COTWO ADVISORS PHYSICAL EUROPEAN CARBON ALLOWANCE TRUST
For the period ended Aug 31, 2025. Filed Oct 15, 2025.
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A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Aug 31, 2025 · Filed Oct 15, 2025
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2025-05-31; filed 2025-07-15.
0001213900-25-064133
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2025-08-31; filed 2025-10-15.
0001213900-25-099117
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 41 previous paragraphs and 45 current paragraphs.
32 unchanged; 6 reworded; 7 added; 3 removed; 0 previous and 0 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 3 previous and 4 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (7)
Current report
For both the period June 17, 2025 (Date of commencement of operations) to August 31, 2025 and the period April 29, 2025 (Effective date of the registration statement) to August 31, 2025, 150,000 Shares were issued in exchange for 30,000 EUAs and 0 Shares were redeemed in exchange for 0 EUAs. The Fund’s NAV per Share began the period at $16.95 and ended the period at $16.93.
Current report
The change in net assets from operations for the period June 17, 2025 to August 31, 2025 and the period April 29, 2025 to August 31, 2025 was $(0.02) per share, which was due to (i) payment of the Sponsor’s Fee of $3,875, (ii) net realized loss from EUAs sold to pay expenses of $619, (iii) net realized gain from foreign currency transactions of $6,657, and (iv) a net change in unrealized depreciation on investment in EUAs of $2,359. Other than the Sponsor Fee the Fund had no expenses during the period June 17, 2025 to August 31, 2025 and the period April 29, 2025 to August 31, 2025.
Current report
Below is a comparison of per Share net asset value (“NAV”) to the Shares’ market value for the period from June 20, 2025 (first day of trading), to August 31, 2025.
Current report
Fund NAV vs. Fund Closing Price - June 20, 2025 - August 29, 2025
Current report
During the period of June 20, 2025 through August 31, 2025 the market for European Union Allowances (EUA) traded in a range of €67.95 (June 30, 2025) to €73.39 (June 24, 2025) with the closing price on August 29, 2025 of €72.46 and an average value of €70.73. There were a variety of influences on the price in the EUA market. Some of those factors were (i) mild temperatures during the summer months across Europe resulting in lower power demand for cooling (ii) uncertainty in overall levels of economic productivity resulting from potential tariffs levied by the United States on the European Union (iii) Currency fluctuations resulting from both interest rate uncertainty and ongoing tariff negotiations (iv) ongoing conflict between Ukraine and Russia and how that will impact both ongoing economic activity and supply of natural gas in the future. Going forward we expect the primary drivers of EUA price levels will continue to be (i) overall weather and how it will impact demand for power for heating/cooling demands (ii) overall levels of economic activity and how robust the EU economy is (iii) ongoing conflict between Ukraine and Russia and how that will impact flows and price of natural gas (iv) possible linkage of the United Kingdom Allowance market and the European Union Allowance market (v) introduction of shipping industry to the EU ETS. For the most part, the fund NAV and market price tracked closely. The periods in which there was a discrepancy are related to the small public float and limited trading in CTWOs equity. Over time as more shares are issued, we expect the frequency and magnitude of the trading premium/discount to NAV to decline.
Current report
In the period June 17, 2025 to August 31, 2025, 150,000 Shares (3 Baskets) were created in exchange for 30,000 EUAs, no Shares were redeemed, and 300 EUAs were sold to maintain a cash position in line with fund policy. For accounting purposes, CTWO reflects creations and redemptions on the date of receipt of a notification of a creation but does not issue Shares until the requisite amount of EUAs are received. Upon a redemption, CTWO delivers EUAs upon receipt of Shares. These creations were completed in the normal course of business.
Current report
At August 31, 2025, the number of EUAs owned by the Trust and held by the Custodians was 29,700, with a market value of $2,516,249 based on the Daily EUA Futures price determined by the ICE Endex on August 31, 2025 (cost— $2,518,608).
