WisdomTree Inc
For the period ended Jun 30, 2024. Filed Aug 2, 2024.
View on SEC.govAbout this filing
A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Jun 30, 2024 · Filed Aug 2, 2024
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2024-03-31; filed 2024-05-07.
0001214659-24-008488
Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONSCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2024-06-30; filed 2024-08-02.
0001214659-24-013626
Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONSThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 132 previous paragraphs and 177 current paragraphs.
89 unchanged; 38 reworded; 45 added; 5 removed; 0 previous and 5 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 29 previous and 34 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (45)
Current report
Emerging markets outperformed developed markets in the second quarter of 2024. U.S. shares gained, led higher by the information technology and communication service sectors. Annual U.S. inflation eased slightly and the labor market remained strong. Eurozone shares moved lower in the second quarter of 2024 amid political uncertainty and sticky inflation.
Current report
Other revenues
Current report
Other revenues increased 117.6% from $3.7 million during the three months ended June 30, 2023 to $8.1 million in the comparable period in 2024 due to higher other revenues attributable to our European listed products.
Current report
Interest expense was essentially unchanged from the three months ended June 30, 2023. Our effective interest rate during the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2024 was 5.0% and 4.95%, respectively.
Current report
Gain on revaluation/termination of deferred consideration—gold payments
Current report
We recognized a gain on revaluation/termination of deferred consideration—gold payments of $41.4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2023. This obligation was settled on May 10, 2023 for approximately $137.0 million. See Note 9 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Current report
Other losses and gains, net
Current report
Our effective income tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2023 was 6.1%, resulting in income tax expense of $3.6 million. The effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to a non-taxable gain on revaluation/termination of deferred consideration—gold payments and a decrease in the deferred tax asset valuation allowance on losses recognized on our investments. These items were partly offset by non-deductible executive compensation.
Current report
Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
Current report
Selected Operating and Financial Information
Current report
Operating Revenues
Current report
Advisory fees
Current report
Advisory fee revenues increased 19.9% from $159.6 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 to $191.4 million in the comparable period in 2024 primarily due to higher average AUM. Our average advisory fee was 0.36% during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 0.37% during the comparable period in 2024.
Current report
Other revenues
Current report
Other revenues increased 53.0% from $8.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 to $12.4 million in the comparable period in 2024 due to higher other revenues attributable to our European listed products.
Current report
Operating Expenses
Current report
Compensation and benefits
Current report
Compensation and benefits expense increased 15.1% from $53.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 to $61.8 million in the comparable period in 2024 due to higher incentive and stock-based compensation expense and increased headcount.
Current report
Fund management and administration
Current report
Fund management and administration expense increased 15.0% from $34.9 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 to $40.1 million in the comparable period in 2024 primarily due to higher average AUM and product launches.
Current report
Marketing and advertising
Current report
Marketing and advertising expense increased 12.3% from $8.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 to $9.5 million in the comparable period in 2024 primarily due to higher spending related to our U.S. listed products.
Current report
Sales and business development
Current report
Contractual gold payments
Current report
Professional fees
Current report
Professional fees decreased 15.1% from $12.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 to $10.2 million in the comparable period in 2024 primarily due to lower activist campaign expenses and non-recurring expenses incurred in the prior year to settle our deferred consideration—gold payments obligation and our acquisition of WisdomTree Transfers, Inc.
Current report
Occupancy, communications and equipment
Current report
Depreciation and amortization
Current report
Depreciation and amortization expense increased 248.3% from $0.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 to $0.8 million in the comparable period in 2024 due to amortization of software development costs.
Current report
Third-party distribution fees
Current report
Third-party distribution fees increased 20.8% from $4.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 to $5.0 million in the comparable period in 2024 due to AUM growth we are experiencing on our various platforms and new platform relationships.
Current report
Other
Current report
Other Income/(Expenses)
Current report
Interest expense
Current report
Interest expense was essentially unchanged from the six months ended June 30, 2023. Our effective interest rate during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2024 was 4.9% and 4.95%, respectively.
Current report
Gain on revaluation/termination of deferred consideration—gold payments
Current report
We recognized a gain on revaluation/termination of deferred consideration—gold payments of $62.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023. This obligation was settled on May 10, 2023 for approximately $137.0 million. See Note 9 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Current report
Interest income
Current report
Interest income increased 36.1% from $2.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 to $2.8 million in the comparable period in 2024 due to a higher level of interest-earning assets.
