eHealth, Inc.
For the period ended Mar 31, 2026. Filed May 7, 2026.
View on SEC.govAbout this filing
A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Mar 31, 2026 · Filed May 7, 2026
What changed in Risk Factors?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2025-09-30; filed 2025-11-06.
0001333493-25-000111
Item 1A. Risk FactorsCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2026-03-31; filed 2026-05-07.
0001333493-26-000027
Item 1A. Risk FactorsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 223 previous paragraphs and 218 current paragraphs.
66 unchanged; 97 reworded; 35 added; 49 removed; 11 previous and 20 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 0 previous and 0 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (35)
Current report
To remain competitive, we need to continue to enhance our online and mobile health insurance shopping experience, maintain access to a broad selection of quality health insurance plans from carriers on our platform and
Current report
Our contractual relationships with health insurance carriers are typically non-exclusive and terminable by either party on short notice for any reason. Carrier terminations or modifications can impact the variety of plans that we can offer on our platform, increase our costs or liabilities and harm our profitability. Health insurance carriers may also reduce our commissions, rely more heavily on their own internal distribution channels, modify benefit designs, significantly increase premiums, limit or prohibit us from selling their plans, or exit certain states or markets. In addition, carriers may amend our agreements for competitive, regulatory, economic or other reasons, including dissatisfaction with the cost or performance of the members that we enroll or concerns about association with our brand.
Current report
Our success depends on our ability to attract qualified prospects to our enrollment platform and provide a relevant and reliable experience in a cost-effective manner that converts those prospects into paying members during key enrollment periods. Many factors impact our conversion rate, including the volume, mix and quality of those qualified prospects, the effectiveness of our benefit advisors and our enrollment platform. Volume and quality of leads that convert may be impacted by competition in the marketplace, the effectiveness of our marketing efforts, our brand strength, the competitiveness, mix, quality and affordability of products and services offered on our platform, changes and mix of consumers referred to us through our direct marketing, marketing partners and strategic partner channels, fluctuations in lead quality, changes in consumer shopping behavior, current market and economic conditions, and changes in laws and regulations. Our conversion rates are also impacted by the quality of our benefit advisors, turnover rates and our ability to timely recruit, license, train, certify and retain qualified benefit advisors, and may also be affected by technology failures, including interruptions in our ecommerce platform or advisor enrollment center operations. In addition, adverse market events or economic conditions, such as changes in inflation or unemployment levels, or political events such as elections, could impact consumer behavior and
Current report
demand for health insurance. Any such constraints could adversely impact our conversion rates and could result in fewer member acquisitions and a reduction in membership, which would harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current report
Our marketing, brand promotion and consumer outreach efforts may be unsuccessful, increasingly costly, or limited by evolving technology, regulatory requirements or partner practices, which could adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current report
Our business also depends on reaching our target consumer audience through direct marketing channels, including direct mail, television, internet search, social media and email, in a cost-effective manner. As our market becomes increasingly competitive, our marketing efforts may not be successful or may be increasingly expensive, and any increase in revenue generated by our direct marketing efforts may not offset the higher marketing expenses we incur. Our consumer traffic also depends on internet search engines and social media platforms. Consumer online search behavior is rapidly evolving due to the accelerating adoption of artificial intelligence (“AI”), including generative search tools, AI-driven recommendation engines and conversational assistants. These technologies are increasingly influencing how consumers discover, evaluate and access information, products and services. As AI platforms generate results based on predictive models rather than traditional keyword search, our ability to reach consumers through established search‑engine optimization, paid search, and other digital marketing channels may be adversely impacted. Increased advertising costs or reduced consumer engagement on these platforms could hinder our ability to reach prospective and existing members. If we are less prominently displayed in search results–whether in algorithmic listings, AI-generated responses and paid advertisements–removed from search listings or otherwise unable to advertise effectively on these platforms, our website traffic could decline, and it may be difficult or costly to replace this traffic, Increased reliance on alternative marketing channels could further increase our marketing expenditures, which would also increase the cost of member acquisition and harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current report
Because the Medicare and individual and family health plan annual enrollment periods, are heavily concentrated in the fourth quarter, our staffing needs are highly seasonal. Consumer engagement, call volumes and plan selection activity typically peak during this period, placing substantial pressure on our advisor enrollment center operations and increasing the risk that we may be unable to scale staffing rapidly enough to meet demand. Our year-round staffing levels may be insufficient to meet this fourth quarter demand, and we may need to recruit and train a significant number of temporary or seasonal benefit advisors within a compressed timeframe. This seasonality also increases the risk that new benefit advisors may be less experienced or less productive, and any delays or shortfalls in licensing, certification, training or onboarding during this period could materially impact our sales and service levels. As part of our strategic initiatives, we have in the past, and may in the future, implement plans designed to reduce our operational exposure to fourth quarter seasonality, including investing in our recruiting and training programs, improving year around utilization of our telesales organization and product diversification.
Current report
These efforts may not be successful, may take longer than expected to implement, and they may not fully offset the operational pressures during key enrollment periods. Even if we successfully recruit qualified benefit advisors and support staff, failure to retain, train and ensure their productivity could result in lower-than-expected plan sales, reduced conversion rates and revenue, higher costs of acquisition per member and higher plan termination rates, any of which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current report
Our typical Medicare enrollment seasonality was recently heightened primarily as a result of the regulatory changes to enrollment rules for dual-eligible beneficiaries and those that receive Medicare Part D Low Income Subsidies (“LIS”). In 2025 CMS removed the special enrollment period that allowed dual-eligible and LIS beneficiaries to enroll in Medicare Advantage plans on a quarterly basis. As a result, we experienced a decline in Medicare plan submissions during the second and third quarters of 2025 compared to the same periods in 2024. In response to this anticipated volume decline, we implemented a more flexible structure in our telesales organization to enable more efficient scaling of advisor capacity.
Current report
Our ability to retain membership depends on various factors, including enrollment experience, the attractiveness of the plans carriers offer, the ability and propensity of members to switch plans, the frequency and timing of switches, both inside and outside of the Medicare annual enrollment period, and brand loyalty. If member retention rates decline, our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.
Current report
Any decrease in the historical member retention period could also adversely impact the forecasted average plan duration utilized in our estimated constrained LTVs we use for revenue recognition, which would adversely impact our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current report
Additionally, if we experience a significant negative trend in estimated constrained LTV assumptions subsequent to recognizing the revenue on approved members, we may need to recognize negative net adjustment revenue in the period those trends impact the LTV along with a corresponding decrease in contract assets – commissions receivable.
Current report
We generate revenue from developing and hosting carrier-dedicated Medicare plan websites and from carrier advertising and sponsorship programs. The success of these programs depends on a number of factors, including carrier advertising services, consumer demand for the advertised product, our ability to attract consumers to our platform and convert them into members, and the overall cost, benefits and brand strength of the advertised
Current report
Our strategic plans also include diversifying our products, services and overall revenue base. These efforts may require investments in developing new or enhanced products and services, integrating new technologies, strengthening carrier and partner relationships, expanding distribution capabilities and increasing member engagement. New or expanded offerings may fail to achieve market acceptance, may take longer than expected to
Current report
develop or deploy, may not function as intended, or may not deliver anticipated revenue, margin or member‑engagement benefits. In addition, these diversification efforts may introduce operational complexity, require specialized capabilities we do not currently possess, or expose us to new or evolving regulatory or compliance requirements. If such initiatives are not executed effectively, they may divert management attention and financial resources from our core business, reduce the profitability of existing offerings or impair our ability to execute other key strategic objectives. As a result, our product and service diversification efforts may fail to expand our addressable market, improve our financial performance or contribute to sustainable growth.
Current report
Each year, CMS issues new proposed and final rules governing Medicare plans, including for Medicare Advantage and related programs, that may materially impact our operations. These regulatory requirements continue to evolve and have increasingly included initiatives designed to modernize CMS, its oversight and the marketplace. Such initiatives may improve the efficiency and competitiveness of government-led exchanges and marketplaces, may impact the effectiveness or viability of marketing partnerships that we use, may increase compliance obligations and a greater risk of related litigation or enforcement actions. If we fail to timely and effectively adapt to these changes in a cost-effective manner or otherwise experience adverse impacts from their implementation, our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.
Current report
State insurance departments generally have broad authority to, among other things:
Current report
Risks Related to Technology, Cybersecurity and Data Privacy
Current report
Our business depends on our ability to maintain and improve functioning information technology systems that support our ecommerce platform and advisor enrollment center operations, particularly during key health care enrollment periods.
Current report
Our ability to service consumers depends on the performance and stability of our ecommerce platform and advisor enrollment center operations, including telephony, call recording, customer relationship management and other systems and technologies, some of which are provided by third parties. These systems have experienced temporary failures in the past and may experience disruptions due to systems upgrades, outages, increased remote work or other events. If we experience operational failure or prolonged interruption of these systems and technology or if we are unable to handle increased volume, our business, operating results and financial condition would be harmed.
Current report
Techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or to sabotage systems evolve rapidly. For example, attackers increasingly use artificial intelligence and machine learning to launch more automated, targeted and coordinated attacks. As a result, we may be unable to anticipate emerging techniques or implement adequate preventative measures in advance. As more companies and individuals work remotely and otherwise conduct business online, the likelihood and potential severity of cybersecurity incidents have increased.
Current report
On December 31, 2025, we entered into a revolving credit agreement with CCP Agency, LLC, as agent and other lenders party thereto (the “Revolving Credit Agreement”). The Revolving Credit Agreement provides for a new asset-based revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) with aggregate commitments of up to $125.0 million. The Revolving Credit Agreement contains certain mandatory prepayment triggers and imposes certain covenants and restrictions on our business and our ability to obtain additional financing.
Current report
The Revolving Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative covenants, including covenants regarding the payment of taxes and other obligations, maintenance of insurance, reporting requirements and compliance with applicable laws and regulations. It also contains customary negative covenants that limit our ability to, among other things: (i) incur additional debt or issue certain preferred stock; (ii) pay dividends, redeem stock, or make other distributions; (iii) make other restricted payments or investments; (iv) grant liens or security interests on assets; (v) transfer or sell assets; (vi) create restrictions on payment of dividends or other amounts; (vii) engage in mergers or consolidations; or (viii) engage in certain transactions with affiliates, in each case, subject to certain carveouts and exceptions.
Current report
H.I.G. Investment Agreement (the “H.I.G. Investment Agreement Amendment”), which amends the H.I.G. Investment Agreement to, among other things, explicitly permit entry into, borrowings under, and refinancing of the Revolving Credit Facility up to the initial $125.0 million in Aggregate Revolving Loan Commitments, as defined in the H.I.G Investment Agreement Amendment, plus in the case of refinancings, certain additional amounts, and add a liquidity covenant substantially similar to the covenant provided for in the Revolving Credit Agreement (the “Liquidity Covenant”), with the sole remedy for breach of the liquidity covenant being a 2.00% increase in the paid-in-kind dividend rate. We have not met the Minimum Asset Coverage Ratio since the September 30, 2023 measurement date and as of November 30, 2024, we were no longer in compliance with the Minimum Liquidity Amount. As of March 31, 2026, H.I.G. continued to own at least 30% of the shares, and we were in compliance with the Liquidity Covenant.
