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PURE BIOSCIENCE, INC.

For the period ended Apr 30, 2026. Filed Jun 15, 2026.

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A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.

Apr 30, 2026 · Filed Jun 15, 2026

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Item 1. Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

April 30, 2026July 31, 2025
(Unaudited)
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents$983,000$334,000
Accounts receivable242,000474,000
Inventories, net232,000141,000
Restricted cash75,00075,000
Prepaid expenses17,00023,000
Total current assets1,549,0001,047,000
Property, plant and equipment, net9,00011,000
Total assets$1,558,000$1,058,000
Liabilities and stockholders’ deficiency
Current liabilities
Accounts payable$719,000$784,000
Convertible notes payable to related parties, current2,754,000—
Accrued liabilities181,000154,000
Total current liabilities3,654,000938,000
Convertible notes payable to related parties, non-current3,743,0005,236,000
Total liabilities7,397,0006,174,000
Commitments and contingencies-
Stockholders’ deficiency
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value: 5,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding——
Common stock, $0.01 par value: 200,000,000 shares authorized, 130,017,569 shares issued and outstanding at April 30, 2026, and 111,886,473 at July 31, 20251,301,0001,119,000
Additional paid-in capital133,727,000132,759,000
Accumulated deficit(140,867,000)(138,994,000)
Total stockholders’ deficiency(5,839,000)(5,116,000)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficiency$1,558,000$1,058,000

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

Nine Months Ended · Three months Ended
April 30,April 30,
2026202520262025
Net product sales$1,656,000$1,435,000$506,000$489,000
Royalty revenue2,0003,000-2,000
Total revenue1,658,0001,438,000506,000491,000
Cost of goods sold701,000603,000237,000208,000
Gross profit957,000835,000269,000283,000
Operating costs and expenses
Selling, general and administrative2,298,0002,528,000708,000776,000
Research and development239,000243,00079,00091,000
Total operating costs and expenses2,537,0002,771,000787,000867,000
Loss from operations(1,580,000)(1,936,000)(518,000)(584,000)
Other income (expense)
Other income (expense), net8,00079,000-82,000
Interest expense, net(301,000)(210,000)(106,000)(78,000)
Total other income (expense)(293,000)(131,000)(106,000)4,000
Net loss$(1,873,000)$(2,067,000)$(624,000)$(580,000)
Basic and diluted net loss per share$(0.02)$(0.02)$(0.01)$(0.01)
Shares used in computing basic and diluted net loss per share111,543,047111,856,473110,833,042111,856,473

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Deficiency

Nine Months Ended April 30, 2026 · Nine Months Ended April 30, 2025
Common Stock · Additional Paid-In · Accumulated · Total Stockholders’ · Common Stock · Additional Paid-In · Accumulated · Total Stockholders’
SharesAmountCapitalDeficitDeficiencySharesAmountCapitalDeficitDeficiency
Balances at beginning of period111,886,473$1,119,000$132,759,000$(138,994,000)$(5,116,000)111,856,473$1,119,000$132,612,000$(136,595,000)$(2,864,000)
Share-based compensation expense - stock options——147,000—147,000——114,000—114,000
Share-based compensation expense - restricted stock units———————3,000—3,000
Issuance of common stock in private placement, net18,131,096182,000821,0001,003,000—————
Net loss———(1,873,000)(1,873,000)———(2,067,000)(2,067,000)
Balances at end of period (Unaudited)130,017,569$1,301,000$133,727,000$(140,867,000)$(5,839,000)111,856,473$1,119,000$132,729,000$(138,662,000)$(4,814,000)
Three Months Ended April 30, 2026 · Three Months Ended April 30, 2025
Common Stock · Additional Paid-In · Accumulated · Total Stockholders’ · Common Stock · Additional Paid-In · Accumulated · Total Stockholders’
SharesAmountCapitalDeficitDeficiencySharesAmountCapitalDeficitDeficiency
Balances at beginning of period (Unaudited)111,886,473$1,119,000$132,851,000$(140,243,000)$(6,273,000)111,856,473$1,119,000$132,696,000$(138,082,000)$(4,267,000)
Share-based compensation expense - stock options——55,000—55,000——30,000—30,000
Share-based compensation expense - restricted stock units———————3,000—3,000
Issuance of common stock in private placement, net18,131,096182,000821,000—1,003,000—————
Net loss———(624,000)(624,000)———(580,000)(580,000)
Balances at end of period (Unaudited)130,017,569$1,301,000$133,727,000$(140,867,000)$(5,839,000)111,856,473$1,119,000$132,729,000$(138,662,000)$(4,814,000)

