DROPBOX INC
For the period ended Dec 31, 2024. Filed Feb 21, 2025.
View on SEC.govAbout this filing
A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.
FY2024 · Filed Feb 21, 2025
DBX$34.66-3.1%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-K
Period ended 2023-12-31; filed 2024-02-16.
0001467623-24-000008
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-K
Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-02-21.
0001467623-25-000011
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 161 previous paragraphs and 161 current paragraphs.
84 unchanged; 52 reworded; 25 added; 23 removed; 2 previous and 0 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 17 previous and 17 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (25)
Current report
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we experienced mixed performance across our plans. Growth in Individual plans was offset by ongoing pressure within our Teams plans, as businesses faced a challenging operating environment. Additionally, while DocSend delivered better-than-anticipated results, FormSwift faced continued pressure in the second half of the year.
Current report
Cybersecurity
Current report
In April 2024, we became aware of unauthorized access to the Dropbox Sign production environment, as previously disclosed in our Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 1, 2024. While we remain subject to various risks due to the incident, including ongoing litigation and regulatory scrutiny, as of the date of this filing, it has not had, and no facts have come to light indicating that it is likely to have, a material impact on Dropbox’s overall financial condition or results of operations.
Current report
Our ARR fluctuates and may decrease in some periods as compared to prior periods. For example, ARR decreased in the fourth quarter of 2024 as compared to the third quarter of 2024 as a result of increased churn in Teams plans offset by growth in Individual plans. We expect a slight decline in our ARR growth in the near term due to our strategic decision to significantly reduce our investments in Formswift at the beginning of 2025, decreased resourcing due to our reduction in workforce, and headwinds stemming from a challenging operating environment, particularly as it relates to our Teams plans.
Current report
The number of paying users as of December 31, 2024 grew as compared to December 31, 2023, largely from an increase in paying users in Individual plans and from our acquisition of Reclaim partially offset by a decrease in paying users due to downsell pressures across our Teams plans. However, our overall paying user growth rate has declined and may decline in the future.
Current report
Our FCF increased for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to an increase in cash provided by operating activities for the reasons discussed below, including improvements in operating efficiencies, partially offset by an increase in payments related to our 2024 reduction in workforce as compared to our 2023 reduction in workforce.
Current report
Interest income, net
Current report
Other income (loss), net
Current report
Provision for income taxes
Current report
Revenue increased $46.6 million or 1.9% during the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to an increase of $43.4 million from additional paying users, an increased mix of sales towards our higher priced plans, as well as a shift to monthly subscription plans, which have a higher price point than our annual plans. Revenue was positively impacted by $3.2 million from changes in foreign exchange rates across multiple currencies.
Current report
Cost of revenue decreased $33.4 million or 7.0% during the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to a decrease of $26.2 million in infrastructure costs, as a result of the $30.5 million benefit due to the change in useful lives from 4 to 5 years for certain infrastructure and component assets during the year ended December 31, 2024.
Current report
Research and development expenses decreased $21.6 million or 2.3% during the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to decreases of $12.3 million in allocated overhead and $7.6 million in employee related costs. These decreases were offset by an increase of $1.9 million in severance, benefits & other related costs due to our 2024 reduction in workforce, as compared to our 2023 reduction in workforce.
Current report
Sales and marketing expenses decreased $5.3 million or 1.1% during the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to decreases of $17.3 million in employee related costs and $4.1 million in overhead. These decreases were offset by increases of $5.8 million in severance, benefits & other related costs due to our 2024 reduction in workforce, as compared to our 2023 reduction in workforce and $4.3 million related to advertising and other marketing related expenses.
Current report
Interest income, net
Current report
Interest income, net decreased by $5.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to interest on our outstanding term loan debt.
Current report
Other income (loss), net
Current report
Other income (loss), net increased by $13.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to a $6.0 million gain on real estate assets as a result of a one-time payment from a subtenant and $4.2 million increase in foreign currency transaction gains.
Current report
Provision for income taxes
Current report
Provision for income taxes decreased $43.3 million during theyear ended December 31, 2024, as compared to theyear ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to the impact of the 2023 lease amendment on prior year income before income taxes, an increase in tax credits, and reductions to our unrecognized tax benefits due to an effective settlement with a foreign taxing authority.
Current report
In December 2024, we entered into a secured five-year term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $2.0 billion, consisting of initial term loans and delayed draw term loan commitments each in an aggregate principal amount of up to $1.0 billion, respectively. The terms of the agreement also provide for a secured letter of credit facility in an aggregate amount of up to $35.0 million. The term loans have a maturity date of December 11, 2029, with quarterly principal payments beginning on March 31, 2025 and continuing on the last business day of each quarter thereafter, equal to 0.25% of the original principal amount of such term loans. As of December 31, 2024, we had $1.0 billion outstanding on the initial term loans, no amounts outstanding on the delayed draw term loan commitments, and no letters of credit issued under the secured letter of credit facility.
Current report
Interest on borrowings under the term loan facility accrues at either an alternate base rate or a term SOFR rate (further described in Note 8 "Debt") at the Company's option. Pursuant to the terms of the term loan facility, we are required to pay a quarterly commitment fee that accrues at a rate of 1.00% per annum on the unused portion of the delayed draw term loan commitments.
