 2024.
View on SEC.govAbout this filing
A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Jun 30, 2024 · Filed Aug 7, 2024
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2024-03-31; filed 2024-05-09.
0001617553-24-000032
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2024-06-30; filed 2024-08-07.
0001617553-24-000046
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 115 previous paragraphs and 121 current paragraphs.
78 unchanged; 31 reworded; 10 added; 5 removed; 1 previous and 2 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 16 previous and 16 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (10)
Current report
(1)Net income includes one-time charges resulting from our restructuring plan announced on May 31, 2023 to reduce our global workforce by approximately 20%. Restructuring costs were $8.3 million for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2023. No restructuring costs were recorded during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024.
Current report
We had a lower number of Quarterly Paid Employers in our marketplace in the quarter ended June 30, 2024 compared to the prior year period. In the quarter ended June 30, 2024, we delivered $123.7 million in revenue, which is a 27% decrease compared to the quarter ended June 30, 2023. Despite Revenue per Paid Employer being higher in the quarter ended June 30, 2024 compared to the quarter ended June 30, 2023 as our products and services continued to improve and offered more value for employers, we saw employers significantly pull back on spend on products and services in our marketplace during the quarter ended June 30, 2024 compared to the quarter ended June 30, 2023 amidst the continuing challenging macroeconomic conditions .
Current report
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
Current report
(3)Includes one-time charges resulting from our restructuring plan announced on May 31, 2023 to reduce our global workforce by approximately 20%. Restructuring costs are presented as $3.9 million in sales and marketing, $3.4 million in research and development, and $1.0 million in general and administrative expenses for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2023.
Current report
Revenue decreased by $108.3 million, or 31%, for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023, reflecting the lower number of Quarterly Paid Employers in our marketplace primarily due to the labor market continuing to be impacted by high inflation and high interest rates in the current period, which posed challenges to many businesses. Subscription revenue decreased by $87.2 million, or 31%, and performance-based revenue decreased by $21.1 million, or 29%, for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023. Despite Revenue per Paid Employer being higher in the current period as our products and services continued to improve and offered more value for employers, we saw employers significantly pull back on spend on products and services in our marketplace during the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023 amidst the continuing challenging macroeconomic conditions.
Current report
Cost of revenue decreased by $10.0 million, or 28%, for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023, primarily due to a decrease of $2.6 million in credit card processing fees, a decrease of $2.5 million in job distribution costs from performance-based revenue, a decrease of $2.1 million in third-party hosting fees, and a decrease of $1.6 million in partner revenue share. Gross margin was 89% and 90% in the six months ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, respectively, reflecting our continued commitment to operational efficiencies and maintaining costs proportionate to revenue.
Current report
Sales and marketing expenses decreased by $54.4 million, or 34%, for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by a $33.3 million decrease in marketing and advertising compared to the prior-year period reflecting our discipline in proactively adjusting marketing spend levels in relation to the macroeconomic conditions. The decrease was also driven by a decrease of $14.4 million in personnel-related costs for our sales and marketing employees corresponding with lower headcount in the current-year period. The decrease was further driven by one-time restructuring costs of $3.9 million related to our May 2023 reduction in force incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2023.
Current report
Research and development expenses decreased by $7.5 million, or 10%, for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by one-time restructuring costs of $3.4 million related to our May 2023 reduction in force incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2023, as well as a $3.3 million decrease in personnel-related costs for our research and development employees corresponding with lower headcount in the current-year period. Research and development expenses as a percentage of revenue increased 6% for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023, primarily driven by lower revenue. We expect to continue to invest in research and development activities, and we expect this expense may vary as a percentage of total revenue for the foreseeable future.
Current report
General and administrative expenses decreased by $11.4 million, or 24%, for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023, primarily driven by a $4.1 million decrease in stock-based compensation expense, a $3.4 million decrease in personnel-related costs for our general and administrative employees corresponding with lower headcount in the current-year period, and a $1.0 million decrease due to one-time restructuring costs related to our May 2023 reduction in force incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2023.
