SIEBERT FINANCIAL CORP

1. Organization and Basis of Presentation

Organization

Siebert Financial Corp., a New York corporation, incorporated in 1934, is a holding company that conducts the following lines of business through its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries:

For purposes of this Report on Form 10-Q, the terms “Siebert,” “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Siebert Financial Corp., MSCO, SNXT, PW, STCH, RISE, GE, and STXD collectively, unless the context otherwise requires.

On August 12, 2024, the Company entered into a Membership Interest Purchase Agreement with GE, whereby the Company purchased 100% of GE from related parties. Refer to Note 3 – Business Combinations for more detail.

The Company is headquartered in Miami Beach, FL with primary operations in Florida, New York, and California. The Company has 10 branch offices throughout the U.S. and clients around the world. The Company’s SEC filings are available through the Company’s website at www.siebert.com, where investors can obtain copies of the Company’s public filings free of charge. The Company’s common stock, par value $.01 per share, trades on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “SIEB.”

The Company primarily operates in the securities brokerage and asset management industry and has no other reportable segments. All of the Company’s revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were derived from its operations in the U.S.

The Company has evaluated the impact of its recent acquisition of GE on its consolidated financial statements and has determined that the acquisition is immaterial. As of September 30, 2024, the Company operates as a single reportable segment based on the factors related to management’s decision-making framework as well as management evaluating performance and allocating resources based on assessments of the Company from a consolidated perspective. Management will continue to monitor the financial significance of the GE acquisition and may report additional segments in accordance with ASC 280 – Segment Reporting.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements (“financial statements”) of the Company have been prepared on the accrual basis of accounting in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“GAAP”) for interim financial information with the instructions for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete annual financial statements. The U.S. dollar is the functional currency of the Company and numbers are rounded for presentation purposes.

In the opinion of management, the financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring entries) necessary to fairly present such interim results. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations which may be expected for a full year or any subsequent period. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto in the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K.

Reclassification

Certain amounts for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and certain cash flows within the Investing Activities section have been reclassified to conform to the presentation of the current period. The reclassification has not materially impacted the Company’s financial statements, and did not result in a change in total revenue, net income or cash flows from operations or investing activities for the periods presented.

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Principles of Consolidation

The financial statements include the accounts of Siebert and its wholly-owned and majority-owned consolidated subsidiaries. Upon consolidation, all intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated. The Company’s ownership in RISE was 68% as of both September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Refer to Note 5 – RISE for more information.

For consolidated subsidiaries that are not wholly-owned, the third-party holdings of equity interests are referred to as noncontrolling interests. The net income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interests for such subsidiaries is presented as net income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in the statements of operations. The portion of total equity that is attributable to noncontrolling interests for such subsidiaries is presented as noncontrolling interests in the statements of financial condition.

For investments in entities in which the Company does not have a controlling financial interest but has significant influence over its operating and financial decisions, the Company applies the equity method of accounting with net income and losses recorded in earnings of equity method investment in related party.

Significant Accounting Policies

The Company’s significant accounting policies are included in Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K and any updates as of September 30, 2024 are listed below.

Accounting for Acquisitions

ASC 805 is used for accounting in business acquisitions. ASC 805 requires that goodwill be recognized separately from assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their acquisition date fair values. Goodwill, as of the date of acquisition, is determined as the excess of the consideration transferred net of the acquisition date fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Fair value estimates at acquisition date may be assessed internally or externally using third parties. As part of the valuation and appraisal process, the third-party appraiser prepares a report assigning estimated acquisition date fair values to assets and liabilities. These fair value estimations are subjective and require careful consideration and sound judgment. Management reviews the third-party reports for fairness of the assigned values.

Intangible Assets, Net

Certain identifiable intangible assets the Company acquires are amortized over their estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis. Amortization expense associated with such intangible assets is included in the “Depreciation and amortization” line item on the statements of income.

The Company evaluates intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis or when events or changes indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company also evaluates the remaining useful lives of intangible assets on an annual basis or when events or changes warrants the remaining period of amortization to be revised.

2. New Accounting Standards

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures.” This ASU updates reportable segment disclosure requirements primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. This ASU is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating this ASU to determine its impact on its disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-09”). The ASU is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The amendments in the ASU address investor requests for enhanced income tax information primarily through changes to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. ASU 2023-09 will be effective for the Company for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, though early adoption is permitted. The Company is still evaluating the presentational effect that ASU 2023-09 will have on its consolidated financial statements, but the Company expects considerable changes to its income tax footnote.