Current report
The term loan facility permits the Company, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions, including obtaining commitments from new or existing lenders, to add new term loan facilities or increase the term loan commitments under the term loan agreement, in each case, subject to certain limits. Additionally, the term loan agreement contains customary representations and warranties, customary affirmative and negative covenants, and customary events of default. Failure to comply with these covenants may result in a portion of the outstanding term loan debt becoming due immediately. We were in compliance with all covenants under the term loan facility as of December 31, 2024.
Current report
The increase of $110.4 million in net cash provided by operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, was primarily due to an increase of $75.1 million in net income, as adjusted for stock-based compensation and depreciation and amortization expenses. Additionally, there was a decrease of $35.3 million in cash outflows from changes in operating assets and liabilities.
Current report
The increase of $48.6 million in net cash provided by investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, was primarily due to an increase of $97.2 million in net investment activity inflows and a decrease of $1.8 million in cash paid for capital expenditures, offset by an increase of $57.8 million in cash paid for acquisitions.
Current report
The decrease of $212.6 million in net cash used in financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, was primarily due to proceeds from the term loan facility, net of debt issuance costs of $950.0 million, offset by an increase of $701.7 million in repurchases of our common stock and an increase of $17.7 million in cash paid for the release of acquisition-related indemnity holdback payments after the acquisition date in accordance with the merger agreement.
Removed paragraphs (23)
Previous report
During the year ended December 31, 2023, we saw strength within our Individuals plans, but macro headwinds weighed on our Teams plans as well as on FormSwift, DocSend and Dropbox Sign, as customers are being more prudent with their spend and exhibiting higher levels of price sensitivity.
Previous report
Our ARR fluctuates and may decline in some periods as compared to prior periods. For example, ARR declined in the fourth quarter of 2023 as compared to the third quarter of 2023 as a result of factors including our decision to deprecate our previous "as much space as you need" policy for Advanced plans which resulted in incremental churn and reduced top-of funnel interest, as well as a challenging macro environment, and seasonality within our business. We expect to drive ARR growth, however the pace of our future growth may be lower relative to prior periods.
Previous report
We experienced growth in the number of paying users for the periods presented largely from our self-serve channels as well as from FormSwift. However, our overall paying user growth rate has declined and may decline in the future.
Previous report
Our FCF decreased for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily due to payments related to our reduction in workforce during the year ended December 31, 2023.
Previous report
Interest income (expense), net
Previous report
Other (loss) income, net
Previous report
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes
Previous report
(4)Results of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 includes a one-time benefit from income taxes of $420.2 million due to the release of a valuation allowance on the U.S. federal and certain state deferred tax assets.
Previous report
(4)Results of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 includes a one-time benefit from income taxes of $420.2 million due to the release of a valuation allowance on the U.S. federal and certain state deferred tax assets.
Previous report
Revenue increased $176.7 million or 7.6% during the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily due to an increase of $215.7 million from additional paying users, and the acquisition of FormSwift in the fourth quarter of 2022. These increases were offset by a $39.0 million unfavorable impact from changes in foreign exchange rates across multiple currencies.
Previous report
Cost of revenue increased $34.3 million or 7.7% during the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily due to increases of $13.4 million in infrastructure costs, $7.2 million in credit card fees, $6.3 million in amortization of intangible assets, $5.0 million in outside services, and $2.7 million in employee-related costs.
Previous report
Research and development expenses increased $44.6 million or 5.0% during the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily due to an increase of $29.7 million in employee-related costs driven by costs attributable to our reduction in workforce, including severance. Additionally, there was an increase of $18.0 million in third-party hosting and software fees. These increases were offset by a decrease of $4.9 million in allocated overhead.
Previous report
Sales and marketing expenses increased $56.6 million or 13.8% during the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily due to increases of $36.9 million related to advertising and other marketing related expenses, $8.1 million in amortization of intangible assets, $6.3 million in employee-related costs, and $5.5 million in app store fees due to increased sales.
Previous report
Interest income (expense), net
Previous report
Interest income (expense), net increased by $16.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily due to higher interest income as a result of interest rate increases.
Previous report
Other (loss) income, net
Previous report
Other (loss) income, net decreased by $11.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily due to a $6.2 million reduction in other income from sales of retired infrastructure assets and a $5.1 million decrease in gains on equity investments.
Previous report
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes
Previous report
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes increased $461.3 million during theyear ended December 31, 2023, as compared to theyear ended December 31, 2022, primarily due to $420.2 million of tax benefits from the release of the valuation allowance on the U.S. federal and certain state deferred tax assets in the year ended December 31, 2022, and an increase in income before income taxes in the year ended December 31, 2023.
Previous report
In April 2017, we entered into a $600.0 million credit facility with a syndicate of financial institutions, which we subsequently amended in February 2018, February 2021, and March 2023. Pursuant to the terms of the revolving credit facility, we may issue letters of credit under the revolving credit facility, which reduce the total amount available for borrowing under such facility. In February 2018, we amended our revolving credit facility to, among other things, permit us to make certain investments, enter into an unsecured standby letter of credit facility, and increase our standby letter of credit sublimit to $187.5 million. We also increased our borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility from $600.0 million to $725.0 million. In February 2021, we amended our revolving credit facility to decrease our borrowing capacity from $725.0 million to $500.0 million and the letter of credit sublimit from $187.5 million to $65.0 million. We may from time-to-time request increases in the borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility of up to $250.0 million, provided no event of default has occurred or is continuing or would result from such increase. In March 2023, we amended the revolving credit facility to update our borrowing benchmark from LIBOR to SOFR. The revolving credit facility terminates on February 23, 2026.
