AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE Corp
For the period ended Mar 31, 2025. Filed May 8, 2025.
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A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Mar 31, 2025 · Filed May 8, 2025
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2024-09-30; filed 2024-11-12.
0001401521-24-000118
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2025-03-31; filed 2025-05-08.
0001401521-25-000073
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 134 previous paragraphs and 91 current paragraphs.
51 unchanged; 31 reworded; 8 added; 45 removed; 7 previous and 1 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 25 previous and 12 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (8)
Current report
In addition to the programs described above, AmCoastal purchased a new catastrophe aggregate excess of loss agreement (the “CAT Agg” agreement) to mitigate our catastrophe frequency risk. This agreement provides coverage for in-force, new and renewal business. Effective January 1, 2025, the new CAT Agg agreement provides $40,000,000 of aggregate limit (with a $20,000,000 per occurrence cap) in excess of zero after the $40,000,000 annual aggregate deductible has been exceeded. The CAT Agg agreement limits our losses from all catastrophe loss events, including named windstorms, severe convective storms and winter storm events for the full year ending December 31, 2025.
Current report
(1)Only includes new and renewal commercial policies written during the quarter.
Current report
Expenses
Current report
Expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 increased $11,038,000, or 30.6%, to $47,078,000 from $36,040,000 for the same period in 2024. The increase in expenses was primarily due to an increase in policy acquisition costs quarter-over-quarter. This was partially offset by decreased loss and LAE incurred and general and administrative expenses quarter-over-quarter. The details of these changes can be seen below.
Current report
The calculations of our expense ratios are shown below.
Current report
Policy acquisition costs increased $13,871,000, or 144.6%, to $23,466,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $9,595,000 for the same period in 2024. The primary driver of the decrease was a decrease in ceding commission income of $9,407,000 as the result of the Company's decrease in quota share reinsurance coverage from 40% to 20%, effective June 1, 2024. External management fees also increased $4,417,000 as a result of a one percent increase in the management fee agreed to in our contract renewal with AmRisc in 2024 and the increase in direct written premiums shown above.
Current report
General and administrative expenses decreased $1,746,000, or 15.5%, to $9,506,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $11,252,000 for the same period in 2024, driven by a non-recurring employee retention tax credit refund of $1,530,000 submitted to the Internal Revenue Service in 2022 and received during the first quarter of 2025. This non-recurring refund was previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed on March 10, 2025, as a gain contingency. In addition, external spending for audit, actuarial and legal services decreased $667,000 quarter-over-quarter.
Current report
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we experienced cash inflows of $26,443,000 compared to $124,484,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2024. This change was driven by a decrease in the change in reinsurance payable of $71,723,000 and a decrease in the change in accounts payable of $27,655,000.
Removed paragraphs (45)
Previous report
On February 27, 2023, our former insurance subsidiary, United Property & Casualty Insurance Company (UPC) was placed into receivership with the Florida Department of Financial Services (DFS), which divested our ownership of UPC. The events leading to receivership and results of this subsidiary, now included within discontinued operations, can be seen in Note 3 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements above.
Previous report
IIC’s core catastrophe reinsurance program in effect June 1 through May 31, annually, which provides protection from all catastrophe losses.
Previous report
IIC’s core catastrophe reinsurance program, which is reported under discontinued operations, provides coverage up to an exhaustion point of approximately $82,500,000 in the aggregate, with a retention of $2,500,000 per occurrence. Based on IIC’s PML, the program provides sufficient coverage for two 1-in-130-year events in the same season, indicating the probability of a single occurrence exceeding protection purchased is no more than 0.1%.
Previous report
(3) This treaty provided coverage on our in-force, new and renewal policies until these states were transitioned to HCPCI and TypTap upon renewal.
Previous report
Reinsurance costs as a percentage of gross earned premium for IIC, which is now captured within discontinued operations, during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:
Previous report
The impact of the current year catastrophes to IIC, which is now captured within discontinued operations, can be seen in the tables below.
Previous report
Discontinued Operations
Previous report
On February 10, 2023, we announced that a solvent run-off for UPC was unlikely and on February 27, 2023, UPC was placed into receivership with the DFS, which divested our ownership of UPC. As a result, UPC, as well as the activities related directly to supporting the business conducted by UPC, qualify as a discontinued operation. For more information regarding the results of our discontinued operations, see Note 3 in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Previous report
In addition, on May 9, 2024, the Company entered into a Sale Agreement with Forza in which ACIC will sell and Forza will acquire 100% of the issued and outstanding stock of IIC. The aggregate purchase price for the shares will be equal to IIC's GAAP shareholders' equity on the closing date. Closing is subject to customary closing conditions, including NYDFS approval of Forza's application for acquisition of control, and NYDFS approval of a new rate and form filing. A comparison of the results of IIC's operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 can be seen below.
