GREEN DOT CORP

Previous wording

Our consolidated results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

Current wording

Our consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 were as follows:

Previous wording

Our total operating revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased $85.1 million, or 21%, and $289.0 million, or 23%, respectively, over the prior year comparable periods, driven primarily by higher revenues in our B2B Services segment, partially offset by lower revenues earned in our Consumer Services segment. Continued growth of certain BaaS partner programs generated an increase of 18% and 20% in our total gross dollar volume for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, over the prior year comparable periods, and increased the number of consolidated active accounts during three months ended September 30, 2025 by 1%, which together increased our total operating revenues year-over-year. However, as discussed below, our total operating revenues were negatively impacted by unfavorable trends and factors in our deposit account programs, driving, among other things, a reduction in purchase volume and the effective interchange rates we earn thereon, and a reduction in the number of cash transfers of 10% and 7% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, from the prior year comparable periods.

Current wording

Continued growth of certain BaaS partner programs generated an increase of 16% in our total gross dollar volume for the three months ended March 31, 2026 over the prior year comparable period, which increased our total operating revenues year-over-year. However, as discussed below, our total operating revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2026 were negatively impacted by unfavorable trends and factors in our deposit account programs, driving, among other things, a decrease in the number of active accounts, purchase volume, and number of cash transfers of 4%, 8%, and 7%, respectively, from the prior year comparable period.

Previous wording

In our B2B Services segment, revenues increased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 by 32% and 37%, respectively, over the prior year comparable periods. The increase was driven by strong year-over-year growth in our gross dollar volume, which increased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 by 22% and 23%, respectively, and to a lesser extent, growth in purchase volume, which increased by 1% and 2%, respectively, over the prior year comparable periods. The number of active accounts for the three months ended September 30, 2025 increased by 13% over the prior year comparable period. The growth in gross dollar volume was driven primarily by certain BaaS programs that do not generate interchange fees and resulted in a net increase in segment revenue due to higher program management service fees earned from these BaaS partners.

Current wording

In our B2B Services segment, revenues increased during the three months ended March 31, 2026 by 22% over the prior year comparable period. The increase was driven by strong year-over-year growth in our gross dollar volume, which increased during the three months ended March 31, 2026 by 19%, and to a lesser extent, growth in the number of active accounts, which increased by 7% over the prior year comparable period. These increases in revenues were partially offset by a decrease in interchange revenue due to a decrease in purchase volume of 3% from the prior year comparable period. The growth in gross dollar volume was driven primarily by certain BaaS programs that do not generate interchange fees and resulted in a net increase in segment revenue due to higher program management service fees earned from these BaaS partners.

Previous wording

In our Consumer Services segment, revenues decreased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 by 10% and 6%, respectively, from the prior year comparable periods. Our gross dollar volume and purchase volume declined by 9% and 6%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, and the number of active accounts and direct deposit accounts both declined by 9%. Similarly, both gross dollar volume and purchase volume declined for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 by 6% and 5%, respectively, from the prior year comparable period. While we are seeing some moderation in these declining trends, we believe these decreases in our Consumer Services segment remain attributable to several persistent factors, including macro-economic factors affecting consumer behavior and other competitive trends that have impacted account acquisition. These factors had a corresponding negative impact on the amount of accountholder fee revenue we earn from accounts, including monthly maintenance fees, ATM fees and interchange fees.

Current wording

In our Consumer Services segment, revenues decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2026 by 9% from the prior year comparable period. Our gross dollar volume and purchase volume declined by 8% and 11%, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2026, and the number of active accounts and direct deposit accounts declined by 16% and 7%, respectively. While we saw some moderation in these declining trends in 2025, we believe these decreases in our Consumer Services segment remain attributable to several persistent factors, including macro-economic factors affecting consumer behavior and other competitive trends that have impacted account acquisition. These factors had a corresponding negative impact on the amount of accountholder fee revenue we earn from accounts, including monthly maintenance fees, ATM fees and interchange fees. These decreases in segment revenues were partially offset by fees generated from our overdraft protection programs due to expanded usage by our accountholders.

