INTELLIGENT PROTECTION MANAGEMENT CORP.
For the period ended Mar 31, 2025. Filed May 14, 2025.
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A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Mar 31, 2025 · Filed May 14, 2025
IPM$1.62-3.2%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2024-09-30; filed 2024-11-12.
0001213900-24-096808
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2025-03-31; filed 2025-05-14.
0001213900-25-043320
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 122 previous paragraphs and 137 current paragraphs.
35 unchanged; 26 reworded; 76 added; 59 removed; 2 previous and 0 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 19 previous and 19 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (76)
Current report
We provide a comprehensive range of IT-related services, including dedicated server hosting, cloud hosting, data storage, managed security, backup and disaster recovery, and other related services including consulting and implementing technology solutions for large enterprise and commercial clients across the United States as well as small-and-medium sized businesses. We continue to sell our ManyCam software, which is a live streaming software and virtual camera that allows users to deliver professional live videos on streaming platforms, video conferencing apps and distance learning tools.
Current report
Our IT and Cloud-Based Solutions
Current report
We sell and provide a range of services across five core areas, each as further described below: managed IT security services, professional services, procurement services, secure private cloud hosting, managed backup and disaster recovery and web hosting.
Current report
Managed IT Security Services
Current report
Our managed IT security services provide clients with ongoing management and support of their IT systems and services under a subscription or contract-based model. Our managed IT security services include proactive monitoring, regular system maintenance, comprehensive cybersecurity management, data backup, and disaster recovery, as well as help desk support for users.
Current report
Professional Services
Current report
Our professional services include the design and implementation of a wide range of IT products and services, such as cybersecurity, software planning, IT infrastructure, data center design and configuration, designing and implementing on-premises, hybrid or cloud computing solutions, website development, developing or integrating systems and software and IT cost management.
Current report
Procurement Services
Current report
We offer two types of procurement services to our customers. We can either: (i) obtain software and hardware products on behalf of our customers, in which case our vendors drop ship the products to our end customer, or (ii) obtain hardware or software on behalf of our customers and perform additional configuration and/or add additional inputs to the products before the products are shipped to our customer. In the instance where we sell hardware and software products as a solution bundled with services, we typically obtain the products or software from our vendors, add the additional inputs/configuration as detailed in the customer contract, and then ship the products to the end customer.
Current report
Secure Private Cloud Hosting
Current report
Our secure private cloud hosting offerings include a digital infrastructure which consists of dedicated and fully isolated cloud environments designed to deliver security, control and compliance for the business-critical applications and client data. We operate a secure private cloud from private suites in completely isolated areas that are leased within two Tier 3 data center facilities located in Phoenix, Arizona, and Edison, New Jersey (the “Data Centers”), pursuant to license agreements that extend until 2027 and 2026, respectively. Although we do not own or operate the Data Centers, we aim to use the high-level operations and standards provided by the Data Centers through our license agreements to provide our customers with secure and flexible cloud services.
Current report
We leverage state-of-the-art security measures, including data encryption, network segmentation, advanced firewalls, multi-factor authentication and continuous monitoring to safeguard against unauthorized access and cyber threats. We believe our secure private cloud hosting provides our clients with strong availability, data integrity and reliable performance, while meeting stringent compliance requirements. Our secure private cloud hosting solutions are backed by 24/7 support from our expert team, with the goal of delivering secure, flexible and resilient infrastructure tailored to each client’s unique business needs. In the future, we plan to make arrangements with third parties to incorporate AI features into our secure private cloud offerings.
Current report
Managed Backup and Disaster Recovery
Current report
Our managed backup and disaster recovery solutions provide comprehensive protection for customers’ critical data and IT infrastructure, which is intended to ensure business continuity and rapid recovery in the event of data loss, cyberattacks or system failures. We utilize advanced backup technologies with automated, regular data backups, off-site replication and secure storage to prevent data corruption or loss.
Current report
Web Hosting
Current report
Our web hosting services consist of several advanced security measures, including Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Security (“SSL/TLS”) encryption, firewalls, distributed denial-of-service (“DDoS”) protection, malware scanning, and secure server configurations. Our web hosting services include features such as regular data backups, web application firewalls, strict access control policies and continuous monitoring and expert support, all of which are intended to ensure our customers’ compliance with industry standards and provide a reliable and secure environment for our customers’ online presence. Revenue from web hosting is included with managed information technology revenue in the statement of operations.
Current report
Our ManyCam Software Product
Current report
We also support our ManyCam software, which is a live streaming software and virtual camera that allows users to deliver professional live videos on streaming platforms, video conferencing apps and distance learning tools. The ManyCam software provides multiple camera feeds, backgrounds and effects while also enabling users to share presentations, spreadsheets and documents. We are integrating ManyCam as an offering for our new customers and seek to optimize our cross-selling efforts of ManyCam with our other technology solutions.
Current report
The Acquisition
Current report
The aggregate consideration we delivered to Newtek at the Acquisition Closing consisted of (i) $4,000,000 in cash (as adjusted pursuant to the Acquisition Agreement, the “Acquisition Closing Cash Consideration”) and (ii) 4,000,000 shares of our Series A Non-Voting Common Equivalent Stock (the “Series A Preferred Stock” and such shares issued at the Acquisition Closing, the “Acquisition Closing Stock Consideration” and together with the Acquisition Closing Cash Consideration, the “Acquisition Closing Consideration”). The Series A Preferred Stock will automatically convert into one share of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share (subject to certain customary anti-dilution adjustments), upon the occurrence of certain qualifying transfers by Newtek to third parties. In addition to the Acquisition Closing Consideration, Newtek is entitled to earn-out payments under certain circumstances. For more information, see the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section below.
