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SBC Medical Group Holdings Inc

For the period ended Dec 31, 2025. Filed Mar 27, 2026.

View on SEC.gov

About this filing

A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.

FY2025 · Filed Mar 27, 2026

SBC$5.04+0.4%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026

What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?

Read the current filing

Previous report: 10-K

Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-03-28.

0001641172-25-001062

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Current report: 10-K

Period ended 2025-12-31; filed 2026-03-27.

0001193125-26-127557

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.

Compared 120 previous paragraphs and 143 current paragraphs.

58 unchanged; 36 reworded; 48 added; 26 removed; 0 previous and 1 current paragraphs rearranged.

Tables are not compared: 11 previous and 7 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.

A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.

Added paragraphs (48)

Current report

On September 17, 2024, Legacy SBC consummated its going-public business combination with Pono Capital Two, Inc. (“Business Combination”). In connection with the closing of the Business Combination, Pono Capital Two, Inc. changed its name to SBC Medical Group Holdings Incorporated and the Company’s common stock began trading on Nasdaq under the ticker symbol “SBC”.

Current report

“Members (orshain) of general meeting of members (orshain)” means one of the organs of a Japanese Medical Corporation, and element of general meeting of members (as explained below) of the Medical Corporation. Each member (orshain) of general meeting of members (orshain) has one voting right.

Current report

** “General meeting of members (orshain)” means one of the organs of a Japanese Medical Corporation, and the highest decision-making body of the Medical Corporation, of which the main duties include the election and dismissal of directors (orriji) and corporate auditors (orkanji) of the Medical Corporation, and the approval of financial statements and statutory business reports of the Medical Corporation.

Current report

*** “Equity interest (ormochibun)” means the right to receive distribution of the residual assets of a Japanese Medical Corporation in proportion to the amount of contribution (Article 10.3.3.2 brackets of the Supplementary Provision of the Japanese Medical Care Act.). However, the procedures for an equity interest (ormochibun) holder to exercise and realize the right to receive distribution of the residual assets of the Medical Corporation is more complicated than that of a stock corporation due to the restrictions under the Medical Care Act.

Current report

Because we acquired control of Waqoo, Inc. ("Waqoo") on December 19, 2025 and consolidated the financial information of Waqoo and its subsidiary on a three-month reporting lag, Waqoo’s results of operations did not impact our consolidated results for the year ended December 31, 2025.

Current report

Note: Percentages are calculated as a percentage of total revenue and may not sum due to rounding.

Current report

Franchising revenue for the year ended December 31, 2025 decreased to $45,943,241 by $15,089,791, or 24.72%, from $61,033,032 for the year ended December 31, 2024. This decrease was mainly due to the revision of the fee structure for determining service fees for each clinic of MCs based on the size, scale and performance of each clinic effective as of April 1, 2025, partially offset by the appreciation of JPY.

Current report

The other revenues for the year ended December 31, 2025 decreased to $18,949,892 by $1,363,350, or 6.71%, from $20,313,242 for the year ended December 31, 2024. This decrease was mainly due to the disposal of its subsidiaries, SBC Kijimadaira Resort Inc. and Skynet Academy Co., Ltd., in December 2024, a decrease in PC equipment sales revenue as the MCs' clinics had updated their PC equipment during the year ended December 31, 2024 with no such demand during the year ended December 31, 2025. The decrease was partially offset by revenues from Aesthetic Healthcare Holdings Pte. Ltd. and its subsidiaries, which were acquired in November 2024.

Current report

An impairment loss was recognized for the year ended December 31, 2024 related to an intangible asset, patent use right. No such impairment loss was recognized for the year ended December 31, 2025.

Current report

Stock-based compensation was recognized as an expense for the year ended December 31, 2024 related to warrants issued to a service provider that supported SBC’s listing process. No such expense was recognized for the year ended December 31, 2025.

Current report

Consulting and professional service fees increased by $2,467,041, or 16.95%, to $17,022,128 for the year ended December 31, 2025 from $14,555,087 for the year ended December 31, 2024, mainly due to the increase in legal, tax, and market research expenses associated with ongoing public company compliance and related matters following the Company’s listing.

