MAXLINEAR INC

Previous wording

Our customers include electronics distributors, module makers, OEMs and ODMs, which incorporate our products in a wide range of electronic devices. Examples of such devices include radio transceivers and modems for 4G/5G base-station and backhaul infrastructure; optical transceivers targeting hyperscale data centers; Wi-Fi and wireline routers for home networking; broadband modems compliant with DOCSIS, PON, and DSL; as well as power management and interface products used in these and many other markets.

Current wording

Our customers primarily include electronics distributors, module makers, OEMs and ODMs, which incorporate our products in a wide range of electronic devices. Examples of such devices include radio transceivers and modems for 4G/5G base-station and backhaul infrastructure; optical transceivers targeting hyperscale data centers; Wi-Fi and wireline routers for home networking; broadband modems compliant with DOCSIS, PON, and DSL; as well as power management and interface products used in these and many other markets. In addition, we generate revenue from certain intellectual property sale agreements.

Previous wording

In the year ended December 31, 2023, net revenue was $693.3 million, which was derived in part from sales of RF receivers and RF receiver SoC and connectivity solutions into broadband operator voice and data modems and gateways and connectivity adapters, global analog and digital RF receiver products, radio and modem solutions into wireless carrier access and backhaul infrastructure platforms, high-speed optical interconnect solutions sold into optical modules for data-center, metro and long-haul networks, and high-performance interface and power management solutions into a broad range of communications, industrial, automotive and multi-market applications. Our ability to achieve revenue growth in the future will depend, among other factors, on our ability to further penetrate existing markets; our ability to expand our target addressable markets by developing new and innovative products; changes in government trade policies; and our ability to obtain design wins with device manufacturers, in particular manufacturers of data modems, and gateways for the broadband service provider, storage networking market, cable infrastructure market, industrial and automotive markets, and optical module and telecommunications infrastructure markets.

Current wording

In the year ended December 31, 2024, net revenue was $360.5 million, which was derived in part from sales of RF receivers and RF receiver SoC and connectivity solutions into broadband operator voice and data modems and gateways and connectivity adapters, global analog and digital RF receiver products, radio and modem solutions into wireless carrier access and backhaul infrastructure platforms, high-speed optical interconnect solutions sold into optical modules for data-center, metro and long-haul networks, and high-performance interface and power management solutions into a broad range of communications, industrial, automotive and multi-market applications, and from revenue from intellectual property sale agreements. We have experienced slower than expected recovery in sales across all of our end markets. This is primarily driven by excess inventory in the channels as well as slower demand in regions such as China. Geopolitical tensions and changing trade policies continue to influence the semiconductor industry. We continue to develop and innovate with new products for new solutions in advanced semiconductor process nodes such as 16nm and 5nm and beyond, while addressing opportunities capturing and processing high quality broadband communications and high-speed optical interconnect signals.

Previous wording

Products shipped to Asia accounted for 75%, 82% and 83% of net revenue during the years ended 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, including 37%, 43% and 40%, respectively, from products shipped to Hong Kong and 11%, 16% and 12%, respectively, from products shipped to mainland China and 13% from products shipped to Vietnam in 2021. Although a large percentage of our products is shipped to Asia, we believe that a significant number of the systems designed by these customers and incorporating our semiconductor products are then sold outside Asia. For example, revenue generated from sales of our products during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 related principally to sales to Asian ODMs and contract manufacturers delivering products into European and North American markets. To date, all of our sales have been denominated in United States dollars.

Current wording

Products shipped to Asia accounted for 75%, 75% and 82% of net revenue during the years ended 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, including 41%, 37% and 43%, respectively, from products shipped to Hong Kong and less than 10%, 11% and 16%, respectively, from products shipped to mainland China. Although a large percentage of our products is shipped to Asia, we believe that a significant number of the systems designed by these customers and incorporating our semiconductor products are then sold outside Asia. For example, revenue generated from sales of our products during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 related principally to sales to Asian ODMs and contract manufacturers delivering products into European and North American markets. To date, all of our sales have been denominated in United States dollars.

Previous wording

A significant portion of our net revenue has historically been generated by a limited number of customers. Sales to customers comprise both direct sales to customers and indirect sales through distributors. In the year ended December 31, 2023, one customer accounted for 10% of our net revenue, and our ten largest customers collectively accounted for 54% of our net revenue, of which distributor customers accounted for 16% of our net revenue. In the year ended December 31, 2022, two of our customers accounted for 31% of our net revenue, and our ten largest customers collectively accounted for 65% of our net revenue, of which distributor customers comprised 18% of our net revenue. In the year ended December 31, 2021, two of our direct customers accounted for 26% of our net revenue, and our ten largest customers collectively accounted for 69% of our net revenue, of which distributor customers comprised 27% of our net revenue. For certain customers, we sell multiple products into disparate end user applications such as cable modems and broadband gateways.

Current wording

A significant portion of our net revenue has historically been generated by a limited number of customers through sales of our products, as well as consideration under intellectual property sale agreements. Sales of products to customers comprise both direct sales to customers and indirect sales through distributors. In the year ended December 31, 2024, one customer accounted for 12% of our net revenue, and our ten largest customers collectively accounted for 60% of our net revenue, of which distributor customers accounted for 30% of our net revenue. In the year ended December 31, 2023, one of our customers accounted for 10% of our net revenue, and our ten largest customers collectively accounted for 54% of our net revenue, of which distributor customers comprised 18% of our net revenue. In the year ended December 31, 2022, two of our direct customers accounted for 31% of our net revenue, and our ten largest customers collectively accounted for 65% of our net revenue, of which distributor customers comprised 27% of our net revenue. For certain customers, we sell multiple products into disparate end user applications such as PON ODUs, Wi-Fi routers, broadband gateways and cable modems.