Previous report
Interest on borrowings under the revolving credit facility accrues at a variable rate tied to SOFR or an alternative base rate, at our election. Interest is payable quarterly in arrears. Pursuant to the terms of the revolving credit facility, we are required to pay an annual commitment fee that accrues at a rate of 0.20% per annum on the unused portion of the borrowing commitments under the revolving credit facility. In addition, we are required to pay a fee in connection with letters of credit issued under the revolving credit facility that accrues at a rate of 1.375% per annum on the amount of such letters of credit outstanding. There is an additional fronting fee of 0.125% per annum multiplied by the average aggregate daily maximum amount available under all letters of credit.
Previous report
The revolving credit facility contains customary conditions to borrowing, events of default, and covenants, including covenants that restrict our ability to incur indebtedness, grant liens, make distributions to our holders or our subsidiaries’ equity interests, make investments, or engage in transactions with our affiliates. In addition, the revolving credit facility contains financial covenants, including a consolidated leverage ratio incurrence covenant and a minimum liquidity balance. We were in compliance with all covenants under the revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2023.
Previous report
As of December 31, 2023, we had no amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility and an aggregate of $31.7 million in letters of credit issued under the revolving credit facility. Our total available borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility was $468.3 million as of December 31, 2023.
Reworded paragraphs (52)
Previous wording
By solving these universal problems, we’ve become invaluable to our users. The popularity of our platform allows us to scale efficiently. We’ve built a thriving global business with 18.12 million paying users.
Current wording
By solving these universal problems, we’ve become invaluable to our users. The popularity of our platform allows us to scale efficiently. We’ve built a thriving global business with 18.22 million paying users.
Previous wording
We generate revenue from individuals, families, teams, and organizations by selling subscriptions to our platform, which serve the varying needs of our diverse customer base. Subscribers can purchase individual licenses through our Plus, Professional or Essentials plan, or purchase multiple licenses through our Family plan or our Standard, Advanced, Business, Business Plus and Enterprise team plans. Each team or family represents a separately billed deployment that is managed through a single administrative dashboard. Teams must have a minimum of three users, but can also have more than tens of thousands of users. Families can have up to six users. Customers can choose between an annual or monthly plan, with a small number of large organizations on multi-year plans. A majority of our customers opt for our annual plans, although we have seen and may continue to see an increase in customers opting for our monthly plans. We typically bill our customers at the beginning of their respective terms and recognize revenue ratably over the term of the subscription period. International customers can pay in U.S. dollars or a select number of foreign currencies.
Current wording
We generate revenue from individuals, families, teams, and organizations by selling subscriptions to our platform, which serve the varying needs of our diverse customer base. Subscribers can purchase individual licenses through our Plus, Professional or Essentials plan, or purchase multiple licenses through our Family plan or our Standard, Advanced, Business, Business Plus and Enterprise team plans. We have also introduced Dash for Business, our AI-powered universal search tool, which we offer to teams at an additional cost. Each team or family represents a separately billed deployment that is managed through a single administrative dashboard. Teams must have a minimum of three users, but can also have more than tens of thousands of users. Families can have up to six users. Customers can choose between an annual or monthly plan, with a small number of large organizations on multi-year plans. A majority of our customers opt for our annual plans, although we have seen and may continue to see an increase in customers opting for our monthly plans. We typically bill our customers at the beginning of their respective terms and recognize revenue ratably over the term of the subscription period. International customers can pay in U.S. dollars or a select number of foreign currencies.
Previous wording
Our premium subscription plans, such as Professional and Advanced, provide more functionality than other subscription plans and have higher per user prices. Our Standard and Advanced subscription plans offer robust capabilities for businesses, and the vast majority of Dropbox Business teams purchase our Standard or Advanced subscription plans. While our Enterprise subscription plan offers more opportunities for customization, companies can subscribe to any of these team plans for their business needs.
Current wording
Our premium subscription plans, such as Professional and Advanced, provide more functionality than our other subscription plans and have higher per user prices. Our Standard and Advanced subscription plans offer robust capabilities for businesses, and the vast majority of Dropbox Business teams purchase our Standard or Advanced subscription plans. While our Enterprise subscription plan offers more opportunities for customization, companies can subscribe to any of these team plans for their business needs.
Previous wording
We also offer DocSend as our secure document sharing and analytics solution. DocSend offers paid subscription plans, including a personal plan designed for individuals and Standard, Advanced, and Enterprise plans designed for business users and teams. Similar to Dropbox plans, pricing of DocSend's plans is based on the number of licenses purchased. Customers can choose between an annual or monthly plan, with a small number of large organizations on multi-year plans. We typically bill
Current wording
We also offer DocSend as our secure document sharing and analytics solution. DocSend offers paid subscription plans, including a personal plan designed for individuals and Standard, Advanced, and Enterprise plans designed for business users and teams. Similar to Dropbox plans, pricing of DocSend's plans is based on the number of licenses purchased. Customers can choose between an annual or monthly plan, with a small number of large organizations on multi-year plans. We typically bill DocSend customers at the beginning of their respective terms and recognize revenue ratably over the subscription period. DocSend primarily sells within the United States, and the majority of sales are in U.S. dollars.
