Enphase Energy Inc
For the period ended Dec 31, 2024. Filed Feb 10, 2025.
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A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.
FY2024 · Filed Feb 10, 2025
ENPH$28.47-1.7%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-K
Period ended 2023-12-31; filed 2024-02-09.
0001463101-24-000024
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-K
Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-02-10.
0001463101-25-000024
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 109 previous paragraphs and 107 current paragraphs.
46 unchanged; 42 reworded; 19 added; 20 removed; 1 previous and 0 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 11 previous and 11 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (19)
Current report
During the fiscal year 2024, our priorities included providing great customer service, scaling business processes, increasing efficiencies, reducing operating costs and the ongoing development of hardware and software to enhance our Enphase Energy System offering. Quality, customer service and innovation are cornerstones of our strategy, and we believe our focus on these priorities will continue to help drive our success going forward.
Current report
To reduce supply chain risk and take advantage of new incentives for domestic manufacturing, we expanded our operations with contract manufacturers in the United States with a capacity to produce five million microinverters per quarter. Beginning in the second half of 2024, we began shipping residential and commercial microinverters, and batteries, with higher domestic content from our U.S. contract manufacturers, which are expected to help certain solar and battery projects qualify for the domestic content bonus tax credit. The domestic content bonus tax credit is only available to commercial asset owners, which includes commercial businesses adding solar and PPA/lease providers who own residential solar projects.
Current report
We also expanded deployments of our IQ8 series Microinverters into many new regions globally, including shipments of IQ8 Microinverters with higher peak output AC power to support newer, high-powered solar modules. We began shipping our third-generation Enphase Energy System with IQ Battery 5P in several new markets globally. We also launched IQ Battery 5P in India with the IQ System Controller, enabling backup power in a region with frequent outages.
Current report
In the United States, this slowdown was primarily the result of higher interest rates, high channel inventory and the transition from NEM 2.0 to NEM 3.0 in California. Higher interest rates resulted in larger monthly costs and longer pay-back periods for those customers who financed their systems. In Europe, this slowdown was primarily driven by a softer customer demand as utility rates dropped and policy changes were implemented. This resulted in oversupply, financial stresses throughout the industry and the resulting channel inventory correction. In addition, there has been increased uncertainty in NEM policies and solar export penalties in a key European market. The phase out of NEM in that market was ultimately not approved but solar export penalties are still causing uncertainty among consumers. While we believe we have made the appropriate corrections to our channel inventory, some of the foregoing trends in the United States and Europe could continue to have an adverse effect on our results of operations in 2025.
Current report
Net Revenues
Current report
Other Income, Net
Current report
Net Revenues
Current report
The overall decrease in net revenues during the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, was due to a broad-based slowdown that began in 2023 in both the United States and Europe. This resulted in elevated inventory with distributors and installers, and as a result we sold fewer microinverters to distributors and installers during the year ended December 31, 2024 to normalize channel inventory, as compared to the same period in 2023. In the United States, this slowdown was primarily the result of higher interest rates, high channel inventory and the transition from NEM 2.0 to NEM 3.0 in California. Higher interest rates resulted in larger monthly costs and longer pay-back periods for those customers who financed their systems. In Europe, this slowdown was primarily driven by a softer customer demand as utility rates dropped and policy changes were implemented. This resulted in oversupply, financial stresses throughout the industry and the resulting channel inventory correction.
Current report
Cost of revenues decreased by $531.2 million, or 43%, in the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, primarily due to the lower volume of microinverter units sold, as well as from the benefit recognized from tax credits of $157.5 million under the AMPTC for U.S. manufactured microinverters shipped to customers in the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to cost of revenues of $53.5 million in the same period in 2023. The benefit recognized from the AMPTC was partially offset by $38.3 million and $11.6 million of incremental cost for manufacturing in the United States in the year ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, thereby providing a Net IRA benefit of $119.2 million and $41.9 million, respectively.
Current report
Gross margin increased by 1.1 percentage points in the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023. The increase was primarily due to recognition of a 9.0 percentage point of Net IRA benefit in the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to a 1.8 percentage point Net IRA benefit in the same period in 2023, and an increase in ASP for microinverters, partially offset by product mix and relatively higher fixed overhead costs.
Current report
Sales and marketing expense decreased by $25.2 million, or 11%, in the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023. The decrease was primarily due to actions implemented in connection with the restructuring initiatives implemented in 2023 and 2024 that lowered professional services and advertising costs by $14.6 million and personnel-related expenses by $10.6 million due to a reduction in headcount.
Current report
General and administrative expense decreased by $7.0 million, or 5%, in the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023. The decrease was primarily due to actions implemented in connection with the restructuring initiatives implemented in 2023 and 2024 that lowered professional services and facilities expense by $4.8 million and lowered personnel-related costs by $2.2 million due to a reduction in headcount.
Current report
Other Income, Net
Current report
Interest income of $77.3 million increased in the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $69.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to higher interest rates.
Current report
Income Tax Provision
Current report
We generally sell our products to our customers pursuant to a customer’s standard purchase order and our customary terms and conditions. We do not offer rights to return our products other than for normal warranty conditions, and as such, revenue is recognized based on the transfer of control. We evaluate the creditworthiness of our customers to determine appropriate credit limits prior to the acceptance and shipment of an order. A description of principal activities from which we generate revenues are as follows.
Current report
Inventory
Current report
We recognized credits under the AMPTC as a reduction to cost of revenues in the consolidated statement of operations for the microinverters manufactured in the United States and sold to customers in the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. Such credit is also reflected as an increase to prepaid income tax within prepaid expenses and other current assets and reduction of income tax payable within accrued liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets within accrued liabilities. There are currently several critical and complex aspects of the IRA that could affect the estimated benefits we have recognized and expect to recognize from the AMPTC. Any modifications to the law or its effects arising, for example, through (i) technical guidance and regulations from the IRS and U.S. Treasury Department, (ii) subsequent amendments to or interpretations of the law, and/or (iii) future laws or regulations rendering certain provisions of the IRA less effective or ineffective, in whole or in part, could result in material adverse changes to the benefits we have recognized and expect to recognize.
Current report
The fair value of a financial instrument is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We have investments in debt securities categorized as level three in the fair value hierarchy based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement totaling $64.8 million and $79.9 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which is included in “Other assets” in the consolidated balance sheets.
Removed paragraphs (20)
Previous report
During the fiscal year 2023, we began shipments of microinverters from our contract manufacturers in the United States. Moving manufacturing to the United States allows us to take advantage of the benefits of the IRA as well as helps us better serve our customers by cutting down delivery times and diversifying our supply chain.
