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Cogent Biosciences, Inc.

For the period ended Jun 30, 2026. Filed Aug 10, 2026.

View on SEC.gov

About this filing

A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.

Jun 30, 2026 · Filed Aug 10, 2026

COGT$31.65+7.0%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026

What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?

Read the current filing

Previous report: 10-Q

Period ended 2026-03-31; filed 2026-05-05.

0001193125-26-205170

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Current report: 10-Q

Period ended 2026-06-30; filed 2026-08-10.

0001193125-26-342393

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.

Compared 139 previous paragraphs and 137 current paragraphs.

100 unchanged; 26 reworded; 6 added; 13 removed; 0 previous and 5 current paragraphs rearranged.

Tables are not compared: 3 previous and 5 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.

A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.

Added paragraphs (6)

Current report

As of June 30, 2026, we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $792.3 million. We believe that our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, with the $71.4 million net proceeds from shares sold under our ATM after the end of the quarter, will be sufficient to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements into late 2028, including through potential FDA approval of bezuclastinib and commercial launch for SM and GIST.

Current report

Total research and development expense increased by $8.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025. The increase was primarily driven by costs to support the SUMMIT, PEAK and APEX clinical programs, regulatory activities associated with potential approvals of bezuclastinib, continued investment in the company's early-stage research pipeline, and pre-approval manufacturing costs that would otherwise be capitalized following anticipated FDA approval. The change also includes an increase in stock-based compensation expense of $3.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025.

Current report

Total research and development expense increased by $20.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025. The increase was primarily driven by costs to support the SUMMIT, PEAK and APEX clinical programs, regulatory activities associated with potential approvals of bezuclastinib, continued investment in the company's early-stage research pipeline, and pre-approval manufacturing costs that would otherwise be capitalized following anticipated FDA approval. The change also includes an increase in stock-based compensation expense of $7.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025.

Current report

General and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2026 were $60.1 million, compared to $25.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025. The increase in general and administrative expenses was driven by continued investments in commercial readiness, including personnel and infrastructure to support the potential launch of bezuclastinib, as well as overall organizational growth.

Current report

As of June 30, 2026, we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $792.3 million. We believe that our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, with the $71.4 million net proceeds from shares sold under our ATM after the end of the quarter, will be sufficient to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements into late 2028, including through potential FDA approval of bezuclastinib and commercial launch for SM and GIST.
Removed paragraphs (13)

Previous report

As of March 31, 2026, we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $866.4 million. We believe that our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements into 2028, including through potential FDA approval of bezuclastinib and commercial launch for SM and GIST.

Previous report

Total research and development expense increased by $12.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025, driven by increased early-stage, preclinical and discovery programs as we advance our pipeline of programs into Phase 1 clinical trials and IND-enabling studies, and includes one-time costs associated with the wind down of the FGFR 2/3 clinical program. The increase is also driven by higher personnel costs resulting from an increase in headcount and includes stock-based compensation expense, which increased by $3.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Previous report

As of March 31, 2026, we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $866.4 million. We believe that our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements into 2028, including through potential FDA approval of bezuclastinib and commercial launch for SM and GIST.
Reworded paragraphs (26)

Previous wording

We are a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on developing precision therapies for genetically defined diseases. Our approach is to design rational precision therapies that treat the underlying cause of disease and improve the lives of patients. Our most advanced program is bezuclastinib, also known as CGT9486, a highly selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is designed to potently inhibit the KIT D816V mutation as well as other mutations in KIT exon 17. In the vast majority of cases, KIT D816V is responsible for driving Systemic Mastocytosis (“SM”), a serious and rare disease caused by unchecked proliferation of mast cells. Exon 17 mutations are also found in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (“GIST”), a type of cancer with strong dependence on oncogenic KIT signaling. Bezuclastinib is a highly selective and potent KIT inhibitor with the potential to provide a new treatment option for these patient populations. We are developing bezuclastinib to treat patients living with Non-Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis (“NonAdvSM”), Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis (“AdvSM”) and GIST, and in 2025 we reported positive top-line results from registrational trials in each of these indications.

