MSC INCOME FUND, INC.

Previous wording

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements regarding the plans and objectives of management for future operations and which relate to future events or our future performance or financial condition. Any such forward-looking statements may involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by any forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements, which involve assumptions and describe our future plans, strategies and expectations, are generally identifiable by use of the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “intend” or “project” or the negative of these words or other variations on these words or comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements are based on assumptions that may be incorrect, and we cannot assure you that the projections included in these forward-looking statements will come to pass. Our actual results could differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including, without limitation, the factors referenced in Item 1A entitled “Risk Factors” below in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, if any, and discussed in Item 1A entitled “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 20, 2025 and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our other SEC filings. Other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include changes in the economy and future changes in laws or regulations and conditions in our operating areas.

Current wording

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements regarding the plans and objectives of management for future operations and which relate to future events or future performance or financial condition. Any such forward-looking statements may involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause MSC Income’s (as defined below) actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by any forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements, which involve assumptions and describe future plans, strategies and expectations, are generally identifiable by use of the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “intend” or “project” or the negative of these words or other variations on these words or comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements are based on assumptions that may be incorrect, and MSC Income cannot assure you that the projections included in these forward-looking statements will come to pass. MSC Income’s actual results could differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including, without limitation, the factors referenced in Item 1A entitled “Risk Factors” below in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, if any, and discussed in Item 1A entitled “Risk Factors” in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 20, 2025 and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and its other SEC filings. Other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include changes in the economy and future changes in laws or regulations and conditions in MSC Income’s operating areas.

Previous wording

We have based the forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q on information available to us on the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and we assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements, unless we are required to do so by applicable law. However, you are advised to refer to any additional disclosures that we may make directly to you or through reports that we in the future may file with the SEC, including subsequent periodic and current reports.

Current wording

MSC Income has based the forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q on information available to it on the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and assumes no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements, unless required to do so by applicable law. However, you are advised to refer to any additional disclosures that MSC Income may make directly to you or through reports that it in the future may file with the SEC, including subsequent periodic and current reports.

Previous wording

This discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2024, and for the year then ended, and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, both contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as well as the consolidated financial statements (unaudited) and notes to the consolidated financial statements (unaudited) contained in this report.

Current wording

This discussion should be read in conjunction with MSC Income’s consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2024, and for the year then ended, and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, both contained in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as well as the consolidated financial statements (unaudited) and notes to the consolidated financial statements (unaudited) contained in this report.

Previous wording

MSC Income Fund, Inc. (“MSIF” or, together with its consolidated subsidiaries, “MSC Income” or the “Company”) is a principal investment firm primarily focused on providing debt capital to private (“Private Loan”) companies owned by or in the process of being acquired by a private equity fund (its “Private Loan investment strategy”). MSC Income’s portfolio investments are typically made to support leveraged buyouts, recapitalizations, growth financings, refinancings and acquisitions of companies that operate in diverse industry sectors. MSC Income seeks to partner with private equity fund sponsors in its Private Loan investment strategy and primarily invests in secured debt investments of Private Loan companies generally headquartered in the United States.

Current wording

MSC Income Fund, Inc. (“MSIF” or, together with its consolidated subsidiaries, “MSC Income” or the “Fund”) is a principal investment firm primarily focused on providing debt capital to private (“Private Loan”) companies owned by or in the process of being acquired by a private equity fund (its “Private Loan investment strategy”). MSC Income’s portfolio investments are typically made to support leveraged buyouts, recapitalizations, growth financings, refinancings and acquisitions of companies that operate in diverse industry sectors. The Fund seeks to partner with private equity fund sponsors in its Private Loan investment strategy and primarily invests in secured debt investments of Private Loan companies generally headquartered in the United States.

Previous wording

MSC Income also maintains a portfolio of customized long-term debt and equity investments in lower middle market (“LMM”) companies (its “LMM investment portfolio”), and through those investments MSC Income has partnered with entrepreneurs, business owners and management teams in co-investments with Main Street Capital Corporation (“Main Street”), a New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) listed business development company (“BDC”), utilizing the customized “one-stop” debt and equity financing solutions provided in Main Street’s LMM investment strategy (the “LMM investment strategy”). Through the LMM investment strategy, MSC Income primarily invested in secured debt investments, equity investments, warrants and other securities of LMM companies typically based in the United States. Effective upon the MSC Income Listing (as defined below) on January 29, 2025, MSC Income changed its investment strategy for investments in new portfolio companies to be solely focused on its Private Loan investment strategy, rather than its historical focus primarily on its Private Loan investment strategy and secondarily on the LMM investment strategy (as further discussed below).

Current wording

MSC Income also maintains a portfolio of customized long-term debt and equity investments in lower middle market (“LMM”) companies (its “LMM investment portfolio”), and through those investments the Fund has partnered with entrepreneurs, business owners and management teams in co-investments with Main Street Capital Corporation (“Main Street”), a New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) listed business development company (“BDC”), utilizing the customized “one-stop” debt and equity financing solutions provided in Main Street’s LMM investment strategy (the “LMM investment strategy”). Through the LMM investment strategy, MSC Income primarily invested in secured debt investments, equity investments, warrants and other securities of LMM companies typically based in the United States. Effective upon the MSC Income Listing (as defined below) on January 29, 2025, MSC Income changed its investment strategy for investments in new portfolio companies to be solely focused on its Private Loan investment strategy, rather than its historical focus primarily on the Private Loan investment strategy and secondarily on the LMM investment strategy (as further discussed below).