Previous report
IIC Quarter over Quarter Results
Previous report
Net income attributable to IIC for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased $1,092,000, or 170.1%, to $450,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from a net loss of $642,000 for the same period in 2023. The details of the revenues and expenses that drove this change have been outlined below.
Previous report
IIC gross written premiums increased $2,516,000, or 25.5%, to $12,402,000 for the third quarter ended September 30, 2024 from $9,886,000 for the same period in 2023. This increase was driven primarily by an increase in renewals quarter-over-quarter. The change in IIC gross written premiums and new and renewal policies quarter-over-quarter can be seen below.
Previous report
(1)Only includes new and renewal homeowner and dwelling fire policies written during the year.
Previous report
Expenses attributable to IIC for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased $180,000, or 2.7%, to $6,954,000 from $6,774,000 for the same period in 2023. The increase in expenses was primarily due to an increase in our loss and LAE incurred during 2024, driven by increased current year non-catastrophe losses incurred, offset by decreased operating and underwriting expenses. The details of these changes can be seen below.
Previous report
Loss and LAE attributable to IIC increased by $506,000, or 12.8%, to $4,448,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $3,942,000 for the third quarter of 2023. Loss and LAE expense as a percentage of net earned premiums decreased 7.6 pts to 63.5% for the third quarter of 2024, compared to 71.1% for the third quarter of 2023. Excluding catastrophe losses and prior year reserve development, our gross underlying loss and LAE ratio for the third quarter of 2024 would have been 49.0%, an increase of 8.5 pts from 40.5% during the third quarter of 2023.
Previous report
Policy acquisition costs attributable to IIC remained relatively flat, increasing by $58,000, or 2.9%, to $2,052,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $1,994,000 for the third quarter of 2023.
Previous report
Operating and underwriting expenses attributable to IIC decreased by $390,000, or 54.3%, to $328,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $718,000 for the third quarter of 2023.
Previous report
General and administrative expenses attributable to IIC remained relatively flat, increasing by $6,000, or 5.0%, to $126,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $120,000 for the third quarter of 2023.
Previous report
IIC Year over Year Results
Previous report
Net loss attributable to IIC for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased $2,047,000, or 74.9%, to $685,000 from $2,732,000 for the same period in 2023. The details of the revenues and expenses that drove this change have been outlined below.
Previous report
Revenue
Previous report
IIC gross written premiums increased $3,830,000, or 14.0%, to $31,261,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $27,431,000 for the same period in 2023. This increase was driven primarily by rate increases and underwriting actions making their way through the book of business during 2024. The change in IIC gross written premiums and new and renewal policies quarter-over-quarter can be seen below.
Previous report
(1)Only includes new and renewal homeowner and dwelling fire policies written during the year.
Previous report
Expenses attributable to IIC for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased $3,318,000, or 17.8%, to $22,010,000 from $18,692,000 for the same period in 2023. The increase in expenses was primarily due to an increase in our loss and LAE incurred during 2024, driven by increased current year non-catastrophe losses incurred. The details of these changes can be seen below.
Previous report
Loss and LAE attributable to IIC increased $2,644,000, or 23.8%, to $13,767,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $11,123,000 for the same period in 2023. Loss and LAE expense as a percentage of net earned premiums decreased 12.7 pts to 70.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to 83.1% for the same period in 2023. Excluding catastrophe losses and prior year reserve development, our gross underlying loss and LAE ratio for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was 51.3%, an increase of 8.6 pts from 42.7% during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.
Previous report
Policy acquisition costs attributable to IIC increased $415,000, or 7.1%, to $6,234,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $5,819,000 for the same period in 2023. The primary driver of the increase was an increase in agent commissions and credit card fees of $286,000 and $235,000, respectively, both of which vary with changes in gross written premium year-over-year.
Previous report
Operating and underwriting expenses attributable to IIC decreased $188,000, or 14.7%, to $1,091,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $1,279,000 for the same period in 2023.
Previous report
General and administrative expenses attributable to IIC increased $447,000, or 94.9%, to $918,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $471,000 for the same period in 2023, driven by an increase in salary-related expenses of $371,000 and an increase in external professional service costs, such as legal and audit fees, totaling $96,000.