Previous wording
We offer a range of paid subscription plans, from Plus, Professional, Essentials and Family for individuals to Standard, Advanced, Business, Business Plus and Enterprise for teams. We analyze usage patterns within our network and run hundreds of targeted marketing campaigns to encourage paying users to upgrade their plans. We prompt individual subscribers who collaborate with others on Dropbox to purchase our Standard, Advanced or Business, and Business Plus plans for a better team experience, and we also encourage existing Dropbox Business teams to purchase additional licenses or to upgrade to premium subscription plans. We also aim to offer additional products that expand our content collaboration capabilities, such as through our acquisitions of Dropbox Sign, DocSend and FormSwift.
Current wording
We offer a range of paid subscription plans, from Plus, Professional, Essentials and Family for individuals to Standard, Advanced, Business, Business Plus and Enterprise for teams. We analyze usage patterns within our network and run hundreds of targeted marketing campaigns to encourage paying users to upgrade their plans. We prompt individual subscribers who collaborate with others on Dropbox to purchase our Standard, Advanced or Business, and Business Plus plans for a better team experience, and we also encourage existing Dropbox Business teams to purchase additional licenses or to upgrade to premium subscription plans. We also aim to offer additional products that expand our content collaboration capabilities, such as through our acquisitions of Dropbox Sign, DocSend and Reclaim.
Previous wording
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic led us to reimagine the way we work, resulting in our announcement in October 2020 of our shift to a Virtual First work model pursuant to which remote work has become the primary experience for all of our employees. As a result, we expect that our workforce will continue to become more distributed over time, although we are continuing to offer our employees opportunities for in-person collaboration in all locations we currently have offices, either through our existing real-estate that were repurposed into collaborative spaces called “Dropbox Studios” or new, flexible spaces known as “On-Demand Spaces”. Consistent with this strategy, we have retained a portion of our office space while the remainder is being or will be subleased.
Current wording
In October 2020, we announced our Virtual First work model pursuant to which remote work has become the primary experience for all of our employees. As a result, we have seen our workforce become more distributed over time, although we are continuing to offer our employees opportunities for in-person collaboration in all locations we currently have offices, either through our existing real-estate that were repurposed into collaborative spaces called “Dropbox Studios” or flexible workspaces known as “On-Demand Spaces”. Consistent with this strategy, we have retained a portion of our office space while the remainder is being or will be subleased.
Previous wording
We recorded impairment charges to net (gain) loss on real estate assets of $3.6 million and $175.2 million during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, related to real estate assets as a result of changes in the corporate real estate market which impacted the Company's subleasing strategy in conjunction with our Virtual First model. See Note 9, "Leases" for additional information. We may incur additional impairment charges depending on the state of the corporate real estate market or shifts in our Virtual First strategy. In addition to generating sublease income, we expect that as a result of our Virtual First model, we will continue to see savings in certain areas, including reductions in facilities related costs and depreciation expense due to these impairment charges.
Current wording
We recorded impairment charges to net loss (gain) on real estate assets of $0.1 million and $3.6 million during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, related to right-of-use assets and other lease related property and equipment assets. See Note 9, "Leases" for additional information. We may incur additional impairment charges depending on the state of the corporate real estate market or shifts in our Virtual First strategy.
Previous wording
Our overall performance depends in part on worldwide economic and geopolitical conditions and their impact on customer behavior. Worsening economic conditions, including the U.S. Federal Reserve raising interest rates, volatility and uncertainty in the banking and financial services sector, tightening of credit markets, changes in the corporate real estate market, and fluctuations in currency exchange rates impacted our results of operations during the year ended December 31, 2023.
Current wording
Our overall performance depends in part on worldwide economic and geopolitical conditions and their impact on customer behavior. Uncertain economic conditions including inflation, fluctuations in interest rates, fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, and other conditions may adversely impact our results of operations and financial performance.
Previous wording
Our results of operations and cash flows are also subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates relative to U.S. dollars, our reporting currency, as well as changes in interest rates. Volatile market conditions, directly or indirectly related to macroeconomic or geopolitical events, have, at times, and may in the future negatively impact our results of operations and cash flows. Conversely, we have seen and may continue to see cost savings from the shift to remote and distributed work for all of our employees in areas including events, travel, utilities, and other benefits. Due to our subscription-based business model, any impact of the current macroeconomic environment on our business, particularly as a result of changes in our customer behavior, may not be fully reflected in our results of operations until future periods, if at all. For a further discussion of the potential impacts of the macroeconomic environment on our business, see “Risk Factors” included in Part I, Item 1A. of this report.
Current wording
We have seen and may continue to see cost savings from our Virtual First work model in areas including events, travel, utilities, and other benefits. Due to our subscription-based business model, any impact of the current macroeconomic environment on our business, particularly as a result of changes in our customer behavior, may not be fully reflected in our results of operations until future periods, if at all. For a further discussion of the potential impacts of the macroeconomic environment on our business, see “Risk Factors” included in Part I, Item 1A. of this report.
Previous wording
On April 27, 2023, we announced a reduction of our global workforce by approximately 16% to streamline our team structure in support of our long-term growth and profitability objectives. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we incurred $39.3 million of expenses related to severance, benefits, and other related items. See Note 1 "Description of the Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Reduction in Workforce" in our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.