Previous report
In light of the slowdown in demand, in the fourth quarter of 2023, we implemented the 2023 Restructuring Plan to reduce our operating costs, and better align our cost structure with current market conditions, strategic priorities and our ongoing commitment to profitable growth. As part of the 2023 Restructuring Plan, we are reducing our global workforce by approximately 10% and plan to cease operations at our contract manufacturing locations in Romania and Wisconsin, United States, and resize our other contract manufacturing sites, to be closer aligned to expected demand.
Previous report
Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. In August 2022, the IRA was enacted, which includes extension of the ITC as well as the AMPTC to incentivize clean energy component sourcing and production of microinverters. The IRA also included an additional 10% ITC for solar system components that are manufactured with a minimum threshold of domestic content. The IRA provides an AMPTC on microinverters of 11 cents per alternating current watt, which had a favorable impact to our results of operations in theyear ended December 31, 2023. The AMPTC for microinverters decreases by 25% each year beginning in 2030 and ending after 2032. Under the IRA, the ITC was also extended until 2032 to allow a qualifying homeowner to deduct 30% of the cost of installing residential solar systems from their U.S. federal income taxes, thereby returning a material portion of the purchase price of the residential solar system to homeowners. Under the terms of the current extension, the ITC will remain at 30% through the end of 2032, reduce to 26% for 2033, reduce to 22% for 2034, and further reduce to 0% after the end of 2034 for residential solar systems, unless it is extended before that time. We believe the enactment of the IRA is favorable to our overall business.
Previous report
In December 2022, the CPUC approved and voted for NEM 3.0, which has been effective since April 15, 2023. The new policy reduces the compensation earned by solar customers selling extra energy to the grid by a substantial amount. The average export rate in California under NEM 3.0 is approximately $0.05/kWh to $0.08/kWh compared to the prior average of $0.25/kWh to $0.35/kWh under NEM 2.0. In November 2023, the CPUC also adopted changes to its Virtual NEM and NEM Aggregation programs that prohibit the netting of import energy charges at multi-meter commercial or agricultural properties with solar energy generated at or adjacent to those properties, except for residential account holders in a multi-family residential property. Both of these policy changes in California reduced demand for solar PV systems in the year ended December 31, 2023 and may continue to do so for future inverter sales. However, the reduction in export compensation under NEM 3.0, coupled with rising utility rates, may encourage deployment of battery energy storage with solar PV systems and mitigate some of the demand reductions
Previous report
Other Income (Expense), Net
Previous report
Income Tax Benefit (Provision)
Previous report
Cost of revenues decreased by 9%, or $123.9 million, in the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to lower volume of shipments of IQ Batteries as well as the recognition of credits of $53.5 million under the AMPTC for U.S. manufactured microinverters shipped to customers during the year ended December 31, 2023.
Previous report
Gross margin increased by 4.4 percentage points in the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022. The increase was primarily due to the benefit recognized from tax credits under the AMPTC of approximately 2.3 percentage points, an increase in ASP driven by a favorable product mix as we sold more IQ8 microinverters relative to IQ7 microinverters in the year ended December 31, 2023, and also due to cost management improvements, which included lower shipping costs.
Previous report
Sales and marketing expense increased by 8%, or $16.7 million, in the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022. The increase was primarily due to $12.3 million of higher personnel-related expenses from a growth in headcount as a result of our efforts to improve customer experience, to provide 24/7 support along with a field service desk for installers and Enphase system owners globally, and tosupport our business expansion globally. The increase in sales and marketing expense in theyear ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, was also attributable to $3.2 million of higher professional services, advertising costs and equipment costs to support our business expansion and $1.2 million provision for doubtful accounts.
Previous report
General and administrative expense decreased by 2%, or $2.2 million, in the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease was primarily due to $11.3 million of lower personnel-related expenses, primarily related to $10.4 million lower stock-based compensation due to lower estimated achievement with performance stock units granted in 2023, offset by $5.6 million of higher legal and professional services and $3.5 million higher facility costs to support scalability of our business expansion.
Previous report
Other Income (Expense), Net
Previous report
Interest income of $69.7 million in the year ended December 31, 2023 increased, as compared to $13.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily due to an increase in interest rates earned and a higher average cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities balance in the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022.
Previous report
Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our growth rate, the timing and extent of spending to support development efforts, the expansion of sales and marketing activities, the introduction of new and enhanced products, the costs to acquire or invest in complementary businesses and technologies, the costs to ensure access to adequate manufacturing capacity, the continuing market acceptance of our products and macroeconomic events, such as the impacts from inflation, and increase in interest rates. We may also choose to seek additional equity or debt financing. In the event that additional financing is required from outside sources, we may not be able to raise it on terms acceptable to us or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital when desired, our business, operating results and financial condition may be adversely affected.
Previous report
Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services are transferred to our customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that is expected to be received in exchange for those goods or services. We generate all of our revenues from contracts with our customers. A description of principal activities from which we generate revenues are follows.
Previous report
Commitments and Contingencies
Previous report
In the normal course of business, we are subject to loss contingencies and loss recoveries, such as legal proceedings and claims arising out of our business as well as tariff refunds. An accrual for a loss contingency or loss recovery is recognized when it is probable and the amount of loss or recovery can be reasonably estimated. Refer to Note 14. “Commitments and Contingencies,” of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.
Previous report
Business Combinations
Previous report
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed as part of a business acquisition are generally recorded at their fair value at the date of acquisition. The excess of purchase price over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. Determining fair value of identifiable assets, particularly intangibles, and liabilities acquired also requires us to make estimates, which are based on all available information and in some cases assumptions with respect to the timing and amount of future revenues and expenses associated with an asset. Accounting for business acquisitions requires us to make judgments as to whether a purchase transaction is a multiple element contract, meaning that it includes other transaction components. This judgment and determination affect the amount of consideration paid that is allocable to assets and liabilities acquired in the business purchase transaction. Additional information existing as of the acquisition date but unknown to us may become known during the remainder of the measurement period, not to exceed 12 months from the acquisition date, which may result in changes to the amounts and allocations recorded.
Previous report
Intangible Assets
Previous report
Intangible assets include patents and other purchased intangible assets. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis, with estimated useful lives ranging from 5 to 9 years. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment annually and are also tested for impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate that the carrying amount may be impaired. Intangible assets with finite lives are tested for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset (asset group) may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized when the carrying amount of an asset exceeds the estimated undiscounted cash flows used in determining the fair value of the asset. The amount of the impairment loss to be recorded is calculated by the excess of the asset’s carrying value over its fair value. Fair value is generally determined using a discounted cash flow analysis. We recorded asset impairment charges of $3.8 million in the year ended December 31, 2023 associated with the customer relationship intangible asset. There were no events or changes in circumstances that may indicate the carrying amount of remaining assets is not recoverable.