Current report
•changes or discontinuation of coverage by securities analysts, changes in financial estimates by any securities analysts who follow our company or our failure to meet these estimates or the expectations of investors;
Current report
•sales of shares of our common stock by us or our stockholders, or the perception that such sales may occur;
Current report
•announcements by us or our competitors regarding new products or services or other material developments;
Current report
•public reactions to our press releases, other public announcements or our filings with the SEC;
Current report
•rumors, market speculation or third-party commentary or reports involving us or other companies in our industry, whether accurate or inaccurate;
Current report
•litigation, regulatory proceedings or government investigations involving us or others in our industry;
Current report
In connection with the Revolving Credit Agreement, we entered into the H.I.G. Investment Agreement Amendment, which amends the H.I.G. Investment Agreement to, among other things, (i) explicitly permit entry into, borrowings under, and refinancing of the Revolving Credit Facility up to the initial $125.0 million in aggregate revolving loan commitments, plus in the case of refinancings, certain additional amounts, (ii) add a liquidity covenant substantially similar to the covenant provided for in the Revolving Credit Facility, with the sole remedy for breach of the liquidity covenant being a 2.00% increase in the paid-in-kind dividend rate for the Series A Preferred Stock in the event that the Company breaches the liquidity covenant, (iii) establish H.I.G.’s rights with respect to a new strategy committee of the Company’s board of directors, including the right to designate one member and an observer to the committee, and (iv) provide certain additional governance and covenant protections to H.I.G., including with respect to additional debt incurrence and information rights related to the Company’s annual budget. These restrictions could further limit our ability to obtain additional financing or increase our borrowing costs.
Current report
Our bylaws provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the sole and exclusive forum for (1) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (2) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, stockholders, officers or other employees to us or our stockholders, (3) any action arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, our certificate of incorporation or our bylaws or (4) any other action asserting a claim that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine shall be the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if the Court of Chancery does not have jurisdiction, another State court in Delaware or the federal district court for the District of Delaware), except for any claim as to which such court determines that there is an indispensable party not subject to the jurisdiction of such court (and the indispensable party does not consent to the personal jurisdiction of such court within ten days following such determination), which is vested in the exclusive jurisdiction of a court or forum other than such court or for which such court does not have subject matter jurisdiction. This provision would not apply to any action brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder. Unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternate forum, the U.S. federal district courts shall be the sole and exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act.
Current report
We are a “smaller reporting company,” and the scaled disclosure requirements applicable to smaller reporting companies may make our common stock less attractive to investors.
Current report
We are a “smaller reporting company,” or SRC. For so long as we remain an SRC, we are permitted and intend to rely on certain scaled disclosure requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not SRCs. These scaled disclosure requirements include, but are not limited to, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation; and being required to provide two years of audited financial statements in our periodic reports, in contrast to other reporting companies, which must provide audited financial statements for three years.
Current report
We may choose to take advantage of some or all of the available exemptions. We cannot predict whether investors will find our common stock less attractive if we rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock and our stock price may be more volatile.
Removed paragraphs (49)
Previous report
We compete with government-run health insurance exchanges and marketplaces, among others, with respect to our sale of Medicare-related and employer and individual health insurance plans. The federal government operates a website where Medicare beneficiaries can purchase Medicare Advantage and Medicare Part D prescription drug plans or be referred to carriers to purchase Medicare Supplement plans. We also compete with the Original Medicare program. The federal government also operates websites where individuals and small businesses can purchase health insurance, and they also have offline customer support and enrollment capabilities. Our competitors also include local insurance agents across the United States who sell health insurance plans in
Previous report
We have taken and may take additional actions to improve the consumer experience, enhance accuracy of plan recommendations, reduce rapid disenrollment and beneficiary complaints, and improve the quality of our enrollments and conversion rates. Although we have in the past invested, and may from time to time invest, in various areas of our business, including technology and content, customer care and enrollment, and marketing and advertising to improve the quantity and quality of our membership enrollment in advance of enrollment periods, such investment may not result in a significantly improved number of approved and paying members or may not be as cost-effective as we anticipated.
Previous report
In addition, if we are not able to maintain solutions to integrate with government-run health insurance exchanges or if the health insurance exchange websites and other processes are unstable or not consumer friendly, efficient and compatible with the process we have adopted for enrolling individuals and families into qualified health plans through the exchanges, we would not be successful in retaining and acquiring members, and our business, operating results and financial condition would be harmed.
Previous report
Similarly for states that use state-based exchanges instead of the FFM, we may not be able to establish or maintain stable, consumer friendly, efficient or compatible legal arrangements or technical processes to enroll members in qualified health plans through such state-based exchanges, either directly with the governmental entities running such state-based exchanges or through appropriate third parties that allow us to access such state-based exchanges.
Previous report
Our ability to grow and retain our membership depends on various factors, including agent productivity and enrollment experience, the ability of carriers to offer plans that are attractive to members, the ability and propensity of enrollees to change their health plan both inside and outside of the Medicare annual enrollment period, and the source of referrals. If agent productivity, enrollment rates, and member retention rates decline, our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed. Any decrease in the amount of time we retain our members on the health insurance plans that they purchased through us could adversely impact the estimated constrained LTVs we use for purposes of recognizing revenue, which would harm our business, operating results and financial condition. If we experience higher health insurance plan termination rates than we estimated when we recognized commission revenue, we may not collect all of the related commissions receivable, which could result in a reduction in LTV and a write-off of contract assets - commissions receivable, which would harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous report
We spend significant resources on our marketing efforts, which may not be successful or may become more expensive, either of which could adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition. Any decrease in the amount or effectiveness of our marketing efforts could lead to lower revenue or growth and profitability of this business.
Previous report
It is critical to the success of our business that we reach out to consumers in our target audience through direct channels, including direct mail, television, internet search, social media and email. We rely on media platforms that can effectively reach our target audience in a cost-efficient manner, and these media platforms continue to be places where our consumer audience are active and receptive to our message. We anticipate that, as our market becomes increasingly competitive, these media platforms may become increasingly expensive. Our direct channel marketing activities may not be successful or yield increased revenue, and to the extent that these activities yield increased revenue, the increased revenue may not offset the expenses we incur, and our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.
Previous report
We depend upon Internet search engines and social media platforms to attract a significant portion of the consumers who visit our website. If we are unable to effectively advertise on search engines or social media platforms on a cost-effective basis, our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed. We derive a significant portion of our website traffic from consumers who search for health insurance through Internet search engines, such as Google, and through social media platforms, such as Facebook. A critical factor in attracting consumers to our website is whether we are prominently displayed in response to an Internet search relating to health insurance or on a social media platform. Search engines typically provide two types of search results: algorithmic listings and paid advertisements. We rely on both to attract consumers to our websites and otherwise generate demand for our services. If we are listed less prominently in, or removed altogether from, search result listings or if Internet search engines become unavailable, the traffic to our websites would decline and we may not be able to replace this traffic, which would harm our business, operating results and financial condition. The use of alternative marketing channels could cause us to increase our marketing expenditures, which would also increase our cost of member acquisition and harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous report
We depend on our marketing partners for referring potential consumers to our ecommerce platform and advisor enrollment centers. The success of our relationship with a marketing partner is dependent on a number of factors, including but not limited to the continued positive market presence, reputation and growth of the marketing partner, the effectiveness of the marketing partner in marketing our website and services, the compliance of each marketing partner with applicable laws, regulations and guidelines, the contractual terms we negotiate with our marketing partners, including the marketing fees we agree to pay, and our ability to accurately and timely track, pay and manage marketing partners. These marketing partners include financial and online services companies, affiliate organizations, online advertisers and content providers, and other marketing vendors. We also have relationships with strategic marketing partners, including hospitals and pharmacy chains that promote our Medicare platforms to their customers as well as other provider groups, wellness, and other digital and affinity groups. We compensate many of our marketing partners for their referrals on either a submitted health insurance application basis or a per-referral basis or, if they are licensed to sell health insurance, we may share a percentage of the commission we earn from the health insurance carrier for each member referred by the marketing partner. We also have relationships with marketing partners that utilize aspects of our platform and tools. Given our reliance on our marketing partners, our business, operating results and financial condition would be harmed if we are unable to maintain successful relationships with high volume marketing partners as a result of increased competition for referrals or less commercially favorable terms.
Previous report
Our subsidiary in China conducts a portion of our operations, including the maintenance and update of our ecommerce platform. If we are required to move aspects of our operations out of China because of political or geopolitical issues, changes in laws, inquiries from health insurance carriers or for other reasons, we could incur increased expenses, and our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.
Previous report
From time to time, we receive inquiries from health insurance carriers relating to our operations in China and the security measures we have implemented to protect data that our employees in China may be able to access. In recent years, we have implemented additional security and operational measures relating to our operations in China and have brought certain aspects of our operations in China back to the United States. In spite of our efforts, health insurance carriers may still terminate our relationship due to concerns surrounding our China operations, which would harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous report
Even if we are successful in recruiting licensed benefit advisors and support staff, failure to retain, train and ensure the productivity of our benefit advisors and other individuals that operate our advisor enrollment centers could result in lower-than-expected sold plans, conversion rates and revenue, higher costs of acquisition per member and higher plan termination rates, any of which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition. If our benefit advisors do not perform to the standards we expect of them or if we do not generate sufficient call volumes for our benefit advisors to remain productive, our sold plan volume, conversion and retention rates could be negatively impacted, and our business, operating results and financial condition would be harmed. If investments we make in our advisor enrollment center operations do not result in the returns we expected when making those investments, we could acquire fewer members, suffer a reduction in our membership, and our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.
Previous report
Given that our business is seasonal in nature, if we are not successful in recruiting, training and retaining qualified benefit advisors and other workers, our benefit advisors or other workers do not perform to high standards or our investments in our advisor enrollment center operations do not result in expected returns, among other factors discussed in this risk factor, our ability to sell Medicare-related health insurance plans will be impaired during the Medicare annual enrollment period, which would harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous report
Each year, CMS releases new rules relating to Medicare plans, which can have a material effect on our operations, our business, operating results and financial condition. For example, CMS has proposed new rules scheduled to become effective in late 2025 (“CY 2026 Proposed Rules”) which, among other things, would increase the scope and complexity for required reviews and filing of marketing and communications, and require brokers and agents to make additional statements or disclosures on calls that will increase the time required to assist beneficiaries and may limit the ability of eHealth to timely assist all beneficiaries. CMS subsequently announced that it is deferring taking actions on certain marketing provisions but the rule requiring the incorporation of the provider directory data was adopted in the second issuance of the CY 2026 final rules. In addition, CMS may evaluate these deferred provisions for future rule making. These additional requirements, if enacted as currently proposed, may improve the efficiency and competitiveness of government-led exchanges and marketplaces, may impact the viability of partnerships that we use for marketing efforts, may increase the chance of related litigation, and could impede or otherwise harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous report
Our business could be harmed if we are unable to contact our consumers or market the availability of our products through specific channels.