See accompanying notes.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Nine Months Ended
April 30,
20262025
Operating activities
Net loss$(1,873,000)$(2,067,000)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Share-based compensation147,000117,000
Depreciation2,0002,000
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable232,00011,000
Inventories(91,000)(75,000)
Prepaid expenses6,00014,000
Interest on note payable291,000200,000
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities(38,000)239,000
Net cash used in operating activities(1,324,000)(1,559,000)
Financing activities
Net proceeds from private placement1,003,000—
Net proceeds from note payable to related parties970,0001,750,000
Net cash provided by financing activities1,973,0001,750,000
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash649,000191,000
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period409,000424,000
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period$1,058,000$615,000
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash to the condensed consolidated balance sheets
Cash and cash equivalents$983,000$540,000
Restricted cash$75,000$75,000
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$1,058,000$615,000

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

For the three and nine months ended April 30, 2026 and 2025

1. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the consolidated accounts of PURE Bioscience, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, ETI H2O Inc., a Nevada corporation. ETI H2O, Inc. currently has no business operations and no material assets or liabilities and there have been no significant transactions related to ETI H2O, Inc. during the periods presented in the condensed consolidated financial statements. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated. All references to “PURE,” “we,” “our,” “us,” “its” and the “Company” refer to PURE Bioscience, Inc. and our wholly owned subsidiary, ETI H20 Inc.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP, for interim financial information pursuant to the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10/Rule 8-03 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine months ended April 30, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for other quarters or the year ending July 31, 2026. The July 31, 2025 balance sheet was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP and included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. For more complete information, these unaudited financial statements and the notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements for the year ended July 31, 2025 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K covering such period filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, on October 29, 2025.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

2. Liquidity and Going Concern

The Company has a history of recurring losses, and as of April 30, 2026 it has a stockholders deficiency of $5,839,000. During the nine months ended April 30, 2026, it recorded a net loss of $1,873,000 on recorded net revenue of $1,658,000. In addition, during the nine months ended April 30, 2026 the Company used $1,324,000 in operating activities resulting in a cash balance of $983,000 as of April 30, 2026. The Company’s history of recurring operating losses, and negative cash flows from operating activities give rise to substantial doubt regarding its ability to continue as a going concern. The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, in its report on the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended July 31, 2025, has also expressed substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classifications of liabilities that may result from our possible inability to continue as a going concern.

The Company’s future capital requirements depend on numerous forward-looking factors. These factors may include, but are not limited to, the following: the acceptance of, and demand for, its products; the Company’s success and the success of its partners in selling our products; the Company’s success and the success of its partners in obtaining regulatory approvals to sell its products; the costs of further developing the Company’s existing products and technologies; the extent to which the Company invests in new product and technology development; and the costs associated with the continued operation, and any future growth, of its business. The outcome of these and other forward-looking factors will substantially affect its liquidity and capital resources.

Until the Company can continually generate positive cash flow from operations, it will need to continue to fund its operations with the proceeds of offerings of our equity and debt securities. However, the Company cannot ensure that additional financing will be available when needed or that, if available, financing will be obtained on terms favorable to the Company or to its stockholders. If the Company raises additional funds from the issuance of equity securities, substantial dilution to its existing stockholders would likely result. If the Company raises additional funds by incurring debt financing, the terms of the debt may involve significant cash payment obligations as well as covenants and specific financial ratios that may restrict its ability to operate its business.