Previous report
ACIC net income for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased $17,551,000, or 166.1%, to net income of $28,119,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $10,568,000 for the same period in 2023. Of this income, $27,669,000 is attributable to continuing operations for the three months ended September 30, 2024, an increase of $12,654,000 from $15,015,000 for the same period in 2023. Quarter-over-quarter revenues increased, driven by a decrease in ceded premiums earned, and increases in net investment income and unrealized gains on equity securities. This was offset by increased expenses quarter-over-quarter, driven by an increase in policy acquisition costs and general and administrative expenses. In addition, the Company's provision for income taxes increased quarter-over-quarter. The Company's income from discontinued operations, also contributed to this change in net income, increasing $4,897,000 quarter-over-quarter, as the deconsolidation of UPC is not impacting the Company in 2024.
Previous report
Revenue
Previous report
(1)Only includes new and renewal homeowner, commercial and dwelling fire policies written during the quarter.
Previous report
Expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased $11,834,000, or 34.6%, to $46,072,000 from $34,238,000 for the same period in 2023. The increase in expenses was primarily due to an increase in policy acquisition costs. General and administrative expenses and losses and LAE incurred also increased, while operating expenses remained relatively flat. The details of these changes can be seen below.
Previous report
Loss and LAE increased by $1,952,000, or 19.9%, to $11,774,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $9,822,000 for the third quarter of 2023. Loss and LAE expense as a percentage of net earned premiums decreased 3.7 points to 15.8% for the third quarter of 2024, compared to 19.5% for the third quarter of 2023. Excluding catastrophe losses and prior year reserve development, our gross underlying loss and LAE ratio for the third quarter of 2024 would have been 5.1%, unchanged from the third quarter of 2023.
Previous report
Policy acquisition costs increased by $7,336,000, or 53.9%, to $20,942,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $13,606,000 for the third quarter of 2023, primarily due to a decrease in reinsurance ceding commission income of $9,149,000, driven by our commercial lines quota share coverage cession rate change from 40% to 20%, effective June 1, 2024. This was partially offset by a $1,857,000 increase in management fees attributable to our commercial property premiums.
Previous report
Operating and underwriting expenses remained relatively flat, increasing by $34,000, or 1.6%, to $2,115,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $2,081,000 for the third quarter of 2023.
Previous report
General and administrative expenses increased by $2,163,000, or 36.0%, to $8,174,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $6,011,000 for the third quarter of 2023, driven by a $1,963,000 increase in overhead costs, such as amortization of capitalized software, and a $499,000 increase in salary-related expenses.
Previous report
Revenue
Previous report
Our gross written premiums remained relatively flat, increasing $383,000, or 0.1%, to $507,066,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $507,449,000 for the same period in 2023. The breakdown of the year-over-year changes in both direct written and assumed premiums by state, gross written premium by line of business and new and renewal policies by state are shown in the tables below.
Previous report
(1)We are no longer writing in Texas as of May 31, 2022.
Previous report
(1)Only includes new and renewal homeowner, commercial and dwelling fire policies written during the quarter.
Showing the first 40 of 45 passages. Open the source sections for the rest.
Reworded paragraphs (31)
Previous wording
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, as well as with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related footnotes under Part II. Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the revised items of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed as Exhibit 99.1 to Form 8-K on October 4, 2024. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain known and unknown risks and uncertainties. See "Forward-Looking Statements."
Current wording
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, as well as with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related footnotes under Part II. Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain known and unknown risks and uncertainties. See "Forward-Looking Statements."
Previous wording
American Coastal Insurance Corporation (referred to in this document as we, our, us, the Company or ACIC) is a holding company primarily engaged in commercial and personal property and casualty insurance business with investments in the United States. On July 10, 2023, we changed our corporate name from United Insurance Holdings Corp. to American Coastal Insurance Corporation. We conduct our business principally through our two wholly-owned insurance subsidiaries: American Coastal Insurance Company (AmCoastal) and Interboro Insurance Company (IIC). Collectively, we refer to the holding company and all our subsidiaries, including non-insurance subsidiaries, as “American Coastal Insurance Corporation,” which is the preferred brand identification for our Company.
Current wording
American Coastal Insurance Corporation (referred to in this document as we, our, us, the Company or ACIC) is a holding company primarily engaged in commercial property and casualty insurance business with investments in the United States. We conduct our business principally through our wholly-owned insurance subsidiary, American Coastal Insurance Company (AmCoastal). Collectively, we refer to the holding company and all our subsidiaries, including non-insurance subsidiaries, as “American Coastal Insurance Corporation,” which is the preferred brand identification for our Company.
