Skip to main content

REED'S, INC.

For the period ended Jun 30, 2026. Filed Aug 12, 2026.

View on SEC.gov

About this filing

A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.

Jun 30, 2026 · Filed Aug 12, 2026

REED$1.01+4.7%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026

What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?

Read the current filing

Previous report: 10-Q

Period ended 2026-03-31; filed 2026-05-13.

0001493152-26-022714

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Current report: 10-Q

Period ended 2026-06-30; filed 2026-08-12.

0001493152-26-037365

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.

Compared 59 previous paragraphs and 84 current paragraphs.

34 unchanged; 19 reworded; 17 added; 6 removed; 0 previous and 14 current paragraphs rearranged.

Tables are not compared: 4 previous and 7 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.

A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.

Added paragraphs (17)

Current report

Gross margin was 24% for the three months ended June 30, 2026, compared to 8% for the prior year.

Current report

Results of Operations – Six Months Ended June 30, 2026, as compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2025

Current report

Cost of goods sold decreased $3,199 during the six months ended June 30, 2026, as compared to the prior year. As a percentage of net sales, cost of goods sold for the six months ended June 30, 2026, was 83% as compared to 78% for the prior year. The decrease in cost of goods sold was primarily driven by the net sales decrease discussed above and lower inventory write-offs. Inventory write-offs were $830 during the six months ended June 30, 2026 and $1,661 in the prior year period.

Current report

The total cost of goods per case decreased to $13.94 per case in the six months ended June 30, 2026, from $14.68 per case for the prior year.

Current report

Gross margin was 17% for the six months ended June 30, 2026, compared to 22% for the prior year.

Current report

As a percentage of net sales, general and administrative expenses were 48% during the six months ended June 30, 2026, as compared to 30% during the prior year.

Current report

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. For the six months ended June 30, 2026, the Company recorded a net loss of $10,737, used cash in operations of $8,014, and as of June 30, 2026, had a stockholders’ deficiency of $1,485. As of June 30, 2026, the Company had a cash balance of $2,410, principal amount outstanding on the Senior Secured Loan of $9,250, no remaining availability under the Senior Secured Loan, and a maturity date on the Senior Secured Loan of September 30, 2026 (see Note 6 Senior Secured Loan). In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 205-40,Going Concern, these factors, considered in the aggregate, raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date that the financial statements are issued. The financial statements do not include any adjustments related to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
Removed paragraphs (6)

Previous report

Gross margin was 10% for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to 34% for the prior year.

Previous report

As reflected in the financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, for the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company recorded a net loss of $6,464 and used cash in operations of $5,844. Cash used in operations was primarily from our operating losses, working capital, and investment in strategic growth initiatives. As of March 31, 2026, we had a cash balance of $4,580 and no remaining availability under our Senior Secured Loan.

Previous report

Management expects that the Company’s existing cash of $4,580, cash generated from operations, and access to committed financing will be sufficient to fund the Company’s operating plan, which was approved by the board of directors in February 2026, for at least twelve months from the date of issuance of the financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q; however, if the Company’s management and board of directors approve additional growth initiatives and related investment in human resources, working capital, new geographic markets, information technology, and other uses of cash, the Company may require additional funding.
Reworded paragraphs (19)

Previous wording

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company continued its focus on profitable sales growth, improving gross margin, reducing freight costs, and optimizing selling, general and administrative expenses. The sales growth initiatives include channel expansion, in-store product placements, new product innovation, and improved sales execution. The gross margin enhancement initiatives include product portfolio optimization, equitable supplier negotiations, streamlining co-packer processes, and efficient inventory management. Underpinning these initiatives is a focus on optimizing delivery and handling and selling, general and administrative expenses.

Current wording

During the six months ended June 30, 2026, the Company continued its focus on achieving profitable sales growth, improving gross margin, reducing freight costs, and optimizing selling, general and administrative expenses. The sales growth initiatives include channel expansion, in-store product placements, new product innovation, and improved sales execution. The gross margin enhancement initiatives include product portfolio optimization, equitable supplier negotiations, streamlining co-packer processes, and efficient inventory management. Underpinning these initiatives is a focus on optimizing delivery and handling and selling, general and administrative expenses.