Previous wording

Our business depends on winning competitive bid selection processes, known as design wins, to develop integrated circuits for use in our customers’ products. These selection processes are typically lengthy, and as a result, our sales cycles will vary based on the specific market served, whether the design win is with an existing or a new customer and whether our product being designed in our customer’s device is a first generation or subsequent generation product. Our customers’ products can be complex and, if our engagement results in a design win, can require significant time to define, design and result in volume production. Because the sales cycle for our products is long, we can incur significant design and development expenditures in circumstances where we do not ultimately recognize any revenue. We do not have any long-term purchase commitments with any of our customers, all of whom purchase our products on a purchase order basis. Once one of our products is incorporated into a customer’s design, however, we believe that our product is likely to remain a component of the customer’s product for its life cycle because of the time and expense associated with redesigning the product or substituting an alternative chip. Product life cycles in our target markets will vary by application. For example, in the broadband data modem and gateway sectors, a design-in can have a product life cycle of 24 to 60 months. In the industrial and wired and wireless infrastructure markets, a design-in can have a product life cycle of 24 to 84 months and beyond.

Current wording

Our business depends on winning competitive bid selection processes, known as design wins, to develop integrated circuits for use in our customers’ products. These selection processes are typically lengthy, and as a result, our sales cycles will vary based on the specific market served, whether the design win is with an existing or a new customer and whether our product being designed in our customer’s device is a first generation or subsequent generation product. Our customers’ products can be complex and, if our engagement results in a design win, can require significant time to move into volume production. Because the sales cycle for our products is long, we can incur significant design and development expenditures in circumstances where we do not ultimately recognize any revenue. We do not have any long-term purchase commitments with any of our customers, all of whom purchase our products on a purchase order basis. Once one of our products is incorporated into a customer’s design, however, we believe that our product is likely to remain a component of the customer’s product for its life cycle because of the time and expense associated with redesigning the product or substituting an alternative chip. Product life cycles in our target markets will vary by application. For example, in the broadband data modem and gateway sectors, a design can have a product life cycle of 24 to 60 months. In the industrial and wired and wireless infrastructure markets, a design can have a product life cycle of 24 to 84 months and beyond.

Previous wording

The second amended and restated commitment letter dated October 24, 2022 with Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., or Wells Fargo Bank, and other lenders, and related financing commitments for the previously pending (now terminated) merger were also terminated upon termination of the Merger Agreement. As a result of the termination of the financing, the Company was required to pay to Wells Fargo Bank a ticking fee of $18.3 million, which is included in other income (expense), net in the year ended December 31, 2023.

Current wording

The second amended and restated commitment letter dated October 24, 2022 with Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., or Wells Fargo Bank, and other lenders, and related financing commitments for the previously pending (now terminated) merger were also terminated upon termination of the Merger Agreement. As a result of the termination of the financing, in August 2023, the Company was required to pay to Wells Fargo Bank a ticking fee of $18.3 million, which is included in other income (expense), net in the year ended December 31, 2023.

Previous wording

During the year ended December 31, 2023, we entered into two plans of restructuring to reduce our workforce, or the Workforce Reductions. The Workforce Reductions are intended to align our operational needs with the changes in macroeconomic conditions and the demand environment while continuing to support the long-term business strategy by reducing our operating expenses.

Current wording

During the year ended December 31, 2024, we completed plans of restructuring to reduce our workforce, or the Workforce Reductions. The Workforce Reductions aligned our operational needs with the changes in macroeconomic conditions and the demand environment while continuing to support our long-term business strategy by reducing our operating expenses.

Previous wording

We believe that the following accounting estimates we have identified as critical involve a greater degree of judgment and complexity than our other accounting policies. Accordingly, these are the estimates we believe are the most critical to understanding and evaluating our consolidated financial condition and results of operations. Refer to Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for a summary of each of the related accounting policies.

Current wording

We believe that the following accounting estimates we have identified as critical involve a greater degree of judgment and complexity than our other accounting estimates. Accordingly, these are the estimates we believe are the most critical to understanding and evaluating our consolidated financial condition and results of operations. Refer to Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for a summary of each of the related accounting policies.

Previous wording

Estimates in our business combination accounting that involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty include the valuation of identifiable intangible and tangible assets such as inventory, property and equipment, and intangible assets including in-process research and development, or IPR&D, and contingent consideration, which involve the use of forecasted financial information available at the acquisition date, including application of revenue growth rates and margin percentages, and use of a discount rate and various other assumptions as described in more detail in Notes 1 and 3 to our consolidated financial statements. When reported amounts are material, they may be sensitive to changes to certain assumptions used in the valuation. If the discount rate used in our valuations increased by 1%, it would result in a decrease to the valuation of intangible assets of an immaterial amount for our 2023 and 2021 acquisitions. The amortization and depreciation of such assets, and change in fair value of contingent consideration, impact our consolidated financial results in periods subsequent to the acquisition, and such amounts are disclosed in our consolidated financial statements. During the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we recorded impairment of intangible assets of $2.4 million and $2.8 million, respectively, associated with certain acquired licensed technology. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we did not record any material adjustments to the valuation of such assets, goodwill, or subsequent period adjustments to the consolidated statements of operations associated with our other business combinations.