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Accounting Standards Adopted in Fiscal 2024

The Company did not adopt any new accounting standards during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. In addition, the Company has evaluated other recently issued accounting standards and does not believe that any of these standards will have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements and related disclosures as of September 30, 2024.

3. Business Combinations

Overview of Acquisition

On August 12, 2024, the Company entered into a Membership Interest Purchase Agreement by and among the Company, GE and members of the Gebbia family, the (“Gebbia Entertainment Purchase Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company acquired all of the outstanding equity of GE for a purchase price of $1,250,000.

Accounting for Acquisition

The acquisition will be accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations pursuant to ASC 805 – Business Combinations which requires, among other things, that the assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recognized at their fair values as of the proposed acquisition date. ASC 802 – Fair Value Measurements, which establishes a framework for measuring fair values, defines fair value as “the price that would be received to sell an asse or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date”.

Allocation of Purchase Price

The Company was required to allocate the GE purchase price to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired based on their fair values as of August 12, 2024. The excess of the purchase price over those fair values is recorded as goodwill. The Company acquired intangible assets consisting of GE artist contracts, the fair value of which were $778,000 as of the acquisition date.

The fair value of identifiable intangible assets and goodwill was determined primarily through a Discounted Cash Flow (“DCF”) analysis, which falls under the income approach. The valuation included the projection of future cash flows from the intangible asset, discounted at a rate that reflected the company’s weighted average cost of capital and accounting for a company-specific risk premium. Additionally, a perpetuity growth rate was applied beyond the forecast period. Goodwill was calculated as the excess of the acquisition price over the fair value of separable assets, capturing anticipated synergies from the business combination.

The following table summarizes the Company’s allocation of the purchase price as of the date of acquisition:

Since the date of acquisition, there has been no material impact on the Company’s financial statements for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.

4. Transaction with Tigress

The Company entered into agreements and subsequent terminations with Tigress Holdings, LLC (“Tigress”). Refer to Note 3 – Transactions with Tigress and Hedge Connection in the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K for more detail. Information related to transactions with Tigress that impacted the periods presented is detailed below.

During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, no earnings were recognized from the Company’s investment in Tigress. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the earnings recognized from the Company’s investment in Tigress were $0 and $111,000, respectively. As of both September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had no interest in Tigress.

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5. RISE

As of both September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s ownership in RISE was 68% and Siebert consolidated RISE under thevoting interest model (“VOE model”). As of both September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, RISE reported assets of $1.3 million and liabilities of $0. There are no restrictions on RISE’s assets.

6. Kakaopay Transaction

On April 27, 2023, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “First Tranche Stock Purchase Agreement”) with Kakaopay Corporation (“Kakaopay”), a company established under the Laws of the Republic of Korea and a fintech subsidiary of Korean-based conglomerate Kakao Corp. pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue to Kakaopay 8,075,607 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “First Tranche Shares” and, such transaction, the “First Tranche”) at a per share price of Two Dollars Fifteen Cents ($2.15), which represented 19.9% of the outstanding equity securities of the Company on a fully diluted basis (taking into account the issuance of the First Tranche Shares). The First Tranche closed on May 18, 2023.

Refer to Note 5 – Kakaopay Transaction in the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K for further detail.

7. Receivables From, Payables To, and Deposits With Broker-Dealers and Clearing Organizations

Amounts receivable from, payables to, and deposits with broker-dealers and clearing organizations consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:

Under the DTCC shareholders’ agreement, MSCO is required to participate in the DTCC common stock mandatory purchase. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, MSCO had shares of DTCC common stock valued at approximately $1,145,000 and $1,236,000, respectively, which is included within the line item “Deposits with broker-dealers and clearing organizations” on the statements of financial condition.

In September 2022, MSCO and RISE entered into a clearing agreement whereby RISE would introduce clients to MSCO. As part of the agreement, RISE deposited a clearing fund escrow deposit of $50,000 to MSCO, and had cash of approximately $1.2 million and $1.0 million in its brokerage account at MSCO as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The resulting asset of RISE and liability of MSCO is eliminated in consolidation.

8. Fair Value Measurements

Overview

ASC 820 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value as well as a hierarchy of fair value inputs. Refer to the below as well as Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K for further information regarding fair value hierarchy, valuation techniques and other items related to fair value measurements.