Previous wording

Although the U.S. economy continued to grow in 2025, inflation, actions by the Federal Reserve to address inflation, fluctuations in energy prices, and the potential impacts of tariffs, trade tensions and geopolitical events create uncertainty about the future economic environment which will continue to evolve and may impact our business in future periods. We have experienced supply chain challenges, including increased lead times, as well as inflation of raw materials, logistics and labor costs due to availability constraints and high demand. Although we regularly monitor vendors in our supply chain, and use alternative suppliers when necessary and available, supply chain constraints could cause a disruption in our ability to obtain raw materials required to manufacture our products and adversely affect our operations.

Current wording

Although the U.S. economy continues to grow, inflation, actions by the Federal Reserve to address inflation, fluctuations in energy prices, and the potential impacts of tariffs, trade tensions and geopolitical events create uncertainty about the future economic environment which will continue to evolve and may impact our business in future periods. We have experienced supply chain challenges, including increased lead times, as well as inflation of raw materials, logistics and labor costs due to availability constraints and high demand. Although we regularly monitor vendors in our supply chain, and use alternative suppliers when necessary and available, supply chain constraints could cause a disruption in our ability to obtain raw materials required to manufacture our products and adversely affect our operations.

Previous wording

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the average cost of shipping and handling was $2.57 per case, as compared to $3.17 per case for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The Company has experienced increases in freight costs and there remains a volatile pricing environment, including due to the armed conflict in Iran. The Company will continue to monitor pricing and availability in transportation and has implemented plans designed to manage this risk. In the past, the Company has been negatively impacted by supply chain challenges affecting our ability to benefit from strong demand for, and increased sales of our product. Any disruption caused by labor shortages, significant raw material cost inflation, logistics issues, increased freight costs, or port congestion, may adversely impact margins in the future.

Current wording

During the six months ended June 30, 2026, the average cost of shipping and handling was $2.56 per case, as compared to $3.06 per case for the six months ended June 30, 2025. The Company has experienced increases in freight costs and there remains a volatile pricing environment, including due to the armed conflict in Iran. The Company will continue to monitor pricing and availability in transportation and has implemented plans designed to manage this risk. In the past, the Company has been negatively impacted by supply chain challenges affecting our ability to benefit from strong demand for, and increased sales of our product. Any disruption caused by labor shortages, significant raw material cost inflation, logistics issues, increased freight costs, or port congestion, may adversely impact margins in the future.

Previous wording

The following chart sets forth key statistics for the transition of the Company’s top line activity from the first quarter of 2025 through the first quarter of 2026.

Current wording

The following chart sets forth key statistics for the transition of the Company’s top line activity from the second quarter of 2025 through the second quarter of 2026.

Previous wording

Gross billing decreased by 23% to $8,514 during the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to $11,013 during the prior year, primarily driven by Reed’s volume decline of 4%, and Virgil’s volume decline of 37%. Price on our brands decreased 9% to $19.57 per case, primarily driven by liquidation of select slow-moving product.

Current wording

Gross billing decreased by 24% to $8,771 during the three months ended June 30, 2026, compared to $11,569 during the prior year, primarily driven by Reed’s volume decline of 15%, and Virgil’s volume decline of 25%. Prices on our brands decreased 7% to $20.12 per case, primarily driven by liquidation of select slow-moving product.

Previous wording

Discounts as a percentage of gross sales were 16% during the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to 9% in the prior year. Net sales decreased 29% during the three months ended March 31, 2026, to $7,142, compared to $10,029 in the prior year, primarily driven by lower volumes with recurring national customers and higher promotional and other allowances.

Current wording

Discounts as a percentage of gross sales were 15% during the three months ended June 30, 2026, compared to 18% in the prior year. Net sales decreased 21% during the three months ended June 30, 2026, to $7,488, compared to $9,523 in the prior year, primarily driven by lower volumes with recurring national customers and higher promotional and other allowances.

Previous wording

Cost of goods sold decreased $182 during the three months ended March 31, 2026, as compared to the prior year. As a percentage of net sales, cost of goods sold for the three months ended March 31, 2026, was 90% as compared to 66% for the prior year. The decrease in cost of goods sold was primarily driven by inventory write-offs related to changes in product portfolio optimization made by new management, in an amount of $738.

Current wording

Cost of goods sold decreased $3,017 during the three months ended June 30, 2026, as compared to the prior year. As a percentage of net sales, cost of goods sold for the three months ended June 30, 2026, was 76% as compared to 92% for the prior year. The decrease in cost of goods sold was primarily driven by the net sales decrease discussed above and lower inventory write-offs. Inventory write-offs were $92 during the three months ended June 30, 2026 and $1,606 in the prior year period.