Previous report
We provide information on our website, through our advisor enrollment centers, in our marketing materials and in other ways regarding health insurance in general and the health insurance plans we market and sell, including information relating to insurance premiums, coverage, benefits, provider networks, exclusions, limitations, availability, plan comparisons and insurance company ratings. A significant amount of both automated and manual effort is required to maintain the considerable amount of health insurance plan information on our website. We also use the information provided on our website and otherwise collected by us to publish reports designed to educate consumers, facilitate public debate, and facilitate reform at the state and federal level. If the information we provide on our website, through our advisor enrollment centers, in our marketing materials or otherwise is not accurate or is construed as misleading, or if we do not properly assist individuals and businesses in purchasing health insurance, members, health insurance carriers and others could attempt to hold us liable for damages or require us to take corrective actions. In addition, our relationships with health insurance carriers could be terminated or impaired and regulators could attempt to subject us to penalties, force us to stop using our websites, marketing material or certain aspects of them, revoke our licenses to transact health insurance business in a particular jurisdiction, and/or compromise the status of our licenses to transact health insurance business in other jurisdictions. Any of these occurrences could result in our loss of our commission revenue and harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous report
Our commission revenue could be negatively impacted by changes in conversion rates.
Previous report
The rate at which consumers visiting our ecommerce platforms and advisor enrollment centers seeking to purchase health insurance are converted into approved members directly impacts our revenue. In addition, the rate at which consumers who are approved become paying members impacts the constrained LTV of our approved members, which impacts the revenue that we are able to recognize.
Previous report
A number of factors have influenced, and could in the future influence, these conversion rates for any given period, some of which are outside of our control. These factors include, but are not limited to:
Previous report
•changes in consumer shopping behavior due to circumstances outside of our control, such as economic conditions, recession, inflation, public health crises or illnesses, consumers’ ability or willingness to pay for health insurance, availability of subsidies applicable to the purchase of health insurance, adverse events or perceptions affecting the U.S. or international financial systems, adverse weather conditions or natural disasters, unemployment rates, availability of unemployment benefits or proposed or enacted legislative or regulatory changes impacting our business, including health care reform;
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•the quality of and changes to the consumer experience on our ecommerce platforms and/or with our advisor enrollment centers;
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•regulatory requirements, including those that make the experience on our ecommerce platforms cumbersome or difficult to navigate or reduce the ability of consumers to purchase plans outside of enrollment periods;
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•the variety, competitiveness, quality and affordability of the health insurance plans that we offer;
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•system failures or interruptions in the operation of our ecommerce platform or advisor enrollment center operations;
Previous report
•changes in the mix of consumers who are referred to us through our direct, marketing partner and strategic partner marketing member acquisition channels, including the quality of sales leads;
Previous report
•health insurance carrier guidelines applicable to applications submitted by consumers, the degree to which our technology is integrated with health insurance carriers, the amount of time a carrier takes to make a decision on that application and the percentage of submitted applications approved by health insurance carriers;
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•the effectiveness of our benefit advisors in assisting consumers, including the tenure of the health insurance agent; and
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•our ability to enroll subsidy-eligible individuals in qualified health plans through government-run health insurance exchanges and marketplaces and the efficacy of the process we are required to use to do so.
Previous report
Our conversion rates can be impacted by changes in the mix of consumers referred to us through our member acquisition channels and whether they interact with a more seasoned health insurance agent. We have made and may in the future, make changes to our ecommerce platforms, telephonic operations, marketing material or enrollment process in response to regulatory or health insurance carrier requirements or undertake other initiatives in an attempt to improve consumer experience, increase retention, or for other reasons. These changes have had in the past, and may have in the future, the unintended consequence of adversely impacting our conversion rates. A decline in the percentage of consumers who submit health insurance applications on our ecommerce platforms or telephonically via our advisor enrollment centers and are converted into approved and paying members could cause an increase in our cost of acquiring members on a per member basis and impact our revenue in any given period. To the extent the rate at which we convert consumers visiting our ecommerce platforms or telephonically via our advisor enrollment centers into members suffers, our membership may decline, which would harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous report
The rate at which approved members become paying members is a significant factor in our estimation of constrained LTVs. To the extent we experience a decline in the rate at which approved members turn into our paying members, our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.
Previous report
The forecasted average plan duration is another important factor in our estimation of constrained LTV. When a plan is canceled, or if we otherwise do not remain the agent on the policy, we no longer receive the related commission. Our forecasted average plan duration and health insurance plan termination rate are calculated based on our historical data by plan type. As a result, a reduction in our forecasted average plan duration or an inability to
Previous report
produce accurate forecasted average plan duration could adversely impact our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous report
Commission rates are also a significant factor in our estimation of constrained LTVs. The commission rates we receive are impacted by a variety of factors, including the particular health insurance plans chosen by our members, the carriers offering those plans, our members’ states of residence, the laws and regulations in those jurisdictions, the average premiums of plans purchased through us and health care reform. Our commission revenue per member has in the past decreased, and could in the future decrease, as a result of reductions in contractual commission rates, a change in the mix of carriers whose products we sell during a given period and increased health insurance plan termination rates, all of which are beyond our control and may occur on short notice. To the extent these and other factors cause our commission revenue per member to decline, our revenue may decline, and our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed. Given that Medicare-related and individual and family health insurance purchasing is concentrated during enrollment periods, we may experience a shift in the mix of Medicare-related and individual and family health insurance products selected by our members over a short period of time. Any reduction in our average commission revenue per member caused by such a shift or otherwise could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous report
The determination of constraints is also a factor that requires significant management judgment. Constraints are applied to LTVs for revenue recognition purposes and help ensure that the total estimated lifetime commissions expected to be collected from an approved member’s plan are recognized as revenue only to the extent that is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with future commissions receivable from the plan is subsequently resolved. We determine the constraint for each product by comparing cash collection patterns to our assumptions and analyze the drivers for variations. We then apply judgment in assessing whether the difference between historical cash collections and LTV is representative of differences that can be expected in future periods. We also analyze whether circumstances have changed and consider any known or potential modifications to the inputs into LTV in light of the factors that can impact the amount of cash expected to be collected in future periods including but not limited to commission rates, carrier mix, plan duration, changes in laws and regulations and cancellations of insurance plans offered by health insurance carriers with which we have a relationship. We evaluate the appropriateness of our constraints on an annual basis, and we update our assumptions when we observe a sufficient amount of evidence that would suggest that the long-term expectation underlying the assumptions has changed. If we underestimate the initial constraint applied to LTVs, we might be required to increase the constraint, which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous report
In addition, on a quarterly basis, for all existing cohorts approved in prior periods, we reassess assumptions for our constrained LTV of commissions and compare to the most current constrained LTV recognized on these cohorts, which are defined as approved members grouped by plan type and the effective month of the relevant plan. To the extent there is an indication of a change to expected cash collections for these cohorts, net commission revenue from members approved in prior periods, also referred to as net adjustment revenue, is recorded to adjust revenue previously recognized for the affected cohorts. Net adjustment revenue includes both increases and reductions to revenue; however, adjustments increasing revenue are only recognized when it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. Net adjustment revenue also results in a corresponding increase or decrease in our contract assets — commissions receivable. While we have recognized positive net adjustment revenue in the recent past, there can be no assurance that we will continue to recognize positive net adjustment revenue. If we underestimate the initial constrained LTV of commissions, we might be required to record a negative net adjustment revenue and a corresponding decrease in our contract assets — commissions receivable in a future period, which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous report
On February 28, 2022, we entered into a term loan credit agreement with Blue Torch Finance LLC, as administrative agent and collateral agent, and other lenders party thereto, which was amended on August 16, 2022, November 1, 2024 and October 6, 2025 (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement provides us with $70 million in term loans.
Previous report
If we fail to properly maintain existing or implement new information systems, our business may be materially adversely affected.
Previous report
In particular, our advisor enrollment center operations’ success depends on maintenance of functioning information technology systems. CMS rules require that our health insurance agent employees utilize CMS-approved scripts in connection with the sale of Medicare plans and that we record and maintain the recording of telephonic interactions relating to the sale of Medicare plans. We rely on telephone, call recording, customer relationship management and other systems and technology in our advisor enrollment center operations, and we are dependent upon third parties for some of them, including our telephone and call recording systems. These systems have failed temporarily in the past and may experience additional disruption due to systems upgrades, power outages, an increase in remote work or other events. The effectiveness and stability of our advisor enrollment center systems and technology are critical to our ability to sell health insurance plans, particularly during key times, such as the Medicare enrollment periods, and the failure or interruption of any of these systems and technology or any inability to handle increased volume would harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous report
emerging techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures preemptively. Additionally, our third-party service providers may cause security breaches for which we are responsible.
Showing the first 40 of 49 passages. Open the source sections for the rest.
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Previous wording
Some of our current and potential competitors have longer operating histories, larger customer bases, greater brand recognition and significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we do. As compared to us, our current and future competitors may be able to undertake more extensive marketing campaigns for their brands and services, devote more resources to website and systems development, negotiate more favorable commission rates and commission override payments and make more attractive offers to potential employees, marketing partners and third-party service providers. Competitive pressures from government-run health insurance exchanges and marketplaces, and other competitors may result in our experiencing increased marketing costs, especially during the Medicare annual enrollment period which may harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current wording
The market for selling health insurance plans is characterized by intense competition, and we face challenges associated with evolving distribution models, industry and regulatory standards, consumer price sensitivity, AI automation and search aggregation, and macro-economic conditions. We compete with government-run Medicare and ACA exchanges and marketplaces, direct-to-consumer channels, national telesales brokers, online and telephonic lead generators and local insurance agents. Although we work with many health insurance carriers to market and sell insurance plans on their behalf, many of them also compete with us by directly marketing and selling their plans to consumers through call centers, internet advertising and their own websites. These competitors increasingly invest in digital tools, call center capacity and marketing. Some of our current and potential competitors may also have longer operating histories, larger customer bases, greater brand recognition and significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we do. As compared to us, our current and future competitors may be able to undertake more extensive marketing campaigns for their brands and services, devote more resources to website and systems development, negotiate more favorable commission rates and commission override payments and make more attractive offers to potential employees, marketing partners and third-party service providers.
Previous wording
The market for selling health insurance plans is characterized by intense competition, and we face challenges associated with evolving distribution models, industry and regulatory standards, consumer price sensitivity and macro-economic conditions. To remain competitive against our current and future competitors, we need to continue to enhance the online and mobile health insurance shopping experience and functionalities of our website and advisor enrollment operations that our current and future consumers may use to purchase health insurance products from us. We also need to work with the health insurance carriers to be able to offer a variety of quality health insurance plans on our platform from which our consumers may choose. We will also need to market our services effectively and drive a substantial number of consumers interested in purchasing health insurance to our website and advisor enrollment centers during the relevant enrollment periods in a cost-effective manner.