Current report

Other income (expenses), net was $14,579,232 for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to $3,152,107 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase in other income (expense) by $11,427,125 or 362.52% was mainly due to a gain on redemption of life insurance policies of $8,746,138 in 2025, partially offset by the absence of the gain on disposal of subsidiary of $3,813,609 that was recognized in the year ended December 31, 2024. In addition, the other income was $5,113,637 for the year ended December 31, 2025, as compared to $3,914,297 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase was mainly due to a gain on the sale of land recognized in October 2025, which resulted from the closure of the clinic in Irvine, California, partially offset by the absence of a gain on the disposal of Cell Pro Japan Co., Ltd. recorded on January 1, 2024. The other expense was $1,321,064 for the year ended December 31, 2025, as compared to $5,463,153 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The decrease was mainly due to an unrealized loss recognized on the Company’s investment in a public entity with readily determinable fair value for the year ended December 31, 2024, while no similarly significant loss was recognized for the year ended December 31, 2025.

Current report

Income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2025 was $31,020,607 compared to $26,765,925 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase in income tax expense by $4,254,682 or 15.90% was mainly due to the increase of deferred tax expenses recognized and the appreciation of JPY.

Current report

The effective tax rate was 37.80% and 36.44% for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase of 1.36 percentage points was mainly due to the deemed contribution in connection with the price modification on disposal of an aircraft (a one-time item) to General Incorporated Association SBC, an entity controlled by the CEO of the Company, who is also the controlling shareholder of the Company, which was treated as a taxable gain under the Japanese tax law with no corresponding income being recognized for consolidation purposes.

Current report

Net cash provided by operating activities was $24,668,496 for the year ended December 31, 2025, mainly derived from net income of $51,045,023 for the year, reconciled by a gain on redemption of life insurance policies of $8,746,138 and deferred income tax expense of $5,326,982, and net changes in operating assets and liabilities, which mainly included an increase in finance lease receivables – related parties of $12,746,857, a decrease in customer loans receivable of $15,821,375, a decrease in notes payable - related parties of $14,252,502, and a decrease in income tax payable of $11,662,531.

Current report

Net cash provided by operating activities was $20,582,933 for the year ended December 31, 2024, mainly derived from net income of $46,689,892 for the year, reconciled by stock-based compensation of $13,022,692, impairment loss on intangible asset of $15,058,965, a gain on disposal of subsidiary of $3,813,609, deferred income tax benefit of $14,417,087, and net changes in operating assets and liabilities, which mainly included an increase in income tax payable of $11,228,429, a decrease in customer loans receivable of $18,477,327, a decrease in accounts payable of $9,588,067, a decrease in notes payable – related parties of $34,756,754, a decrease in advances from customers - related parties of $9,144,031, and a decrease in accrued liabilities and other current liabilities of $12,096,825.

Current report

During the year ended December 31, 2025, net cash used in investing activities of $20,971,552 was mainly the result of the equity method investments of $20 million, the cash paid for acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired of $22.9 million, offset by proceeds from redemption of life insurance policies of $17.7 million.

Current report

During the year ended December 31, 2025, net cash provided by financing activities of $38,292,183 was mainly due to the borrowings from bank and others of $34.8 million and the deemed contribution in connection with the price modification on disposal of property and equipment of $10.4 million, offset by repurchase of common stock of $5.0 million.

Current report

Announcement of Final Results of Tender Offer for Waqoo, Inc. Shares

Current report

On December 13, 2025, the Company announced the final results of the tender offer (the “Tender Offer”) conducted by SBC Medical Group Co., Ltd. (“SBC Japan”) for shares of the common stock of Waqoo, Inc. (“Waqoo”), a Japanese corporation listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange Growth Market.

Current report

As the total number of tendered shares exceeded the maximum planned purchase volume of 575,000 shares, the Tender Offeror purchased shares on a pro rata basis in accordance with Japanese tender offer regulations. As a result, a total of 575,052 shares were purchased, and the remaining shares in excess of such allocation were not purchased, on December 19, 2025.

Current report

In addition, the Company's CEO, also the largest shareholder of Waqoo, transferred all of his remaining shares to SBC Japan through an off-market transaction outside of the Tender Offer, also effective as of December 19, 2025. As a result of these transactions, along with the previously held equity interest in Waqoo, SBC Japan’s ownership ratio of the voting rights of Waqoo exceeded 50% as of the settlement date.

Current report

On December 29, 2025, the Company’s board of directors authorized an additional share repurchase program with an aggregate purchase limit of up to USD 20 million. On December 30, 2025, the Company’s registration statement on Form S-3 was declared effective by the SEC. On December 31, 2025, the Company issued a press release announcing the authorization of the program. The program is effective from December 31, 2025 through December 31, 2026, and may be modified, suspended or discontinued at any time in the Company’s discretion. The program is intended to enable the Company to conduct flexible repurchases of its common stock in the future, and the Company anticipates utilizing surplus cash and future free cash flow to fund repurchases.