Current wording
In October 2024, we announced a reduction of our global workforce by approximately 20% to streamline our team structure to better align with our long-term growth and profitability objectives. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred $47.2 million of expenses related to severance, benefits, and other related items. See Note 1 "Description of the Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Reduction in Workforce" for additional information.
Previous wording
We experienced an increase in Total ARR for the period ended December 31, 2023, compared to the period ended December 31, 2022 as a result of an increased mix of sales from our higher-priced subscription plans. In 2023, ARR was negatively impacted by the foreign currency exchange rates used to calculate ARR compared to 2022, as we update exchange rates annually at the beginning of the year.
Current wording
Total ARR increased for the period ended December 31, 2024, compared to the period ended December 31, 2023 primarily driven by an increase in paying users in our Individual plans offset by upsell weakness and churn in Teams plans. In 2024, ARR was positively impacted by the foreign currency exchange rates used to calculate ARR compared to 2023, as we update exchange rates annually at the beginning of the year.
Previous wording
Revaluing our ending Total ARR for fiscal 2023 using exchange rates set at the beginning of fiscal 2024, Total ARR at the end of fiscal 2023 would be $2,540 million.
Current wording
Revaluing our ending Total ARR for fiscal 2024 using exchange rates set at the beginning of fiscal 2025, Total ARR at the end of fiscal 2024 would be $2,567 million.
Previous wording
For FormSwift and DocSend, we define paying users as the number of users who have active paid licenses for access to our platform as of the end of the period.
Current wording
For DocSend, FormSwift and Reclaim, we define paying users as the number of users who have active paid licenses for access to our platform as of the end of the period.
Previous wording
The total number of paying users fluctuates and may decline in some periods as compared to prior periods. For example, paying users declined in the fourth quarter of 2023 as compared to the third quarter of 2023 primarily as a result of our decision to reduce the prominence of our Family plan on our Plans pages as well as expected seasonality within our business. We expect to drive paying user growth, however the pace of our future growth may be lower relative to prior periods.
Current wording
The total number of paying users fluctuates and may decrease in some periods as compared to prior periods. For example, paying users decreased slightly in the fourth quarter of 2024 as compared to the third quarter of 2024 primarily due to challenges in Teams and expected seasonality within our business offset by growth in Individual plans. We expect a slight decrease in our net new paying users in the near term, due to our strategic decision to significantly reduce our investments in FormSwift at the beginning of 2025, decreased resourcing due to our reduction in workforce, and a challenging operating environment, particularly as it relates to Teams plans.
Previous wording
As a result of an increased mix of sales towards our higher-priced subscription plans, and our acquisition of FormSwift in the fourth quarter of 2022, offset by Family Plan growth as it carries a lower price per user, and the impact of unfavorable foreign exchange rates across multiple currencies, we experienced an increase in our average revenue per paying user for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, respectively.
Current wording
As a result of an increased mix of sales towards our higher priced plans, as well as a shift to monthly subscription plans, which have a higher price point than our annual plans, we experienced an increase in our average revenue per paying user for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, respectively.
Previous wording
We expect our FCF to generally increase in future periods as we increase subscription sales and drive operating efficiencies. We expect to continue to purchase infrastructure equipment to support our user base and anticipate that our capital expenditures will generally remain consistent in future periods as we continue to invest in our internal infrastructure, network and security. The timing of our operating expenses as described below, may result in FCF to vary from period to period as a percentage of revenue.
Current wording
We expect our FCF to generally increase in the near term as we drive operating efficiencies, partly due to our 2024 reduction in workforce. We expect to continue to purchase infrastructure equipment to support our user base and anticipate that our capital expenditures will generally remain consistent in future periods as we continue to invest in our internal infrastructure, network and security. The timing of our operating expenses as described below, may cause FCF to vary from period to period as a percentage of revenue.
Previous wording
We plan to continue increasing the capacity and enhancing the capability and reliability of our infrastructure to support user growth and increased use of our platform. We expect that cost of revenue will decrease in absolute dollars in the near term due to the useful lives of certain infrastructure server and component assets increasing from four to five years and increase in absolute dollars in the long term. The expected change in useful lives is described in Item 7. "Change in Accounting Estimate".
Current wording
We plan to continue increasing the capacity and enhancing the capability and reliability of our infrastructure to support user growth and increased use of our platform. We expect that cost of revenue will decrease slightly in absolute dollars in the near term due to a one-time benefit of increasing the useful lives of certain infrastructure server and component assets from four to five years and increase in absolute dollars in the long term as the benefit lapses. See Note 1. "Description of the Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Use of Estimates" for additional information.
Previous wording
Gross margin. Gross margin is gross profit expressed as a percentage of revenue. Our gross margin may fluctuate from period to period based on the timing of additional capital expenditures and the related depreciation expense, or other increases in our infrastructure costs, as well as revenue fluctuations. We generally expect our gross margin to remain relatively constant in both the near term and the long term.
Current wording
Gross margin. Gross margin is gross profit expressed as a percentage of revenue. Our gross margin may fluctuate from period to period based on the timing of additional capital expenditures and the related depreciation expense, or other increases in our infrastructure costs, as well as revenue fluctuations. We expect gross margin to decrease slightly in the near term as we lap the benefit of our extension of useful lives of certain infrastructure server and component assets and remain relatively constant in the long term. See Note 1. "Description of the Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Use of Estimates" for additional information.