Previous wording
Our Company’s primary source of revenue is generated from writing insurance in Florida and New York. Our target market in such areas consists of states where the perceived threat of natural catastrophe has caused large national insurance carriers to reduce their concentration of policies. We believe an opportunity exists for ACIC to write profitable business in such areas.
Current wording
Our Company’s primary source of revenue is generated from writing insurance in Florida. Our target market in such areas consists of states where the perceived threat of natural catastrophe has caused large national insurance carriers to reduce their concentration of policies. We believe an opportunity exists for ACIC to write profitable business in such areas.
Previous wording
On May 9, 2024, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the "Sale Agreement") with Forza Insurance Holdings, LLC (Forza) in which ACIC will sell and Forza will acquire 100% of the issued and outstanding stock of IIC. The aggregate purchase price for the shares will be equal to IIC's shareholders' equity under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) on the closing date. Closing is subject to customary closing conditions, including New York Department of Financial Services (NYDFS) approval of Forza's application for acquisition of control, and NYDFS approval of a new rate and form filing. As a result, IIC results of operations and assets and liabilities are captured within discontinued operations and can be seen in Note 3 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements above.
Current wording
On May 9, 2024, we entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the "Sale Agreement") with Forza Insurance Holdings, LLC (Forza) in which ACIC agreed to sell and Forza agreed to acquire 100% of the issued and outstanding stock of IIC. Forza’s application to acquire IIC was approved by the New York Department of Financial Services ("NYDFS") on February 13, 2025, and the sale closed on April 1, 2025. The aggregate purchase price for the shares was equal to IIC's shareholders' equity under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) on the closing date. As a result, IIC results of operations and assets and liabilities are captured within discontinued operations and can be seen in Note 4 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements above.
Previous wording
We have historically grown our business through strong organic growth, complemented by strategic acquisitions and partnerships, including our acquisitions of AmCo Holding Company, LLC (AmCo) and its subsidiaries, including AmCoastal, in April 2017 and IIC in April 2016.
Current wording
We have historically grown our business through strong organic growth, complemented by strategic acquisitions and partnerships, including our acquisitions of AmCo Holding Company, LLC (AmCo) and its subsidiaries, including AmCoastal, in April 2017.
Previous wording
Our policies in-force decreased by 1.7% from 23,162 policies in-force at September 30, 2023 to 22,775 policies in-force at September 30, 2024. These values include IIC policies in-force, whose results are captured within discontinued operations. For more information regarding the concentration of our policies in force, please see the discontinued operations and results of operations sections below.
Current wording
Our policies in-force increased by 3.6% from 4,092 policies in-force at March 31, 2024 to 4,239 policies in-force at March 31, 2025. These values exclude IIC policies in-force, whose results are captured within discontinued operations. For more information regarding the concentration of our policies in force, please see the results of operations sections below.
Previous wording
When we prepare our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes in conformity with GAAP, we must make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the amounts we report. Certain of these estimates result from judgments that can be subjective and complex. As a result of that subjectivity and complexity, and because we continuously evaluate these estimates and assumptions based on a variety of factors, actual results could materially differ from our estimates and assumptions if changes in one or more factors require us to make accounting adjustments. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we reassessed our critical accounting policies and estimates as disclosed in Note 2 to the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. We have made no material changes or additions with regard to those policies and estimates.
Current wording
When we prepare our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes in conformity with GAAP, we must make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the amounts we report. Certain of these estimates result from judgments that can be subjective and complex. As a result of that subjectivity and complexity, and because we continuously evaluate these estimates and assumptions based on a variety of factors, actual results could materially differ from our estimates and assumptions if changes in one or more factors require us to make accounting adjustments. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we reassessed our critical accounting policies and estimates as disclosed in Note 2 to the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. We have made no material changes or additions with regard to those policies and estimates.
Previous wording
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements and related notes, and in conjunction with the section entitled "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the revised items of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed as Exhibit 99.1 to Form 8-K on October 4, 2024.
Current wording
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements and related notes, and in conjunction with the section entitled "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Previous wording
Our cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and investment portfolio totaled $571,113,000 at September 30, 2024, compared to $311,874,000 at December 31, 2023.
Current wording
Our cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and investment portfolio totaled $568,827,000 at March 31, 2025, compared to $540,811,000 at December 31, 2024.