Current wording

We are a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on developing precision therapies for genetically defined diseases. Our approach is to design rational precision therapies that treat the underlying cause of disease and improve the lives of patients. Our most advanced program is bezuclastinib, also known as CGT9486, a highly selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is designed to potently inhibit the KIT D816V mutation as well as other mutations in KIT exon 17. In the vast majority of cases, KIT D816V is responsible for driving Systemic Mastocytosis (“SM”), a serious and rare disease caused by unchecked proliferation of mast cells. Exon 17 mutations are also found in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (“GIST”), a type of cancer with strong dependence on oncogenic KIT signaling. Bezuclastinib is a highly selective and potent KIT inhibitor with the potential to provide a new treatment option for these patient populations. We are developing bezuclastinib to treat patients living with Non-Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis (“NonAdvSM”), Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis (“AdvSM”) and GIST. In 2025 we reported positive top-line results from registrational trials in each of these indications, and we subsequently filed three New Drug Applications (each, an “NDA”) that are all currently pending review with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”).

Previous wording

In addition to bezuclastinib, we have a growing portfolio of novel targeted therapy candidates. We initiated a Phase 1 dose escalation study of our CNS-penetrant, selective mutant ErbB2 inhibitor in the fourth quarter of 2025, and we initiated a Phase 1 dose escalation study of our potential best-in-class, wild-type-sparing, PI3Kα inhibitor in the first quarter of 2026. The Cogent Research Team is also developing additional targeted therapies to help patients fighting serious, genetically driven diseases, including programs targeting mutations in KRAS and JAK2.

Current wording

In addition to bezuclastinib, we have a growing portfolio of novel targeted therapy candidates. We have an ongoing Phase 1 dose escalation study of our CNS-penetrant, selective mutant ErbB2 inhibitor and a Phase 1 dose escalation study of our potential best-in-class, wild-type-sparing, PI3Kα inhibitor. The Cogent Research Team is also developing additional targeted therapies to help patients fighting serious, genetically driven diseases, including programs targeting mutations in KRAS and JAK2.

Previous wording

SUMMIT is our registration-directed randomized, global, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-part Phase 2 clinical trial for patients with NonAdvSM. The study is designed to explore the safety and efficacy of bezuclastinib in patients with moderate to severe NonAdvSM, which includes Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis (“ISM”), Smoldering Systemic Mastocytosis (“SSM”) and Bone Marrow Mastocytosis. APEX is our registration-directed global, open-label, multi-center, Phase 2 clinical trial in patients with AdvSM evaluating the safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic profiles of bezuclastinib. We reported top-line results from our SUMMIT trial in July 2025 and full results in December 2025, as well as top-line results from our APEX trial in December 2025, all of which were positive and achieved all primary and key secondary endpoints.

Current wording

SUMMIT is our registration-directed randomized, global, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-part Phase 2 clinical trial for patients with NonAdvSM. The study is designed to explore the safety and efficacy of bezuclastinib in patients with moderate to severe NonAdvSM, which includes Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis (“ISM”), Smoldering Systemic Mastocytosis (“SSM”) and Bone Marrow Mastocytosis. APEX is our registration-directed global, open-label, multi-center, Phase 2 clinical trial in patients with AdvSM evaluating the safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic profiles of bezuclastinib. We reported top-line results from our SUMMIT trial in July 2025 and full results in December 2025, as well as top-line results from our APEX trial in December 2025 and full results in June 2026, all of which were positive and achieved all primary and key secondary endpoints.

Previous wording

We submitted the first New Drug Application (“NDA”) for bezuclastinib in patients with NonAdvSM in December 2025, which was accepted by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") in March 2026. The FDA assigned a Prescription Drug User Fee Act ("PDUFA") target action date of December 30, 2026. We expect to submit an NDA in the first half of 2026 for patients with AdvSM. In October 2025, the FDA granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation for bezuclastinib in NonAdvSM patients previously treated with avapritinib as well as in patients with SSM, both patient populations with no currently approved standard of care. The FDA and European Medicines Agency (“EMA”) have granted orphan drug designation to bezuclastinib for the treatment of Mastocytosis.

Current wording

We submitted the first NDA for bezuclastinib in patients with NonAdvSM in December 2025, which was accepted by the FDA in March 2026. The FDA assigned a Prescription Drug User Fee Act ("PDUFA") target action date of December 30, 2026. We submitted an NDA in June 2026 for patients with AdvSM. In October 2025, the FDA granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation for bezuclastinib in NonAdvSM patients previously treated with avapritinib as well as in patients with SSM, both patient populations with no currently approved standard of care. The FDA and European Medicines Agency (“EMA”) have granted orphan drug designation to bezuclastinib for the treatment of Mastocytosis.

