WORK Medical Technology Group LTD
For the period ended Sep 30, 2025. Filed Jan 30, 2026.
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The yearly report of a company based outside the US. It covers much of what a 10-K does, and may follow accounting rules other than US ones.
FY2025 · Filed Jan 30, 2026
Contents
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Item 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
A. Share Capital
Dual Class Ordinary Shares Restructuring
On February 5, 2025, at the 2024 annual general meeting of shareholders (the “2024 AGM”) of the Company, the shareholders of the Company passed resolutions to (i) increase the Company’s authorized share capital; (ii) re-designate and re-classify the Company’s authorized share capital; and (iii) adopt amended and restated memorandum and articles of association to reflect the share capital increase, the share re-designation and re-classification, and the terms of the re-designated and re-classified shares of the Company.
As a result, immediately following the 2024 AGM, the Company’s authorized share capital was increased (the “Share Capital Increase”), and re-designated and re-classified from US$50,000 divided into 100,000,000 ordinary shares of par value US$0.0005 each to US$250,000 divided into 400,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares of par value US$0.0005 each, with each Class A Ordinary Share entitled to one vote on matters to be decided by way of a poll, and 100,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares of par value US$0.0005 each, with each Class B Ordinary Share entitled to 20 votes on matters to be decided by way of a poll (the “Share Capital Reorganization”).
On April 8, 2025, the Company issued 6,250,000, 717,500, and 625,000 Class B Ordinary Shares to three shareholders, LWY GROUP LTD, JPY GROUP LTD, and ZLW GROUP LTD, respectively, and repurchased a corresponding number of Class A Ordinary Shares from such shareholders (the “Share Issuance and Repurchase,” and together with the Share Capital Increase and the Share Capital Reorganization, the “Dual Class Restructuring”).
Underwritten Follow-on Offering in May 2025
On May 22, 2025, the Company closed an underwritten follow-on offering and sale of 10,000,000 ordinary units, with each ordinary unit consisting of (i) one Class A Ordinary Share, par value $0.0005 per share (ii) one Series A warrant to purchase one Class A Ordinary Share, and (iii) one Series B warrant to purchase one Class A Ordinary Share. Each ordinary unit was priced at $0.50. The Company generated gross proceeds of $5,000,000, before deducting underwriting discounts, non-accountable expense allowance, and offering expenses payable by the Company.
Net proceeds are expected to be used for production capacity upgrades, R&D investments, strengthening internal controls, investing in PRC subsidiaries, and working capital. Warrants issued in the Offering contain adjustment provisions for share combination events, including zero-price exercise mechanics. These adjustments and their implications are described in the related underwriting agreement and warrant instruments filed as exhibits to Form 6-K on May 22, 2025.
Registered Direct Offering in September 2025
On August 29, 2025, the Company filed a shelf registration statement on Form F-3 (File No. 333-289943) with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, which became effective on September 15, 2025. The Form F-3 shelf registration statement provides a base prospectus covering the offer and sale of up to US$300,000,000 of Class A ordinary shares, debt securities, warrants, rights and units comprised of one or more of the foregoing securities. Subsequent offerings conducted under the Form F-3 shelf registration statement are included in the following paragraphs.
On September 25, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with a certain institutional investor named therein, pursuant to which, the Company agreed to issue and sell, in the registered direct offering: (i) 22,055,096 Class A Ordinary Shares, par value $0.0005 per Class A ordinary Share; and (ii) 16,944,238 pre-funded warrants to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares. The purchase price for each Class A Ordinary Share was $0.075 and the purchase price for each Pre-Funded Warrant was $0.075. The Company received approximately $2.9 million in gross proceeds from such transaction, before deducting placement agent fees and estimated offering expenses.
The purchase agreement provides for a beneficial ownership limitation, generally capped at 4.99% of the Company’s outstanding Ordinary Shares post-closing (or 9.99% at the holder’s election), which limits the number of shares issuable to a single investor. If a purchaser would exceed this cap upon settlement, such portion of the subscription is issued as pre-funded warrants instead of shares. The warrants and pre-funded warrants are subject to customary adjustments, including reverse and share splits, share dividends, share combinations, or similar transactions relating to Ordinary Shares. The material terms of these adjustments and limitations are set forth in the Securities Purchase Agreement filed as an exhibit to Form 6-K on September 29, 2025.
Share Consolidation and Share Capital Increase in September 2025
On September 12, 2025, the Company held an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders (the “September EGM”). During the September EGM, the shareholders passed certain resolutions with respect to: (i) one or more share consolidations (the “September Proposed Share Consolidations”) of all of the authorized, issued, and outstanding shares of the Company (collectively, the “Shares”), each at such consolidation ratio and with such effective time as the board of directors of the Company (the “Board”) may determine in its sole discretion; provided, however, that the accumulated consolidation ratio for any and all such share consolidations shall be no less than 2:1 nor greater than 250:1, with such consolidated Shares having the same rights and being subject to the same restrictions (save as to nominal value) as the then existing shares of each class as set out in the Company’s then existing amended and restated memorandum and articles of association; (ii) an increase in the Company’s authorized share capital (the “September Proposed Share Capital Increase”) from US$250,000 divided into 400,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares of par value US$0.0005 each and 100,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares of par value US$0.0005 each, to a maximum of US$10,000,000 divided into Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares, in each case, of the then current par value, as a result of the share consolidation(s) at a ratio of four Class A Ordinary Shares for every one Class B Ordinary Shares; such share capital increase to be conditional upon approval by the Board, in its sole discretion, and to take effect on such date as the Board may determine, within one year from the date of the September EGM; and (iii) the adoption of an amended and restated memorandum of association to reflect the September Proposed Share Consolidations and/or the September Proposed Share Capital Increase.
On September 29, 2025, the Board passed certain resolutions with respect to (i) a consolidation of the Shares at the ratio of 100:1 (the “September Share Consolidation”); (ii) an increase in the Company’s authorized share capital from US$250,000 divided into 400,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares of par value US$0.0005 each and 100,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares of par value US$0.0005 each, to US$10,000,000 divided into 160,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares of par value US$0.05 each and 40,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares of par value US$0.05 each (the “September Share Capital Increase”); and (iii) the adoption of an amended and restated memorandum of association in substitution for, and to the entire exclusion of, the Company’s then existing memorandum of association, to reflect the September Share Consolidation and the September Share Capital Increase.
The September Share Consolidation was implemented so that the Company can expeditiously meet the continued listing standard of the Nasdaq Stock Market. The Company’s Class A Ordinary Shares began trading on a post-split basis on October 21, 2025. Upon the effectiveness of the September Share Consolidation, the total number of outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares of the Company was reduced from 95,998,776 to 960,012 (after rounding up fractional shares), and the total number of outstanding Class B Ordinary Shares of the Company was reduced from 7,592,500 to 75,925.
Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders in November 2025
The Company held an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders on November 7, 2025 (the “November EGM”). During the November EGM, the shareholders passed certain resolutions with respect to: (i) an increase in the authorized share capital of the Company from US$10,000,000 divided into 160,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares of par value US$0.05 each and 40,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares of par value US$0.05 each, to US$100,000,000 divided into 1,600,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares of par value US$0.05 each and 400,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares of par value US$0.05 each (the “November Share Capital Increase”); (ii) the adoption of an amended and restated memorandum and articles of association in substitution for, and to the exclusion of, the Company’s then existing memorandum and articles of association, to reflect the November Share Capital Increase; (iii) the ratification of the September Share Consolidation and the September Share Capital Increase; (iv) the revocation of any further or residual authority delegated by the shareholders in the September EGM authorizing the Company to undertake further share consolidations; (v) the approval of one or more share consolidations of the Shares (the “November Proposed Share Consolidation”), each at such consolidation ratio and with such effective time as the Board may determine in its sole discretion; provided, however, that the accumulated consolidation ratio for any and all such share consolidations shall be no less than 2:1 nor greater than 250:1, with such consolidated Shares having the same rights and being subject to the same restrictions (save as to nominal value) as the existing Shares of each class as set out in the Company’s existing amended and restated memorandum and articles of association; and (vi) the adoption of a further amended and restated memorandum of association to reflect any November Proposed Share Consolidation.
On November 29, 2025, the Board passed certain resolutions with respect to (i) a consolidation of the Shares at the ratio of 100:1 with an effective date of December 19, 2025 (the “November Share Consolidation)”; and (ii) the adoption of an amended and restated memorandum of association in substitution for, and to the entire exclusion of, the Company’s existing memorandum of association, to reflect the November Proposed Share Consolidation.
The effective date of the Share Consolidation was December 19, 2025 (the “Effective Date”), which was reflected on the Nasdaq marketplace at the opening of business on December 29, 2025, whereupon the Company’s Class A Ordinary Shares began trading on a post-consolidation basis. Upon the effectiveness of the November Share Consolidation, the total number of outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares of the Company was reduced from 121,925,481 to 1,219,255, and the total number of outstanding Class B Ordinary Shares of the Company was reduced from 75,925 to 760.
B. Memorandum and Articles of Association
We are an exempted company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands. Our corporate affairs are governed by our amended and restated memorandum of association and articles of association, the Cayman Companies Act, and the common law of the Cayman Islands.
We incorporate by reference into this annual report the description of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, which is filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this annual report on Form 20-F.
Registered Office
Our registered office in the Cayman Islands is at the offices of Harneys Fiduciary (Cayman) Limited, 4th Floor, Harbour Place, 103 South Church Street, P.O. Box 10240, Grand Cayman, KY1-1002, Cayman Islands.
Board of Directors
See “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees.”
Ordinary Shares
General
Under our amended and restated articles of association, the objects of our Company are unrestricted and we have the full power and authority to carry out any object not prohibited by the law of the Cayman Islands. Our Ordinary Shares are issued in registered form and are issued when registered in our register of members. Unless the directors determine otherwise, each holder of our Ordinary Shares will not receive a certificate in respect of such Ordinary Shares. Our shareholders who are non-residents of the Cayman Islands may freely hold and vote their Ordinary Shares. We may not issue shares or warrants to bearer.
Dividends
Subject to the provisions of the Cayman Companies Act and any rights attaching to any class or classes of shares under and in accordance with the amended and restated articles of association:
| (a) | the directors may declare dividends or distributions out of our funds which are lawfully available for that purpose; and |
| (b) | our shareholders may, by ordinary resolution, declare dividends but no such dividend shall exceed the amount recommended by the directors. |
Subject to the requirements of the Cayman Companies Act regarding the application of a company’s share premium account and with the sanction of an ordinary resolution, dividends may also be declared and paid out of any share premium account. The directors when paying dividends to shareholders may make such payment either in cash or in specie.
Unless provided by the rights attached to a share, no dividend shall bear interest.
Voting Rights
The holder of an Ordinary Share shall (in respect of such Ordinary Share) have the right to receive notice of, attend at and vote as a shareholder at any general meeting of the Company.
Voting at any meeting of shareholders is by show of hands unless a poll is demanded. A poll may be demanded by the chairperson of such meeting, by at least two shareholders having the right to vote on the resolutions or any one shareholder, present in person or by proxy, who, individually or collectively, hold at least ten per cent of the voting rights of all those who have a right to vote on the resolution.
Each holder of Class A Ordinary Shares shall, on a poll, be entitled to one vote for each Class A Ordinary Share he or she holds and each holder of Class B Ordinary Shares shall, on a poll, be entitled to exercise 20 votes for each Class B Ordinary Share he or she holds on any and all matters. On a show of hands, every shareholder shall have one vote.
Shareholders may vote in person or by proxy.
An ordinary resolution to be passed at a meeting by the shareholders requires the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the votes attaching to the Ordinary Shares cast at a meeting, while a special resolution requires the affirmative vote of no less than two-thirds of the votes cast attaching to the outstanding Ordinary Shares at a meeting. A special resolution will be required for certain matters prescribed by our Articles and the Companies Act, such as a change of name or making changes to our memorandum and articles of association. Our shareholders may, among other things, appoint and remove directors and approve certain share capital restructures by ordinary resolution.
Conversion Rights
Each Class B Ordinary Share is convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at any time after the date of issuance of such share into one fully paid and non-assessable Class A Ordinary Share.
The directors shall at all times reserve and keep available out of the Company’s authorized but unissued Class A Ordinary Shares, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the Class B Ordinary Shares, such number of its Class A Ordinary Shares as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding Class B Ordinary Shares; and if at any time the number of authorized but unissued Class A Ordinary Shares shall not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then outstanding Class B Ordinary Shares, in addition to such other remedies as shall be available to the holders of such Class B Ordinary Shares, the directors will take such action as may be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued Class A Ordinary Shares to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purposes.
All conversions of Class B Ordinary Shares to Class A Ordinary Shares shall be effected by way of redemption or repurchase by the Company of the relevant Class B Ordinary Shares and the simultaneous issue of Class A Ordinary Shares in consideration for such redemption or repurchase. Shareholders and the Company will procure that any and all necessary corporate actions are taken to effect such conversion.