Current wording
attract consumers interested in purchasing health insurance to our website and advisor enrollment centers during the relevant enrollment periods in a cost-effective manner. Competitive pressures from government-run health insurance exchanges and marketplaces, and other competitors may increase our marketing and customer-acquisition costs, reduce traffic and conversions and harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous wording
The success of our business depends upon our ability to enter into new and maintain existing relationships with health insurance carriers on favorable economic terms. Our platform offers a broad choice of insurance products provided by over 180 health insurance carriers nationwide, including approximately 50 Medicare health insurance carriers. In the ordinary course of business, the set of insurance carriers represented on our platform fluctuates, with carriers regularly being added or removed based on various factors such as consumer preferences, market conditions, carrier performance and distribution strategies, and the costs of supporting certain carriers. Any impairment of our relationship with, or the material impairment of, these insurance carriers or our inability to enter into new relationships with other health insurance carriers could adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition. We and our carrier partners continuously reassess our partnerships and business objectives, and carriers that are removed from our platform may be added back in the future.
Current wording
The success of our business depends upon our ability to enter into and maintain relationships with health insurance carriers on favorable economic terms. Our platform offers a broad selection of insurance products from over 180 health insurance carriers nationwide, including approximately 50 Medicare carriers. In the ordinary course of business, the carriers represented on our platform naturally fluctuate, as we and our carrier partners reassess distribution strategies and business objectives in response to consumer preferences, market conditions, carrier performance and the cost of supporting particular carriers. Carriers that are removed from our platform may also be added back in the future.
Previous wording
Our contractual relationships with health insurance carriers are typically non-exclusive and terminable on short notice by either party for any reason. We may decide to modify or terminate our relationship with health insurance carriers for a number of reasons, which can impact the variety of plans that we can offer on our platform. In many cases, health insurance carriers may also amend the terms of our agreements unilaterally on short notice. Health insurance carriers may decide to reduce our commissions, rely on their own internal distribution channels to sell their own plans, change benefit offerings or increase premiums to a significant degree, which could result in the loss of beneficiaries for which we are the broker of record, or determine not to sell their plans or otherwise limit or prohibit us from selling their plans, including by exiting certain states or markets. Carriers may also amend our agreements with them for a variety of reasons, including for competitive or regulatory reasons, dissatisfaction with the economics of the members that we place with them or because they do not want to be associated with our brand. In particular, the laws and regulations applicable to the business of selling Medicare-related plans are complex and frequently change. If we or our benefit advisors violate any of the requirements imposed by the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (“CMS”), or applicable federal or state laws or regulations, health insurance carriers may terminate their relationship with us or require us to take corrective action if our Medicare product sales or marketing give rise to too many complaints.
Current wording
The laws and regulations applicable to the sale of Medicare-related plans are complex and frequently change. If we or our benefit advisors violate any of the requirements imposed by the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (“CMS”) or applicable federal or state laws or regulations, health insurance carriers may terminate their relationship with us or require corrective actions, particularly if our Medicare product sales or marketing give rise to a high volume of complaints.
Previous wording
The termination of our relationship with a health insurance carrier, the reduction of commission rates, the amendment of or change in our relationship with a carrier, and the change in benefit offerings, increase in premiums or exit of certain states or markets by a carrier have in the past reduced, and may in the future reduce, the variety, quality and affordability of health insurance plans we offer, cause a loss of commissions, including commissions for past and/or future sales, cause a reduction in the estimated constrained lifetime value (“LTV”) of commissions we use for revenue recognition purposes, result in a loss of existing and potential members, adversely impact our profitability or have other adverse impacts. Any of these could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current wording
The termination or modification of our carrier relationships, reductions in commission rates, changes in benefit offerings or premiums or carrier exits from certain states or markets have in the past reduced, and may in the future reduce, the variety, quality or affordability of health insurance plans we offer, lower our commissions, including commissions for past and/or future sales, cause a reduction in the estimated constrained lifetime value (“LTV”) of commissions used for revenue recognition purposes, result in a loss of existing or potential members, adversely impact our profitability or otherwise adversely impact our business. Any of these events could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous wording
If we are unable to successfully attract and convert qualified prospects into members for whom we receive commissions, our business, operating results and financial condition would be harmed.
Current wording
If we are unable to successfully attract and convert qualified prospects into members for whom we receive commissions or fees, our business, operating results and financial condition would be harmed.
Previous wording
We derive our revenues primarily from commissions paid to us by health insurance carriers for Medicare-related health insurance and individual and family health insurance plans that have been purchased by members through our services. Our business success depends in large part on our ability to attract qualified prospects into our enrollment platform and provide a relevant and reliable experience in a cost-effective manner to convert such prospects into paying members for whom we receive commissions. We employ different marketing channels and may from time to time adjust our member acquisition strategy to attract visitors to our website and communicate with consumers who contact our advisor enrollment centers. If our ability to market and sell Medicare-related health insurance and individual and family health insurance is constrained during the Medicare or individual and family health insurance enrollment periods for any reason, such as technology failures, interruptions in the operation of our ecommerce or telephony platforms, reduced allocation of resources, delayed, reduced, or ineffective delivery of our marketing efforts, or any inability to timely employ, license, train, certify and retain our benefit advisors to sell health insurance, we could acquire fewer members, suffer a reduction in our membership, and our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed. Our business may also be adversely affected by changes in the mix of products and services that we offer on our platform, changes in the mix of consumers who are referred to us through our direct marketing, marketing partners and strategic partner marketing member acquisition channels, including the quality of sales leads, and by seasonal influences. In addition, adverse market events or economic conditions, such as changes in inflation or unemployment levels, or political events such as elections, could impact consumer behavior and demand for health insurance. If more consumers decide to delay enrollment or decrease or discontinue coverage under plans sold through us, our business, operating results and financial condition would be adversely affected.
Current wording
We use a variety of marketing channels and may from time to time adjust our member acquisition strategy to attract visitors to our website and engage consumers who contact our advisor enrollment centers. Any decrease in the amount or effectiveness of our marketing efforts could lower our revenue, growth and the profitability of our business and harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous wording
We have recently refreshed our brand identity and expect to continue to invest in maintaining our brand identity. We believe our brand identity will strengthen our relationships with existing, and help attract, new members, marketing partners and health insurance carriers. Some of our current and potential competitors have greater brand recognition and significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we do, and they may try to replicate our efforts, competitively bid against our branded search terms to redirect traffic seeking our brand, or undertake more extensive marketing campaigns for their brands and services. Our brand promotion activities may not be successful in maintaining or attracting new members, marketing partners or health insurance carriers, and as a result, may not yield increased revenue. To the extent that these activities yield increased revenue, the increased revenue may not offset the expenses we incur, which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current wording
We invest significant resources in brand promotion, including a recent refresh of our brand identity. These efforts may not be successful or may become more expensive over time. Some of our current and potential competitors may have greater brand recognition and significantly greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we do, and they may replicate our strategies, bid against our branded search terms to redirect consumer traffic, or undertake more extensive marketing campaigns. Our brand promotion activities may not be successful in attracting or retaining members, marketing partners or health insurance carriers, and as a result, may not yield increased revenue. Even if these activities do yield increased revenue, such revenue may not offset the associated expenses we incur, which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous wording
As discussed elsewhere in this Risk Factors section, the marketing and sale of Medicare plans are subject to numerous laws, regulations and guidelines at the federal and state level. Recent changes to the CMS marketing guidelines have resulted in a more complicated and time-consuming process for marketing material filing and the need to file a significantly greater number of our and our marketing partners’ marketing materials with CMS. If our marketing partners’ marketing materials do not comply with the CMS marketing guidelines or other Medicare program related laws, rules and regulations, such non-compliance could result in our losing the ability to receive referrals of individuals interested in purchasing Medicare-related plans from that marketing material or being delayed in doing so. If CMS or a health insurance carrier requires changes to, disapproves or delays approval of these materials, we could lose a significant source of Medicare plan demand, and the operations of our Medicare business could be adversely affected. If we lose marketing partner referrals during the Medicare or individual and family health insurance enrollment periods, the adverse impact on our business would be significant.
Current wording
We also rely on marketing partners, including financial and online services companies, affiliate organizations, online advertisers and content providers, and other marketing vendors, for referring consumers to our ecommerce platform and advisor enrollment centers. We also have relationships with strategic marketing partners, including hospitals, pharmacy chains, provider groups, wellness organizations, and other digital and affinity groups, as well as with marketing partners that utilize aspects of our platform and tools. The success of these relationships depends on a number of factors, including partner reputation, partnership growth, the effectiveness of their marketing efforts, commercial terms, including the marketing fees we agree to pay, and our ability to accurately and timely track, pay and manage marketing partner performance. In addition, as discussed elsewhere in this Risk Factors section, the marketing and sale of Medicare plans are subject to numerous laws, regulations and guidelines at the federal and state level. If our marketing partners’ marketing materials do not comply with the CMS marketing guidelines or other Medicare program-related laws, rules and regulations, such non-compliance could cause a delay in, or prevent us from, receiving referrals of individuals interested in purchasing Medicare-related plans from that marketing material. If CMS or a health insurance carrier requires changes to, disapproves or delays approval of these materials, we could lose a significant source of Medicare plan demand, and the operations of our Medicare business could be adversely affected. Given our reliance on our marketing partners, our business, operating results
Previous wording
We use email, telephone and SMS text, among other channels, to market our services to potential members and as the primary means of communicating with our existing members, and some of these communications may be subject to the TCPA and other telemarketing laws, including state laws, that restrict our ability to market using the telephone or SMS text in certain respects. The laws and regulations governing the use of email, telephone calls and SMS text for marketing purposes continue to evolve, and changes in technology, the marketplace or consumer preferences may lead to the adoption of additional laws or regulations or changes in interpretation of existing laws or regulations. If new laws or regulations are adopted, or existing laws and regulations are interpreted or enforced, to impose additional restrictions on our ability to send email, telephone calls or SMS text messages to our members or potential members, we may not be able to communicate with them in a cost-effective manner. While we have policies in place to comply with the TCPA and other telemarketing laws, we have been in the past, and may in the future become, subject to claims that we have violated the TCPA. If we were found to have violated the TCPA, our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed. The TCPA and other laws and regulations relating to telemarketing are also subject to periodic updates and changes in enforcement and litigation risks.
Current wording
We communicate with members and prospective members through email, telephone calls, SMS text messages and other channels, some of which may be subject to federal and state laws, such as the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (the “TCPA”) and the CAN-SPAM Act, intended to protect consumers from unwanted telemarketing calls and messages. While we maintain policies and procedures designed to comply with the TCPA and other telemarketing laws, we have been in the past, and may in the future become, subject to claims alleging violations of these laws. Any finding that we violated the TCPA could result in significant liability, and our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed. The TCPA and other telemarketing laws and regulations continue to evolve, and changes in technology, market practices or consumer preferences may lead to the adoption of additional laws or regulations or changes in regulatory interpretation or enforcement of existing requirements, which could increase enforcement and litigation risks, or further limit our ability to communicate with members or potential members in a cost-effective and timely manner.