Current wording

Estimates in our business combination accounting that involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty include the valuation of identifiable intangible and tangible assets such as inventory, property and equipment, and intangible assets including in-process research and development, or IPR&D, and contingent consideration, which involve the use of forecasted financial information available at the acquisition date, including application of revenue growth rates and margin percentages, and use of a discount rate and various other assumptions as described in more detail in Notes 1 and 3 to our consolidated financial statements. When reported amounts are material, they may be sensitive to changes to certain assumptions used in the valuation. If the discount rate used in our valuations increased by 1%, it would result in a decrease to the valuation of intangible assets of an immaterial amount for our 2023 and 2021 acquisitions. The amortization and depreciation of such assets, and change in fair value of contingent consideration, impact our consolidated financial results in periods subsequent to the acquisition, and such amounts are disclosed in our consolidated financial statements. During the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we recorded impairment of intangible assets of $1.2 million and $2.4 million, respectively, associated with certain acquired licensed technology. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we did not record any material adjustments to the valuation of such assets, goodwill, or subsequent period adjustments to the consolidated statements of operations associated with our other business combinations.

Previous wording

Estimates in our assessment of impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets that involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty and management judgment include the comparison of our market capitalization as of the annual impairment assessment date to the carrying value of goodwill, use of forecasted financial information for our projects remaining in IPR&D, if any, including growth rates and margin percentages, and a discount rate as of the annual IPR&D impairment assessment date, and our quarterly assessment of whether indicators of impairment exist with respect to all of our goodwill and long-lived assets. For example, a decision to abandon a project involving the technology underlying developed technology and IPR&D, if any, may result in immediate impairment of such assets in the quarter such decision is made. As of the October 31 assessment date, we did not have any remaining IPR&D. Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets impact our consolidated financial results in periods subsequent to their acquisition, and such amounts are disclosed in our consolidated financial statements. During the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we recorded impairment of intangible assets of $2.4 million and $2.8 million, respectively, associated with certain acquired licensed technology. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we did not record any material adjustments to the valuation of such assets.

Current wording

Estimates in our assessment of impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets that involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty and management judgment include the comparison of our market capitalization as of the annual impairment assessment date to the carrying value of goodwill, use of forecasted financial information for our projects remaining in IPR&D, if any, including growth rates and margin percentages, and a discount rate as of the annual IPR&D impairment assessment date, and our quarterly assessment of whether indicators of impairment exist with respect to all of our goodwill and long-lived assets. For example, a decision to abandon a project involving the technology underlying developed technology and IPR&D, if any, may result in immediate impairment of such assets in the quarter such decision is made. As of the October 31 assessment date, we did not have any remaining IPR&D. Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets impact our consolidated financial results in periods subsequent to their acquisition, and such amounts are disclosed in our consolidated financial statements. During the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we recorded impairment of intangible assets of $1.2 million and $2.4 million, respectively, associated with certain acquired licensed technology. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we did not record any material adjustments to the valuation of such assets.

Previous wording

The following describes the line items set forth in our consolidated statements of operations.

Current wording

The following describes the line items set forth in our consolidated statements of operations. A discussion of changes in our results of operations during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 has been omitted from this Annual Report on Form 10-K, but may be found in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on January 31, 2024, which discussion is incorporated herein by reference and which is available free of charge on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

Previous wording

Net Revenue. Net revenue is generated from sales of radio-frequency, analog, digital, and mixed-signal integrated circuits for access and connectivity, wired and wireless infrastructure, and industrial and multi-market applications. A significant portion of our sales are to distributors, who then resell our products.

Current wording

Net Revenue. Net revenue is generated from sales of radio-frequency, analog, digital, and mixed-signal integrated circuits for access and connectivity, wired and wireless infrastructure, and industrial and multi-market applications, as well as patent and intellectual property licenses. A significant portion of our sales are to distributors, who then resell our products.

Previous wording

Research and Development. Research and development expense includes personnel-related expenses, including stock-based compensation, new product engineering mask costs, prototype integrated circuit packaging and test costs, computer-aided design software license costs, intellectual property license costs, reference design development costs, development testing and evaluation costs, depreciation expense, and allocated occupancy costs. Research and development activities include the design of new products, refinement of existing products and design of test methodologies to ensure compliance with required specifications. All research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

Current wording

Research and Development. Research and development expense includes personnel-related expenses, including benefits and stock-based compensation, new product engineering mask costs, prototype integrated circuit packaging and test costs, computer-aided design software license costs, intellectual property license costs, reference design development costs, development testing and evaluation costs, depreciation expense, and allocated occupancy costs, partially offset by income from joint R&D projects and/or governmental R&D grants, if any. Research and development activities include the design of new products, refinement of existing products and design of test methodologies to ensure compliance with required specifications. All research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

Previous wording

Interest and Other Income (Expense), Net. Interest and other income (expense), net includes interest income, interest expense and other income (expense). Interest income consists of interest earned on our cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash balances. Interest expense consists of interest accrued on debt and amortization of discounts on debt and other liabilities. Other income (expense) generally consists of income (expense) generated from non-operating transactions, including a ticking fee paid to lenders following the termination of the Silicon Motion merger, net gains (losses) from sales of investments, and unrealized holding gains (losses) from certain investments required to be marked to market value.