3. Significant Accounting Policies

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board or the FASB, Accounting Standards Codification or ASC, Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers or Topic 606. Under Topic 606, revenue is recognized at an amount that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer. This principle is applied using the following 5-step process:

1.Identify the contract with the customer
2.Identify the performance obligations in the contract
3.Determine the transaction price
4.Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract
5.Recognize revenue when (or as) each performance obligation is satisfied

Under Topic 606, the Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control of the promised goods or services to its customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.

The Company’s technology platform is based on patented stabilized ionic silver, and its initial products contain silver dihydrogen citrate, or SDC. SDC is a broad-spectrum, non-toxic antimicrobial agent, which offers residual protection and formulates well with other compounds. The Company sells various configurations and dilutions of SDC direct to customers and through distributors. The Company currently offers PURE® Hard Surface as a food contact surface sanitizer and disinfectant to restaurant chains, food processors and food transportation companies. The Company also offers PURE Control® as a direct food contact processing aid.

Contract terms for unit price, quantity, shipping and payment are governed by sales agreements and purchase orders which it considers to be a customer’s contract in all cases. The unit price is considered the observable stand-alone selling price for the arrangements. Any promotional or sales discounts are applied evenly to the units sold for purposes of calculating the standalone selling price.

Product sales generally consist of a single performance obligation that it satisfies at a point in time. The Company recognizes product revenue when the following events have occurred: (a) it has transferred physical possession of the products, (b) it has a present right to payment, (c) the customer has legal title to the products, and (d) the customer bears significant risks and rewards of ownership of the products.

The Company’s direct customer and distributor sales are invoiced based on received purchase orders. Its payment terms on invoiced direct customer and distributor sales range between 30 and 90 days after it satisfies its performance obligation. The majority of our customers are on 30 day payment terms. The Company currently offers no right of return on invoiced sales and maintain no allowance for sales returns.

Shipping and handling are treated as activities to fulfill promises to customers and any amounts billed to a customer, if applicable, represent revenues earned for the goods provided. Costs related to such shipping and handling billings are classified as cost of sales.

The Company does not have significant categories of revenue that may impact how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.

A summary of the Company’s revenue by product type for the nine months ended April 30, 2026 and 2025 is as follows:

April 30,
20262025
PURE Hard Surface$1,550,000$1,242,000
SILVÉRION106,000193,000
Revenue$1,656,000$1,435,000

A summary of the Company’s revenue by product type for the three months ended April 30, 2026 and 2025 is as follows:

April 30,
20262025
PURE Hard Surface$92,000$468,000
SILVÉRION414,00021,000
Revenue$506,000$489,000

Variable Consideration

The Company records revenue from customers in an amount that reflects the transaction price it expects to be entitled to after transferring control of those goods or services. From time to time, the Company offers sales promotions on its products such as discounts. Variable consideration is estimated at contract inception only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of revenue will not occur.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements, and the disclosures made in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Those estimates and assumptions include estimates for reserves of uncollectible accounts, inventory obsolescence, depreciable lives of property and equipment, realization of deferred tax assets, accruals for potential liabilities and assumptions made in valuing stock instruments issued for services.

Net Loss Per Share

Basic net loss per common share is computed as net loss divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. The Company’s diluted net loss per common share is the same as its basic net loss per common share because the Company incurred a net loss during each period presented, and the potentially dilutive securities from the assumed exercise of all outstanding stock options, restricted stock units, and warrants would have an anti-dilutive effect. As of April 30, 2026 and 2025, stock options, shares issuable upon the conversion of debt, and shares issuable under restricted stock unit awards of 71,870,672 and 50,255,145, respectively, have been excluded from the computation of diluted shares outstanding.