Current report
The Divestiture
Current report
The consideration delivered by Meteor Mobile to us at the closing of the Divestiture consisted of (i) $1,350,000 in cash and (ii) the assumption of all of the liabilities of the Sellers arising out of, or relating to, the Business or the Transferred Assets, other than certain excluded liabilities (the “Divestiture Closing Consideration”). In connection with the Divestiture, we are entitled to earn-out payments under certain circumstances. For more information, see the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section below.
Current report
Board Appointments
Current report
Pursuant to the Acquisition Agreement, we agreed to cause one representative nominated by Newtek (the “Newtek Representative”) to be appointed to our Board of Directors (the “Board”) promptly following the closing of the Acquisition. Newtek designated Barry Sloane, who is currently Newtek’s Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President, as the Newtek Representative.
Current report
Effective as of January 7, 2025, the Board increased the size of the Board from five (5) directors to seven (7) directors and appointed Mr. Sloane to the Board. Mr. Sloane was not appointed to any committee of the Board.
Current report
In order for the majority of the Board to be comprised of independent directors in accordance with Rule 5605(b) of the listing rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC and as a result of his expertise in cloud infrastructure and applications and artificial intelligence, the Board also appointed Sidney Rabsatt to the Board, effective as of January 7, 2025. Mr. Rabsatt was also appointed to serve on the Strategic Transactions Committee of the Board.
Current report
Business Loan Agreement and Credit Agreement and Revolving Promissory Note
Current report
On April 10, 2025, we, Intelligent Protection LLC, our wholly owned subsidiary (“IPM LLC”), and Newtek Bank, National Association (“Newtek Bank”), a subsidiary of Newtek, entered into that certain business loan agreement and that certain credit agreement and revolving promissory note (together, the “Loan Agreements”), which provide for a secured revolving line of credit to us and IPM LLC in the maximum amount of $1,000,000 on the terms and conditions set forth in the Loan Agreements (the “Facility”). The Loan Agreements are secured by substantially all of our assets and the assets of IMP LLC. The Facility will mature on April 10, 2026. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, no amounts were outstanding under the Facility.
Current report
Stock Repurchase Plan
Current report
On May 8, 2025, the Board approved a stock repurchase plan for up to $400,000 of our outstanding common stock (the “Stock Repurchase Plan”), which expires on the one-year anniversary of such date. Shares may be repurchased from time-to-time in open market transactions at prevailing market prices, in privately negotiated transactions or by other means in accordance with federal securities laws, including Rule 10b5-1 programs, and the Stock Repurchase Plan may be suspended or discontinued at any time. The actual timing, number and value of shares repurchased will be determined by a committee of the Board at its discretion and will depend on a number of factors, including the market price of our common stock, general market and economic conditions, alternative investment opportunities and other corporate considerations. As of the date of this report, no shares of common stock had been repurchased pursuant to the Stock Repurchase Plan.
Current report
First Quarter 2025 Operational Highlights
Current report
2025 Business Objectives
Current report
For the near term, our business objectives include:
Current report
Managed IT Security Services
Current report
Customers pay for our managed IT security services on a subscription or contract-based model. Customers typically pay a recurring fee, which is generally based on service level agreements that define the specific services and performance metrics.
Current report
Professional Services
Current report
Customers are invoiced for our professional services either based on a time and materials basis or on a straight-line basis for all fixed fee arrangements. We are the principal in these transactions as we control the specified good or service before it is transferred to the customer. Additionally, we are primarily responsible for fulfillment of the order and have pricing discretion. As a result, we recognize revenue from our professional services revenue on a gross basis.
Current report
Procurement Services
Current report
Our procurement services include either (i) obtaining software and hardware products on behalf of our customers, in which case our vendors drop ship the products to our end customer, or (ii) obtaining hardware or software on behalf of our customers and performing additional configuration and/or add additional inputs to the products before the products are shipped to our customer. For both types of procurement services each customer has their own negotiated contract and payment terms. If a customer orders both hardware and additional configurations to those laptops, typically these will both be covered under separate contracts. The services provided are considered distinct as the additional configurations are not required for the hardware purchased to operate effectively. Customers are invoiced, and revenue is recognized, when the hardware purchased is shipped, as control transfers to the customer free on board (“FOB”) shipping point. We are an agent in these transactions because we (i) do not obtain control over the product as products are drop shipped from their vendors directly to the customer; (ii) have no inventory risk and (iii) have general pricing discretion in our transactions with customers. Our pricing discretion is limited by the going market rate of our services offered by other providers. Based on this assessment, we recognize revenue from procurement services on a net basis.
Current report
Additionally, certain procurement contracts with customers include promises to transfer multiple products and services to a customer. Determining whether products and services are considered distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately versus together may require significant judgment.
Showing the first 40 of 76 passages. Open the source sections for the rest.
Removed paragraphs (59)
Previous report
We are a communications software innovator that powers multimedia social applications. We operate a network of consumer applications that we believe create a unique social media enterprise where users can meet, see, chat, broadcast, play online card games and board games and message in real time in a secure environment with others in our network. Our consumer applications generate revenue principally from subscription fees and advertising arrangements.
Previous report
NTS Acquisition Agreement
Previous report
As a condition to the closing of the Mergers and the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, the Merger Agreement provides that we must effectuate the sale of our Paltalk, Camfrog, and Tinychat applications and all assets and liabilities related to such applications. Subsequent to the parties’ entry into the Merger Agreement, Newtek agreed to waive the condition requiring the sale of the Company’s “Tinychat” application so long as all operations of Tinychat have ceased upon the closing of the Mergers. As a result of the waiver, we plan to cease operations of the Tinychat application prior to the closing of the Mergers.