Current wording

Interest and Other Income (Expense), Net. Interest and other income (expense), net includes interest income, interest expense and other income (expense). Interest income consists of interest earned on our cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash balances. Interest expense consists of interest accrued on debt and amortization of discounts on debt and other liabilities. Other income (expense) generally consists of income (expense) generated from non-operating transactions, including a ticking fee paid to lenders following the termination of the Silicon Motion merger, net gains (losses) from sales or impairment of investments and/or income or losses from investments, if any, including unrealized holding gains (losses) from certain investments required to be marked to market value, if any, and a gain from partial curtailment of employee defined benefit obligations.

Previous wording

Net revenue decreased $427.0 million to $693.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to $1.1 billion for the year ended December 31, 2022 primarily as a result of macroeconomic conditions impacting customer demand, including excess inventory in the channel built up following the supply shortages in the prior year. As supply shortages eased, the upward pricing pressure eased and was a modest component of revenue growth in the year. Broadband net revenue decreased by $289.7 million, driven by decreases in the volume of broadband SOC shipments in this category. Connectivity revenue decreased $165.7 million due to decreased volume of shipments of certain products primarily associated with residential broadband market decline. The increase in infrastructure revenues of $40.8 million was primarily driven by an increase in the volume of wireless backhaul shipments. Industrial and multi-market revenue decreased $12.4 million due to a $22.3 million decrease driven by decreased volume of shipments of high-performance analog products, partially offset by a $9.9 million increase driven by increased volume of shipments of component products.

Current wording

Net revenue decreased $332.7 million to $360.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $0.7 billion for the year ended December 31, 2023, as a result of macroeconomic conditions impacting customer demand, including excess inventory in the channel built up following the supply shortages in 2022. Broadband net revenue decreased by $86.7 million, driven by decreases in the volume of broadband SOC shipments in this category, partially offset by revenue from certain intellectual property sale agreements and increases from reversals of unclaimed rebates due to expiration of rebate pricing. Connectivity revenue decreased $82.5 million due to decreased volume of shipments of certain products associated with residential broadband market decline, partially offset by revenue from certain intellectual property sale agreements. The decrease in infrastructure revenues of $63.2 million was driven by decreases in the volume of wireless backhaul shipments, and high performance analog shipments, partially offset by improvement in shipments of from high-speed interconnect products, and revenues from certain intellectual property sale agreements. Industrial and multi-market revenue decreased $100.4 million driven by a decreased volume of shipments of component and high-performance analog products. Price changes did not have a material impact to revenues period over period.

Previous wording

Cost of net revenue decreased $162.9 million to $307.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to $470.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The decrease was driven by a decreased volume of shipments of broadband SOC and certain connectivity products as a result of macroeconomic conditions impacting customer demand for such products. Gross profit percentage decreased for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, due to reduced absorption of intangible amortization, partially offset by improvement from product mix. Product mix included higher margin backhaul product contributions relative to total revenues in 2023 as compared to 2022.

Current wording

Cost of net revenue decreased $141.9 million to $165.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $307.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease was driven by a decreased volume of shipments of our products as a result of macroeconomic conditions impacting customer demand for such products as described above under “Net Revenue”. Gross profit percentage declined for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, due to reduced absorption of intangible amortization and fixed costs.

Previous wording

Research and development, or R&D, expense decreased $26.9 million to $269.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 from $296.4 million in the year ended December 31, 2022. The decrease was driven by decreases in bonuses of $21.9 million, payroll and benefits expense of $9.4 million, and consulting expense of $9.2 million, partially offset by the impact of decrease in income from joint R&D projects and governmental R&D grants offsetting our R&D expense of $11.3 million and an increase stock based compensation expense of $3.6 million. The decrease in bonuses is attributable to a decrease in financial performance and decreased headcount from the workforce reductions during 2023. The decrease in payroll and benefits expense is also due to the workforce reductions. The amount of income from joint R&D projects and governmental R&D grants varies from year to year depending on demand for such projects and availability of governmental R&D programs.

Current wording

Research and development, or R&D, expense decreased $44.3 million to $225.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 from $269.5 million in the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease was driven by decreases in payroll and benefits expense of $24.2 million, CAD design tools and other software license expense of $8.6 million, stock based compensation of $5.4 million, prototype expense of $5.0 million, bonuses of $4.5 million, consulting expense of $4.1 million, depreciation expense of $1.5 million and occupancy expenses of $1.0 million. These decreases were partially offset by a decrease in income from joint R&D and governmental grants of $10.9 million offset against R&D expense. The decrease in payroll and benefits expense, stock-based compensation, and bonuses are attributable to the Workforce Reductions and cost reduction measures. The decreases in CAD design tool, consulting and prototype expenses are due to timing of project completion. The decrease in depreciation expense is from acquired assets becoming fully amortized as they reached the end of their useful lives. The decrease in income from joint R&D projects and governmental grants is due to timing of governmental R&D grants and termination of certain programs during the first and third quarters of 2024 as a result of the Workforce Reductions. The amount of income from research and development funded by others also varies from period to period depending on availability of such funding, including governmental grants.

Previous wording

We are closely managing our R&D expenses to meet evolving demand and are in the process of completing a workforce reduction which is anticipated to reduce R&D expense in the first quarter of 2024; however, we expect our research and development expenses to increase in future years as we develop products to drive future growth.

Current wording

We are reducing our research and development spending, including via our Workforce Reductions, to meet evolving demand; however, we expect our research and development expenses to increase in future years as we develop products to drive future growth.

Previous wording

We are closely managing our selling, general and administrative expenses; however, we expect selling, general and administrative expenses to increase in future years when we return to growing our sales and marketing organization to expand into existing and new markets.

