RECURSION PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
For the period ended Dec 31, 2025. Filed Feb 25, 2026.
View on SEC.govAbout this filing
A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.
FY2025 · Filed Feb 25, 2026
RXRX$3.81+8.1%Stored close · as of Nov 9, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-K
Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-02-28.
0001601830-25-000035
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-K
Period ended 2025-12-31; filed 2026-02-25.
0001601830-26-000039
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
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Tables are not compared: 8 previous and 7 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (51)
Current report
Recursion is a clinical-stage TechBio company with a mission to decode biology to radically improve lives. We have advanced a portfolio of differentiated internal programs and strategic partnerships that leverage our integrated drug discovery and development platform, the Recursion Operating System (OS). This platform provides end-to-end, AI-native capabilities that span from novel biological ideas through the clinic, integrating multimodal biological data generation, AI-powered small molecule synthesis, and AI-enabled clinical development. All of our technologies are designed to translate complex science into medicines that matter — faster, better, and at scale — for patients who are waiting.
Current report
Summary of Business Highlights: Driving a diversified pipeline powered by the end-to-end AI-native Recursion OS - wholly-owned and partnered programs
Current report
2025 Wholly Owned Pipeline Achievements: Advancing programs with strong therapeutic rationale, powered by the Recursion OS
Current report
•REC-4881 (MEK1/2): Provided the first clinical validation of the Recursion OS from a novel phenotypic insight, with positive preliminary efficacy results from the ongoing Phase 2 portion of the TUPELO study in FAP, a disease with no approved pharmacotherapies
Current report
◦REC-4881 (4 mg QD) achieved rapid clinical activity, with 75% of evaluable patients showing reductions in total polyp burden and a 43% median reduction after 12 weeks of treatment (n=12).
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◦After 12 weeks off therapy (week 25 of the study), 82% of evaluable patients (9 of 11) maintained a durable reduction in total polyp burden, with a 53% median reduction observed from baseline.
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◦REC-4881 (4 mg QD) has a safety profile consistent with MEK1/2 inhibition, with the majority of treatment-related adverse events being Grade 1 or 2, Grade 3 events occurring in 15.8% of the safety-evaluable patients, and no Grade ≥4 TRAEs reported to date. The most frequent TRAEs (at ≥10%) included dermatitis acneiform / rash and blood CPK increase.
Current report
•REC-617 (CDK7): A potential best-in-class CDK7 inhibitor optimized for improved therapeutic index using our AI-driven precision design platform and identified as lead candidate in under 11 months with 136 novel compounds synthesized, delivered further Phase 1/2 results in November 2025, demonstrating promising safety and preliminary efficacy signals. The program is currently advancing in ongoing Phase 1 combination studies in 2L+ platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (PROC) alongside Phase 2 monotherapy expansion.
Current report
•REC-7735 (PI3Kα H1047R): Recursion announced new preclinical efficacy data on REC-7735, a potential best-in-class PI3K⍺ H1047R inhibitor, precision designed with 242 compounds synthesized from first novel hit to REC-7735 in 10 months using the Recursion OS platform. Current pan-PI3K⍺ inhibitors lack selectivity over the wild-type protein, resulting in metabolic liabilities, including hyperglycemia, that often necessitate dose reductions in a significant portion of non diabetic patients and the exclusion entirely of diabetic patients from treatment. REC-7735 demonstrates >100-fold selectivity for the H1074R mutation over WT PI3K⍺ suggesting potential improved tolerability and is currently in IND-enabling studies.
Current report
Expected upcoming milestones across Recursion’s wholly-owned pipeline:
Current report
•REC-1245 (RBM39): Early Phase 1 safety and PK monotherapy data expected in 1H26
Current report
•REC-4881 (MEK1/2):
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◦Initiate FDA engagement in 1H26 to align on a potential registration pathway for REC-4881, alongside ongoing dosing optimization and expansion of TUPELO to include patients aged 18+ to support a broader development strategy.