Previous report
In addition, the closing of the Mergers is subject to the satisfaction of various customary closing conditions, including, among others, approval of the Parent Stock Issuance and the Divestiture by our stockholders. The Merger Agreement contains certain termination rights for both us and Newtek, on behalf of itself and NTS, including, among other things, if the closing has not occurred prior to February 9, 2025. In the event the Merger Agreement is terminated, neither party thereto will owe a termination fee or otherwise incur a liability to any other party under or relating to the Merger Agreement.
Previous report
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, promptly following closing, the Company will cause one representative nominated by Newtek to be appointed to the Board.
Previous report
Divestiture Agreement
Previous report
Pursuant to the Divestiture Agreement, the Buyer agreed to (i) acquire certain assets of the Sellers relating to the “Vumber,” “Paltalk” and “Camfrog” applications, including, among other things, the Sellers’ intellectual property and technology, the rights of the Sellers under certain contracts, all rights to any actions of any nature available to or being pursued by Seller to the extent related to the Business, the Transferred Assets (as defined below) or the assumed liabilities, whether arising by way of counterclaim or otherwise, other than any such action to the extent related to certain excluded assets or excluded liabilities, all of the Sellers’ rights under warranties, indemnities and all similar rights against third parties to the extent related to any Transferred Assets, all rights to insurance proceeds to the extent received or receivable in respect of the Business, the Transferred Assets or the assumed liabilities, all documents that are related to the Business, and all goodwill and the going concern value of the Business, other than certain excluded assets (collectively, the “Transferred Assets”) and (ii) assume all of the liabilities of the Sellers arising out of or relating to the Business or the Transferred Assets other than certain excluded liabilities, in each case upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Divestiture Agreement, for aggregate consideration of $1.35 million (the “Divestiture Closing Consideration”), to be paid by the Buyer to us in cash on the closing date of the Divestiture (the “Divestiture Closing”). Pursuant to the Divestiture Agreement, the Sellers will retain all patents and patent applications and any rights or causes of action related to such patent and patent applications (including the Company’s previously disclosed patent litigation against Cisco Systems, Inc.).
Previous report
As a condition to the Divestiture Closing, the Divestiture Agreement provides that all conditions to closing the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement must have been satisfied or waived, and the parties to the Merger Agreement stand ready, willing and able to close the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, subject only to the closing of the transactions contemplated by Divestiture Agreement. In addition, as a condition to the Divestiture Closing, the Sellers and the Buyers must negotiate and enter into a patent license agreement that will provide the Buyer with certain rights related to the patent used in connection with the “Vumber” application. The Divestiture Closing is also subject to the satisfaction of various customary closing conditions, including, among others, (i) the absence of any governmental order enjoining or otherwise prohibiting the performance of the Divestiture Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated thereby and (ii) the absence of a Material Adverse Effect (as defined in the Divestiture Agreement) on the Sellers or the Buyer.
Previous report
The Divestiture Agreement contains certain termination rights for both the Sellers and the Buyer, including, among other things, if the Divestiture Closing has not occurred prior to March 11, 2025. In the event that we terminate the Divestiture Agreement due to the parties to the Merger Agreement not having satisfied or waived all conditions to the closing of the Merger, we are required to pay the Buyer up to $50,000 in actual out of pocket fees incurred in connection with the Divestiture Agreement.
Previous report
The Divestiture Agreement also contains customary representations, warranties and covenants from Sellers and the Buyer.
Previous report
Patent Litigation
Previous report
On July 23, 2021, Paltalk Holdings filed a patent infringement lawsuit (the “Lawsuit”) against WebEx Communications, Inc., Cisco WebEx LLC, and Cisco Systems, Inc. (collectively, “Cisco”), in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas (the “Court”). We allege that certain of Cisco’s products have infringed U.S. Patent No. 6,683,858, and that we are entitled to damages.
Previous report
On August 29, 2024, the jury awarded us $65.7 million (the “Award”) in a jury verdict in connection with the Lawsuit. On October 8, 2024, an order granting a motion for final judgment (the “Final Judgment”) was entered into in the Court in connection with the Lawsuit. The Final Judgment was entered in our favor in the amount of the Award and started the time for filing any post-trial motions or appeal.
Previous report
The exact amount of the Award proceeds to be received by us will be determined based on a number of factors and will reflect the deduction of significant litigation-related expenses, including legal fees. Consequently, we estimate that we would receive no more than one third of the gross proceeds in connection with the Award, subject to post-trial proceedings (including any potential appellate proceedings by Cisco). We have not recorded any gain contingency in connection with the Award.
Previous report
Impact of Macro-Economic Factors
Previous report
Our results of operations have been and may continue to be negatively impacted by macro-economic factors, including the timing of economic recessions and/or recovery and the overall inflationary environment. Prolonged periods of inflation have affected, and may continue to affect, our ability to target new customers as well as keep existing customers engaged and may ultimately have a correlating effect on our users’ discretionary spending. Future adverse developments with respect to the economic environment and geopolitical tensions may create additional market and economic uncertainty, which could affect our industry.
Previous report
Operational Highlights and Business Objectives
Previous report
As a result of the entry into the Merger Agreement and the Divestiture Agreement, our near-term business objectives include:
Previous report
Subscription Revenue
Previous report
Our video chat platforms generate revenue primarily through subscription fees. Our tiers of subscriptions provide users with unlimited video windows and levels of status within the community. Multiple subscription tiers are offered in different durations depending on the product from one-, three-, six-, twelve-, and twenty-four-month terms, which continue to vary as we continue to test and optimize length and pricing. Longer-term plans (those with durations longer than one month) are generally available at discounted monthly rates. Levels of membership benefits are offered in tiers, with the least membership benefits in the lowest paid tier and the most membership benefits in the highest paid tier. Our membership tiers are “Plus,” “Extreme,” “VIP” and “Prime” for Paltalk and “Pro,” “Extreme” and “Gold” for Camfrog. We also hold occasional promotions that offer discounted subscriptions and virtual gifts. Subscriptions for ManyCam are generally offered in annual and two-year terms, with exceptions made for enterprise sales.