Previous wording
We expect that research and development costs will decrease in absolute dollars and as a percentage of revenue in the near term and fluctuate in absolute dollars and decrease as a percentage of revenue in the long term as we reinvest some savings from our reduction in workforce that occurred in the second quarter of 2023 into future growth initiatives. We plan to continue to hire employees for our engineering, product, and design teams in roles critical to those initiatives.
Current wording
We expect that research and development costs will decrease in absolute dollars and as a percentage of revenue in both the near term and long term as a result of our 2024 reduction in workforce, partially offset by continued hiring for our engineering, product, and design teams in roles critical to our future growth initiatives.
Previous wording
We expect that sales and marketing expenses will fluctuate in absolute dollars and as a percentage of revenue in both the near term and long term. We plan to continue to invest in sales and marketing, long term, to grow our user base and increase our brand awareness. The trend and timing of sales and marketing expenses will depend in part on the timing of marketing campaigns.
Current wording
We expect that sales and marketing expenses will decrease in absolute dollars and as a percentage of revenue in both the near term and long term as a result of our 2024 reduction in workforce, partially offset by continued investment in sales and marketing in the long term, in order to grow our user base and increase our brand awareness. The trend and timing of sales and marketing expenses will depend in part on the timing of marketing campaigns.
Previous wording
General and administrative. Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of employee-related costs for our legal, finance, human resources, and other administrative teams, as well as certain executives. In addition, general and administrative expenses include expenses related to our reduction in workforce such as severance, benefits and other related items, allocated overhead, outside legal, accounting and other professional fees, and non income-based taxes.
Current wording
General and administrative. Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of employee-related costs for our legal, finance, human resources, and other administrative teams, as well as certain executives. In addition, general and administrative expenses include expenses related to our reduction in workforce such as severance, benefits and other related items, allocated overhead, outside legal, accounting and other professional fees, non income-based taxes, and the recognition of stock-based compensation expense related to the grant of restricted stock made to our co-founder.
Previous wording
We expect to incur additional general and administrative expenses to support the growth of the Company. General and administrative expenses include the recognition of stock-based compensation expense related to the grant of restricted stock made to our co-founder. We expect that general and administrative expenses will fluctuate in absolute dollars in future periods and remain relatively constant in both the near term and the long term as a percentage of revenue.
Current wording
We expect to incur additional general and administrative expenses to support the growth of the Company. We expect that general and administrative expenses will fluctuate in absolute dollars in future periods and remain relatively constant in both the near term and the long term as a percentage of revenue.
Previous wording
Net (gain) loss on real estate assets consists primarily of a gain due to the partial termination of our lease for our San Francisco, California corporate headquarters in 2023 and impairment charges related to certain right-of-use assets and other lease related assets in 2023 and 2022. See Note 9, "Leases" for additional information.
Current wording
Net loss (gain) on real estate assets consists of impairment charges related to certain right-of-use assets and other lease related property and equipment assets in 2024 and 2023 and a gain due to the partial termination of our lease for our San Francisco, California corporate headquarters in 2023. See Note 9, "Leases" for additional information.
Previous wording
Interest income (expense), net consists primarily of interest income earned on our money market funds classified as cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments as well as interest expense related to our finance lease obligations for infrastructure and amortization of debt issuance costs.
Current wording
Interest income, net consists primarily of interest income earned on our investments classified as cash and cash equivalents, and short-term investments, offset by interest expense related to our term loan facility, finance lease obligations for infrastructure and amortization of debt issuance costs.
Previous wording
Other (loss) income, net consists of other non-operating gains or losses, including those related to gains or losses on sale of assets, foreign currency transaction gains and losses, lease arrangements, which include sublease income, and realized gains and losses related to our short-term investments.
Current wording
Other income (loss), net consists of other non-operating gains or losses, including those related to gains or losses on sale of assets, foreign currency transaction gains and losses, lease arrangements, which include sublease income, and realized gains and losses related to our short-term investments.
Previous wording
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes consists primarily of U.S. federal, state and foreign jurisdiction income taxes. For 2023, the difference between the U.S. statutory rate and our effective tax rate is primarily due to jurisdictional mix of earnings, tax credits and state income taxes. For 2022, the difference between the U.S. statutory rate and our effective tax rate is primarily due to changes to the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, research credits and the impact of capitalization of research and experimental expenditures.
Current wording
Provision for income taxes consists of U.S. federal, state and foreign jurisdiction income taxes. For 2024 and 2023, the difference between the U.S. statutory rate and our effective tax rate is primarily due to jurisdictional mix of earnings, tax credits, state income taxes, and changes to our unrecognized tax benefits.
Previous wording
(2)Includes expenses related to our reduction in workforce such as severance, benefits and other related items during the year ended December 31, 2023. See Note 1, "Description of the Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Reduction in Workforce" for additional information.
Current wording
(2)Includes expenses related to the Company's reduction in workforce such as severance, benefits and other related items during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. See Note 1, "Description of the Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Reduction in Workforce" for additional information.