Variation of Rights of Shares
Whenever our capital is divided into different classes of shares, the rights attaching to any class of shares (unless otherwise provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class) may be varied either with the consent in writing of the holders of not less than two-thirds of the issued shares of that class, or with the sanction of a resolution passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the holders of shares of the class present in person or by proxy at a separate general meeting of the holders of shares of that class.
Unless the terms on which a class of shares was issued state otherwise, the rights conferred on the shareholder holding shares of any class shall not be deemed to be varied by the creation or issue of further shares ranking pari passu with the existing shares of that class.
Alteration of Share Capital
Subject to the Companies Act, our shareholders may from time to time by ordinary resolution:
| ● | increase the share capital by such sum, to be divided into shares of such classes and amount, as the resolution prescribes; |
| ● | consolidate and divide all or any of our share capital into shares of a larger amount than our existing shares; |
| ● | convert all or any of its paid up shares into stock and reconvert the stock into paid up shares of any denomination; |
| ● | sub-divide our existing shares, or any of them into shares of a smaller amount than that fixed by our Articles; provided that in the subdivision the proportion between the amount paid and the amount, if any, unpaid on each reduced share will be the same as it was in case of the share from which the reduced share is derived; and |
| ● | cancel any shares which, at the date of the passing of the resolution, have not been taken or agreed to be taken by any person and diminish the amount of our share capital by the amount of the shares so cancelled or, in the case of shares without nominal par value, diminish the number of shares into which our capital is divided. |
Calls on Shares and Forfeiture
Our Board of Directors may from time to time make calls upon shareholders for any amounts unpaid on their Ordinary Shares in a notice served to such shareholders at least 14 clear days prior to the specified time and place of payment. Any Ordinary Shares that have been called upon and remain unpaid are subject to forfeiture. Our Board of Directors may deduct from a dividend or any other amount payable to a person in respect of an Ordinary Share any amount due by that person to the Company on a call or otherwise in relation to an Ordinary Share.
Unclaimed Dividend
A dividend that remains unclaimed for a period of six years after it became due for payment shall be forfeited to, and shall cease to remain owing by, the Company.
Forfeiture or Surrender of Shares
Our Board of Directors may from time to time make calls upon shareholders for any amounts unpaid on their Ordinary Shares in a notice served to such shareholders at least 14 clear days prior to the specified time and place of payment. Any Ordinary Shares that have been called upon and remain unpaid are subject to forfeiture. Our Board of Directors may deduct from a dividend or any other amount payable to a person in respect of an Ordinary Share any amount due by that person to the Company on a call or otherwise in relation to an Ordinary Share.
In addition, under the Companies Act, our Company may accept the surrender of any fully paid share for no consideration unless, as a result of the surrender, the surrender would result in there being no shares outstanding (other than shares held as treasury shares).
Share Premium Account
The directors shall establish a share premium account and shall carry the credit of such account from time to time to a sum equal to the amount or value of the premium paid on the issue of any share or capital contributed or such other amounts required by the Companies Act.
Redemption and Purchase of Own Shares
Subject to the Companies Act and any rights for the time being conferred on the shareholders holding a particular class of shares, we may by action of our directors:
| 1. | issue shares that are to be redeemed or liable to be redeemed, at our option or the shareholder holding those redeemable shares, on the terms and in the manner our directors determine before the issue of those shares; |
| 2. | with the consent by special resolution of the shareholders holding shares of a particular class, vary the rights attaching to that class of shares so as to provide that those shares are to be redeemed or are liable to be redeemed at our option on the terms and in the manner which the directors determine at the time of such variation; and |
| 3. | purchase all or any of our own shares of any class including any redeemable shares on the terms and in the manner which the directors determine at the time of such purchase. |
We may make a payment in respect of the redemption or purchase of its own shares in any manner authorized by the Companies Act, including out of any combination of capital, our profits and the proceeds of a fresh issue of shares.
When making a payment in respect of the redemption or purchase of shares, the directors may make the payment in cash or in specie (or partly in one and partly in the other) if so authorized by the terms of the allotment of those shares or by the terms applying to those shares, or otherwise by agreement with the shareholder holding those shares.
Under the Companies Act, the redemption or repurchase of any share may be paid out of our Company’s profits or out of the proceeds of a new issue of shares made for the purpose of such redemption or repurchase, or out of capital (including share premium account and capital redemption reserve). If the repurchase proceeds are paid out of our Company’s capital, our Company must, immediately following such payment, be able to pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business. In addition, under the Companies Act, no such share may be redeemed or repurchased (a) unless it is fully paid up, (b) if such redemption or repurchase would result in there being no shares outstanding and (c) unless the manner of purchase (if not so authorized under the articles of association) has first been authorized by a resolution of our shareholders.
Transfer of Shares
Provided that a transfer of Ordinary Shares complies with applicable rules of the SEC, Nasdaq Capital Market, and federal and state security laws of the United States, a shareholder may transfer Ordinary Shares to another person by completing an instrument of transfer in a common form or in a form prescribed by Nasdaq Capital Market or in any other form approved by the directors, executed:
| (a) | where the Ordinary Shares are fully paid, by or on behalf of that shareholder; and |
| (b) | where the Ordinary Shares are partly paid, by or on behalf of that shareholder and the transferee. |
Our Board of Directors may, in its absolute discretion, decline to register any transfer of any Ordinary Share.
The directors may also, but are not required to, decline to register any transfer of any Ordinary Share unless:
| (a) | the instrument of transfer is lodged with the Company, accompanied by the certificate (if any) for the Ordinary Shares to which it relates and such other evidence as the board may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer; |
| (b) | the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of Ordinary Shares; |
| (c) | the instrument of transfer is properly stamped, if required; |
| (d) | in the case of a transfer to joint holders, the number of joint holders to whom the Ordinary Share is to be transferred does not exceed four; |
| (e) | the Ordinary Shares transferred are fully paid up and free of any lien in favor of the Company; and |
| (f) | any applicable fee of such maximum sum as the Nasdaq may determine to be payable, or such lesser sum as the board may from time to time require, related to the transfer is paid to the Company. |
If our directors refuse to register a transfer they shall, within three months after the date on which the instrument of transfer was lodged, send to each of the transferor and the transferee notice of such refusal.
This, however, is unlikely to affect market transactions of the Class A Ordinary Shares listed on Nasdaq or purchased by investors in the public offering. Since the Class A Ordinary Shares were listed, the legal title to such Class A Ordinary Shares and the registration details of those Class A Ordinary Shares in the Company’s register of members have remained with VStock Transfer LLC. All market transactions with respect to those Class A Ordinary Shares will then be carried out without the need for any kind of registration by the directors, as the market transactions will all be conducted through the DTC systems.