Previous report
We also offer virtual gifts to our users through our Paltalk, Camfrog and TinyChat applications. Users may purchase credits that can be redeemed for a host of virtual gifts such as a rose, a beer, or a car, among other items. Virtual gift revenue is recognized upon the users’ utilization of the virtual gift and included in subscription revenue. The unearned portion of virtual gifts revenue is presented as deferred revenue in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Previous report
Advertising Revenue
Previous report
We generate a portion of our revenue through advertisements on our video platforms. Advertising revenue is dependent upon the volume of advertising impressions viewed by active users as well as the advertising inventory we place on our products. We recognize advertising revenue as earned on a click-through, impression, registration or subscription basis. Measurements of impressions include when a user clicks on an advertisement (CPC basis), views an advertisement impression (CPM basis), or registers for an external website via an advertisement by clicking on or through our application (CPA basis).
Previous report
Sales and marketing expense
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Product development expense
Previous report
Total revenue decreased by 23.4% to $2,121,234 for the three months ended September 30, 2024 from $2,767,939 for the three months ended September 30, 2023. This decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in virtual gift revenue.
Previous report
Our subscription revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2024 decreased by $640,009, or 23.9%, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in subscription revenue was primarily driven by a decrease in virtual gift revenue by $463,000. We expect that virtual gift revenue may continue to decline as customers limit their discretionary spending in light of the current economic environment.
Previous report
Our advertising revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2024 decreased by $6,696, or 7.1%, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in advertising revenue was primarily due to a decrease in the volume of advertising impressions related to changes in the optimization of third-party advertising partners for the Paltalk application.
Previous report
Our cost of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2024 decreased by $66,496, or 8.0%, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. This decrease in cost of revenue is primarily due to an increase in hosting expense of $41,776, and decreased credit card provider fees of $23,222.
Previous report
Sales and marketing expense
Previous report
Our sales and marketing expense for the three months ended September 30, 2024 decreased by $7,697, or 3.7%, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in sales and marketing expense for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily due to a decrease in headcount expenses of approximately $53,357, offset by an increase in marketing and advertising of $46,108.
Previous report
Product development expense
Previous report
Our product development expense for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased by $15,896, or 1.3%, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. The increase in product development expense was primarily due to an increase in salary-related expenses of $18,035 and dues and subscriptions expenses of $10,474, offset by a decrease in software expenses of $14,954.
Previous report
Our general and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased by $709,710 or 76.6%, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. The increase in general and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily due to an increase of approximately $160,741 in professional fees and legal fees of $605,251 in connection with the Mergers and the transactions related thereto, which are expected to close in fourth quarter of 2024 or the first quarter of 2025. We expect that our general and administrative expense will continue to increase in future periods in connection with the Mergers and the transactions related thereto. These increases were offset slightly by decreases in insurance expense of $33,316 and accounting fees of $17,671.
Previous report
As of September 30, 2024, our conclusion regarding the realizability of our US deferred tax assets did not change and we have recorded a full valuation allowance against them.
Previous report
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to Nine Months Ended September, 2023
Previous report
Revenue
Previous report
Total revenue decreased by 16.2% to $6,943,589 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $8,287,958 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. This decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in virtual gift revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Previous report
The following table sets forth our subscription revenue, advertising revenue and total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the increase or decrease between those periods, the percentage increase or decrease between those periods, and the percentage of total revenue that each represented for those periods:
Previous report
Our subscription revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased by $1,414,786 or 17.5%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in subscription revenue was primarily driven by a decrease in virtual gifts across the Paltalk and Camfrog applications during the three months ended September 30, 2024.
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Reworded paragraphs (26)
Previous wording
This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is intended to provide a reader of our financial statements with a narrative from the perspective of our management on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and certain other factors that may affect our future results. The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with: (i) the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, (ii) the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2023 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Form 10-K”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 15, 2024 and (iii) the discussion under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of the Form 10-K. Aside from certain information as of December 31, 2023, all amounts herein are unaudited.
Current wording
This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is intended to provide a reader of our financial statements with a narrative from the perspective of our management on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and certain other factors that may affect our future results. The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with: (i) the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, (ii) the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2024 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Form 10-K”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 24, 2025 and (iii) the discussion under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of the Form 10-K. Aside from certain information as of December 31, 2024, all amounts herein are unaudited.
Previous wording
Our product portfolio includes Paltalk, Camfrog and Tinychat, which together host a large collection of video-based communities. Our other products include ManyCam and Vumber. ManyCam is a live streaming software and virtual camera that allows users to deliver professional live videos on streaming platforms, video conferencing apps and distance learning tools. Vumber is a telecommunications services provider that enables users to communicate privately by having multiple phone numbers with any area code through which calls can be forwarded to a user’s existing telephone number. We have an over 20-year history of technology innovation and hold 8 patents.
Current wording
We have an over 20-year history of technology innovation and hold eight patents.