Previous wording
We classify all of our fixed-maturity investments as available-for-sale. Our investments at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 consisted mainly of U.S. government and agency securities, states, municipalities and political subdivisions, mortgage-backed securities and securities of investment-grade corporate issuers. Our equity holdings as of September 30, 2024 consist of mutual funds. We held no equities as of December 31, 2023. At September 30, 2024, approximately 87.8% of our fixed maturities were U.S. Treasuries or corporate bonds rated “A” or better, and 12.2% were corporate bonds rated “BBB” or "BB", including our investments held in discontinued operations.
Current wording
We classify all of our fixed-maturity investments as available-for-sale. Our investments at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 consisted mainly of U.S. government and agency securities, securities of investment-grade corporate issuers, mortgage-backed securities, and states, municipalities and political subdivisions. Our equity holdings as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 consisted of mutual funds and common stock. At March 31, 2025, approximately 88.6% of our fixed maturities were U.S. Treasuries or corporate bonds rated “A” or better, and 11.4% were corporate bonds rated “BBB” or "BB".
Previous wording
Our catastrophe reinsurance coverage consists of three separate placements:
Current wording
Our catastrophe reinsurance coverage consists of two separate placements:
Previous wording
AmCoastal’s core catastrophe reinsurance program in effect June 1 through May 31, annually, which includes excess of loss and quota share treaties providing coverage for catastrophe losses from named or numbered windstorms;
Current wording
AmCoastal’s core catastrophe reinsurance program in effect June 1 through May 31, annually, which includes excess of loss and quota share treaties providing coverage for catastrophe losses from named or numbered windstorms; and
Previous wording
AmCoastal’s all other perils catastrophe excess of loss agreement in effect January 1 through December 31, annually, which provides protection from catastrophe loss events other than named or numbered windstorms and earthquakes; and
Current wording
AmCoastal’s all other perils catastrophe excess of loss agreement in effect January 1 through December 31, annually, which provides protection from catastrophe loss events other than named or numbered windstorms and earthquakes.
Previous wording
This reinsurance protection is an essential part of our catastrophe risk management strategy. It is intended to provide our stockholders with an acceptable return on the risks assumed by our insurance entities, and to reduce the variability of earnings, while providing surplus protection. Although reinsurance agreements contractually obligate our reinsurers to reimburse us for the agreed-upon portion of our gross paid losses, they do not discharge our primary liability. In the event one or more of our reinsurers fail to fulfill their obligation, the surplus of our statutory entities may decline, and we may not be able to fulfill our obligation to policyholders, or we may not be able to maintain compliance with various regulatory financial requirements. Additionally, we face the risk that actual losses incurred from one or more catastrophic events may be above the modeled expected loss resulting in losses exceeding our reinsurance coverage, which may result in a decline in surplus, and as a result we may not be able to fulfill our obligations to policyholders, or we may not be able to maintain compliance with various regulatory financial requirements. The details of our programs and the likelihood of a catastrophic event exceeding these three coverages are outlined below.
Current wording
This reinsurance protection is an essential part of our catastrophe risk management strategy. It is intended to provide our stockholders with an acceptable return on the risks assumed by our insurance entity, and to reduce the variability of earnings, while providing surplus protection. Although reinsurance agreements contractually obligate our reinsurers to reimburse us for the agreed-upon portion of our gross paid losses, they do not discharge our primary liability. In the event one or more of our reinsurers fail to fulfill their obligation, the surplus of our statutory entity may decline, and we may not be able to fulfill our obligation to policyholders, or we may not be able to maintain compliance with various regulatory financial requirements. Additionally, we face the risk that actual losses incurred from one or more catastrophic events may be above the modeled expected loss resulting in losses exceeding our reinsurance coverage, which may result in a decline in surplus, and as a result we may not be able to fulfill our obligations to policyholders, or we may not be able to maintain compliance with various regulatory financial requirements. The details of our programs and the likelihood of a catastrophic event exceeding these three coverages are outlined below.
Previous wording
AmCoastal’s all other perils catastrophe excess of loss agreement provides protection from catastrophe loss events other than named windstorms and earthquakes up to $172,000,000 in the aggregate. This agreement provides sufficient coverage for a 1-in-450-year return period, indicating that the probability of a single occurrence exceeding protection purchased is no more than 0.2%.