Reworded paragraphs (42)
Previous wording
We are a global energy technology company. We deliver smart, easy-to-use solutions that manage solar generation, storage and communication on one platform. Our intelligent microinverters work with virtually every solar panel made, and when paired with our smart technology, results in one of the industry’s best-performing clean energy systems. As of December 31, 2023, we have shipped more than 73.0 million microinverters, and approximately 4.0 million Enphase residential and commercial systems have been deployed in more than 150 countries.
Current wording
We are a global energy technology company. We deliver smart, easy-to-use solutions that manage solar generation, storage and communication on one platform. Our intelligent microinverters work with virtually every solar panel made, and when paired with our smart technology, result in one of the industry’s best-performing clean energy systems. As of December 31, 2024, we have shipped approximately 80.0 million microinverters, and approximately 4.7 million Enphase residential and commercial systems have been deployed in more than 160 countries.
Previous wording
We sell primarily to solar distributors who combine our products with others, including solar modules products and racking systems, and resell to installers in each target region. In addition to our solar distributors, we sell directly to select large installers, OEMs and strategic partners. Our OEM customers include solar module manufacturers who integrate our microinverters with their solar module products and resell to both distributors and installers. Strategic partners include providers of solar financing solutions. We also sell certain products and services to homeowners primarily in support of our warranty services and legacy product upgrade programs, via our online store.
Current wording
We sell primarily to solar distributors who combine our products with others, including solar module products and racking systems, and resell to installers in each target region. In addition to our solar distributors, we sell directly to select large installers, OEMs and strategic partners. Our OEM customers include solar module manufacturers who integrate our microinverters with their solar module products and resell to both distributors and installers. Strategic partners include providers of solar financing solutions. We also sell certain products and services to homeowners primarily in support of our warranty services and legacy product upgrade programs, via our online store.
Previous wording
As we have a growing global footprint, we are subject to risk and exposure from the evolving macroeconomic environment, including the effects of increased global inflationary pressures and interest rates, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, potential economic slowdowns or recessions, and geopolitical pressures, including the unknown impacts of current and future trade regulations and the armed conflicts in Ukraine, the Gaza Strip and nearby areas. We continuously monitor the direct and indirect impacts of these circumstances on our business and financial results.
Current wording
As we have a growing global footprint, we are subject to risk and exposure from the evolving macroeconomic environment, including the effects of increased global inflationary pressures, tariffs and interest rates, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, potential economic slowdowns or recessions, geopolitical pressures and potential regulatory changes, including the unknown impacts of current and future trade regulations. We continuously monitor the direct and indirect impacts of these circumstances on our business and financial results.
Previous wording
Demand for Products. The demand environment for our products experienced a broad-based slowdown beginning in the second quarter of 2023 in the United States and in the third quarter of 2023 in Europe that continued into the fourth quarter. This resulted in elevated inventory with distributors and installers, and as a result we sold fewer microinverters to distributors and installers during the second half of 2023 compared to the first half of 2023 as they responded to this slower demand environment. In the United States, this slowdown was primarily the result of higher interest rates and the transition from NEM 2.0 to NEM 3.0 in California, which has increased the payback period for our customers in California. In Europe, this slowdown was primarily the result of a decrease in purchases in the second half of 2023 after the initial surge of sales related to onset of the armed conflict in Ukraine in 2022, and overall channel inventory correction. In addition, there has been increased uncertainty in net energy metering policies and solar export penalties in a key European market, which resulted in lower sales in that region. We expect these trends to continue to have an adverse effect on our revenue in 2024.
Current wording
Demand for Products. The demand environment for our products experienced a broad-based slowdown beginning in the second quarter of 2023 in the United States and in the third quarter of 2023 in Europe that continued into 2024. This demand environment has negatively impacted several distributors and installers, resulting in reduced liquidity, bankruptcy and business closures, which has affected our revenue and profitability, days sales outstanding and allowances for credit losses. The slower demand environment also resulted in elevated inventory with distributors and installers in late 2023 and the first half of 2024, and as a result we sold fewer microinverters to distributors and installers during the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023.
Previous wording
We generate revenue from sales of our solutions, which include microinverter units and related accessories, an IQ Gateway and IQ Energy Router, cloud-based Enlighten monitoring services, storage solutions, EV charging solutions, design, proposal, permitting and lead generation services, as well as a platform matching cleantech asset owners to a local and on-demand workforce of service providers, distributors, large installers, OEMs and strategic partners.
Current wording
We generate revenue from sale of our various solutions, which include microinverter units and related accessories, IQ Battery and related accessories, IQ PowerPack 1500 and related accessories, IQ Gateway and IQ Energy Router, cloud-based monitoring services, EV charging solutions, design, proposal, permitting, installation and lead generation services, as well as a platform matching cleantech asset owners to a local and on-demand workforce of service providers, distributors, large installers, OEMs and strategic partners.
Previous wording
Our revenue is affected by changes in the volume and ASPs of our solutions and related accessories, supply and demand, sales incentives and competitive product offerings. Our revenue growth is dependent on our ability to compete effectively in the marketplace by remaining cost competitive, macroeconomic conditions, favorable regulatory environment, developing and introducing new products that meet the changing technology, and performance requirements of our customers, the diversification and expansion of our revenue base, and our ability to market our products in a manner that increases awareness for microinverter technology and differentiates us in the marketplace.
Current wording
Our revenue is affected by changes in the volume and average selling prices (“ASPs”) of our various solutions and related accessories, supply and demand, sales incentives, government incentives and competitive product offerings. Our revenue growth is dependent on our ability to compete effectively in the marketplace by remaining cost competitive, macroeconomic conditions, favorable regulatory environment, developing and introducing new products that meet the changing technology, and performance requirements of our customers, the diversification and expansion of our revenue base, and our ability to market our products in a manner that increases awareness for microinverter technology and differentiates us in the marketplace.
Previous wording
Cost of revenues is comprised primarily of product costs, warranty, manufacturing support personnel and logistics costs, freight costs, inventory write-downs, hosting services costs related to our Enlighten service offering, lead acquisition costs, design and proposal services, depreciation and amortization of manufacturing test equipment, amortization of capitalized software development costs related to our Enlighten service offering and design and proposal services, employee-related expenses associated with proposal and permitting services and design and proposal service customer support. AMPTC earned under the IRA for U.S. manufactured microinverters shipped to customers in the year ended December 31, 2023 are treated as a reduction to cost of revenues based on our interpretation of the most current guidance.