Previous wording

Additionally, on December 16, 2024, in advance of the MSC Income Listing, the Company effectuated a 2-for-1 reverse stock split of its outstanding common stock pursuant to approval from the Board of Directors (the “Reverse Stock Split”). As a result of the Reverse Stock Split, every two shares of MSC Income’s issued and outstanding common stock were converted into one share of issued and outstanding common stock, without any change in the par value per share or the number of authorized shares of its common stock. Unless otherwise indicated, all figures in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q reflect the implementation of the Reverse Stock Split.

Current wording

On December 16, 2024, in advance of the MSC Income Listing, the Fund effectuated a 2-for-1 reverse stock split of its outstanding common stock pursuant to approval from the Board of Directors (the “Reverse Stock Split”). As a result of the Reverse Stock Split, every two shares of MSC Income’s issued and outstanding common stock were converted into one share of issued and outstanding common stock, without any change in the par value per share or the number of authorized shares of its common stock. Unless otherwise indicated, all figures in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q reflect the implementation of the Reverse Stock Split.

Previous wording

On January 29, 2025, in connection with the MSC Income Listing, MSC Income entered into an Amended and Restated Investment Advisory and Administrative Services Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”) with the Adviser. The Advisory Agreement was approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of MSC Income’s outstanding voting securities, as defined in the 1940 Act, at a special meeting of MSC Income’s stockholders held on December 11, 2024 (the “2025 Special Meeting”), effective upon the MSC Income Listing. In such role, the Adviser has the responsibility to manage the business of MSC Income, including the responsibility to identify, evaluate, negotiate and structure prospective investments, make investment and portfolio management decisions, monitor MSC Income’s Investment Portfolio and provide ongoing administrative services.

Current wording

On January 29, 2025, in connection with the MSC Income Listing, MSC Income entered into an Amended and Restated Investment Advisory and Administrative Services Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”) with the Adviser. The Advisory Agreement was approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of MSC Income’s outstanding voting securities, as defined in the 1940 Act, at a special meeting of MSC Income’s stockholders held on December 11, 2024 (the “2024 Special Meeting”), effective upon the MSC Income Listing. In such role, the Adviser has the responsibility to manage the business of MSC Income, including the responsibility to identify, evaluate, negotiate and structure prospective investments, make investment and portfolio management decisions, monitor its Investment Portfolio and provide ongoing administrative services.

Previous wording

On January 29, 2025, in connection with the MSC Income Listing, the Company amended and restated its Articles of Amendment and Restatement, as amended, by filing new Articles of Amendment and Restatement of the Company (the “New Articles”) with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of the State of Maryland. The New Articles revised the Company’s charter to, among other things, (i) include a provision that limits the transferability of shares of its common stock outstanding at the time of the MSC Income Listing during the 365-day period following the MSC Income Listing, (ii) reflect an amendment to delete provisions regarding restrictions and requirements applicable to its dividend reinvestment plan, (iii) reflect an amendment to delete provisions prohibiting acquisitions of assets in exchange for shares of its common stock and restricting certain transactions between the Company and the Adviser and its affiliates and (iv) delete certain provisions required by, and remove references to, the NASAA Guidelines in order to conform certain provisions of the Company’s charter more closely to provisions in the charters of other BDCs whose securities are listed and publicly-traded on a national securities exchange.

Current wording

On January 29, 2025, in connection with the MSC Income Listing, the Fund amended and restated its Articles of Amendment and Restatement, as amended, by filing new Articles of Amendment and Restatement of the Fund (the “New Articles”) with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of the State of Maryland. The New Articles revised the Fund’s charter to, among other things, (i) include a provision that limits the transferability of shares of its common stock outstanding at the time of the MSC Income Listing during the 365-day period following the MSC Income Listing, (ii) reflect an amendment to delete provisions regarding restrictions and requirements applicable to its dividend reinvestment plan, (iii) reflect an amendment to delete provisions prohibiting acquisitions of assets in exchange for shares of its common stock and restricting certain transactions between the Fund and the Adviser and its affiliates and (iv) delete certain provisions required by, and remove references to, the NASAA Guidelines in order to conform certain provisions of the Fund’s charter more closely to provisions in the charters of other BDCs whose securities are listed and publicly-traded on a national securities exchange.

Previous wording

On January 30, 2025, in connection with the MSC Income Listing, MSC Income closed a follow-on public offering of 5,500,000 shares of its common stock, at the public offering price of $15.53 per share. In addition, on February 3, 2025, MSC Income issued and sold 825,000 additional shares of its common stock, at the public offering price of $15.53 per share, pursuant to the underwriters’ full exercise of their overallotment option (together with the offering and sale of the 5,500,000 shares, the “MSC Income Offering”). Net of underwriting discounts and commissions and offering costs, MSC Income received net cash proceeds of $90.5 million in connection with the MSC Income Offering.

Current wording

On January 30, 2025, in connection with the MSC Income Listing, MSC Income closed a follow-on public offering of 5,500,000 shares of its common stock, at the public offering price of $15.53 per share. In addition, on February 3, 2025, MSC Income issued and sold 825,000 additional shares of its common stock, at the public offering price of $15.53 per share, pursuant to the underwriters’ full exercise of their overallotment option (together with the offering and sale of the 5,500,000 shares, the “MSC Income Offering”). Net of underwriting discounts and commissions and offering costs, the Fund received net cash proceeds of $90.5 million in connection with the MSC Income Offering.