The registration of transfers may, after compliance with any notice required of the Nasdaq Capital Market, be suspended and the register closed at such times and for such periods as our Board of Directors may from time to time determine, provided, however, that the registration of transfers shall not be suspended nor the register closed for more than 30 days in any calendar year as our board may determine.
Inspection of Books and Records
Holders of our Ordinary Shares will have no general right under Cayman Islands law to inspect or obtain copies of our list of shareholders or our corporate records (other than copies of the memorandum and articles of association, register of mortgages and charges, and any special resolutions passed by shareholders). Under Cayman Islands law, the names of our current directors can be obtained from a search conducted at the Registrar of Companies. Pursuant to our articles of association, shareholders will not have any right to inspect any account or book or document of the Company except as conferred by Companies Act or as authorized by our directors or by an ordinary resolution of our shareholders. However, we will provide our shareholders with annual audited financial statements.
General Meetings
As a Cayman Islands exempted company, we are not obliged by the Companies Act to call shareholders’ annual general meetings. Accordingly, we may, but shall not be obliged to, in each year hold a general meeting as an annual general meeting. Any annual general meeting held shall be held at such time and place as may be determined by our board of directors. All general meetings other than annual general meetings shall be called extraordinary general meetings.
The directors may convene general meetings whenever they think fit. General meetings shall also be convened on the written requisition of one or more of the shareholders entitled to attend and vote at our general meetings who (together) hold at least ten percent of the rights to vote at such general meeting in accordance with the notice provisions in the articles, specifying the purpose of the meeting and signed by each of the shareholders making the requisition. If the directors do not convene such meeting for a date not later than 21 clear days’ after the date of receipt of the written requisition, those shareholders who requested the meeting may convene the general meeting themselves within three months after the end of such period of 21 clear days in which case reasonable expenses incurred by them as a result of the directors failing to convene a meeting shall be reimbursed by us.
At least 5 clear days’ notice of an extraordinary general meeting and 5 clear days’ notice of an annual general meeting shall be given to shareholders entitled to attend and vote at such meeting. The notice shall specify the place, the day and the hour of the meeting and the general nature of that business. In addition, if a resolution is proposed as a special resolution, the text of that resolution shall be given to all shareholders. Notice of every general meeting shall also be given to the directors and our auditors.
Subject to the Companies Act and with the consent of the shareholders who, individually or collectively, hold at least 90 percent of the voting rights of all those who have a right to vote at a general meeting, a general meeting may be convened on shorter notice.
A quorum required for any general meeting of shareholders consists of one or more shareholders present or by proxy, holding shares which carry in aggregate not less than one-third of all votes attaching to all of our shares in issue and entitled to vote at such general meeting.
If, within 15 minutes from the time appointed for the general meeting, or at any time during the meeting, a quorum is not present, the meeting, if convened upon the requisition of shareholders, shall be cancelled. In any other case it shall stand adjourned to the same time and place seven days or to such other time or place as is determined by the directors.
The chairman may, with the consent of a meeting at which a quorum is present, adjourn the meeting. When a meeting is adjourned for seven days or more, notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given in accordance with the articles of association.
Directors
We may by ordinary resolution, from time to time, fix the maximum and minimum number of directors to be appointed. Under the articles, we are required to have a minimum of one director and the maximum number of directors shall be unlimited.
Any appointment may be to fill a vacancy or as an additional director.
Unless the remuneration of the directors is determined by the shareholders by ordinary resolution, the directors shall be entitled to such remuneration as the directors may determine.
The shareholding qualification for directors may be fixed by our shareholders by ordinary resolution and unless and until so fixed no share qualification shall be required.
Unless removed or re-appointed, each director shall be appointed for a term expiring at the next-following annual general meeting, if one is held. At any annual general meeting held, our directors will be elected by an ordinary resolution of our shareholders. At each annual general meeting, each director so elected shall hold office for a one-year term and until the election of their respective successors in office or removed.
A director may at any time resign or retire from office by giving us notice in writing. Unless the notice specifies a different date, the director shall be deemed to have resigned on the date that the notice is delivered to us.
Our officers are appointed by and serve at the discretion of our board of directors.
Subject to the provisions of our Articles (which include the removal of a director by ordinary resolution), the office of a director may be terminated forthwith if (a) he is prohibited by the laws of the Cayman Islands from acting as a director, (b) he is made bankrupt or makes an arrangement or composition with his creditors generally, (c) he resigns his office by notice to us, (d) he only held office as a director for a fixed term and such term expires, (e) in the opinion of a registered medical practitioner by whom he is being treated he becomes physically or mentally incapable of acting as a director, (f) he is given notice by the majority of the other directors (not being less than two in number) to vacate office (without prejudice to any claim for damages for breach of any agreement relating to the provision of the services of such director), (g) he is made subject to any law relating to mental health or incompetence, whether by court order or otherwise, or (h) without the consent of the other directors, he is absent from meetings of directors for continuous period of six months.
Each of the compensation committee and the nominating and corporate governance committee shall consist of at least three directors and the majority of the committee members shall be independent within the meaning of Rule 5605(a)(2) of the Listing Rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market. The audit committee shall consist of at least three directors, all of whom shall be independent within the meaning of Rule 5605(a)(2) of the Listing Rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market and will meet the criteria for independence set forth in Rule 10A-3 or Rule 10C-1 of the Exchange Act.
Powers and Duties of Directors
Under Cayman Islands law, directors and officers owe the following fiduciary duties:
| (i) | duty to act in good faith in what the director or officer believes to be in the best interests of the company as a whole; |
| (ii) | duty to exercise powers for the purposes for which those powers were conferred and not for a collateral purpose; |
| (iii) | directors should not properly fetter the exercise of future discretion; |
| (iv) | duty not to put themselves in a position in which there is a conflict between their duty to the company and their personal interests; and |
| (v) | duty to exercise independent judgment. |
In addition to the above, directors also owe a duty of care which is not fiduciary in nature. This duty has been defined as a requirement to act as a reasonably diligent person having both the general knowledge, skill and experience that may reasonably be expected of a person carrying out the same functions as are carried out by that director in relation to the company and the general knowledge skill and experience which that director has.
As set out above, directors have a duty not to put themselves in a position of conflict and this includes a duty not to engage in self-dealing, or to otherwise benefit as a result of their position. However, in some instances what would otherwise be a breach of this duty can be forgiven and/or authorized in advance by the shareholders provided that there is full disclosure by the directors. This can be done by way of permission granted in the memorandum and articles of association or alternatively by shareholder approval at general meetings.