Current report

Strategic Equity Investment in OrangeTwist (through OT Midco)

Current report

On December 29, 2025, we completed a strategic minority equity investment in OT Midco Holdings, LLC (“OT Midco”), through which we hold an indirect minority interest in Orange Twist, LLC and its subsidiaries (collectively, “OrangeTwist”), acquiring an approximately 18.2% voting interest for total cash consideration of $20 million (the “Transaction”). In addition, we committed to subscribe for and purchase additional common units in December 2026 for an aggregate purchase price of $5.0 million. In connection with the Transaction, we and OrangeTwist agreed to cooperate in good faith to negotiate a future collaboration agreement to explore potential commercial arrangements on a non-binding basis and entered into a side letter containing non-competition covenants, subject to specified terms and conditions.

Current report

Failures of Oversight of Related Party Transactions and Executive Compensation

Current report

In connection with management’s assessment of internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, we identified deficiencies in our governance and approval processes relating to the oversight of related party transactions and executive compensation matters.

Showing the first 40 of 48 passages. Open the source sections for the rest.

Removed paragraphs (26)

Previous report

Franchising revenue for the year ended December 31, 2024 increased to $61,033,032 by $18,929,652 or 44.96% from $42,103,380 for the same period in 2023. This increase was mainly due to (i) a change in the billing base of royalty fees from a percentage of sales of MCs to a fixed amount for each clinic of MCs since April 2023 combined with an increase in the number of clinics operated by MCs, (ii) authorizing the six MCs, which are our main recurring customers, to use our patents and trademarks starting from September 2023, and (iii) the business expansion of the MCs, partially offset by the depreciation of JPY.

Previous report

The other revenues for the year ended December 31, 2024 increased to $20,313,242 by $1,680,178 or 9.02% from $18,633,064 for the same period in 2023. This increase was mainly due to the business expansion of the subsidiary acquired in April 2023, partially offset by the depreciation of JPY.

Previous report

Depreciation and amortization expense decreased to $2,258,364 by $8,666,088 or 79.33% for the year ended December 31, 2024 from $10,924,452 for the same period in 2023, mainly because the decrease in amortization expense incurred from the intangible assets owned by Cell Pro Japan Co., Ltd. (“Cellpro”), a former subsidiary of the Company, due to the disposal of Cellpro on January 1, 2024.

Previous report

Consulting and professional service fees increased to $14,555,087 by $5,073,368 or 53.51% for the year ended December 31, 2024 from $9,481,719 for the same period in 2023, mainly due to the increase of the professional service fees incurred related to the business combination transaction.

Previous report

Stock-based compensation relates to the warrants issued to the service provider that supported SBC’s listing process. These warrants were issued in November 2022 and became exercisable upon the consummation of business combination with Pono Two Capital, Inc., and the fair value was recognized as an expense.

Previous report

For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company fully impaired an intangible asset, patent use right, because the estimated cash flows from the use and its eventual disposal of this intangible asset were determined to be negligible. This conclusion was reached through a careful decision-making process and was approved by the Company’s board of directors.

Previous report

Although an unrealized loss was recognized from the Company’s investment in a public entity with readily determinable fair value under other expenses, a gain on disposal of subsidiary was recorded due to the disposal of Cellpro on January 1, 2024. The total other income (expenses) for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $3,152,107, compared to $2,919,269 for the same period in 2023, reflecting only a minor overall fluctuation.

Previous report

Income tax expense, for the year ended December 31, 2024, was $26,765,925 compared to $35,018,729 for the same period in 2023. The decrease in income tax expense by $8,252,804 or 23.57% was mainly due to the increase in the deferred tax benefit as no valuation allowance on deferred tax assets of Lange Sub was reserved during the year ended December 31, 2024. It was mainly due to the merger among SBC Medical Sub, Lange Sub and Shobikai Sub, with Lange Sub as the surviving entity after the merger, that expected to be effective in January 2025, resulting in the potential ability of Lange Sub to generate income and utilize the carried forward net operating loss.

Previous report

The effective tax rate for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 was 36.44%, a decrease of 11.16% compared to the 47.59% rate for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. This decrease was mainly due to a reduction in valuation allowance on deferred tax assets as described in the income tax expense comparison above.

Previous report

Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $20,582,933, compared to net cash provided in operating activities of $50,670,322 for the year ended December 31, 2023, reflecting a decrease of $30,087,389. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in changes in notes payable - related parties of $34.7 million, finance lease receivables – related parties of $22.6 million and accounts payable of $21.8 million, partially offset by an increase in changes in accounts receivable - related parties of $23.8 million and accrued retirement compensation expense – related party of $22.1 million.