April 30,
20262025
Common stock options13,395,00010,060,000
Restricted stock units712,500742,500
Shares issuable upon the conversion of debt57,763,17239,452,645
Total71,870,67250,255,145

Inventory

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, and net of a valuation allowance for potential excess or obsolete material. Cost is determined using the average cost method. Depreciation related to manufacturing is systematically allocated to inventory produced, and expensed through cost of goods sold at the time inventory is sold.

Inventories consist of the following:

April 30, 2026July 31, 2025
Raw materials$12,000$14,000
Finished goods220,000127,000
Inventories$232,000$141,000

Property, Plant and Equipment

Management assesses the carrying value of property and equipment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. If there is indication of impairment, management prepares an estimate of future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. If these cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss is recognized to write down the asset to its estimated fair value. There wereno impairments during the nine months ended April 30, 2026.

Share-Based Compensation

The Company periodically issues stock options and restricted stock awards to employees and non-employees in non-capital raising transactions for services. It accounts for such grants issued and vesting to employees based on ASC 718, whereby the value of the award is measured on the date of grant and recognized as compensation expense on the straight-line basis over the vesting period.

The Company estimates the fair value of share-based payment awards at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. The Black-Scholes option valuation model requires the input of subjective assumptions, including price volatility of the underlying stock, risk-free interest rate, dividend yield, and expected life of the option. Share-based compensation expense is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, and therefore is reduced by expected forfeitures.

Concentrations

Gross product sales. For the three and nine months ended April 30, 2026, one customer accounted for 15% and 21% of net product sales, respectively. For the nine months ended April 30, 2025, two customers accounted for 13% and 10% of net product sales. For the three months ended April 30, 2025, no customers accounted for greater than 10% of net product sales.

*Accounts receivable.*As of April 30, 2026, the Company had accounts receivable from one customer that comprised of 14% of total accounts receivable. As of July 31, 2025, the Company had accounts receivable from two customers that comprised 40% and 12% of total accounts receivable.

*Purchases.*For the three months ended April 30, 2026, one vendor accounted for 33% of the Company’s purchases. For the nine months ended April 30, 2026, two vendors accounted for 29% and 13% of the Company’s purchases.

For the three months ended April 30, 2025, three vendors accounted for 30%,11% and 10% of the Company’s purchases, respectively. For the nine months ended April 30, 2025, two vendors accounted for 26% and 10% of the Company’s purchases, respectively.

Accounts payable. As of April 30, 2026, the Company’s largest vendor accounted for 12% of the total accounts payable. As of July 31, 2025, one vendor accounted for 13% of the total trade accounts payable.

Segments

The Company operates inone segment for the manufacture and distribution of its products. In accordance with the “Segment Reporting” Topic of the ASC, its Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) has been identified as the Chief Executive Officer and President, who reviews operating results to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance for the entire Company. Existing guidance, which is based on a management approach to segment reporting, establishes requirements to report selected segment information quarterly and to report annually entity-wide disclosures about products and services, major customers, and the countries in which the entity holds material assets and reports revenue. All material operating units qualify for aggregation under “Segment Reporting” due to their similar customer base and similarities in: economic characteristics; nature of products and services; and procurement, manufacturing and distribution processes. The following table presents significant segment expenses and other segment items regularly reviewed by our CODM:

For the nine months ended April 30, 2026 and 2025.

For the Nine Months Ended April 30,
20262025
Revenue$1,658,000$1,438,000
Less:
Cost of goods sold(701,000)(603,000)
General and administrative(2,151,000)(2,411,000)
Research and development(239,000)(243,000)
Stock-based compensation(147,000)(117,000)
Interest expense, net(301,000)(210,000)
Other income8,00079,000
NET LOSS$(1,873,000)$(2,067,000)

For the three months ended April 30, 2026 and 2025.

