INDEPENDENCE REALTY TRUST, INC.

We are subject to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of our business operations. Matters which arise out of allegations of bodily injury, property damage, and employment practices are generally covered by insurance. While the resolution of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, we currently believe the final outcome of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Starting around November 2022, putative class action representatives began filing complaints in various United States District Courts across the country naming as defendants RealPage, Inc. (“RealPage”), a seller of revenue management products, and approximately 50 defendants who own and/or manage multifamily residential rental housing, alleging that the defendants conspired to fix, raise, maintain, and stabilize rent prices in violation of Section 1 of the Sherman Act. Some of the complaints, including one filed on November 14, 2022, in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, named us as one of the defendants, and others did not. On April 10, 2023, the United States Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation issued an order transferring the cases to the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee for coordinated and consolidated pretrial proceedings, where plaintiffs filed a consolidated complaint. We filed an answer to the consolidated complaint and asserted affirmative defenses. Discovery is ongoing. As these proceedings are still in the early stages, it is not possible for the Company to predict the outcome nor is it possible to estimate the amount of loss, if any, which may be associated with an adverse decision in this matter. We deny all allegations of wrongdoing and intend to defend against these claims vigorously.

On July 2, 2025, the Attorney General of Kentucky filed a complaint against RealPage and 9 other defendants who own and/or manage multifamily residential rental housing, including IRT, on behalf of the Commonwealth of Kentucky also alleging that the defendants conspired to fix, raise, maintain, and stabilize rent prices in violation of Section 1 of the Sherman Act. This proceeding is in the early stages, and it is not possible for the Company to predict the outcome nor is it possible to estimate the amount of loss, if any, which may be associated with an adverse decision in this matter. We deny all allegations of wrongdoing and intend to defend against these claims vigorously.