Previous wording

In our Money Movement Services segment, revenues decreased during the three months ended September 30, 2025 by 6% and increased by 2% during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, from the prior year comparable periods. The decrease in our Money Movement Services revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2025 was primarily driven by a decrease in our cash transfer revenues, partially offset by an increase in tax processing revenues. The decrease in our cash transfer revenues was primarily due to a 10% decrease in the number of cash transfers processed from the comparable prior year period. The decline in the number of cash transfers processed was primarily due to a lower number of active accounts within our Consumer Services segment discussed above, and to a lesser extent, a lower number of cash transfers processed for third-party programs. The Green Dot Network is a service provider to accountholders in both our Consumer Services and B2B Services segments, as well as third-party programs. Although the number of cash transfers from third-party programs decreased slightly year over year, we continue to experience a strong concentration from our third-party programs, and represented the majority of our total cash transfers as of September 30, 2025. Our tax processing revenues increased during the three months ended September 30, 2025 due to a 3% increase in the number of tax refunds processed and from higher ancillary tax program fees that are associated with tax refund transfers.

Current wording

In our Money Movement Services segment, revenues increased during the three months ended March 31, 2026 by 19% from the prior year comparable period. The increase in our Money Movement Services segment during the three months ended March 31, 2026 was driven primarily by an increase in our tax processing revenues, partially offset by a decrease in cash transfer revenues. Although the number of tax refunds processed decreased by 3% for the three months ended March 31, 2026, as compared to the prior year period, our tax processing revenues increased due to the expansion of our taxpayer advance programs. The decrease in the number of tax refunds processed was principally attributable to our online tax preparation partners. The increase in tax processing revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was partially offset by a 7% decrease in the number of cash transfers processed from the prior year comparable period. The decline in the number of cash transfers processed was primarily due to a lower number of active accounts within our Consumer Services segment discussed above, and to a lesser extent, a lower number of cash transfers processed for third-party programs. The Green Dot Network is a service provider to accountholders in both our Consumer Services and B2B Services segments, as well as third-party programs. Although the number of cash transfers from third-party programs decreased slightly year over year, they continue to represent the majority of our total cash transfers as of March 31, 2026.

Previous wording

Revenues within our Corporate and Other segment were driven primarily by net interest income earned by Green Dot Bank, which increased by 41% and 51% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, over the prior year comparable periods. The increase in net interest income was primarily the result of yields earned from an increase in cash from deposit programs with our partners and to a lesser extent, higher yielding investments from our bond repositioning strategy and a decrease in interest shared with certain BaaS partners (a reduction of revenue).

Current wording

Revenues within our Corporate and Other segment were driven primarily by net interest income earned by Green Dot Bank, which increased by 26% for the three months ended March 31, 2026, over the prior year comparable period. The increase in net interest income was primarily the result of both the size of our investments portfolio and higher yielding investments therein from our bond repositioning strategy, as well as a decrease in interest shared with certain BaaS partners (a reduction of revenue).

Previous wording

Our total operating expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased $115.0 million, or 28%, and $231.7 million, or 18%, respectively, over the prior year comparable periods.

Current wording

Our total operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2026 increased $89.1 million, or 18%, over the prior year comparable period.

Previous wording

For the three months ended September 30, 2025, the increase in total operating expenses was driven primarily by an increase in our processing expenses from the growth in gross dollar volume associated with certain BaaS account programs within our B2B Services segment discussed above. In addition, our total operating expenses increased due to an increase in other general and administrative expenses, driven primarily by an increase in overall transaction losses attributable to an increase in our dispute loss rates, higher professional services fees associated with our strategic review process and our anti-money laundering ("AML") regulatory compliance initiatives, and an increase in software licenses and hosting costs due to investments in our platform and operations. As discussed further below, we also recorded restructuring and other charges associated with our decision to exit our operations in China. To a lesser extent, compensation and benefits expenses increased, driven primarily by higher accrued bonus compensation expense due to our current financial performance relative to our annual targets, partially offset by a decrease in employee stock-based compensation expense due to forfeitures of awards. These increases were partially offset by lower sales and marketing expenses principally due to a decrease in supply chain materials expenses, which are comprised of debit card plastics and related materials costs, from fewer active accounts, a decrease in revenue-sharing arrangements in our tax processing business and a decrease in our marketing expenses in our Consumer Services business.

Current wording

The increase in total operating expenses was driven primarily by an increase in our processing expenses from the growth in gross dollar volume associated with certain BaaS account programs within our B2B Services segment, which is discussed above. To a lesser extent, our total operating expenses increased due to an increase in other general and administrative expenses, driven primarily by higher professional services fees associated with our proposed transactions with CommerceOne and Smith Ventures, as well as our anti-money laundering ("AML") regulatory compliance initiatives, and an increase in depreciation and amortization expense and software licenses and hosting costs due to investments in our platform and operations. These increases in other general and administrative expenses were partially offset by a decrease in overall transaction losses attributable to a decrease in customer dispute volume across our portfolios and a favorable reduction in our dispute loss rates. Total operating expenses were partially offset by a decrease in compensation and benefits expenses, driven primarily by a reduction in third-party call center support costs associated with certain of our BaaS account programs discussed above, and a decrease in salary and wage expenses and rent expense due to the closure of our China operations announced in September 2025, partially offset by higher employee stock-based compensation expense due to forfeitures of certain awards in the prior year comparable period.