Current report
Loss on Extinguishment of Convertible Notes
Showing the first 40 of 45 passages. Open the source sections for the rest.
Removed paragraphs (5)
Previous report
Resilient economic data boosted investor sentiment during the first quarter of 2024. The U.S. economy grew by more than expected during the fourth quarter of 2023, while macroeconomic data elsewhere around the world also showed encouraging signs. Global equities posted strong returns, while volatility remained low. Continued inflation and steady interest rates maintained by the Federal Reserve combined to drive negative returns for bonds. Gold prices reached all-time highs given continued inflationary concerns.
Previous report
Other income
Previous report
Other income was essentially unchanged from the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Previous report
Interest expense increased 3.1% from $4.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 to $4.1 million in the comparable period in 2024 due tothe recognition of imputed interest on our obligation payable to GBH, partly offset by a lower level of debt outstanding. Our effective interest rate during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2024 was 4.6% and 5.0%, respectively.
Reworded paragraphs (38)
Previous wording
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and the other financial information included elsewhere in this Report. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below. For a more complete description of the risks noted above and other risks that could cause our actual results to materially differ from our current expectations, please see Item 1A “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. We assume no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, unless required by law.
Current wording
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and the other financial information included elsewhere in this Report. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below. For a more complete description of the risks noted above and other risks that could cause our actual results to materially differ from our current expectations, please see Item 1A “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 and Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024. We assume no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, unless required by law.
Previous wording
We are a global financial innovator, offering a well-diversified suite of ETPs, models, solutions and products leveraging blockchain technology. We empower investors and consumers to shape their future and support financial professionals to better serve their clients and grow their businesses. We are leveraging the latest financial infrastructure to create products that provide access, transparency and an enhanced user experience. Building on our heritage of innovation, we are also developing and have launched next-generation digital products, services and structures, including Digital Funds and tokenized assets, as well as our blockchain-native digital wallet, WisdomTree Prime. Including the forthcoming launch in New York, WisdomTree Prime will be available in the U.S. in 41 states and to approximately 75% of the U.S. population.
Current wording
We are a global financial innovator, offering a well-diversified suite of ETPs, models, solutions and products leveraging blockchain technology. We empower investors and consumers to shape their future and support financial professionals to better serve their clients and grow their businesses. We are leveraging the latest financial infrastructure to create products that provide access, transparency and an enhanced user experience. Building on our heritage of innovation, we are also developing and have launched next-generation digital products, services and structures, including Digital Funds and tokenized assets, as well as our blockchain-native digital wallet, WisdomTree Prime. WisdomTree Prime is available in the U.S. in 44 states and to approximately 79% of the U.S. population.
Previous wording
We had approximately $107.2 billion in AUM as of March 31, 2024. Our family of ETPs includes products that provide exposure to equities, fixed income, commodities, leveraged-and-inverse, currency, alternatives and cryptocurrency strategies. We have launched many first-to-market products and pioneered alternative weighting we call “Modern Alpha,” which combines the outperformance potential of active management with the benefits of passive management to offer investors cost-effective funds that are built to perform. Most of our equity-based funds employ a fundamentally weighted investment methodology, which weights securities based on factors such as dividends, earnings or investment factors, whereas most other industry indexes use a capitalization weighted methodology. These products are distributed through all major channels in the asset management industry, including banks, brokerage firms, registered investment advisers, institutional investors, private wealth managers and online brokers primarily through our sales force. We believe technology is altering the way financial advisors conduct business and through our Advisor and Portfolio Solutions programs we offer technology-enabled and research-driven solutions including portfolio construction, asset allocation, practice management services and digital tools to help financial advisors address technology challenges and grow and scale their businesses.
Current wording
We had approximately $109.7 billion in AUM as of June 30, 2024. Our family of ETPs includes products that provide exposure to equities, fixed income, commodities, leveraged-and-inverse, currency, cryptocurrency and alternatives strategies. We have launched many first-to-market products and pioneered alternative weighting we call “Modern Alpha,” which combines the outperformance potential of active management with the benefits of passive management to offer investors cost-effective funds that are built to perform. Most of our equity-based funds employ a fundamentally weighted investment methodology, which weights securities based on factors such as dividends, earnings or investment factors, whereas most other industry indexes use a capitalization weighted methodology. These products are distributed through all major channels in the asset management industry, including banks, brokerage firms, registered investment advisers, institutional investors, private wealth managers and online brokers primarily through our sales force. We believe technology is altering the way financial advisors conduct business and through our Advisor and Portfolio Solutions programs we offer technology-enabled and research-driven solutions including portfolio construction, asset allocation, practice management services and digital tools to help financial advisors address technology challenges and grow and scale their businesses.