Previous wording

The total cost of goods per case increased to $14.82 per case in the three months ended March 31, 2026, from $12.92 per case for the prior year.

Current wording

The total cost of goods per case decreased to $13.07 per case in the three months ended June 30, 2026, from $16.38 per case for the prior year.

Previous wording

Delivery and handling expenses consist of delivery costs to customers and warehousing costs incurred for handling our finished goods after production. Delivery and handling expenses decreased by $507 in the three months ended March 31, 2026, to $1,120 from $1,627 in the prior year, primarily driven by continued improvements in logistics efficiency and freight optimization. Delivery costs in the three months ended March 31, 2026, were 16% of net sales and $2.57 per case, compared to 16% of net sales and $3.17 per case during the prior year.

Current wording

Delivery and handling expenses consist of delivery costs to customers and warehousing costs incurred for handling our finished goods after production. Delivery and handling expenses decreased by $465 in the three months ended June 30, 2026, to $1,107 from $1,572 in the prior year, primarily driven by continued improvements in logistics efficiency and freight optimization. Delivery costs in the three months ended June 30, 2026, were 15% of net sales and $2.54 per case, compared to 17% of net sales and $2.95 per case during the prior year.

Previous wording

Marketing expenses consist of direct marketing, marketing labor, and marketing support costs. Selling expenses consist of all other selling-related expenses including personnel and contractor support. Total selling and marketing expenses were $1,747 during the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to $1,502 during the prior year. The increase was primarily driven by higher employee related costs and marketing expenditures. As a percentage of net sales, selling and marketing expenses were 24% of net sales during the three months ended March 31, 2026, as compared to 15% of net sales during the prior year.

Current wording

Marketing expenses consist of direct marketing, marketing labor, and marketing support costs. Selling expenses consist of all other selling-related expenses including personnel and contractor support. Total selling and marketing expenses were $1,709 during the three months ended June 30, 2026, compared to $1,271 during the prior year. The increase was primarily driven by higher sales broker and marketing expenses. As a percentage of net sales, selling and marketing expenses were 23% of net sales during the three months ended June 30, 2026, as compared to 13% of net sales during the prior year.

Previous wording

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of the cost of executive, administrative, and finance personnel, as well as professional fees. General and administrative expenses were $4,045 during the three months ended March 31, 2026, an increase of $2,030 over the prior year. As a percentage of net sales, general and administrative expenses were 57% during the three months ended March 31, 2026, as compared to 20% during the prior year. The increase was primarily driven by investments in personnel and related services to support our Asia growth initiative, in an amount of $1,441.

Current wording

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of the cost of executive, administrative, and finance personnel, as well as professional fees. General and administrative expenses were $3,037 during the three months ended June 30, 2026, a decrease of $720 over the prior year. The decrease was primarily driven by lower legal settlements and continuing efforts to optimize general and administrative expenses, offset by investments in personnel and related services to support our Asia growth initiative. As a percentage of net sales, general and administrative expenses were 41% during the three months ended June 30, 2026, as compared to 39% during the prior year.

Previous wording

The loss from operations was $6,215 for the three months ended March 31, 2026, as compared to a loss of $1,742 in the prior year, primarily driven by lower gross profit and higher operating expenses discussed above.

Current wording

The loss from operations was $4,064 for the three months ended June 30, 2026, as compared to a loss of $5,793 in the prior year, primarily driven by higher gross profit and lower operating expenses discussed above.

Previous wording

Interest and other expense for the three months ended March 31, 2026, consisted of $204 of interest expense and $45 of other expense. During the prior year, interest and other expense consisted of $289 of interest expense.

Current wording

Interest and other expense for the three months ended June 30, 2026, consisted of $204 of interest expense and $5 of other expense. During the prior year, interest and other expense consisted of $301 of interest expense, offset by $46 of other income.

Previous wording

In September 2025, we entered into a loan agreement with certain funds affiliated with Whitebox Advisors LLC, as lenders, and Cantor Fitzgerald Securities, as administrative agent and collateral agent. The loan agreement provides for a senior secured loan and is further discussed in Note 6 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Current wording

In September 2025, we entered into a loan agreement with certain funds affiliated with Whitebox Advisors LLC, as lenders, and Cantor Fitzgerald Securities, as administrative agent and collateral agent. The loan agreement provides for a senior secured loan with a maturity date of September 30, 2026 and is further discussed in Note 6 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Previous wording

We are also continuing to take actions to improve the Company’s operating performance and cash generated from operations, including product portfolio optimization, implementing strategies to increase sales, streamlining operations, improving supply chains, negotiating equitable vendor contracts, and managing product price architecture. However, we may be unsuccessful in executing these actions in a timely manner or at all.