Current report
◦Additional Phase 1b/2 clinical data expected in 1H27
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•REC-7735 (PI3Kα H1047R) and REC-102 (ENPP1): IND-enabling studies ongoing; data-driven go/no-go decision on Phase 1 initiation expected in 2H26
Current report
•REC-617 (CDK7): Early Phase 1 safety and PK combination data expected in 1H27
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•REC-3565 (MALT1): Early Phase 1 safety and PK monotherapy data expected in 1H27
Current report
•REC-4539 (LSD1): Early Phase 1 safety and PK monotherapy data expected in 2H27
Current report
Advancing Partnered Discovery, with Over $500 Million in Milestone Payments Achieved to Date:
Current report
•Sanofi:
Current report
◦Advancing programs for complex targets: Recursion is using its platform to discover, design, and advance a joint portfolio of 5+ AI-driven novel small molecule programs across immunology and oncology. Recursion continues to design against challenging and diverse protein targets.
Current report
◦The collaboration has thepotential for up to 15 AI-designed small molecule programs.
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◦Milestone payments: Recursion has now received $134 million in upfront and progress-based milestones from this partnership to date.
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•In the next 12-18 months, there is potential for additional near-term milestones as the first programs advance towards development candidates and earlier-stage programs progress.
Current report
◦Fifth progress-based milestone: In February 2026, Recursion achieved its fifth milestone across the collaboration, generating a $4M payment from Sanofi. This 5th milestone reflects a first-in-class Sanofi-partnered oncology program against a historically difficult and novel biological space.
Current report
▪Recursion's AI-driven design coupled with Recursion’s physics-based capabilities has produced selective, orally active lead series.
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•Roche and Genentech:
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◦Neuron Map: In partnership with Roche and Genentech, Recursion built the first whole-genome CRISPR knockout map generated from a subset of 1 trillion internally manufactured iPSC-derived neuronal cells ($30 million milestone payment, accepted in 2024). This proprietary dataset is being used in partnership with Roche and Genentech to identify potential new targets in neuroscience, a field which has historically suffered from limited new discoveries.
Current report
◦Microglia Map: Recursion built and Roche and Genentech accepted a second neuroscience Phenomap, a first-of-its-kind whole-genome CRISPR knockout map generated from over 100 billion internally manufactured iPSC-derived microglial cells ($30 million milestone payment, accepted in 2025). With approximately 46 million images, the scale and quality of this proprietary map enables us, in partnership with Roche and Genentech, to leverage the power of AI to explore novel targets and pathways.
Current report
◦Gastrointestinal-Oncology Advancements: We have built four proprietary Phenomaps which are being leveraged under the collaboration to identify novel insights that can be used to initiate programs for a gastrointestinal-oncology indication including continuing to advance one program optioned by Roche and Genentech.
Current report
◦Milestones and Collaboration: In total, Recursion has received $213 million in upfront and milestone payments from the collaboration. Roche and Genentech have accepted 6 Phenomaps and initiated one small molecule program based on Phenomap insights to date. The companies have also identified a number of biological insights from Phenomaps that are now being validated or advanced as potential novel targets.
Current report
Meaningful Potential Upcoming Milestones Across Partnered Discovery:
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•Sanofi programs continue advancing towards potential lead series and development candidate designation milestones in the next 12-18 months.
Current report
•The Company expects to translate biological insights from maps delivered to Roche and Genentech to early stage programs across 2026 and beyond.
Current report
2025 Recursion OS Advances: Driving Platform Innovations, Grounded in Impact
Current report
Full stack AI-powered platform: The Recursion Operating System (OS) is continuing to drive program development by integrating AI across multimodal biology, precision design, and next-generation clinical development—enabling faster, more efficient, and more innovative drug discovery and development from biology to insight, insight to molecule, and molecule to patient.
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•Biology to Insight: Initiating programs with deep biological grounding
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◦Unmatched multimodal scale: At-scale cellular imaging, integrated with proprietary and partner omics datasets, has created one of the most comprehensive and relatable biological datasets in biopharma.
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◦From signal to selection: This foundation enables systematic discovery of novel biology — over 100 novel insights triaged into 10 actionable and translatable targets.