Previous wording
We offer ETPs covering equities, commodities, currency, fixed income, leveraged-and-inverse, cryptocurrency and alternatives. The chart below sets forth the asset mix of our ETPs at March 31, 2024, December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2023:
Current wording
We offer ETPs covering equities, commodities and currency, fixed income, leveraged-and-inverse, cryptocurrency and alternatives. The chart below sets forth the asset mix of our ETPs at June 30, 2024, March 31, 2024 and June 30, 2023:
Previous wording
The S&P 500, MSCI EAFE Index (local currency), MSCI EMU Index (local currency), MSCI Japan Index (local currency), MSCI Emerging Markets Index (U.S. dollar) and gold prices increased by 10.6%, 10.0%, 10.3%, 18.8%, 2.2% and 7.4%, respectively, during the quarter. The U.S. dollar strengthened 2.2%, 0.8% and 6.8% versus the euro, British pound and Japanese yen, respectively, during the quarter.
Current wording
The S&P 500, MSCI EAFE Index (local currency), MSCI EMU Index (local currency), MSCI Japan Index (local currency), MSCI Emerging Markets Index (U.S. dollar) and gold prices increased by 9.9%, 8.0%, 8.1%, 12.8%, 2.4% and 5.3%, respectively, during the quarter. The U.S. dollar strengthened 0.7% and 5.9% versus the euro and the Japanese yen, respectively, and weakened 0.1% versus the British pound during the quarter.
Previous wording
U.S. listed ETF industry net flows were $194.6 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2024. U.S. equity and fixed income gathered the majority of those flows.
Current wording
U.S. listed ETF industry net flows were $208.9 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2024. U.S. equity and fixed income gathered the majority of those flows.
Previous wording
European listed ETP industry net flows were $50.4 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Equity and fixed income gathered the majority of those flows.
Current wording
European listed ETP industry net flows were $53.9 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2024. Equity and fixed income gathered the majority of those flows.
Previous wording
The AUM of our U.S. listed exchange traded funds, or U.S. listed ETFs, increased from $72.5 billion at December 31, 2023 to $78.1 billion at March 31, 2024 due to market appreciation and net inflows.
Current wording
The AUM of our U.S. listed exchange traded funds, or U.S. listed ETFs, increased from $78.1 billion at March 31, 2024 to $79.7 billion at June 30, 2024 due to market appreciation and net inflows.
Previous wording
The AUM of our European listed (including internationally cross-listed) ETPs, or European listed ETPs, increased from $27.6 billion at December 31, 2023 to $29.1 billion at March 31, 2024 due to market appreciation.
Current wording
The AUM of our European listed (including internationally cross-listed) ETPs, or European listed ETPs, increased from $29.1 billion at March 31, 2024 to $30.0 billion at June 30, 2024 due to market appreciation, partly offset by net outflows.
Previous wording
The following table sets forth our revenues and net income/(loss) for the most recent five quarters.
Current wording
The following table sets forth our revenues and net income for the most recent five quarters.
Previous wording
Our compensation expense for the year ending December 31, 2024 is currently estimated to range from $108.0 million to $118.0 million (unchanged from our guidance provided last quarter) and takes into consideration planned hires for 2024 as well as year-end compensation adjustments and the annualization of hires made during 2023. This range considers variability in incentive compensation, with drivers including the magnitude of our flows, revenues and operating income growth, margin expansion and our share price performance in relation to our peers. We currently anticipate trending toward the upper half of the range given the strong start to the year.
Current wording
Our compensation to revenue ratio for the year ending December 31, 2024 is currently estimated to range from 28% to 29% (our prior compensation expense guidance was $108.0 million to $118.0 million). Our estimated compensation to revenue ratio takes into consideration planned hires for 2024 and variability in incentive compensation, with drivers including the magnitude of flows, revenues and operating income growth, margin expansion and share price performance in relation to our peers.