Accordingly, as a result of multiple business affiliations, our officers and directors may have similar legal obligations relating to presenting business opportunities meeting the above-listed criteria to multiple entities. In addition, conflicts of interest may arise when our board evaluates a particular business opportunity with respect to the above-listed criteria. We cannot assure you that any of the afore-mentioned conflicts will be resolved in our favor. Furthermore, each of our officers and directors has pre-existing fiduciary obligations to other businesses of which they are officers or directors.
Our Company has the right to seek damages if a duty owed by our directors is breached. A shareholder may in certain limited exceptional circumstances have the right to seek damages in our name if a duty owed by our directors is breached.
In fulfilling their duty of care to us, our directors must ensure compliance with our memorandum and articles of association as may be amended from time to time. Our Company has a right to seek damages against any director who breaches a duty owed to us.
Our directors have all the powers necessary for managing, and for directing and supervising, our business affairs.
Capitalization of Profits
The directors may resolve to capitalize:
| (a) | any part of our profits not required for paying any preferential dividend (whether or not those profits are available for distribution); or |
| (b) | any sum standing to the credit of our share premium account or capital redemption reserve, if any. |
The amount resolved to be capitalized must be appropriated to the shareholders who would have been entitled to it had it been distributed by way of dividend and in the same proportions.
Winding Up; Liquidation
Upon the winding up of our Company, after the full amount that holders of any issued shares ranking senior to the Ordinary Shares as to distribution on liquidation or winding up are entitled to receive has been paid or set aside for payment, the holders of our Ordinary Shares are entitled to receive any remaining assets of our Company available for distribution as determined by the liquidator. The shareholders may, subject to our Articles and any other sanction required by the Companies Act, pass a special resolution allowing the liquidator to do either or both of the following:
| ● | to divide in specie among the shareholders the whole or any part of our assets and, for that purpose, to value any assets and to determine how the division shall be carried out as between the shareholders or different classes of shareholders; and |
| ● | to vest the whole or any part of the assets in trustees for the benefit of shareholders and those liable to contribute to the winding up. |
The directors have the authority to present a petition for our winding up to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands on our behalf without the sanction of a resolution passed at a general meeting.
Register of Members
Under the Companies Act, we must keep a register of members and there should be entered therein:
| ● | the names and addresses of our members, and, a statement of the shares held by each member, which: |
| ● | distinguishes each share by its number (so long as the share has a number); |
| ● | confirms the amount paid, or agreed to be considered as paid, on the shares of each member; |
| ● | confirms the number and category of shares held by each member; and |
| ● | confirms whether each relevant category of shares held by a member carries voting rights under the articles of association of the company, and if so, whether such voting rights are conditional |
| ● | the date on which the name of any person was entered on the register as a member; and |
| ● | the date on which any person ceased to be a member. |
Under Cayman Islands law, the register of members of our Company is prima facie evidence of the matters set out therein (i.e., the register of members will raise a presumption of fact on the matters referred to above unless rebutted) and a member registered in the register of members is deemed as a matter of Cayman Islands law to have legal title to the shares as set against its name in the register of members. Once our register of members has been updated, the shareholders recorded in the register of members will be deemed to have legal title to the shares set against their name.
If the name of any person is incorrectly entered in or omitted from our register of members or if there is any default or unnecessary delay in entering on the register the fact of any person having ceased to be a member of our Company, the person or member aggrieved (or any member of our Company or our Company itself) may apply to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands for an order that the register be rectified. The Court may either refuse such application or it may, if satisfied of the justice of the case, make an order for the rectification of the register.
C. Material Contracts
Sales Agreement with AC Sunshine Securities in November 2025
On November 20, 2025, the Company entered into a sales agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with AC Sunshine Securities, LLC (the “Sales Agent”), acting as the Company’s sales agent, pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell, from time to time, through the Sales Agent Class A ordinary shares, par value $0.05 per share.
The Company is not obligated to sell any shares under the Sales Agreement. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement, the Sales Agent will use commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices, applicable state and federal law, rules and regulations, and the rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market to sell shares from time to time based upon the Company’s instructions, including any price, time, or size limits specified by the Company. Upon delivery of a sales notice, and subject to the Company’s instructions in that notice, and the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement generally, the Sales Agent may sell the Class A Ordinary Shares by any method permitted by law deemed to be an “at the market offering” as defined by Rule 415(a)(4) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company will pay the Sales Agent a commission of 3.5% of the aggregate gross proceeds from each sale of Class A Ordinary Shares and has agreed to provide the Sales Agent with customary indemnification rights. The Company has also agreed to reimburse the Sales Agent for certain specified expenses.
Class A Ordinary Shares will be offered and sold pursuant to the prospectus supplement, dated November 21, 2025, to the registration statement on Form F-3 (Registration Number 333-289943), filed by the Company on August 29, 2025 (the “Registration Statement”), that forms a part of such Registration Statement, for an aggregate offering price of up to $200,000,000.
The foregoing summary of the Sales Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the form of the Sales Agreement, which is attached as Exhibit 4.29 to this annual report.
Securities Purchase Agreement with LWY GROUP LTD in December 2025
On December 30, 2025, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”) with LWY GROUP LTD, an existing shareholder wholly owned by Baiming Yu. Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, LWY GROUP agreed to purchase 100,000 Class B Ordinary Shares from the Company for an aggregate purchase price of US$500,000 in a transaction conducted under Regulation S of the Securities Act of 1933. The transaction was approved by the audit committee and the board of directors and was expected to close on or about January 13, 2026.
As a result of the above transaction, Baiming Yu, through LWY GROUP, will beneficially own 100,625 Class B ordinary shares of the Company, representing 2,012,500 votes on matters to be decided by way of a poll and approximately 55.30% of the aggregate voting power of the Company’s outstanding Ordinary Shares.
The foregoing summary of the Securities Purchase Agreement is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, such document. A copy of the Securities Purchase Agreement is attached hereto as Exhibits 4.30 to this annual report.
D. Exchange Controls
See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Regulations—Other Laws—Foreign Exchange Control.”
E. Taxation
People’s Republic of China Taxation
We are a holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands and we gain substantial income by way of dividends paid to us from the PRC subsidiaries. The EIT Law and its implementation rules provide that PRC-sourced income of foreign enterprises, such as dividends paid by a subsidiary in mainland China to its equity holders that are non-resident enterprises, will normally be subject to PRC withholding tax at a rate of 10%, unless any such foreign investor’s jurisdiction of incorporation has a tax treaty with China that provides for a preferential tax rate or a tax exemption.