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•Insight to Molecule: Designing differentiated molecules more efficiently
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Removed paragraphs (31)
Previous report
Overview
Previous report
Recursion is a leading clinical stage TechBio company with a mission to decode biology to radically improve lives. We aim to achieve our mission by industrializing drug discovery using the Recursion Operating System (OS), a vertical platform of diverse technologies that enables us to map and navigate trillions of biological, chemical, and patient-centric relationships utilizing approximately 65 petabytes of proprietary data. The Recursion OS integrates ‘Real World’ data generated in our own wet-laboratories or by select partners and a ‘World Model’ which is a collection of AI computational models we also build in-house. Today, our scaled ‘wet-lab’ biology, chemistry, and patient-centric experimental data feed our ‘dry-lab’ computational tools to identify, validate, and translate therapeutic insights, which we can then validate in our wet-lab to both advance drug discovery programs and to generate data to further refine our world model.
Previous report
There are a few key factors that differentiate Recursion from other technology-enabled drug discovery companies.
Previous report
Recursion has built a full-stack platform utilizing many biology, chemistry, and patient-centric proprietary datasets and modular tools to industrialize drug discovery, while most other competitor companies rely on a point solution to solve one important step in drug discovery. We recognize that drug discovery is made up of many steps, and a point solution is insufficient to generate efficiencies across the entire process. To decode biology, we must construct a full-stack technology platform capable of integrating and industrializing many complex workflows.
Previous report
Recursion integrates wet-lab and dry-lab capabilities in-house to create a virtuous cycle of iteration. Fit-for-purpose wet-lab experimental data are translated by dry-lab digital tools into in silico hypotheses and testable predictions, which in turn generates more wet-lab data from which improved predictions can be made. Recursion is well positioned compared to companies of a similar stage either focused more specifically on the wet-lab only (traditional biotech or pharma companies) or dry-lab only (companies facing rapidly commoditized algorithms and a challenge differentiating on non-proprietary data).
Previous report
Recursion has achieved a significant scale with respect to its scientific, technological, and business endeavors. With eight clinical-stage programs, an exciting preclinical pipeline, four of the largest discovery partnerships in the biopharma industry with Roche-Genentech, Sanofi, Bayer and Merck KGaA, and four technology-focused partnerships, Recursion has achieved a scale, level of integration, and stage that few other TechBio companies have.
Previous report
We leverage the Recursion OS to deliver value in three ways: 1) our own pipeline of clinical and preclinical potential medicines focused in precision oncology, rare disease and other niche areas of unmet need; 2) by discovering new medicines with large biopharmaceutical companies in some of the biggest areas of unmet need in medicine like neuroscience and inflammation; and 3) by leveraging our tools, technology and data for the benefit of other partners in targeted and limited ways.
Previous report
We are actively advancing key catalysts in our clinical pipeline while demonstrating significant progress in addressing high unmet medical needs. At the same time, we continue to validate various components of the Recursion OS, which has played a role in advancing every program in our portfolio, reinforcing its potential to accelerate drug discovery and development.
Previous report
2024 Highlights and Progress
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In 2024, we accelerated the next wave of AI-driven drug discovery and development, delivering key milestones across multiple clinical programs, advancing our transformative partnerships, unveiling major breakthroughs in foundation models and by consolidating some of the best tools, technologies and talent into what we believe is the leading company in the burgeoning field of TechBio.