Previous wording
(3)Includes a one-time gain of $158.8 million related to the partial termination of our lease for our San Francisco, California corporate headquarters for the year ended December 31, 2023 and impairment charges related to real estate assets for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
Current wording
(3)Includes a one-time gain of $158.8 million related to the partial termination of the Company's lease for its San Francisco, California corporate headquarters for the year ended December 31, 2023 and impairment charges related to real estate assets for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Previous wording
(5)On March 15, 2023, our President resigned, resulting in the reversal of $6.7 million in stock-based compensation expense. Of the total amount reversed, $4.4 million related to expense recognized prior to January 1, 2023.
Current wording
(4)On March 15, 2023, the former President resigned, resulting in the reversal of $6.7 million in stock-based compensation expense. Of the total amount reversed, $4.4 million related to expense recognized prior to January 1, 2023.
Previous wording
(2)Includes expenses related to our reduction in workforce such as severance, benefits and other related items during the year ended December 31, 2023. See Note 1, "Description of the Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Reduction in Workforce" for additional information.
Current wording
(2)Includes expenses related to the Company's reduction in workforce such as severance, benefits and other related items during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. See Note 1, "Description of the Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Reduction in Workforce" for additional information.
Previous wording
(3)Includes a one-time gain of $158.8 million related to the partial termination of our lease for our San Francisco, California corporate headquarters for the year ended December 31, 2023 and impairment charges related to real estate assets for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
Current wording
(3)Includes a one-time gain of $158.8 million related to the partial termination of the Company's lease for its San Francisco, California corporate headquarters for the year ended December 31, 2023 and impairment charges related to real estate assets for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Previous wording
(5)On March 15, 2023, our President resigned, resulting in the reversal of $6.7 million in stock-based compensation expense. Of the total amount reversed, $4.4 million related to expense recognized prior to January 1, 2023.
Current wording
(4)On March 15, 2023, the former President resigned, resulting in the reversal of $6.7 million in stock-based compensation expense. Of the total amount reversed, $4.4 million related to expense recognized prior to January 1, 2023.
Previous wording
Our gross margin remained flat during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily due to a 7.6% increase in revenue during the period, which was offset by an increase in our cost of revenue described above.
Current wording
Our gross margin increased during the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to a 1.9% increase in revenue during the period and a 7.0% decrease in our cost of revenue as described above.
Previous wording
General and administrative expenses increased $14.2 million or 6.4% during the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily due to increases of $18.3 million in employee-related costs, $4.4 million in allocated overhead, and $2.4 million in outside services. These increases were offset by a decrease of $9.0 million in non-income based taxes.
Current wording
General and administrative expenses increased $4.1 million or 1.7% during the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to increases of $3.0 million in non-income based taxes and $2.7 million in outside services.
Previous wording
Net (gain) loss on real estate assets was $(155.2) million and $175.2 million during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, primarily due to a gain of $158.8 million as a result of the partial termination of our lease for our San Francisco, California corporate headquarters, offset by $3.6 million of impairment charges during the year ended December 31, 2023 as compared to $175.2 million of impairment charges for the year ended December 31, 2022 due to changes in the corporate real estate market, which impacted our subleasing strategy in conjunction with our Virtual First model .
Current wording
Net loss on real estate assets was $0.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2024 due to impairment related to real estate assets. Net gain on real estate assets was $155.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 primarily due to a gain of $158.8 million as a result of the partial termination of our lease for our San Francisco, California corporate headquarters, offset by $3.6 million of impairment charges.
Previous wording
As of December 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $614.9 million and short-term investments of $741.1 million, which were held for working capital purposes. Our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments consist primarily of cash, money market funds, corporate notes and obligations, U.S. Treasury securities, certificates of deposit, asset-backed securities, commercial paper, foreign government securities, U.S. agency obligations, supranational securities, and municipal securities. As of December 31, 2023, $362.7 million of our cash and cash equivalents was held by our foreign subsidiaries. We do not expect to incur material taxes in the event we repatriate any of these amounts. Our cash is held at several large financial institutions and our investments are focused on the preservation of capital, fulfillment of our liquidity needs, and maximization of investment performance within the parameters set forth in our investment policy and subject to market conditions. The investment policy sets forth credit rating minimums, permissible allocations, and limits our exposure to specific investment types. We believe these policies mitigate our exposure to risk concentrations.
Current wording
As of December 31, 2024, we had cash and cash equivalents of $1.3 billion and short-term investments of $265.9 million, which were held for working capital purposes. Our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments consist primarily of cash, money market funds, corporate notes and obligations, U.S. Treasury securities, certificates of deposit, asset-backed securities, commercial paper, foreign government securities, U.S. agency obligations, supranational securities, and municipal securities. As of December 31, 2024, $410.3 million of our cash and cash equivalents was held by our foreign subsidiaries. We do not expect to incur material taxes in the event we repatriate any of these amounts. Our cash is held at several large financial institutions and our investments are focused on the preservation of capital, fulfillment of our liquidity needs, and maximization of investment performance within the parameters set forth in our investment policy and subject to market conditions. The investment policy sets forth credit rating minimums, permissible allocations, and limits our exposure to specific investment types. We believe these policies mitigate our exposure to risk concentrations.
Previous wording
We have historically financed our operations primarily through cash generated from our operations, the issuance of the Notes, equity issuances, and finance leases to finance infrastructure-related assets in co-location facilities that we directly lease and operate. We enter into finance leases in part to better match the timing of payments for infrastructure-related assets with that of cash received from our paying users. In our business model, some of our registered users convert to paying users over time, and consequently there is a lag between initial investment in infrastructure assets and cash received from some of our users. We also have a $500.0 million credit facility for additional working capital flexibility, as described below.