Previous wording
On August 11, 2024, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among us, PALT Merger Sub 1, Inc., our direct and wholly owned subsidiary (“First Merger Sub”), PALT Merger Sub 2, LLC, our direct and wholly owned (“Second Merger Sub”), Newtek Technology Solutions, Inc. (“NTS”), and NewtekOne, Inc., the sole stockholder of NTS (“Newtek”), to acquire NTS through a two-step merger process. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, following the receipt of approval by our stockholders: (i) NTS will merge with and into First Merger Sub, with NTS continuing as the surviving entity (the “Interim Surviving Entity” and such merger, the “First Step Merger”), and (ii) immediately following the consummation of the First Step Merger, the Interim Surviving Entity will merge with and into Second Merger Sub, with Second Merger Sub continuing as the surviving entity (the “Second Step Merger” and, together with the First Step Merger, the “Mergers”).
Current wording
On January 2, 2025 (the “Closing Date”), we completed the acquisition of Newtek Technology Solutions, Inc., a New York corporation (“NTS”), pursuant to that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Acquisition Agreement”), by and among us, PALT Merger Sub 1, Inc., a New York corporation and our direct and wholly owned subsidiary (“First Merger Sub”), PALT Merger Sub 2, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and our direct and wholly owned subsidiary (“Second Merger Sub”), NTS and NewtekOne, Inc., a Maryland corporation and the sole stockholder of NTS (“Newtek”). Pursuant to the terms of the Acquisition Agreement, on the Closing Date: (i) NTS merged with and into First Merger Sub, with NTS continuing as the surviving entity (the “Interim Surviving Entity” and such merger, the “First Step Merger”), and (ii) immediately following the consummation of the First Step Merger, the Interim Surviving Entity merged with and into Second Merger Sub (the “Second Step Merger” and, together with the First Step Merger, the “Acquisition”), with the Second Merger Sub surviving as our wholly owned subsidiary (in such capacity, the “Surviving Entity”). Following the closing of the Acquisition (the “Acquisition Closing”), we changed our name from “Paltalk, Inc.” to “Intelligent Protection Management Corp.”
Previous wording
On November 7, 2024, we entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Divestiture Agreement”) with our wholly owned subsidiaries Paltalk Holdings, Inc. (“Paltalk Holdings”), Paltalk Software, Inc. (“Paltalk Software”), Camshare, Inc. (“Camshare”), A.V.M. Software, Inc. (“AVM”), and Vumber, LLC (“Vumber” and, collectively with the Company, Paltalk Holdings, Paltalk Software, Camshare, and AVM, the “Sellers,” and each individually, a “Seller”), and Meteor Mobile Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Buyer”), pursuant to which we agreed to sell to the Buyer our telecommunications services provider, “Vumber”, as well as our “Paltalk” and “Camfrog” applications and certain assets and liabilities related to such services provider and applications (the “Divestiture”). Following the Divestiture, we will no longer be engaged in the business of providing video-based, live streaming, virtual camera and telecommunications software to consumers, as and to the extent we currently conduct such businesses pursuant to the “Vumber,” “Paltalk” and “Camfrog” applications (the “Business”).
Current wording
On the Closing Date and prior to the Acquisition Closing, we completed the sale to Meteor Mobile Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Meteor Mobile”), of our telecommunications services provider, “Vumber”, as well as our “Paltalk” and “Camfrog” applications and certain assets and liabilities related to such services provider and applications (the “Transferred Assets” and such sale, the “Divestiture” and, together with the Acquisition, the “Transactions”) pursuant to that certain Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Divestiture Agreement”), by and among the us, our wholly owned subsidiaries Paltalk Holdings, Inc. (“Paltalk Holdings”), Paltalk Software, Inc., Camshare, Inc., A.V.M. Software, Inc., and Vumber, LLC (collectively, the “Sellers”), and Meteor Mobile. As a result of the Divestiture, we are no longer engaged in the business of providing video-based, live streaming, virtual camera and telecommunications software to consumers, as and to the extent such businesses were previously conducted by us pursuant to the “Vumber,” “Paltalk” and “Camfrog” applications (the “Business”). In addition, prior to the Acquisition Closing, we ceased all operations of our “Tinychat” service and application.
Previous wording
The following is a summary of operational highlights during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024:
Current wording
Operational highlights during the three months ended March 31, 2025:
Previous wording
Our main sources of revenue are subscription revenue, which includes virtual gift revenue, and advertising revenue generated from users of our core video chat products, Paltalk and Camfrog. We also generate revenue from subscriptions for our ManyCam software product.
Current wording
Our main sources of revenue are described below:
Previous wording
We recognize revenue from monthly premium subscription services beginning in the month in which the subscriptions are originated. Revenues from multi-month (or annual) subscriptions are recognized on a gross and straight-line basis over the length of the subscription period. The unearned portion of subscription revenue is presented as deferred revenue in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Current wording
We also generate subscription revenue from monthly premium subscription services for our ManyCam software. Subscription revenues are presented net of refunds, credits, and known and estimated credit card chargebacks. During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, subscriptions were offered in durations of twelve-month and twenty four-month terms. All subscription fees, however, are paid by credit card at the origination of the subscription regardless of the term of the subscription. Revenues from multi-month subscriptions are recognized on a straight-line basis over the period where the service is offered to the customer, indicated by length of the subscription term purchased. The unearned portion of subscription revenue is presented as deferred revenue in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Previous wording
Cost of revenue consists primarily of compensation (including stock-based compensation) and other employee-related costs for personnel engaged in data center and customer care functions, credit card processing fees, hosting fees, and data center rent and bandwidth costs. Cost of revenue also includes compensation and other employee-related costs for technical personnel, consultants and subcontracting costs relating to technology service revenue.