Previous wording

Our income tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2025 increased by $4.6 million over the prior year comparable period primarily due to an increase in our loss before taxes and a decrease in nondeductible expenses and penalties primarily related to the tax effect associated with the civil money penalty we incurred in 2024 for our Consent Order received from the Federal Reserve Board. Our effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was 19.9%, an increase from (4.6)% for the prior year comparable period. The increase in our effective tax rate was due to several factors, including a lower tax rate benefit from reduced general business credits, an increase in state income taxes expense, net of federal benefits, and a lower tax rate benefit from the cash surrender value in bank-owned life insurance policies. These increases in our effective tax rate were partially offset by a decrease in the amount of compensation expense that was subject to the Internal Revenue Code (the "IRC") Section 162(m) limitation on the deductibility of certain executive compensation, a decrease in tax expense associated with shortfalls from stock-based compensation, and a decrease in tax expense from nondeductible expenses and penalties primarily related to the civil money penalty under our Consent Order discussed above.

Current wording

Our income tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2026 increased by $6.0 million over the prior year comparable period primarily due to an increase in income before taxes. Our effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was 20.5%, a decrease from 23.4% for the prior year comparable period. The decrease in our effective tax rate was due to several factors, including a higher tax rate benefit from increased general business credits, a decrease in state income taxes expense, net of federal benefits, a higher tax rate benefit from the increase in cash surrender value in bank-owned life insurance policies, and a decrease in tax expense associated with shortfalls from stock-based compensation. These decreases in our effective tax rate were partially offset by an increase in the amount of compensation expense that was subject to the IRC Section 162(m) limitation on the deductibility of certain executive compensation and an increase in the valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets.

Previous wording

While we are still experiencing a difficult macro-economic environment, competitive headwinds and other factors that have contributed to declining trends in our consolidated operating results in recent periods, excluding any impact from our strategic review process and non-operating items such as our equity method losses in TailFin, we continue to expect our core results of operations will stabilize on a full year basis year-over-year in 2025 based on our anticipated initiatives and cost reduction measures we have implemented. In March 2025, we announced that we had initiated a process to explore potential strategic alternatives. No assurances can be given as to the outcome or timing of the strategic review process, including without limitation that such process will result in a transaction or that any transaction, if pursued, will be successfully completed. We do not intend to disclose further developments regarding the process unless and until it is determined that further disclosure is appropriate.

Current wording

While we are still experiencing a difficult macro-economic environment, competitive headwinds and other factors that have contributed to declining trends in our consolidated operating results in recent periods, excluding impacts from the proposed transactions with CommerceOne and Smith Ventures and other non-operating items, such as our equity method losses in TailFin, we continue to expect our core results of operations will stabilize on a full year basis year-over-year in 2026 based on our anticipated initiatives and cost-reduction measures we have implemented.

Previous wording

We intend to continue to make growth-oriented investments and incur other expenditures that we believe will benefit our long-term financial results. Our growth-oriented investments are focused on, among other things, accelerating our ability to onboard new partners in our B2B Services and Money Movement segments, adding new features and functionality to our Arc platform, cost-effectively re-engaging in strategic marketing initiatives in support of our GO2bank product, and other initiatives across our account programs with the objective of returning to active account growth.

Current wording

We intend to continue to make growth-oriented investments and incur other expenditures that we believe will benefit our long-term financial results. Our growth-oriented investments are focused on, among other things, accelerating our ability to onboard new partners in our B2B Services and Money Movement segments, adding new features and functionality to our Arc platform, cost-effectively implementing strategic marketing initiatives in support of our GO2bank product, and other initiatives across our account programs with the objective of returning to active account growth. In 2025, we initiated a re-alignment of teams and resources across the enterprise in a continual effort to better support our strategic priorities and growth channels, and improve our operating efficiency. We expect these re-alignments, including the exit from our operational activities in China, to further improve our cost structure year-over-year.