Current wording
We have historically financed our operations primarily through cash generated from our operations, the convertible senior notes (the "Notes") issuance, borrowings from our term loan facility, equity issuances, and finance leases to finance infrastructure-related assets in co-location facilities that we directly lease and operate. We enter into finance leases in part to better match the timing of payments for infrastructure-related assets with that of cash received from our paying users. In our business model, some of our registered users convert to paying users over time, and consequently there is a lag between initial investment in infrastructure assets and cash received from some of our users. We also have a term loan facility for additional working capital flexibility, as described below.
Previous wording
In February 2021, we issued approximately $1.4 billion in aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes (the “Notes”), comprised of $695.8 million in aggregate principal amount of 2026 Notes and $693.3 million in aggregate principal amount of 2028 Notes. The net proceeds from the issuance of the 2026 Notes and 2028 Notes were $684.8 million, net of debt issuance costs, and $682.3 million, net of debt issuance costs, respectively. The 2026 Notes mature on March 1, 2026 and the 2028 Notes mature on March 1, 2028. The Notes of each series do not bear regular interest and the principal does not accrete. The Notes of each series may bear special interest as the remedy relating to our failure to comply with certain of our reporting obligations. These Notes can be converted or repurchased prior to maturity if certain conditions are met.
Current wording
In February 2021, we issued approximately $1.4 billion in aggregate principal amount of the Notes, comprised of $695.8 million in aggregate principal amount of 2026 Notes and $693.3 million in aggregate principal amount of 2028 Notes. The net proceeds from the issuance of the 2026 Notes and 2028 Notes were $684.8 million, net of debt issuance costs, and $682.3 million, net of debt issuance costs, respectively. The 2026 Notes mature on March 1, 2026 and the 2028 Notes mature on March 1, 2028. The Notes of each series do not bear regular interest and the principal does not accrete. The Notes of each series may bear special interest as the remedy relating to our failure to comply with certain of our reporting obligations. These Notes can be converted or repurchased prior to maturity if certain conditions are met.
Previous wording
Our principal uses of cash in recent periods have been funding our operations, repurchases of our Class A common stock, purchases of short-term investments, the satisfaction of tax withholding obligations in connection with the settlement of restricted stock units and awards, making principal payments on our finance lease obligations, and capital expenditures. In February 2022, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $1.2 billion of the outstanding shares of our Class A common stock. In July 2023, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $1.2 billion of the outstanding shares of our Class A common stock. Share repurchases will be made from time-to-time in private transactions or open market purchases as permitted by securities laws and other legal requirements and will be subject to a review of the circumstances in place at that time, including prevailing market prices. The program does not obligate us to repurchase any specific number of shares and has no specified time limit; it may be discontinued at any time. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we repurchased and subsequently retired 22.7 million shares of our Class A common stock for an aggregate amount of $542.8 million. Included in the cost of treasury stock acquired pursuant to common share repurchases is the 1% excise tax imposed as part of the Inflation Reduction Act. The pace of our share repurchases may fluctuate due to various circumstances, including market conditions and our stock price.
Current wording
Our principal uses of cash in recent periods have been funding our operations, repurchases of our Class A common stock, purchases of short-term investments, the satisfaction of tax withholding obligations in connection with the settlement of restricted stock units and awards, making principal payments on our finance lease obligations, and capital expenditures. In February 2022, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $1.2 billion of the outstanding shares of our Class A common stock. In July 2023, our Board of Directors further authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $1.2 billion of the outstanding shares of our Class A common stock. We completed the February 2022 authorization of $1.2 billion during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and continued stock repurchases under the July 2023 authorization. In December 2024, our Board of Directors further authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $1.2 billion of the outstanding shares of our Class A common stock. Share repurchases will be made from time-to-time in private transactions or open market purchases as permitted by securities laws and other legal requirements and will be subject to a review of the circumstances in place at that time, including prevailing market prices. The program does not obligate us to repurchase any specific number of shares and has no specified time limit; it may be discontinued at any time. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we repurchased and subsequently retired 49.5 million shares of our Class A common stock for an aggregate amount of $1.2 billion. The 1% excise tax imposed as part of the Inflation Reduction Act is included in the cost of treasury stock acquired pursuant to common share repurchases. The pace of our share repurchases may fluctuate due to various circumstances, including market conditions and our stock price.
Previous wording
As of December 31, 2023, we have utilized a significant portion of our U.S. federal, state and foreign net operating losses. Future utilization of remaining net operating loss and research credit carryforwards are subject to statutory limits. Accordingly, we expect our cash tax obligations will increase in the foreseeable future.
Current wording
As of December 31, 2024, we have utilized a significant portion of our U.S. federal, state and foreign net operating losses. Future utilization of remaining net operating loss and research credit carryforwards are subject to statutory limits.
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Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
DocSend customers at the beginning of their respective terms and recognize revenue ratably over the subscription period. DocSend primarily sells within the United States, and the majority of sales are in U.S. dollars.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Our cash commitments due to known contractual obligations primarily relate to operating and finance lease arrangements. As of December 31, 2023, we additionally had $191.7 million of commitments with third-party vendors for services related to our infrastructure, infrastructure warranty contracts, and asset retirement obligations for office modifications, with terms of 13 years or less.