Previous wording

Unless otherwise noted or the context otherwise indicates, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company” and “MSC Income” refer to MSIF and its consolidated subsidiaries, which include the Taxable Subsidiaries and the Structured Subsidiaries.

Current wording

Unless otherwise noted or the context otherwise indicates, the terms “MSC Income” and the “Fund” refer to MSIF and its consolidated subsidiaries, which include the Taxable Subsidiaries and the Structured Subsidiaries.

Previous wording

Our principal investment objective is to maximize our Investment Portfolio’s total return, primarily by generating current income from our debt investments and, to a lesser extent, by generating current income and capital appreciation from our equity and equity-related investments, including warrants, convertible securities and other rights to acquire equity securities in a portfolio company. We seek to achieve our investment objective primarily through our Private Loan investment strategy and our LMM investment portfolio. Our Private Loan investment strategy involves investments in companies that generally have annual revenues between $25 million and $500 million and annual earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization expenses (“EBITDA”) between $7.5 million and $50 million. Our LMM investment portfolio consists of investments in companies that generally have annual revenues between $10 million and $150 million and annual EBITDA between $3 million and $20 million. Our Private Loan and LMM investments generally range in size from $1 million to $30 million.

Current wording

MSC Income’s principal investment objective is to maximize its Investment Portfolio’s total return, primarily by generating current income from debt investments and, to a lesser extent, by generating current income and capital appreciation from equity and equity-related investments, including warrants, convertible securities and other rights to acquire equity securities in a portfolio company. MSC Income seeks to achieve its investment objective primarily through its Private Loan investment strategy and its LMM investment portfolio. MSC Income’s Private Loan investment strategy involves investments in companies that generally have annual revenues between $25 million and $500 million and annual earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization expenses (“EBITDA”) between $7.5 million and $50 million. MSC Income’s LMM investment portfolio consists of investments in companies that generally have annual revenues between $10 million and $150 million and annual EBITDA between $3 million and $20 million. MSC Income’s Private Loan and LMM investments generally range in size from $1 million to $30 million.

Previous wording

Private Loan investments primarily consist of debt securities that have primarily been originated directly by our Adviser or, to a lesser extent, through our Adviser’s strategic relationships with other investment funds on a collaborative basis through investments that are often referred to in the debt markets as “club deals” because of the small lender group size. In both cases, our Private Loan investments are typically made in a company owned by or in the process of being acquired by a private equity fund. Our Private Loan portfolio debt investments are generally secured by a first priority lien on the assets of the portfolio company and typically have a term of between three and seven years from the original investment date. We may also co-invest with Main Street and the private equity funds in the equity securities of our Private Loan portfolio companies.

Current wording

Private Loan investments primarily consist of debt securities that have primarily been originated directly by the Adviser or, to a lesser extent, through the Adviser’s strategic relationships with other investment funds on a collaborative basis through investments that are often referred to in the debt markets as “club deals” because of the small lender group size. In both cases, MSC Income’s Private Loan investments are typically made in a company owned by or in the process of being acquired by a private equity fund. The Fund’s Private Loan portfolio debt investments are generally secured by a first priority lien on the assets of the portfolio company and typically have a term of between three and seven years from the original investment date. The Fund may also co-invest with Main Street and the private equity fund in the equity securities of its Private Loan portfolio companies.

Previous wording

We have also historically sought to fill the financing gap for LMM businesses, which, historically, have had limited access to financing from commercial banks and other traditional sources. The underserved nature of the LMM created the opportunity for us to meet the financing needs of LMM companies while also negotiating favorable transaction terms and equity participation. Our ability to invest across a company’s capital structure, from secured loans to equity securities, allowed us to offer portfolio companies a comprehensive suite of financing options, or a “one-stop” financing solutions. Our LMM portfolio debt investments are generally secured by a first lien on the assets of the portfolio company and typically have a term of between five and seven years from the original investment date.

Current wording

MSC Income has also historically sought to fill the financing gap for LMM businesses, which, historically, have had limited access to financing from commercial banks and other traditional sources. The underserved nature of the LMM created the opportunity for MSC Income to meet the financing needs of LMM companies while also negotiating favorable transaction terms and equity participation. MSC Income’s ability to invest across a company’s capital structure, from secured loans to equity securities, allowed it to offer portfolio companies a comprehensive suite of financing options, or a “one-stop” financing solutions. MSC Income’s LMM portfolio debt investments are generally secured by a first lien on the assets of the portfolio company and typically have a term of between five and seven years from the original investment date.

Previous wording

In connection with the MSC Income Listing, our Board of Directors and the Adviser decided to change our investment strategy with respect to new platform investments to be solely focused on our Private Loan investment strategy. As a result, the size of our LMM investment portfolio is expected to decrease over time as our existing LMM investments are repaid or sold in the ordinary course of business. We do, however, plan to continue executing follow-on investments in our existing LMM portfolio companies going forward in accordance with our existing SEC order for co-investment exemptive relief.

Current wording

In connection with the MSC Income Listing, the Fund’s Board of Directors and the Adviser decided to change its investment strategy with respect to new platform investments to be solely focused on the Fund’s Private Loan investment strategy. As a result, the size of the Fund’s LMM investment portfolio is expected to decrease over time as its existing LMM investments are repaid or sold in the ordinary course of business. The Fund does, however, plan to continue executing follow-on investments in its existing LMM portfolio companies going forward in accordance with its existing SEC order for co-investment exemptive relief.