For the Three Months Ended April 30,
20262025
Revenue$506,000$491,000
Less:
Cost of goods sold(237,000)(208,000)
General and administrative(653,000)(743,000)
Research and development(79,000)(91,000)
Stock-based compensation(55,000)(33,000)
Interest expense, net(106,000)(78,000)
Other income-82,000
NET LOSS$(624,000)$(580,000)

4. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2024, FASB issued ASU 2024-03 Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40) Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The guidance in ASU 2024-03 requires public business entities to disclose in the notes to the financial statements, among other things, specific information about certain costs and expenses including purchases of inventory; employee compensation; and depreciation and amortization expense for each caption on the income statement where such expenses are included. The update is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted, and the amendments may be applied prospectively to reporting periods after the effective date or retrospectively to all periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the provisions of this guidance and assessing the potential impact on its financial statement disclosures.

Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB, including its Emerging Issues Task Force, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, and the Securities and Exchange Commission did not or are not believed by management to have a material impact on the Company’s present or future financial statements.

5. Convertible Notes Payable to Related Parties

MaturityInterest RateApril 30, 2026July 31, 2025
Fiscal 2023 Notes (a)June 20267.55%$1,015,000$1,015,000
Fiscal 2024 Notes (b)October 2026 to June 20277.81%1,785,0001,785,000
Fiscal 2025 Notes (c)September 2027 to July 20286.79%- 7.88%2,000,0002,000,000
Fiscal 2026 Notes (d)October to February 20296.16% - 6.68%970,000—
5,770,0004,800,000
Accrued interest727,000436,000
Total$6,497,000$5,236,000
(a)In fiscal 2023, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the “2023 Note Purchase Agreement”) with certain accredited investors (“Lenders”) pursuant to which the Company issued the Lenders convertible promissory notes with an aggregate principal balance of $1,015,000 (the “2023 Private Placement”). Messrs. Tom Y. Lee and Ivan Chen, each a member of the Company’s Board invested $1,000,000 and $15,000, respectively in the 2023 Private Placement, through affiliates or directly. As of April 30, 2026, $1,015,000 of principal was outstanding under the 2023 Private Placement, which amount is currently due.
(b)In fiscal 2024, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the “2024 Note Purchase Agreement”) with certain accredited investors (“Lenders”) pursuant to which the Company issued the Lenders convertible promissory notes with an aggregate principal balance of $1,785,000 (the “2024 Private Placement”). Tom Y. Lee invested $1,785,000 in the 2024 Private Placement, through affiliates or directly. As of April 30, 2026, $1,785,000 of principal was outstanding under the 2024 Private Placement, of which $1,285,000 is currently due.
(c)In fiscal 2025, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the “2025 Note Purchase Agreement”) with certain accredited investors (“Lenders”) pursuant to which the Company issued the Lenders convertible promissory notes with an aggregate principal balance of $2,000,000 (the “2025 Private Placement”). Tom Y. Lee invested $2,000,000 in the 2025 Private Placement, through affiliates or directly. As of April 30, 2026, $2,000,000 of principal was outstanding under the 2025 Private Placement.
(d)During the period ended April 30, 2026, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the “2026 Note Purchase Agreement”) with certain accredited investors (“Lenders”) pursuant to which the Company issued the Lenders convertible promissory notes (the “Notes”, collectively with the 2026 Note Purchase Agreement, the “Note Documents”) with an aggregate principal balance of $970,000 (the “2026 Private Placement”).The Note Documents provide for subsequent closings for an aggregate offering size of $2.0 million in principal balance. Tom Y. Lee, invested $970,000 in the 2026 Private Placement, through affiliates or directly. The disinterested members of the Board approved the 2026 Private Placement. As of April 30, 2026, $970,000 of principal was outstanding under the 2026 Private Placement.

The Notes are unsecured, and provide that the interest rate to the Lenders shall accrue at rates between 6.16% -7.88% compounded annually. The Maturity Date (as defined in the Notes) of the Notes is the third-year anniversary of the date of issuance, or such earlier date as the Notes provide.