Previous wording

Despite the meaningful reductions to our cost structure we have achieved across our organization through our various initiatives, we are incurring increased expenses in other areas as we conduct our strategic review process, incur or accrue for additional retention and interim officer compensation expenses and incur additional expenses in connection with our ongoing investments in our AML program, including improvements to our compliance controls, policies and procedures. While expenses related to our AML programs decreased through the first half of 2025 on a year-over-year basis, this was in part a timing matter, and we have incurred and expect will continue to incur higher expenses in this area during the second half of the year. We believe investments in our AML program will ultimately help us continue to remediate matters identified in the Consent Order from the previous year, reduce our fraud losses over the long term and cost-efficiently scale our compliance and regulatory programs as we look to grow our business.

Current wording

Despite the meaningful reductions in our cost structure that we have achieved across our organization through our various completed and ongoing initiatives, we are incurring increased expenses in other areas as we endeavor to complete the proposed transactions with CommerceOne and Smith Ventures, incur or accrue for additional retention and officer compensation expenses and incur expenses in connection with our ongoing investments in our AML program, including improvements to our compliance controls, policies and procedures. We believe investments in our AML program will ultimately help us continue to remediate matters identified, reduce our fraud losses over the long term and cost-efficiently scale our compliance and regulatory programs as we look to grow our business.

Previous wording

In October 2025, the Federal Reserve decreased interest rates by an additional 25 basis points to a current range of 3.75% to 4.00%. The Federal Reserve's decision-making policies for short-term interest rates will continue to impact the amount of net interest income we earn in the future. In general, while higher short-term interest rates benefit the yield we earn on our cash, certain of our BaaS partner arrangements allow for the BaaS partner to share in a significant portion of the interest earned from accountholder deposits (which are recorded as a reduction of revenue in our consolidated financial statements), and yields on our investment portfolio tend to lag interest rate increases as securities mature and proceeds are reinvested. Accordingly, the net effect has had and we expect will continue to have a negative impact on our consolidated financial statements and will be dependent upon future interest rate changes enacted by the Federal Reserve. To address some of this dynamic, we have begun to reposition a portion of our investment securities portfolio and our cash into variable rate debt securities to improve net yields and balance the effect of our interest sharing arrangements with BaaS partners.

Current wording

In December 2025, the Federal Reserve decreased interest rates by an additional 25 basis points to a current range of 3.50% to 3.75%. The Federal Reserve's decision-making policies for short-term interest rates will continue to impact the amount of net interest income we earn in the future. In general, while higher short-term interest rates benefit the yield we earn on our cash, certain of our BaaS partner arrangements allow for the BaaS partner to share in a significant portion of the interest earned from accountholder deposits (which are recorded as a reduction of revenue in our consolidated financial statements), and fixed yields on our investment portfolio tend to lag interest rate increases as securities mature and proceeds are reinvested. Accordingly, the net effect has had, and we expect will continue to have, a negative impact on our consolidated financial statements and will be dependent upon future interest rate changes enacted by the Federal Reserve. In an effort to mitigate these impacts, beginning in the second quarter of 2025, we started to gradually reposition a portion of our investment securities portfolio and our cash into variable rate debt securities to improve net yields, and we continue with our investment strategies to balance the effect of our interest sharing arrangements with BaaS partners.

Previous wording

We classify our operating expenses into the following four categories:

Current wording

We classify our operating expenses into the following categories:

Previous wording

Other General and Administrative Expenses — Other general and administrative expenses consist primarily of professional services fees, telephone and communication costs, depreciation and amortization of our property and equipment, amortization of our intangible assets, impairment charges of long-lived assets, transaction losses (losses from customer disputed transactions, unrecovered customer purchase transaction overdrafts and fraud), rent and utilities, and insurance. We incur telephone and communication costs primarily from customers contacting us through our toll-free telephone numbers. These costs vary with the total number of active accounts in our portfolio, as do losses from customer disputed transactions, unrecovered customer purchase transaction overdrafts and fraud. Costs associated with professional services, depreciation and amortization of our property and equipment, amortization of our acquired intangible assets, impairment charges of long-lived assets, rent and utilities vary based upon our investment in infrastructure, business development, risk management, internal controls and strategic review process and are generally not correlated with our operating revenues or other transaction metrics.

Current wording

Other General and Administrative Expenses — Other general and administrative expenses consist primarily of professional services fees, telephone and communication costs, depreciation and amortization of our property and equipment, amortization of our intangible assets, impairment charges of long-lived assets, transaction losses (losses from customer disputed transactions, unrecovered customer purchase transaction overdrafts and fraud), rent and utilities, and insurance. We incur telephone and communication costs primarily from customers contacting us through our toll-free telephone numbers. These costs vary with the total number of active accounts in our portfolio, as do losses from customer disputed transactions, unrecovered customer purchase transaction overdrafts and fraud. Costs associated with professional services, depreciation and amortization of our property and equipment, amortization of our acquired intangible assets, impairment charges of long-lived assets, rent and utilities that vary based upon our investment in infrastructure, business development, risk management, internal controls and activities relating to acquisitions, divestitures and other strategic transactions, such as our strategic review process and the proposed transactions with CommerceOne and Smith Ventures, are generally not correlated with our operating revenues or other transaction metrics.

