CVD EQUIPMENT CORP
For the period ended Dec 31, 2024. Filed Mar 19, 2025.
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A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.
FY2024 · Filed Mar 19, 2025
CVV$3.97+10.0%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-K
Period ended 2023-12-31; filed 2024-03-28.
0001493152-24-011730
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-K
Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-03-19.
0001493152-25-010917
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 65 previous paragraphs and 66 current paragraphs.
30 unchanged; 16 reworded; 18 added; 19 removed; 0 previous and 2 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 3 previous and 4 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (18)
Current report
Our current strategy yielded multisystem orders of PVT150 equipment in 2023 and 2022 that were delivered to one company that planned to use our systems to manufacture silicon carbide wafers. Although we continue to invest in our vision for the “electrification of everything,” we have observed lower-than-anticipated industrywide electric vehicle sales which may reduce demand for silicon carbide and impact sales of our PVT systems. In addition, the current global over capacity of 150 mm silicon carbide wafers has reduced the market for 150 mm silicon carbide growth systems.
Current report
Both technologies are essential for the support of the EV market. These systems should provide us with standard product offerings to continue to support the EV focused market as well as energy storage, power conversion and power transmission. We plan to evaluate opportunities to expand our product offerings in the power electronics market to build off the introduction of the PVT150 and PVT200 systems. We are also evaluating our ability to provide other equipment used in the manufacturing process of silicon carbide wafers.
Current report
During 2022, we also received an order from an aerospace company for a production chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) system that will be used to manufacture CMCs for gas turbine jet engines. In 2023, we received an order from the same aerospace company for an additional three CVI systems and in November 2024 we received an order from the same aerospace company for an additional CVI system.
Current report
We have generally gained new customers through our industry reputation, as well as print advertising and trade show attendance. We have increased the number of trade shows and industry conferences we attend.
Current report
Historically, our orders have fluctuated based on end user market conditions, adoption of our new products and acceptance of our products. The order rate as well as other factors in our manufacturing process ultimately impacts the timing of revenue recognition, whether accounted for over time or at a point in time. Accordingly, orders received from customers and the corresponding revenue recognized may fluctuate from quarter to quarter. The sales cycle for our equipment is typically six months, but can range up to twelve to eighteen months, depending on the application and product stage of the equipment. The order cycle to manufacture and test a system also will vary from six to eighteen months for our CVD Equipment segment and two to twelve months for our SDC segment, depending on system complexity and magnitude of the system.
Current report
Results of Operations
Current report
The revenue contributed by our CVD Equipment segment for the year ended December 31, 2024 of $18.3 million represented 68.1% of overall revenue as compared to $16.2 million (net of intersegment sales of $0.1 million) or 67.8% of overall revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023. The increase in external revenues of $2.1 million or 11.3% resulted principally from increases in revenues from aerospace and industrial contracts in progress offset in part by lower revenue for PVT150/200 systems and spare parts.
Current report
The revenue contributed by our SDC segment for the year ended December 31, 2024 of $7.8 million (net of intersegment sales of $0.6 million) represented 29.1% of overall revenue as compared to $6.7 million (net of intersegment sales of $0.4 million) or 27.8% of overall revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023. External revenue for our SDC segment increased by $1.1 million or 16.4% due to higher demand for gas delivery system products as compared to the prior period.
Current report
The revenue contributed by our MesoScribe segment for the year ended December 31, 2024 of $0.8 represented 2.9% of our overall revenue as compared to $0.7 million or 3.0% of overall revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023. MesoScribe fulfilled its final orders during 2024 and ceased operations.
Current report
General and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2024 were $5.2 million or 19.3% of revenue compared to $5.4 million or 22.6% of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023, a decrease of $0.3 million. The decrease in 2024 was due to lower employee compensation and lower professional fees.
Current report
Gain on Sales of Equipment
Current report
During 2024, we recognized a gain of $0.6 million on the sale of equipment related to MesoScribe representing the sale price of $0.8 million less the costs of the equipment sold of $0.2 million. We also recognized a gain of $42,000 on the sale of equipment by our CVD Equipment.
Current report
Any significant increases in tariffs on goods that we purchase could negatively affect our business and results of operations by increasing the cost to manufacture our products.
Current report
Net cash used in operating activities during 2024 was $1.5 million and was principally due to the net loss of $1.9 million and reductions in contract assets and liabilities of $2.4 million, offset by a reduction in inventory of $0.6 million, and non-cash items of $2.6 million including a provision for excess and obsolete inventory of $1.6 million.
Current report
Net cash provided by investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 consisted of proceeds from the sales of equipment of $0.2 million offset by capital expenditures of $0.1 million.
Current report
Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 consisted of repayments of $0.1 million for an equipment loan.