Current wording
AmCoastal’s all other perils catastrophe excess of loss agreement provides protection from catastrophe loss events other than named windstorms and earthquakes up to $88,200,000 for a first and second event, totaling $176,400,000 in the aggregate. This agreement provides sufficient coverage for approximately a 1-in-450-year return period, indicating that the probability of a single occurrence exceeding protection purchased is no more than 0.2%.
Previous wording
Effective December 15, 2023, we agreed to commute a private reinsurer’s share of core catastrophe reinsurance coverage and replace this gap in coverage with new coverage provided by one of our other private reinsurers. This transaction resulted in additional expense of approximately $6,300,000 for the year ended December 31, 2023, and a reduction in expense of approximately $6,300,000 and $15,700,000 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively.
Current wording
Effective December 15, 2023, the Company agreed to commute a private reinsurer’s share of core catastrophe reinsurance coverage and replace this gap in coverage with new coverage provided by one of the Company's other private reinsurers. This transaction resulted in a reduction in expense of approximately $6,300,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Previous wording
Where we think prudent, particularly where, premium rates are high relative to the risk, we retain risk whereby AmCoastal purchases reinsurance from UPC Re, our captive reinsurance entity. UPC Re participates on AmCoastal's all other perils catastrophe excess of loss agreement and AmCoastal's excess per risk agreement. In addition, UPC Re participates in a 30% quota share agreement with AmCoastal, which provides coverage for all catastrophe perils as well as attritional losses incurred. The table below outlines the participation of UPC Re for each program, including premium received and capital at risk.
Current wording
Where we think prudent, particularly where, premium rates are high relative to the risk, we retain risk whereby AmCoastal purchases reinsurance from Shoreline Re, our captive reinsurance entity. Shoreline Re participates on AmCoastal's all other perils catastrophe excess of loss agreement and AmCoastal's excess per risk agreement. In addition, Shoreline Re participates in a 30% quota share agreement with AmCoastal, which provides coverage for all catastrophe perils as well as attritional losses incurred. The table below outlines the participation of Shoreline Re for each program, including premium received and capital at risk.
Previous wording
(1)Capital at risk is calculated by taking the aggregate losses UPC Re is subject to under the contract, less net premiums earned under the contract.
Current wording
(1)Capital at risk is calculated by taking the aggregate losses Shoreline Re is subject to under the contract, less net premiums earned under the contract.
Previous wording
The table below outlines our external quota share agreements in effect for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. The impacts of these quota share agreements on the financial statements of our former subsidiary, UPC, are included in discontinued operations in 2023.
Current wording
The table below outlines our external quota share agreements in effect for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
Previous wording
Reinsurance costs as a percentage of gross earned premium during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:
Current wording
Reinsurance costs as a percentage of gross earned premium during the three month periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:
Previous wording
Unpaid losses and LAE totaled $173,322,000 and $347,738,000 as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. In addition, unpaid losses related to IIC totaled $21,356,000 and $22,483,000 as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, which have been classified as discontinued operations.
Current wording
Unpaid losses and LAE totaled $256,289,000 and $322,087,000 as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
Previous wording
ACIC net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased $224,855,000, or 76.1%, to $70,772,000 from $295,627,000 for the same period in 2023. Of this income, $70,451,000 is attributable to continuing operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, an increase of $2,627,000 from $67,824,000 for the same period in 2023. Year-over-year revenues increased 2%, driven by an increase in gross premiums earned and investment income, partially offset by an increase in ceded premiums earned. This was offset by lower expenses year-over-year, driven by a decrease in policy acquisition costs and loss and LAE incurred, partially offset by increased general and administrative expenses. In addition, the Company's provision for income taxes increased year-over-year. The Company's income from discontinued operations decreased $227,482,000 year-over-year as the deconsolidation of UPC is not impacting the Company in 2024. The divestiture of UPC in 2023 drove a gain of $238,440,000 that was non-recurring.
Current wording
ACIC net income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 decreased $2,251,000, or 9.5%, to $21,348,000 from $23,599,000 for the same period in 2024. Of this income, $19,711,000 is attributable to continuing operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a decrease of $3,998,000 from $23,709,000 for the same period in 2024. Year-over-year revenues increased 8.4%, driven by an increase in net premiums earned. This increase in revenue was offset by increased policy acquisition costs quarter-over-quarter, partially offset by decreased losses and LAE incurred and general and administrative expenses.