Previous wording
Discretionary spending includes marketing, sales, professional fees, occupancy and equipment, depreciation and amortization and other expenses. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, our discretionary spending was $14.9 million. We currently estimate our discretionary spending for the year ending December 31, 2024 to range from $64.0 million to $68.0 million (unchanged from our guidance range provided last quarter).
Current wording
Discretionary spending includes marketing, sales, professional fees, occupancy and equipment, depreciation and amortization and other expenses. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, discretionary spending was $30.5 million. We currently estimate discretionary spending for the year ending December 31, 2024 to range from $64.0 million to $68.0 million (unchanged from our guidance range provided last quarter). Due to seasonality, the discretionary spend for the remainder of the year will likely be more skewed toward the fourth quarter.
Previous wording
Not included in the guidance above are potential non-recurring expenses in response to an activist campaign, including $0.7 million incurred during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Current wording
Not included in the guidance above are non-recurring expenses in response to an activist campaign, including $5.0 million incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2024.
Previous wording
We define gross margin as total operating revenues less fund management and administration expenses. Gross margin percentage is calculated as gross margin divided by total operating revenues. Our gross margin was 79.4% during the three months ended March 31, 2024. Our gross margin guidance for the year ending December 31, 2024 remains 79.0% to 80.0% (unchanged from our guidance range provided last quarter). If AUM increases from continued organic flow growth or favorable market conditions, we would anticipate further gross margin expansion.
Current wording
We define gross margin as total operating revenues less fund management and administration expenses. Gross margin percentage is calculated as gross margin divided by total operating revenues. Our gross margin was 80.3% during the six months ended June 30, 2024 and we have updated our gross margin guidance for the year ending December 31, 2024 to be between 80% and 81% (previously 79.0% to 80.0%) considering current AUM levels and higher forecasted other revenues going forward. If AUM increases from continued organic flow growth or favorable market conditions, we would anticipate further gross margin expansion.
Previous wording
We currently estimate our interest expense for the year ending December 31, 2024 to be $16.5 million, which is inclusive of approximately $2.6 million of interest cost we are required to impute under U.S. GAAP related to our interest-free financing of the shares of Series C Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Series C Preferred Stock”) we repurchased from GBH in November 2023.
Current wording
We currently estimate our interest expense for the year ending December 31, 2024 to be $16.5 million, which is inclusive of approximately $2.6 million of interest cost we are required to impute under U.S. GAAP related to our interest-free financing of the shares of Series C Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series C Preferred Stock”) we repurchased from GBH in November 2023.
Previous wording
We currently estimate that our consolidated normalized effective tax rate will be 24.0% to 25.0% (unchanged from our guidance provided last quarter) taking into consideration the current distribution of profits among our U.S. and European businesses.
Current wording
We currently estimate that our consolidated normalized effective tax rate will be 24.0% to 25.0% (unchanged from our guidance range provided last quarter) taking into consideration the current distribution of profits among our U.S. and European businesses.
Previous wording
We currently estimate our weighted average diluted shares to be between 166.0 million and 168.0 million during the year ending December 31, 2024. This guidance is exclusive of any incremental shares associated with our convertible notes. While our convertible notes require principal to be paid in cash, our diluted shares would need to be increased for any incremental shares associated with an exercise of the conversion option if our stock price exceeds the applicable conversion price of our convertible notes of $9.54 per share for the 5.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2028 and $11.04 per share for the 3.25% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026.
Current wording
We currently estimate our weighted average diluted shares to be between 166.0 million and 168.0 million during the year ending December 31, 2024. This guidance does not take into consideration any variability in shares associated with our convertible notes. While our convertible notes require principal to be paid in cash, our diluted shares would need to be increased for any incremental shares associated with an exercise of the conversion option if our stock price exceeds the applicable conversion price of our convertible notes of $9.54 per share for the 5.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2028 and $11.04 per share for the 3.25% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026.
Previous wording
Advisory fee revenues increased 19.1% from $77.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 to $92.5 million in the comparable period in 2024 due to higher average AUM. Our average advisory fee was 0.36% during each of the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2024.
Current wording
Advisory fee revenues increased 20.7% from $82.0 million during the three months ended June 30, 2023 to $98.9 million in the comparable period in 2024 primarily due to higher average AUM. Our average advisory fee was 0.36% and 0.37% during the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2024, respectively.