Previous report
Advancements in the Pipeline:
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•REC-617: A potential best-in-class CDK7 inhibitor optimized using our AI platform, delivered early Phase 1/2 results demonstrating promising safety and preliminary efficacy, including a durable partial response in a late-stage metastatic ovarian cancer patient and stable disease across four other patients with solid tumors (e.g. CRC, NSCLC)
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•REC-994: A potential first-in-disease oral superoxide scavenger for symptomatic CCM, confirmed safety and tolerability of chronic dosing in a Phase 2 study, with exploratory analyses suggesting lesion volume reduction on MRI and symptom stabilization as evaluated by change in mRS scores
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•Clinical Advancements and Regulatory Milestones: Initiated three clinical studies: DAHLIA (Phase 1/2, REC-1245 for solid tumors and lymphoma), TUPELO (Phase 1b/2, REC-4881 for FAP), and ALDER (Phase 2, REC-3964 for recurrent C. difficile infection), received IND clearance for REC-4539 (small cell lung cancer), CTA approval for REC-3565 (b-cell malignancies), and progressed REC-4209 (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) to IND-enabling studies
Previous report
Advancements in Partnerships:
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•Roche and Genentech: Generated whole-genome and chemical perturbation maps in a gastrointestinal oncology indication and a whole genome neuroscience phenomap. The neuro phenomap resulted in the exercise of a $30M milestone
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•Sanofi: Achieved $15M in milestones, advancing multiple targets in immunology and oncology into lead optimization
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•Bayer: Completed 25 multimodal oncology data packages and delivery of LOWE, our LLM-orchestrated workflow software, to enhance research capabilities
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•Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany): Advanced alliance to identify first-in-class or best-in-class targets across oncology and immunology
Previous report
Advancements in Platform:
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•Full Stack AI Powered Platform: Our constantly evolving Recursion OS spans target discovery through clinical development, enabling efficient molecule design and testing for both first-in-class and best-in-class opportunities
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•Breakthroughs in Foundation Models: We’ve developed both unimodal and multimodal AI models like Phenom, MolPhenix, and MolGPS that accelerate our ability to make high-confidence predictions in our therapeutics programs
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•Advancement in Causal AI Models: Through collaborations with Tempus and Helix, we integrate real-world, scaled patient datasets with our proprietary internal data to deepen biological insights and better match our therapeutic candidates with target populations
Previous report
•Emerging Focus on ClinTech: We are using AI and machine learning to optimize clinical trial design, accelerate patient enrollment, and enhance evidence generation through data-driven methodologies
Previous report
We noted the change in Exscientia plc’s (Exscientia) cash, cash equivalents and short term bank deposits from December 31, 2023 to November 20, 2024, the date of the close of the acquisition, was $184 million. There were no material financings during this period.
Previous report
The December 31, 2023 amounts from the above table are from Exscientia’s 20-F Annual Filing. We noted that Exscientia reported their results using International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) but that there are no IFRS to U.S. GAAP differences that would impact the measurement of Exscientia’s December 31, 2023 cash and cash equivalents and short term bank deposits amounts. We believe this information is useful to investors as it helps provide additional information on Exscientia’s liquidity prior and up-to the acquisition. We believe that it may provide a more complete understanding of the Company’s liquidity and can facilitate analysis of the Company’s results.
Previous report
Cash used by operating activities increased during the year ended December 31, 2023 as a result of an upfront payment of $150.0 million from our strategic partnership with Roche received during theyear ended December 31, 2022.
Previous report
Cash used by operating activities during theyear ended December 31, 2022 included an upfront payment of $150.0 million from our strategic partnership with Roche. That cash inflow was offset by cash used for cost of revenue, research and development and general and administrative expenses.
Previous report
Cash used by investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2023 consisted primarily of purchases of property and equipment of $12.0 million, which includes $1.7 million for a project to upgrade the BioHive supercomputer and lab equipment purchases. The cash used was partially offset by $1.8 million of net cash acquired in the acquisition of a business.
Previous report
Cash provided by investing activities during theyear ended December 31, 2022 was driven by sales and maturities of investments of $230.6 million, partially offset by the purchases of property and equipment of $37.1 million.
Previous report
Cash provided by financing activities during theyear ended December 31, 2022 primarily included $143.7 million of net proceeds from the 2022 Private Placement. Financing cash flows also included proceeds from equity incentive plans of $10.7 million.