Current wording

We are reducing our selling, general and administrative expenses, including via our Workforce Reductions; however, we expect selling, general and administrative expenses to increase in future years when we return to growing our sales and marketing organization to expand into existing and new markets.

Previous wording

Impairment losses in the year ended December 31, 2023 related to abandonment of certain acquired licensing agreements. Impairment losses in the year ended December 31, 2022 also related to abandonment of certain acquired licensing agreements.

Current wording

Impairment losses in the year ended December 31, 2024 related to abandonment of certain intellectual property licenses. Impairment losses in the year ended December 31, 2023 also related to abandonment of certain intellectual property licenses.

Previous wording

Restructuring charges increased $17.5 million to $19.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. Restructuring charges increased $0.1 million to $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $2.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Current wording

Restructuring charges increased $33.6 million to $53.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $19.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. Restructuring charges increased $17.5 million to $19.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Previous wording

Restructuring charges for the year ended December 31, 2023 included $17.9 million in employee severance-related charges related to reductions in our workforce and $1.8 million in other charges driven by the abandonment of certain computer-assisted design software licenses used by the terminated workforce. Approximately two-thirds of the employee severance-related charges are estimated statutory severance benefits payable in the jurisdictions in which the terminated employees were employed, with the remainder representing standard severance benefits.

Current wording

Restructuring charges in the year ended December 31, 2023 included $17.9 million in employee severance-related charges and $1.8 million in other charges driven by the abandonment of certain computer-assisted design software licenses used by the terminated workforce. Approximately two-thirds of the employee severance-related charges in 2023 were estimated statutory severance benefits payable in the jurisdictions in which the terminated employees were employed, with the remainder representing standard severance benefits.

Previous wording

The income tax provision for the year ended December 31, 2023 was $9.3 million compared to an income tax provision of $49.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, and an income tax provision of $5.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Current wording

The income tax provision for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $6.5 million compared to an income tax provision of $9.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Previous wording

The difference between our effective tax rate and the 21.0% U.S. federal statutory rate for the year ended December 31, 2022 resulted primarily from the mix of pre-tax income among jurisdictions, permanent tax items including a tax on global intangible low-taxed income, stock based compensation, excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation, release of uncertain tax positions under ASC 740-10, and release of the valuation allowance on certain federal research and development credits. The permanent tax item related to global intangible low-taxed income, or GILTI, also reflects recent legislative changes requiring the capitalization of research and experimentation costs, as well as limitations on the creditability of certain foreign income taxes.

Current wording

The difference between our effective tax rate and the 21.0% U.S. federal statutory rate for the year ended December 31, 2024 primarily related to the mix of pre-tax income among jurisdictions, permanent tax items including tax credits, stock based compensation, tax deficiencies related to stock-based compensation, release of uncertain tax positions under ASC 740-10, and the recognition of a valuation allowance on Singapore deferred tax assets.

Previous wording

The difference between our effective tax rate and the 21.0% U.S. federal statutory rate for the year ended December 31, 2023 resulted primarily from the mix of pre-tax income among jurisdictions, permanent tax items including tax credits and a tax on global intangible low-taxed income, stock based compensation, excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation, and release of uncertain tax positions under ASC 740-10. The permanent tax item related to global intangible low-taxed income, or GILTI, also reflects recent legislative changes requiring the capitalization of research and experimentation costs, as well as limitations on the creditability of certain foreign income taxes.

Current wording

The difference between our effective tax rate and the 21.0% U.S. federal statutory rate for the year ended December 31, 2023 resulted primarily from the mix of pre-tax income among jurisdictions, permanent tax items including tax credits and a tax on global intangible low-taxed income, stock based compensation, excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation, and release of uncertain tax positions under ASC 740-10. The permanent tax item related to global intangible low-taxed income, or GILTI, also reflects the then recent legislative changes requiring the capitalization of research and experimentation costs, as well as limitations on the creditability of certain foreign income taxes.

Previous wording

Our subsidiary in Singapore operates under certain tax incentives in Singapore, which are effective through March 2027. Under these incentives, qualifying income derived from certain sales of our integrated circuits is taxed at a concessionary rate over the incentive period. We also receive a reduced withholding tax rate on certain intercompany royalty payments made by our Singapore subsidiary during the incentive period. We recorded a tax provision in the year ended December 31, 2023 and year ended December 31, 2022 at the incentive rate. In the year ended December 31, 2021, due to our Singapore net operating losses and a full valuation allowance in Singapore, the incentives did not have a material impact on our income tax provision. The incentives are conditional upon our meeting certain minimum employment and investment thresholds within Singapore over time, and we may be required to return certain tax benefits in the event we do not achieve compliance related to that incentive period. We currently believe that we will be able to satisfy these conditions without material risk.

Current wording

Our subsidiary in Singapore operates under certain tax incentives in Singapore, which are effective through March 2027. Under these incentives, qualifying income derived from certain sales of our integrated circuits is taxed at a concessionary rate over the incentive period. We also receive a reduced withholding tax rate on certain intercompany royalty payments made by our Singapore subsidiary during the incentive period. We recorded income taxes in the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 at the incentive rate. The incentives are conditional upon our meeting certain minimum employment and investment thresholds within Singapore over time, and we may be required to return certain tax benefits in the event we do not achieve compliance related to that incentive period. We currently believe that we will be able to satisfy these conditions without material risk.