Previous wording
Compensation and benefits expense increased 13.3% from $27.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 to $31.1 million in the comparable period in 2024 due to higher incentive and stock-based compensation expense, as well as increased headcount. Headcount was 279 and 300 at March 31, 2023 and 2024, respectively.
Current wording
Compensation and benefits expense increased 17.0% from $26.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2023 to $30.8 million in the comparable period in 2024 due to higher incentive and stock-based compensation expense, as well as increased headcount. Headcount was 291 and 304 at June 30, 2023 and 2024, respectively.
Previous wording
Fund management and administration expense increased 16.4% from $17.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 to $20.0 million in the comparable period in 2024 primarily due to higher average AUM. We had 80 U.S. listed ETFs and 261 European listed ETPs at March 31, 2023 compared to 77 U.S. listed ETFs and 261 European listed ETPs at March 31, 2024.
Current wording
Fund management and administration expense increased 13.6% from $17.7 million during the three months ended June 30, 2023 to $20.1 million in the comparable period in 2024 primarily due to higher average AUM. We had 80 U.S. listed ETFs and 264 European listed ETPs at June 30, 2023 compared to 78 U.S. listed ETFs and 272 European listed ETPs at June 30, 2024.
Previous wording
Marketing and advertising expense increased 10.0% from $4.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 to $4.4 million in the comparable period in 2024 primarily due to higher online advertising related to our digital assets business.
Current wording
Marketing and advertising expense increased 14.4% from $4.5 million during the three months ended June 30, 2023 to $5.1 million in the comparable period in 2024 primarily due to higher spending related to our U.S. listed products.
Previous wording
Sales and business development expense increased 20.6% from $3.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 to $3.6 million in the comparable period in 2024 primarily due to increases in travel and events spending, as well as higher spending on sales tools and data.
Current wording
Sales and business development expense increased 9.4% from $3.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2023 to $3.6 million in the comparable period in 2024 primarily due to increases in travel and events spending.
Previous wording
Contractual gold payments expense decreased from $4.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 to $0 in the comparable period in 2024 due to the termination of our deferred consideration—gold payments obligation on May 10, 2023. See Note 9 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Current wording
Contractual gold payments expense decreased from $1.6 million during the three months ended June 30, 2023 to zero in the comparable period in 2024 due to the termination of our deferred consideration—gold payments obligation on May 10, 2023. See Note 9 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Previous wording
Professional fees expense was essentially unchanged from the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Current wording
Professional fees expense decreased 20.9% from $8.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2023 to $6.6 million in the comparable period in 2024 due to non-recurring expenses incurred during the three months ended June 30, 2023 to settle our deferred consideration—gold payments obligation and our acquisition of WisdomTree Transfers, Inc. (formerly Securrency Transfers, Inc.).
Previous wording
Depreciation and amortization expense increased 251.4% from $0.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 to $0.4 million in the comparable period in 2024 due to amortization of software development costs.
Current wording
Depreciation and amortization expense increased 245.5% from $0.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2023 to $0.4 million in the comparable period in 2024 due to amortization of software development costs.
Previous wording
Third-party distribution fees expense was essentially unchanged from the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Current wording
Third-party distribution fees expense increased 42.8% from $1.9 million during the three months ended June 30, 2023 to $2.7 million in the comparable period in 2024 due to AUM growth we are experiencing on our various platforms and new platform relationships.
Previous wording
Interest income increased 29.1% from $1.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 to $1.4 million in the comparable period in 2024 dueto a higher level of interest earning assets.
Current wording
Interest income increased 43.8% from $1.0 million during the three months ended June 30, 2023 to $1.4 million in the comparable period in 2024 due to a higher level of interest-earning assets.
Previous wording
Our effective income tax rate during the three months ended March 31, 2024 was 20.5%, resulting in income tax expense of $5.7 million. The effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the decrease in the deferred tax asset valuation allowance on losses recognized on the Company’s financial instruments owned, tax windfalls associated with the vesting of stock-based compensation awards and a lower tax rate on foreign earnings. These items were partly offset by state and local income taxes.
Current wording
Our effective income tax rate during the three months ended June 30, 2024 was 26.3%, resulting in income tax expense of $7.8 million. The effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to non-deductible executive compensation, an increase in the deferred tax asset valuation allowance on losses recognized on our investments and state and local income taxes. These items were partly offset by a lower tax rate on foreign earnings.