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Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The tables below present, by level within the fair value hierarchy, financial assets and liabilities, measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the periods indicated. As required by ASC Topic 820, financial assets and financial liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the respective fair value measurement.

The Company had U.S. government securities, certificates of deposit, municipal securities, and corporate bonds with the market values and maturity dates for the periods indicated below:

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Financial Assets and Liabilities Not Carried at Fair Value

Financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value are recorded at carrying value, which approximates fair value due to their short-term nature. The tables below represents financial instruments in which the ending balances as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are not carried at fair value in the statements of financial condition:

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9. Property, Office Facilities, and Equipment, Net

Property, office facilities, and equipment consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:

Total depreciation expense for property, office facilities, and equipment was $222,000 and $168,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Total depreciation expense for property, office facilities, and equipment was $582,000 and $403,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

On July 7, 2023, the Company entered into a new lease agreement for office space in the World Financial Center in New York City. Depreciation expense commenced in March 2024, when the New York office space was placed into service. The Company invested $9,000 and $818,000 in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 to build out the New York office space. For both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company invested $50,000 to build out the New York office space.

In the second quarter of 2024, the Company completed the construction of its office in Omaha, Nebraska, investing $37,000 and $211,000 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

Miami Office Building

On December 30, 2021, the Company purchased an office building located at 653 Collins Ave, Miami Beach, FL (“Miami office building”). The Miami office building contains approximately 12,000 square feet of office space and serves as the headquarters of the Company.

Depreciation expense commenced in April 2023 when the Miami office building was completed and placed in service. The Company invested $113,000 and $299,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, to build out the Miami office building. The Company invested $211,000 and $1,140,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, to build out the Miami office building.

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10. Software, Net

Software consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:

The Company contracted with a technology vendor in the fourth quarter of 2023 to develop a new retail platform for the Company’s customers and integrate this platform into the Company’s operations (“Retail Platform”). The total software development expense related to this project was $3,469,000 as of September 30, 2024, all of which was capitalized. Amortization for the Retail Platform will commence once it is placed in service, which is expected to be in the second quarter of 2025.

Total amortization of software was $128,000 and $98,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Total amortization of software was $359,000 and $312,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company estimates the following future amortization of software assets:

Transaction with J2 Financial Technology

On January 18, 2024, STCH entered into a Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with J2 Financial Technology, Inc., d/b/a “Guild”, a Delaware corporation (“J2 Financial”).

Under the Purchase Agreement, STCH purchased a mobile self-directed trading app for the total purchase price of $385,000. The purchase price consisted of $35,000 of cash and 200,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock (priced at the historical 30-day moving average as of January 18, 2024) worth approximately $350,000. This purchase is part of the software related to the Retail Platform and recorded in the line item “Software, net” on the statements of financial condition.

11. Leases

As of September 30, 2024, all of the Company’s leases are classified as operating and primarily consist of office space leases expiring in 2024 through 2028. The Company elected not to include short-term leases (i.e., leases with initial terms of less than twelve months), or equipment leases (deemed immaterial) on the statements of financial condition. The Company leases some miscellaneous office equipment, but they are immaterial and therefore the Company records the costs associated with this office equipment on the statements of operations rather than capitalizing them as lease right-of-use assets. The balance of the lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are displayed on the statements of financial condition and the below tables display further detail on the Company’s leases.

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On July 7, 2023, the Company entered into a new lease agreement expiring in December 2028 for office space in the World Financial Center in New York City. This office replaced the New Jersey office as one of the Company’s key operating centers and the total commitment of the lease is approximately $2.1 million.

Lease Commitments

Future annual minimum payments for operating leases with initial terms of greater than one year as of September 30, 2024 were as follows:

12. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net

Goodwill

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s carrying amount of goodwill was $2,319,000 and $1,989,000, respectively. As of September 30, 2024, $1,989,000 of the Company’s carrying amount of goodwill came from the Company’s acquisition of RISE and $330,000 came from the Company’s acquisition of GE. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, management concluded that there have been no impairments to the carrying value of the Company’s goodwill and no impairment charges related to goodwill were recognized during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Refer to Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K for further information.

Other Intangible Assets, Net

As a result of the Company’s acquisition of GE, the Company acquired intangible assets consisting of GE artist contracts, the fair value of which were $778,000 as of the acquisition date. The useful life of the GE artist contracts is 5 years.