Current wording
Cost of revenues is comprised primarily of product costs, warranty, manufacturing and installation services support personnel, logistics costs, freight costs, inventory write-downs, hosting services costs related to our cloud-based monitoring services, depreciation of manufacturing test equipment, amortization of capitalized software development costs related to our cloud-based monitoring services, lead acquisition costs and design and proposal services, employee-related expenses associated with proposal and permitting services and design and proposal service customer support. AMPTC earned under the IRA for U.S. manufactured microinverters shipped to customers in the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are treated as a reduction to cost of revenues.
Previous wording
Our product costs are impacted by technological innovations, such as advances in semiconductor integration and new product introductions, economies of scale resulting in lower component costs, and improvements in production processes and automation. Certain costs, primarily personnel and depreciation and amortization of test equipment, are not directly affected by sales volume.
Current wording
Our product costs are impacted by technological innovations, such as advances in semiconductor integration and new product introductions, economies of scale resulting in lower component costs, and improvements in production processes and automation. Certain costs, primarily personnel and depreciation and amortization of test equipment and capitalized software development costs, are not directly affected by sales volume.
Previous wording
We outsource our manufacturing to third-party contract manufacturers and generally negotiate product pricing with them on a quarterly basis. We believe our contract manufacturing partners have sufficient production capacity to meet the anticipated demand for our products for the foreseeable future. However, shortages in the supply of certain key raw materials could adversely affect our ability to meet customer demand for our products. We contract with third parties, including one of our contract manufacturers, to serve as our logistics providers by warehousing and delivering our products in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, India, Brazil, the Philippines, Thailand, South Africa, and certain other Central American and Asian markets.
Current wording
We outsource our manufacturing to third-party contract manufacturers and generally negotiate product pricing with them on a quarterly basis. We believe our contract manufacturing partners have sufficient production capacity to meet the anticipated demand for our products for the foreseeable future. However, shortages in the supply of certain key raw materials could adversely affect our ability to meet customer demand for our products. We contract with third parties, including one of our contract manufacturers, to serve as our logistics providers by warehousing and delivering our products in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, India, Brazil, the Philippines, Thailand, South Africa, and certain other Central American and Asian countries.
Previous wording
Gross profit may vary from quarter to quarter and is primarily affected by our ASPs, product cost, product mix, customer mix, AMPTC, shipping costs, warranty costs and sales volume fluctuations resulting from seasonality.
Current wording
Gross profit may vary from quarter to quarter and is primarily affected by our ASPs, product cost, product mix, customer mix, AMPTC, shipping costs, warranty costs and sales volume fluctuations.
Previous wording
Sales and marketing expense includes personnel-related expenses, travel, trade shows, marketing, customer support and other indirect costs. We expect to continue to make the necessary investments to enable us to execute our strategy to increase our market penetration geographically and enter into new markets by expanding our customer base of distributors, large installers, OEMs and strategic partners. We currently offer solutions targeting the residential and commercial markets in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, India, Brazil, the Philippines, Thailand, South Africa and certain other Central American and Asian markets. We expect to continue to expand the geographic reach of our product offerings and explore new sales channels in addressable markets in the future.
Current wording
Sales and marketing expense includes personnel-related expenses, travel, trade shows, marketing, customer support and other indirect costs. We expect to continue to make the necessary investments to enable us to execute our strategy to increase our market penetration geographically and enter into new markets by expanding our customer base of distributors, large installers, OEMs and strategic partners. We currently offer solutions targeting the residential and commercial markets in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, India, Brazil, the Philippines, Thailand, South Africa, Central America, the Caribbean and certain Asian countries. We expect to continue to expand the geographic reach of our product offerings and explore new sales channels in addressable markets in the future.
Previous wording
Restructuring and asset impairment charges are the net charges resulting from restructuring initiatives implemented in 2022 and 2023 to increase operational efficiencies and execution, reduce operating costs, and better align our workforce and cost structure with current market conditions, as well as reflect our business needs, strategic priorities and ongoing commitment to profitable growth. Under the 2023 Restructuring Plan, costs included in restructuring and asset impairment charges primarily consisted of employee severance and one-time benefits, workforce reorganization charges and asset impairment charges. Refer to Note 12. “Restructuring and Asset Impairment Charges,” of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.
Current wording
Restructuring and asset impairment charges are the net charges resulting from restructuring initiatives implemented in 2022, 2023 and 2024 to increase operational efficiencies and execution, reduce operating costs, and better align our workforce and cost structure with current market conditions, as well as reflect our business needs, strategic priorities and ongoing commitment to profitable growth. Charges from the restructuring initiatives primarily consisted of employee severance and one-time benefits, workforce reorganization charges, contract termination charges, and asset impairment charges. Refer to Note 12. “Restructuring and Asset Impairment Charges,” of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.
Previous wording
Other income (expense), net primarily consists of interest income on our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, amortization of discount or premium on purchase of cash equivalents and marketable securities, gains or losses upon conversion of foreign currency transactions into U.S. dollars, interest expense, changes in fair value of contingent consideration, non-cash interest expense related to the accretion of debt discount and amortization of deferred financing costs, non-cash charges recognized for loss on partial settlement of convertible notes, and the change in fair value of our debt securities.
Current wording
Other income, net primarily consists of interest income on our cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and marketable securities, amortization of discount or premium on purchase of cash equivalents and marketable securities, gains or losses upon conversion of foreign currency transactions into U.S. dollars, interest expense, changes in fair value of contingent consideration, non-cash interest expense related to the accretion of debt discount and amortization of deferred financing costs, non-cash charges recognized for loss on partial settlement of convertible notes, and the change in fair value of our debt securities.
Previous wording
We are subject to income taxes in the countries where we sell our products. Historically, we have primarily been subject to taxation in the United States because we have sold the majority of our products to customers in the United States. As we have expanded the sale of products to customers outside the United States, we have become subject to taxation based on the foreign statutory rates in the countries where these sales took place. As sales in foreign jurisdictions increase in the future, our effective tax rate may fluctuate accordingly. We regularly assess the ability to realize deferred tax assets based on the weight of all available evidence, including such factors as the history of recent earnings and expected future taxable income on a jurisdiction by jurisdiction basis.
Current wording
We are subject to income taxes in the countries where we sell our products. Historically, we have primarily been subject to taxation in the United States because we have sold the majority of our products to customers in the United States. As we have expanded our global footprint for the sale of products to customers outside the United States, we have become subject to taxation based on the foreign statutory rates in the countries where these sales took place. As sales in foreign jurisdictions increase in the future, our effective tax rate may fluctuate accordingly. We regularly assess the ability to realize deferred tax assets based on the weight of all available evidence, including such factors as the history of recent earnings and expected future taxable income on a jurisdiction by jurisdiction basis.