Removed paragraphs (3)
Previous report
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition** and Results of Operations**
Previous report
On April 29, 2025, the Sponsor received a notice of effectiveness from the SEC on Form S-1 for its registration of an indeterminate number of Shares of the Trust. During the three months ended May 31, 2025, the Trust had not commenced investment activities nor issued Shares. In addition, the Trust did not purchase or hold any EUAs or cash during the three months ended May 31, 2025, nor were there any receipts or disbursements of cash from the Trust during this reporting period. Also, the Trust did not receive any revenue or capital gains (losses), or incur any expenses during this reporting period.
Previous report
Expenses incurred in connection with organizing the Trust and the offering of the Shares upon commencement of its trading operations will be paid by the Sponsor. Such expenses will not be subject to reimbursement by the Trust.
Reworded paragraphs (6)
Previous wording
The Sponsor, COtwo Advisors LLC, is a Delaware limited liability company. The Sponsor’s mailing address is 140 Elm Street, Suite 6, New Canaan, CT 06840. The Trust pays the Sponsor a management fee. The Trust is managed and controlled by the Sponsor pursuant to the terms of the Trust Agreement and the Sponsor Agreement. The Sponsor arranged for the creation of the Trust, the registration of the Shares for their public offering in the United States and the listing of the Shares on the Exchange. The Sponsor also paid the costs of the Trust’s organization and the initial sale of the Shares, including applicable SEC registration fees. In exchange for the management fee, the Sponsor has agreed to assume to pay all of the routine operational, administrative and other ordinary expenses of the Trust, including, but not limited to, the following administrative and marketing expenses incurred by the Trust: each of the Trustee’s, Trust administrator’s, Trust cash custodian’s, Trust transfer agent’s and marketing agent’s monthly fee and out-of-pocket expenses and expenses reimbursable in connection with such service provider’s respective agreement; the marketing support fees and expenses; exchange listing fees; SEC registration fees; printing and mailing costs; maintenance expenses for the Trust’s website; audit fees and expenses; and routine legal expenses.
Current wording
The Sponsor, COtwo Advisors LLC, is a Delaware limited liability company. The Sponsor’s mailing address is 140 Elm Street, Suite 6, New Canaan, CT 06840. The Trust pays the Sponsor a Sponsor Fee. The Trust is managed and controlled by the Sponsor pursuant to the terms of the Trust Agreement and the Sponsor Agreement. The Sponsor arranged for the creation of the Trust, the registration of the Shares for their public offering in the United States and the listing of the Shares on the Exchange. The Sponsor also paid the costs of the Trust’s organization and the initial sale of the Shares, including applicable SEC registration fees. In exchange for the Sponsor Fee, the Sponsor has agreed to assume to pay all of the routine operational, administrative and other ordinary expenses of the Trust, including, but not limited to, the following administrative and marketing expenses incurred by the Trust: each of the Trustee’s, Trust administrator’s, Trust cash custodian’s, Trust transfer agent’s and marketing agent’s monthly fee and out-of-pocket expenses and expenses reimbursable in connection with such service provider’s respective agreement; the marketing support fees and expenses; exchange listing fees; SEC registration fees; printing and mailing costs; maintenance expenses for the Trust’s website; audit fees and expenses; and routine legal expenses.
Previous wording
The investment objective of the Trust is for the Shares to reflect the performance of the price of EU Carbon Emission Allowances for stationary installations (“EUAs”), less the expenses of the Trust’s operations. The Trust intends to achieve this objective by investing substantially all of its assets in EUAs, which are issued via the European Union Emission Trading System (“ETS”) and permit the holder to emit one ton of carbon dioxide equivalent or other greenhouse gas. The Trust’s assets will consist of EUAs and cash. The Trust may hold cash in connection with cash purchases and redemptions of Shares and it also will occasionally hold cash for short periods to pay the Sponsor’s management fee and any other Trust expenses and liabilities not assumed by the Sponsor. The Trust will not hold any assets other than EUAs and cash.