Previous wording
Our gross written premiums remained relatively flat, decreasing $970,000, or 1.0%, to $93,016,000 for the third quarter ended September 30, 2024 from $93,986,000 for the same period in 2023. The breakdown of the quarter-over-quarter changes in both direct written and assumed premiums by state, gross written premium by line of business and new and renewal policies by state are shown in the tables below.
Current wording
Our gross written premiums increased $13,251,000, or 7.2%, to $197,852,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $184,601,000 for the same period in 2024, driven by the increase in new and renewal policies shown below. The breakdown of the quarter-over-quarter changes in both direct written and assumed premiums and new and renewal policies are shown in the tables below.
Previous wording
(1)Assumed premium written for 2023 included commercial property business assumed from unaffiliated insurers.
Current wording
(1)Assumed premium written for 2025 primarily included commercial property business assumed from unaffiliated insurers subsequently cancelled.
Previous wording
Loss and LAE decreased $443,000, or 1.1%, to $39,525,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $39,968,000 for the same period in 2023. Loss and LAE expense as a percentage of net earned premiums increased 0.9 points to 19.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to 18.8% for the same period in 2023. Excluding catastrophe losses and prior year reserve development, our gross underlying loss and LAE ratio for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was 7.7%, a decrease of 0.8 points from 8.5% during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.
Current wording
Loss and LAE decreased $1,085,000, or 8.7%, to $11,389,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $12,474,000 for the same period in 2024. Loss and LAE expense as a percentage of net earned premiums decreased 3.2 points to 16.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to 19.9% for the same period in 2024. Excluding catastrophe losses and prior year reserve development, our gross underlying loss and LAE ratio for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was 8.4%, an increase of 0.8 points from 7.6% during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Previous wording
As a holding company, we do not conduct any business operations of our own and, as a result, we rely on cash dividends or intercompany loans from our management subsidiaries to pay our general and administrative expenses. Insurance regulatory authorities heavily regulate our insurance subsidiaries, including restricting any dividends paid by our insurance subsidiaries and requiring approval of any management fees our insurance subsidiaries pay to our management subsidiaries for services rendered; however, nothing restricts our non-insurance company subsidiaries from paying us dividends other than state corporate laws regarding solvency. Our management subsidiaries pay us dividends primarily using cash from the collection of management fees from our insurance subsidiaries, pursuant to the management agreements in effect between those entities. In accordance with state laws, our insurance subsidiaries may pay dividends or make distributions out of that part of their statutory surplus derived from their net operating profit and their net realized capital gains. The Risk-Based Capital (RBC) guidelines published by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners may further restrict our insurance subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends or make distributions if the amount of the intended dividend or distribution would cause their respective surplus as it regards policyholders to fall below minimum RBC guidelines. See Note 13 in our Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Current wording
As a holding company, we do not conduct any business operations of our own and, as a result, we rely on cash dividends or intercompany loans from our management subsidiaries to pay our general and administrative expenses. Insurance regulatory authorities heavily regulate our insurance subsidiary, including restricting any dividends paid by our insurance subsidiary and requiring approval of any management fees our insurance subsidiary pays to our management subsidiaries for services rendered; however, nothing restricts our non-insurance company subsidiaries from paying us dividends other than state corporate laws regarding solvency. Our management subsidiaries pay us dividends primarily using cash from the collection of management fees from our insurance subsidiary, pursuant to the management agreements in effect between those entities. In accordance with state laws, our insurance subsidiaries may pay dividends or make distributions out of that part of their statutory surplus derived from their net operating profit and their net realized capital gains. The Risk-Based Capital (RBC) guidelines published by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners may further restrict our insurance subsidiary's ability to pay dividends or make distributions if the amount of the intended dividend or distribution would cause their respective surplus as it regards policyholders to fall below minimum RBC guidelines. See Note 14 in our Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Previous wording
During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company made capital contributions of $1,265,000 to its reinsurance subsidiary, UPC Re. We may make future contributions of capital to our insurance subsidiaries as circumstances require. The Company made no capital contributions to its subsidiaries during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.
Current wording
The Company made no capital contributions to its subsidiaries during the three months ended March 31, 2025. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company made capital contributions of $1,265,000 to its reinsurance subsidiary, Shoreline Re. We may make future contributions of capital to our insurance subsidiaries as circumstances require.