Previous wording

Our Middle Market investments are generally debt investments in companies owned by private equity funds that were originally issued through a syndication financing process. We have generally stopped making new Middle Market investments and expect the size of our Middle Market investment portfolio to continue to decline in future periods as existing Middle Market investments are repaid or sold. Our Middle Market debt investments generally range in size from $1 million to $20 million, are generally secured by a first priority lien on the assets of the portfolio company and typically have an expected duration of between three and seven years from the original investment date.

Current wording

MSC Income’s Middle Market investments are generally debt investments in companies owned by a private equity fund that were originally issued through a syndication financing process. MSC Income has generally stopped making new Middle Market investments and expects the size of its Middle Market investment portfolio to continue to decline in future periods as existing Middle Market investments are repaid or sold. MSC Income’s Middle Market debt investments generally range in size from $1 million to $20 million, are generally secured by a first priority lien on the assets of the portfolio company and typically have an expected duration of between three and seven years from the original investment date.

Previous wording

Our Other Portfolio investments primarily consist of investments that are not consistent with the typical profiles for our Private Loan, LMM or Middle Market portfolio investments, including investments in unaffiliated investment companies and private funds managed by third parties. In our Other Portfolio, we may incur indirect fees and expenses to third party managers. Similar to our Middle Market investments, we have generally stopped making new Other Portfolio investments and expect the size of our Other Portfolio to continue to decline in future periods as existing Other Portfolio investments are repaid or sold.

Current wording

MSC Income’s Other Portfolio investments primarily consist of investments that are not consistent with the typical profiles for its Private Loan, LMM or Middle Market portfolio investments, including investments in unaffiliated investment companies and private funds managed by third parties. In the Fund’s Other Portfolio, it may incur indirect fees and expenses to third party managers. Similar to MSC Income’s Middle Market investments, the Fund has generally stopped making new Other Portfolio investments and expects the size of its Other Portfolio to continue to decline in future periods as existing Other Portfolio investments are repaid or sold.

Previous wording

Subject to changes in our cash and overall liquidity, we may in the future invest in short-term portfolio investments that are atypical of our Private Loan and LMM portfolio investments in that they would be intended to be a short-term deployment of capital. These assets would be expected to be realized in one year or less and would not be expected to be a significant portion of our total investments.

Current wording

Subject to changes in MSC Income’s cash and overall liquidity, it may in the future invest in short-term portfolio investments that are atypical of its Private Loan and LMM portfolio investments in that they would be intended to be a short-term deployment of capital. These assets would be expected to be realized in one year or less and would not be expected to be a significant portion of MSC Income’s total investments.

Previous wording

Our portfolio investments are generally made through MSIF, the Taxable Subsidiaries and the Structured Subsidiaries. MSIF, the Taxable Subsidiaries and the Structured Subsidiaries share the same investment strategies and criteria. An investor’s return in MSIF will depend, in part, on the Taxable Subsidiaries’ and the Structured Subsidiaries’ investment returns as they are wholly-owned subsidiaries of MSIF.

Current wording

MSC Income’s portfolio investments are generally made through MSIF, the Taxable Subsidiaries and the Structured Subsidiaries. MSIF, the Taxable Subsidiaries and the Structured Subsidiaries share the same investment strategies and criteria. An investor’s return in MSIF will depend, in part, on the Taxable Subsidiaries’ and the Structured Subsidiaries’ investment returns as they are wholly-owned subsidiaries of MSIF.

Previous wording

The level of new portfolio investment activity will fluctuate from period to period based upon our view of the current economic fundamentals, our ability to identify new investment opportunities that meet our investment criteria, and our ability to consummate the identified opportunities and our available liquidity. The level of new investment activity, and associated interest and fee income, will directly impact future investment income. In addition, the level of dividends paid by portfolio companies and the portion of our portfolio debt investments on non-accrual status will directly impact future investment income. While we intend to grow our portfolio and our investment income over the long term, our growth and our operating results may be more limited during depressed economic periods. However, we intend to appropriately manage our cost structure and liquidity position based on applicable economic conditions and our investment outlook. The level of realized gains or losses and unrealized appreciation or depreciation on our investments will also fluctuate depending upon portfolio activity, economic conditions and the performance of our individual portfolio companies. The changes in realized gains and losses and unrealized appreciation or depreciation could have a material impact on our operating results.

Current wording

The level of new portfolio investment activity will fluctuate from period to period based upon MSC Income’s view of the current economic fundamentals, its ability to identify new investment opportunities that meet its investment criteria, and its ability to consummate the identified opportunities and its available liquidity. The level of new investment activity, and associated interest and fee income, will directly impact future investment income. In addition, the level of dividends paid by portfolio companies and the portion of the Fund’s portfolio debt investments on non-accrual status will directly impact future investment income. While MSC Income intends to grow its portfolio and its investment income over the long term, growth and operating results may be more limited during depressed economic periods. However, the Fund intends to appropriately manage its cost structure and liquidity position based on applicable economic conditions and investment outlook. The level of realized gains or losses and unrealized appreciation or depreciation on investments will also fluctuate depending upon portfolio activity, economic conditions and the performance of individual portfolio companies. The changes in realized gains and losses and unrealized appreciation or depreciation could have a material impact on the Fund’s operating results.