Previous wording

Other expense, net includes income and expenses we generally do not consider normal operating activities, such as earnings, losses or impairment attributable to equity method investments, realized gains or losses on investment securities, income earned on bank-owned life insurance policies, and changes in valuation allowances on loans held for sale, amongst other similar items that may arise from time to time.

Current wording

Other income and expense, net includes income and expenses we generally do not consider normal operating activities, such as earnings, losses or impairment attributable to equity method investments, realized gains or losses on investment securities, income earned on bank-owned life insurance policies, and changes in valuation allowances on loans held for sale, amongst other similar items that may arise from time to time.

Previous wording

Our income tax expense and benefit consists of the federal and state corporate income taxes accrued on income resulting from the sale of our products and services. Our effective income tax rate may differ from the 21% U.S. federal statutory rate due to a number of factors, including state income taxes, general business credits, non-deductible expenses and penalties, increases or decreases in valuation allowances and liabilities for uncertain tax positions, excess tax benefits or shortfalls on stock compensation awards, audit developments, and legislative changes. See Note 10—Income Taxes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for a discussion of the significant tax differences that impacted our effective tax rate.

Current wording

Our income tax expense consists of the federal and state corporate income taxes accrued on income resulting from the sale of our products and services. Our effective income tax rate may differ from the 21% U.S. federal statutory rate due to a number of factors, including state income taxes, research and development tax credits, non-deductible expenses, increases or decreases in valuation allowances and liabilities for uncertain tax positions, excess tax benefits or shortfalls on stock compensation awards, audit developments, and legislative changes. See

Previous wording

There have been no material changes during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 to the critical accounting estimates disclosed in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Current wording

There have been no material changes during the three months ended March 31, 2026 to the critical accounting estimates disclosed in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.

Previous wording

Card Revenues and Other Fees — Card revenues and other fees totaled $393.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, an increase of $82.7 million, or 27%, from the comparable prior year period. Card revenues and other fees increased primarily due to growth in gross dollar volume in our B2B Services segment programs, which resulted in higher program management service fees earned from our BaaS partners. These increases were partially offset by decreases in certain accountholder fees, such as monthly maintenance fees and ATM fees, as a result of a decline in the number of active accounts in our Consumer Services segment during the current period.

Current wording

Card Revenues and Other Fees — Card revenues and other fees totaled $448.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, an increase of $72.7 million, or 19%, from the comparable prior year period. Card revenues and other fees increased primarily due to growth in gross dollar volume in our B2B Services segment programs, which resulted in higher program management service fees earned from our BaaS partners. These increases were partially offset by decreases in certain accountholder fees, such as monthly maintenance fees and ATM fees, as a result of a decline in the number of active accounts in our Consumer Services segment during the current period. Decreases in accountholder fees were partially offset by an increase in fees generated from our overdraft protection programs due to expanded usage by our accountholders.

Previous wording

Cash Processing Revenues — Cash processing revenues totaled $201.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, an increase of $3.2 million, or 2%, from the comparable prior year period. In our Money Movement Services segment, our tax processing revenues increased from the expansion of our taxpayer advance program and a favorable mix-shift in the distribution channel in which tax refunds were generated, despite a 13% decline in the number of tax refunds processed. The decrease in the number of tax refunds processed is principally attributable to our online tax preparation partners. The increase in tax processing revenues was partially offset by a 7% decline in the number of cash transfers processed during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 from the prior year comparable period. The decline in the number of cash transfers processed was due to a lower number of active accounts within our Consumer Services segment.

Current wording

Cash Processing Revenues — Cash processing revenues totaled $136.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, an increase of $23.0 million, or 20%, from the comparable prior year period. In our Money Movement Services segment, our tax processing revenues increased due to the expansion of our taxpayer advance programs, partially offset by a 7% decline in the number of cash transfers processed from the prior year comparable period. We generated an increase in our tax processing revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2026 despite a 3% decrease in the number of tax refunds processed. The decrease in the number of tax refunds processed was principally attributable to the performance of our online tax preparation partners. The decline in the number of cash transfers processed was primarily due to a lower number of active accounts within our Consumer Services segment and to a lesser extent, a lower number of cash transfers processed for third-party programs.