Previous wording

PEAK is our randomized open-label, global Phase 3 clinical trial designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of bezuclastinib in combination with sunitinib compared to sunitinib alone in patients with locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic GIST who have received prior treatment with imatinib. We announced positive top-line results from PEAK in November 2025, which demonstrated a substantial and highly statistically significant clinical benefit on the primary endpoint of progression free survival (“PFS”). Median PFS was 16.5 months for the bezuclastinib combination vs. 9.2 months for sunitinib monotherapy, and the bezuclastinib combination reduced the risk of disease progression or death by 50% compared to sunitinib monotherapy. In January 2026, we announced that the FDA agreed to accept our NDA for bezuclastinib in combination with sunitinib for patients with GIST who have received prior treatment with imatinib under the Real-Time Oncology Review (“RTOR”) program and we submitted our GIST NDA in March 2026 under this program. In January 2026, the FDA also granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation (“BTD”) for bezuclastinib in combination with sunitinib for patients with GIST who have received prior treatment with imatinib. Bezuclastinib has been granted orphan drug designation for the treatment of GIST by the FDA and under the Orphan Drug Act and the EMA. We plan to present detailed clinical data from PEAK at the 2026 American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting in May 2026.

Current wording

PEAK is our randomized open-label, global Phase 3 clinical trial designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of bezuclastinib in combination with sunitinib compared to sunitinib alone in patients with locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic GIST who have received prior treatment with imatinib. We reported top-line results from our PEAK trial in November 2025 and full results in May 2026, which demonstrated a substantial and highly statistically significant clinical benefit on the primary endpoint of progression free survival (“PFS”). Median PFS was 16.5 months for the bezuclastinib combination vs. 9.2 months for sunitinib monotherapy, and the bezuclastinib combination reduced the risk of disease progression or death by 50% compared to sunitinib monotherapy. In January 2026, we announced that the FDA agreed to accept our NDA for bezuclastinib in combination with sunitinib for patients with GIST who have received prior treatment with imatinib under the Real-Time Oncology Review (“RTOR”) program and we submitted our GIST NDA in March 2026 under this program, which was accepted by the FDA with Priority Review in May 2026. The FDA assigned a PDUFA target action date of November 30, 2026. In January 2026, the FDA also granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation (“BTD”) for bezuclastinib in combination with sunitinib for patients with GIST who have received prior treatment with imatinib. Bezuclastinib has been granted orphan drug designation for the treatment of GIST by the FDA under the Orphan Drug Act and by the EMA.

Previous wording

In mid-2026, we expect to initiate a Phase 2 trial investigating the benefit of the bezuclastinib plus sunitinib combination for first-line GIST patients with exon 9 mutations who are naive to, or recently initiated treatment with, imatinib.

Current wording

During the second quarter of 2026, we initiated a Phase 2 trial investigating the benefit of the bezuclastinib plus sunitinib combination for first-line GIST patients with exon 9 mutations who are naive to, or recently initiated treatment with, imatinib.

Previous wording

Worldwide rights to develop and commercialize bezuclastinib are exclusively licensed from Plexxikon Inc., a member of the Daiichi Sankyo Group (“Plexxikon”). Under the terms of the license agreement, Plexxikon received an upfront payment and is eligible for additional development milestones of up to $7.5 million upon the satisfaction of certain clinical milestones and up to $25.0 million upon the satisfaction of certain regulatory milestones. During the second quarter of 2022, as a result of the progression of the PEAK study, the first clinical milestone was achieved, resulting in payment of $2.5 million to Plexxikon in June 2022. In the fourth quarter of 2025, $5.0 million became payable upon the achievement of certain regulatory milestones and was paid in the first quarter of 2026. An additional $15.0 million may become payable in the next twelve months as a result of the achievement of additional regulatory milestones.

Current wording

Worldwide rights to develop and commercialize bezuclastinib are exclusively licensed from Plexxikon Inc., a member of the Daiichi Sankyo Group (“Plexxikon”). Under the terms of the license agreement, Plexxikon received an upfront payment and is eligible for additional development milestones of up to $7.5 million upon the satisfaction of certain clinical milestones and up to $25.0 million upon the satisfaction of certain regulatory milestones. During the second quarter of 2022, as a result of the progression of the PEAK study, the first clinical milestone was achieved, resulting in payment of $2.5 million to Plexxikon in June 2022. In the fourth quarter of 2025, $5.0 million became payable upon the achievement of certain regulatory milestones and was paid in the first quarter of 2026. An additional $15.0 million may become payable in the next twelve months as a result of the achievement of additional regulatory milestones. Plexxikon is also eligible to receive tiered royalties ranging from a low-single digit percentage to a high-single digit percentage on annual net sales of products, on a product-by-product and country-by-country basis until the later of the expiration of the last valid claim of a licensed Plexxikon patent covering the applicable product in a country or the tenth anniversary of the first commercial sale of the product in that country.