Previous wording

We have received an exemptive order from the SEC permitting co-investments among us, Main Street and other advisory clients of our Adviser in certain negotiated transactions where co-investing would otherwise be prohibited under the 1940 Act. We have made co-investments with, and in the future intend to continue to make co-investments with Main Street and other advisory clients of our Adviser, in accordance with the conditions of the order. The order requires, among other things, that Main Street and our Adviser consider whether each such investment opportunity is appropriate for us, Main Street and the other advisory clients of our Adviser, as applicable, and if it is appropriate, to propose an allocation of the investment opportunity between such parties. Because our Adviser is wholly-owned by Main Street and is not managing our investment activities as its sole activity, this may provide our Adviser an incentive to allocate opportunities to Main Street or its other advisory clients instead of us. However, both we and our Adviser have policies and procedures in place to manage this conflict, including approval of investment allocations and oversight of co-investments by the independent members of our Board of Directors. In addition to the co-investment program described above, we also co-invest in syndicated deals and other transactions where price is the only negotiated point by us and our affiliates.

Current wording

MSC Income has received an exemptive order from the SEC permitting co-investments among it, Main Street and other advisory clients of the Adviser in certain negotiated transactions where co-investing would otherwise be prohibited under the 1940 Act. MSC Income has made co-investments with, and in the future intend to continue to make co-investments with Main Street and other advisory clients of the Adviser, in accordance with the conditions of the order. The order requires, among other things, that Main Street and the Adviser consider whether each such investment opportunity is appropriate for MSC Income, Main Street and the other advisory clients of the Adviser, as applicable, and if it is appropriate, to propose an allocation of the investment opportunity between such parties. Because the Adviser is wholly-owned by Main Street and is not managing MSC Income’s investment activities as its sole activity, this may provide the Adviser an incentive to allocate opportunities to Main Street or its other advisory clients instead of MSC Income. However, both MSC Income and the Adviser have policies and procedures in place to manage this conflict, including approval of investment allocations and oversight of co-investments by the independent members of MSC Income’s Board of Directors. In addition to the co-investment program described above, MSC Income also co-invests in certain investments transactions where price is the only negotiated point by the Fund and its affiliates.

Previous wording

The following tables provide a summary of our investments in the Private Loan and LMM portfolios as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (this information excludes Middle Market and Other Portfolio investments, which are discussed further below).

Current wording

The following tables provide a summary of investments in the Private Loan and LMM portfolios as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (this information excludes Middle Market and Other Portfolio investments, which are discussed further below).

Previous wording

(a)As of March 31, 2025, we had equity ownership in all of our LMM portfolio companies, and the average fully diluted equity ownership in those portfolio companies was 9%.

Current wording

(a)As of June 30, 2025, MSC Income had equity ownership in all of its LMM portfolio companies, and the average fully diluted equity ownership in those portfolio companies was 9%.

Previous wording

(b)The weighted-average annual effective yields were computed using the effective interest rates for all debt investments as of March 31, 2025, including amortization of deferred debt origination fees and accretion of original issue discount but excluding fees payable upon repayment of the debt instruments and any debt investments on non-accrual status, and are weighted based upon the principal amount of each applicable debt investment as of March 31, 2025. The weighted-average annual effective yield on our debt portfolio as of March 31, 2025, including debt investments on non-accrual status, was 10.9% for our Private Loan portfolio and 12.2% for our LMM portfolio. The weighted-average annual effective yield is not reflective of what an investor in shares of our common stock will realize on its investment because it does not reflect changes in the market value of our stock, our utilization of debt capital in our capital structure, our expenses or any sales load paid by an investor.

Current wording

(b)The weighted-average annual effective yields were computed using the effective interest rates for all debt investments as of June 30, 2025, including amortization of deferred debt origination fees and accretion of original issue discount but excluding fees payable upon repayment of the debt instruments and any debt investments on non-accrual status, and are weighted based upon the principal amount of each applicable debt investment as of June 30, 2025. The weighted-average annual effective yield on the Fund’s debt portfolio as of June 30, 2025, including debt investments on non-accrual status, was 10.4% for the Private Loan portfolio and 12.2% for the LMM portfolio. The weighted- average annual effective yield is not reflective of what an investor in shares of the Fund’s common stock will realize on its investment because it does not reflect changes in the market value of the stock, the utilization of debt capital in its capital structure, its expenses or any sales load paid by an investor.

Previous wording

(c)The average EBITDA is calculated using a weighted-average for the Private Loan portfolio and a simple average for the LMM portfolio. These calculations exclude certain portfolio companies, including four Private Loan portfolio companies and four LMM portfolio companies, as EBITDA is not a meaningful valuation metric for our investments in these portfolio companies, and those portfolio companies whose primary purpose is to own real estate and those portfolio companies whose primary operations have ceased and only residual value remains.

Current wording

(c)The average EBITDA is calculated using a weighted-average for the Private Loan portfolio and a simple average for the LMM portfolio. These calculations exclude certain portfolio companies, including four Private Loan portfolio companies and four LMM portfolio companies, as EBITDA is not a meaningful valuation metric for the Fund’s investments in these portfolio companies, and those portfolio companies whose primary purpose is to own real estate and those portfolio companies whose primary operations have ceased and only residual value remains.

Previous wording

(a)As of December 31, 2024, we had equity ownership in all of our LMM portfolio companies, and the average fully diluted equity ownership in those portfolio companies was 9%.

Current wording

(a)As of December 31, 2024, MSC Income had equity ownership in all of its LMM portfolio companies, and the average fully diluted equity ownership in those portfolio companies was 9%.