Previous wording

Interchange Revenues — Interchange revenues totaled $45.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, a decrease of $3.1 million, or 6%, from the comparable prior year period. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in purchase volume of 3% and a decrease in the effective interchange rate earned from the comparable prior year period, which declined due to a mix-shift toward categories of consumer purchases with lower effective rates. In addition, our interchange fees have both fixed and variable components, and as a result, the effective rate we earn may vary based on the size of transactions, among other factors.

Current wording

Interchange Revenues — Interchange revenues totaled $44.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, a decrease of $3.9 million, or 8%, from the comparable prior year period. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in purchase volume of 8% as our effective interchange rate earned from the comparable prior year period remained consistent. Our interchange fees have both fixed and variable components, and as a result, the effective rate we earn may vary based on the size of transactions, among other factors.

Previous wording

Sales and Marketing Expenses — Sales and marketing expenses totaled $48.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, a decrease of $4.4 million, or 8%, from the comparable prior year period. This decrease was driven primarily by a decrease in supply chain materials expenses, which are comprised of debit card plastics and related materials costs, from fewer active accounts, a decrease in revenue-sharing arrangements in our tax processing business and a decrease in our marketing expenses in our Consumer Services business.

Current wording

Sales and Marketing Expenses — Sales and marketing expenses totaled $59.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, a decrease of $0.4 million, or 1%, from the comparable prior year period. This decrease was driven primarily by a decrease in supply chain materials expenses, which are comprised of card packages and personalized debit cards, from fewer active accounts and a decrease in our marketing expenses in our Consumer Services business, partially offset by an increase in revenue-sharing arrangements in our tax processing business.

Previous wording

Compensation and Benefits Expenses — Compensation and benefits expenses totaled $63.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, an increase of $1.6 million, or 3%, from the comparable prior year period. The increase was driven primarily by an increase in accrued bonus compensation expense due to our current financial performance relative to our annual targets, partially offset by a decrease in employee stock-based compensation expense due to forfeitures of awards.

Current wording

Compensation and Benefits Expenses — Compensation and benefits expenses totaled $59.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, a decrease of $6.4 million, or 10%, from the comparable prior year period. The decrease was driven primarily by a decrease in third-party call center support costs associated with certain BaaS account programs within our B2B Services segment, a decrease in salary and wage expenses due to the closure of our China operations announced in September 2025, partially offset by higher employee stock-based compensation expense due to forfeitures of certain awards in the prior year comparable period.

Previous wording

Processing Expenses — Processing expenses totaled $309.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, an increase of $81.1 million, or 36%, from the comparable prior year period. This increase was principally due to growth in gross dollar volume on certain BaaS account programs within our B2B Services segment.

Current wording

Processing Expenses — Processing expenses totaled $374.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, an increase of $89.3 million, or 31%, from the comparable prior year period. This increase was principally due to growth in gross dollar volume on certain BaaS account programs within our B2B Services segment.

Previous wording

Other General and Administrative Expenses — Other general and administrative expenses totaled $86.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, an increase of $16.8 million, or 24%, from the comparable prior year period. This increase was driven primarily by an increase in overall transaction losses attributable to an increase in our dispute loss rates, higher professional services fees associated with our strategic review process and our AML regulatory compliance initiatives, and an increase in software licenses and hosting costs due to investments in our platform and operations.

Current wording

Other General and Administrative Expenses — Other general and administrative expenses totaled $93.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, an increase of $6.5 million, or 7%, from the comparable prior year period. This increase was driven primarily by higher professional services fees associated with our proposed transactions with CommerceOne and Smith Ventures, and our AML regulatory compliance initiatives, and an increase in depreciation and amortization expense and software licenses and hosting costs due to investments in our platform and operations. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in overall transaction losses attributable to a decrease in customer dispute volume across our portfolios and a favorable reduction in our dispute loss rates.

Previous wording

Restructuring and Other Charges — Restructuring and other charges totaled $19.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, and due to our previously announced restructuring plan discussed under "Overview." Additionally, refer to Note 19—Restructuring and Other Chargesin the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for a more detailed discussion of our restructuring and other charges.

Current wording

Restructuring and Other Charges — Restructuring and other charges totaled $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, due to our previously announced restructuring plan discussed under "Overview." Additionally, refer to Note 19—Restructuring and Other Chargesin the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for a more detailed discussion of our restructuring and other charges.