Previous wording

Patents protecting bezuclastinib include composition of matter claims which have been issued in the United States and other key territories and provide exclusivity through 2033 and potentially beyond through patent term extensions. In addition, we have pending patent applications in the United States and other key territories that seeks to protect our optimized formulation of bezuclastinib, which could potentially provide exclusivity through at least 2043, as well as a pending U.S. provisional patent application directed to methods of administering bezuclastinib, which could potentially provide exclusivity through at least 2046.

Current wording

Patents protecting bezuclastinib include composition of matter claims which have been issued in the United States and other key territories and provide exclusivity through 2033 and potentially beyond through patent term extensions. In addition, we have pending patent applications in the United States and other key territories that seek to protect our optimized formulation of bezuclastinib, which could potentially provide exclusivity through at least 2043, as well as a pending U.S. provisional patent application directed to methods of administering bezuclastinib, which could potentially provide exclusivity through at least 2046.

Previous wording

We are also advancing a novel, ErbB2 mutant program, which is focused on actionable and underserved mutations in a variety of solid tumor systemic and CNS involved indications. HER2 alterations such as amplification, overexpression, insertions, and point mutations, are established oncogenic drivers in many solid tumors. Activating HER2 mutations are found in 2-4% of advanced lung cancers and have emerged as mechanisms of acquired resistance to targeted therapies. Patients with HER2 mutant lung tumors develop more brain metastasis during treatment than patients with any other oncogenic drivers in lung cancer. Addressing brain metastasis in this group of patients remains a clinical challenge with limited therapeutic options. Approved HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors have inferior potency against key mutations and lack sufficient brain penetration to be an impactful treatment option for patients with brain metastasis. We received clearance from the FDA on our investigational new drug application (“IND”) submission for CGT4255 and initiated a Phase 1 dose escalation study in the fourth quarter of 2025.

Current wording

We are also advancing a novel, ErbB2 mutant program, which is focused on actionable and underserved mutations in a variety of solid tumor systemic and CNS involved indications. HER2 alterations such as amplification, overexpression, insertions, and point mutations, are established oncogenic drivers in many solid tumors. Activating HER2 mutations are found in 2-4% of advanced lung cancers and have emerged as mechanisms of acquired resistance to targeted therapies. Patients with HER2 mutant lung tumors develop more brain metastasis during treatment than patients with any other oncogenic drivers in lung cancer. Addressing brain metastasis in this group of patients remains a clinical challenge with limited therapeutic options. Approved HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors have inferior potency against key mutations and lack sufficient brain penetration to be an impactful treatment option for patients with brain metastasis. We received clearance from the FDA on our investigational new drug application (“IND”) submission for CGT4255 and have an ongoing Phase 1 dose escalation study.

Previous wording

Our research team is developing a potential best-in-class, wild-type-sparing, PI3Kα inhibitor that provides coverage of both the H1047R mutation as well as E542K and E545K helical mutants, which affects >30,000 cancer patients each year. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (“PI3K”) pathway is a key cell cycle regulating pathway that has an established role in tumor growth and development. PI3Kα mutations are highly prevalent in many solid tumors and are present in 36% of all breast cancer patients. The approved agents for these patients often lead to dose limitations, resulting from activity against wild-type PI3Kα. IND-enabling studies have been completed for CGT6297 and we submitted an IND application for this program in the fourth quarter of 2025. We initiated a Phase 1 dose escalation study in the first quarter of 2026.

Current wording

Our research team is developing a potential best-in-class, wild-type-sparing, PI3Kα inhibitor that provides coverage of both the H1047R mutation as well as E542K and E545K helical mutants, which affects >30,000 cancer patients each year. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (“PI3K”) pathway is a key cell cycle regulating pathway that has an established role in tumor growth and development. PI3Kα mutations are highly prevalent in many solid tumors and are present in 36% of all breast cancer patients. The approved agents for these patients often lead to dose limitations, resulting from activity against wild-type PI3Kα. IND-enabling studies have been completed for CGT6297 and we submitted an IND application for this program in the fourth quarter of 2025. We have an ongoing Phase 1 dose escalation study.

Previous wording

Our research team is developing a potent and selective KRAS inhibitor. Mutations in KRAS are among the most prevalent mutations found in cancer, occurring most often in colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer. We plan submit an IND for this program in 2026.