Under the EIT Law, an enterprise established outside of China with a “de facto management body” within China is considered a “resident enterprise,” which means that it is treated in a manner similar to a PRC domestic enterprise for enterprise income tax purposes. Although the implementation rules of the EIT Law define “de facto management body” as a managing body that actually, comprehensively manage and control the production and operation, staff, accounting, property, and other aspects of an enterprise, the only official guidance for this definition currently available is set forth in SAT Circular 82, which provides guidance on the determination of the tax residence status of a PRC-controlled offshore incorporated enterprise, defined as an enterprise that is incorporated under the laws of a foreign country or territory and that has a PRC enterprise or enterprise group as its primary controlling shareholder. In spite of further to SAT Circular 82, the SAT issued the SAT Bulletin 45, which took effect in September 2011 and was amended in June 2018, but SAT Bulletin 45 only provides for procedures and administration details of determination on resident status and administration on post-determination matters, did not define “de facto management body.” Although Work Cayman does not have a PRC enterprise or enterprise group as our primary controlling shareholder and is therefore not a PRC-controlled offshore incorporated enterprise within the meaning of SAT Circular 82, in the absence of guidance specifically applicable to us, we have applied the guidance set forth in SAT Circular 82 to evaluate the tax residence status of Work Cayman and its subsidiaries organized outside of mainland China.
According to SAT Circular 82, a PRC-controlled offshore incorporated enterprise will be regarded as a PRC tax resident by virtue of having a “de facto management body” in China and will be subject to PRC enterprise income tax on its worldwide income only if all of the following criteria are met: (i) the places where senior management and senior management departments that are responsible for daily production, operation and management of the enterprise perform their duties are mainly located within the territory of mainland China; (ii) financial decisions (such as money borrowing, lending, financing and financial risk management) and personnel decisions (such as appointment, dismissal and salary and wages) are decided or need to be decided by organizations or persons located within the territory of mainland China; (iii) main property, accounting books, corporate seal, the board of directors and files of the minutes of shareholders’ meetings of the enterprise are located or preserved within the territory of mainland China; and (iv) one half (or more) of the directors or senior management staff having the right to vote habitually reside within the territory of mainland China.
We believe that we do not meet some of the conditions outlined in the immediately preceding paragraph. For example, the key assets and records of Work Cayman, including the resolutions and meeting minutes of our board of directors and the resolutions and meeting minutes of our shareholders, are located and maintained outside mainland China. In addition, we are not aware of any offshore holding companies with a corporate structure similar to ours that has been deemed a PRC “resident enterprise” by the PRC tax authorities. Accordingly, we believe that Work Cayman and its offshore subsidiary should not be treated as a “resident enterprise” for PRC tax purposes if the criteria for “de facto management body” as set forth in SAT Circular 82 were deemed applicable to us. As the tax residency status of an enterprise is subject to determination by the PRC tax authorities and uncertainties remain with respect to the interpretation of the term “de facto management body” as applicable to our offshore entities, however, we will continue to monitor our tax status.
If the PRC tax authorities determine that Work Cayman is a PRC resident enterprise for enterprise income tax purposes, we may be required to withhold a 10% withholding tax from any dividends we pay to our shareholders that are non- resident enterprises. In addition, non-resident enterprise shareholders may be subject to a 10% PRC withholding tax on gains realized on the sale or other disposition of our Ordinary Shares, if such income is treated as sourced from within mainland China. It is unclear whether our non-PRC individual shareholders would be subject to any PRC tax on dividends or gains obtained by such non-PRC individual shareholders in the event we are determined to be a PRC resident enterprise. If any PRC tax were to apply to dividends or gains realized by non-PRC individuals, it would generally apply at a rate of 20% unless a reduced rate is available under an applicable tax treaty. It is also unclear, however, whether our non-PRC shareholders would be able to claim the benefits of any tax treaties between their country of tax residence and the PRC in the event that we are treated as a PRC resident enterprise. There is no guidance from the PRC government to indicate whether or not any tax treaties between mainland China and other countries would apply in circumstances where a non-PRC company was deemed to be a PRC tax resident, and thus there is no basis for expecting how tax treaty between mainland China and other countries may impact non-resident enterprises. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risk Factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in the PRC—We may be treated as a resident enterprise for PRC tax purposes under the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law, and we may therefore be subject to PRC income tax on our global income.” on page 38.
As a Cayman Islands holding company, we may receive dividends from the PRC subsidiary through offshore subsidiaries. The EIT Law and its implementing rules provide that dividends paid by a PRC entity to a non-resident enterprise for income tax purposes is subject to PRC withholding tax at a rate of 10%, subject to reduction by an applicable tax treaty with China. Pursuant to the Arrangement between Mainland China and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and Tax Evasion on Income, the withholding tax rate in respect to the payment of dividends by a PRC enterprise to a Hong Kong enterprise may be reduced to 5% from a standard rate of 10% if the Hong Kong enterprise directly holds at least 25% of the PRC enterprise. Pursuant to the Notice of the State Administration of Taxation on the Issues concerning the Application of the Dividend Clauses of Tax Agreements, or SAT Circular 81, a Hong Kong resident enterprise must meet the following conditions, among others, in order to apply the reduced withholding tax rate: (i) it must be a company; (ii) it must directly own the required percentage of equity interests and voting rights in the PRC resident enterprise; and (iii) it must have directly owned such required percentage in the PRC resident enterprise throughout the 12 months prior to receiving the dividends. In October 2019, the SAT promulgated the Administrative Measures for Entitlement to Treaty Benefits for Non-resident Taxpayers, or SAT Circular 35, which became effective on January 1, 2020. SAT Circular 35 provides that non-resident enterprises are not required to obtain pre-approval from the relevant tax authority in order to enjoy the reduced withholding tax. Instead, non-resident enterprises and their withholding agents may, by self-assessment and on confirmation that the prescribed criteria to enjoy the tax treaty benefits are met, directly apply the reduced withholding tax rate, and file necessary forms and supporting documents when performing tax filings, which will be subject to post-tax filing examinations by the relevant tax authorities. Accordingly, we may be able to benefit from the 5% withholding tax rate for the dividends it receives from our operating entities established in mainland China, if we satisfy the conditions prescribed under SAT Circular 82 and other relevant tax rules and regulations. However, according to SAT Circular 82 and SAT Circular 35, if the relevant tax authorities consider the transactions or arrangements we have are for the primary purpose of enjoying a favorable tax treatment, the relevant tax authorities may adjust the favorable withholding tax in the future.