Previous wording
In addition to legal restrictions on the use of email, Internet service providers, email service providers and others attempt to block the transmission of unsolicited email, commonly known as “spam.” Many Internet and email service providers have relationships with organizations whose purpose is to detect and notify the Internet and email service providers of entities that the organization believes are sending unsolicited email. If an Internet or email service provider identifies email from us as “spam” as a result of reports from these organizations or otherwise, we can be placed on a restricted list that will block our email to members or potential members. Similarly, telephone carriers may block or put consumer warnings on calls or SMS text messages originating from call centers. Consumers increasingly screen their incoming emails, telephone calls and SMS text messages, including by using screening tools and warnings; therefore, our members or potential members may not reliably receive our messages, whether or not such messages constitute marketing. If we are unable to communicate effectively by email, telephone or SMS text with our members and potential members as a result of legislation, legal or regulatory actions, blockage, screening technologies or otherwise, our business, operating results and financial condition would be harmed.
Current wording
In addition, internet and email service providers may block unsolicited email, commonly known as “spam,” and may place senders on restricted lists, which could block our email from reaching members or potential members. Similarly, telephone carriers may block or put consumer warnings on calls or SMS text messages. Consumers also increasingly screen their incoming emails, telephone calls and SMS text messages, including by using screening technologies; therefore, our members or potential members may not reliably receive our messages, regardless of whether such messages constitute marketing. If we are unable to communicate effectively by email, telephone or SMS text with our members and potential members as a result of legal or regulatory restrictions, telephone carrier blockage, screening technologies or otherwise, our business, operating results and financial condition would be harmed.
Previous wording
Our business success depends on our ability to timely recruit, train and retain qualified licensed insurance agents, or benefit advisors, and other personnel to provide superior customer service and support our strategic initiatives while also controlling our labor costs.
Current wording
Our business success depends on our ability to timely recruit, train and retain qualified licensed insurance agents, or benefit advisors, and other personnel to provide superior customer service and support our strategic initiatives while also managing our labor costs.
Previous wording
Our omnichannel consumer engagement platform enables consumers to discover, compare and purchase a health insurance plan using our proprietary online search engine as well as receive assistance of a licensed insurance agent, or benefit advisor, by telephone, online chat or through a hybrid online assisted interaction such as co-browsing. Our advisor enrollment center operations are critical to our success and dependent on our ability to recruit, train and effectively manage our licensed benefit advisors and other personnel who support the operation of our advisor enrollment centers. To sell Medicare-related health insurance products, our benefit advisors must be licensed by the states in which they are selling plans and certified and appointed with the health insurance carrier that offers the plans in each applicable state. We depend upon our staff, state departments of insurance,
Current wording
Our omnichannel consumer engagement platform enables consumers to discover, compare and purchase health insurance plans through our proprietary online tools as well as with the assistance of licensed insurance agents, or benefit advisors, via telephone, online chat or hybrid online assisted interactions such as co-browsing. Our advisor enrollment center operations are critical to our success and dependent on our ability to recruit, train and effectively manage our licensed benefit advisors and other personnel who support the operation of our advisor enrollment centers.
Previous wording
government exchanges and health insurance carriers for the licensing, certification and appointment of our benefit advisors. We may experience difficulties recruiting and retaining a sufficient number of benefit advisors and support staff during the year and especially for the Medicare annual enrollment period.
Current wording
To sell Medicare-related plans, benefit advisors must be licensed by the states in which they sell plans and certified and appointed with the health insurance carrier that offers the plans in each applicable state. We rely on our staff, state departments of insurance, government exchanges and health insurance carriers for the licensing, certification and appointment of our benefit advisors. We may experience difficulties recruiting and retaining a sufficient number of benefit advisors and support staff during the year and especially for the Medicare annual enrollment period when the volume of consumer interactions and plan shopping activity increases significantly.
Previous wording
Due to the timing of Medicare and individual and family health plan annual enrollment periods, which may be subject to change from time to time, our financial results fluctuate and are not comparable from quarter to quarter. The Medicare annual enrollment period occurs from October 15 to December 7 each year, the individual and family health insurance open enrollment period typically occurs from November 1 through December or January 15 each year for most states, and the Medicare Advantage open enrollment period, during which Medicare-eligible individuals enrolled in a Medicare Advantage plan can switch to the Original Medicare program or switch to a different Medicare Advantage plan, runs from January 1 through March 31 of each year. As a result, we have
Current wording
Due to the timing of Medicare and individual and family health plan annual enrollment periods, which may change from time to time, our financial results fluctuate and are not comparable from quarter to quarter. The Medicare annual enrollment period occurs from October 15 to December 7 each year, the individual and family health insurance open enrollment period typically occurs from November 1 through December or January 15 each year for most states, and the Medicare Advantage open enrollment period, during which Medicare-eligible individuals enrolled in a Medicare Advantage plan can switch to the Original Medicare program or to a different Medicare Advantage plan, runs from January 1 through March 31 of each year.
Previous wording
traditionally experienced an increase in the number of submitted Medicare-related applications and approved members during the fourth quarter and, to a lesser extent, in the first quarter, and an increase in Medicare plan-related expense, including marketing and advertising expenses, during the third and fourth quarters in connection with the open enrollment periods. However, because commissions from approved consumers are paid to us over time, our operating results, and in particular, our operating cash flows, could be adversely impacted by a substantial increase in marketing and advertising expense.
Current wording
As a result, we have historically experienced an increase in the number of submitted Medicare-related applications and approved members during the fourth quarter and, to a lesser extent, during the first quarter. We also typically experience an increase in Medicare-related expenses, including marketing and advertising expenses, during the third and fourth quarters in connection with the open enrollment periods. However, because commissions from approved members are paid to us over time, our operating results, and in particular, our operating cash flows, may be adversely impacted by a substantial increase in marketing and advertising expense.
Previous wording
Changes in timing of the Medicare or individual and family health plan enrollment periods, adoption of new or special enrollment periods, changes in eligibility and subsidies applicable to the purchase of health insurance, and changes in the laws and regulations that govern the sale of health insurance may occur from time to time, and we may not be able to timely adjust to changes in the seasonality of our business, which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current wording
We may experience similar or additional changes in the timing of the Medicare or individual and family health plan enrollment periods, the adoption of new or special enrollment periods, changes in eligibility rules and subsidies for health insurance, or changes in the laws and regulations governing the sale of health insurance. Such changes may be more difficult or costly to address, and we may not be able to timely adjust to these changes in seasonality, which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous wording
We receive commissions from health insurance carriers for health insurance plans sold through us. When one of these plans is canceled, or if we otherwise do not remain the agent on the plan, we no longer receive the related commission. Health insurance carriers may choose to discontinue their health insurance plans for a variety of reasons, and when members update their health insurance plan, they may also select a different plan that is not sold through us, or we are otherwise no longer the agent on the plan. Consumers may also purchase individual and family and Medicare-related health insurance plans directly from other sources, such as our competitors, and we would not remain the agent on the policy and receive the related commission.
Current wording
When a member cancels a plan, or we otherwise cease being the broker of record on that plan, we no longer receive the related commission. Health insurance carriers may discontinue certain plans for various reasons, and when members change their coverage, they may select plans not offered through us or choose plans for which we are not the broker of record. Consumers may also purchase Medicare-related or individual and family health insurance plans directly from other sources, such as our competitors, in which case we would not remain the broker of record and would lose the related commission.
Previous wording
Our operating results will be impacted by factors that impact our estimate of the constrained LTV of commissions per approved member.
Current wording
Our business, operating results and financial condition may be impacted by factors that impact our estimated constrained LTV of commissions per approved member.
Previous wording
Our commission revenue, which is primarily comprised of commissions from health insurance carriers for plans approved during the reporting period and includes both fixed and variable amounts, is computed using the latest estimated constrained LTV of commissions that we expect to receive. Constrained LTV of commissions are estimates and are based on a number of assumptions, which include, but are not limited to, estimates of the conversion rates of approved members into paying members, forecasted average plan duration and forecasted commissions we expect to receive per approved member’s plan. These assumptions are based on historical trends and require significant judgment by our management in interpreting those trends and in applying the constraints. Changes in our historical trends will result in changes to our constrained LTV estimates in future periods and therefore could adversely affect our revenue and financial results in those future periods. As a result, negative changes in the factors upon which we estimate constrained LTVs, such as reduced conversion of approved members to paying members, a decline in the forecasted average plan duration or a reduction in the commission amounts we expect to receive for selling the plan to a member or other changes, could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current wording
We account for commission revenue in accordance with ASC 606, which is based on the expected value approach using the estimated constrained LTV of commission payments we expect to receive over the life of an approved policy for which we are the broker of record. LTVs are based on several assumptions that require significant judgment, which include, but are not limited to, estimating the conversion rate of an approved member to a paying member, forecasting average plan duration and forecasting the commission amounts likely to be received per member. These assumptions are based on our analysis of historical trends for the different cohorts and incorporate management’s judgment in interpreting those trends and then applying the constraints. Constraints are determined through an analysis of actual cash collection patterns against our existing assumptions to determine whether any drivers for variations can be expected in future periods. We also analyze whether any changes in circumstances, including, but not limited to, plan offering changes, plan duration, commission rates, changes in laws and regulations and changes in the economic environment, have occurred and consider any known or potential modifications that could impact our estimated inputs to LTV. As a result, negative changes in the factors upon which we estimate constrained LTVs, such as reduced conversion of approved members to paying members, a decline in the forecasted average plan duration, a reduction in the commission amounts we expect to receive for selling the plan to a member, underestimating the initial constraint applied to LTVs or other changes, could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous wording
We derive a significant portion of our revenue from a small number of health insurance carriers. Any impairment of our relationships with them or impairment of their businesses could adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current wording
We derive a significant portion of our revenue from a small number of health insurance carriers. Our business may be harmed by any impairment of our relationships with them or impairment of their businesses.
Previous wording
Our revenue has been concentrated in a small number of health insurance carriers and we expect that a small number of health insurance carriers will continue to account for a significant portion of our revenue for the foreseeable future. For example, Humana, UnitedHealthcare and Aetna collectively accounted for a majority of our total revenue in the first three quarters of 2025 and in 2024, and in the past, our revenue from certain of our top carriers have declined and we have ceased to do business with certain carriers. As discussed elsewhere in this Risk Factors section, our contractual relationships with health insurance carriers are typically non-exclusive and terminable on short notice by either party for any reason. Such carrier changes occur regularly as both we and our carrier partners continuously reassess partnerships and business objectives, and carriers that are removed from our platform may be added back in the future. However, given the concentration of our Medicare plan sales in a small number of carriers, if we lose a relationship with a significant health insurance carrier to market their Medicare plans or if the health insurance carrier loses its Medicare product membership or their ability to conduct business is otherwise impaired, especially if any of our existing contract assets are impacted as a result of this, our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.