Previous wording

The increase in other expense, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 resulted principally from a $70 million incentive payment made by TailFin in connection with the extension of the Walmart MoneyCard agreement and related agreements in the second quarter of 2025. In addition, during the first quarter of 2025, we determined we would sell certain available-for-sales securities in order to reposition the proceeds into higher yielding assets, which resulted in a realized loss of $24.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. These increases were partially offset by higher income earned from bank-owned life insurance policies.

Current wording

Other income and expense, net totaled $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, a decrease of $25.9 million, from the prior year comparable period. During the first quarter of 2025, we determined we would sell certain available-for-sale securities in order to reposition the proceeds into higher yielding assets, which resulted in a realized loss of $24.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. Additionally, our equity method losses associated with TailFin Labs, LLC ("TailFin") decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2026 from the comparable prior year period due to lower operating expenses incurred.

Previous wording

Our income tax benefit totaled $12.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, representing an increase of $14.4 million from the prior year comparable period, driven primarily by the same factors discussed above under “Comparison of Three-Month Periods Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024—Income Tax Expense and Benefit."

Current wording

Our income tax expense totaled $13.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, representing an increase of $6.0 million from the prior year comparable period, primarily due to an increase in our income before taxes.

Previous wording

The increase in our effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 from the prior year comparable period was due to several factors, including a reduced tax rate benefit due to an increase of $0.8 million in the amount of compensation expense that was subject to the IRC 162(m) limitation on the deductibility of certain executive compensation, a decrease of $1.0 million in general business credits, an increase of $2.6 million in the valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets of our China subsidiary, and a lower tax rate benefit from the cash surrender value in bank-owned life insurance policies. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $0.9 million in state income taxes expense, net of federal benefits, a decrease of $1.2 million in tax expense associated with shortfalls from stock-based compensation, a decrease of $2.3 million related to bank-owned life insurance surrender penalties we incurred in connection with the surrender and restructuring of our existing bank-owned life insurance policies in 2024, and a decrease of $9.7 million in tax expense from nondeductible expenses and penalties associated with the civil money penalty we incurred in 2024 for our Consent Order.

Current wording

The net decrease in our effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2026 from the prior year comparable period was due to several factors, including a decrease of $0.5 million in state income taxes expense, net of federal benefits, a decrease of $1.1 million in tax expense associated with shortfalls from stock-based compensation, an increase of $1.0 million in the tax benefit from the cash surrender value in bank-owned life insurance policies, and a higher tax rate benefit due to an increase of $1.0 million in general business credits. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of $0.9 million in the amount of compensation expense that was subject to the IRC 162(m) limitation on the deductibility of certain executive compensation and an increase in the valuation allowance recorded against our 2026 federal and state research credits. For the three months ended March 31, 2026, we recorded valuation allowances of $1.4 million against our 2026 federal research credits, which is reflected in change in valuation allowance, and $1.1 million against our 2026 state research credits, reflected in state income taxes, net of federal tax benefit in our effective tax rate reconciliation.

Previous wording

The results of operations and key metrics of our B2B Services segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

Current wording

The results of operations and key metrics of our B2B Services segment for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 were as follows:

Previous wording

Segment revenues within our B2B Services for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased $87.8 million, or 32%, and $285.2 million, or 37%, respectively, over the prior year comparable periods, while our segment expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased $86.0 million, or 35%, and $265.6 million, or 38%, respectively.

Current wording

Segment revenues within our B2B Services for the three months ended March 31, 2026 increased $75.6 million, or 22%, over the prior year comparable period, while our segment expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2026 increased $74.0 million, or 24%.

Previous wording

Our gross dollar volume, purchase volume, and number of active accounts increased during the three months ended September 30, 2025 by 22%, 1%, and 13%, respectively, over the prior year comparable period. Our gross dollar volume and purchase volume increased year-over-year by similar levels during the nine months ended September 30, 2025. We have continued to experience organic growth from both new and existing users concentrated in certain BaaS programs that tend to yield higher gross dollar volume per active user but do not generate comparable levels of interchange fees. The growth in gross dollar volume from these BaaS programs resulted in a net increase in segment revenue due to higher program management service fees earned from these BaaS partners.

Current wording

Our gross dollar volume and number of active accounts increased during the three months ended March 31, 2026 by 19% and 7%, respectively, over the comparable prior year period, while purchase volume decreased by 3% year over year. We have continued to experience organic growth from both new and existing users concentrated in certain BaaS programs that tend to yield higher gross dollar volume per active user but do not generate comparable levels of interchange fees. The growth in gross dollar volume from these BaaS programs resulted in a net increase in segment revenue due to higher program management service fees earned from these BaaS partners.