Previous report

The Company has decided to revise the fee structure to pursue a long-term growth strategy aimed at expanding and stabilizing the business foundation by creating an environment that can better facilitate the establishment of new clinics by MCs.

Previous report

If the revised fee structure had been applied starting in April 2024, it is estimated that total revenues for fiscal year 2024 would have decreased by approximately 10%. However, the Company expects the impact on total revenues and income from operations for fiscal year 2025 to be offset by the absence of one-time losses that were recorded in fiscal year 2024, which were impairment loss on intangible asset and stock-based compensation. Nevertheless, the ultimate financial impact remains uncertain and will depend on a number of factors, many of which are beyond the Company’s control.

Previous report

Certain corporate-owned life insurance policies that the Company purchased to insure its CEO and a key officer will mature on March 29, 2025, according to the contract term.

Previous report

The policies of these life insurances were structured so that the surrender value was equivalent to 50% of the initial premium before the maturity of the contract and the initial premium was paid out in a lump sum at the inception of the contract. The surrender value as of the contract mature date agreed to be the initial premium or accumulated initial premium amount considering interest, which is larger. As of December 31, 2024, the insurance policies were recorded at their cash surrender values, included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets with changes in cash surrender value during the period recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Previous report

The Company expected the maturity of these policies would result in a gain on surrender of life insurance policies of approximately $9.3 million in the first quarter of fiscal year 2025.

Previous report

In January 2024, before the issuance of the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2023 and for the year then ended, in connection with a routine tax examination of the Company’s income tax returns, the Japanese tax authority discovered misappropriations of Company funds by a former director of general affairs and legal department of L’Ange Cosmetique Co., Ltd., which is a subsidiary of the Company (the “former director”), not a relative of the CEO of the Company or any identified related party, who received kickbacks from multiple vendors of SBC Japan (collectively with the former director, the “participants”) possibly beginning as early as 2012 until the misappropriations were discovered. The former director was suspended immediately upon the discovery and was terminated effective February 23, 2024. The Company has commenced a criminal complaint in Tokyo against the participants, which was accepted by the police on February 25, 2025.

Previous report

Shortly after this discovery, the Company engaged independent legal counsel and forensic consultants to investigate the misappropriations. The investigation, which was completed in March 2024, revealed that the participants had misappropriated approximately JPY632 million ($5.6 million), including consumption tax, from the Company of which the former director received approximately JPY335 million ($3.0 million), between April 2016 and the discovery of the misappropriations in January 2024. The amount misappropriated prior to April 2016 could not be accurately determined because certain data for the period prior to April 2016 was unavailable, the Company does not expect such amount to be material based on current estimates.

Previous report

The Company found no evidence that any other employee of the Company was aware of, or colluded in, the misappropriations of Company funds or that there was any unlawful activity apart from that associated with the participants’ misappropriations of Company funds. The misappropriated amounts, excluding the consumption tax, representing advertising services purchased on behalf of a related-party MC, were originally included in the revenues reported on a net basis. After discovery of the misappropriations, the amounts were reported as a misappropriation loss. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded a misappropriation loss of $409,030.

Previous report

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation awards in accordance with ASC Topic 718, “Compensation — Stock Compensation”, under which the Company determines whether stock-based compensation awards should be classified and accounted for as an equity award. There were no liability awards granted during any of the periods stated herein. For all grants of stock-based compensation classified as equity awards, the cost of services received from employees and non-employees in exchange for awards is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income based on the estimated fair value of those awards on the grant date and amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period or vesting period. The Company records forfeitures and cancellations as they occur.
Reworded paragraphs (36)

Previous wording

SBC Medical Group, Inc. (formerly known as SBC Medical Group Holdings Incorporated), a Delaware corporation and subsidiary of the Company (“Legacy SBC”) is a management company headquartered in Irvine, California and Tokyo, Japan, that provides management services to cosmetic treatment centers mainly in Japan. The Company and its subsidiaries are primarily focused on providing comprehensive management services to franchisee clinics, including but not limited to advertising and marketing needs across various platforms (such as social media networks), staff management (such as recruitment and training), booking reservations for franchisee clinic customers, assistance with franchisee employee housing rentals and facility rentals, construction and design of franchisee clinics, medical equipment and medical consumables procurement (resale), the provision of cosmetic products to franchisee clinics for resale to clinic customers, licensure of the use of patent-pending and non-patented medical technologies, trademark and brand use, IT software solutions (including but not limited to remote medical consultations), management of the franchisee clinic’s customer rewards program (customer loyalty point program), and payment tools for the franchisee clinics.