Previous wording

As of December 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $187.3 million, restricted cash of $1.1 million and net accounts receivable of $170.6 million. Additionally, as of December 31, 2023, our working capital, which we define as current assets less current liabilities, was $265.9 million. Financial instruments, which potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. Collateral is generally not required for customer receivables. We limit our exposure to credit loss by placing our cash with high credit quality financial institutions. At times, such deposits may be in excess of insured limits. We have not experienced any losses on our deposits of cash and cash equivalents.

Current wording

As of December 31, 2024, we had cash and cash equivalents of $118.6 million, restricted cash of $1.0 million and net accounts receivable of $85.5 million. Additionally, as of December 31, 2024, our working capital, which we define as current assets less current liabilities, was $141.2 million. Financial instruments, which potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. Collateral is generally not required for customer receivables. We limit our exposure to credit loss by placing our cash with high credit quality financial institutions. At times, such deposits may be in excess of insured limits. We have not experienced any losses on our deposits of cash and cash equivalents.

Previous wording

We also use cash to pay down outstanding debt, repurchase our common stock under our stock repurchase plan, and from time to time, make investments. As of December 31, 2023, $125.0 million of principal was outstanding under a senior secured term B loan facility, or the “Initial Term Loan under the June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement.” The Company also has available a senior secured revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $100.0 million, which remained undrawn as of December 31, 2023. The proceeds of the revolving facility may be used to finance the working capital needs and other general corporate purposes of the Company and its subsidiaries.

Current wording

From time to time, we may also use cash to pay down outstanding debt and/or make investments. As of December 31, 2024, $125.0 million of principal was outstanding under a senior secured term B loan facility, or the “Initial Term Loan under the June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement.” The Company also has available, subject to the terms and conditions of the agreement, a senior secured revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $100.0 million, which remained undrawn as of December 31, 2024. The proceeds of the revolving facility may be used to finance the working capital needs and other general corporate purposes of the Company and its subsidiaries.

Previous wording

Commencing on September 30, 2021, the Initial Term Loan under the June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement has amortized in equal quarterly installments equal to 0.25% of the original principal amount of the Initial Term Loan under the June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement, with the balance payable on June 23, 2028. We could be subject to substantial variable interest rate risk because our interest rate under term loans typically vary based on a fixed margin over an indexed rate or an adjusted base rate. While we had been mitigating the impact of rising interest rates with large amounts of prepayments on our outstanding debt, if interest rates were to further increase substantially, it could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and affect our ability to service the indebtedness. Please refer to the Risk Factor entitled “As of September 30, 2023, our aggregate indebtedness was $125.0 million, and we are subject to a variable amount of interest on the principal balance of our credit agreements and could continue to be adversely impacted by rising interest rates in the future. Such indebtedness adversely affects our operating results and cash-flows as we satisfy our underlying interest and principal payment obligations and contains financial and operational covenants that could adversely affect our operational freedom or ability to pursue strategic transactions that we would otherwise consider to be in the best interest of stockholders, including obtaining additional indebtedness to finance such transactions. In addition, rising interest rates may make it more difficult for us, our customers, and our distributors to obtain financing and service their interest and debt obligations, which in turn has an impact on customer demand for our products and our distributors' business” for a discussion of how our indebtedness could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity and capital resources.

Current wording

Commencing on September 30, 2021, the Initial Term Loan under the June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement has amortized in equal quarterly installments equal to 0.25% of the original principal amount of the Initial Term Loan under the June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement, with the balance payable on June 23, 2028. We could be subject to substantial variable interest rate risk because our interest rate under term loans typically vary based on a fixed margin over an indexed rate or an adjusted base rate. While we had been mitigating the impact of high interest rates with large amounts of prepayments on our outstanding debt, if interest rates were to further increase substantially, it could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and affect our ability to service the indebtedness. Please refer to the Risk Factor entitled “As of December 31, 2024, our aggregate indebtedness was $125.0 million, and we are subject to a variable amount of interest on the principal balance of our credit agreements and could continue to be adversely impacted by high interest rates in the future. Such indebtedness adversely affects our operating results and cash-flows as we satisfy our underlying interest and principal payment obligations and contains financial and operational covenants that could adversely affect our operational freedom or ability to pursue strategic transactions that we would otherwise consider to be in the best interests of stockholders, including obtaining additional indebtedness to finance such transactions. In addition, high interest rates may make it more difficult for us, our customers, and our distributors to obtain financing and service our respective interest and debt obligations, which in turn has an impact on customer demand for our products and our distributors’ business” for a discussion of how our indebtedness could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity and capital resources.

Previous wording

Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including changes in revenue, the expansion of our engineering, sales and marketing activities, the timing and extent of our expansion into new territories, the timing of introductions of new products and enhancements to existing products, the continuing market acceptance of our products, any damages from legal proceedings related to the termination of the Merger Agreement with Silicon Motion or any alleged breaches of the Merger Agreement that we are required to pay, or any amounts we agree to pay in any settlement and any other potential material investments in, or acquisitions of, complementary businesses, services or technologies. Additional funds may not be available on terms favorable to us or at all. If we are unable to raise additional funds when needed, we may not be able to sustain our operations or execute our strategic plans.

Current wording

Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including changes in revenue, the expansion or contraction of our engineering, sales and marketing activities, the timing and extent of our expansion into new territories, the timing of introductions of new products and enhancements to existing products, the continuing market acceptance of our products, any damages from legal proceedings related to the termination of the Merger Agreement with Silicon Motion or any alleged breaches of the Merger Agreement that we are required to pay, or any amounts we agree to pay in any settlement and any other potential material investments in, or acquisitions of, complementary businesses, services or technologies. Additional funds may not be available on terms favorable to us or at all. If we are unable to raise additional funds when needed, we may not be able to sustain our operations or execute our strategic plans.