Previous wording

(b)The weighted-average annual effective yields were computed using the effective interest rates for all debt investments as of December 31, 2024, including amortization of deferred debt origination fees and accretion of original issue discount but excluding fees payable upon repayment of the debt instruments and any debt investments on non-accrual status, and are weighted based upon the principal amount of each applicable debt investment as of December 31, 2024. The weighted-average annual effective yield on our debt portfolio as of December 31, 2024, including debt investments on non-accrual status, was 11.4% for our Private Loan portfolio and 12.2% for our LMM portfolio. The weighted-average annual effective yield is not reflective of what an investor in shares of our common stock will realize on its investment because it does not reflect our utilization of debt capital in our capital structure, our expenses or any sales load paid by an investor.

Current wording

(b)The weighted-average annual effective yields were computed using the effective interest rates for all debt investments as of December 31, 2024, including amortization of deferred debt origination fees and accretion of original issue discount but excluding fees payable upon repayment of the debt instruments and any debt investments on non-accrual status, and are weighted based upon the principal amount of each applicable debt investment as of December 31, 2024. The weighted-average annual effective yield on the Fund’s debt portfolio as of December 31, 2024, including debt investments on non-accrual status, was 11.4% for the Private Loan portfolio and 12.2% for the LMM portfolio. The weighted-average annual effective yield is not reflective of what an investor in shares of the Fund’s common stock will realize on its investment because it does not reflect the utilization of debt capital in its capital structure, its expenses or any sales load paid by an investor.

Previous wording

(c)The average EBITDA is calculated using a weighted-average for the Private Loan portfolio and a simple average for the LMM portfolio. These calculations exclude certain portfolio companies, including two Private Loan portfolio companies and three LMM portfolio companies, as EBITDA is not a meaningful valuation metric for our investments in these portfolio companies, and those portfolio companies whose primary purpose is to own real estate and those portfolio companies whose primary operations have ceased and only residual value remains.

Current wording

(c)The average EBITDA is calculated using a weighted-average for the Private Loan portfolio and a simple average for the LMM portfolio. These calculations exclude certain portfolio companies, including two Private Loan portfolio companies and three LMM portfolio companies, as EBITDA is not a meaningful valuation metric for the Fund’s investments in these portfolio companies, and those portfolio companies whose primary purpose is to own real estate and those portfolio companies whose primary operations have ceased and only residual value remains.

Previous wording

For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we achieved an annualized total return on investments of 10.6% and 11.8%, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2024, we achieved a total return on investments of 12.4%. Total return on investments is calculated using the interest, dividend and fee income, as well as the realized and unrealized change in fair value of the Investment Portfolio for the specified period. Our total return on investments is not reflective of what an investor in shares of our common stock will realize on its investment because it does not reflect changes in the market value of our stock, our utilization of debt capital in our capital structure, our expenses or any sales load paid by an investor.

Current wording

For the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, MSC Income achieved an annualized total return on investments of 12.2% and 15.1%, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Fund achieved an annualized total return on investments of 11.5% and 13.4%, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2024, MSC Income achieved a total return on investments of 12.4%. Total return on investments is calculated using the interest, dividend and fee income, as well as the realized and unrealized change in fair value of the Investment Portfolio for the specified period. The Fund’s total return on investments is not reflective of what an investor in shares of its common stock will realize on its investment because it does not reflect changes in the market value of the stock, the utilization of debt capital in its capital structure, its expenses or any sales load paid by an investor.

Previous wording

As of March 31, 2025, we had Middle Market portfolio investments in eight portfolio companies, collectively totaling $30.8 million in fair value and $40.6 million in cost basis, which comprised 2.4% and 3.4% of our Investment Portfolio at fair value and cost, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, we had Middle Market Portfolio investments in ten portfolio companies, collectively totaling $39.4 million in fair value and $66.3 million in cost basis, which comprised 3.3% and 5.8% of our Investment Portfolio at fair value and cost, respectively.

Current wording

As of June 30, 2025, MSC Income had Middle Market portfolio investments in eight portfolio companies, collectively totaling $29.3 million in fair value and $40.1 million in cost basis, which comprised 2.4% and 3.4% of the Investment Portfolio at fair value and cost, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, MSC Income had Middle Market portfolio investments in ten portfolio companies, collectively totaling $39.4 million in fair value and $66.3 million in cost basis, which comprised 3.3% and 5.8% of the Investment Portfolio at fair value and cost, respectively.

Previous wording

As of March 31, 2025, we had Other Portfolio investments in six entities, spread across four investment managers, collectively totaling $22.6 million in fair value and $16.5 million in cost basis, which comprised 1.8% and 1.4% of our Investment Portfolio at fair value and cost, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, we had Other Portfolio investments in six entities, spread across four investment managers, collectively totaling $24.1 million in fair value and $17.9 million in cost basis, which comprised 2.0% and 1.6% of our Investment Portfolio at fair value and cost, respectively.

Current wording

As of June 30, 2025, MSC Income had Other Portfolio investments in six entities, spread across four investment managers, collectively totaling $16.2 million in fair value and $14.9 million in cost basis, each of which comprised 1.3% of the Investment Portfolio at fair value and cost. As of December 31, 2024, MSC Income had Other Portfolio investments in six entities, spread across four investment managers, collectively totaling $24.1 million in fair value and $17.9 million in cost basis, which comprised 2.0% and 1.6% of the Investment Portfolio at fair value and cost, respectively.

Previous wording

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and revenues and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. Critical accounting policies are those that require management to make subjective or complex judgments about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in subsequent periods. Changes that may be required in the underlying assumptions or estimates in these areas could have a material impact on our current and future financial condition and results of operations.