Previous wording
During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $4.9 million on our investment in Securrency, Inc.
Current wording
During the six months ended June 30, 2023, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $4.9 million on our investment in Securrency, Inc.
Previous wording
Other gains and losses, net were ($2.0) million and $2.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2024, respectively. This quarter includes gains of $2.1 million and $0.1 million on our financial instruments and our investments, respectively. Gains and losses also generally arise from the sale of gold earned from management fees paid by our physically-backed gold ETPs, foreign exchange fluctuations and other miscellaneous items.
Current wording
Other gains and losses, net were ($0.7) million and $1.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2024, respectively. This period includes gains on our financial instruments owned of $1.8 million and losses on our investments of $1.2 million. Gains and losses also generally arise from the sale of gold earned on management fees paid by our physically-backed gold ETPs, foreign exchange fluctuations and other miscellaneous items.
Previous wording
Our effective income tax rate for the first quarter of 2023 was 7.9%, resulting in income tax expense of $1.4 million. The effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to a non-taxable gain on revaluation of deferred consideration and a reduction in unrecognized tax benefits upon the expiration of the statute of limitations. These items were partly offset by a non-deductible loss on extinguishment of our convertible notes and an increase in the deferred tax asset valuation allowance on losses recognized on our investments.
Current wording
Our effective income tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was 6.5%, resulting in an income tax expense of $4.9 million. Our tax rate differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to a non-taxable gain on revaluation/termination of deferred consideration—gold payments, a reduction in unrecognized tax benefits associated with the release of the tax-related indemnification asset and a lower tax rate on foreign earnings. These items were partly offset by a non-deductible loss on extinguishment of our convertible notes during the first quarter of 2023, non-deductible executive compensation and an increase in the deferred tax asset valuation allowance on losses recognized on our investments.
Previous wording
We consider our available liquidity to be our liquid assets, less our current liabilities, seed capital in WisdomTree Digital Funds and regulatory capital requirements of certain of our subsidiaries. Liquid assets consist of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, financial instruments owned, at fair value, accounts receivable and securities held-to-maturity. Our financial instruments owned, at fair value are highly liquid investments. Accounts receivable are current assets and primarily represent receivables from advisory fees we earn from our ETPs. Our current liabilities consist primarily of payments owed to vendors and third parties in the normal course of business and accrued incentive compensation for employees.
Current wording
We consider our available liquidity to be our liquid assets, less our current liabilities, seed capital in WisdomTree Digital Funds and regulatory capital requirements of certain of our subsidiaries. Liquid assets consist of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, financial instruments owned, at fair value, accounts receivable and securities held-to-maturity. Our financial instruments owned, at fair value are highly liquid investments. Accounts receivable are current assets and primarily represent receivables from advisory fees we earn from our ETPs. Our current liabilities consist primarily of payments owed to vendors and third parties in the normal course of business, accrued incentive compensation for employees and the current portion of our payable to GBH.
Previous wording
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash decreased by $12.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 due to $7.8 million used to repurchase our common stock, $5.0 million used to pay dividends, $2.5 million used to purchase financial instruments owned, at fair value, $1.0 million used in operating activities, $0.6 million used to pay for software development and $0.7 million used for other activities. These decreases were partly offset by $5.2 million of proceeds from the sale of financial instruments owned, at fair value.
Current wording
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash increased by $3.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2024 due to $14.2 million used to purchase financial instruments owned, at fair value, $9.9 million used to pay dividends, $7.8 million used to repurchase our common stock, $1.2 million used to pay for software development and $0.7 million used for other activities. These decreases were partly offset by $31.2 million provided by operating activities, $5.3 million of proceeds from the sale of financial instruments owned, at fair value, and $0.5 million of proceeds from the exit from our investment in Securrency, Inc.
Previous wording
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash decreased by $13.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 due to $130.0 million of proceeds from the issuance of convertible notes, $18.3 million of proceeds from the sale of financial instruments owned, at fair value and $0.4 million from other activities. These increases were offset by $124.3 million used to repurchase convertible notes, $20.3 million used to purchase financial instruments owned, at fair value, $5.4 million used in operating activities, $4.8 million used to pay dividends, $3.5 million used to cover convertible notes issuance costs and $3.4 million used to repurchase our common stock.