Previous wording

Our cash and cash equivalents are impacted by the timing of when we pay expenses as reflected in the change in our outstanding accounts payable and accrued expenses. Cash used to fund operating expenses in our consolidated statements of cash flows excludes the impact of non-cash items such as amortization and depreciation of acquired intangible assets and leased right-of-use assets and property and equipment, stock-based compensation, impairment of intangible assets, impairment of leased right-of-use assets and related leasehold improvements and unrealized holding or realized gains or losses on marketable equity securities. Cash used to fund capital purchases and acquisitions of businesses and investments are included in investing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows. Cash proceeds from issuance of common stock and debt and cash used to pay down outstanding debt or repurchase common stock are included in financing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows.

Current wording

Our cash and cash equivalents are impacted by the timing of when we pay expenses as reflected in the change in our outstanding accounts payable and accrued expenses. Cash used to fund operating expenses in our consolidated statements of cash flows excludes the impact of non-cash items such as, but not limited to, amortization and depreciation of acquired intangible assets and leased right-of-use assets and property and equipment, stock-based compensation, impairment of assets, and gain on extinguishment of lease liabilities. Cash used to fund capital purchases and acquisitions of businesses and investments are included in investing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows. Cash paid to satisfy minimum tax withholdings on behalf of employees for restricted stock units and cash proceeds from issuance of common stock and debt and cash used to pay down outstanding debt, if any, are included in financing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows.

Previous wording

Our planned capital expenditures as of December 31, 2023 were not material. Our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2023 included in other long-term liabilities $5.4 million for uncertain tax positions, some of which may result in cash payment and $15.0 million received from other parties for jointly funded research and development projects which will be recognized into income when the contingencies associated with the repayment conditions have been resolved. The future payments related to uncertain tax positions recorded as other long-term liabilities have not been presented in the table above due to the uncertainty of the amounts and timing of cash settlement with the taxing authorities.

Current wording

Our planned capital expenditures as of December 31, 2024 were not material. Our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2024 included in other long-term liabilities $4.4 million for uncertain tax positions, some of which may result in cash payment and $15.0 million received from other parties for jointly funded research and development projects which will be recognized into income when the contingencies associated with the repayment conditions have been resolved. The future payments related to uncertain tax positions recorded as other long-term liabilities have not been presented in the table above due to the uncertainty of the amounts and timing of cash settlement with the taxing authorities.

Previous wording

Our primary sources of cash are cash receipts on accounts receivable from our shipment of products to distributors and direct customers. Aside from the amounts billed to our customers, net cash collections of accounts receivable are impacted by the efficiency of our cash collections process, which can vary from period to period depending on the payment cycles of our major distributor customers, and relative linearity of shipments period-to-period. The June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement, under which we entered into a senior secured term B loan facility and a revolving credit facility, permits us to request incremental loans in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed the sum of an amount equal to the greater of (x) $175.0 million and (y) 100% of “Consolidated EBITDA” (as defined in such agreement), plus the amount of certain voluntary prepayments, plus an unlimited amount that is subject to pro forma compliance with certain first lien net leverage ratio, secured net leverage ratio and total net leverage ratio tests.

Current wording

The June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement, under which we entered into a senior secured term B loan facility and a revolving credit facility, permits us to request incremental loans in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed the sum of an amount equal to the greater of (x) $175.0 million and (y) 100% of “Consolidated EBITDA” (as defined in such agreement), plus the amount of certain voluntary prepayments, plus an unlimited amount that is subject to pro forma compliance with certain first lien net leverage ratio, secured net leverage ratio and total net leverage ratio tests.

Previous wording

We believe that our $187.3 million of cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2023 will be sufficient to fund our projected operating requirements for at least the next twelve months. As of December 31, 2023, our indebtedness totaled $125.0 million, which consists of outstanding principal under the Initial Term Loan under the June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement. The June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement also provides the Company with the Revolving Facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $100.0 million, which remained undrawn as of December 31, 2023. The Initial Term Loan under the June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement has a seven-year term expiring in June 2028 and bears interest, at the Company’s option, at a per annum rate equal to either (i) a base rate equal to the highest of (x) the federal funds rate, plus 0.50%, (y) the prime rate then in effect and (z) an adjusted LIBOR rate determined on the basis of a one-month interest period plus 1.00%, in each case, plus an applicable margin of 1.25% or (ii) an adjusted LIBOR rate, subject to a floor of 0.50%, plus an applicable margin of 2.25%. Loans under the Revolving Facility initially bear interest, at a per annum rate equal to either (i) a base rate (as calculated above) plus an applicable margin of 0.00%, or (ii) an adjusted LIBOR rate (as calculated above) plus an applicable margin of 1.00%. Following delivery of financial statements for the Company’s fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2021, the applicable margin for loans under the Revolving Facility will range from 0.00% to 0.75% in the case of base rate loans and 1.00% to 1.75% in the case of LIBOR rate loans, in each case, depending on the Company’s secured net leverage ratio as of the most recently ended fiscal quarter. The Company is required to pay commitment fees ranging from 0.175% to 0.25% per annum on the daily undrawn commitments under the Revolving Facility, depending on the Company’s secured net leverage ratio as of the most recently ended fiscal quarter. Commencing on September 30, 2021, the Initial Term Loan under the June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement amortizes in equal quarterly installments equal to 0.25% of the original principal amount, with the balance payable at maturity on June 23, 2028. The June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement was amended on June 29, 2023 to implement a benchmark replacement.