Current wording

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and revenues and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. Critical accounting policies are those that require management to make subjective or complex judgments about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in subsequent periods. Changes that may be required in the underlying assumptions or estimates in these areas could have a material impact on MSC Income’s current and future financial condition and results of operations.

Previous wording

Management has discussed the development and selection of each critical accounting policy and estimate with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. Our critical accounting policies and estimates include the Investment Portfolio Valuation and Revenue Recognition policies described below. Our significant accounting policies are described in greater detail in Note B — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Current wording

Management has discussed the development and selection of each critical accounting policy and estimate with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. MSC Income’s critical accounting policies and estimates include the Investment Portfolio Valuation and Revenue Recognition policies described below. MSC Income’s significant accounting policies are described in greater detail in Note B — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Previous wording

The most significant determination inherent in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements is the valuation of our Investment Portfolio and the related amounts of unrealized appreciation and depreciation. We consider this determination to be a critical accounting estimate, given the significant judgments and subjective measurements required. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, our Investment Portfolio valued at fair value represented 95% and 96%, respectively, of our total assets. We are required to report our investments at fair value. We follow the provisions of FASB ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”). ASC 820 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, establishes a fair value hierarchy based on the quality of inputs used to measure fair value and enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. ASC 820 requires us to assume that the portfolio investment is to be sold in the principal market to independent market participants, which may be a hypothetical market. Market participants are defined as buyers and sellers in the principal market that are independent, knowledgeable and willing and able to transact. See Note B.1. — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Valuation of the Investment Portfolio included in Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a detailed discussion of our Investment Portfolio valuation process and procedures.

Current wording

The most significant determination inherent in the preparation of MSC Income’s consolidated financial statements is the valuation of the Investment Portfolio and the related amounts of unrealized appreciation and depreciation. The Fund considers this determination to be a critical accounting estimate, given the significant judgments and subjective measurements required. As of both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Fund’s Investment Portfolio valued at fair value represented 96% of total assets. MSC Income is required to report its investments at fair value. The Fund follows the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”). ASC 820 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, establishes a fair value hierarchy based on the quality of inputs used to measure fair value and enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. ASC 820 requires the Fund to assume that the portfolio investment is to be sold in the principal market to independent market participants, which may be a hypothetical market. Market participants are defined as buyers and sellers in the principal market that are independent, knowledgeable and willing and able to transact. See Note B.1. — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Valuation of the Investment Portfolio included in Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a detailed discussion of the Fund’s Investment Portfolio valuation process and procedures.

Previous wording

Due to the inherent uncertainty in the valuation process, our determination of fair value for our Investment Portfolio may differ materially from the values that would have been determined had a ready market for the securities existed. In addition, changes in the market environment, portfolio company performance and other events that may occur over the lives of the investments may cause the gains or losses ultimately realized on these investments to be materially different than the valuations currently assigned. We determine the fair value of each individual investment and record changes in fair value as unrealized appreciation or depreciation.

Current wording

Due to the inherent uncertainty in the valuation process, MSC Income’s determination of fair value for the Investment Portfolio may differ materially from the values that would have been determined had a ready market for the securities existed. In addition, changes in the market environment, portfolio company performance and other events that may occur over the lives of the investments may cause the gains or losses ultimately realized on these investments to be materially different than the valuations currently assigned. MSC Income determines the fair value of each individual investment and record changes in fair value as unrealized appreciation or depreciation.

Previous wording

Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act permits a BDC’s board of directors to designate its executive officers or investment adviser as a valuation designee to determine the fair value for its investment portfolio, subject to the active oversight of the board. Our Board of Directors has approved policies and procedures pursuant to Rule 2a-5 (the “Valuation Procedures”) and has designated our Adviser, led by a group of Main Street’s and our Adviser’s executive officers, to serve as the Board of Directors’ valuation designee. We believe our Investment Portfolio as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 approximates fair value as of those dates based on the markets in which we operate and other conditions in existence on those reporting dates.

Current wording

Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act permits a BDC’s board of directors to designate its executive officers or investment adviser as a valuation designee to determine the fair value for its investment portfolio, subject to the active oversight of the board. MSC Income’s Board of Directors has approved policies and procedures pursuant to Rule 2a-5 (the “Valuation Procedures”) and has designated the Adviser, led by a group of Main Street’s and the Adviser’s executive officers, to serve as the Board of Directors’ valuation designee. MSC Income believes the Investment Portfolio as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 approximates fair value as of those dates based on the markets in which the Fund operates and other conditions in existence on those reporting dates.

Previous wording

We record interest and dividend income on the accrual basis to the extent amounts are expected to be collected. Dividend income is recorded as dividends are declared by the portfolio company or at the point an obligation exists for the portfolio company to make a distribution. We evaluate accrued interest and dividend income periodically for collectability. When a loan or debt security becomes 90 days or more past due, and if we otherwise do not expect the debtor to be able to service its debt obligation, we will generally place the loan or debt security on non-accrual status and cease recognizing interest income on that loan or debt security until the borrower has demonstrated the ability and intent to pay contractual amounts due. If a loan or debt security’s status significantly improves regarding the debtor’s ability to service the debt obligation, or if a loan or debt security is sold or written off, we remove it from non-accrual status.