Reworded paragraphs (23)
Previous wording
We were incorporated in November 2013. In April 2021, we closed our Initial Public Offering (IPO) and issued 27.9 million shares of Class A common stock at a price of $18.00 per share, raising net proceeds of$462.4 million. Prior to our IPO, we had raised$448.9 million in equity financing from investors in addition to$30.0 millionin an upfront payment from our collaboration with Bayer AG (Bayer). In January 2022, we received an upfront payment of$150.0 million from our collaboration with Roche. See Note 9, “Collaborative Development Contracts” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the collaboration with Roche. In October 2022, we issued 15.3 million shares of our Class A common stock at a purchase price of $9.80 per share in the 2022 private placement to qualified institutional buyers and institutional accredited investors for net proceeds of $143.7 million, after deducting fees and offering costs of $6.6 million. In July 2023, we issued an aggregate of 7.7 million shares of our Class A common stock at a purchase price of $6.49 per share in the 2023 Private Placement with NVIDIA Corporation for net proceeds of approximately $49.9 million. In August 2023, Recursion entered into an Open Market Sales Agreement with Jefferies LLC to provide for the offering, issuance and sale of up to an aggregate amount of $300.0 million of its Class A common stock of which $132.8 million remain available for future sales. The Company has sold approximately 9.9 million shares and received net proceeds of$84.0 million under the agreement. In June 2024, we issued an aggregate of 35.4 million shares of our Class A Common stock at a purchase price of $6.50 per share and received net proceeds of $216.4 million, after deducting transaction costs of $13.6 million. See Note 8, “Common Stock” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the public offering. In September 2024, we received a Phenomap acceptance fee of $30.0 million from our collaboration with Roche.
Current wording
Since 2023, our financing and operating activities include the following: In July 2023, we issued an aggregate of 7.7 million shares of our Class A common stock at a purchase price of $6.49 per share in the 2023 Private Placement with NVIDIA Corporation for net proceeds of approximately $49.9 million. In August 2023, Recursion entered into an Open Market Sales Agreement with Jefferies LLC to provide for the offering, issuance and sale of up to an aggregate amount of $300.0 million of its Class A Common stock. The Company sold 26.8 million shares and received net proceeds of $199.1 million under the agreement. In June 2024, we issued an aggregate of 35.4 million shares of our Class A Common stock at a purchase price of $6.50 per share and received net proceeds of $216.4 million, after deducting transaction costs of $13.6 million. See Note 8, “Common Stock” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the public offering. In September 2024, we received a Phenomap acceptance fee of $30.0 million from our collaboration with Roche. In February 2025, the Company terminated the Sales Agreement with Jefferies LLC and entered into a Sales Agreement with Citigroup Capital Markets Inc., to provide for the offering, issuance and sale of up to an aggregate amount of $500 million of its Class A common stock. For year ended December 31, 2025, the Company sold 99.9 million shares and received net proceeds of $491.7 million under the agreement. Pursuant to its terms, the Sales Agreement has completed and no amount remained available for future sales as of December 31, 2025. For the year ended December 31, 2025, we received multiple milestone payments related to our collaborative development contracts totaling $37.0 million.
Previous wording
We use the capital we have raised to fund operating and investing activities across platform research operations, drug discovery, clinical development, digital and other infrastructure, creation of our portfolio of intellectual property and administrative support. We do not have any products approved for commercial sale and have not generated any revenues from product sales. We had cash and cash equivalents of$594.3 millionas of December 31, 2024. Based on our current operating plan, we believe that our cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next twelve months.
Current wording
We use the capital we have raised to fund operating and investing activities across platform research operations, drug discovery, clinical development, digital and other infrastructure, creation of our portfolio of intellectual property and administrative support. We do not have any products approved for commercial sale and have not generated any revenues from product sales. Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash totaled $753.9 million as of December 31, 2025. Based on our current operating plan, we believe that our cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next twelve months.
Previous wording
Since inception, we have incurred significant operating losses. Our net losses were $463.7 million, $328.1 million and $239.5 million during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, our accumulated deficit was $1.4 billion.
Current wording
Since inception, we have incurred significant operating losses. Our net losses were $644.8 million, $463.7 million and $328.1 million during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, our accumulated deficit was $2.1 billion.
Previous wording
We anticipate that we will need to raise additional financing in the future to fund our operations, including the potential commercialization of any approved product candidates. Until such time, if ever, as we can generate significant product revenue, we expect to finance our operations with our existing cash and cash equivalents, any future equity or debt financings and upfront, milestone and royalty payments, if any, received under current or future license or collaboration agreements. We may not be able to raise additional capital on terms acceptable to us or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital when desired, our business, results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected.