Current report
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
Removed paragraphs (5)
Previous report
We had a lower number of Quarterly Paid Employers in our marketplace in the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period. In the three months ended March 31, 2024, we delivered $122.2 million in revenue, a 33% decrease compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The record-setting levels of hiring activity we saw throughout the first half of 2022 started to show signs of softening near the end of June 2022 and proceeded to slow down significantly during the latter half of 2022. This trend continued throughout the year ended December 31, 2023, as the U.S. labor market continued to be impacted by high interest rates and high inflation, which posed challenges for many businesses. As employers continued to feel the impact of rising operating expenses and other macroeconomic headwinds, we continued to observe employers moderating hiring plans and reducing recruitment budgets in response to economic uncertainty. Also, while in 2021 and 2022, workers left jobs for higher wages, wage inflation has since abated and macroeconomic uncertainty is keeping people in their current roles, resulting in fewer job openings and lower employee turnover. This has resulted in atypical seasonal hiring patterns, with online hiring demand declining throughout 2023 and continuing to decline into the first quarter of 2024.
Previous report
Income Tax Expense
Previous report
Income Tax Expense
Previous report
Institutional Insured Liquid Deposit
Previous report
In March 2023, we entered into a cash management program called Institutional Insured Liquid Deposit, or IILD, with Wells Fargo & Company, which acts as our agent and the custodian of our funds. With the IILD, our funds are placed into interest-bearing FDIC-insured accounts at participating network banks in increments of slightly less than the FDIC insurance limit of $250,000. Both principal and interest earned are eligible for FDIC insurance under our IILD program. As of March 31, 2024, we had $122.2 million in the IILD program.
Reworded paragraphs (31)
Previous wording
For the three months ended March 31, 2024, our revenue was $122.2 million and we had a net loss of $6.5 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $20.8 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, our revenue was $183.7 million, and we generated net income of $5.0 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $35.3 million. Adjusted EBITDA is a financial measure not presented in accordance with GAAP. For a definition of Adjusted EBITDA, an explanation of our management’s use of this measure and a reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA, see the section titled “Key Operating Metrics and Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
Current wording
For the three months ended June 30, 2024, our revenue was $123.7 million and we generated net income of $7.0 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $27.8 million. For the three months ended June 30, 2023, our revenue was $170.4 million, and we generated net income of $14.4 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $43.3 million. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, our revenue was $245.9 million and we generated net income of $0.5 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $48.6 million. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, our revenue was $354.2 million, and we generated net income of $19.4 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $78.5 million. Adjusted EBITDA is a financial measure not presented in accordance with GAAP. For a definition of Adjusted EBITDA, an explanation of our management’s use of this measure and a reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA, see the section titled “Key Operating Metrics and Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
Previous wording
In the quarter ended March 31, 2024, Quarterly Paid Employers increased slightly when compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2023, marking the first quarter with sequential stability in Quarterly Paid Employers since 2022. However, the U.S. labor market continued to be impacted by high inflation and high interest rates, which posed challenges for many businesses, and we continued to observe employers moderating hiring plans and reducing recruitment budgets in response to economic uncertainty.
Current wording
In the quarter ended June 30, 2024, Quarterly Paid Employers decreased slightly when compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2024. The U.S. labor market continued to be impacted by high inflation and high interest rates, which posed challenges for many businesses. Employers continued to moderate hiring plans given the uncertainty in the economy.
Previous wording
In the quarter ended March 31, 2024, Revenue per Paid Employer decreased when compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2023. While we believe our products and services continued to improve and offered more value for employers of all sizes including offering solutions with the best matching technology to help employers identify and recruit standout candidates, we saw employers decrease spend on products and services in our marketplace amidst the continued challenging economic climate during the quarter ended March 31, 2024.
Current wording
In the quarter ended June 30, 2024, Revenue per Paid Employer increased slightly when compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2024. While we saw Quarterly Paid Employers decrease during the quarter ended June 30, 2024, reflecting the current softness in hiring demand amidst the challenging economic climate, we believe our products and services continued to improve and offered more value for employers of all sizes.
Previous wording
We define Adjusted EBITDA as our net income (loss) before interest expense, other income (expense), net, income tax expense and depreciation and amortization, adjusted to eliminate stock-based compensation expense. Adjusted EBITDA margin is calculated by dividing Adjusted EBITDA for a period by revenue for the same period.