13. Long-Term Debt

Mortgage with East West Bank

Overview

On December 30, 2021, the Company purchased the Miami office building for approximately $6.8 million, and the Company entered into a mortgage with East West Bancorp, Inc. (“East West Bank”) for approximately $4 million to finance part of the purchase of the Miami office building as well as $338,000 to finance part of the build out of the Miami office building.

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The Company’s obligations under the mortgage are secured by a lien on the Miami office building and the term of the loan is ten years. The repayment schedule will utilize a 30-year amortization period, with a balloon on the remaining amount due at the end of ten years. The interest rate is 3.6% for the first 7 years, and thereafter the interest rate shall be at the prime rate as reported by the Wall Street Journal, provided that the minimum interest rate on any term loan will not be less than 3.6%. As part of the agreement, the Company must maintain a debt service coverage ratio of 1.4 to 1. The loan is subject to a prepayment penalty over the first five years which is calculated as a percentage of the principal amount outstanding at the time of prepayment. This percentage is 5% in the first year and decreases by 1% each year thereafter, with the prepayment penalty ending after 5 years. As of September 30, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all of its covenants related to this agreement.

Remaining Payments

Future remaining annual minimum principal payments for the mortgage with East West Bank as of September 30, 2024 were as follows:

The interest expense related to this mortgage was $39,000 and $40,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively. The interest expense related to this mortgage was $116,000 and $119,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively. As of September 30, 2024, the interest rate for this mortgage was 3.6%.

14. Deferred Contract Incentive

Effective August 1, 2021, MSCO entered into an amendment to its clearing agreement with NFS that, among other things, extended the term of the arrangement for an additional four-year period commencing on August 1, 2021 and ending July 31, 2025.

As part of this agreement, the Company received a one-time business development credit of $3 million from NFS, and NFS will pay the Company four annual credits of $100,000, which are recorded in the line item “Deferred contract incentive” on the statements of financial condition. Annual credits shall be paid on the anniversary of the date on which the first credit was paid. The business development credit and annual credits will be recognized as contra expense over four years andone year, respectively, in the line item “Clearing fees, including execution costs” on the statements of operations. The amendment also provides for an early termination fee if the Company chooses to end its agreement before the end of the contract term.

In relation to this agreement, the Company recognized $213,000 in contra expense for both the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. For both the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized $637,000 in contra expense. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the balance of the deferred contract incentive was $0.6 million and $1.2 million, respectively.

15. Revenue Recognition

Refer to Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in Company’s 2023 Form 10-K for detail on the Company’s primary sources of revenue and the corresponding accounting treatment. Information related to items that impact certain revenue streams within the periods presented is shown below.

Principal Transactions and Proprietary Trading

The Company continuously invests in treasury bill and treasury notes as part of its normal operations to meet deposit requirements, which are primarily in the line item “Cash and securities segregated for regulatory purposes” on the statements of financial condition, in order to enhance its yield on its excess 15c3-3 deposits. During 2022, there was an increase in U.S. government securities yields, which created an unrealized loss on the Company’s U.S. government securities portfolio. In 2023, the Company recorded substantially all of the reversal of the unrealized loss resulting in a realized and unrealized gain due to the securities coming closer to maturity. Refer to Note 8 – Fair Value Measurements for additional detail.

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The following table represents detail related to principal transactions and proprietary trading.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The table below presents revenue from contracts with customers by major types of services for the periods indicated.

16. Income Taxes

The Company’s provision for income taxes consists of federal and state taxes, as applicable, in amounts necessary to align the Company’s year-to-date tax provision with the effective rate that it expects to achieve for the full year. Each quarter the Company updates its estimate of the annual effective tax rate and records cumulative adjustments as necessary. As of September 30, 2024, the Company has concluded that its deferred tax assets are realizable on a more-likely-than-not basis with the exception of capital loss carryforwards and investments that are expected to generate capital losses when realized.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recorded an income tax provision of $1,005*,*000 and $3,952,000 on pre-tax book income of $4,839,000 and $15,520,000, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was 21% and 25% respectively. The effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily related to certain permanent tax differences and state and local taxes including the impact of finalizing the prior year tax filings.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recorded an income tax provision of $1,516,000 and $3,621,000 on pre-tax book income of $4,273,000 and $12,321,000, respectively. The effective tax rate for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was 35% and 29%, respectively. The effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily related to certain permanent tax differences and state and local taxes including the impact of finalizing the prior year tax filings.