Current wording
As of December 31, 2025, we did not have any unconditional outstanding commitments for additional funding. We anticipate that we will need to raise additional financing in the future to fund our operations, including the potential commercialization of any approved product candidates. Until such time, if ever, as we can generate significant product revenue, we expect to finance our operations with our existing cash and cash equivalents, any future equity or debt financings and upfront, milestone and royalty payments, if any, received under current or future license or collaboration agreements. We may not be able to raise additional capital on terms acceptable to us or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital when desired, our business, results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected.
Previous wording
For the year ended December 31, 2024, the increase in revenue compared to the prior year was due to revenue recognized from ourstrategic partnership with Roche. We recognized revenue related to the acceptance fee for the completion of a Phenomap for one of our neuroscience performance obligations. Prior to September 2024, the$30.0 million acceptance fee had been fully constrained. For theyear ended December 31, 2023, the increase in revenue compared to the prior year was due to revenue recognized from our partnership with Roche, which had progressed from primarily cell type evaluation work to inference-based Phenomap building and additional cell type evaluation work.
Current wording
For the year ended December 31, 2025, the increase in revenue compared to the prior year was due to revenue recognized from our partnership with Sanofi. In 2024, the Sanofi contract was included in Recursion’s results beginning on November 20, 2024, the date of the Exscientia combination and therefore the year ended December 31, 2024 results only included revenue starting at that point compared to a full year of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2025. See Note 9, “Collaborative Development Contracts” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. The increase related to the Sanofi contract was partially offset by a decrease in revenue recognized from Roche, which was due to the timing of our mix of work on the performance obligations. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the increase in revenue compared to the prior year was due to revenue recognized from our partnership with Roche. We recognized revenue related to the acceptance fee for the completion of a Phenomap for one of our neuroscience performance obligations. The consideration did not include the $30 million milestone until the map was accepted, which was during the third quarter of 2024.
Previous wording
Cost of revenue consists of the Company’s costs toprovide services for drug discovery required under performance obligations with partnership customers. These primarily include materials costs, service hours performed by our employees and depreciation of property and equipment.
Current wording
Cost of revenue consists of the Company’s costs to provide services for drug discovery required under performance obligations with partnership customers. These primarily include materials costs, service hours performed by our employees and depreciation of property and equipment.
Previous wording
For the year ended December 31, 2024, the increase in cost of revenue compared to the prior year was due to our Exscientia acquisition for which our results now also include additional customers. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the decrease incost of revenue compared to the prior year was due to our partnership with Bayer, for which less brute-force work was required. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the increase in cost of revenue compared to the prior year was due to our strategic partnerships.
Current wording
For the year ended December 31, 2025, the increase in cost of revenue compared to the prior year was due to our Exscientia acquisition for which the cost of revenue is now included for the full year. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the increase in cost of revenue compared to the prior year was due to our Exscientia acquisition for which our results now also include additional customers.
Previous wording
Significant components of research and development expense include the following allocated by development phase: Platform, which refers primarily to expenses related to screening of product candidates through hit identification; Discovery, which refers primarily to expenses related to hit identification through development of candidates; and Clinical, which refers primarily to expenses related to development of candidates and beyond.
Current wording
Significant components of research and development expense include the following allocated by development phase: Platform, which refers primarily to expenses related to screening of product candidates through hit identification, this also includes expenses related to Tempus records purchased; Discovery, which refers primarily to expenses related to hit identification through development of candidates; and Clinical, which refers primarily to expenses related to development of candidates and beyond.
Previous wording
For the year ended December 31, 2024, the increase in research and development expenses compared to the prior year wasdriven by our platform and personnel costs as we continue to expand and upgrade our platform, including our chemical technology, machine learning and transcriptomics platform.
Current wording
For the year ended December 31, 2024, the increase in research and development expenses compared to the prior year was driven by our platform and personnel costs as we continued to expand and upgrade our platform, including our chemical technology, machine learning and transcriptomics platform.