Current wording
We define Adjusted EBITDA as our net income (loss) before interest expense, other income (expense), net, income tax expense (benefit) and depreciation and amortization, adjusted to eliminate stock-based compensation expense. Adjusted EBITDA margin is calculated by dividing Adjusted EBITDA for a period by revenue for the same period.
Previous wording
The following table presents a reconciliation of net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA for each of the periods indicated:
Current wording
The following table presents a reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA for each of the periods indicated:
Previous wording
The following tables present net income (loss) margin and Adjusted EBITDA margin for each of the periods indicated:
Current wording
The following tables present net income margin and Adjusted EBITDA margin for each of the periods indicated:
Previous wording
Other income (expense), net consists primarily of interest income recognized on cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, gains and losses from foreign currency exchange transactions, and realized gains and losses recognized on sales of available-for-sale debt securities. We have foreign currency exposure primarily related to personnel-related expenses that are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar, principally the Canadian Dollar, British Pound and the Israeli New Shekel. Other income (expense), net also includes sublease income which consists of income earned from noncancellable sublease agreements related to some of our office facilities.
Current wording
Other income (expense), net consists primarily of interest income recognized on cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, gains and losses from foreign currency exchange transactions, and realized gains and losses recognized on sales of available-for-sale debt securities. We have foreign currency exposure primarily related to personnel-related expenses that are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar, principally the Canadian Dollar, British Pound and the Israeli New Shekel.
Previous wording
We are subject to federal and state income taxes in the United States, as well as several international jurisdictions. The effective tax rate of (92.3)% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to state taxes, tax detriments relating to the settlement of restricted stock units, or RSUs, certain non-deductible expenses including limitations on the amount of deductible executive compensation, and net tax benefits from research and development tax credits.
Current wording
We are subject to federal and state income taxes in the United States, as well as several international jurisdictions. The effective tax rates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to tax detriments relating to the settlement of restricted stock units, or RSUs, certain non-deductible expenses including limitations on the amount of deductible officer compensation, state taxes, and net tax benefits from research and development tax credits. The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 differed from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to state taxes, tax detriments relating to the settlement of RSUs, certain non-deductible expenses including limitations on the amount of deductible officer compensation, partially offset by net tax benefits from research and development tax credits.
Previous wording
Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023
Current wording
Comparison of the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023
Previous wording
Revenue decreased by $61.5 million, or 33%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023, reflecting the lower number of Quarterly Paid Employers in our marketplace primarily due to the labor market continuing to be impacted by high inflation and high interest rates in the current period which posed challenges to many businesses. Subscription revenue decreased by $46.5 million, or 33%, and performance-based revenue decreased by $15.0 million, or 37%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. Revenue per Paid Employer decreased slightly during the current period as we saw employers decrease spend on products and services in our marketplace amidst the continuing challenging macroeconomic conditions during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Current wording
Revenue decreased by $46.8 million, or 27%, for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023, reflecting the lower number of Quarterly Paid Employers in our marketplace primarily due to the labor market continuing to be impacted by high inflation and high interest rates in the current period, which posed challenges to many businesses. Subscription revenue decreased by $40.6 million, or 30%, and performance-based revenue decreased by $6.1 million, or 18%, for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023. Despite Revenue per Paid Employer being higher in the current period as our products and services continued to improve and offered more value for employers, we saw employers significantly pull back on spend on products and services in our marketplace during the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023 amidst the continuing challenging macroeconomic conditions.
Previous wording
Cost of revenue decreased by $7.3 million, or 35%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023, primarily due to a decrease in job distribution costs from performance-based revenue of $2.2 million, a decrease of $1.4 million in third-party hosting fees, and a decrease of $1.4 million in credit card processing fees. The gross margin was 89% in both the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, reflecting our continued commitment to operational efficiencies and maintaining costs proportionate to revenue.