Current wording

We are also continuing to take actions to improve the Company’s operating performance and cash generated from operations, including product portfolio optimization, implementing strategies to achieve profitable sales growth, streamlining operations, improving supply chains, negotiating equitable vendor contracts, and managing product price architecture. However, we may be unsuccessful in executing these actions in a timely manner or at all.

Previous wording

Net cash used in operating activities totaled $5,844 for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to $5,362 for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The increase in net cash used in operating activities was primarily driven by operating losses, working capital, and investment in strategic growth initiatives.

Current wording

Net cash used in operating activities totaled $8,014 for the six months ended June 30, 2026, compared to $10,410 for the six months ended June 30, 2025. The decrease in net cash used in operating activities was primarily driven by operating losses, working capital, and investment in strategic growth initiatives.

Previous wording

Net cash used in investing activities totaled $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to $74 for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The decrease in net cash used in investing activities was primarily driven by no purchases of property and equipment.

Current wording

Net cash used in investing activities totaled $0 for the six months ended June 30, 2026, compared to $101 for the six months ended June 30, 2025. The decrease in net cash used in investing activities was primarily driven by no purchases of property and equipment.

Previous wording

Net cash used in financing activities totaled $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to $93 for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The decrease in net cash used in financing activities was primarily driven by no repayment of advances from a former related party and no payment of cash recorded as a debt discount.

Current wording

Net cash provided by financing activities totaled $0 for the six months ended June 30, 2026, compared to $2,797 for the six months ended June 30, 2025. The decrease in net cash used in financing activities was primarily driven by no proceeds from the sale of common shares.

Previous wording

The preparation of the Company’s financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Some of those judgments can be subjective and complex, and therefore, actual results could differ materially from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable in relation to the financial statements taken as a whole under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Management regularly evaluates the key factors and assumptions used to develop the estimates utilizing currently available information, changes in facts and circumstances, historical experience and reasonable assumptions. After such evaluations, if deemed appropriate, those estimates are adjusted accordingly. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include those related to assumptions used in estimates for reserves of uncollectible accounts, inventory obsolescence, depreciable lives of property and equipment, analysis of impairments of recorded long-term tangible and intangible assets, realization of deferred tax assets, accruals for potential liabilities and assumptions made in valuing stock instruments issued for services. There were no changes to our critical accounting policies described in the condensed financial statements included in our 2025 Form 10-K that impacted our condensed financial statements and related notes included herein.

Current wording

The preparation of the Company’s financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Some of those judgments can be subjective and complex, and therefore, actual results could differ materially from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable in relation to the financial statements taken as a whole under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Management regularly evaluates the key factors and assumptions used to develop the estimates utilizing currently available information, changes in facts and circumstances, historical experience and reasonable assumptions. After such evaluations, if deemed appropriate, those estimates are adjusted accordingly. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include those related to assumptions used in estimates for reserves of uncollectible accounts, inventory obsolescence, depreciable lives of property and equipment, analysis of impairments of recorded long-term tangible and intangible assets, realization of deferred tax assets, accruals for potential liabilities and assumptions made in valuing stock instruments issued for services. There were no changes to our critical accounting policies described in the consolidated financial statements included in our 2025 Form 10-K that impacted our condensed financial statements and related notes included herein.
Rearranged current paragraphs (14)

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

The following table sets forth key statistics for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, in thousands.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

(A) We define gross billing as the total sales for the Company unadjusted for costs related to generating those sales. Management utilizes gross billing as an indicator of and to monitor operating performance of products and salespersons before the effect of any promotional or other allowances, which are determined in accordance with GAAP, and can mask certain performance issues. We believe that the presentation of gross billing provides a useful measure of our operating performance. Additionally, gross billing may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies, as gross billing has been defined by our internal reporting practices.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