Previous wording
For the year ended December 31, 2024, the increase in general and administrative expense compared to the prior year was primarily driven by increases in salaries and wages of $21.1 million, transaction costs of$20.5 million and the inclusion of Exscientia’s results of$11.3 million. We also had increases in software and lease expense.
Current wording
For the year ended December 31, 2024, the increase in general and administrative expense compared to the prior year was primarily driven by an increase in salaries and wages of $21.1 million, transaction costs of $20.5 million and the inclusion of Exscientia’s results of $11.3 million. We also had increases in software and lease expense.
Previous wording
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the increase in other income compared to the prior year was driven by an increase in interest income related to earnings on cash and cash equivalents in money market funds.
Current wording
For the year ended December 31, 2025, the decrease in other income, net compared to the prior year related to our loss on disposal of Exscientia GmbH of $4.5 million and our Vienna lease termination fee of $5.2 million. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in interest income driven by our increase in earnings on cash and cash equivalents.
Previous wording
For the year ended December 31, 2024, thedecrease in interest income compared to the prior year related to a decrease in earnings on cash and cash equivalents in money market funds.
Current wording
For the year ended December 31, 2024, the decrease in other income, net compared to the prior year was related to a decrease in earnings on cash and cash equivalents in money market funds.
Previous wording
We have not yet commercialized any products and do not expect to generate revenue from the sales of any product candidates for at least several years. Cash and cash equivalents totaled $594.3 million and $391.6 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Current wording
We have not yet commercialized any products and do not expect to generate revenue from the sales of any product candidates for at least several years. Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash totaled $753.9 million and $603.0 million as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Previous wording
We have incurred operating losses and experienced negative operating cash flows and we anticipate that the Company will continue to incur losses for at least the foreseeable future. Our net loss was $463.7 million, $328.1 million and $239.5 million during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, we had an accumulated deficit of $1.4 billion.
Current wording
We have incurred operating losses and experienced negative operating cash flows and we anticipate that the Company will continue to incur losses for at least the foreseeable future. Our net loss was $644.8 million, $463.7 million and $328.1 million during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, we had an accumulated deficit of $2.1 billion.
Previous wording
We have financed our operations through the private placements of preferred stock and Class A common stock issuances. As of December 31, 2024, we have received net proceeds of $448.9 million from the sale of preferred stock and $1.0 billion from Class A common stock issuances. See Note 8, “Common Stock” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details on Class A common stock issuances. Additionally, as of December 31, 2024, we have received proceeds of $217.0 million from our strategic partnerships. See Note 9, “Collaborative Development Contracts” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details on our partnerships.
Current wording
Since 2023, we have financed our operations primarily through Class A common stock issuances. As of December 31, 2025, we have received net proceeds of $957.1 million from Class A common stock issuances. See Note 8, “Common Stock” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details on Class A common stock issuances. Additionally, since 2023, we have also received proceeds of $74.0 million from our strategic partnerships. See Note 9, “Collaborative Development Contracts” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details on the strategic partnerships.
Previous wording
Cash used by operating activities increased during the year ended December 31, 2024 as a result of higher costs incurred for research and development and general and administrative due to the Company’s expansion and upgraded capabilities. Additionally, cash used increased as a result of our acquisition of Exscientia. See Note 4, “Acquisitions” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.
Current wording
Cash used in operating activities increased during the year ended December 31, 2024 as a result of higher costs incurred for research and development and general and administrative due to the Company’s expansion and upgraded capabilities. Additionally, cash used increased as a result of our acquisition of Exscientia. See Note 4, “Acquisitions” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.
Previous wording
Cash provided by investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2024 consisted of $277.1 million as part of the Exscientia acquisition. This was partially offset by property and equipment purchases of $13.7 million, which included $2.9 million to upgrade the BioHive-2 supercomputer and lab equipment purchases. Additionally, investing activities includedthe purchase of an intangible asset of$3.0 million from Helix.
Current wording
Cash provided by investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2024 consisted of $277.1 million as part of the Exscientia acquisition. This was partially offset by property and equipment purchases of $13.7 million, which included $2.9 million to upgrade the BioHive-2 supercomputer and lab equipment purchases. Additionally, investing activities included the purchase of an intangible asset of $3.0 million from Helix.