Current wording
Cost of revenue decreased by $2.7 million, or 17%, for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023, primarily due to a decrease of $1.2 million in credit card processing fees, a decrease of $0.7 million in third-party hosting fees, and a decrease of $0.5 million in partner revenue share. Gross margin was 90% and 91% in the three months ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, respectively, reflecting our continued commitment to operational efficiencies and maintaining costs proportionate to revenue.
Previous wording
Sales and marketing expenses decreased by $33.7 million, or 38%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by a $25.0 million decrease in marketing and advertising compared to the prior-year period reflecting our discipline in proactively adjusting marketing spend levels in relation to the macroeconomic conditions. On May 31, 2023, we announced and committed to a restructuring plan to optimize our cost structure and drive long-term efficiency in response to the impact of macroeconomic conditions. This plan resulted in a reduction in our global workforce of approximately 20%. As a result of our May 2023 reduction in force, personnel-related costs for our sales and marketing employees decreased by $7.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Current wording
Sales and marketing expenses decreased by $20.7 million, or 29%, for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by a $8.4 million decrease in marketing and advertising compared to the prior-year period reflecting our discipline in proactively adjusting marketing spend levels in relation to the macroeconomic conditions. The decrease was also driven by a decrease of $7.3 million in personnel-related costs for our sales and marketing employees corresponding with lower headcount in the current period. The decrease was further driven by one-time restructuring costs of $3.9 million related to our May 2023 reduction in force incurred during the three months ended June 30, 2023.
Previous wording
Research and development expenses decreased by $2.2 million, or 6%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by a $1.6 million decrease in personnel-related costs attributable to a decrease in headcount as a result of our May 2023 reduction in force. Research and development expenses as a percentage of revenue increased 9% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023, primarily driven by lower revenue. We expect to continue to invest in research and development activities, and we expect this expense may vary as a percentage of total revenue for the foreseeable future.
Current wording
Research and development expenses decreased by $5.3 million, or 14%, for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by one-time restructuring costs of $3.4 million related to our May 2023 reduction in force incurred during the three months ended June 30, 2023, as well as a $1.6 million decrease in personnel-related costs for our research and development employees corresponding with lower headcount in the current period. Research and development expenses as a percentage of revenue increased 4% for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023, primarily driven by lower revenue. We expect to continue to invest in research and development activities, and we expect this expense may vary as a percentage of total revenue for the foreseeable future.
Previous wording
General and administrative expenses decreased by $6.5 million, or 25%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023, primarily driven by a decrease of $1.8 million in personnel-related costs for our general and administrative employees, attributable to a decrease in headcount as a result of our May 2023 reduction in force and a $1.8 million decrease in stock-based compensation expense.
Current wording
General and administrative expenses decreased by $4.9 million, or 23%, for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023, primarily driven by a $2.3 million decrease in stock-based compensation expense, a $1.6 million decrease in personnel-related costs for our general and administrative employees corresponding with lower headcount in the current period, and a $1.0 million decrease due to one-time restructuring costs related to our May 2023 reduction in force incurred during the three months ended June 30, 2023.
Previous wording
Total other income (expense), net, remained flat for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Current wording
Total other income (expense), net, remained flat for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2023.
Previous wording
Income tax expense decreased $0.5 million, or 14%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease in income tax expense is primarily attributable to a decrease in income before income taxes partially offset by an increase in income tax expense associated with stock-based compensation.
Current wording
Income tax expense decreased $5.2 million, or 89%, for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease in income tax expense is primarily attributable to a decrease in income before income taxes partially offset by an increase in income tax expense associated with stock-based compensation.
Previous wording
As of March 31, 2024, we had cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities totaling $513.0 million and $245.6 million available in unused borrowing capacity under our current credit facility. We have financed our operations and capital expenditures primarily through cash generated from operations, sales of shares of common and preferred stock and from our senior unsecured notes, bank loans, and convertible notes. As of March 31, 2024, we had no amounts outstanding under our credit facility.
Current wording
As of June 30, 2024, we had cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities totaling $523.3 million and $247.4 million available in unused borrowing capacity under our credit facility. We have financed our operations and capital expenditures primarily through cash generated from operations, sales of shares of common and preferred stock and from our senior unsecured notes, bank loans, and convertible notes. As of June 30, 2024, we had no amounts outstanding under our credit facility and were in compliance with the financial covenants. In addition, in July 2024, we entered into a supplement to our credit facility agreement which increased the aggregate revolving commitments available under the credit facility from $250.0 million to $290.0 million. Subsequent to the execution of the supplement, we continued to have no amounts outstanding under our credit facility.