Current report
Critical Accounting Estimates
Current report
We consider the following estimates within our significant accounting policies to be critical because of their complexity and the high degree of judgment involved in maintaining them. See Note 2 – “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of our Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our accounting policies
Removed paragraphs (19)
Previous report
During 2021, we received the first six (6) orders for our PVT150 system that is used by our customer to grow silicon carbide crystals and received an additional 24 orders from the same customer in 2022. The crystals would be further processed into 150 mm silicon carbide wafers and later processed into integrated circuits and other devices. Devices based on silicon carbide have been shown to reduce energy consumption in EVs and reduce the need for additional cooling elements. While we did not receive any additional orders from this customer, we remain in continuing discussions regarding potential additional orders.
Previous report
We launched our marketing campaign for the PVT150 in the latter part of 2022 as we seek orders from other potential customers. We also developed and launched our new PVT200 system used to grow silicon carbide crystals for the manufacture of 200 mm wafers in 2023.
Previous report
During 2022, we completed the production of a system for a customer that deposits coatings onto powders used in silicon-graphite anodes that has the objective of increasing EV battery performance while lowering cost. We received two additional orders from this customer in 2023 that were completed during the year.
Previous report
During 2023, we also received a total $10.6 million of aerospace orders from multiple customers, reflecting continuing strong interest in the application of CMCs in gas turbine jet engines.
Previous report
Not meaningful
Previous report
Revenue from one aerospace customer in 2023 represented 13.5% of our total revenues and 20.1% of CVD Equipment segment revenues. Sales of PVT150 systems made to one customer in 2023 and 2022 represented 14.3% and 29.2%, respectively, of our total revenues and 21.2% and 45.2%, respectively, of CVD Equipment segment revenues.
Previous report
The revenue contributed by the CVD Equipment segment for the year ended December 31, 2023 represented 67% of overall revenue as compared to 65% of overall revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022. The decrease in revenues of $0.3 million or 2% resulted from lower PVT150 revenues offset by an increase in aerospace revenue.
Previous report
The revenue contributed by the SDC segment for the year ended December 31, 2023 represented 28% of overall revenue as compared to 25% of overall revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022. Revenue for our SDC segment increased $0.6 million or 9% due to increased orders and demand for the SDC’s products during 2023 as compared to the prior year.
Previous report
The revenue contributed by the CVD Materials segment for the year ended December 31, 2023 represented 5% of our overall revenue as compared to 12% of overall revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022 The decrease of $2.0 million was principally due to the disposition of Tantaline in May 2023 and the wind down of MesoScribe’s operations.
Previous report
General and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2023 were $5.5 million or 22.6% of revenue compared to $5.3 million or 20.6% of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022, an increase of $0.1 million. The increase in expenses was principally due to increases in stock-based compensation of $0.2 million, higher professional fees of $0.3 million, and increase in 401(k) match of $0.2 million, offset by lower bonus expense of $0.4 million and lower expenses for CVD Materials of $0.1 million due to the disposition of Tantaline.
Previous report
The increase in interest income of $0.4 million was due to higher interest rates and increased amounts invested in U.S. treasury bills. During 2022, we conducted an analysis to determine if we were entitled to an employee retention credit (“ERC”) under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act as amended by the Taxpayer Certainty and Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2020 and the American Plan Act of 2021. Based on our analysis, we determined that we were entitled to an ERC of approximately $1.5 million related to payroll paid in the first and third quarters of 2021 under the applicable Internal Revenue Service regulations and . we recognized other income of this amount during the year ended December 31, 2022. This amount was collected in July 2023.
Previous report
Net cash used in operating activities during 2023 was $0.2 million and was principally due to the net loss of $4.2 million, decrease in contract assets of $0.6 million, increase in inventories of $1.9 million, decrease in accrued expenses of $0.7 million (primarily due to payment of 2022 bonus) offset by a decrease in accounts receivable of $1.8 million, collection of employee retention credit receivable of $1.5 million, an increase in contract liabilities of $0.9 million and non-cash items of $2.0 million. The increase in inventory was related to the production of PVT150 systems in anticipation of potential future orders and increases related to new system orders.
Previous report
Net cash used in investing activities during 2023 was $0.1 million. Capital expenditures of $0.4 million related to purchases of manufacturing equipment and building improvements. The disposition of Tantaline resulted in a cash outflow of $0.3 million based on the terms of the agreement. We received $0.6 million of deposits from the purchaser of certain MesoScribe equipment as described below.
Previous report
Cash flows from financing activities during 2023 was not significant and included $0.1 million of proceeds from the exercise of employee stock options and $0.1 million of repayment of an equipment loan.