(B) We define promotional and other allowances as costs deducted from gross billing that are associated with generating those sales. Management utilizes promotional and other allowances as an indicator of and to monitor operating performance of products, salespersons, and customer agreements. We believe that the presentation of promotional and other allowances provides a useful measure of our operating performance. The presentation of promotional and other allowances facilitates an evaluation of their impact on the determination of net sales and the spending levels incurred or correlated with such sales. The expenditures described in this line item are determined in accordance with GAAP and meet GAAP requirements, the disclosure thereof does not conform to GAAP presentation requirements. Additionally, our definition of promotional and other allowances may not be comparable to similar items presented by other companies. Promotional and other allowances primarily include consideration given to the Company’s distributors or retail customers including, but not limited to the following: (i) reimbursements given to the Company’s distributors for agreed portions of their promotional spend with retailers, including slotting, shelf space allowances and other fees for both new and existing products; (ii) the Company’s agreed share of fees given to distributors and/or directly to retailers for in-store marketing and promotional activities; (iii) the Company’s agreed share of slotting, shelf space allowances and other fees given directly to retailers; (iv) incentives given to the Company’s distributors and/or retailers for achieving or exceeding certain predetermined sales goals; and (v) discounted or free products. Promotional and other allowances constitute a material portion of our marketing activities. The Company’s promotional allowance programs with its numerous distributors and/or retailers are executed through separate agreements in the ordinary course of business. These agreements generally provide for one or more of the arrangements described above and are of varying durations, ranging from one week to one year.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Gross billing decreased by 23% to $17,284 during the six months ended June 30, 2026, compared to $22,582 during the prior year, primarily driven by Reed’s volume decline of 10%, and Virgil’s volume decline of 30%. Prices on our brands decreased 8% to $19.84 per case, primarily driven by liquidation of select slow-moving product.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Discounts as a percentage of gross sales were 15% during the six months ended June 30, 2026, compared to 13% in the prior year. Net sales decreased 25% during the six months ended June 30, 2026, to $14,630, compared to $19,552 in the prior year, primarily driven by lower volumes with recurring national customers and higher promotional and other allowances.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Delivery and handling expenses consist of delivery costs to customers and warehousing costs incurred for handling our finished goods after production. Delivery and handling expenses decreased by $972 in the six months ended June 30, 2026, to $2,227 from $3,199 in the prior year, primarily driven by continued improvements in logistics efficiency and freight optimization. Delivery costs in the six months ended June 30, 2026, were 15% of net sales and $2.56 per case, compared to 16% of net sales and $3.06 per case during the prior year.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Marketing expenses consist of direct marketing, marketing labor, and marketing support costs. Selling expenses consist of all other selling-related expenses including personnel and contractor support. Total selling and marketing expenses were $3,456 during the six months ended June 30, 2026, compared to $2,773 during the prior year. The increase was primarily driven by higher sales broker and marketing expenses. As a percentage of net sales, selling and marketing expenses were 24% of net sales during the six months ended June 30, 2026, as compared to 14% of net sales during the prior year.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of the cost of executive, administrative, and finance personnel, as well as professional fees. General and administrative expenses were $7,082 during the six months ended June 30, 2026, an increase of $1,310 over the prior year. The increase was primarily driven by investments in personnel and related services to support our Asia growth initiative, offset by lower legal settlements and continuing efforts to optimize general and administrative expenses.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

The loss from operations was $10,279 for the six months ended June 30, 2026, as compared to a loss of $7,535 in the prior year, primarily driven by lower gross profit and higher operating expenses discussed above.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Interest and other expense for the six months ended June 30, 2026, consisted of $408 of interest expense and $50 of other expense. During the prior year, interest and other expense consisted of $590 of interest expense, offset by $46 of other income.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

In addition to our U.S. GAAP results, we present EBITDA as a supplemental measure of our performance. However, EBITDA is not a recognized measurement under U.S. GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income, income from operations or any other performance measure derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP, or as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities as a measure of liquidity. We define EBITDA as net income (loss), plus interest expense, tax expense, and depreciation and amortization.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Management considers our core operating performance to be that which our managers can affect in any particular period through their management of the resources that affect our underlying revenue and profit generating operations during that period. Non-GAAP adjustments to our results prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP are itemized below. You are encouraged to evaluate these adjustments and the reasons we consider them appropriate for supplemental analysis. In evaluating EBITDA, you should be aware that in the future we may incur expenses that are the same as or similar to some of the adjustments in this presentation. Our presentation of EBITDA should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Set forth below is a reconciliation of net loss to EBITDA for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025:

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

We present EBITDA because we believe it assists investors and analysts in comparing our performance across reporting periods on a consistent basis by excluding items that we do not believe are indicative of our core operating performance. In addition, we use EBITDA in developing our internal budgets, forecasts and strategic plan; in analyzing the effectiveness of our business strategies in evaluating potential acquisitions; making compensation decisions; and in communications with our board of directors concerning our financial performance. EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, which includes, among others, the following: