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Aeluma, Inc.

For the period ended Jun 30, 2026. Filed Sep 16, 2026.

View on SEC.gov

About this filing

A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.

FY2026 · Filed Sep 16, 2026

ALMU$6.99+16.5%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026

What changed in Risk Factors?

Read the current filing

Previous report: 10-K

Period ended 2025-06-30; filed 2025-09-09.

0001213900-25-086227

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Current report: 10-K

Period ended 2026-06-30; filed 2026-09-16.

0001213900-26-100584

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.

Compared 179 previous paragraphs and 177 current paragraphs.

110 unchanged; 45 reworded; 22 added; 22 removed; 2 previous and 0 current paragraphs rearranged.

Tables are not compared: 72 previous and 93 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.

A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.

Added paragraphs (22)

Current report

Below are material factors known to us that could materially adversely affect our business, operating results, financial condition, prospects or share price. These risks are not the only risks we face, and there may be other risks, including risks not known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial, that could materially and adversely affect our business and financial performance. Although these risks are organized by headings, and each risk is discussed separately, many are interrelated.

Current report

This summary of risk factors is not complete and should be read in conjunction with the more complete and detailed descriptions of risks that follow.

Current report

We have entered into a letter of intent with the U.S. Department of Commerce for proposed funding under the CHIPS and Science Act, which remains subject to execution of definitive award documents and may result in substantial restrictions on our business and operations.

Current report

We cannot be certain whether we and the U.S. Department of Commerce will establish an execute definitive award documents for the proposed funding on acceptable terms, or at all. Even then, the award will be tied to eligible project costs, and a portion of the award is expected to be funded on a milestone-based award structure tied to technical progress, resulting in uncertainty as to whether, when, and in what amounts we may receive or retain any portion of the proposed funding.

Current report

The perceived and actual dilutive effective of the proposed issuance of common stock to the U.S. Department of Commerce pursuant to the award could adversely affect market perception or the price of our common stock. Reputational, regulatory, or governance considerations that may accompany a government investment in our Company could impose substantial restrictions on our business and operations and could also adversely affect future opportunities.

Current report

It is also possible that the anticipated benefits of the proposed funding, including acceleration of commercialization and scaling of our non-InP photonics platform, may not be realized on the timeline anticipated or at all. Further, changes in U.S. government policy, funding priorities, or budgetary constraints could affect the availability or continuation of CHIPS and Science Act programs, both before and after definitive award documents have been established.

Current report

Market opportunity estimates and forecasts regarding our target markets may prove inaccurate and should not be viewed as indicative of our future revenue or growth.

Current report

We rely on third-party market research and internal assumptions to evaluate opportunities in mobile and consumer electronics, automotive lidar, AI, silicon photonics, quantum computing, and other markets. These estimates are inherently uncertain and may prove inaccurate. Even if these markets grow as expected, we may not develop products that address them, win customers in those markets, or achieve meaningful revenue, and investors should not rely on market-size estimates or addressable-market estimates as an indication of our future revenue or growth.

Current report

Changes to federal regulatory agencies and policies, including the Department of Commerce, could adversely affect our business operations and financial outlook.

Current report

The Department of Commerce is particularly relevant to our industry because it administers programs and policies affecting the semiconductor industry, including the CHIPS Program. Changes in the administration, funding, eligibility requirements, implementation, or priorities of these programs, as well as changes to other Commerce Department policies, including those relating to semiconductor trade and export controls, could affect our access to government programs, incentives, approvals, or other resources and could increase regulatory uncertainty or compliance costs. Any such changes, delays, or disruptions could adversely affect our ability to execute our business plans and could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Current report

Product liability lawsuits, warranty claims, and product recalls could result in substantial liabilities and harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Current report

We may be unable to complete or successfully integrate strategic transactions, which could limit our ability to execute our business strategies.

Current report

Dependence on customers in regulated industries and changes in applicable laws and regulations could adversely affect demand for our products and business.

Current report

Our business prospects depend, in part, on the demand for our products from customers operating in industries that are or may be subject to evolving federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations. Changes in, or the interpretation, implementation or enforcement of, such laws and regulations, including those relating to environmental protection, trade policy, export controls, data privacy, taxation, or industry-specific compliance requirements, may increase our customers’ costs of doing business, restrict their operations, delay or cancel their capital expenditure plans, or otherwise adversely affect their financial condition.

Current report

Demand for our technologies may not develop as we expect, and evolving regulation and competition could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Current report

Our technology may be used in applications involving AI, high-performance computing, sensing, communications, defense and aerospace, mobile devices, and quantum computing. Although we believe our heterogeneous integration platform, photodetectors, photodetector arrays, quantum dot lasers, and other photonic and electronic semiconductor technologies may be relevant to AI-related applications, we are an early-stage company, we have not achieved volume production for any product offering, and growth in AI-related markets may not result in meaningful demand for our specific technologies or products. AI infrastructure investment cycles may be volatile and may be affected by customer capital expenditure decisions, changing technical architectures, energy and cost constraints, supply chain limitations, and shifts in customer priorities. If customers adopt competing technologies, develop solutions internally, reduce AI-related investments, or determine that our products do not meet their performance, cost, reliability, qualification, or integration requirements, our ability to commercialize our products and grow revenue could be materially and adversely affected.

Current report

AI and AI-adjacent technologies are also subject to evolving U.S. and international regulation, procurement rules, data protection requirements, cybersecurity standards, and public scrutiny, in addition to the export control and trade restriction risks described below under “Risks Relating to the Semiconductor Industry.” These developments could increase compliance costs, restrict sales or technology transfers, delay customer programs, or reduce demand from customers in regulated industries. In addition, larger semiconductor, photonics, foundry, systems, and technology companies may have greater resources, manufacturing access, customer relationships, and product roadmaps for AI-related markets than we do. If we are unable to compete effectively, or if products incorporating our technologies are associated with AI-related applications that are perceived as unsafe, unreliable, controversial, or inconsistent with evolving legal, ethical, or social expectations, our reputation, customer relationships, business, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Current report

Export controls, sanctions, and other trade restrictions applicable to semiconductor, photonics, defense, aerospace, AI, and quantum technologies could limit our ability to sell or transfer our products and technology.

Current report

Our anticipated products and technology, including photonics and electronics based on high-performance semiconductors and technologies developed for government or regulated customers, may be subject to U.S. and foreign export controls, sanctions, import rules, and other trade restrictions. These laws and policies may require licenses or other authorizations, restrict transfers to certain countries, entities, end uses, or end users, or delay customer programs. Changes in export control or sanctions policies, including restrictions involving advanced semiconductors, AI, quantum, defense, aerospace, communications, or related technologies, could prevent or delay the sale, shipment, transfer, or use of our products or technology, increase compliance costs, or expose us to penalties, investigations, reputational harm, or loss of export privileges if we fail to comply.

Current report

We are an emerging growth company and a smaller reporting company, and certain reduced reporting and disclosure requirements could make our common stock less attractive to investors.

Current report

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, and, for as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, we intend to take advantage of exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies but not to emerging growth companies, including:

Current report

We cannot predict if investors will find our common stock less attractive if we choose to continue to rely on the exemptions afforded to emerging growth companies. If some investors find our common stock less attractive because we have relied on any of these exemptions, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock, and the market price of our common stock may be more volatile.
Removed paragraphs (22)

Previous report

Investing in our securities includes a high degree of risk. Prior to making a decision about investing in our securities, you should consider carefully the specific factors discussed below, together with all of the other information contained in this prospectus. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations and future prospects would likely be materially and adversely affected. This could cause the market price of our Common Stock to decline and could cause you to lose all or part of your investment.

Previous report

We may not obtain insurance coverage to adequately cover all significant risk exposures.

Previous report

We will be exposed to liabilities that are unique to the products and services we provide. There can be no assurance that we will acquire or maintain insurance for certain risks, that the amount of our insurance coverage will be adequate to cover all claims or liabilities, or that we will not be forced to bear substantial costs resulting from risks and uncertainties of business. It also may not be possible to obtain insurance to protect against all operational risks and liabilities. The failure to obtain adequate insurance coverage on terms favorable to us, or at all, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Previous report

We may be subject, in the ordinary course of business, to losses resulting from product liability, accidents, acts of God and other claims against us, for which we may have inadequate insurance coverage. Our insurance policies may include significant deductibles or self-insured retentions, policy limitations and exclusions, and we cannot be certain that our insurance coverage will be sufficient to cover all future losses or claims against us. A loss that is uninsured or that exceeds applicable coverage limits may require us to pay substantial amounts, which may harm our financial condition and operating results.

Previous report

If product liability lawsuits are brought against us, we may incur substantial liabilities.

Previous report

There is no assurance on the future successful completion of strategic transactions by us to successfully implement our business strategies.

Previous report

A significant natural disaster, such as an earthquake, fire, hurricane, tornado, flood, or significant power outage, could disrupt our operations, mobile networks, the internet or the operations of our third-party technology providers. In addition, any further outbreaks of COVID-19 or other unforeseen public health crises, or political crises, such as terrorist attacks, war and other political instability, or other catastrophic events, whether in mainland China or abroad, could adversely affect our operations or the economies of the markets where we operate. The COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected the semiconductor industry between 2020 and 2021, and we cannot assure you that new outbreaks, particularly with new variants, will not occur. Any such occurrences could cause severe disruption to our daily operations. Any natural disaster, act of terrorism or other disruption to us or our business partners’ abilities could result in decreased demand for our product and service offerings or a delay in the provision of our offerings, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. All of the aforementioned risks may be further increased if our disaster recovery plans prove to be inadequate. Disruptions or downturns in global or national or local economic conditions may cause demand for our products and services to decline. An economic downturn resulting in a prolonged recessionary period would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operating results.

Previous report

We may be subject to penny stock regulations and restrictions and if we are subject to such regulations and restrictions you may have difficulty selling shares of our Common Stock.

Previous report

The Commission has adopted regulations that generally define so-called “penny stocks” as an equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share or an exercise price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exemptions. Our Common Stock has been and may again be considered a “penny stock,” and when it is we are subject to Rule 15g-9 under the Exchange Act, or the Penny Stock Rule. This rule imposes additional sales practice requirements on broker-dealers that sell such securities to persons other than established customers and “accredited investors” (generally, individuals with a net worth in excess of $1,000,000 or annual income exceeding $200,000, or $300,000 together with their spouses). For transactions covered by Rule 15g-9, a broker-dealer must make a special suitability determination for the purchaser and receive the purchaser’s written consent to the transaction prior to sale. As a result, this rule can affect the ability of broker-dealers to sell our securities and affects the ability of purchasers to sell any of our securities in the secondary market.

Previous report

For any transaction involving a penny stock, unless exempt, the rules require delivery, prior to any transaction in a penny stock, of a disclosure schedule prepared by the Commission relating to the penny stock market. Disclosure is also required to be made about sales commissions payable to both the broker-dealer and the registered representative and current quotations for the securities. Finally, monthly statements are required to be sent disclosing recent price information for the penny stock held in the account and information on the limited market in penny stock.

Previous report

There can be no assurance how long our shares of Common Stock will not be considered a “penny stock” because of its price or qualification for exemption from the Penny Stock Rule. In any event, even when our Common Stock is exempt from the Penny Stock Rule, we would remain subject to Section 15(b)(6) of the Exchange Act, which gives the Commission the authority to restrict any person from participating in a distribution of penny stock if the Commission finds that such a restriction would be in the public interest.

Previous report

In addition to the “penny stock” rules described above, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) has adopted similar rules that may also limit a stockholder’s ability to buy and sell our Common Stock. FINRA rules require that in recommending an investment to a customer, a broker-dealer must have reasonable grounds for believing that the investment is suitable for such customer. Prior to recommending speculative low-priced securities to their non-institutional customers, broker-dealers must make reasonable efforts to obtain information about the customer’s financial status, tax status, investment objectives and other information. Under interpretations of these rules, FINRA believes that there is a high probability that speculative low-priced securities will not be suitable for at least some customers. The FINRA requirements make it more difficult for broker-dealers to recommend that their customers buy our Common Stock, which may limit your ability to buy and sell our stock and have an adverse effect on the market for our shares.

Previous report

Sales of our shares of Common Stock in the public market by investors may cause the market price of our Common Stock to decline.

Previous report

Sales of our shares, as well as the issuance of shares of Common Stock in future offering could result in resales of our Common Stock by our current shareholders concerned about the potential dilution of their holdings. In turn, these resales could have the effect of depressing the market price for our Common Stock. If and when we issue shares of Common Stock through the Shelf S3, it would further dilute your ownership.

Previous report

Upon dissolution of the Company, you may not recoup all or any portion of your investment.

Previous report

In the event of a liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of our company, whether voluntary or involuntary, the proceeds and/or assets of the Company remaining after giving effect to such transaction, and the payment of all of our debts and liabilities will be distributed to the stockholders of Common Stock on a pro rata basis. There can be no assurance that we will have available assets to pay to the holders of Common Stock, or any amounts, upon such a liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of our Company. In this event, you could lose some or all of your investment.

Previous report

We could be an emerging growth company for up to five years following the completion of our initial public offering. Our status as an emerging growth company will end as soon as any of the following takes place:

Previous report

We may in the future become subject to claims and litigation alleging violations of the securities laws or other related claims, which could harm our business and require us to incur significant costs. Significant litigation costs could impact our ability to comply with certain financial covenants under our credit agreement. We are generally obliged, to the extent permitted by law, to indemnify our current and former directors and officers who are named as defendants in these types of lawsuits. Regardless of the outcome, litigation may require significant attention from management and could result in significant legal expenses, settlement costs or damage awards that could have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

Previous report

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) has adopted rules requiring that, in recommending an investment to a customer, a broker-dealer must have reasonable grounds for believing that the investment is suitable for that customer.

Previous report

Prior to recommending speculative or low-priced securities to their non-institutional customers, broker-dealers must make reasonable efforts to obtain information about the customer’s financial status, tax status, investment objectives and other information. Under interpretations of these rules, FINRA has indicated its belief that there is a high probability that speculative or low-priced securities will not be suitable for at least some customers. If these FINRA requirements are applicable to us or our securities, they may make it more difficult for broker-dealers to recommend that at least some of their customers buy our common stock, which may limit the ability of our stockholders to buy and sell our common stock and could have an adverse effect on the market for and price of our common stock.

Previous report

If we are unable to comply with the continued listing requirements of The Nasdaq Capital Market, our Common Stock could be delisted, which would adversely affect our common stock market price and liquidity and reduce our ability to raise capital.

Previous report

The listing of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market is contingent on our compliance with the Nasdaq Capital Market’s conditions for continued listing. While we are currently in compliance with Nasdaq listing requirements and diligently attempt to remain in compliance, there is no guarantee that we will remain in compliance. If we were to fail to meet a Nasdaq Capital Market listing requirement, we may be subject to delisting by the Nasdaq Capital Market. In the event our common stock is no longer listed for trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market, our trading volume and share price may decrease and we may experience further difficulties in raising capital which could materially affect our operations and financial results. Further, delisting from the Nasdaq Capital Market could also have other negative effects, including potential loss of confidence by investors, employees, and fewer business development opportunities. Finally, delisting could make it harder for us to raise capital and sell securities.
Reworded paragraphs (45)

Previous wording

We are recently formed and only in the early development stages. Although we have generated some revenue, we are not in volume production for any of our product offerings. Our lack of operating history makes it difficult to evaluate our business and prospects, and may increase the risks associated with an investment in our Common Stock.

Current wording

We have a limited operating history and remain in the early development stages. Although we have generated some revenue, we are not in volume production for any of our product offerings. Our lack of operating history makes it difficult to evaluate our business and prospects, and may increase the risks associated with an investment in our Common Stock.

Previous wording

Biond Photonics, now Aeluma, was formed in 2019. Although the Company has generated some revenue, the Company is subject to the risks involved with any speculative early-stage enterprise. There is no assurance that the Company will successfully offer, market and distribute its products or services. The Company may experience continuing net losses and negative cash flows from operations. The extent of continuing losses and negative cash flows from operations and the time required to reach profitability are highly uncertain. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to achieve profitability or that profitability, if achieved, can be sustained on an ongoing basis. There is no assurance that actual cash requirements will not exceed our estimates. Such risks for the Company include, but are not limited to:

Current wording

We commenced operations in 2019. Although we have generated some revenue, we are subject to the risks involved with any speculative early-stage enterprise. There is no assurance that we will successfully develop, manufacture, market and distribute our products or services. We have and may continue to experience continuing net losses and negative cash flows from operations. The extent of continuing losses and negative cash flows from operations and the time required to reach profitability are highly uncertain. There is no assurance that we will be able to achieve profitability or that profitability, if achieved, can be sustained on an ongoing basis. There is no assurance that actual cash requirements will not exceed our estimates. Such risks to us include, but are not limited to:

Previous wording

In order to address these risks, the Company must, among other things:

Current wording

In order to address these risks, we must, among other things:

Previous wording

The Company cannot make an assurance that it will succeed in addressing these risks.

Current wording

We cannot make an assurance that it will succeed in addressing these risks.

Previous wording

Historically, we have funded our operations and capital expenditures primarily through equity issuances and cash generated from our operations. Although we currently anticipate that our existing cash and cash equivalents and cash flow from operations will be sufficient to meet our cash needs for the foreseeable future, our business may not always generate sufficient cash flow from operations to fund our activities and we may require additional financing, which we may not be able to obtain on favorable terms. If we raise equity financing to fund operations or on an opportunistic basis, our stockholders may experience significant dilution of their ownership interests. If we engage in debt financing, we may be required to accept terms that restrict our ability to incur additional indebtedness, force us to maintain specified liquidity or other ratios or restrict our ability to pay dividends or make acquisitions. Additionally, if we need such financing and it is not available to us, or is not available to us on satisfactory terms, our ability to operate and expand our business or to respond to competitive pressures would be limited and we could be required to delay, significantly curtail, or eliminate planned operations or other elements of our growth strategy. To reduce this risk, we filed the Shelf S3, which allows us to sell any combination of the securities described in the registration statement in one or more offerings up to a total dollar amount of proceeds of $100,000,000; however, there is no guarantee that we will sell any shares pursuant to the Shelf S3.

Current wording

Historically, we have funded our operations and capital expenditures primarily through equity issuances and cash generated from our operations. Although we currently anticipate that our existing cash and cash equivalents and cash flow from operations will be sufficient to meet our cash needs for the foreseeable future, our business may not always generate sufficient cash flow from operations to fund our activities and we may require additional financing, which we may not be able to obtain on favorable terms. If we raise equity financing to fund operations or on an opportunistic basis, our stockholders may experience significant dilution of their ownership interests. If we engage in debt financing, we may be required to accept terms that restrict our ability to incur additional indebtedness, force us to maintain specified liquidity or other ratios or restrict our ability to pay dividends or make acquisitions. Additionally, if we need such financing and it is not available to us, or is not available to us on satisfactory terms, our ability to operate and expand our business or to respond to competitive pressures would be limited, and we could be required to delay, significantly curtail, or eliminate planned operations or other elements of our growth strategy. Although we have a shelf registration statement on file and an at-the-market offering in place, there is no guarantee that we will sell any additional shares, that market conditions will be favorable for such sales, or that proceeds of any offering will be sufficient to fund our capital requirements.

Previous wording

Our future success is substantially dependent on our ability to attract, retain and motivate the members of our management team and other key employees throughout our organization. The loss of one or more members of our management team or other key employees could materially impact our sales or our R&D programs and materially harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. We do not maintain key person life insurance policies on any of our management team members or key employees. Competition for highly skilled personnel is intense. We may not be successful in attracting or retaining qualified personnel to fulfill our current or future needs. For positions in our offices near Santa Barbara in particular, we may experience challenges hiring new and mid-level employees in part due to the high local housing costs. Our competitors may be successful in recruiting and hiring members of our management team or other key employees, and it may be difficult for us to find suitable replacements on a timely basis, on competitive terms, or at all.

Current wording

Our future success is substantially dependent on our ability to attract, retain, and motivate the members of our management team and other key employees throughout our organization, including in technical, engineering, sales, and operational roles. The loss of one or more members of our management team or other key employees could materially impact our sales or our R&D programs and materially harm our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects. We do not maintain key person life insurance policies on any of our management team members or key employees. Competition for highly skilled personnel in the semiconductor and photonics industries is intense, particularly for candidates with expertise in compound semiconductors, heterogeneous integration, and related technologies. We may not be successful in attracting or retaining qualified personnel to fulfill our current or future needs. For positions in our offices near Santa Barbara in particular, we may experience challenges hiring new and mid-level employees, in part due to the high local housing costs and cost of living. Our competitors may be successful in recruiting and hiring members of our management team or other key employees, and it may be difficult for us to find suitable replacements on a timely basis, on competitive terms, or at all.

Previous wording

Accounting methods and policies for companies such as ours, including policies governing revenue recognition, leases, R&D and related expenses, and accounting for stock-based compensation, are subject to review, interpretation and guidance from our auditors and relevant accounting authorities, including the SEC. Changes to accounting methods or policies, or interpretations thereof, may require us to reclassify, restate or otherwise change or revise our historical financial statements, including those contained in this prospectus.

Current wording

Accounting methods and policies for companies such as ours, including policies governing revenue recognition, leases, R&D and related expenses, and accounting for stock-based compensation, are subject to review, interpretation and guidance from our auditors and relevant accounting authorities, including the SEC. Changes to accounting methods or policies, or interpretations thereof, may require us to reclassify, restate or otherwise change or revise our historical financial statements, including those contained in this report.

Previous wording

We will depend on a limited number of customers and the loss of one or more of these customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Current wording

We expect to depend on a limited number of customers and the loss of one or more of these customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Previous wording

Currently, Aeluma has customer engagements that involve R&D, development of wafers, and delivery of engineering samples for evaluation. There is no assurance that any of these potential customers will purchase our product after they complete their analysis. Since we cannot predict how many of these evaluations will turn into sales, if any, we cannot guarantee that we will generate sufficient revenue to be profitable.

Current wording

Currently, Aeluma has customer engagements that involve R&D, development of wafers, delivery of engineering samples for evaluation, delivery of small volumes of chips, and R&D contracts. There is no assurance that any of these potential customers will purchase our product after they complete their analysis, or that any customer engagement, engineering sample, evaluation, NRE effort, or development project will result in a design win, binding purchase order, volume production, or recurring revenue. Since we cannot predict how many of these evaluations will turn into sales, if any, we cannot guarantee that we will generate sufficient revenue to be profitable.

Previous wording

Due to the concentration and ongoing consolidation within the semiconductor industry, we may also find that over the longer term, our revenues are dependent on relatively few customers. If we lose any of these customers, or these customers do not pay us, our revenues could be materially adversely affected.

Current wording

Due to the concentration and ongoing consolidation within the semiconductor industry, we may also find that over the longer term, our revenues are dependent on relatively few customers. If we lose any of these customers, or these customers delay, dispute or fail to pay us or experience budgetary, liquidity, administrative or other constraints that impair our ability to collect accounts receivable, our revenues and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

Previous wording

We expect that our sales will be typically made pursuant to individual purchase orders or customer agreements, and we do not expect to have long-term supply arrangements with our customers requiring a commitment to purchase. We expect that the agreements with our customers may allow them to cancel orders prior to shipment for standard products and, generally prior to start of production for custom products without incurring a penalty. We anticipate to routinely generate inventory based on customers’ estimates of end-user demand for their products, which is difficult to predict. In times of under supply for certain products, some customers could respond by inflating their demand signals. As markets level off and supply capacity begins to match actual market demands, we could experience an increased risk of inventory write-downs, which may materially adversely affect our results of operations and our financial condition. In addition, our customers may change their inventory practices on short notice for any reason. Furthermore, short customer lead times are standard in the industry due to overcapacity. The cancellation or deferral of product orders, the return of previously sold products, or overproduction of products due to the failure of anticipated orders to materialize could result in excess obsolete inventory, which could result in write-downs of inventory or the incurrence of significant cancellation penalties under our arrangements with our raw materials and equipment suppliers. Unsold inventory, canceled orders, and cancellation penalties may materially adversely affect our results of operations, and inventory write-downs, which may materially adversely affect our financial condition.

Current wording

We expect that our sales will be typically made pursuant to individual purchase orders or customer agreements, and we do not expect to have long-term supply arrangements with our customers requiring a commitment to purchase. We expect that the agreements with our customers may allow them to cancel orders prior to shipment for standard products and, generally, prior to start of production for custom products without incurring a penalty. We anticipate routinely generating inventory based on customers’ estimates of end-user demand for their products, which is difficult to predict. In times of undersupply for certain products, some customers could respond by inflating their demand signals. As markets level off and supply capacity begins to match actual market demands, we could experience an increased risk of inventory write-downs, which may materially adversely affect our results of operations and our financial condition. In addition, our customers may change their inventory practices on short notice for any reason. Furthermore, short customer lead times are standard in the industry due to overcapacity. The cancellation or deferral of product orders, the return of previously sold products, or overproduction of products due to the failure of anticipated orders to materialize could result in excess obsolete inventory, which could result in write-downs of inventory or the incurrence of significant cancellation penalties under our arrangements with our raw materials and equipment suppliers. Unsold inventory, canceled orders, and cancellation penalties may materially adversely affect our results of operations, and inventory write-downs, which may materially adversely affect our financial condition.

Previous wording

Prior to purchasing our products, our customers may require that our products undergo an extensive qualification process, which involves testing of the products in the customer’s system, as well as rigorous reliability testing. This qualification process may continue for a few months or longer, and we cannot guarantee that products will pass the required tests. However, qualification of a product by a customer does not ensure any sales of the product to that customer. Even after successful qualification and sales of a product to a customer, a subsequent revision to the product or software, changes in the product’s manufacturing process or the selection of a new supplier by us may require a new qualification process, which may result in delays and in us holding excess or obsolete inventory. After our products are qualified, additional time may be required before the customer commences volume production of components or devices that incorporate our products. Despite these uncertainties, we will devote substantial resources, including design, engineering, sales, marketing and management efforts, toward qualifying our products with customers in anticipation of sales. If we are unsuccessful or delayed in qualifying any of our products with a customer, such failure or delay would preclude or delay sales of such product to the customer, which may impede our growth and cause our business to suffer.

Current wording

Prior to purchasing our products, our customers may require that our products undergo an extensive qualification process, which involves testing of the products in the customer’s system, as well as rigorous reliability testing. This qualification process may continue for a few months or longer, may require us to provide wafers, chips, engineering samples, NRE services, or other support, and we cannot guarantee that products will pass the required tests. Customer selection or a “design win,” if any, does not obligate a customer to place purchase orders or to proceed to volume production. However, qualification of a product by a customer does not ensure any sales of the product to that customer. Even after successful qualification and sales of a product to a customer, a subsequent revision to the product or software, changes in the product’s manufacturing process or the selection of a new supplier by us may require a new qualification process, which may result in delays and in us holding excess or obsolete inventory. After our products are qualified, additional time may be required before the customer commences volume production of components or devices that incorporate our products. Despite these uncertainties, we will devote substantial resources, including design, engineering, sales, marketing and management efforts, toward qualifying our products with customers in anticipation of sales. If we are unsuccessful or delayed in qualifying any of our products with a customer, such failure or delay would preclude or delay sales of such product to the customer, which may impede our growth and cause our business to suffer.

Previous wording

While we believe that we have implemented adequate security measures within our internal information technology and networking systems, our information technology systems may be subject to security breaches, damages from computer viruses, natural disasters, terrorism, and telecommunication failures. Any system failure or security breach could cause interruptions in our operations in addition to the possibility of losing proprietary information and trade secrets. To the extent that any disruption or security breach results in inappropriate disclosure of our confidential information, our competitive position may be adversely affected, and we may incur liability or additional costs to remedy the damages caused by these disruptions or security breaches.

Current wording

While we believe that we have implemented adequate security measures within our internal information technology and networking systems, our information technology systems may be subject to security breaches, damages from computer viruses, ransomware, phishing attacks, natural disasters, terrorism, power outages, and telecommunication failures. The semiconductor industry has been, and may continue to be, the target of cyber attacks, including those aimed at obtaining intellectual property, disrupting manufacturing processes, or compromising confidential business information. Any system failure or security breach could cause interruptions in our operations in addition to the possibility of losing proprietary information, trade secrets, or sensitive customer and partner data. To the extent that any disruption or security breach results in inappropriate disclosure of our confidential information, our competitive position may be adversely affected, and we may incur liability, regulatory penalties, or additional costs to remedy the damages caused by these disruptions or security breaches. We may also be required to expend significant resources to protect against, respond to, and recover from any such attacks or disruptions.

Previous wording

We rely primarily on a combination of nondisclosure agreements and other contractual provisions, and patent, trade secret and copyright laws to protect our technology and intellectual property. If we fail to protect our technology and intellectual property, our customers, licensees, and others may seek to use our technology and intellectual property without the payment of license fees and royalties, which could weaken our competitive position, reduce our operating results and increase the likelihood of costly litigation. The growth of our business depends in large part on our ability to secure intellectual property rights in a timely manner, our ability to convince third parties of the applicability of our intellectual property rights, and our ability to enforce our intellectual property rights. In certain instances, we attempt to obtain patent protection for portions of our technology, and our agreements may include both issued patents and pending patent applications. If we fail to obtain patents in a timely manner or if the patents issued to us do not cover all of the inventions disclosed in our patent applications, others could use portions of our technology and intellectual property without the payment of license fees and royalties.

Current wording

We conduct certain R&D activities and production of our products at external partner facilities, which has the potential to expose third parties to elements of our intellectual property. We rely primarily on a combination of nondisclosure agreements and other contractual provisions and patent, trade secret and copyright laws to protect our technology and intellectual property. If we fail to protect our technology and intellectual property, our customers, licensees, and others may seek to use our technology and intellectual property without the payment of license fees and royalties, which could weaken our competitive position, reduce our operating results and increase the likelihood of costly litigation. The growth of our business depends in large part on our ability to secure intellectual property rights in a timely manner, our ability to convince third parties of the applicability of our intellectual property rights, and our ability to enforce our intellectual property rights. In certain instances, we attempt to obtain patent protection for portions of our technology, and our agreements may include both issued patents and pending patent applications. If we fail to obtain patents in a timely manner or if the patents issued to us do not cover all of the inventions disclosed in our patent applications, others could use portions of our technology and intellectual property without the payment of license fees and royalties.

Previous wording

If the Company cannot effectively manage growth by implementing and improving its operational and financial systems, the Company’s business, prospects, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

Current wording

If we cannot effectively manage growth by implementing and improving its operational and financial systems, our business, prospects, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

Previous wording

In order to maximize the potential growth in the Company’s market opportunities, the Company may have to expand rapidly and significantly. The impetus for expansion could place a significant strain on the management, operational and financial resources of the Company. In order to manage growth, the Company will be required to implement and continually improve its operational and financial systems, expand operations, attract and retain superior management and train, manage and expand its employee base. The Company can give no assurance that it will effectively manage its operations, that its system, procedures, or controls will adequately support operations or that management of the Company will successfully implement its business plan. If the Company cannot effectively manage growth, the Company’s business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

Current wording

In order to maximize the potential growth in our market opportunities, we may have to expand rapidly and significantly. The impetus for expansion could place a significant strain on our management, operational and financial resources. In order to manage growth, we will be required to implement and continually improve our operational and financial systems, expand operations, attract and retain superior management and train, manage and expand our employee base. We can give no assurance that we will effectively manage our operations, that our system, procedures, or controls will adequately support operations or that our management will successfully implement our business plan. If we cannot effectively manage growth, our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

Previous wording

Manufacturing semiconductors is a highly complex and precise process, requiring production in a tightly controlled, clean environment. Minute impurities in our manufacturing materials, contaminants in the manufacturing environment, manufacturing equipment failures, and other defects can cause our products to be non-compliant with customer requirements or otherwise nonfunctional. We face an inherent business risk of exposure to warranty and product liability claims in the event that our products fail to perform as expected or such failure of our products results is alleged to result in bodily injury or property damage (or both). In addition, if any of our designed products are or are alleged to be defective, we may be required to participate in their recall. A successful warranty or product liability claim against us in excess of our available insurance coverage, if any, and established reserves, or a requirement that we participate in a product recall, could have material adverse effects on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Additionally, in the event that our products fail to perform as expected or such failure of our products results in a recall, our reputation may be damaged, which could make it more difficult for us to sell our products to existing and prospective customers and could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Current wording

Manufacturing semiconductors is a highly complex and precise process, requiring production in a tightly controlled, clean environment. Minute impurities in our manufacturing materials, contaminants in the manufacturing environment, manufacturing equipment failures, and other defects can cause our products to be non-compliant with customer requirements or otherwise nonfunctional, exposing us to warranty and product liability claims in the event that our products fail to perform as expected or are alleged to result in bodily injury or property damage. In addition, if any of our designed products are or are alleged to be defective, we may be required to participate in their recall. A successful warranty or product liability claim against us in excess of our available insurance coverage, if any, and established reserves, or a requirement that we participate in a product recall, could damage our reputation, make it more difficult for us to sell our products to existing and prospective customers, and have material adverse effects on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Previous wording

Natural disasters and other business disruptions could cause significant harm to our business operations and facilities and could adversely affect our supply chain and our customer base, any of which may materially adversely affect our business, results of operation, and financial condition.

Current wording

Natural disasters, public health crises, political crises, economic downturns, or other unexpected events could cause significant harm to our business operations and facilities, adversely affect our supply chain and customer base, and materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Previous wording

We expect that our manufacturing and other facilities, as well as the operations of our third-party suppliers, are susceptible to losses and interruptions caused by floods, fires, hurricanes, earthquakes, typhoons, and similar natural disasters, as well as power outages, telecommunications failures, industrial accidents, pandemics, and similar events. The occurrence of natural disasters in any of the regions in which we or our suppliers will operate could severely disrupt the operations of our businesses by negatively impacting our supply chain, our ability to deliver products, and the cost of our products. Such events can negatively impact revenue and earnings and can significantly impact cash flow, both from decreased revenue and from increased costs associated with the event. In addition, these events could cause consumer confidence and spending to decrease. We may carry insurance to generally compensate for losses of the type noted above, however, even if we obtain such insurance, it may not be adequate to cover all losses that may be incurred or continue to be available in the affected area at commercially reasonable rates and terms. To the extent any losses from natural disasters or other business disruptions are not covered by insurance, any costs, write-downs, impairments, and decreased revenue can materially adversely affect our business, our results of operations and our financial condition.

Current wording

We expect that our manufacturing and other facilities, our operations, and the operations of our third-party suppliers and technology providers are susceptible to losses and interruptions caused by floods, fires, hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes, typhoons, and similar natural disasters, as well as power outages, telecommunications failures, industrial accidents, pandemics, terrorist attacks, war and other political instability, and similar events, whether in mainland China or abroad. The occurrence of any such event in any of the regions in which we, our suppliers, or our technology providers operate could severely disrupt our operations and daily business activities by negatively impacting our supply chain, our ability to deliver products, and the cost of our products, and could adversely affect the economies of the markets in which we operate. Such events can negatively impact revenue and earnings and can significantly impact cash flow, both from decreased revenue and from increased costs associated with the event, and could cause consumer confidence and spending to decrease. All of the aforementioned risks may be further increased if our disaster recovery plans prove to be inadequate. We may carry insurance to generally compensate for losses of the type noted above, however, even if we obtain such insurance, it may not be adequate to cover all losses that may be incurred or continue to be available in the affected area at commercially reasonable rates and terms. Disruptions or downturns in global, national, or local economic conditions may also cause demand for our products and services to decline, and an economic downturn resulting in a prolonged recessionary period would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operating results. To the extent any losses from natural disasters, public health crises, political crises, or other business disruptions are not covered by insurance, any costs, write-downs, impairments, and decreased revenue can materially adversely affect our business, our results of operations and our financial condition.

Previous wording

Our ability to complete future strategic transactions could be important to the successful implementation of our business strategies, including our strategies to strengthen our geographic diversity and broaden its customer base. Successful completion of a strategic manufacturing partnership agreement or other similar transaction depends on a number of factors that are not entirely within our control, including our ability to negotiate acceptable terms, conclude satisfactory agreements and obtain all necessary regulatory approvals. In seeking to partner with another company, we may require capital investment, funding for operations, or dedicated personnel with special skills. If we need to finance this activity, we may not be able to obtain the necessary financing on satisfactory terms and within the timeframe that would permit the transaction to proceed. If any of these factors prevent us from completing one or more strategic transactions, we may not be able to expand our business in the manner and on the schedule that we plan. In addition, we may incur significant costs arising from our efforts to engage in strategic transactions. These costs may exceed the returns that we realize from a given transaction. Moreover, these expenditures may not result in the successful completion of a transaction.

Current wording

Our business strategies may depend on our ability to identify and complete strategic transactions, including acquisitions, investments, joint ventures, and strategic partnerships, to strengthen our geographic diversity and broaden our customer base. We may be unable to identify suitable opportunities, reach acceptable terms, obtain required approvals or financing, or successfully integrate completed transactions. Any such failure could limit our ability to execute our business strategies and materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition. Successful completion of a strategic manufacturing partnership agreement or other similar transaction depends on a number of factors that are not entirely within our control, including our ability to negotiate acceptable terms, conclude satisfactory agreements and obtain all necessary regulatory approvals. In seeking to partner with another company, we may require capital investment, funding for operations, or dedicated personnel with special skills. If we need to finance this activity, we may not be able to obtain the necessary financing on satisfactory terms and within the timeframe that would permit the transaction to proceed. If any of these factors prevent us from completing one or more strategic transactions, we may not be able to expand our business in the manner and on the schedule that we plan. In addition, we may incur significant costs arising from our efforts to engage in strategic transactions. These costs may exceed the returns that we realize from a given transaction. Moreover, these expenditures may not result in the successful completion of a transaction.

Previous wording

Our officers and directors are not required to, and will not, commit their full time to our affairs, which may result in a conflict of interest in allocating their time between our operations and their other occupations. Our officers may be engaged in other business endeavors for which they may be entitled to substantial compensation and our officers are not obligated to contribute any specific number of hours per week to our affairs. Our directors also serve or may serve as officers or board members for other entities. If our officers’ or directors’ other business affairs require them to devote substantial amounts of time to such affairs in excess of their current commitment levels, it could limit their ability to devote time to our affairs, which may have a negative impact on our ability to carry out our operations and goals. For a complete discussion of our officers’ and directors’ other business affairs, please see the section of this prospectus entitled “Management.”

Current wording

Our officers and directors are not required to, and will not, commit their full time to our affairs, which may result in a conflict of interest in allocating their time between our operations and their other occupations. Our officers may be engaged in other business endeavors for which they may be entitled to substantial compensation, and our officers are not obligated to contribute any specific number of hours per week to our affairs. Our directors also serve or may serve as officers or board members for other entities. If our officers’ or directors’ other business affairs require them to devote substantial amounts of time to such affairs in excess of their current commitment levels, it could limit their ability to devote time to our affairs, which may have a negative impact on our ability to carry out our operations and goals.

Previous wording

We expect to subcontract wafer fabrication services to third-party suppliers. These suppliers also offer such services to other companies, which may lead to us not having access to adequate capacity for our needs and our customers’ needs. We may have less control over delivery schedules and overall support versus other customers and users of those facilities. If the wafer foundries we use are unable or unwilling to manufacture our products in our required volumes, or at specified times, we may have to identify and qualify acceptable additional or alternative foundries. This qualification process could require significant time and capital, and we may not find sufficient capacity in a timely manner or at an acceptable cost to satisfy our production requirements.

Current wording

We expect to subcontract wafer fabrication services to third-party suppliers, including foundries. These suppliers also offer such services to other companies, and we expect to be a relatively small customer compared to larger semiconductor companies. As a result, we may not have access to adequate capacity for our needs and our customers’ needs, and we may have less control over delivery schedules, pricing, and overall support than larger customers of those facilities. Additionally, certain foundry processes critical to our products may only be available from a limited number of suppliers, creating concentration risk. If the wafer foundries we use are unable or unwilling to manufacture our products in our required volumes, or at specified times, we may have to identify and qualify acceptable additional or alternative foundries. This qualification process could require significant time and capital, and we may not find sufficient capacity in a timely manner or at an acceptable cost to satisfy our production requirements.

Previous wording

Because we will depend on third-party manufacturers to build portions of our products, we will be susceptible to manufacturing delays and pricing fluctuations that could prevent us from shipping customer orders on time, if at all, or on a cost-effective basis, which may result in the loss of sales, income, and customers.

Current wording

Because we expect to depend on third-party manufacturers to build portions of our products, we will be susceptible to manufacturing delays and pricing fluctuations that could prevent us from shipping customer orders on time, if at all, or on a cost-effective basis, which may result in the loss of sales, income, and customers.

Previous wording

Our manufacturing processes will rely on many raw materials. Generally, we expect that our agreements with suppliers of raw materials will impose no minimum or continuing supply obligations, and we will obtain our raw materials and supplies from a large number of sources on a just-in-time basis. From time to time, suppliers of raw materials may extend lead times, limit supplies, or increase prices due to capacity constraints or other factors beyond our control. Shortages could occur in various essential raw materials due to interruption of supply or increased demand. If we are unable to obtain adequate supplies of raw materials in a timely manner, the costs of our raw materials increase significantly, their quality deteriorates or they give rise to compatibility or performance issues in our products, our results of operations could be materially adversely affected. Geopolitical conflicts might unfavorably impact the availability of rare earths or rare minerals such as indium, gallium, arsenic, etc., which are used in our manufacturing processes or in the manufacturing of other components in our customers’ systems. If any country or entity decided to reduce or ration the volumes available to us, our supplier eco-system or our customers’ supply-chains, our business could be materially adversely impacted.

Current wording

Our manufacturing processes will rely on many raw materials, components, equipment, logistics providers, and third-party suppliers, including specialty materials such as indium, gallium, arsenic, and others that are essential to III-V compound semiconductor manufacturing. Generally, we expect that our agreements with suppliers of raw materials will impose no minimum or continuing supply obligations, and we will obtain our raw materials and supplies from a large number of sources on a just-in-time basis. From time to time, suppliers of raw materials may extend lead times, limit supplies, or increase prices due to capacity constraints or other factors beyond our control. Shortages could occur in various essential raw materials due to interruptions in supply, increased demand, or geopolitical factors. If we are unable to obtain adequate supplies of raw materials in a timely manner, the costs of our raw materials increase significantly, their quality deteriorates or they give rise to compatibility or performance issues in our products, our results of operations could be materially adversely affected. Geopolitical conflicts, trade restrictions, and export controls might unfavorably impact the availability of rare earths or rare minerals such as indium, gallium, arsenic, etc., which are used in our manufacturing processes or in the manufacturing of other components in our customers’ systems. China is a significant global supplier of certain critical raw materials and minerals, including materials important to the semiconductor industry, and any restrictions on exports from China or other key supplier countries, or retaliatory actions by those countries, could materially impact our supply chain and increase our costs. If any country or entity decided to reduce or ration the volumes available to us, our supplier eco-system or our customers’ supply chains, our business could be materially adversely impacted.

Previous wording

Our inability to compete effectively could materially adversely affect our business and results of operations. Products or technologies developed by competitors that are larger and have more substantial R&D budgets, or that are smaller and more targeted in their development efforts, may render our products or technologies obsolete or noncompetitive. We also may be unable to market and sell our products if they are not competitive on the basis of price, quality, technical performance, features, system compatibility, customized design, innovation, availability, delivery timing and reliability. If we fail to compete effectively on developing strategic relationships with customers and customer sales and technical support, our sales and revenue may be materially adversely affected. Competitive pressures may limit our ability to raise prices, and any inability to maintain revenue or raise prices to offset increases in costs could have a significant adverse effect on our gross margin. Reduced sales and lower gross margins would materially adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Current wording

Our inability to compete effectively could materially adversely affect our business and results of operations. Products or technologies developed by competitors that are larger and have more substantial R&D budgets, or that are smaller and more targeted in their development efforts, may render our products or technologies obsolete or noncompetitive. We also may be unable to market and sell our products if they are not competitive on the basis of price, quality, technical performance, features, system compatibility, customized design, innovation, availability, delivery timing and reliability. If we fail to compete effectively in developing strategic relationships with customers and customer sales and technical support, our sales and revenue may be materially adversely affected. Competitive pressures may limit our ability to raise prices, and any inability to maintain revenue or raise prices to offset increases in costs could have a significant adverse effect on our gross margin. Reduced sales and lower gross margins would materially adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Previous wording

The semiconductor industry is characterized by the high costs associated with developing marketable products and manufacturing technologies as well as high levels of investment in production capabilities. As a result, the semiconductor industry has experienced, and may continue to experience, significant consolidation among companies and vertical integration among customers. Larger competitors resulting from consolidations may have certain advantages over us, including, but not limited to substantially greater financial and other resources with which to withstand adverse economic or market conditions and pursue development, engineering, manufacturing, marketing, and distribution of their products; longer independent operating histories; presence in key markets; patent protection; and greater name recognition. In addition, we may be at a competitive disadvantage to our peers if we fail to identify attractive opportunities to acquire companies to expand our business. Consolidation among our competitors and integration among our customers could erode our market share, negatively impact our capacity to compete and require us to restructure our operations, any of which would have a material adverse effect on our business.

Current wording

The semiconductor industry is characterized by the high costs associated with developing marketable products and manufacturing technologies as well as high levels of investment in production capabilities. As a result, the semiconductor industry has experienced, and may continue to experience, significant consolidation among companies and vertical integration among customers. Larger competitors resulting from consolidations may have certain advantages over us, including, but not limited to substantially greater financial and other resources with which to withstand adverse economic or market conditions and pursue development, engineering, manufacturing, marketing, or distribution of their products; longer independent operating histories; presence in key markets; patent protection; and greater name recognition. In addition, we may be at a competitive disadvantage to our peers if we fail to identify attractive opportunities to acquire companies to expand our business. Consolidation among our competitors and integration among our customers could erode our market share, negatively impact our capacity to compete and require us to restructure our operations, any of which would have a material adverse effect on our business.

Previous wording

We plan to use third-party contractors for certain of our manufacturing activities. Our agreements with these manufacturers may require us to commit to purchase services based on forecasted product needs, which may be inaccurate, and, in some cases, require longer-term commitments. We will also be dependent upon a limited number of highly specialized third-party suppliers for required components and materials for certain of our key technologies. Arranging for replacement manufacturers and suppliers can be time-consuming and costly, and the number of qualified alternative providers can be extremely limited. Our business operations, productivity and customer relations could be materially adversely affected if these contractual relationships were disrupted or terminated, the cost of such services increased significantly, the quality of the services provided deteriorated, or our forecasted needs proved to be materially incorrect.

Current wording

We plan to use third-party contractors for certain of our manufacturing activities. Our agreements with these manufacturers may require us to commit to purchase services based on forecasted product needs, which may be inaccurate, and, in some cases, require longer-term commitments. We will also be dependent upon a limited number of highly specialized third-party suppliers for required components and materials for certain of our key technologies. Arranging for replacement manufacturers and suppliers can be time-consuming and costly, and the number of qualified alternative providers can be extremely limited. In addition, our foundry, packaging, integration, and other ecosystem partners may not prioritize our programs, maintain capacity for our needs, align with our technology roadmap, or meet the quality, timing, cost, or process requirements needed to scale our products. Our business operations, productivity and customer relations could be materially adversely affected if these contractual relationships were disrupted or terminated, the cost of such services increased significantly, the quality of the services provided deteriorated, or our forecasted needs proved to be materially incorrect.

Previous wording

Special authorizations, permits, licenses may be required for our operations, which if delayed or denied could materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Current wording

Special authorizations, permits, and licenses may be required for our operations, which if delayed or denied could materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Previous wording

Our future manufacturing operations may be subject to various environmental laws and regulations relating to the management, disposal and remediation of hazardous substances and the emission and discharge of pollutants into the air, water, and ground, and we may be identified as either a primary responsible party or a potentially responsible party at sites where we or our predecessors operated or disposed of waste in the past. Our operations may also be subject to laws and regulations relating to workplace safety and worker health, which, among other requirements, regulate employee exposure to various hazards including hazardous substances. We do not currently maintain environmental insurance to cover certain claims related to historical contamination and future releases of hazardous substances. Moreover, we cannot assure you that even if such insurance is purchased, that it will cover any or all of our material environmental costs. In addition, the nature of our future operations may expose us to the continuing risk of environmental and health and safety liabilities including:

Current wording

Our future manufacturing operations may be subject to various environmental laws and regulations relating to the management, disposal and remediation of hazardous substances and the emission and discharge of pollutants into the air, water, and ground, and we may be identified as either a primary responsible party or a potentially responsible party at sites where we or our predecessors operated or disposed of waste in the past. Our operations may also be subject to laws and regulations relating to workplace safety and worker health, which, among other requirements, regulate employee exposure to various hazards including hazardous substances. We do not currently maintain environmental insurance to cover certain claims related to historical contamination and future releases of hazardous substances. Moreover, we cannot assure you that even if such insurance is purchased, it will cover any or all of our material environmental costs. In addition, the nature of our future operations may expose us to the continuing risk of environmental and health and safety liabilities including:

Previous wording

We may routinely collect and store sensitive data, including IP and other proprietary information about our business and our customers, suppliers, and business partners. The secure processing, maintenance and transmission of this information will be critical to our operations and business strategy. We may be subject to disruptions or breaches of our secured network caused by computer viruses, illegal hacking, criminal fraud, or impersonation, acts of vandalism or terrorism or employee error. Our security measures and/or those of our third-party service providers and/or customers may not detect or prevent such security breaches. The costs to us to reduce the risk of or alleviate cyber security breaches and vulnerabilities could be significant, and our efforts to address these problems may not be successful and could result in interruptions and delays that may materially impede our sales, manufacturing, distribution, or other critical functions. Any such compromise of our information security could result in the misappropriation or unauthorized publication of our confidential business or proprietary information or that of other parties with which we do business, an interruption in our operations, the unauthorized transfer of cash or other of our assets, the unauthorized release of customer or employee data or a violation of privacy or other laws. In addition, computer programmers and hackers also may be able to develop and deploy viruses, worms and other malicious software programs that attack our systems, or that otherwise exploit any security vulnerabilities, and any such attack, if successful, could expose us to liability to customer claims. Any of the foregoing could irreparably damage our reputation and business, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Current wording

We may routinely collect and store sensitive data, including intellectual property, trade secrets, and other proprietary information about our business and our customers, suppliers, and business partners. The secure processing, maintenance, and transmission of this information will be critical to our operations and business strategy. We may be subject to disruptions or breaches of our secured network caused by computer viruses, ransomware, illegal hacking, social engineering attacks, criminal fraud, or impersonation, acts of vandalism or terrorism, or employee error. Our security measures and/or those of our third-party service providers and/or customers may not detect or prevent such security breaches. Threat actors, including state-sponsored actors, may target semiconductor companies to obtain intellectual property or disrupt operations. The costs to us to reduce the risk of or alleviate cybersecurity breaches and vulnerabilities could be significant, and our efforts to address these problems may not be successful and could result in interruptions and delays that may materially impede our sales, manufacturing, distribution, or other critical functions. Any such compromise of our information security could result in the misappropriation or unauthorized publication of our confidential business or proprietary information or that of other parties with which we do business, an interruption in our operations, the unauthorized transfer of cash or other of our assets, the unauthorized release of customer or employee data, or a violation of privacy or other laws, including data protection regulations. In addition, computer programmers and hackers also may be able to develop and deploy viruses, worms, and other malicious software programs that attack our systems, or that otherwise exploit any security vulnerabilities, and any such attack, if successful, could expose us to liability to customer claims. Any of the foregoing could irreparably damage our reputation and business, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Previous wording

We expect to have a diverse customer base consisting of both private sector clients and public sector clients, including the U.S. government. Sales to our private sector clients are generally expected to be based on stated contractual terms, the terms and conditions on our website or terms contained in purchase orders on a transaction-by-transaction basis. Sales to our public sector clients are generally expected to be derived from sales to federal, state, and local governmental departments and agencies through various contracts and programs, which may require compliance with regulations covering many areas of our operations, including, but not limited to, accounting practices, IP rights, information handling, and security. Noncompliance with contract terms, particularly with respect to highly regulated public sector clients, or with government procurement regulations could result in fines or penalties against us, termination of such contracts, or civil, criminal, and administrative liability to the Company. With respect to public sector clients, the government’s remedies may also include suspension or debarment from future government business. The effect of any of these possible actions or the adoption of new or modified procurement regulations or practices could materially adversely affect our business, financial position, and results of operations.

Current wording

We expect to have a diverse customer base consisting of both private sector clients and public sector clients, including the U.S. government. Sales to our private sector clients are generally expected to be based on stated contractual terms, the terms and conditions on our website or terms contained in purchase orders on a transaction-by-transaction basis. Sales to our public sector clients are generally expected to be derived from sales to federal, state, and local governmental departments and agencies through various contracts and programs, which may require compliance with regulations covering many areas of our operations, including, but not limited to, accounting practices, IP rights, information handling, and security. Noncompliance with contract terms, particularly with respect to highly regulated public sector clients, or with government procurement regulations could result in fines or penalties against us, termination of such contracts, or civil, criminal, and administrative liability to us. With respect to public sector clients, the government’s remedies may also include suspension or debarment from future government business. The effect of any of these possible actions or the adoption of new or modified procurement regulations or practices could materially adversely affect our business, financial position, and results of operations.

Previous wording

We are currently a “smaller reporting company,” meaning that we are not an investment company, an asset-backed issuer, or a majority-owned subsidiary of a parent company that is not a smaller reporting company, and we had a public float of less than $250 million and annual revenues of less than $100 million as of the last business day of our second fiscal quarter during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, which is when such determination is made. In the event that we are still considered a smaller reporting company at such time as we cease being an “emerging growth company,” we will be required to provide additional disclosure in our SEC filings. However, similar to emerging growth companies, smaller reporting companies are able to provide simplified executive compensation disclosures in their filings; are exempt from the provisions of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requiring that independent registered public accounting firms provide an attestation report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting; and have certain other decreased disclosure obligations in their SEC filings, including, among other things, only being required to provide two years of audited financial statements in annual reports and in a registration statement under the Exchange Act on Form 10. Decreased disclosures in our SEC filings due to our status as a smaller reporting company may make it harder for investors to analyze our results of operations and financial prospects. We will remain exempt from the provisions of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act until we no longer qualify as a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. Depending on when our filer status changes and we lose our ability to rely on the exemption from Section 404(b), we may not have procedures and systems in place to immediately comply with its requirements.

Current wording

We are currently a “smaller reporting company,” which allows us to provide simplified executive compensation disclosures in their filings; are exempt from the provisions of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requiring that independent registered public accounting firms provide an attestation report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting; and have certain other decreased disclosure obligations in their SEC filings, including, among other things, only being required to provide two years of audited financial statements in annual reports and registration statements. Decreased disclosures in our SEC filings due to our status as a smaller reporting company may make it harder for investors to analyze our results of operations and financial prospects. We will remain exempt from the provisions of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act until we no longer qualify as a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. Depending on when our filer status changes and we lose our ability to rely on the exemption from Section 404(b), we may not have procedures and systems in place to immediately comply with its requirements.

Previous wording

Our management identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2025, and concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were ineffective as of June 30, 2025. Management concluded that there was a material weakness in our internal controls because there was an insufficient number of personnel with appropriate technical accounting and SEC reporting expertise to adhere to certain control disciplines and to evaluate and properly record certain non-routine and complex transactions. As of August 4, 2025, we hired a full-time Chief Financial Officer who we believe will help resolve the identified material weaknesses and mitigate any material weaknesses in future periods.

Current wording

Our management identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2026, and concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were ineffective as of June 30, 2026. Management concluded that there was a material weakness in our internal controls because there was an insufficient number of personnel with appropriate technical accounting and SEC reporting expertise to adhere to certain control disciplines and to evaluate and properly record certain non-routine and complex transactions. As of August 4, 2025, we hired a full-time Chief Financial Officer, who we believe will help remediate the identified material weakness, and added accounting personnel in August 2026. However, we cannot assure you that the measures we have taken, or will take in the future, will be sufficient to remediate the material weakness or prevent additional material weaknesses from arising. We are implementing a remediation plan, which includes enhancing our technical accounting resources and internal control procedures, but we cannot provide assurance as to when remediation will be complete or that additional material weaknesses will not be identified.

Previous wording

A material weakness in internal control over financial reporting is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements would not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. If we fail to (1) remediate the significant deficiencies identified in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, (2) maintain the adequacy of internal control over our financial reporting with regard to the financial condition and results of operations of the Company, or (3) remediate the material weakness identified in our internal controls over financial reporting, we probably will not be able to conclude that we have effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of Sarbanes Oxley, as such standards are modified, supplemented or amended from time to time. Also, such ineffective controls could impair our ability to report quarterly and annual financial results, or other information required to be disclosed, in a timely and accurate manner and could cause our financial reporting to be unreliable, leading to misinformation being disseminated to the public. In addition, other material weaknesses may be identified in the future. If we are unable to correct deficiencies in internal controls in a timely manner, our ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information accurately and within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms will be adversely affected. These failures could negatively affect the market price and trading liquidity of our common stock, cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, subject us to civil and criminal investigations and penalties, and generally materially and adversely impact our business and financial condition.

Current wording

A material weakness in internal control over financial reporting is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements would not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. If we fail to (1) remediate the significant deficiencies identified in our internal control over financial reporting, (2) maintain the adequacy of internal control over our financial reporting with regard to our financial condition and results of operations, or (3) remediate the material weakness identified in our internal controls over financial reporting, we probably will not be able to conclude that we have effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of Sarbanes Oxley, as such standards are modified, supplemented or amended from time to time. Also, such ineffective controls could impair our ability to report quarterly and annual financial results, or other information required to be disclosed, in a timely and accurate manner and could cause our financial reporting to be unreliable, leading to misinformation being disseminated to the public. In addition, other material weaknesses may be identified in the future. If we are unable to correct deficiencies in internal controls in a timely manner, our ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information accurately and within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms will be adversely affected. These failures could negatively affect the market price and trading liquidity of our common stock, cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, subject us to civil and criminal investigations and penalties, and generally materially and adversely impact our business and financial condition.

Previous wording

Proper systems of internal controls over financial accounting and disclosure are critical to the operation of a public company. As we are a start-up company, we are at the very early stages of establishing, and we may be unable to effectively establish such systems, especially in light of the fact that we expect to operate as a publicly reporting company. This would leave us without the ability to reliably assimilate and compile financial information about the Company and significantly impair our ability to prevent error and detect fraud, all of which would have a negative impact on the Company from many perspectives.

Current wording

Proper systems of internal controls over financial accounting and disclosure are critical to the operation of a public company. As we are a start-up company, we are at the very early stages of establishing, and we may be unable to effectively establish such systems, especially in light of the fact that we are a public company. This would leave us without the ability to reliably assimilate and compile financial information about us and significantly impair our ability to prevent errors and detect fraud, all of which would have a negative impact on us from many perspectives.

Previous wording

Moreover, we do not expect that disclosure controls or internal control over financial reporting, even if established, will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. Failure of our control systems to prevent error or fraud could materially adversely impact us.

Current wording

Moreover, we do not expect that disclosure controls or internal control over financial reporting, even if established, will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. Failure of our control systems to prevent error or fraud could materially adversely impact us.

Previous wording

Our officers, directors, and 5%+ stockholders own a significant percentage of our outstanding voting securities, which could reduce the ability of minority stockholders to effect certain corporate actions.

Current wording

Our officers, directors, and significant stockholders own a significant percentage of our outstanding voting securities, which could reduce the ability of minority stockholders to effect certain corporate actions.

Previous wording

Collectively, our officers and directors own an aggregate of 2,066,250 shares of our common stock, or approximately 13% of our outstanding voting securities. We also have two stockholders who own over 5% of our common stock on an individual basis. As a result, such persons may exert a substantial influence on actions requiring a shareholder vote, potentially in a manner that you do not support, including amendments to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and approval of major corporate transactions. Such persons are expected to have significant influence over a decision to enter into any corporate transaction. Such concentration of voting power could have the effect of delaying, deterring, or preventing a change of control or other business combination, which could, in turn, have an adverse effect on the market price of our Common Stock or prevent our shareholders from realizing a premium over the then-prevailing market price for their Common Stock.

Current wording

Collectively, our officers and directors own an aggregate of 2,593,010 shares of our common stock, or approximately 13.3% of our outstanding voting securities as of June 30, 2026. We also have two stockholders who own over 5% of our common stock on an individual basis. As a result, such persons may exert a substantial influence on actions requiring a stockholder vote, potentially in a manner that you do not support, including amendments to our certificate of incorporation and approval of major corporate transactions. Such persons are expected to have significant influence over a decision to enter into any corporate transaction. Such concentration of voting power could have the effect of delaying, deterring, or preventing a change of control or other business combination, which could, in turn, have an adverse effect on the market price of our Common Stock or prevent our stockholders from realizing a premium over the then-prevailing market price for their Common Stock.

Previous wording

In addition, our board of directors is and will be divided into three classes, each of which will generally serve for a term of three years with only one class of directors being elected in each year. As a consequence of our “staggered” board of directors, only a minority of the board of directors will be considered for election and our officers and directors, because of their ownership position, will have considerable influence regarding the outcome.

Current wording

In addition, our board of directors is divided into three classes, each of which generally serves for a term of three years, with only one class of directors being elected in each year. As a consequence of our “staggered” board of directors, only a minority of the board of directors will be considered for election, and our officers and directors, because of their ownership position, will have considerable influence regarding the outcome.

Previous wording

Provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws and Delaware law may inhibit a takeover of us, which could limit the price investors might be willing to pay in the future for our common stock.

Current wording

Provisions in our certificate of incorporation, bylaws and Delaware law may inhibit a takeover of us, which could limit the price investors might be willing to pay in the future for our common stock.

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Rearranged previous paragraphs (2)

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

Changes to regulatory agencies could pose risks related to our business operations and financial outlook.

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

Our business could be adversely affected by natural disasters, public health crises, political crises, economic downturns or other unexpected events.