Previous wording
Net revenues decreased by 2%, or $40.1 million, in the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, driven primarily by a decrease in shipments of IQ Batteries to 351.6 Megawatt-hour (“MWh”) in the year ended December 31, 2023, from 508.5 MWh shipped in the year ended December 31, 2022. The decrease in total net revenues was partially offset by an increase in ASP for microinverters, primarily the result of a favorable product mix as we sold more IQ8 microinverters relative to IQ7™ microinverters as well as a slight increase in the volume of microinverter units shipped. We sold approximately 15.5 million microinverter units in the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to approximately 15.4 million units in the year ended December 31, 2022. The overall decrease in net revenues is due to a broad-based slowdown beginning in the second quarter of 2023 in the United States and the third quarter of 2023 in Europe that resulted in elevated inventory with distributors and installers, and as a result we sold fewer microinverters to distributors and installers during the second half of 2023 compared to the first half of 2023, as distributors and installers responded to this slower demand environment. In the United States, this slowdown was primarily the result of higher interest rates and the transition from NEM 2.0 to NEM 3.0 in California increasing the payback period for our customers. In Europe, this slowdown was primarily the result of a decrease in purchases after the initial surge of sales related to the onset of the armed conflict in Ukraine in 2022, and overall channel inventory correction. In addition, there has been increased uncertainty in net energy metering policies and solar export penalties in a key European market.
Current wording
Net revenues decreased by $960.4 million, or 42%, in the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, driven primarily by a 58% decrease in microinverter units shipped, partially offset by an increase in ASP for our microinverters as we sold more IQ8 microinverters relative to IQ7 microinverters. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we sold approximately 6.5 million microinverter units, as compared to approximately 15.5 million microinverter units in the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease in net revenues was also partially offset by a 48% increase in IQ Batteries MWh shipped. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we shipped 521.0 MWh of IQ Batteries, as compared to 351.6 MWh shipped in the year ended December 31, 2023.
Previous wording
Research and development expense increased by 35%, or $58.5 million, in the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022. The increase was primarily due to $43.1 million of higher personnel-related expenses, $8.1 million of equipment expense, and $7.3 million of professional services and support costs associated with our investment in the development, introduction and qualification of new products. The increase in personnel-related expenses was primarily due to an increase in total compensation costs, including stock-based compensation costs due to hiring and retention programs for employees. The amount of research and development expenses may fluctuate from period to period due to the differing levels and stages of development activity for our products.
Current wording
Research and development expense decreased by $26.0 million, or 11%, in the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023. The decrease was primarily due to actions implemented in connection with the restructuring initiatives implemented in 2023 and 2024 that lowered personnel-related expenses by $16.2 million due to a reduction in headcount and lowered equipment and professional services costs by $9.8 million. The amount of research and development expenses may fluctuate from period to period due to the differing levels and stages of development activity for our products.
Previous wording
Restructuring charges of $15.7 million in the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily consisted of $9.7 million of asset impairment charges, $3.7 million of contract termination charges and $1.4 million of employee severance and one-time benefits. Restructuring charges of $2.4 million in the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily consisted of one-time termination benefits and other employee-related expenses.
Current wording
Restructuring and asset impairment charges are the net charges resulting from restructuring initiatives implemented in 2023 and 2024 to increase operational efficiencies, reduce operating costs, and to better align our workforce and cost structure with current market conditions, our business needs, and strategic priorities. Restructuring charges of $13.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2024, primarily consisted of $6.4 million of employee severance, one-time benefits and other employee related expenses, $2.0 million of contract termination charges and $4.8 million of asset impairment charges. Restructuring charges of $15.7 million in the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily consisted of $9.8 million of asset impairment charges, $3.7 million of contract termination charges, $1.4 million of employee severance and one-time benefits, and $0.8 million of other restructuring charges.
Previous wording
Interest expense of $8.8 million in the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily included $8.4 million for the coupon interest, debt discount amortization with the Notes due 2025 and amortization of debt issuance costs with the Notes due 2023, Notes due 2025, Notes due 2026 and Notes due 2028, and $0.4 million interest incurred with the Notes due 2025 and the Notes due 2023. Interest expense of $9.4 million in the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily related to $9.2 million for the coupon interest expense, debt discount amortization with the Notes due 2025, amortization of debt issuance costs with the Notes due 2023, Notes due 2025, Notes due 2026 and Notes due 2028, and $0.2 million accretion of interest expense on contingent consideration for an acquisition.
Current wording
Interest expense of $8.9 million in the year ended December 31, 2024, primarily included $8.9 million for the coupon interest, debt discount amortization with the Notes due 2025, and amortization of debt issuance costs with the Notes due 2025, Notes due 2026 and Notes due 2028. Interest expense of $8.8 million in the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily related to $8.4 million for the coupon interest, debt discount amortization with the Notes due 2025 and amortization of debt issuance costs with the $65.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 4.0% convertible senior notes due 2023 (the “Notes due 2023”), Notes due 2025, Notes due 2026 and Notes due 2028, and $0.4 million interest incurred with the Notes due 2025 and Notes due 2023.
Previous wording
Other income (expense), net of $6.5 million in the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily related to $8.7 million non-cash net gain related to change in the fair value of debt securities, partially offset by $2.1 million net loss due to foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities and $0.1 million in realized loss on investments. Other income (expense), net of $0.4 million in the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily related to a $0.9 million net loss due to foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities and a $0.3 million impairment of a note receivable, partially offset by a $0.7 million non-cash net gain related to a change in the fair value of debt securities and $0.1 million in interest income.
Current wording
Other expense, net, of $25.5 million in the year ended December 31, 2024, primarily related to $23.0 million impairment of investments in private companies, $5.0 million net loss due to foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities partially offset by a $2.0 million non-cash net gain related to change in the fair value of debt securities, $0.3 million of miscellaneous other income and $0.2 million realized gain from sale of marketable securities. Other income, net, of $6.5 million in the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily related to a $8.7 million non-cash net gain related to change in the fair value of debt securities, partially offset by a $2.1 million net loss due to foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities and $0.1 million in realized loss on investments.
Previous wording
The income tax provision was $74.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to $54.7 million in the same period in 2022. The increase was primarily due to higher projected tax expense in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions that are more profitable in 2023 compared to 2022, combined with a lower tax deduction from employee stock-based compensation in 2023 compared to 2022.