Previous wording
In April 2021, we entered into a $250.0 million credit facility agreement with a syndicate of banks. The credit facility has a maturity date of April 30, 2026 and bears interest at a rate based upon our Net Leverage Ratio. Our Net Leverage Ratio is defined as total debt less total cash and permitted investments outstanding at period end, with a maximum total cash and permitted investments adjustment of $550.0 million, divided by the trailing 12 months of earnings, adjusted for items such as non-cash expenses and other nonrecurring transactions. We are also obligated to pay other customary fees including a commitment fee on a quarterly basis based on amounts committed but unused under the credit facility at a rate between 0.25% to 0.35%, depending on our Net Leverage Ratio. The amount available under the credit facility is reduced by letters of credit outstanding, which totaled $4.4 million as of March 31, 2024. The letters of credit outstanding relate to various leased office spaces.
Current wording
In April 2021, we entered into a $250.0 million credit facility agreement with a syndicate of banks. In July 2024, we entered into a supplement to the credit facility agreement which increased the aggregate revolving commitments available under the credit facility from $250.0 million to $290.0 million. The credit facility has a maturity date of April 30, 2026 and bears interest at a rate based upon our Net Leverage Ratio. Our Net Leverage Ratio is defined as total debt less total cash and permitted investments outstanding at period end, with a maximum total cash and permitted investments adjustment of $550.0 million, divided by the trailing 12 months of earnings, adjusted for items such as non-cash expenses and other nonrecurring transactions. We are also obligated to pay other customary fees including a commitment fee on a quarterly basis based on amounts committed but unused under the credit facility at a rate between 0.25% to 0.35%, depending on our Net Leverage Ratio. The amount available under the credit facility is reduced by letters of credit outstanding, which totaled $2.6 million as of June 30, 2024. The letters of credit outstanding relate to various leased office spaces.
Previous wording
For more information on the credit facility, please see Note 6 – Debt to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report.
Current wording
For more information on the credit facility, please see Note 9 – Debt to our audited consolidated financial statements in the 2023 Form 10-K.
Previous wording
For more information on the senior unsecured notes, please see Note 6 – Debt to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report.
Current wording
For more information on the senior unsecured notes, please see Note 9 – Debt to our audited consolidated financial statements in the 2023 Form 10-K.
Previous wording
Our board of directors authorized us to repurchase up to $550.0 million of our outstanding common stock, with no fixed expiration. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we repurchased an aggregate 0.5 million shares of our Class A common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $6.4 million through open market purchases under our share repurchase program.
Current wording
Our board of directors authorized us to repurchase up to $550.0 million of our outstanding common stock, with no fixed expiration. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, we repurchased 1.4 million shares of our Class A common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $15.0 million through open market purchases under our share repurchase program.
Previous wording
Approximately $57.0 million remains available for future repurchases of our Class A common stock under our share repurchase program as of March 31, 2024. For more information, see Note 9 – Share Repurchase Program to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report.
Current wording
Approximately $48.4 million remains available for future repurchases of our Class A common stock under our share repurchase program as of June 30, 2024. For more information, see Note 9 – Share Repurchase Program to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report.
Previous wording
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we continued investing primarily in highly rated debt securities and money market mutual funds to manage our excess cash reserves. The primary objectives in investing our excess cash reserves are to preserve capital, provide sufficient liquidity to satisfy both operational cash flow requirements and potential strategic investment opportunities, and to obtain a reasonable or market rate of return on investments. We consider all of our investments as available for use in current operations, including those with maturity dates beyond one year, and therefore classify these securities within current assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Current wording
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, we continued investing primarily in highly rated debt securities and money market mutual funds to manage our excess cash reserves. The primary objectives in investing our excess cash reserves are to preserve capital, provide sufficient liquidity to satisfy both operational cash flow requirements and potential strategic investment opportunities, and to obtain a reasonable or market rate of return on investments. We consider all of our investments as available for use in current operations, including those with maturity dates beyond one year, and therefore classify these securities within current assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Previous wording
As of March 31, 2024, we held $286.8 million in total investments, consisting of money market mutual funds and available-for-sale debt securities. These investments are included within cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities within our condensed consolidated balance sheets. For more information, see Note 8 – Financial Instruments to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report.