Previous wording

Segment expenses increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 over the prior year comparable periods, principally due to higher processing expenses associated with the growth of certain BaaS account programs. Additionally, segment expenses increased for the three months ended September 30, 2025 over the prior year comparable period from higher transaction losses due to increases in our dispute loss rates and dollar volume and higher third-party call center support costs as a result of increases in gross dollar volume and the number of active accounts. Segment expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was driven by these same factors, however, our transaction losses decreased slightly due to favorable reductions in our dispute loss rates on a full year basis.

Current wording

Segment expenses increased for the three months ended March 31, 2026 over the comparable prior year period, principally due to higher processing expenses associated with the growth of certain BaaS account programs, partially offset by lower third-party call center support costs as a result of decreases in call volume and lower transaction losses due to decreases in our dispute loss rates and incoming volume. As a result of these factors, our segment profit increased for the three months ended March 31, 2026 by approximately 6% over the prior year comparable period. However, this segment also experienced margin compression because certain BaaS partnerships are largely structured based on a fixed profit and therefore, our segment profit for certain arrangements will not scale with revenue growth.

Previous wording

The results of operations and key metrics of our Consumer Services segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

Current wording

The results of operations and key metrics of our Consumer Services segment for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 were as follows:

Previous wording

Segment revenues within Consumer Services for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 decreased $9.7 million, or 10%, and $18.6 million, or 6%, respectively, from the prior year comparable periods, while our segment expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 decreased by $2.0 million, or 3%, and $9.9 million, or 5%, respectively.

Current wording

Segment revenues within Consumer Services for the three months ended March 31, 2026 decreased $8.8 million, or 9%, from the comparable prior year period, while our segment expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2026 decreased by $0.6 million, or 1%.

Previous wording

Our gross dollar volume and purchase volume declined by 9% and 6%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, and both the number of active accounts and direct deposit accounts declined by 9% from the prior year comparable periods, primarily due to each of the factors discussed above in "Overview." These factors include macro-economic factors leading to economic challenges for consumers and other competitive trends that have impacted account acquisition. Our gross dollar volume and purchase volume decreased year-over-year by similar levels during the nine months ended September 30, 2025. As a result of these decreases in each of our key metrics, our monthly maintenance fee revenues, ATM fee revenues and interchange revenues decreased year-over-year. In addition, our interchange rate declined due to a mix-shift toward categories of consumer purchases with lower effective rates for the comparable period, and a lower average spend per transaction.

Current wording

Our gross dollar volume and purchase volume declined by 8% and 11%, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 from the prior year comparable period, and the number of active accounts and direct deposit accounts declined by 16% and 7%, respectively, primarily due to each of the factors discussed above in "Overview." These factors include macro-economic factors leading to economic challenges for consumers and other competitive trends that have impacted account acquisition. As a result of these decreases in each of our key metrics, our monthly maintenance fee revenues, ATM fee revenues and interchange revenues decreased year over year. These decreases in segment revenues were partially offset by fees generated from our overdraft protection programs due to expanded usage by our accountholders.

Previous wording

Segment expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 decreased from the comparable prior year periods primarily due to a decrease in overall transaction losses attributable to lower customer dispute volume across our portfolios and favorable reductions in our dispute loss rates, and lower supply chain material expenses due to fewer active accounts, partially offset by an increase in sales commissions from higher revenues on products subject to tiered revenue-sharing agreements.

Current wording

Segment expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2026 decreased from the comparable prior year period primarily due to a decrease in overall transaction losses attributable to lower customer dispute volume across our portfolios and favorable reductions in our dispute loss rates, lower supply chain material expenses due to fewer active accounts, and a decrease in sales commissions from lower revenues on products subject to tiered revenue-sharing agreements.

Previous wording

Overall, segment profit decreased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 by approximately 19% and 8%, respectively, from the prior year comparable periods.

Current wording

Overall, segment profit decreased for the three months ended March 31, 2026 by approximately 24% from the prior year comparable period.

Previous wording

The results of operations and key metrics of our Money Movement Services segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

Current wording

The results of operations and key metrics of our Money Movement Services segment for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 were as follows:

Previous wording

Segment revenues within our Money Movement services for the three months ended September 30, 2025 decreased $2.0 million, or 6%, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased $2.9 million, or 2%, from the prior year comparable periods. Segment expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 decreased $2.2 million, or 12%, and $7.0 million, or 9%, respectively.

Current wording

Segment revenues within our Money Movement services for the three months ended March 31, 2026 increased $20.5 million, or 19%, from the prior year comparable period. Segment expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2026 increased $8.8 million, or 26%.