Current wording
The income tax provision was $17.5 million in the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to an income tax provision of $74.2 million in the same period in 2023. The decrease was primarily due to lower projected tax expense as our operations in U.S. and foreign jurisdictions were less profitable in 2024 as compared to the same period in 2023, partially offset by an increase in tax expense from equity compensation shortfalls in 2024 as compared to the same period in 2023.
Previous wording
As of December 31, 2023, we had $1.9 billion in net working capital, including cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $1.7 billion, of which approximately $1.7 billion were held in the United States. Our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities primarily consist of U.S. treasuries, money market mutual funds, corporate notes, commercial paper and bonds and both interest-bearing and non-interest-bearing deposits, with the remainder held in various foreign subsidiaries. We consider amounts held outside the United States to be accessible and have provided for the estimated income tax liability on the repatriation of our foreign earnings.
Current wording
As of December 31, 2024, we had $1.7 billion in net working capital, including cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and marketable securities, of which approximately $1.6 billion were held in the United States. Our cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and marketable securities primarily consist of U.S. Government agency securities and treasuries, money market mutual funds, corporate notes, commercial paper and bonds, and both interest-bearing and non-interest-bearing deposits, with the remainder held in various foreign subsidiaries. We consider amounts held outside the United States to be accessible and have provided for the estimated withholding tax liability on the repatriation of our foreign earnings.
Previous wording
Our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities increased by $82.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to cash generated from operations, partially offset by cash used to fund investments in private companies, repurchases of common stock pursuant to our share repurchase program and payments of withholding taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards.
Current wording
Our cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and marketable securities increased by $22.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, primarily due to cash generated from operations of $513.7 million, partially offset by $391.4 million in repurchases of common stock pursuant to the 2023 Repurchase Program and $78.8 million in payments of withholding taxes related to net share settlement of employee equity awards.
Previous wording
Total carrying amount of debt increased by $3.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to $8.4 million accretion of debt discount and issuance costs, partially offset by the $5.0 million for the Notes due 2023 that were converted into shares of our common stock.
Current wording
Total carrying amount of debt increased by $8.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, primarily due to accretion of debt discount and issuance costs.
Previous wording
We expect that our principal short-term (over the next 12 months) and long-term cash needs related to our operations will be used to fund working capital, strategic investments, acquisitions, repurchases of common stock pursuant to our share repurchase program and payments of withholding taxes for net share settlement of equity awards, make payments on our outstanding debt and the purchases of property and equipment. We plan to fund any cash requirements for the next 12 months and the long term from our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities on hand, and cash generated from operations. We anticipate that access to the debt market will be more limited compared to prior years as interest rates have increased and are expected to remain high. Our ability to obtain debt or any other additional financing that we may choose to, or need to, obtain will depend on, among other things, our development efforts, business plans, operating performance and the condition of the capital markets at the time we seek financing.
Current wording
We expect that our principal short-term (over the next 12 months) cash needs related to our operations will be to fund working capital, strategic investments, acquisitions, repurchases of common stock and payments of withholding taxes for net share settlement of employee equity awards, payments on our outstanding debt and purchases of property and equipment. We plan to fund any cash requirements for the next 12 months from our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities on hand, and cash generated from operations. For the long-term period (beyond 12 months), we aim to continue growing cash flows from operations to support our ongoing business operations and strategic investment plans. We regularly evaluate our liquidity position, debt obligations and expected cash requirements. As part of this ongoing assessment, we may pursue additional financing through the issuance of equity or the debt financing, as necessary, to meet our operational and investment needs. We anticipate that access to the debt market will be more limited compared to prior years as interest rates have increased and are expected to remain high. Our ability to obtain debt or any other additional financing that we may choose to, or need to, obtain will depend on, among other things, our development efforts, business plans, operating performance and the condition of the capital markets at the time we seek financing.
Previous wording
Repurchase of Common Stock. In July 2023, our board of directors authorized a share repurchase program (the “2023 Repurchase Program”) pursuant to which we were authorized to repurchase up to $1.0 billion of our common stock. The repurchases could be funded from available working capital and could be executed from time to time, subject to general business and market conditions and other investment opportunities, through open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions, including through Rule 10b5-1 plans. The program may be discontinued or amended at any time and expires on July 26, 2026. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we repurchased 3,284,368 shares for an aggregate amount of $410.0 million. Refer to Note 15. “Stockholders’ Equity,” in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information on our repurchase of common stock.
Current wording
Repurchase of Common Stock. In July 2023, our board of directors authorized the 2023 Repurchase Program pursuant to which we were authorized to repurchase up to $1.0 billion of our common stock. The repurchases could be funded from available working capital and could be executed from time to time, subject to general business and market conditions and other investment opportunities, through open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions, including through Rule 10b5-1 plans. The program may be discontinued or amended at any time and expires on July 26, 2026. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we repurchased 4,543,016 shares, for an aggregate amount of $391.4 million. Refer to Note 15. “Stockholders’ Equity,” in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information on our repurchase of common stock.
Previous wording
Convertible Notes. As of December 31, 2023, our aggregate principal convertible notes obligations were $1,309.7 million which primarily consisted of the Notes due 2028 of $575.0 million, Notes due 2026 of $632.5 million and Notes due 2025 of $102.2 million. Upon conversion of the Notes due 2025, Notes due 2026 and Notes due 2028, we will pay cash equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Notes of such series to be converted, and, at our election, will pay or deliver cash and/or shares of our common stock for the amount of our conversion obligation in excess of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes of such series. During the annual period ended December 31, 2023, we received a request for the conversion of $2.0 thousand in the principal amount of the Notes due 2025, of which we have elected to settle the aggregate principal amount of the Notes due 2025 in a combination of cash and any excess in shares of our common stock in accordance with the applicable indenture. Such conversion is expected to be settled in February 2024. Refer to Note 13. “Debt,” in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information on our outstanding convertible notes.
Current wording
Convertible Notes. As of December 31, 2024, our aggregate principal convertible notes obligations were $1,309.7 million, which primarily consisted of the Notes due 2028 of $575.0 million, Notes due 2026 of $632.5 million and Notes due 2025 of $102.2 million. Upon conversion of the Notes due 2026 and Notes due 2028, we expect to pay cash equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Notes of such series to be converted, and, at our election, will pay or deliver cash and/or shares of our common stock for the amount of our conversion obligation in excess of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes of such series. Holders of Notes due 2025 may now convert their notes at any time until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date of March 1, 2025. These conversions will be settled in a combination settlement method with the principal value settled in cash and the remaining value in shares of our common stock. Refer to Note 13. “Debt,” in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information on our outstanding convertible notes.