Previous wording
In September 2023, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement (the “Agreement”) with Raymond James & Associates, Inc., as agent (the “Agent”), of up to 8,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Shares”). Sales of the Shares under the Agreement will be made in sales deemed to be “at the market offerings”. The Agent is not required to sell any specific amount of Shares but has agreed to act as the Company’s sales agent for a commission equal to 3.0% of the gross proceeds from the sales of the Shares. As of September 30, 2024, 4,373,000 shares had been sold under the Agreement resulting in commissions paid of approximately $1,181,000 and net proceeds of approximately $38,190,000. The Agreement will terminate upon the issuance and sale of all Shares subject to the Agreement, or the Agreement may be suspended or discontinued at any time.
Current wording
In September 2023, we entered into an equity distribution agreement (the “Agreement”) with Raymond James & Associates, Inc., as agent (the “Agent”), of up to 8,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Shares”). Sales of the Shares under the Agreement will be made in sales deemed to be “at the market offerings”. The Agent is not required to sell any specific amount of Shares but has agreed to act as our sales agent for a commission equal to 3.0% of the gross proceeds from the sales of the Shares. As of March 31, 2025, 4,373,000 shares had been sold under the Agreement resulting in commissions paid of approximately $1,181,000 and net proceeds of approximately $38,190,000. The
Previous wording
Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (in millions)
Current wording
Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (in millions)
Previous wording
The principal cash inflows from our investing activities come from repayments of principal, proceeds from maturities and sales of investments. We closely monitor and manage these risks through our comprehensive investment risk management process. The principal cash outflows relate to sales of investments. The primary liquidity concerns with respect to these cash flows are the risk of default by debtors and market disruption. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, net purchases of investments totaled $162,893,000 compared to net sales of investments of $263,877,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. These net sales in 2023 were offset by the disposition of $232,582,000 in cash related to the receivership of UPC.
Current wording
The principal cash inflows from our investing activities come from repayments of principal, proceeds from maturities and sales of investments. We closely monitor and manage these risks through our comprehensive investment risk management process. The principal cash outflows relate to sales of investments. The primary liquidity concerns with respect to these cash flows are the risk of default by debtors and market disruption. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, net sales of investments totaled $5,300,000 compared to net purchases of investments of $2,005,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Previous wording
The principal cash outflows from our financing activities come from repayments of debt and payments of dividends. The primary liquidity concern with respect to these cash flows is market disruption in the cost and availability of credit. We believe our current capital resources, together with cash provided from our operations, are sufficient to meet currently anticipated working capital requirements. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, cash provided by financing activities totaled $11,621,000, compared to $38,000 provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The increase in inflow in 2024 is attributed to the proceeds received from the issuance of our common stock, primarily under our at the market program described above.
Current wording
The principal cash outflows from our financing activities come from repayments of debt and payments of dividends. The primary liquidity concern with respect to these cash flows is market disruption in the cost and availability of credit. We believe our current capital resources, together with cash provided from our operations, are sufficient to meet currently anticipated working capital requirements. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, cash provided by financing activities totaled $309,000, compared to $11,398,000 provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The decrease in inflow in 2025 is attributed to the proceeds received from the issuance of our common stock, primarily under our at the market program described above during 2024.
Rearranged current paragraphs (1)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Agreement will terminate upon the issuance and sale of all Shares subject to the Agreement, or the Agreement may be suspended or discontinued at any time.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (7)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
The breakdown of our ceded premiums written under the various types of agreements, as well as the amortization of ceded unearned premiums for IIC, which is now captured in discontinued operations, can be seen in the tables below.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
(1) Incurred loss and LAE is equal to losses and LAE paid plus the change in case and incurred but not reported reserves. Shown net of losses ceded to reinsurers. Incurred loss and LAE and number of events includes the development on storms during the year in which it occurred.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
(1)Underlying loss and LAE is a non-GAAP measure and is reconciled above to net loss and LAE, the most directly comparable GAAP measure. Additional information regarding non-GAAP financial measures presented in this document is in the "Definitions of Non-GAAP Measures" section of this Form 10-Q.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
(1)Underlying loss and LAE is a non-GAAP measure and is reconciled above to net loss and LAE, the most directly comparable GAAP measure. Additional information regarding non-GAAP financial measures presented in this document is in the "Definitions of Non-GAAP Measures" section of this Form 10-Q.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - COMPARISON OF THE NINE MONTH PERIODS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024 AND 2023
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
(2)Assumed premium written for 2023 included commercial property business assumed from unaffiliated insurers.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
(1)Underlying loss and LAE is a non-GAAP measure and is reconciled above to net loss and LAE, the most directly comparable GAAP measure. Additional information regarding non-GAAP financial measures presented in this document is in the "Definitions of Non-GAAP Measures" section of this Form 10-Q.