Current wording
Cash and cash equivalents decreased by $48.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 due to $184.3 million used to repurchase and settle at maturity our convertible notes, $50.0 million used to settle our deferred consideration—gold payments obligation, $40.5 million used to purchase financial instruments owned, at fair value, $10.0 million used to purchase investments, $9.7 million used to pay dividends, $3.5 million used to repurchase our common stock, $3.5 million used for convertible notes issuance costs and $1.0 million used to acquire Securrency Transfers, Inc (renamed WisdomTree Transfers, Inc.). These decreases were partly offset by $130.0 million of proceeds from the issuance of convertible notes, $102.0 million of proceeds from the sale of financial instruments owned, at fair value, $20.0 million provided by operating activities, $1.5 million from receipt of contingent consideration and $0.7 million from other activities.
Previous wording
Our business does not require us to maintain a significant cash position. However, certain of our subsidiaries are required to maintain a minimum level of regulatory capital, which at March 31, 2024 was approximately $42.1 million in the aggregate. Notwithstanding these regulatory capital requirements, we expect that our main uses of cash will be to fund the ongoing operations of our business. We also maintain a capital return program which includes a $0.03 per share quarterly cash dividend and authority to purchase our common stock through April 27, 2025, including purchases to offset future equity grants made under our equity plans and purchases made in open market or privately negotiated transactions.
Current wording
Our business does not require us to maintain a significant cash position. However, certain of our subsidiaries are required to maintain a minimum level of regulatory capital, which at June 30, 2024 was approximately $37.0 million in the aggregate. Notwithstanding these regulatory capital requirements, we expect that our main uses of cash will be to fund the ongoing operations of our business. We also maintain a capital return program which includes a $0.03 per share quarterly cash dividend and authority to purchase our common stock through April 27, 2025, including purchases to offset future equity grants made under our equity plans and purchases made in open market or privately negotiated transactions.
Previous wording
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we repurchased 1,096,278 shares of our common stock under the repurchase program for an aggregate cost of $7.8 million. Currently, approximately $88.6 million remains under this program for future purchases.
Current wording
During the six months ended June 30, 2024, we repurchased 1,096,278 shares of our common stock under the repurchase program for an aggregate cost of $7.8 million. Currently, approximately $88.6 million remains under this program for future purchases.
Previous wording
On November 20, 2023, we repurchased our Series C Preferred Stock from GBH for aggregate cash consideration of approximately $84.4 million. Under the terms of the transaction, we paid GBH $40.0 million on the closing date, with the remainder of the purchase price payable in equal, interest-free installments on the first, second and third anniversaries of the closing date.
Current wording
On November 20, 2023, we repurchased our Series C Preferred Stock from GBH for aggregate cash consideration of approximately $84.4 million. The Series C Preferred Stock was originally issued to GBH on May 10, 2023 in connection with the termination of the Company’s obligations relating to the contractual gold payments. Under the terms of the transaction, we paid GBH $40.0 million on the closing date, with the remainder of the purchase price payable in equal, interest-free installments on the first, second and third anniversaries of the closing date.
Previous wording
Total future minimum lease payments with respect to our operating lease liabilities were $0.3 million at March 31, 2024. Cash flows generated by our operating activities and existing cash balances should be sufficient to satisfy the future minimum lease payments. See Note 13 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Current wording
Total future minimum lease payments with respect to our operating lease liabilities were $0.9 million at June 30, 2024. Cash flows generated by our operating activities and existing cash balances should be sufficient to satisfy the future minimum lease payments. See Note 13 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Rearranged current paragraphs (5)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Other losses and gains, net were $1.3 million and ($1.3) million during the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2024, respectively. The three months ended June 30, 2024 include losses of $1.3 million and $0.3 million on our investments and financial instruments owned, respectively. Gains and losses also generally arise from the sale of gold earned from management fees paid by our physically-backed gold ETPs, foreign exchange fluctuations and other miscellaneous items.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Sales and business development expense increased 14.7% from $6.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 to $7.3 million in the comparable period in 2024 primarily due to increases in travel and events spending.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Contractual gold payments expense decreased from $6.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 to zero in the comparable period in 2024 due to the termination of our deferred consideration—gold payments obligation on May 10, 2023. See Note 9 to our Consolidated Financial statements for additional information.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Occupancy, communications and equipment expense was essentially unchanged from the six months ended June 30, 2023.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Other expenses were essentially unchanged from the six months ended June 30, 2023.