Previous wording
Operating Leases. We have entered into various non-cancelable operating leases primarily for our facilities with original lease periods expiring through the year 2033, with the most significant leases relating to our offices in Petaluma, California and Bengaluru, India. As of December 31, 2023, we had total operating lease obligations of $29.5 million recorded on our consolidated balance sheet.
Current wording
Operating Leases. We have entered into various non-cancelable operating leases primarily for our facilities with original lease periods expiring through the year 2033, with the most significant leases relating to our offices in Petaluma, California and Bengaluru, India. As of December 31, 2024, we had total operating lease obligations of $28.9 million recorded on our consolidated balance sheet.
Previous wording
Other Material Cash Requirements. As of December 31, 2023, we had open purchase obligations of $184.4 million related to component inventory that our primary contract manufacturers procure on our behalf in accordance with our production forecast as well as other inventory related purchase commitments. The timing of purchases in future periods could differ materially from estimates presented above due to fluctuations in demand requirements related to varying sales levels as well as changes in economic conditions.
Current wording
Other Material Cash Requirements. As of December 31, 2024, we had open purchase obligations of $130.9 million related to component inventory that our primary contract manufacturers procure on our behalf in accordance with our production forecast as well as other inventory related purchase commitments. The timing of purchases in future periods could differ materially from estimates presented above due to fluctuations in demand requirements related to varying sales levels as well as changes in economic conditions.
Previous wording
Cash flows from operating activities consisted of our net income adjusted for certain non-cash reconciling items, such as stock-based compensation expense, non-cash interest expense, change in the fair value of debt securities, deferred income taxes, asset impairment, depreciation and amortization, and changes in our operating assets and liabilities. Net cash provided by operating activities decreased by $48.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to higher operating expenses as we continue to invest in the long-term growth of our business.
Current wording
Cash flows from operating activities consisted of our net income adjusted for certain non-cash reconciling items, such as stock-based compensation expense, non-cash interest expense, change in the fair value of debt securities, deferred income taxes, asset impairment, depreciation and amortization, and changes in our operating assets and liabilities. Net cash provided by operating activities decreased by $183.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, primarily due to lower net revenues.
Previous wording
For the year ended December 31, 2022, net cash used in investing activities of $371.9 million was primarily from the purchase of $247.3 million marketable securities, net of sale and maturities, $62.2 million net cash used to acquire GreenCom, SolarLeadFactory and ClipperCreek, $46.4 million used in purchases of test and assembly equipment to expand our supply capacity, related facility improvements and information technology enhancements, including capitalized costs related to internal-use software and $16.0 million used to invest in private companies.
Current wording
For the year ended December 31, 2024, net cash provided by investing activities of $128.3 million was primarily from the sales and maturities of marketable securities of $161.9 million, net of purchases, partially offset by $33.6 million used in purchases of test and assembly equipment for U.S. manufacturing, related facility improvements and information technology enhancements, including capitalized costs related to internal-use software.
Previous wording
For the year ended December 31, 2023, net cash used in investing activities of $366.4 million was primarily from the purchase of $241.0 million of marketable securities, net of sale and maturities, $110.4 million used in purchases of test and assembly equipment to expand our supply capacity, related facility improvements and information technology enhancements, including capitalized costs related to internal-use software, and $15.0 million used in the investment in a private company.
Current wording
For the year ended December 31, 2023, net cash used in investing activities of $366.4 million was primarily from the purchase of $241.0 million of marketable securities, net of sale and maturities, $110.4 million used in purchases of test and assembly equipment to expand our supply capacity, related facility improvements and information technology enhancements, including capitalized costs related to internal-use software, and $15.0 million used in the investment of a private company.
Previous wording
For the year ended December 31, 2022, net cash used by financing activities of approximately $17.1 million was primarily from the payment of $27.5 million in employee withholding taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards, partially offset by $10.4 million net proceeds from employee stock option exercises and purchases under our employee stock purchase plan.
Current wording
For the year ended December 31, 2024, net cash used in financing activities of approximately $460.3 million was primarily from $391.4 million used to repurchase our common stock, payment of $78.8 million in employee withholding taxes related to net share settlement of employee equity awards, payment of $2.8 million in excise tax for net stock repurchases, and less than $0.1 million from the partial settlement of the Notes due 2025, partially offset by $12.7 million net proceeds from employee stock option exercises and purchases under our employee stock purchase plan.
Previous wording
For the year ended December 31, 2023, net cash used in financing activities of approximately $516.8 million was primarily from $410.0 million used to repurchase our common stock under our share repurchase program, and the payment of $120.6 million in employee withholding taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards, partially offset by $13.9 million net proceeds from employee stock option exercises and purchases under our employee stock purchase plan.
Current wording
For the year ended December 31, 2023, net cash used in financing activities of approximately $516.8 million was primarily from $410.0 million used to repurchase our common stock and the payment of $120.6 million in employee withholding taxes related to net share settlement of employee equity awards, partially offset by $13.9 million net proceeds from employee stock option exercises and purchases under our employee stock purchase plan.
Previous wording
We generate revenue from sales of our solutions, which include microinverter and related accessories, an IQ Gateway and IQ Energy Router, cloud-based monitoring services, storage solutions, EV charging solutions, design, proposal, permitting and lead generation services, as well as a platform matching cleantech asset owners to a local and on-demand workforce of service providers, distributors, large installers, OEMs and strategic partners.
Current wording
We generate revenues from sales of our solutions, which include microinverter units and related accessories, IQ Battery and related accessories, IQ PowerPack 1500 and related accessories, IQ Combiner, IQ Gateway, and IQ Energy Router, our cloud-based monitoring services, EV charging solutions, design, proposal, permitting, installation and lead generation services, as well as a platform matching cleantech asset owners to a local and on-demand workforce of service providers, distributors, large installers, OEMs and strategic partners.
Previous wording
•Products Delivered at a Point in Time. We sell our products and professional services to customers in accordance with the terms of the related customer contracts. We generate revenues from sales of our solutions, which include microinverter units and related accessories, storage solutions, EV charging solutions, design, proposal, permitting and lead generation services, as well as a platform matching cleantech asset owners to a local and on-demand workforce of service providers to distributors, large installers, OEMs and strategic partners. Microinverter units, microinverter accessories, storage and EV solutions, design proposal, permitting and lead generation services, as well as completed work orders on our platform matching cleantech asset owners to a local and on-demand workforce of service providers, are delivered to customers at a point in time, and we recognize revenue for these products or professional services when we transfer control of the product or professional services to the customer, which is generally upon product shipment or service delivery, respectively.