Current wording
As of June 30, 2024, we held $290.6 million in total investments, consisting of money market mutual funds and available-for-sale debt securities. These investments are included within cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities within our condensed consolidated balance sheets. For more information, see Note 8 – Financial Instruments to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report.
Previous wording
For the three months ended March 31, 2024, cash provided by operating activities was $2.0 million resulting from our net loss of $6.5 million, adjusted by non-cash charges of $7.0 million and a net increase of $1.6 million in our operating assets and liabilities. The non-cash charges primarily resulted from $18.6 million for stock-based compensation expense, $3.1 million pertaining to amortization of intangible assets and depreciation, and $1.0 million pertaining to non-cash lease expense, partially offset by $13.7 million related to the change in our deferred tax assets driven by our current year capitalization of research costs from a tax perspective, and $2.6 million in amortization and accretion of marketable securities. The increase of $1.6 million related to changes in our operating assets and liabilities was primarily driven by a $5.6 million increase in our accounts payable and accrued expenses and other liabilities, a $2.0 million decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets, and a $1.6 million decrease in accounts receivable associated with a decrease in revenue due to a lower number of Quarterly Paid Employers in our marketplace compared to the prior-year period, partially offset by a $6.9 million decrease in our accrued interest associated with our senior unsecured notes, and a $1.3 million decrease in our operating lease liabilities.
Current wording
For the six months ended June 30, 2024, cash provided by operating activities was $23.9 million resulting from our net income of $0.5 million, adjusted by non-cash charges of $37.3 million and a net decrease of $13.9 million in our operating assets and liabilities. The non-cash charges primarily resulted from $34.2 million for stock-based compensation expense, $5.9 million pertaining to amortization of intangible assets and depreciation, and $2.0 million pertaining to non-cash lease expense, partially offset by $5.3 million in amortization and accretion of marketable securities and $0.9 million related to the change in our deferred tax assets driven by our current year capitalization of research costs from a tax perspective. The decrease of $13.9 million related to changes in our operating assets and liabilities was primarily driven by a $9.2 million decrease in our accounts payable and accrued expenses and other liabilities, a $2.8 million increase in prepaid expenses and other assets, and a $2.7 million decrease in our operating lease liabilities.
Previous wording
For the three months ended March 31, 2023, cash provided by operating activities was $6.4 million resulting from our net income of $5.0 million, adjusted by non-cash charges of $18.9 million and a net decrease of $17.6 million in our operating assets and liabilities. The non-cash charges primarily resulted from $21.6 million for stock-based compensation expense, $2.7 million pertaining to amortization of intangible assets and depreciation, and $1.0 million pertaining to non-cash lease expense, partially offset by $4.6 million related to the change in our deferred tax assets driven by our current year capitalization of research costs from a tax perspective and the tax-related impact of stock-based compensation, and $3.0 million in amortization and accretion of marketable securities. The decrease of $17.6 million related to changes in our operating assets and liabilities was primarily driven by a $18.9 million decrease in our accrued expenses and other liabilities and accounts payable, a $6.9 million decrease in accrued interest associated with our senior unsecured notes, and a $1.5 million decrease in our operating lease liabilities, partially offset by a $7.2 million decrease in accounts receivable associated with a decrease in revenue due to a lower number of Quarterly Paid Employers in our marketplace compared to the prior-year period, and a $2.4 million decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets.