Current wording
As discussed elsewhere in this Risk Factors section, our contractual relationships with health insurance carriers are typically non-exclusive and terminable by either party on short notice for any reason. Changes in carrier relationships occur regularly as both we and our carrier partners continuously reassess partnerships and business objectives, and carriers that are removed from our platform may be added back in the future. However, given the concentration of our Medicare plan sales in a small number of carriers, the loss of a significant carrier relationship, a health insurance carrier’s loss of Medicare product membership or any impairment of a carrier’s ability to conduct business could adversely impact our business, operating results and financial condition. These impacts may be exacerbated if any of our existing contract assets are impacted as a result.
Previous wording
We develop, host and maintain carrier-dedicated Medicare plan websites and may undertake other marketing and advertising initiatives or perform other services through our Medicare plan advertising program. We also allow health insurance carriers to purchase advertising space for non-Medicare products on our website through our sponsorship program. The success of our sponsorship and advertising program depends on a number of factors, including the amount that health insurance carriers are willing to pay for advertising services, the effectiveness of the sponsorship and advertising program as a cost-effective method for carriers to obtain additional members, consumer demand for the health insurance carrier’s product, our ability to attract consumers to our ecommerce platform or our advisor enrollment centers and convert those consumers into members, and the cost, benefit and brand recognition of the health insurance plan that is the subject of the advertising, among others. To the extent that economic conditions, health care reform or other factors impact the amount health insurance carriers are willing to pay for advertising, our advertising and sponsorship program will be adversely impacted. In addition, increased carrier focus on the quality of enrollments and reduction in member complaints could adversely impact our ability to successfully negotiate and operate our sponsorship and advertising programs. Moreover, in light of the regulations applicable to the marketing and sale of Medicare plans, and given that these regulations are often complex, change frequently and are subject to changing interpretations or enforcement actions, we may in the future not be permitted to sell Medicare plan-related advertising services. If we are not successful in these areas or these factors are unfavorable to us, our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed. In addition, since we maintain relationships with a limited number of health insurance carriers to sell their Medicare plans, our Medicare plan-related advertising revenue is concentrated in a small number of health insurance carriers, and our ability to generate Medicare plan-related advertising revenue would be harmed by the termination or non-renewal of any of these relationships as well as by a reduction in the amount a health insurance carrier is willing to pay for these services.
Current wording
plans. Economic conditions, health care reform and increased carrier focus on enrollment quality and reduction in member complaints could adversely impact carrier spending or limit our ability to negotiate or operate our sponsorship and advertising programs on favorable terms.
Previous wording
In order to offer the qualified health plans that individuals and families must purchase to receive Affordable Care Act subsidies, we must meet certain conditions, such as receiving permission to do so from the applicable government health insurance exchange, entering into or maintaining an agreement with the health insurance exchange or a partner of the exchange, ensuring that the enrollment and subsidy application is completed through the health insurance exchange and complying with privacy, security and other standards. If Internet-based agents and brokers such as us use the Internet for completion of qualified health plan selection purposes, their websites may be required to meet certain additional requirements. To help manage additional expenses and regulatory burdens associated with enrolling individuals and families into qualified health plans, we rely on a third-party vendor to help comply with certain aspects of the relevant requirements, and our qualified plan enrollments are made predominantly through the Federally Facilitated Marketplace (“FFM”), which currently runs all or part of the health insurance exchange in most states.
Current wording
In order to offer the qualified health plans (“QHPs”) through which individuals and families may receive Affordable Care Act subsidies, we must meet certain conditions, such as obtaining permission from the applicable government health insurance exchange, entering into or maintaining required agreements, ensuring that enrollment and subsidy applications are completed through the exchange and complying with relevant privacy, security and other standards. Internet-based agents and brokers such as us may also be required to meet certain additional website requirements. To help manage the operational, regulatory and cost burdens associated with QHP enrollments, we currently rely on a third-party vendor, and our QHP enrollments are made predominantly through the Federally Facilitated Marketplace (“FFM”), which currently operates all or part of the health insurance exchange in most states. The remaining states operate their own state-based exchanges (“SBEs”).
Previous wording
We may experience difficulty in satisfying the conditions and requirements to offer qualified health plans to our existing members and new potential members and in getting them enrolled through the FFM or any similar state-based exchange. The FFM may at any time cease allowing us or our third-party vendor to enroll individuals in qualified health plans or change the requirements for doing so. Also, relevant government regulations or agencies may prevent us from efficiently working with our third-party vendor, including timely receiving and using data from our third-party vendor. In addition, we may be unsuccessful in maintaining a relationship with our third-party vendor that is approved to use the process, and we may not be able to enroll individuals into qualified health plans through the FFM or could be required to use an inferior process to do so. The number of states using the FFM may also decrease in the future, reducing our ability to enroll members through the FFM.
Current wording
We may experience difficulty in satisfying the conditions and requirements necessary to offer QHPs to existing and prospective members and to enroll them through the FFM or any SBEs. The FFM or SBEs may at any time cease allowing us or our third-party vendor to enroll individuals in QHPs or change the applicable requirements. Government agencies or regulations may also prevent or limit our ability to work efficiently with our third-party vendor approved to support the enrollment process. As a result, we may not be able to enroll individuals into QHPs through the FFM or SBEs, or may be required to use a less efficient process. The number of states using the FFM may also decrease over time, reducing our ability to enroll members through the FFM.
Previous wording
If we are not able to satisfy the conditions and requirements for offering qualified health plans and enrolling members through the FFM or similar state-based exchanges, or if we are not able to successfully adopt and maintain solutions in a timely, efficient and cost-effective manner to respond to changing circumstances to allow us to continue to effectively enroll large numbers of members through the FFM and state-based exchanges, we could lose existing members and fail to attract new members and may incur additional expense, which would harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current wording
If we are not able to satisfy the requirements for offering QHPs and enrolling members through the FFM or SBEs, or if we are not able to successfully adopt and maintain solutions in a timely, efficient and cost-effective manner to respond to changing regulatory, technical or operational conditions, or if the exchange websites and processes are unstable, not consumer friendly, inefficient or incompatible with our enrollment process, we could lose existing members, fail to attract new members or incur additional expense, any of which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous wording
Our future performance depends in large part upon our ability to execute our operational and strategic plans. Our success depends in large part on our ability to diversify our revenue and scale our business. We have in the past made, and may in the future, make significant investments in marketing and advertising, technology and content, customer care and enrollment. Our growth strategy also involves continued investment to expand our brand awareness across all products and channels and investment in improving our member retention efforts and conversion rates while continuing to invest in our telesales organization. We may also enter into strategic transactions or partnerships aligned with our business and growth objectives.
Current wording
Our performance depends upon our ability to execute our operational and strategic plans. Our success depends on our ability to diversify our revenue and scale our business. We have made and may continue to make significant investments in marketing and advertising, technology and content, customer care and enrollment and member retention. Our growth strategy also involves continued investment to expand brand awareness across all products and channels and to improve member retention and conversion rates and the effectiveness of our telesales organization. We may also enter into strategic transactions or partnerships aligned with our business and growth objectives.
Previous wording
In addition, we implemented a number of transformation initiatives and programs throughout 2022 and 2023 aimed at increasing the effectiveness of our sales and marketing organizations and rationalizing our cost structure and we may initiate more such plans from time to time in the future. While these initiatives were and are expected to be intended to improve our operations, we may not successfully realize the expected benefits of any such restructuring plans or initiatives that we may undertake, due to a number of factors, including, among others, higher than anticipated costs in implementing such restructuring plans, management distraction from ongoing business activities, damage to our reputation and brand image, including negative publicity, workforce attrition beyond planned reductions and risks and uncertainties described elsewhere in this Risk Factors section. Even if we do implement and administer these plans and initiatives in the manner contemplated, our estimated cost savings resulting from them are based on several assumptions that may prove to be inaccurate and, as a result, we cannot assure you that we will realize these cost savings.
Current wording
We have in the past, and may in the future, initiate restructuring plans to implement cost savings initiatives or programs including, among other things, reductions in workforce and other fixed and variable expenses. For example, in January 2026, we implemented a reduction in force in which we eliminated approximately 14% of our workforce and targeted reductions in vendor spend. These actions and other additional measures we might take to reduce costs could strain our workforce, yield attrition beyond our intended reduction in force, reduce employee morale, cause us to delay, limit, reduce or eliminate certain development plans or otherwise impair our ability to operate and grow our business effectively, each of which could have an adverse impact on our business, operating results and financial condition. We may not complete the current or any cost reduction plan and reorganization on the anticipated timetable, and even if successfully completed, we may not achieve the anticipated cost savings, operating efficiencies or other benefits of such activities due to a number of factors, including, among others, higher than anticipated costs in implementing such restructuring plans, management distraction from ongoing business activities, damage to our reputation and brand image, including negative publicity, workforce attrition beyond planned reductions and risks and uncertainties described elsewhere in this Risk Factors section. Even if we do implement and administer these plans and initiatives in the manner contemplated, our estimated cost savings resulting from them are based on several assumptions that may prove to be inaccurate and, as a result, we may fail to realize these cost savings.
Previous wording
Pursuing and investing in these initiatives may increase our expenses and our organizational complexity, divert management’s attention from other business concerns and also involve risks and uncertainties described elsewhere in this Risk Factors section, including the failure of our initiatives to achieve our revenue diversification, member retention, growth or profitability targets, inadequate conversion and telesales organization improvements, failure to evolve our brand, our inability to strengthen and expand our health insurance carrier partnerships, our inadequate return of capital on our investments, legal and regulatory compliance risks, potential changes in laws and regulations and other issues that could cause us to fail to realize the anticipated benefits of our investments and incur unanticipated liabilities. If we are not successful in executing on our operational and strategic plans or if we do not realize the expected benefits of our investments, our business, operating results and financial condition would be harmed.
Current wording
The execution of our operational and strategic plans may increase our expenses and our organizational complexity, divert management’s attention from other business concerns and involve other risks and uncertainties described in this Risk Factors section, including the failure of our initiatives to achieve our revenue diversification, member retention, growth or profitability targets, inadequate conversion and telesales organization improvements, failure to evolve our brand, our inability to strengthen and expand our health insurance carrier partnerships, our inadequate return of capital on our investments, legal and regulatory compliance risks and potential changes in laws and regulations. If we do not successfully execute on our operational and strategic plans or if we do not realize the expected benefits of our investments or cost savings measures, our business, operating results and financial condition would be harmed.
Previous wording
Our success is dependent upon the performance of our senior management and other key employees, as well as our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel for all areas of our organization. Replacing senior management and key employees may be difficult and may take an extended period of time because of the limited number of individuals in our industry with the breadth of skills and experience required to successfully execute our business objectives. We may not be successful in attracting and retaining personnel on a timely basis, on competitive terms or at all. Our executive officers and other employees can terminate their employment at any time, and the loss of these individuals could harm our business, especially if we are not successful in developing adequate succession plans.
Current wording
Our success depends on the performance of our senior management and other key employees, as well as our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel across our organization. Replacing senior management and key employees may be difficult and time-consuming due to the limited number of individuals in our industry with the breadth of skills and experience required to successfully execute our business objectives. We may not be successful in attracting or retaining personnel in a timely manner, on competitive terms, or at all. Because our senior officers and other employees may terminate their employment at any time, the loss of these individuals could harm our business, operating results and financial condition, especially if we are not successful in developing adequate succession plans.