Previous report
On August 4, 2023, we entered into a Purchase and License Agreement with a third-party. Pursuant to the Purchase and License Agreement, we will sell certain proprietary assets relating to its plasma spray technology and material deposition system and grant a non-exclusive license to use certain of our related intellectual property as more fully described in the Purchase and License Agreement, for an aggregate purchase price of $0.9 million. The purchase price is payable in several installments and contingent upon certain performance metrics and other milestones.
Previous report
During the year ended December 31, 2023, we received payments under the Purchase and License Agreement in the amount of $0.6 million which is reflected as deposits from purchaser in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023. We expect the transaction to be completed during 2024.
Previous report
We expect to continue to fulfill remaining customer orders for MesoScribe products through the end of 2024 at which time it plans to cease the remaining operations of MesoScribe and dispose of any remaining equipment.
Previous report
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Previous report
We believe that of our significant accounting policies, which are described in the notes to the consolidated financial statements, the following accounting policies involve a greater degree of judgments, estimates and assumptions. Accordingly, these are the policies that we believe are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our consolidated financial condition and results of operations. For information on the Company’s significant accounting policies and estimates refer to Note 2 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” including the “Use of Estimates” section, in the consolidated financial statements.
Reworded paragraphs (16)
Previous wording
We have served the advanced materials markets with chemical vapor and thermal process equipment for over 40 years. CVD designs, develops, and manufactures a broad range of chemical vapor deposition, gas control, and other state-of-the-art equipment and process solutions used to develop and manufacture materials and coatings for industrial applications and research. To learn more about CVD’s systems and offerings, visit www.cvdequipement.com.
Current wording
We have served the advanced materials markets with chemical vapor and thermal process equipment for over 40 years. CVD designs, develops, and manufactures a broad range of chemical vapor deposition, gas control, and other state-of-the-art equipment and process solutions used to develop and manufacture materials and coatings for industrial applications and research.
Previous wording
Our core strategy is to focus on growth market applications in end-user markets related to the “electrification of everything,” aerospace and industrial applications. The phrase “electrification of everything” refers to the shift from fossil fuels to the use of electricity to power devices, buildings, electric vehicles or EVs, and many other applications. With respect to aerospace, our systems are being used by our customers to produce ceramic matrix composite materials or CMCs that will be used in next generation jet engines with the objective of reducing jet fuel consumption and contributing to the decarbonization of that industry.
Current wording
Our core strategy is to focus on growth end markets in applications related to aerospace, microelectronics including markets related to the “electrification of everything,” and industrial applications. With respect to aerospace, our systems are being used by our customers to produce ceramic matrix composite materials (“CMCs”) that will be used in next generation gas turbine jet engines with the objective of reducing jet fuel consumption and to produce specialty coatings for advanced high temperature environments.
Previous wording
In February 2024, we received our first order for a PVT200. This is our second customer for PVT equipment. This customer plans to evaluate our equipment with the objective to select a vendor for potential additional purchases of PVT equipment.
Current wording
In February 2024, we received an order from an additional customer for our new PVT200 system used to grow silicon carbide crystals for the manufacture of 200 mm wafers. This represents our second customer for our PVT equipment. This customer plans to evaluate our equipment for potential additional purchases of PVT equipment. We shipped this unit to the customer in the third quarter of 2024.
Previous wording
In February 2024, we received a multisystem order for approximately $10 million that will be used for depositing a silicon carbide protective coating on OEM components.
Current wording
In February 2024, we received a multisystem order from an industrial customer for approximately $10.0 million that will be used for depositing a silicon carbide protective coating on OEM components and the units are expected to be delivered over 18 to 24 months period.
Previous wording
Our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023 was $24.1 million compared to $25.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, a decrease of $1.7 million or 7%.
Current wording
Our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $26.9 million compared to $24.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $2.8 million or 11.5%.
Previous wording
The decrease in revenue versus the prior year period was primarily attributable to decreased revenue of $0.3 million from the CVD Equipment segment related to lower equipment sales and spare parts, $2.0 million decrease from our CVD Materials segment due to the disposition of Tantaline and wind down of MesoScribe’s operations, offset by a $0.6 million increase in revenue from our SDC segment due to higher demand.
Current wording
The increase in revenue versus the prior year period was primarily attributable to higher revenue of $1.9 million from our CVD Equipment segment and a $1.3 million increase in revenue from our SDC segment, offset by lower Tantaline revenues of $0.5 million that was sold in May 2023. Revenue from one aerospace customer for the year ended December 31, 2024 represented 29.5% of our total revenues and 43.4% of CVD Equipment segment revenues.