*Conversion.*All or any portion of the principal amount of the Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, is convertible at any time, in whole or in part, at a Lender’s or the Company’s option, into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price equal to the 30-day volume-weighted average price of the Company’s common stock as reported on the market or exchange on which the Company’s common stock is listed or quoted for trading (the “VWAP”) on the date of conversion on the last trading day prior to the date of conversion, provided that such conversion price is:

●at least $0.15 per share and less than or equal to $0.23 per share for the fiscal 2023 Notes and the $785,000 October 2023 Note
●at least $0.13 per share and less than or equal to $0.21 per share for the $500,000 March 2024 Note
●at least $0.115 per share and less than or equal to $0.195 per share for the $500,000 June 2024 Note
●at least $0.095 per share and less than or equal to $0.175 per share for the $1,750,000 September 2024 to April 2025 Notes
●at least $0.10 per share and less than or equal to $0.18 per share for the $250,000 July 2025 Notes and $350,000 for the October 2025 Note
●at least $0.08 per share and less than or equal to $0.16 per share for the $70,000 December 2025 Note
●at least $0.07 per share and less than or equal to $0.15 per share for the $300,000 December 2025 Note
●at least $0.08 per share and less than or equal to $0.16 per share for the $250,000 February 2026 Note

Additionally, at any time following the first year anniversary of the Notes, the holders of a majority of the outstanding principal balance under the Notes may elect specified in writing to convert all of the Notes at a conversion price equal to the VWAP, provided that the conversion price is equal to at least $0.08, $0.07, $0.08, $0.10, $0.095, $0.115, $0.13 and $0.15 per share, as discussed above, subject to certain customary adjustments.

As of April 30, 2026, none of the Notes have been repaid in cash or converted into Common Stock.

Other terms of the Note Agreements.

Further, on all the notes discussed above, in the event of certain corporate transactions, all outstanding principal and unpaid accrued interest due on such Notes shall be automatically converted into conversion shares on the trading day immediately prior to the closing date of such corporate transaction. The number of shares to be issued upon such conversion shall be based on the VWAP on the last trading day prior to the public announcement of the execution of the definitive documents with respect to such transaction.

Events of Default. The Notes Documents provide for certain events of default that are typical for a transaction of this type, including, among other things, default in the payment of principal or interest for more than 30 days, the Company’s making an assignment for the benefit of creditors, within 15 days after the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings against the Company, or breach of certain covenants described below.

Covenants. The Company will be subject to certain customary covenants regarding the current public information, reservation of adequate share reserve, and maintenance of intellectual property rights, among other customary matters. As of April 30, 2026, the Company was in compliance of all covenants.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2026 and 2025, the Company recognized $291,000 and $200,000 of interest expense related to the 2026, 2025, 2024 and 2023 Notes, respectively. As of April 30, 2026, interest of $727,000 was added to the principal resulting in a balance owed of $6,497,000. In addition, as of April 30, 2026, the Notes and accrued interest were convertible into 57,763,172 shares of common stock.

6. Private Placement Financing

On April 30, 2026, the Company completed a closing (the “Closing”) of a private placement financing (the “Private Placement Financing”) to accredited investors (the “Investors”). The Company raised $1.0 million in the Closing and issued an aggregate of 18,131,096 shares (collectively, the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock at a purchase price of $0.0553 per share. The Shares issued in the Private Placement Financing were issued pursuant to a securities purchase agreement entered into with the Investors. Mr. Tom Y. Lee, a member of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”), invested approximately $700,000 directly and through his affiliates. In addition, Ivan Chen, a member of the Board, invested $27,650. The disinterested members of the Board approved the Private Placement Financing.

The net proceeds to the Company from the Closing, after deducting fees and other offering expenses, were approximately $1.0 million. The Company expects to use the net proceeds for general corporate purposes, including the Company’s research and development efforts, and for general administrative expenses and working capital.