As of both September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company recorded an uncertain tax position of $1,405,000 related to various tax matters, which is included in the line item “Taxes payable” in the statements of financial condition.

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17. Capital Requirements

MSCO

Net Capital

MSCO is subject to the Uniform Net Capital Rules of the SEC (Rule 15c3-1) of the Exchange Act. Under the alternate method permitted by this rule, net capital, as defined, shall not be less than the lower of $1 million or 2% of aggregate debit items arising from customer transactions. As of September 30, 2024, MSCO’s net capital was $62.9 million, which was approximately $61.1 million in excess of its required net capital of $1.8 million, and its percentage of aggregate debit balances to net capital was 69.89%.

As of December 31, 2023, MSCO’s net capital was $56.1 million, which was approximately $54.3 million in excess of its required net capital of $1.8 million, and its percentage of aggregate debit balances to net capital was 63.42%.

Special Reserve Account

MSCO is subject to Customer Protection Rule 15c3-3 which requires segregation of funds in a special reserve account for the exclusive benefit of customers. As of September 30, 2024, MSCO had cash and securities deposits of $216.2 million (cash of $128.4 million, securities with a fair value of $87.8 million) in the special reserve accounts which was $39.5 million in excess of the deposit requirement of $176.7 million. After adjustments for deposit(s) and / or withdrawal(s) made on October 1, 2024, MSCO had $14.5 million in excess of the deposit requirement.

As of December 31, 2023, MSCO had cash and securities deposits of $273.1 million (cash of $157.6 million, securities with a fair value of $115.5 million) in the special reserve accounts which was $26.2 million in excess of the deposit requirement of $246.9 million. After adjustments for deposit(s) and / or withdrawal(s) made on January 2, 2024, MSCO had $3.2 million in excess of the deposit requirement.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company was subject to the PAB Account Rule 15c3-3 of the SEC which requires segregation of funds in a special reserve account for the exclusive benefit of proprietary accounts of introducing broker-dealers. As of September 30, 2024, the Company had $1.3 million in the special reserve account which was approximately $0.1 million in excess of the deposit requirement of approximately $1.2 million. The Company made no subsequent deposits or withdrawals on October 1, 2024.

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had $1.2 million in the special reserve account which was approximately $0.2 million in excess of the deposit requirement of approximately $1.0 million. The Company made no subsequent deposits or withdrawals on January 2, 2024.

RISE

Net Capital

RISE, as a member of FINRA, is subject to the SEC Uniform Net Capital Rule 15c3-1. This rule requires the maintenance of minimum net capital and that the ratio of aggregate indebtedness to net capital, both as defined, shall not exceed 15 to 1 and that equity capital may not be withdrawn, or cash dividends paid if the resulting net capital ratio would exceed 10 to 1. RISE is also subject to the CFTC’s minimum financial requirements which require that RISE maintain net capital, as defined, equal to the greater of its requirements under Regulation 1.17 under the Commodity Exchange Act or Rule 15c3-1.

As of September 30, 2024, RISE’s regulatory net capital was approximately $1.3 million which was $1.0 million in excess of its minimum requirement of $250,000 under 15c3-1. As of December 31, 2023, RISE’s regulatory net capital was approximately $1.3 million which was $1.0 million in excess of its minimum requirement of $250,000 under 15c3-1.

18. Financial Instruments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk

The Company enters into various transactions to meet the needs of customers, conduct trading activities, and manage market risks and is, therefore, subject to varying degrees of market and credit risk. Refer to the below as well as Note 20 – Financial Instruments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk in the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K for further information.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company had margin loans extended to its customers of approximately $369.1 million, of which $78.2 million is within the line item “Receivables from customers” on the statements of financial condition. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had margin loans extended to its customers of approximately $338.1 million, of which $72.8 million is in the line item “Receivables from customers” on the statements of financial condition. There wereno material losses for unsettled customer transactions for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

The Company accounts for securities lending transactions in accordance with ASC Topic 210-20. The Company does not net securities borrowed and securities loaned and these items are presented on a gross basis on the statements of financial condition. The following table presents information about the Company’s securities borrowing and lending activity depicting the potential effect of rights of setoff between these recognized assets and liabilities.

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19. Commitments, Contingencies, and Other

Legal and Regulatory Matters

The Company is party to certain claims, suits and complaints arising in the ordinary course of business. As of September 30, 2024, the Company does not expect that these claims, suits and complaints will have a material impact on its results of operations or financial position.