Provided that Work Cayman is not deemed to be a PRC resident enterprise, holders of our Ordinary Shares who are not PRC residents will not be subject to PRC income tax on dividends distributed by us or gains realized from the sale or other disposition of our shares. However, under SAT Bulletin 7, where a non-resident enterprise conducts an “indirect transfer” by transferring taxable assets, including, in particular, equity interests in a PRC resident enterprise, indirectly by disposing of the equity interests of an overseas holding company, the non-resident enterprise, being the transferor, or the transferee or the PRC entity which directly owned such taxable assets may report to the relevant tax authority such indirect transfer. Using a “substance over form” principle, the PRC tax authority may disregard the existence of the overseas holding company if it lacks a reasonable commercial purpose and was established for the purpose of reducing, avoiding, or deferring PRC tax. As a result, gains derived from such indirect transfer may be subject to PRC enterprise income tax, and the transferee or other person who is obligated to pay for the transfer is obligated to withhold the applicable taxes, currently at a rate of 10% for the transfer of equity interests in a PRC resident enterprise.
We and our non-PRC resident investors may be at risk of being required to file a return and being taxed under SAT Bulletin 7, and we may be required to expend valuable resources to comply with SAT Bulletin 7, or to establish that we should not be taxed under this Bulletin. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risk Factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in China—We and our shareholders face uncertainties with respect to indirect transfers of equity interests in PRC resident enterprises by their non-PRC holding companies.” on page 38.
Hong Kong Taxation
According to Tax (Amendment) (No. 3) Ordinance 2018 published by Hong Kong government, since September 1, 2018, under the two-tiered profits tax rates regime, the profits tax rate for the first HKD2 million of assessable profits has been lowered to 8.25% (half of the rate specified in Schedule 8 to the Inland Revenue Ordinance (IRO)) for corporations. Work HK was not subject to Hong Kong profit tax for any period presented as it did not have assessable profit during the periods presented.
Material Tax Consequences Applicable to U.S. Holders of Our Ordinary Shares
Subject to the limitations described in the next paragraph, the following discussion summarizes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences to a “U.S. Holder” arising from the purchase, ownership and sale of the Ordinary Shares. For this purpose, a “U.S. Holder” is a holder of Ordinary Shares that is: (1) an individual citizen or resident of the United States, including an alien individual who is a lawful permanent resident of the United States or meets the substantial presence residency test under U.S. federal income tax laws; (2) a corporation (or entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) or a partnership (other than a partnership that is not treated as a U.S. person under any applicable U.S. Treasury regulations) created or organized under the laws of the United States or the District of Columbia or any political subdivision thereof; (3) an estate, the income of which is includable in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes regardless of source; (4) a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons have authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust; or (5) a trust that has a valid election in effect to be treated as a U.S. person to the extent provided in U.S. Treasury regulations.
This brief summary is for general information purposes only and does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all of the U.S. federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision to purchase our Ordinary Shares. This brief summary generally considers only U.S. Holders that will own our Ordinary Shares as capital assets. Except to the limited extent discussed below, this summary does not consider the U.S. federal tax consequences to a person that is not a U.S. Holder, nor does it describe the rules applicable to determine a taxpayer’s status as a U.S. Holder. This summary is based on the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, final, temporary and proposed U.S. Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder, and administrative and judicial interpretations thereof, (including with respect to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017), all as in effect as of the date hereof and all of which are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis, and all of which are open to differing interpretations. We will not seek a ruling from the IRS with regard to the U.S. federal income tax treatment of an investment in our Ordinary Shares by U.S. Holders and, therefore, can provide no assurances that the IRS will agree with the conclusions set forth below.
This discussion does not address all of the aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to a particular U.S. Holder based on such holder’s particular circumstances and in particular does not discuss any estate, gift, generation-skipping, transfer, state, local, excise or foreign tax considerations. In addition, this discussion does not address the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a U.S. Holder who is: (1) a bank, life insurance company, regulated investment company, or other financial institution or “financial services entity;” (2) a broker or dealer in securities or foreign currency; (3) a person who acquired our Ordinary Shares in connection with employment or other performance of services; (4) a U.S. Holder that is subject to the U.S. alternative minimum tax; (5) a U.S. Holder that holds our Ordinary Shares as a hedge or as part of a hedging, straddle, conversion or constructive sale transaction or other risk-reduction transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes; (6) a tax-exempt entity; (7) real estate investment trusts or grantor trusts; (8) a U.S. Holder that expatriates out of the United States or a former long-term resident of the United States; or (9) a person having a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar. This discussion does not address the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a U.S. Holder that owns, directly or constructively, at any time, Ordinary Shares representing 10% or more of our voting power. Additionally, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of partnerships (or other pass-through entities) or persons who hold securities through a partnership or other pass-through entity are not addressed.
Each prospective investor is advised to consult his or her own tax adviser for the specific tax consequences to that investor of purchasing, holding or disposing of our Ordinary Shares, including the effects of applicable state, local, foreign or other tax laws and possible changes in the tax laws.
Taxation of Dividends and Other Distributions on Our Ordinary Shares
Subject to the PFIC rules discussed below, the gross amount of distributions made by us to you with respect to the Ordinary Shares (including the amount of any taxes withheld therefrom) will generally be includable in your gross income as dividend income on the date of receipt by you, but only to the extent that the distribution is paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles). With respect to corporate U.S. Holders, the dividends will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction allowed to corporations in respect of dividends received from other U.S. corporations.
With respect to non-corporate U.S. Holders, including individual U.S. Holders, dividends will be taxed at the lower capital gains rate applicable to qualified dividend income, provided that (1) the Ordinary Shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States, or we are eligible for the benefits of an approved qualifying income tax treaty with the United States that includes an exchange of information program, (2) we are not a PFIC for either our taxable year in which the dividend is paid or the preceding taxable year, and (3) certain holding period requirements are met. Because there is no income tax treaty between the United States and the Cayman Islands, clause (1) above can be satisfied only if the Ordinary Shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States. Under U.S. Internal Revenue Service authority, Ordinary Shares are considered for purpose of clause (1) above to be readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States if they are listed on certain exchanges, which presently include the Nasdaq Stock Market. You are urged to consult your tax advisors regarding the availability of the lower rate for dividends paid with respect to our Ordinary Shares, including the effects of any change in law after the date of this annual report.
Dividends will constitute foreign source income for foreign tax credit limitation purposes. If the dividends are taxed as qualified dividend income (as discussed above), the amount of the dividend taken into account for purposes of calculating the foreign tax credit limitation will be limited to the gross amount of the dividend, multiplied by the reduced rate divided by the highest rate of tax normally applicable to dividends. The limitation on foreign taxes eligible for credit is calculated separately with respect to specific classes of income. For this purpose, dividends distributed by us with respect to our Ordinary Shares will constitute “passive category income” but could, in the case of certain U.S. Holders, constitute “general category income.”