7. Stockholders’ Equity

Restricted Stock Units

The Company issues restricted stock unit awards, or RSUs, to key management and as compensation for services to consultants and others. The RSUs typically vest over a one to three-year period and carry a ten-year term. Each RSU represents the right to receive one share of common stock, issuable at the time the RSU subsequently settles, as set forth in the Restricted Stock Unit Agreement. The Company determines that fair value of those awards at the date of grant, and amortize those awards as an expense over the vesting period of the award. The shares earned under the grant are usually issued when the award settles at the end of the term. As of April 30, 2026, all the RSUs had vested and 712,500 RSUs are issuable as of April 30, 2026.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2025, the Company granted 30,000 RSU’s to a third-party consultant for manufacturing services. The RSU’s vested 100% on the date of grant. As a result, the Company recognized the entire fair value of $3,000 of compensation cost relating to the vesting of the RSUs.

Stock Option Plans

2024 Equity Incentive Plan

The Company’s shareholders approved its 2024 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2024 Plan, in February 2024, which has a share reserve of 10,000,000 shares of common stock that were registered under a Form S-8 filed with the SEC in August 2024. The 2024 Plan provides for the grant of incentive and non-qualified stock options, as well as other share-based payment awards, to its employees, directors, consultants and advisors. These awards have up to a 10-year contractual life and are subject to various vesting periods, as determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board. The 2024 Plan replaced the prior amended and restated 2007 and 2017 shareholder approved equity plans. As of April 30, 2026, there were 4,165,000 shares available for issuance under the 2024 Plan.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2026, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors granted 3,395,000 stock options to the Company’s employees, officers, directors and consultants with a fair value of $218,000 as determined by the Black Scholes option pricing model. The vesting terms of the options vary between one and two years and carry a ten-year term.

A summary of our stock option activity is as follows:

SharesWeighted- Average Exercise PriceAggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at July 31, 202510,060,0000.32$—
Granted3,395,0000.07—
Exercised———
Cancelled(60,000)1.30—
Outstanding at April 30, 202613,395,0000.26$—

The weighted-average remaining contractual term of options outstanding at April 30, 2025 was 6.85 years.

At April 30, 2026, options to purchase 11,697,500 shares of common stock were exercisable. These options had a weighted-average exercise price of $0.28 and a weighted average remaining contractual term of 6.48 years. The total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock option grants as of April 30, 2026 was approximately $97,000 and the weighted average period over which these grants are expected to vest is 0.50 years.

For the nine months ended April 30, 2026, share-based compensation expense for stock options that vested during the period was $147,000. For the nine months ended April 30, 2025, share-based compensation expense for stock options that vested during the period was $114,000.

The Company uses the Black-Scholes valuation model to calculate the fair value of stock options. Stock-based compensation expense is recognized over the vesting period using the straight-line method. The fair value of stock options was estimated at the grant date using the following weighted average assumptions:

For the nine months ended April 30,
20262025
Volatility145.17%118.49%
Risk-free interest rate4.12%4.17%
Dividend yield—%—%
Expected life5.345.25

Volatility is the measure by which our stock price is expected to fluctuate during the expected term of an option. Volatility is derived from the historical daily change in the market price of our common stock, as we believe that historical volatility is the best indicator of future volatility.

The risk-free interest rates used in the Black-Scholes calculations are based on the prevailing U.S. Treasury yield as determined by the U.S. Federal Reserve.

The Company has never paid dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate paying dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. Accordingly, we have assumed no dividend yield for purposes of estimating the fair value of our share-based compensation.

The expected life of options was estimated using the average between the contractual term and the vesting term of the options.

8. Related Party Transactions

As of April 30, 2026 and April 30, 2025, accounts payable include $235,000 and $249,000, respectively, in board fees due to officers and directors.

9. Subsequent Events

The Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock from 200,000,000 shares to 250,000,000 shares. The amendment became effective upon filing with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on May 27, 2026.

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The text of this filing, as the company filed it with the SEC, without its images or exhibits. This is not investment advice.