Previous wording
In recent years, we have appointed several new executive officers and other senior leaders across multiple functions, and we may experience additional changes in the future. For example, in 2024 and 2025, we appointed a new chief executive officer, a new chief financial officer and a new chief revenue officer. The departure of our current or new executive officers or other members of our senior management or other key employees could result in additional employee attrition, loss of institutional knowledge and other business disruptions, any of which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current wording
In recent years, we have appointed several new executive officers and other senior leaders across multiple functions, and we may experience additional changes in the future. For example, in 2024 and 2025, we appointed a new chief executive officer, a new chief financial officer and a new chief revenue officer. The departure of current or new executive officers, other members of our senior management or other key employees could lead to increased employee attrition, loss of institutional knowledge and other operational disruptions, any of which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous wording
We also depend on a relatively small number of employees for certain key roles, and the loss of such key employees could harm our business. For example, we are required to appoint a single designated writing agent with each insurance carrier. A small number of our employees act as writing agents and each employee that acts as a writing agent does so for a number of carriers. When an employee who acts as a writing agent terminates their employment with us, we need to replace the writing agent with another employee who has health insurance licenses. Due to our national reach and the large number of carriers whose plans are purchased by our members, the process of changing writing agents has in the past taken, and could take in the future, a significant period of time to complete. If the transition is not successful, our ability to sell health insurance plans may be interrupted, our agency relationship with particular insurance carriers may be terminated, our commission payments could be discontinued or delayed and, as a result, our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.
Current wording
We also depend on a relatively small number of employees for certain key roles. For example, we are required to appoint a single designated writing agent for each insurance carrier. A small number of our employees act as writing agents, and each writing agent is responsible for multiple carriers. When a writing agent leaves the company, we need to replace them with another employee who has the necessary health insurance licenses. Due to our national reach and the large number of carriers whose plans are purchased by our members, the process of transitioning writing agents has in the past taken, and may take in the future, a significant period of time. If the transition is not successful, our ability to sell health insurance plans may be interrupted, our agency relationship with particular insurance carriers may be terminated, our commission payments could be discontinued or delayed and, as a result, our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.
Previous wording
Our operations in China involve many risks that could increase expenses, expose us to increased liability and adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current wording
Our operations in China involve risks that could increase expenses and expose us to increased liability.
Previous wording
Our operations in China also expose us to different laws, rules and regulations, including different intellectual property laws, which are not as protective of our intellectual property as the laws in the United States. We are also subject to certain laws, rules and regulations in China and the United States, including those related to anti-bribery and anti-corruption, privacy, data transfer, data security, labor, tax, foreign exchange controls and cash repatriation. In recent years, both China the United States have adopted and proposed laws regulating these areas and may impose additional regulations that may impact aspects of our business activities in China. For example, the U.S. government has recently expanded restrictions on providing certain “covered persons” and “countries of concern” with access to broadly defined categories of U.S. sensitive personal data and U.S. government-related data, which took effect on April 8, 2025. We have brought certain aspects of our operations in China back to the United States to comply with these restrictions but the U.S. government may impose further restrictions in the future, which may further impact our business activities in China. The United States and Chinese trade laws may also impose additional restrictions on the importation of programming or technology to or from the United States. For example, we rely on third-party vendors to communicate with our subsidiary in China. Our business would be harmed if our ability to communicate via these vendors with these employees failed. Such laws, regulations and standards are complex, ambiguous and subject to change or interpretation, which create uncertainty regarding compliance and enforcement. Compliance with these laws and regulations could cause us to incur substantial costs or require us to change our business operations in China. Violation of applicable laws and regulations could adversely affect our brand, affect our relationship with our health insurance carriers, and could result in regulatory enforcement actions and the imposition of civil or criminal penalties and fines, any of which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current wording
Our subsidiary in China supports certain operational functions, including the maintenance and updates of our ecommerce platform. As a result, we are subject to different and evolving laws, rules and regulations, including intellectual property, privacy, data transfer, data security, anti-bribery and anti-corruption, labor, tax, and foreign exchange rules in both China and the United States. For example, U.S. restrictions on providing certain “covered persons” and “countries of concern” with access to broadly defined categories of U.S. sensitive personal data and U.S. government-related data took effect on April 8, 2025. We have relocated certain China-based functions back to the United States to comply with these restrictions, but additional restrictions could further impact our business activities in China. U.S. and Chinese trade laws may also impose additional restrictions on the transfer of programming or technology. Any significant disruptions involving third-party communications that we use with our employees in China could also impair our operations. These laws, regulations and standards are complex, ambiguous and subject to change or interpretation, creating uncertainty and increasing enforcement risks and compliance costs. Violation of applicable laws and regulations could damage our brand and our relationship with our health insurance carriers and could result in regulatory enforcement actions or the imposition of civil or criminal penalties and fines. If health insurance carriers with which we partner develop concerns about our China operations, they could limit or terminate their relationships with us, despite additional security and operational measures and we have taken.
Previous wording
Our business may be adversely impacted by changes in China’s economic or political condition, the relationship between China and the United States or other countries, and our ability to continue to conduct our current operations in China. Any such changes may be caused by geopolitical issues, natural disasters, armed conflict or other events or circumstances. For example, there is great uncertainty regarding restrictions on trade with China under the current administration. Any material deterioration in U.S.-China relations could require us to bring additional aspects of our operations in China back to the United States or force us to close our operations in China, which could be time-consuming, expensive and disruptive, and our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.
Current wording
Our business may also be adversely impacted by changes in China’s economic or political environment, the relationship between China and the United States or other countries, or other events or circumstances such as geopolitical issues, natural disasters or armed conflict. Any material deterioration in U.S.-China relations could require us to relocate additional aspects of our operations in China or close our operations in China entirely, which could be time-consuming, expensive, disruptive and harmful to our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous wording
To help control our overall long-term costs associated with employee health benefits, we began maintaining a substantial portion of our U.S. employee health insurance benefits on a self-insured basis effective January 1, 2023. To limit our exposure, we have third-party stop-loss insurance coverage which sets a limit on our liability for both individual and aggregate claim costs. We record a liability for our estimated cost of U.S. claims incurred but unpaid as of each balance sheet date. Our estimated liability is based on assumptions we believe to be reasonable under the current circumstances and will be adjusted as warranted based on changing circumstances. It is possible, however, that our actual liabilities may exceed our estimates of losses. We may also experience an unexpectedly large number of claims that result in costs or liabilities in excess of our projections, which could cause us to record additional expenses. Our self-insurance reserves could prove to be inadequate, resulting in liabilities in excess of our available insurance and self-insurance. If a successful claim is made against us and is not covered by our insurance or exceeds our policy limits, our business may be negatively and materially impacted. These fluctuations could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current wording
To help control our long-term employee health benefit costs, we began self-insuring a substantial portion of our U.S. employee health insurance benefits in 2023. To limit our exposure, we have third-party stop-loss insurance coverage which sets a limit on our liability for claim costs. We record a liability for our estimated cost of U.S. claims incurred but not yet paid as of each balance sheet date. Our estimated liability is based on assumptions we believe to be reasonable under the current circumstances and is adjusted as circumstances change. It is possible, however, that our actual liabilities exceed our estimates of losses. We may also experience an unexpectedly large number of claims that result in costs or liabilities in excess of our projections, which could cause us to record additional expenses. Our self-insurance reserves could prove to be inadequate, resulting in liabilities in excess of our available insurance and self-insurance. If a successful claim is made against us and is not covered by our insurance or exceeds our policy limits, our business may be negatively and materially impacted. Our exposure to these unexpected costs and losses could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous wording
Changes and developments in the health insurance industry or system, including changes in laws and regulations, could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current wording
Changes and developments in the health care industry or system, including changes in laws and regulations, could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous wording
The success of our business depends upon the private sector of the U.S. health insurance system, including the Medicare program, which is subject to a changing regulatory environment at both the federal and state level. Changes and developments in the health insurance system and Medicare program in the United States could reduce demand for our services and harm our business. Ongoing health care reform efforts and measures may expand the role of government-sponsored coverage, including proposals for single payer or so called “Medicare-for-All” or other proposals that may have the effect of reducing or eliminating the market for our current range of health insurance products. This could have far-reaching implications for the health insurance industry if enacted. Some proposals would seek to eliminate the private marketplace while others would expand a government-sponsored option to a larger population or otherwise increase government oversight or competition in the sector or reduce the fees or commissions payable to brokers under the Medicare program. Alternatively, other proposals may increase the role of the private sector in health care but be implemented in ways that reduce eHealth’s role in helping consumers select and enroll in insurance plans. We are unable to predict the full impact of health care reform initiatives or other regulatory changes on our operations in light of the uncertainty of whether initiatives will be successful and the uncertainty regarding the terms and timing of any provisions enacted and the impact of any of those provisions on various healthcare and insurance industry participants. In the event that laws, regulations or rules that eliminate or reduce private sources of health insurance or Medicare are adopted, or otherwise act to reduce eHealth’s role in connecting consumers with insurance plans, the demand for our products could be adversely impacted, and our business, operating results and financial condition would be harmed.
Current wording
The success of our business depends upon the private sector of the U.S. health insurance system, including the Medicare program, which is subject to a continuously evolving regulatory environment at both the federal and state levels. Changes and developments in the U.S. health insurance system or Medicare program could reduce demand for our services and harm our business. Ongoing health care reform efforts may expand the role of government-sponsored coverage, including proposals for single payer or so called “Medicare-for-All” or other proposals that could reduce or eliminate the market for the health insurance products we currently offer. Some proposals would seek to eliminate the private marketplace while others would expand government-sponsored options, increase government oversight or competition, or reduce the fees or commissions payable to brokers under the Medicare program. Other proposals could increase the role of the private sector in health care but may be implemented in ways that reduce our role in helping consumers select and enroll in insurance plans.
Previous wording
In recent years, the Medicare sector underwent a number of changes, including a gradual shift towards market consolidation and rationalization, with greater focuses on enrollment quality, profitability and longer-term member relationships. These changes were prompted in part by regulatory changes, higher cost of care and other industry developments such as STAR’s methodology changes. For example, certain new CMS rules that were scheduled to become effective October 2024 (“CY 2025 Final Rules”) were set to reduce agent and broker payment amounts and regulate contractual terms with Medicare Advantage and Medicare Part D prescription drug plans and dual eligible special needs plans enrollments. While the court partially reversed the CY 2025 Final Rules in response to third-party lawsuits, CMS may again in the future directly or indirectly implement rules designed to reduce agent and broker compensation, which may impact our operations and our business. Each year, CMS publishes reimbursement rates for the Medicare Advantage program, and even if such rates are deemed more favorable, there remains significant uncertainty as to whether such rates would be sufficient for carriers to cover margins or maintain their plan strategies to avoid further disruptions in their benefit offerings, premiums and geographic business goals and coverage.