Current wording

MSC Income records interest and dividend income on the accrual basis to the extent amounts are expected to be collected. Dividend income is recorded as dividends are declared by the portfolio company or at the point an obligation exists for the portfolio company to make a distribution. The Fund evaluates accrued interest and dividend income periodically for collectability. When a loan or debt security becomes 90 days or more past due, and if the Fund otherwise does not expect the debtor to be able to service its debt obligation, it will generally place the loan or debt security on non-accrual status and cease recognizing interest income on that loan or debt security until the borrower has demonstrated the ability and intent to pay contractual amounts due. If a loan or debt security’s status significantly improves regarding the debtor’s ability to service the debt obligation, or if a loan or debt security is sold or written off, the Fund removes it from non-accrual status.

Previous wording

We may periodically provide services, including structuring and advisory services to our portfolio companies or other third parties. For services that are separately identifiable and evidence exists to substantiate fair value, fee income is recognized as earned, which is generally when the investment or other applicable transaction closes. Fees received in connection with debt financing transactions for services that do not meet these criteria are treated as debt origination fees and are generally deferred and accreted into income over the life of the financing.

Current wording

MSC Income may periodically provide services, including structuring and advisory services to portfolio companies or other third parties. For services that are separately identifiable and evidence exists to substantiate fair value, fee income is recognized as earned, which is generally when the investment or other applicable transaction closes. Fees received in connection with debt financing transactions for services that do not meet these criteria are treated as debt origination fees and are generally deferred and accreted into income over the life of the financing.

Previous wording

We hold certain debt and preferred equity instruments in our Investment Portfolio that contain PIK interest and cumulative dividend provisions. The PIK interest, computed at the contractual rate specified in each debt agreement, is periodically added to the principal balance of the debt and is recorded as interest income. Thus, the actual collection of this interest may be deferred until the time of debt principal repayment. Cumulative dividends are recorded as dividend income, and any dividends in arrears are added to the balance of the preferred equity investment. The actual collection of these dividends in arrears may be deferred until such time as the preferred equity is redeemed or sold. To maintain RIC tax treatment (as discussed in Note B.8. — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Income Taxes included in Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q), these non-cash sources of income may need to be paid out to stockholders in the form of distributions, even though we may not have collected the PIK interest and cumulative dividends in cash. We stop accruing PIK interest and cumulative dividends and write off any accrued and uncollected interest and dividends in arrears when we determine that such PIK interest and dividends in arrears are no longer collectible. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, (i) 5.8% and 4.5%, respectively, of our total investment income was attributable to PIK interest income not paid currently in cash and (ii) 0.2% and 0.1%, respectively, of our total investment income was attributable to cumulative dividend income not paid currently in cash.

Current wording

MSC Income holds certain debt and preferred equity instruments in its Investment Portfolio that contain PIK interest and cumulative dividend provisions. The PIK interest, computed at the contractual rate specified in each debt agreement, is periodically added to the principal balance of the debt and is recorded as interest income. Thus, the actual collection of this interest may be deferred until the time of debt principal repayment. Cumulative dividends are recorded as dividend income, and any dividends in arrears are added to the balance of the preferred equity investment. The actual collection of these dividends in arrears may be deferred until such time as the preferred equity is redeemed or sold. To maintain RIC tax treatment (as discussed in Note B.8. — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Income Taxes included in Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q), these non-cash sources of income may need to be paid out to stockholders in the form of distributions, even though MSC Income may not have collected the PIK interest and cumulative dividends in cash. MSC Income stops accruing PIK interest and cumulative dividends and write off any accrued and uncollected interest and dividends in arrears when it determines that such PIK interest and dividends in arrears are no longer collectible. For the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, (i) 5.3% and 5.0%, respectively, of MSC Income’s total investment income was attributable to PIK interest income not paid currently in cash and (ii) 1.5% and 0.1%, respectively, of MSC Income’s total investment income was attributable to cumulative dividend income not paid currently in cash. For the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, (i) 5.5% and 4.7%, respectively, of MSC Income’s total investment income was attributable to PIK interest income not paid currently in cash and (ii) 0.9% and 0.1%, respectively, of MSC Income’s total investment income was attributable to cumulative dividend income not paid currently in cash.

Previous wording

The following tables summarize the composition of our total combined Private Loan, LMM and Middle Market portfolio investments at cost and fair value by type of investment as a percentage of the total combined Private Loan, LMM and Middle Market portfolio investments as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (this information excludes Other Portfolio investments).

Current wording

The following tables summarize the composition of MSC Income’s total combined Private Loan, LMM and Middle Market portfolio investments at cost and fair value by type of investment as a percentage of the total combined Private Loan, LMM and Middle Market portfolio investments as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (this information excludes Other Portfolio investments, which are discussed above).

Previous wording

Our Private Loan, LMM and Middle Market portfolio investments carry a number of risks including: (1) investing in companies which may have limited operating histories and financial resources; (2) holding investments that generally are not publicly traded and which may be subject to legal and other restrictions on resale; and (3) other risks common to investing in below investment-grade debt and equity investments in our Investment Portfolio. Please see Item 1A. Risk Factors — Risks Related to our Investments contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 for a more complete discussion of the risks involved with investing in our Investment Portfolio.

Current wording

The Fund’s Private Loan, LMM and Middle Market portfolio investments carry a number of risks including: (1) investing in companies which may have limited operating histories and financial resources; (2) holding investments that generally are not publicly traded and which may be subject to legal and other restrictions on resale; and (3) other risks common to investing in below investment-grade debt and equity investments in the Investment Portfolio. Please see Item 1A. Risk Factors contained in Part II of this Form 10-Q for further information.