Current wording
•Products Delivered at a Point in Time. We sell our products and professional services to customers in accordance with the terms of the related customer contracts. We generate revenues from sales of our solutions, which include microinverter units and related accessories, storage solutions, EV charging solutions, design, proposal, permitting, installation and lead generation services, as well as a platform matching cleantech asset owners to a local and on-demand workforce of service providers to distributors, large installers, OEMs and strategic partners. Microinverter units, microinverter accessories, storage and EV solutions, design proposal, permitting, installation and lead generation services, as well as completed work orders on our platform matching cleantech asset owners to a local and on-demand workforce of service providers, are delivered to customers at a point in time, and we recognize revenue for these products or professional services when we transfer control of the product or professional services to the customer, which is generally upon product shipment or service delivery, respectively.
Previous wording
•Products Delivered Over Time. The sale of an IQ Gateway and IQ Energy Router includes our Enlighten cloud-based monitoring service. The full consideration for these products represents a single performance obligation and is deferred at the sale date and recognized over the estimated service period of 7 years. We also sell certain communication accessories that contain a service performance obligation to be delivered over time. The revenue from these products is recognized over the related service period, which is typically 5 years. The subscription services revenue generated from each customer’s subscription to our design and proposal service is recognized on a ratable basis over the contract term beginning on the date that our service is made available to the customer. The subscription contracts are generally 3 to 12 months in length and billed in advance.
Current wording
•Products Delivered Over Time. The sale of IQ Gateway and IQ Energy Router includes our cloud-based monitoring services. The full consideration for these products represents a single performance obligation and is deferred at the sale date and recognized over the estimated service period of 7 years. We also sell certain communication accessories that contain a service performance obligation to be delivered over time. The revenue from these products is recognized over the related service period, which is typically 5 years. The subscription services revenue generated from each customer’s subscription to our design and proposal service is recognized on a ratable basis over the contract term beginning on the date that our service is made available to the customer. The subscription contracts are generally 3 to 12 months in length and billed in advance.
Previous wording
We record certain contra revenue promotions as variable consideration and recognize these promotions at the time the related revenue is recorded.
Current wording
Provisions for rebates, sales incentives and discounts are estimated based on promotions offered to customers, customer specific experience and historical product ASPs. We record such revenue promotions as variable consideration and recognize these promotions as a reduction in revenue at the time the related revenue is recorded.
Previous wording
Government grants represent benefits provided by federal, state, or local governments that are not subject to the scope of ASC 740. We recognize a grant when we have reasonable assurance that we will comply with the grant’s conditions and that the grant will be received. Government grants that are not related to long-lived assets are considered income-based grants, which are recognized as a reduction to the related cost of activities that generated the benefit. We recognized credits under AMPTC as a reduction to cost of revenues in the consolidated statement of operations for the microinverters manufactured in the United States and sold to customers in the year ended December 31, 2023. Such credit is also reflected as a reduction of income tax payable on our consolidated balance sheet within accrued liabilities.
Current wording
Government grants represent benefits provided by federal, state or local governments that are not subject to the scope of ASC 740. We recognize a grant when we have reasonable assurance that we will comply with the grant’s conditions and that the grant will be received. Government grants that are not related to long-lived assets are considered income-based grants, which are recognized as a reduction to the related cost of activities that generated the benefit.
Previous wording
The fair value of a financial instrument is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The carrying amounts of our cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments. Equity investments with readily determinable fair value are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices or estimated based on market conditions and risks existing at each balance sheet date. Equity investments without readily determinable fair value are measured at cost less impairment, and are adjusted for observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment of the same issuer.
Current wording
The carrying amounts of our cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments. Equity investments with readily determinable fair value are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices or estimated based on market conditions and risks existing at each balance sheet date. Equity investments without readily determinable fair value are measured at cost less impairment, and are adjusted for observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment of the same issuer.
Previous wording
Our warranty accrual provides for the replacement of microinverter units, AC Battery storage solutions, EV Chargers, and IQ Gateway and IQ Energy Router units that fail during the product’s warranty term. The warranty term related to microinverter units is 15 years for first and second generation microinverters and up to 25 years for subsequent generation microinverters. The warranty term for AC Battery storage solutions is 10 to 15 years depending on the generation. The warranty term for the IQ Gateway and IQ Energy Router is 5 years, while the warranty term for EV Chargers is 1 to 5 years depending on the product. On a quarterly basis, we employ a consistent, systematic and rational methodology to assess the adequacy of our warranty liability. This assessment includes updating all key estimates and assumptions for each generation of product, based on historical results, trends and the most current data available as of the filing date. The key estimates and assumptions used in the warranty liability are thoroughly reviewed by management on a quarterly basis. The key estimates used by us to estimate our warranty liability are: (1) the number of units expected to fail and returned for replacement over time (i.e., return rate); and (2) the per unit cost of replacement units, including outbound shipping and limited labor costs, expected to be incurred to replace failed units over time (i.e., replacement cost).
Current wording
Our warranty accrual provides for the replacement of microinverter units, AC Battery storage solutions and related accessories, EV Chargers, IQ Gateway units and IQ Energy Router units that fail during the product’s warranty term. The warranty term related to microinverter units is 15 years for first and second generation microinverters and up to 25 years for subsequent generation microinverters. The warranty term for AC Battery storage solutions is 10 to 15 years depending on the generation and 5 years for IQ PowerPack 1500. The warranty term for the IQ Gateway and IQ Energy Router is 5 years, while the warranty term for EV Chargers is 1 to 5 years depending on the product. On a quarterly basis, we employ a consistent, systematic and rational methodology to assess the adequacy of our warranty liability. This assessment includes updating all key estimates and assumptions for each generation of product, based on historical results, trends and the most current data available as of the filing date. The key estimates and assumptions used in the warranty liability are thoroughly reviewed by management on a quarterly basis. The key estimates used by us to estimate our warranty liability are: (1) the number of units expected to fail and repaired or returned for replacement over time (i.e., return rate); and (2) the per unit cost of repair or replacement of units, including outbound shipping and limited labor costs, expected to be incurred to replace failed units over time (i.e., replacement cost).
Showing the first 40 of 42 pairs. Open the source sections for the rest.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (1)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Restructuring and asset impairment charges are the net charges resulting from restructuring initiatives implemented in 2022 and 2023. We implemented the 2023 Restructuring Plan in the fourth quarter of 2023 to increase operational efficiencies, reduce operating costs, and to better align our workforce and cost structure with current market conditions, our business needs, and strategic priorities.