Current wording
For the six months ended June 30, 2023, cash provided by operating activities was $39.5 million resulting from our net income of $19.4 million, adjusted by non-cash charges of $35.2 million and a net decrease of $15.1 million in our operating assets and liabilities. The non-cash charges primarily resulted from $39.2 million for stock-based compensation expense, $5.8 million pertaining to amortization of intangible assets and depreciation, and $2.1 million pertaining to non-cash lease expense, partially offset by $8.3 million related to the change in our deferred tax assets driven by our current year capitalization of research costs from a tax perspective and the tax-related impact of stock-based compensation, and $5.8 million in amortization and accretion of marketable securities. The decrease of $15.1 million related to changes in our operating assets and liabilities was primarily driven by a $22.7 million decrease in our accrued expenses and other liabilities and accounts payable and a $3.1 million decrease in our operating lease liabilities, partially offset by a $10.2 million decrease in accounts receivable associated with a decrease in revenue due to a lower number of Quarterly Paid Employers in our marketplace compared to the prior-year period, and a $2.2 million decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets.
Previous wording
For the three months ended March 31, 2024, cash provided by investing activities was $5.7 million resulting from $151.5 million received from paydowns, maturities and redemptions of marketable securities, partially offset by $142.7 million used in purchases of marketable securities and capitalized software development costs of $2.9 million.
Current wording
For the six months ended June 30, 2024, cash used in investing activities was $15.4 million resulting from $297.8 million used in purchases of marketable securities and $5.3 million capitalized for software development costs, partially offset by $288.0 million received from paydowns, maturities and redemptions of marketable securities.
Previous wording
For the three months ended March 31, 2023, cash provided by investing activities was $38.0 million resulting from $158.6 million received from paydowns, maturities and redemptions of marketable securities, partially offset by $117.1 million used in purchases of marketable securities and an increase in capitalized software development costs of $3.1 million.
Current wording
For the six months ended June 30, 2023, cash provided by investing activities was $84.6 million resulting from $292.0 million received from paydowns, maturities and redemptions of marketable securities, partially offset by $201.8 million used in purchases of marketable securities and an increase in capitalized software development costs of $5.2 million.
Previous wording
For the three months ended March 31, 2024, cash used in financing activities was $8.3 million which consisted of $6.4 million used for the repurchase of common stock and $4.8 million for the net settlement of taxes on RSUs, partially offset by $2.6 million of proceeds from the issuance of stock under the employee stock purchase plan, and $0.3 million of proceeds from the exercise of stock options.
Current wording
For the six months ended June 30, 2024, cash used in financing activities was $19.9 million which consisted of $15.0 million used for the repurchase of common stock and $8.1 million for the net settlement of taxes on equity awards, partially offset by $2.6 million of proceeds from the issuance of stock under the employee stock purchase plan, and $0.6 million of proceeds from the exercise of stock options.
Previous wording
For the three months ended March 31, 2023, cash used in financing activities was $57.2 million which consisted of $58.7 million used for the repurchase of common stock and $4.5 million for the net settlement of taxes on RSUs, partially offset by $4.2 million of proceeds from the issuance of stock under the employee stock purchase plan, and $1.8 million of proceeds from the exercise of stock options.
Current wording
For the six months ended June 30, 2023, cash used in financing activities was $112.7 million which consisted of $110.9 million used for the repurchase of common stock and $9.1 million for the net settlement of taxes on RSUs, partially offset by $4.2 million of proceeds from the issuance of stock under the employee stock purchase plan, and $3.0 million of proceeds from the exercise of stock options.
Previous wording
See our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, or the 2023 Form 10-K, for our future minimum commitments related to certain software service agreements. Through March 31, 2024, we did not have any relationships with unconsolidated organizations or financial partnerships, such as structured finance or special purpose entities that have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
Current wording
See the 2023 Form 10-K for our future minimum commitments related to certain software service agreements. Through June 30, 2024, we did not have any relationships with unconsolidated organizations or financial partnerships, such as structured finance or special purpose entities that have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
Rearranged current paragraphs (2)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
For a description of our revenue accounting policies, see Note 2 – Basis of Presentation, Principles of Consolidation, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our audited consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, or the 2023 Form 10-K.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Income tax expense decreased $5.7 million, or 60%, for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease in income tax expense is primarily attributable to a decrease in income before income taxes partially offset by an increase in income tax expense associated with stock-based compensation.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (1)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
For a description of our revenue accounting policies, see the section titled“Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” below.