Current wording
Cost of revenue consists primarily of compensation (including stock-based compensation) and other employee-related costs for personnel engaged in data center and customer care functions, credit card processing fees, hosting fees, data center rent, bandwidth costs and, in the case of procurement, revenue the cost of the hardware and/or subscriptions. Cost of revenue also includes compensation and other employee-related costs for technical personnel, consultants and subcontracting costs relating to technology service revenue.
Previous wording
Sales and marketing expense consist primarily of advertising expenditures and compensation (including stock-based compensation) and other employee-related costs for personnel and consultants engaged in sales and sales support functions. Advertising and promotional spend includes online marketing, including fees paid to search engines, and offline marketing, which primarily consists of partner-related payments to those who direct traffic to our brands.
Current wording
Sales marketing and product development expense consists primarily of (i) advertising expenditures and compensation (including stock-based compensation) and other employee-related costs for personnel and consultants engaged in sales and sales support marketing and development functions and (ii) development of the technology of our applications, and consultant-related costs that are not capitalized for personnel engaged in the design, testing and enhancement of service offerings. Advertising and promotional spend includes online marketing, including fees paid to search engines, and offline marketing, which primarily consists of partner-related payments to those who direct traffic to our brands.
Previous wording
Our management relies on certain non-GAAP and/or unaudited performance indicators to manage and evaluate our business. The key performance indicators set forth below help us evaluate growth trends, establish budgets, measure the effectiveness of our advertising and marketing efforts and assess operational efficiencies. We also discuss net cash provided by operating activities under the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section below. Adjusted EBITDA is discussed below.
Current wording
Our management relies on certain non-GAAP financial measures to manage and evaluate our business. The non-GAAP financial measures set forth below help us evaluate growth trends, establish budgets, measure the effectiveness of our advertising and marketing efforts and assess operational efficiencies. We also discuss net cash provided by operating activities under the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section below. Adjusted EBITDA is discussed below.
Previous wording
Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net loss adjusted to exclude interest (income) expense, net, other (income) expense, net, income tax (benefit) expense, depreciation and amortization expense, and stock-based compensation expense.
Current wording
Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income (loss) adjusted to exclude interest (income) expense, net, other (income) expense, net, income tax (benefit) expense, depreciation and amortization expense, stock-based compensation expense and net loss from discontinued operations.
Previous wording
We present Adjusted EBITDA because it is a key measure used by our management and Board of Directors to understand and evaluate our core operating performance and trends, to develop short- and long-term operational plans and to allocate resources to expand our business. In particular, the exclusion of certain expenses in calculating Adjusted EBITDA can provide a useful measure for period-to-period comparisons of the cash operating income generated by our business. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA is useful to investors and others to understand and evaluate our operating results, and it allows for a more meaningful comparison between our performance and that of competitors.
Current wording
We present Adjusted EBITDA because it is a key measure used by our management and Board to understand and evaluate our core operating performance and trends, to develop short- and long-term operational plans and to allocate resources to expand our business. In particular, the exclusion of certain expenses in calculating Adjusted EBITDA can provide a useful measure for period-to-period comparisons of the cash operating income generated by our business. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA is useful to investors and others to understand and evaluate our operating results, and it allows for a more meaningful comparison between our performance and that of competitors.
Previous wording
Our use of Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider this performance measure in isolation from or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are that Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect, among other things: cash capital expenditures for assets underlying depreciation and amortization expense that may need to be replaced or for new capital expenditures; interest income, net; other expense, net; income tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations; our working capital requirements; the potentially dilutive impact of stock-based compensation; and the provision for income taxes. Other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate Adjusted EBITDA differently, which reduces its usefulness as a comparative measure.
Current wording
Our use of Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider this performance measure in isolation from or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are that Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect, among other things: cash capital expenditures for assets underlying depreciation and amortization expense that may need to be replaced or for new capital expenditures; interest income, net; other expense, net; the potentially dilutive impact of stock-based compensation; the provision for income taxes; and net loss from discontinued operations. Other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate Adjusted EBITDA differently, which reduces its usefulness as a comparative measure.
Previous wording
Because of these limitations, you should consider Adjusted EBITDA alongside other financial performance measures, including various cash flow metrics, net income (loss) and our other GAAP results. The following table presents a reconciliation of net income, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted EBITDA for each of the periods indicated:
Current wording
Because of these limitations, you should consider Adjusted EBITDA alongside other financial performance measures, including various cash flow metrics, net income (loss) and our other GAAP results. The following table presents a reconciliation of net income (loss), the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted EBITDA for each of the periods indicated:
Previous wording
The following table sets forth our subscription revenue, advertising revenue and total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and the three months ended September 30, 2023, the decrease between those periods, the percentage decrease between those periods, and the percentage of total revenue that each represented for those periods:
Current wording
The following table sets forth our total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and the three months ended March 31, 2024, the increase between those periods, the percentage increase between those periods, and the percentage of total revenue that each represented for those periods:
Previous wording
Total costs and expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased by $651,413, or 20.6%, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. The following table presents our costs and expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the increase or decrease between those periods, the percentage increase or decrease between those periods and the percentage of total revenue that each represented for those periods:
Current wording
Total costs and expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 increased by $5,575,384, or 436.7%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024. The following table presents our costs and expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the increase between those periods and the percentage increase between those periods and the percentage of total revenue that each represented for those periods:
Previous wording
The following table presents the components of non-operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and the three months ended September 30 2023, the increase or decrease between those periods, the percentage increase or decrease between those periods and the percentage of total revenue that each represented for those periods:
Current wording
The following table presents the components of non-operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and the three months ended March 31, 2024, the decrease between those periods and the percentage decrease between those periods and the percentage of total revenue that each represented for those periods:
Previous wording
Non-operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was $157,517, a decrease of $12,408, or 7.3%, as compared to non-operating income of $169,925 for the three months ended September 30, 2023.