Current wording

Our research team is developing a potent and selective KRAS inhibitor. Mutations in KRAS are among the most prevalent mutations found in cancer, occurring most often in colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer. We plan to submit an IND for this program in 2026.

Previous wording

Since our inception in 2014, we have focused significant efforts and financial resources on establishing and protecting our intellectual property portfolio, conducting research and development of our product candidates, manufacturing drug product material for use in preclinical studies and clinical trials, staffing our company, and raising capital. We do not have any products approved for sale and have not generated any revenue from product sales. Our net loss was $97.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to net loss of $72.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2026, we had an accumulated deficit of $1,285.8 million. We expect to continue to incur significant expenses and operating losses for at least the next several years. We expect that our expenses and capital requirements will increase substantially in connection with our ongoing activities, particularly if and as we:

Current wording

Since our inception in 2014, we have focused significant efforts and financial resources on establishing and protecting our intellectual property portfolio, conducting research and development of our product candidates, manufacturing drug product material for use in preclinical studies and clinical trials, staffing our company, and raising capital. We do not have any products approved for sale and have not generated any revenue from product sales. Our net loss was $193.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to net loss of $145.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025. As of June 30, 2026, we had an accumulated deficit of $1,382.2 million. We expect to continue to incur significant expenses and operating losses for at least the next several years. We expect that our expenses and capital requirements will increase substantially in connection with our ongoing activities, particularly if and as we:

Previous wording

Interest expense consists of interest incurred on the Notes and Credit Facility (as defined below) and associated amortization of issuance costs and the accretion of debt discount.

Current wording

Interest expense consists of interest incurred on the Notes and the Credit Facility (as defined below) and associated amortization of issuance costs and the accretion of debt discount.

Previous wording

General and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2026 were $28.2 million, compared to $11.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to higher personnel and related costs associated with the build-out of our commercial organization and other supporting functions in preparation for our planned commercial launch..

Current wording

General and administrative expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2026 were $31.8 million, compared to $13.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025. The increase in general and administrative expenses was driven by continued investments in commercial readiness, including personnel and infrastructure to support the potential launch of bezuclastinib, as well as overall organizational growth.

Previous wording

Interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was $7.6 million, compared to $3.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The increase is due to higher invested balances in cash equivalents and marketable securities.

Current wording

Interest income for the three months ended June 30, 2026 was $7.5 million, compared to $2.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025. The increase is due to higher invested balances in cash equivalents and marketable securities.

Previous wording

Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was $1.2 million related to the Notes and associated amortization of financing costs and the accretion of debt discount. Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was nil.

Current wording

Interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2026 was $1.2 million related to the Notes and associated amortization of financing costs and the accretion of debt discount. Interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2025 was $0.3 million related to the Credit Facility and associated amortization of financing costs and the accretion of debt discount.

Previous wording

On May 6, 2022, we entered into a Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with Guggenheim Securities, LLC (“Guggenheim Securities”), pursuant to which we may issue and sell, from time to time, shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $75.0 million through Guggenheim Securities, as the sales agent, in an at the market offering (“ATM”) registered under a shelf registration statement on Form S-3. On November 7, 2025, we amended the Sales Agreement to increase the aggregate offering price to up to $300.0 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, 1,340,699 shares were sold under the Sales Agreement for net proceeds of approximately $45.7 million. As of March 31, 2026, $88.6 million remained unsold and available for sale under the Sales Agreement.

Current wording

On May 6, 2022, we entered into a Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with Guggenheim Securities, LLC (“Guggenheim Securities”), pursuant to which we may issue and sell, from time to time, shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $75.0 million through Guggenheim Securities, as the sales agent, in an at the market offering (“ATM”) registered under a shelf registration statement on Form S-3. On November 7, 2025, we amended the Sales Agreement to increase the aggregate offering price to up to $300.0 million. No shares were sold under the Sales Agreement during the three months ended June 30, 2026. During the six months ended June 30, 2026, 1,340,699 shares were sold under the Sales Agreement for net proceeds of approximately $45.7 million. As of June 30, 2026, $88.6 million remained unsold and available for sale under the Sales Agreement. Subsequent to June 30, 2026, 1,743,528 shares of common stock were sold under the Sales Agreement for net proceeds of approximately $71.4 million.