Current wording

We believe that our $118.6 million of cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2024 will be sufficient to fund our projected operating requirements for at least the next twelve months. As of December 31, 2024, our indebtedness totaled $125.0 million, which consists of outstanding principal under the Initial Term Loan under the June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement. The June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement also provides the Company with the Revolving Facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $100.0 million, which remained undrawn as of December 31, 2024. The Initial Term Loan under the June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement has a seven-year term expiring in June 2028 and bears interest, at the Company’s option, at a per annum rate equal to either (i) a base rate equal to the highest of (x) the federal funds rate, plus 0.50%, (y) the prime rate then in effect and (z) an adjusted LIBOR rate determined on the basis of a one-month interest period plus 1.00%, in each case, plus an applicable margin of 1.25% or (ii) an adjusted LIBOR rate, subject to a floor of 0.50%, plus an applicable margin of 2.25%. Loans under the Revolving Facility initially bear interest, at a per annum rate equal to either (i) a base rate (as calculated above) plus an applicable margin of 0.00%, or (ii) an adjusted LIBOR rate (as calculated above) plus an applicable margin of 1.00%. Following delivery of financial statements for the Company’s fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2021, the applicable margin for loans under the Revolving Facility will range from 0.00% to 0.75% in the case of base rate loans and 1.00% to 1.75% in the case of LIBOR rate loans, in each case, depending on the Company’s secured net leverage ratio as of the most recently ended fiscal quarter. The Company is required to pay commitment fees ranging from 0.175% to 0.25% per annum on the daily undrawn commitments under the Revolving Facility, depending on the Company’s secured net leverage ratio as of the most recently ended fiscal quarter. Commencing on September 30, 2021, the Initial Term Loan under the June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement amortizes in equal quarterly installments equal to 0.25% of the original principal amount, with the balance payable at maturity on June 23, 2028. The June 23, 2021 Credit Agreement was amended on June 29, 2023 to implement a benchmark replacement for LIBOR.

Previous wording

In the year ended December 31, 2023, net cash provided by operating activities was $43.4 million, compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $388.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The decline in operating cash flows was driven by a decline in revenue from decreased volume of shipments of broadband SOC and certain connectivity products as a result of macroeconomic conditions impacting customer demand for such products (as discussed under the heading, “Results of Operations,” above). Operating cash flows were also impacted by changes in our working capital, which decreased $101.4 million, in particular, in 2023 we made $104.2 million in payments against our price protection liability and $11.8 million in severance and related payments from our workforce reductions.

Current wording

In the year ended December 31, 2024, net cash used in operating activities was $45.3 million, compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $43.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The decline in operating cash flows was driven by a decline in revenue from decreased volume of shipments of our products as a result of macroeconomic conditions impacting customer demand for our products (as discussed under the heading, “Results of Operations,” above). Operating cash flows were also impacted by changes in our working capital, which increased $68.4 million, in particular, in 2024, we collected accounts receivable of $177.6 million, which was partially offset by payments against our price protection liability of $44.6 million and severance and other payments from the Workforce Reductions of $34.5 million.

Previous wording

Net cash used in investing activities was $91.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 and consisted of purchases of property and equipment of $41.3 million, purchases of investments of $29.3 million, purchases of intangible assets of $11.2 million and proceeds loaned to a supplier under notes receivable of $10.0 million.

Current wording

Our use of cash in investing activities increased, as we increased investments in property equipment, including production masks. Net cash used in investing activities was $23.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and consisted of purchases of property and equipment of $17.7 million and purchases of intangible assets of $5.8 million.

Previous wording

Our use of cash in investing activities declined, as we moved from heavier investing in infrastructure, securities and private companies in 2022 to lighter investment activity in 2023. Net cash used in investing activities was $15.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 and included purchases of property and equipment of $13.5 million, payments to acquire Company Y of $9.8 million, purchases of intangible assets of $6.4 million, and payments of contingent consideration related to our acquisition of Company X of $3.0 million.

Current wording

Net cash used in investing activities was $15.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Previous wording

Net cash used in financing activities was $240.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. Net cash used in financing activities consisted of repayments of debt of $185.0 million, common stock repurchases of $31.5 million, and minimum tax withholding paid on behalf of employees for restricted stock units of $28.9 million, partially offset by cash inflows from net proceeds from the issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options of $5.0 million.

Current wording

We continued cash conservation in 2024 following the general slowdown in the market environment. Net cash provided by financing activities was $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. Net cash provided by financing activities consisted of net proceeds from the issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options of $4.1 million partially offset by cash outflows of repayments of minimum tax withholding paid on behalf of employees for restricted stock units of $2.8 million.

Previous wording

Our use of cash in financing activities declined, as we moved from early paydown of debt to mitigate rising interest rates in 2022 to cash conservation in 2023 following the general slowdown in the market environment. Net cash used in financing activities was $26.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. Net cash used in financing activities consisted of payment of a ticking fee to lenders of $18.3 million associated with the termination of our debt commitment associated with the terminated Silicon Motion merger and repayments of minimum tax withholding paid on behalf of employees for restricted stock units of $12.6 million, partially offset by cash inflows from net proceeds from the issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options of $4.6 million.

Current wording

Net cash used in financing activities was $26.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.