Current wording
The investment objective of the Trust is for the Shares to reflect the performance of the price of EU Carbon Emission Allowances for stationary installations (“EUAs”), less the expenses of the Trust’s operations. The Trust intends to achieve this objective by investing substantially all of its assets in EUAs, which are issued via the European Union Emission Trading System (“ETS”) and permit the holder to emit one ton of carbon dioxide equivalent or other greenhouse gas. The Trust’s assets will consist of EUAs and cash. The Trust may hold cash in connection with cash purchases and redemptions of Shares and it also will occasionally hold cash for short periods to pay the Sponsor’s management fee and any other Trust expenses and liabilities not assumed by the Sponsor. The Trust will not hold any assets other than EUAs and cash or cash equivalents.
Previous wording
In addition to selling EUAs to distribute cash to Authorized Participants redeeming Shares, the Trust may sell EUAs to pay certain expenses not assumed by the Sponsor (described above), including the Sponsor’s management fee, which may be facilitated by one or more Liquidity Providers.
Current wording
In addition to selling EUAs to distribute cash to Authorized Participants redeeming Shares, the Trust may sell EUAs to pay certain expenses not assumed by the Sponsor (described above), including the Sponsor’s Sponsor fee, which may be facilitated by one or more Liquidity Providers.
Previous wording
New technologies may arise that may diminish or eliminate the need for cap and trade markets. Ultimately, the cost of emissions credits is determined by the cost of actually reducing emissions levels. If the price of credits becomes too high, it will be more economical for companies to develop or invest in green technologies, thereby suppressing the demand for credits and adversely affecting the price of the Trust.
Current wording
New technologies may arise that may diminish or eliminate the need for cap and trade markets. Ultimately, the cost of carbon allowances is determined by the cost of actually reducing emissions levels. If the price of credits becomes too high, it will be more economical for companies to develop or invest in green technologies, thereby suppressing the demand for credits and adversely affecting the price of the Trust.
Previous wording
It should also be noted that although the IFV is disseminated throughout the core trading session, the customary trading hours for EUAs, the Trust’s primary asset, are 2am to 12 pm ET. This means that there is a gap in time at the end of each day during which the Trust’s shares are traded on the NYSE Arca, but real-time trading prices for EUAs are not available. During such gaps in time the IFV will be calculated based on the last reported mid-point of the bid-ask spread of the Daily EUA Future in the immediately preceding the trading session until the day’s settlement price is reported, in which case the day’s settlement price will be used.
Current wording
It should also be noted that although the IFV is disseminated throughout the core trading session, the customary trading hours for EUAs, the Trust’s primary asset, are 2am to 12 pm ET. This means that there is a gap in time at the end of each day during which the Trust’s shares are traded on the NYSE Arca, but real-time trading prices for EUAs are not available. During such gaps in time the IFV will be calculated based on the last reported mid-point of the bid-ask spread of the Daily EUA Future in the immediately preceding trading session until the day’s settlement price is reported, in which case the day’s settlement price will be used.
Previous wording
The Trust is not aware of any trends, demands, conditions or events that are reasonably likely to result in material changes to its liquidity needs. In exchange for a fee, the Sponsor has agreed to assume most of the expenses incurred by the Trust. As a result, the only ordinary expense of the Trust during the period covered by this report was the Sponsor’s fee. The Trust intends to satisfy this obligation through the transfer of cash (generated, if necessary, through the sale of EUAs) in the necessary amount. At May 31, 2025, the Trust did not have any cash balances.
Current wording
The Trust is not aware of any trends, demands, conditions or events that are reasonably likely to result in material changes to its liquidity needs. In exchange for a fee, the Sponsor has agreed to assume most of the expenses incurred by the Trust. As a result, the only ordinary expense of the Trust during the period covered by this report was the Sponsor’s fee. The Trust intends to satisfy this obligation through the transfer of cash (generated, if necessary, through the sale of EUAs) in the necessary amount. At August 31, 2025, the Trust held $24,327 in cash & cash equivalents.