Current wording
Non-operating income for the three months ended March 30, 2025 was $82,392, a decrease of $69,592, or 45.8%, as compared to non-operating income of $151,984 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The decrease was primarily a result of a decrease in the amount of principal the Company invested and at varying interest rates.
Previous wording
Our benefit (provision) for income taxes consists of federal, foreign and state taxes, as applicable, in amounts necessary to align our year-to-date tax provision with the effective rate that we expect to achieve for the full year. For the three months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023, we recorded an income tax benefit of $20,767 and $37,915, respectively, consisting primarily of federal, foreign, state and local taxes.
Current wording
Our provision for income taxes consists of federal, foreign and state taxes, as applicable, in amounts necessary to align the Company’s year-to-date tax provision with the effective rate that it expects to achieve for the full year. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $2,060,065 primarily related to a partial release of its valuation allowance as the Acquisition of NTS created a source of future taxable income allowing for the recognition of certain deferred tax assets. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $598,710, consisting primarily of federal, foreign, state and local taxes.
Previous wording
Currently, our primary source of liquidity is cash on hand, and we believe that our cash and cash equivalents balance and our expected cash flows from operations will be sufficient to meet all of our financial obligations for one year from the date these financial statements are issued. As of September 30, 2024, we had $12,056,085 of cash and cash equivalents.
Current wording
We believe that our cash and cash equivalents balance, our cash available through the Facility and our expected cash flows from operations will be sufficient to meet all of our financial obligations for one year from the date these financial statements are issued. As of March 31, 2025, we had $9,683,317 of cash and cash equivalents.
Previous wording
Our primary use of working capital is related to product development resources in order to maintain and create new services and features in applications for our clients and users. In particular, a significant portion of our working capital has been allocated to the improvement of our products. We are also expending our capital resources to fund strategic acquisitions, investments and partnership opportunities. For instance, on August 11, 2024, we entered into the Merger Agreement to acquire NTS through a two-step merger process. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, as consideration for the Mergers, we agreed to (i) pay Newtek an amount in cash equal to $4,000,000, which is subject to customary purchase price adjustments as set forth in the Merger Agreement, including a working capital adjustment and (ii) issue Newtek 4,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock (subject to adjustments related to the Total Equity Cap). In addition to the consideration payable at closing, the Merger Agreement provides that Newtek is entitled to receive an amount up to $5,000,000 based on our achievement certain cumulative average Adjusted EBITDA thresholds for the 2025 and 2026 fiscal years, which may be paid, in our sole discretion, in cash, in shares of Preferred Stock or in a combination thereof (subject to adjustments related to the Total Equity Cap).
Current wording
Our primary use of working capital is related to product development resources and investment in marketing initiatives to grow the business in order to maintain and create new services and features in applications for our clients and users. In the future, we may seek to grow our business by expending our capital resources to fund strategic acquisitions, investments and partnership opportunities.
Previous wording
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, as consideration for the Mergers, we agreed to (i) pay Newtek an amount in cash equal to $4,000,000, which is subject to customary purchase price adjustments as set forth in the Merger Agreement, including a working capital adjustment (the “Merger Closing Cash Consideration”) and (ii) issue Newtek 4,000,000 shares (the “Merger Closing Stock Consideration” and together with the Merger Closing Cash Consideration, the “Merger Closing Consideration”) of a newly created series of preferred stock, the Series A Non-Voting Common Equivalent Stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share (the “Preferred Stock”). In addition to the Merger Closing Consideration, the Merger Agreement provides that Newtek is entitled to receive an amount up to $5,000,000 (the “Merger Earn-Out Amount”) based on our achievement certain cumulative average Adjusted EBITDA thresholds for the 2025 and 2026 fiscal years. The Merger Earn-Out Amount may be paid, in our sole discretion, in cash (the “Merger Earn-Out Cash Consideration”), in shares of Preferred Stock (the “Merger Earn-Out Stock Consideration”) or in a combination thereof. The issuance of the Merger Closing Stock Consideration, the Merger Earn-Out Stock Consideration (if any) and the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Preferred Stock is referred to herein as the “Parent Stock Issuance”.
Current wording
On January 2, 2025, we closed the Acquisition, pursuant to which we acquired NTS through a two-step merger process. The aggregate consideration we delivered to Newtek at the Acquisition Closing consisted of (i) $4,000,000 in cash and (ii) 4,000,000 shares of our Series A Preferred Stock. In addition to the Acquisition Closing Consideration, the Acquisition Agreement provides that Newtek is entitled to receive an amount up to $5,000,000 (the “Acquisition Earn-Out Amount”) based on our achievement of certain cumulative average adjusted EBITDA thresholds for the 2025 and 2026 fiscal years. The Acquisition Earn-Out Amount may be paid, in our sole discretion, in cash (the “Acquisition Earn-Out Cash Consideration”), in shares of Series A Preferred Stock (the “Acquisition Earn-Out Stock Consideration”) or in a combination thereof. Pursuant to the Acquisition Agreement, to the extent that all or a portion of the Acquisition Earn-Out Amount is paid in shares of Series A Preferred Stock, the number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock to be issued to Newtek will be calculated based on the average of the daily volume weighted average prices of our common stock during each trading day during a 60 calendar-day period ending on December 31, 2026; provided, that in no event shall such price be less than $1.00.