Previous wording
Our order backlog at December 31, 2023 was approximately $18.4 million as compared to December 31, 2022 of $17.8 million. Our order backlog at December 31, 2023 consists of approximately $16.3 million related to remaining performance obligations of contracts in progress and the balance of approximately $2.1 million represents other orders received from customers. One aerospace customer represented 49.2% of our backlog as of December 31, 2023. Historically, our revenues and orders have fluctuated based on changes in order rate as well as other factors in our manufacturing process that impacts the timing of revenue recognition. Accordingly, orders received from customers and revenue recognized may fluctuate from quarter to quarter.
Current wording
Our order backlog at December 31, 2024 was approximately $19.4 million as compared to December 31, 2023 of $18.4 million. Our order backlog at December 31, 2024 consists of approximately $17.4 million related to remaining performance obligations of contracts in progress and not yet started and the balance of approximately $1.9 million represents other orders received from customers. As of December 31, 2024, one industrial customer represented 41.8% of our backlog and one aerospace customer represented 27.1% of our backlog. Historically, our revenues and orders have fluctuated based on changes in order rate as well as other factors in our manufacturing process that impacts the timing of revenue recognition. Accordingly, orders received from customers and revenue recognized may fluctuate from quarter to quarter.
Previous wording
Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2023 amounted to $5.1 million, with a gross profit margin of 21%, compared to a gross profit of $6.6 million and a gross profit margin of 26% for the year ended December 31, 2022. The decrease in gross profit of $1.6 million was primarily due to significant cost overruns on one contract and lower PVT150 and CVD Materials revenues as compared to 2022.
Current wording
Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2024 amounted to $6.3 million, with a gross profit margin of 23.6%, compared to a gross profit of $5.1 million and a gross profit margin of 21.0% for the year ended December 31, 2023. The increase in gross profit of $1.3 million was primarily due to higher revenues as well as improved margins on CVD contracts in progress and final MesoScribe sales that was partially offset by a $1.3 million non-cash charge to reduce certain PVT inventory to net realizable value.
Previous wording
For the year ended December 31, 2023, research and development expenses were $2.6 million, or 10.8% of revenue as compared to $1.9 million, or 7.4% for the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase in 2023 was the result of increased personnel and employee-related costs to develop new products for key growth markets.
Current wording
For the year ended December 31, 2024, research and development expenses were $2.6 million, or 9.8% of revenue as compared to $2.6 million, or 10.8% for the year ended December 31, 2023. There were no significant changes in research and development expenses as compared to the prior year.
Previous wording
Selling expenses were $1.6 million or 6.8% of the revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023 as compared to $1.2 million or 4.7% for the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase in 2023 was primarily the result of increased personnel and employee-related costs during to support increased marketing efforts.
Current wording
Selling expenses were $1.7 million or 6.2% of the revenue for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to $1.6 million or 6.8% for the year ended December 31, 2023. There were no significant changes in selling expenses as compared to the prior year.
Previous wording
This expense represents the net loss on the sale of our Tantaline subsidiary including professional fees.
Current wording
This expense of $162,000 represents the net loss on the sale of our Tantaline subsidiary including professional fees. This disposition was completed in 2023.
Previous wording
This expense represents the loss on the impairment of certain assets of MesoScribe based on the decision to wind down its operations.
Current wording
This expense represents the loss on the impairment of certain assets of MesoScribe based on the decision to wind down its operations made in 2023.
Previous wording
Other income, net was $0.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 as compared to other income, net of $1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Current wording
Other income, net was $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to other income, net of $0.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. Other income is principally interest income on treasury bills.
Previous wording
Income tax (benefit) expense for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, was ($14,000) and $4,000, respectively. We continue to evaluate for potential utilization of our deferred tax asset, which has been fully reserved for, on a quarterly basis, by reviewing our economic models, including projections of future operating results.
Current wording
Income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, was $24,000 and $(14,000) respectively. We continue to evaluate for potential utilization of our deferred tax asset, which has been fully reserved for, on a quarterly basis, by reviewing our economic models, including projections of future operating results.
Previous wording
As of December 31, 2023, we had aggregate working capital of $14.3 million compared to aggregate working capital of $15.5 million at December 31, 2022. Our cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2023 and 2022 were $14.0 million and $14.4 million, respectively.
Current wording
As of December 31, 2024, we had aggregate working capital of $13.9 million compared to aggregate working capital of $14.3 million at December 31, 2023. Our cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2024 and 2023 were $12.6 million and $14.0 million, respectively.
Previous wording
This discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations is based on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, or U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported periods. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Current wording
This discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations is based on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, or U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported periods.
Rearranged current paragraphs (2)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
The phrase “electrification of everything” refers to the shift from fossil fuels to the use of electricity to power devices, buildings, electric vehicles (“EVs”), and many other applications.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.