Previous wording

As of March 31, 2026, we have 185,143,303 shares outstanding on an as-converted basis, which consists of (i) 170,773,803 shares of common stock outstanding, (ii) 39,414 shares of Series A Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock that are convertible into 9,853,500 shares of common stock and (iii) 4,516 shares of Series B Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock that are convertible into 4,516,000 shares of common stock.

Current wording

As of June 30, 2026, we have 185,967,909 shares outstanding on an as-converted basis, which consists of (i) 171,598,409 shares of common stock outstanding, (ii) 39,414 shares of Series A Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock that are convertible into 9,853,500 shares of common stock and (iii) 4,516 shares of Series B Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock that are convertible into 4,516,000 shares of common stock.

Previous wording

Net cash used in operating activities was $86.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and primarily consisted of a net loss of $97.4 million, adjusted for changes in our net working capital and other non-cash items, including stock-based compensation of $16.9 million.

Current wording

Net cash used in operating activities was $164.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026 and primarily consisted of a net loss of $193.8 million, adjusted for changes in our net working capital and other non-cash items, including stock-based compensation of $34.0 million.

Previous wording

Net cash used in operating activities was $66.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and primarily consisted of a net loss of $72.0 million, adjusted for changes in our net working capital and other non-cash items, including stock-based compensation of $10.0 million.

Current wording

Net cash used in operating activities was $121.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and primarily resulted from our net loss of $145.5 million, adjusted for changes in our net working capital and other non-cash items, including stock-based compensation of $19.7 million.

Previous wording

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, net cash used in investing activities was $36.5 million, which consisted of purchases of marketable securities and property and equipment, partially offset by maturities and sales of marketable securities.

Current wording

During the six months ended June 30, 2026, net cash used in investing activities was $22.2 million, which consisted of purchases of marketable securities and property and equipment, partially offset by maturities and sales of marketable securities.

Previous wording

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, net cash provided by investing activities was $69.4 million, which consisted of maturities and sales of marketable securities, partially offset by purchases of property and equipment.

Current wording

During the six months ended June 30, 2025, net cash provided by investing activities was $78.3 million which consisted of maturities and sales of marketable securities, partially offset by purchases of property and equipment and marketable securities.

Previous wording

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, net cash provided by financing activities was $52.5 million, which consisted of $45.7 million in proceeds from the issuance of common stock under the ATM, net of paid issuance costs, proceeds from the issuance of common stock upon stock option exercises, and proceeds from the issuance of common stock under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

Current wording

During the six months ended June 30, 2026, net cash provided by financing activities was $55.5 million, which consisted of $45.7 million in proceeds from the issuance of common stock under the ATM, net of paid issuance costs, proceeds from the issuance of common stock upon stock option exercises, and proceeds from the issuance of common stock under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

Previous wording

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, net cash provided by financing activities was $25.0 million, which consisted of $24.3 million in proceeds from the issuance of common stock under the ATM, net of paid offering costs, proceeds from the issuance of common stock under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan and proceeds from the issuance of common stock upon stock option exercises.

Current wording

During the six months ended June 30, 2025, net cash provided by financing activities was $72.2 million, which consisted of $47.2 million in proceeds from the Credit Facility, net of paid issuance costs, $24.3 million in proceeds from the issuance of common stock under the ATM, net of paid issuance costs, proceeds from the issuance of common stock under the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and proceeds from the issuance of common stock upon stock option exercises.

Previous wording

As of March 31, 2026, we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $866.4 million. We believe that our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements into 2028, including through potential FDA approval of bezuclastinib and commercial launch for SM and GIST. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could exhaust our available capital resources sooner than we expect.

Current wording

As of June 30, 2026, we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $792.3 million. We believe that our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, with the $71.4 million net proceeds from shares sold under our ATM after the end of the quarter, will be sufficient to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements into late 2028, including through potential FDA approval of bezuclastinib and commercial launch for SM and GIST. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could exhaust our available capital resources sooner than we expect.

Previous wording

There have been no material changes in our critical accounting policies during the three months ended March 31, 2026, as compared to those described under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Current wording

There have been no material changes in our critical accounting policies during the six months ended June 30, 2026, as compared to those described under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Rearranged current paragraphs (5)

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025:

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

The following table summarizes our research and development expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025:

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2026 was $15.1 million, compared to $5.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025. The increase is due to higher invested balances in cash equivalents and marketable securities.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2026 was $2.4 million related to the Notes and associated amortization of issuance costs and the accretion of debt discount. Interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was $0.3 million related to the Credit Facility and associated amortization of financing costs and the accretion of debt discount.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Other income (expense), net for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 was not material and represented miscellaneous expense.