To the extent that the amount of the distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles), it will be treated first as a tax-free return of your tax basis in your Ordinary Shares, and to the extent the amount of the distribution exceeds your tax basis, the excess will be taxed as capital gain. We do not intend to calculate our earnings and profits under U.S. federal income tax principles. Therefore, a U.S. Holder should expect that a distribution will be treated as a dividend even if that distribution would otherwise be treated as a non-taxable return of capital or as capital gain under the rules described above.
Taxation of Dispositions of Ordinary Shares
Except as provided under the PFIC rules described below under “Passive Foreign Investment Companies,” upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of our Ordinary Shares, a U.S. Holder will recognize capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between such U.S. Holder’s tax basis for the securities in U.S. dollars and the amount realized on the disposition in U.S. dollar (or its U.S. dollar equivalent determined by reference to the spot rate of exchange on the date of disposition, if the amount realized is denominated in a foreign currency). The gain or loss realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of securities will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder has a holding period of more than one year at the time of the disposition. Individuals who recognize long-term capital gains may be taxed on such gains at reduced rates of tax. The deduction of capital losses is subject to various limitations.
Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC) Consequences
Special U.S. federal income tax laws apply to U.S. taxpayers who own shares of a corporation that is a PFIC. We will be treated as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes for any taxable year that either:
| ● | 75% or more of our gross income (including our pro rata share of gross income for any company, in which we are considered to own 25% or more of the shares by value), in a taxable year is passive; or |
| ● | At least 50% of our assets, averaged over the year and generally determined based upon fair market value (including our pro rata share of the assets of any company in which we are considered to own 25% or more of the shares by value) are held for the production of, or produce, passive income. |
For this purpose, passive income generally consists of dividends, interest, rents, royalties, annuities and income from certain commodities transactions and from notional principal contracts. Cash is treated as generating passive income.
The tests for determining PFIC status are applied annually, and it is difficult to make accurate projections of future income and assets which are relevant to this determination. In addition, our PFIC status may depend in part on the market value of our Ordinary Shares and how quickly we dispose of the cash raised in our IPO. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that we will not become a PFIC. The Company has no obligation to take measures to avoid becoming a PFIC.
If we currently are or become a PFIC, each U.S. Holder who has not elected to mark the shares to market (as discussed below), would, upon receipt of certain distributions by us and upon disposition of our Ordinary Shares at a gain: (1) have such distribution or gain allocated ratably over the U.S. Holder’s holding period for the securities, as the case may be; (2) the amount allocated to the current taxable year and any period prior to the first day of the first taxable year in which we were a PFIC would be taxed as ordinary income; and (3) the amount allocated to each of the other taxable years would be subject to tax at the highest rate of tax in effect for the applicable class of taxpayer for that year, and an interest charge for the deemed deferral benefit would be imposed with respect to the resulting tax attributable to each such other taxable year. In addition, when shares of a PFIC are acquired by reason of death from a decedent that was a U.S. Holder, the tax basis of such shares would not receive a step-up to fair market value as of the date of the decedent’s death, but instead would be equal to the decedent’s basis if lower, unless all gain were recognized by the decedent. Indirect investments in a PFIC may also be subject to these special U.S. federal income tax rules.
The PFIC rules described above would not apply to a U.S. Holder who makes a QEF election for all taxable years that such U.S. Holder has held the Ordinary Shares while we are a PFIC, provided that we comply with specified reporting requirements. Instead, each U.S. Holder who has made such a QEF election is required for each taxable year that we are a PFIC to include in income such U.S. Holder’s pro rata share of our ordinary earnings as ordinary income and such U.S. Holder’s pro rata share of our net capital gains as long-term capital gain, regardless of whether we make any distributions of such earnings or gain. In general, a QEF election is effective only if we make available certain required information. The QEF election is made on a shareholder-by-shareholder basis and generally may be revoked only with the consent of the IRS. We do not intend to notify U.S. Holders if we believe we will be treated as a PFIC for any tax year. In addition, we do not intend to furnish U.S. Holders annually with information needed in order to complete IRS Form 8621 and to make and maintain a valid QEF election for any year in which we or any of our Subsidiaries are a PFIC. Therefore, the QEF election will not be available with respect to our Ordinary Shares.
In addition, the PFIC rules described above would not apply if we were a PFIC and a U.S. Holder made a mark-to-market election. A U.S. Holder of our Ordinary Shares which are regularly traded on a qualifying exchange, including the Nasdaq Capital Market, can elect to mark the securities to market annually, recognizing as ordinary income or loss each year an amount equal to the difference as of the close of the taxable year between the fair market value of the securities and the U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in the securities. Losses are allowed only to the extent of net mark-to-market gain previously included income by the U.S. Holder under the election for prior taxable years.
U.S. Holders who hold our Ordinary Shares during a period when we are a PFIC will be subject to the foregoing rules, even if we cease to be a PFIC. U.S. Holders are strongly urged to consult their tax advisors about the PFIC rules.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
A U.S. Holder may be subject to backup withholding at a rate of 24% with respect to cash dividends and proceeds from a disposition of securities. In general, backup withholding will apply only if a U.S. Holder fails to comply with specified identification procedures. Backup withholding will not apply with respect to payments made to designated exempt recipients, such as corporations and tax-exempt organizations. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and may be claimed as a credit against the U.S. federal income tax liability of a U.S. Holder, provided that the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
Pursuant to recently enacted legislation, a U.S. Holder with interests in “specified foreign financial assets” (including, among other assets, our Ordinary Shares, unless such securities are held on such U.S. Holder’s behalf through a financial institution) may be required to file an information report with the IRS if the aggregate value of all such assets exceeds $50,000 on the last day of the taxable year or $75,000 at any time during the taxable year (or such higher dollar amount as may be prescribed by applicable IRS guidance); and may be required to file a Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts, if the aggregate value of the foreign financial accounts exceeds $10,000 at any time during the calendar year. You should consult your own tax advisor as to the possible obligation to file such information report.
F. Dividends and Paying Agents
G. Statement by Experts
H. Documents on Display
We are subject to the periodic reporting and other informational requirements of the Exchange Act. Under the Exchange Act, we are required to file reports and other information with the SEC. Specifically, we are required to file annually a Form 20-F within four months after the end of each fiscal year. The SEC maintains a website at http://www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding registrants that make electronic filings with the SEC using its EDGAR system. As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules of the Exchange Act prescribing, among other things, the furnishing and content of proxy statements to shareholders, and our executive officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act.
I. Subsidiary Information
J. Annual Report to Security Holders
The text of this filing, as the company filed it with the SEC, without its images or exhibits. This is not investment advice.