On April 18, 2024, the Company received a notification from Nasdaq Regulation that the Company no longer complied with Nasdaq’s Listing Rules (the “Nasdaq Rules”) for continued listing, as a result of the Company’s failure to file its 2023 Form 10-K. The Company regained compliance with the Nasdaq Rules in connection with the filing of its 2023 Form 10-K on May 10, 2024.

Overnight Financing

As of both September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, MSCO had an available line of credit for short term overnight demand borrowing with BMO Harris Bank (“BMO Harris”) of up to $25 million. As of those dates, MSCO had no outstanding loan balance and there were no commitment fees or other restrictions on the line of credit. The Company utilizes customer or firm securities as a pledge for short-term borrowing needs. There was $2,000 and $0 in interest expense for this line of credit for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. There was $5,000 and $0 in interest expense for this line of credit for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. There wereno fees related to this line of credit for the three or nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Credit Agreement

On August 15, 2024, the Company entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with East West Bank (the “Lender”), a California banking corporation, dated as of July 29, 2024. The Credit Agreement provides for a revolving credit facility of up to $20,000,000. The initial term of the Credit Agreement is two years. The Company may use any borrowings under the Credit Agreement for acquisitions, stock buybacks, and for general corporate purposes in an amount not to exceed $10,000,000. Obligations under the Credit Agreement shall be guaranteed by John J. Gebbia, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Gloria E. Gebbia, a Director of the Company, and John J. Gebbia and Gloria E. Gebbia, as co-trustees of the John and Gloria Living Trust.

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement will bear interest on the outstanding daily balance at a rate of interest per annum equal to the greater of: (a) the one-month Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“Term SOFR”), as administered by CME Group Benchmark Administration plus 3.15% and (b)7.50%. The origination fee is equal to one half of one percent (0.50%) of the $20,000,000 revolver cap. The Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative covenants and negative covenants and requires the Company to maintain aminimum debt service coverage ratio of not less than 1.35:1.00 and minimum net capital of $43,000,000.

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NFS Contract

Effective August 1, 2021, MSCO entered into an amendment to its clearing agreement with NFS that, among other things, extends the term of the arrangement for an additional four-year period commencing on August 1, 2021 and ending July 31, 2025. If the Company chooses to exit this agreement before the end of the contract term, the Company is under the obligation to pay an early termination fee upon occurrence pursuant to the table below:

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, there has been no expense recognized for any early termination fees. The Company believes that it is unlikely it will have to make material payments related to early termination fees and has not recorded any contingent liability in the financial statements related to this arrangement.

Technology Vendor

The Company has entered into agreements with technology vendors for certain development projects related to its Retail Platform. As of September 30, 2024, the Company incurred costs of approximately $2.8 million for these vendors.

General Contingencies

The Company’s general contingencies are included in Note 21 – Commitments, Contingencies, and Other in the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K. Other than the below, there have been no material updates to the Company’s general contingencies during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.

The Company is self-insured with respect to employee health claims. As part of this plan, the Company recognized expenses of $229,000 and $336,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized expenses of $956,000 and $782,000, respectively.

The Company had an accrual of $90,000 and $64,000 as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, which represents the estimate of future expense to be recognized for claims incurred during the periods.

The Company believes that its present insurance coverage and reserves are sufficient to cover currently estimated exposures, but there can be no assurance that the Company will not incur liabilities in excess of recorded reserves or in excess of its insurance limits.

20. Employee Benefit Plans

The Company sponsors a defined-contribution retirement plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code that covers substantially all employees (“401(k) plan”). Participant contributions to the 401(k) plan are voluntary and are subject to certain limitations. The Company may also make discretionary contributions to the plan. For 401(k) employee contribution matching, the Company incurred an expense of $13,000 and $26,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred an expense of $176,000 and $135,000, respectively.

On September 17, 2021, the Company’s shareholders approved the Siebert Financial Corp. 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”). The Plan provides for the grant of stock options, restricted stock, and other equity awards of the Company’s common stock to employees, officers, consultants, directors, affiliates and other service providers of the Company. There were 3 million shares reserved under the Plan and 2,214,000 and 2,704,000 and shares remained as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

The table below presents the Plan awards granted and the related fair values for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

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As of September 30, 2024, there was $158,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested shares granted. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.8 years.

The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $696,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, with $460,000 included in “Employee compensation and benefits” and $236,000 fully capitalized within “Software, net” on the statements of financial condition.