Previous wording
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, if the issuance of the Merger Closing Stock Consideration or the Merger Earn-Out Stock Consideration would cause Newtek’s “total equity” (as calculated under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, and as implemented and interpreted by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”)) in the Company to exceed 33.33% (the “Total Equity Cap”), then the number of shares of Preferred Stock issuable as Merger Closing Stock Consideration and/or Merger Earn-Out Stock Consideration, as applicable, will be adjusted so that we will issue Newtek the maximum number of shares of Preferred Stock that would not cause Newtek’s total equity to exceed the Total Equity Cap, with a corresponding increase to the Merger Closing Cash Consideration and the Merger Earn-Out Cash Consideration, as applicable. Following the consummation of the Mergers and the issuance of the Merger Closing Stock Consideration, Newtek would beneficially own 30.2% of the Company’s common or common-equivalent equity (on an as-converted and fully-diluted basis), calculated based on the number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding as of November 8, 2024.
Current wording
Pursuant to the Acquisition Agreement, if the issuance of the Acquisition Earn-Out Stock Consideration would cause Newtek’s “total equity” (as calculated under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, and as implemented and interpreted by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System) in us to exceed one-third of our total equity (the “Total Equity Cap”), then the number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock issuable as Acquisition Earn-Out Stock Consideration will be adjusted so that we will issue to Newtek the maximum number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock that would not cause Newtek’s total equity to exceed the Total Equity Cap, with a corresponding increase to the Acquisition Earn-Out Cash Consideration.
Previous wording
In addition to the Divestiture Closing Consideration, the Sellers are entitled to receive, with respect to each Earn-Out Period described below, certain payments in cash based on the cash revenue, net of any refunds, received by the Buyer that is attributable to the Business (“Revenue”), as follows:
Current wording
On January 2, 2025, we completed the sale to Meteor Mobile of the Transferred Assets. The consideration delivered by Meteor Mobile to us at the closing of the Divestiture consisted of (i) $1,350,000 in cash and (ii) the assumption of all of the liabilities of the Sellers arising out of, or relating to, the Business or the Transferred Assets, other than certain excluded liabilities. In addition to the Divestiture Closing Consideration, we are entitled to receive, with respect to each Earn-Out Period, as defined and described below, certain payments in cash based on the cash revenue, net of any refunds, received by Meteor Mobile that is attributable to the Business (such cash revenue, the “Legacy Business Revenue”), as follows:
Previous wording
In the event of a Change of Control (as defined in the Divestiture Agreement) of the Buyer during any of the Earn-Out Periods, we are entitled to receive an acceleration payment in cash, net of any Divestiture Earn-Out Amounts previously paid to us (the “Acceleration Payment”). If any of the Transferred Assets are sold independently from the other assets of the Buyer, we will be entitled to (i) 50% of the aggregate consideration paid to the Buyer for the Transferred Assets minus (ii) the aggregate amount of any Divestiture Earn-Out Amounts received by the Sellers by the date of the Change of Control, minus (iii) the aggregate amount of any Acceleration Payments previously paid through such date. If any of the Transferred Assets are sold contemporaneously with other assets of the Buyer, we are entitled to (x) the aggregate consideration paid to Buyer for the Transferred Assets multiplied by the ratio of the trailing 12-month EBITDA of the Transferred Assets sold and the EBITDA of all assets sold minus (y) the aggregate amount of any Divestiture Earn-Out Amounts received by the Sellers by the date of the Change of Control, minus (z) the aggregate amount of any Acceleration Payments previously paid through such date. The minimum Acceleration Payment for the sale of “Paltalk,” “Camfrog” and “Vumber” is $1,650,000, $450,000 and $300,000, respectively, and the aggregate Acceleration Payment payable to us is capped at $5,000,000.
Current wording
In the event of a change of control (as defined in the Divestiture Agreement) of Meteor Mobile during any of the Earn-Out Periods, we are entitled to receive an acceleration payment in cash, net of any Divestiture Earn-Out Amounts previously paid to us (the “Acceleration Payment”). If any of the Transferred Assets are sold independently from the other assets of Meteor Mobile, we will be entitled to (i) 50% of the aggregate consideration paid to Meteor Mobile for the Transferred Assets minus (ii) the aggregate amount of any Divestiture Earn-Out Amounts received by the Sellers by the date of the change of control, minus (iii) the aggregate amount of any Acceleration Payments previously paid through such date. If any of the Transferred Assets are sold contemporaneously with other assets of Meteor Mobile, we are entitled to (x) the aggregate consideration paid to Meteor Mobile for the Transferred Assets multiplied by the ratio of the trailing 12-month EBITDA of the Transferred Assets sold and the EBITDA of all assets sold minus (y) the aggregate amount of any Divestiture Earn-Out Amounts received by the Sellers by the date of the change of control, minus (z) the aggregate amount of any Acceleration Payments previously paid through such date. The minimum Acceleration Payment for the sale of “Paltalk,” “Camfrog” and “Vumber” is $1,650,000, $450,000 and $300,000, respectively, and the Acceleration Payments payable to us are capped at $5,000,000 in the aggregate.
Previous wording
There was no net cash provided by or used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The net cash used in investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 consisted of the earn-out payment made in connection with the ManyCam acquisition.
Current wording
Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $4,000,000 and related to the cash consideration paid by the Company to Newtek in connection with the Acquisition. There was no cash used in or provided by investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (2)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Product development expense, which relates to the development of technology of our applications, consists primarily of compensation (including stock-based compensation) and other employee-related and consultant-related costs that are not capitalized for personnel engaged in the design, testing and enhancement of service offerings as well as amortization of capitalized website development costs.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Our provision for income taxes consists of federal and state taxes, as applicable, in amounts necessary to align our year-to-date tax provision with the effective rate that we expect to achieve for the full year. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we recorded an income tax benefit of $88,076 and an income tax provision $13,590, respectively, consisting primarily of federal, foreign, state and local taxes.