Previous wording
Cash provided by financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2024 primarily included proceeds of $300.4 million from Class A common stock issuances related to our June 2024 public offering of Class A common stock and our at-the-market offering (ATM). Financing inflows also included proceeds from equity incentive plans of $8.1 million.
Current wording
Cash provided by financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2025 primarily included proceeds of $528.9 million from Class A common stock issuances related to our at-the-market offerings (ATMs) which was partially offset by our repayment of long-term debt and finance lease liabilities of $8.4 million.
Previous wording
Cash provided by financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2023 primarily included proceeds of $128.1 million from common stock issuances. Financing inflows also included proceeds from equity incentive plans of $12.8 million.
Current wording
Cash provided by financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2024 primarily included proceeds of $300.4 million from common stock issuances.
Previous wording
As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $27.4 million of debt outstanding. This balance is related to notes payable for tenant improvement allowances and the financing agreement for the supercomputer upgrade project. See Note 5, “Leases” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details on the supercomputer lease.
Current wording
As of December 31, 2025, the Company had $18.7 million of debt outstanding. This balance is related to notes payable for tenant improvement allowances and the supercomputer lease.
Previous wording
As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $101.2 million of future lease commitments. See Note 5 “Leases” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional detail on the Company’s leases.
Current wording
As of December 31, 2025, the Company had $72.7 million of future lease commitments. See Note 5 “Leases” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional detail on the Company’s leases.
Previous wording
As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $297.5 million of future purchase obligations, $149.9 million of which are expected to be payable within the next year. These commitments primarily related to third-party research services, materials and supplies for research and development activities.
Current wording
As of December 31, 2025, the Company had $147.4 million of future purchase obligations, $117.7 million of which are expected to be payable within the next year. These commitments primarily related to third-party research services, materials and supplies for research and development activities.
Previous wording
As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $53.7 million remaining of its Gates Foundation Private Placement Commitment. Concurrent with the Exscientia’s IPO on October 5, 2021, the Company completed a private placement to the Gates Foundation for the sale of 1,590,909 ADSs at the initial offering price of $22.00 per ADS, for gross proceeds of approximately $35.0 million. Under the terms of the Company’s agreement with the Gates Foundation, the Group is committed to spending $70.0 million over a multi-year period to the research, discovery, and development of small molecule anti-infective therapeutics for future pandemic preparedness, with a specific focus on developing therapeutics that can be applied against multiple species of coronaviridae, influenza, and paramyxoviridae (the “Pandemic Preparedness Program”). The Group had incurred $16.3 million relating to the Pandemic Preparedness Program as at December 31, 2024, with a total outstanding commitment of $53.7 million.
Current wording
As of December 31, 2025, the Company had $55.4 million remaining of its various Gates Commitments. The majority of this commitment is related to the private placement of the Gates Foundation. Concurrent with the Exscientia’s IPO on October 5, 2021, the Company completed a private placement to the Gates Foundation for the sale of 1.6 million ADSs at the initial offering price of $22.00 per ADS, for gross proceeds of approximately $35.0 million. Under the terms of the Company’s agreement with the Gates Foundation, the Group is committed to spending $70.0 million over a multi-year period to the research, discovery, and development of small molecule anti-infective therapeutics for future pandemic preparedness, with a specific focus on developing therapeutics that can be applied against multiple species of coronaviridae, influenza, and paramyxoviridae (the “Pandemic Preparedness Program”). The Group had incurred $21.7 million relating to the Pandemic Preparedness Program as at December 31, 2025.
Rearranged current paragraphs (1)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
For the year ended December 31, 2025, the decrease in general and administrative expense compared to the prior year was not significant.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (2)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the increase in research and development expenses compared to the prior year was primarily due to increased platform costs as we have expanded and upgraded our capabilities in platform including our chemical technology, machine learning and transcriptomics platform.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the increase in general and administrative expense compared to the prior year was primarily driven by an increase in salaries and wages of $12.4 million and increases in legal, software and depreciation expense.