21. Related Party Disclosures

KCA

Gloria E. Gebbia, who is a director of Siebert, is the managing member of Kennedy Cabot Acquisition, LLC (“KCA”). As a result, KCA is an affiliate of the Company and is under common ownership with the Company. To gain efficiencies and economies of scale with billing and administrative functions, during 2023 KCA had an agreement with the Company to serve as a paymaster for the Company for payroll and related functions including serving as the sponsor for the Company’s 401(k) plan. KCA passed through any expense or revenue related to this function to the subsidiaries of the Company proportionally. The Company incurred $10,000 and $40,000 of expenses related to these services for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. This agreement was terminated as of January 1, 2024.

KCA owns a license from the Muriel Siebert Estate / Foundation to use the names “Muriel Siebert & Co., Inc.” and “Siebert” within business activities, which expires in 2025. For the use of these names, KCA passed through to the Company its cost of $15,000 in both the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. For both the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, KCA passed through to the Company its cost of $45,000.

Other than the above arrangements, KCA has earned no profit for providing any services to the Company as KCA passed through any revenue or expenses to the Company’s subsidiaries for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

PW

PW brokers the insurance policies for related parties. Revenue for PW from related parties was $26,000 and $8,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Revenue for PW from related parties was $75,000 and $99,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Gloria E. Gebbia, John J. Gebbia, and Gebbia Family Members

The three sons of Gloria E. Gebbia and John J. Gebbia hold executive positions within the Company’s subsidiaries and their compensation was in aggregate $1,054,000 and $748,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The compensation for the sons of Gloria E. Gebbia and John J. Gebbia was in aggregate $2,593,000 and $1,878,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Part of their compensation includes payments related to key revenue streams.

On May 22, 2023, Gloria E. Gebbia issued a warrant to BCW Securities LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, to purchase 403,780 shares of common stock of the Company held by Gloria E. Gebbia at an exercise price of $2.15 per share. Refer to Note 6 - Kakaopay Transaction for more information.

Gebbia Sullivan County Land Trust

The Company operates on a month-to-month lease agreement for its branch office in Omaha, Nebraska with the Gebbia Sullivan County Land Trust, the trustee of which is a member of the Gebbia Family. For both the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, rent expense was $15,000 for this branch office. For both the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, rent expense was $45,000 for this branch office.

The Company has completed construction of its branch office in Omaha, Nebraska. Refer to Note 9 – Property, Office Facilities, and Equipment, net for further detail.

Credit Agreement

On August 15, 2024, the Company entered into the Credit Agreement with the Lender whereby John J. Gebbia and Gloria E. Gebbia, along with the John and Gloria Living Trust, are guaranteeing the Company’s obligations under the Credit Agreement with the Lender. Refer to Note 19 - Commitments, Contingencies, and Other for more information.

Gebbia Entertainment, LLC

On August 12, 2024, the Company acquired 100% of GE, a music and entertainment company owned by John J. Gebbia, Gloria E. Gebbia, and David Gebbia. Refer to Note 3 – Business Combinations, for further detail.

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Kakaopay and Affiliates

On April 27, 2023, the Company entered into the First Tranche Stock Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue to Kakaopay the First Tranche Shares at a per share price of Two Dollars Fifteen Cents ($2.15). Refer to Note 6 – Kakaopay Transaction for further details on the transaction. MSCO entered into an agreement whereby it would provide an omnibus trading account for Kakaopay’s subsidiary, Kakao Pay Securities Corp., and provide trade execution services to Kakao Pay Securities Corp., subject to compliance with applicable U.S. laws, rules and regulations.

Tigress

The Company has entered into various agreements and subsequent terminations with Tigress. Refer to Note 4 – Transaction with Tigress for further detail.

RISE

In September 2022, MSCO and RISE entered into a clearing arrangement whereby RISE would introduce clients to MSCO. As part of the agreement, RISE deposited a clearing fund escrow deposit of $50,000 to MSCO, and had excess cash of approximately $1.2 million and $1.0 million in its brokerage account at MSCO as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The resulting asset of RISE and liability of MSCO is eliminated in consolidation.

22. Subsequent Events

The Company has evaluated events that have occurred subsequent to September 30, 2024 and through November 12, 2024, the date of the filing of this Report.

Based on the Company’s assessment, there have been no material subsequent events that occurred during such period that would require disclosure in this Report or would be required to be recognized in the financial statements as of September 30, 2024.

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