Current wording
In recent years, the Medicare sector has also experienced industry-driven changes, including a gradual shift towards market consolidation and rationalization, a heightened focus on enrollment quality and profitability, and a greater emphasis on longer-term member relationships. These trends were prompted in part by regulatory changes, rising health care costs and other industry developments such as Medicare STAR rating methodology changes. Each year, CMS publishes reimbursement rates for the Medicare Advantage program, and even if such rates are deemed more favorable, there remains significant uncertainty as to whether such rates would be sufficient for carriers to cover margins or maintain their plan strategies without further disruptions in their benefit offerings, premiums, geographic coverage or business goals.
Previous wording
result in, uncertainty with respect to legislation, regulation, implementation and/or repeal of laws and rules related to government health programs, including Medicare, Medicaid and the Affordable Care Act. For example, President Trump has issued various executive orders reversing several Biden administration healthcare policies, and additional executive orders may be forthcoming. President Trump and other policymakers could consider legislative proposals impacting Medicaid, Medicare, the Affordable Care Act and other entitlement programs, such as reducing, eliminating or allowing to expire certain subsidies, and we expect there will be continued proposals targeting reimbursement methodologies and the number of individuals eligible for government healthcare programs. In addition, initiatives launched by the Department of Government Efficiency (“DOGE”) continue to identify opportunities for improving efficiency and reducing waste, fraud and abuse of government resources. While we cannot predict the full impacts of these initiatives, changes are being made to CMS spending, which could potentially impact beneficiary experience and could ultimately affect our financial condition and results of operation.
Current wording
We expect the Medicare market to remain fluid for the foreseeable future. Changes in the U.S. political environment, including the policies and priorities of the Trump administration and closely divided control of Congress have resulted in significant changes and may continue to create uncertainty with respect to legislation, regulation, implementation and potential repeal of laws and rules related to government health programs, including Medicare, Medicaid and the Affordable Care Act. For example, President Trump has issued various executive orders reversing several Biden administration health care policies, and additional executive orders may be forthcoming. Congress has also passed the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) in July 2025, which makes considerable changes to federal Medicaid financing. President Trump and other policymakers may consider additional legislative and regulatory proposals impacting Medicaid, Medicare, the Affordable Care Act and other entitlement programs, such as reducing, eliminating or allowing certain subsidies to expire. We also expect continued proposals targeting reimbursement methodologies and individual eligibility criteria for government health care programs. In addition, initiatives launched by the Trump administration and legislative bodies continue to focus on improving efficiency and reducing waste, fraud and abuse of government resources. While we cannot predict the full impact of these initiatives, changes to CMS spending or program administration could impact beneficiary experiences and could ultimately adversely impact our business, operating results and financial condition.
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Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
and financial condition would be harmed if we are unable to maintain successful relationships with high volume partners. If we lose marketing partner referrals during the Medicare or individual and family health insurance enrollment periods, the adverse impact on our business would be significant.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Our revenue has been concentrated in a small number of health insurance carriers and we expect that a small number of health insurance carriers will continue to account for a significant portion of our revenue for the foreseeable future. For example, Humana, UnitedHealthcare and Aetna collectively accounted for a majority of our total revenue in 2025 and in 2024, and in the past, our revenue from certain of our top carriers have declined and we have ceased to do business with certain carriers.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Because the marketing and sale of Medicare plans are subject to often complex and frequently changing regulations, regulatory interpretations and enforcement actions, our ability to offer Medicare plan-related advertising services could become restricted. In addition, since we maintain relationships with a limited number of health insurance carriers to sell their Medicare plans, our Medicare plan-related advertising revenue is concentrated in a small number of carriers. The termination or non-renewal of any of these relationships, or any reduction in the amount a health insurance carrier is willing to pay for these services, could harm our ability to generate Medicare plan-related advertising revenue, and our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
We cannot predict the full impact of health care reform initiatives or other regulatory changes on our operations due to uncertainty around if, when and how any proposals may be enacted or implemented. If laws, regulations or rules are adopted to eliminate or reduce private sources of health insurance or Medicare plans are adopted, or otherwise reduce our role in connecting consumers with insurance plans, demand for our services could be adversely impacted, and our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
The U.S. healthcare industry is highly regulated and subject to numerous, complex, and frequently changing laws, regulations and guidelines both at the federal and state levels. Compliance with these evolving requirements may involve significant costs, delays our ability to go to market with new marketing and product
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Health insurance carriers are increasingly evaluating broker performance based on enrollment quality, including complaint rates, retention, consumer satisfaction and volumes. As a result, health insurance carriers may terminate their relationship with us or require us to take corrective actions if our Medicare product sales, marketing and operations are not in compliance with legal requirements or give rise to excessive complaints. The termination of or change in our relationships with health insurance carriers could reduce the products we are able to offer, result in reduced commissions for past or future sales and otherwise harm our business, operating results and financial condition. Changes to the laws, regulations and guidelines, or enforcement practices relating to the sale of health insurance plans or related products and services could impact the manner in which we conduct our business, our ecommerce platforms or our sale of Medicare plans and other products, or restrict certain aspects of our revenue-generating activities, any of which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
We have received, and may in the future receive, inquiries from CMS or state departments of insurance regarding our marketing and business practices and compliance with laws and regulations. Government inquiries and proceedings could adversely impact our licenses, require payment of fines, require us to modify our practices, result in litigation and otherwise harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
compete with carriers or other agents and brokers on the price of the health insurance plans offered on our website. Changes in, or enforcement of, or compliance with, these regulations could impact consumers’ demand for our services or cause health insurance carriers to lower our commission rates, which could reduce our revenue. Our business, operating results and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected if we are unable to adapt to regulatory changes.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
applicable insurance laws, regulations or guidelines, or other laws and regulations relevant to our business, could result in significant liability, additional department of insurance licensing requirements, required modification of our advertising or business practices, changes to our technology or platforms, suspension or revocation of our licenses to sell health insurance, termination of carrier relationships, loss of commissions and/or our inability to sell health insurance plans. Any such consequences could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Moreover, an adverse regulatory action in one jurisdiction could result in penalties and negatively affect our license status, business or reputation in other jurisdictions, due to the requirement that adverse regulatory actions in one jurisdiction be reported to other jurisdictions. Even if allegations in any regulatory or other action are ultimately found to be false, any surrounding negative publicity could undermine confidence among consumers, marketing partners or health insurance carriers and significantly damage our brand. In addition, as we expand our product offerings, we may become subject to additional laws and regulations.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
additional network capacity will be available from these vendors as we need it, and our network or our suppliers’ networks might be unable to achieve or maintain a sufficiently high capacity of data transmission. Any significant interruption in access to our advisor enrollment centers or our website could impair our business, damage our reputation and our relationships with insurance carriers, marketing partners and existing and potential consumers. Our business operations may also be disrupted if our employees are unable to work from home effectively as a result of technical difficulties experienced by these service providers. Many of these service providers have experienced significant outages, delays and other difficulties in the past and could experience them in the future.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Compliance with state and federal privacy-related laws, particularly state legislation such as the California Consumer Privacy Act and its amendments, and increasingly robust industry standard security frameworks may result in cost increases due to increased needs for privacy compliance, oversight and monitoring, and the
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
effectively protecting our intellectual property rights, trade secrets and confidential information, our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
In addition to member cancellation information, various circumstances, such as changes in timing of enrollment periods, the ability of enrollees to change plans outside of the Medicare annual enrollment period, referral sources, member enrollment experience and other factors specific to our business, could cause the
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
assumptions and estimates that we make in connection with estimating our membership to be inaccurate, which could negatively affect our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
controls. Over time, controls may become inadequate due to changes in our operations or deterioration in compliance with policies or procedures. As a result, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
We cannot assure that significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting will not be identified in the future. Any failure to maintain or implement required new or improved controls, or any difficulties we encounter in their implementation, could result in significant deficiencies or material weaknesses, impact our ability to timely meet our periodic reporting obligations or result in material misstatements in our financial statements. Any such failure could also adversely affect management’s periodic evaluations and annual auditor attestation reports regarding disclosure controls and the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting required under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules promulgated thereunder. The existence of a material weakness could result in errors in our financial statements that may require a restatement of financial statements, delay our reporting obligations and undermine investor confidence in our reported financial information, which could lead to a decline in our stock price and expose us to potential litigation.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Levels of write-down or impairment are impacted by our assessment of the intent to sell securities that have declined in value as well as actual losses as a result of defaults or deterioration in estimates of cash flows. If we reposition or realign portions of the investment portfolio and sell securities in an unrealized loss position, we will incur an other-than-temporary impairment charge or realized losses. Any such charge may have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Factors that could cause fluctuations in the trading price of our common stock include, among other things:
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
The preferential rights held by H.I.G. may result in interests that differ from those of our common stockholders. Furthermore, a sale of our company, as a change of control event, may require us to repurchase Series A Preferred Stock, which could have the effect of making an acquisition of our company more expensive and could deter transactions that might otherwise benefit our stockholders.
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Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
their communities, companies that advertise primarily through television, and companies that operate call centers or websites that provide quote information or the opportunity to purchase health insurance telephonically or online, including lead aggregator services. Although we work with many health insurance carriers on marketing and selling their insurance plans on their behalf, many of them also compete with us by directly marketing and selling their plans to consumers through call centers, Internet advertising and their own websites. In recent years, we have also seen increased competition from national telesales insurance brokers.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Our marketing efforts may not be successful or may become more expensive, either of which could adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
We expect the Medicare market to remain fluid for the foreseeable future. The election of President Trump and Republican control of both houses of Congress has resulted in significant changes in, and may continue to
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
fines, require us to modify marketing and business practices, result in litigation and otherwise harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
We do not receive information about membership cancellations from our health insurance carriers directly, which makes it difficult for us to determine the impact of current conditions on our membership retention and to accurately estimate membership as of a specific date.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
the Credit Agreement were terminated, additional debt we could incur in the future may subject us to similar or additional covenants, which could place restrictions on the operation of our business. Similarly, our investment or financing arrangement with any future investors may subject us to similar or additional covenants.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
revenue and operating results differed from our guidance and the expectations of investors or securities analysts, the price of our common stock was impacted.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
securities class action lawsuits have often been instituted against affected companies. We have been, and may in the future be, subject to such legal actions.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Political events, political instability, trade and other international disputes, geopolitical tensions, conflict, natural disasters, public health issues and other extreme events can have a material adverse effect on the Company and its customers, consumers and other channel partners.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Customer and consumer demand for our health insurance plan offerings may be impacted by adverse macroeconomic conditions, including slow growth or recession, high unemployment, inflation, market volatility or other negative economic factors. Weak economic condition can adversely impact consumer confidence and spending and materially adversely affect demand for our products and services. In addition, consumer confidence and spending can be materially adversely affected in response to changes in fiscal and monetary policy, financial market volatility, declines in income or asset values, and other economic factors.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Changing our business practices in accordance with new or changed restrictions and challenges could be expensive, time-consuming and disruptive to the Company’s operations, and the Company may not be able to effectively mitigate all adverse impacts from such events.