Current wording

The Company and its subsidiaries are primarily focused on providing comprehensive management services to franchisee clinics. These services include advertising and marketing across various platforms (such as social media networks), staff management (such as recruitment and training), booking and reservation services for franchisee clinic customers. We also support franchisee clinics through assistance with employee housing rentals and facility rentals, leasehold improvement services and design of clinics, medical equipment and medical consumables procurement (resale), the provision of cosmetic products to clinics for resale to clinic customers, licensure of the use of patent-pending and non-patented medical technologies, trademark and brand use, IT software solutions (including but not limited to remote medical consultations), management of the customer rewards program (customer loyalty point program), and payment tools.

Previous wording

Our wholly owned subsidiaries, SBC Medical Group Co., Ltd., a Japan corporation (“SBC Medical Sub”), L’Ange Cosmetique Co., Ltd., a Japan corporation (“Lange Sub”), and Shobikai Co., Ltd., a Japan corporation (“Shobikai Sub”), are each designated as a “medical service corporation” in Japan. In Japan, a medical service corporation is a legal entity that provides management service to “medical corporations”. The management services are conducted through franchisor-franchisee contracts and/or service contracts between certain subsidiaries of the Company (SBC Medical Sub, Lange Sub, and Shobikai Sub) and the medical corporations that own all 241 of the treatment centers in Japan. These clinics provide include but are not limited to breast augmentation, liposuction, rejuvenation treatments (including treatment of wrinkles, acne, scars, cellulite, excess fat, discoloration, and signs of aging), laser skin toning and spot removal, eyes double fold surgery, rhinoplasty, treatment of osmidrosis and hyperhidrosis, hair transplants, gynecological formation treatments, laser hair removal, face line surgeries, cosmetical dental procedures, tattoo removal, lasik eye surgery, lateral canthoplasty, brow lift procedures, androgenetic alopecia treatment, and cheek sagging prevention methods.

Current wording

Our wholly owned subsidiary, SBC Medical Group Co., Ltd., a Japanese corporation (“SBC Medical Sub”, or “SBC Japan”), is designated as a “medical service corporation”. In Japan, a medical service corporation is a legal entity that provides management services to “medical corporations”. The management services are conducted through franchisor-franchisee contracts and/or service contracts between SBC Medical Sub and the medical corporations (and, where applicable, other entities) that own domestic franchisee treatment centers in Japan. These treatment centers provide services including but are not limited to breast augmentation, liposuction, rejuvenation treatments (including treatment of wrinkles, acne, scars, cellulite, excess fat, discoloration, and signs of aging), laser skin toning and spot removal, eyes double fold surgery, rhinoplasty, treatment of osmidrosis and hyperhidrosis, hair transplants, gynecological formation treatments, laser hair removal, face line surgeries, cosmetic dental procedures, tattoo removal, lasik eye surgery, lateral canthoplasty, brow lift procedures, androgenetic alopecia treatment, and cheek sagging prevention methods. Separately, we also enter into franchise arrangements with certain independently operated clinics in Japan pursuant to our Partner Doctor Independence Support Program Agreements, which differ in certain respects from our arrangements with the medical corporations and/or general incorporated associations.

Previous wording

There are currently six medical corporations that the Company’s subsidiaries have entered into franchisor-franchisee contracts and service contracts, consisting of Medical Corporation Shobikai, Medical Corporation Kowakai, Medical Corporation Nasukai, Medical Corporation Aikeikai, Medical Corporation Jukeikai and Medical Corporation Ritz Cosmetic Surgery. In addition, the Company has entered into service contracts since September 2023 with two additional medical corporations, Medical Corporation Association Furinkai and Medical Corporation Association Junikai (collectively with the six franchisee medical corporations, the “Medical Corporations” or “MCs”). All of the Medical Corporations are deemed to be related parties of the Company since relatives of the CEO of the Company are the members (orshain) of general meetings of members of the Medical Corporations. The CEO of the Company was previously a member of the six franchisee Medical Corporations until he ceased being a member in July 2023. The Company, through SBC Medical Sub, owns equity “deposit” interests (ormochibun) of the Medical Corporations (except Medical Corporation Association Furinkai and Medical Corporation Association Junikai). Although the Company, through SBC Medical Sub, has an equity “deposit” interest to the rights to receive a distribution of residual assets in proportion to the amount of contribution in certain circumstances as provided in the articles of incorporation of each of the Medical Corporations (except Medical Corporation Association Furinkai and Medical Corporation Association Junikai), the Company or SBC Medical Sub does not have voting control over the corporate actions at general meetings of members (orshain) of the Medical Corporations per the requirements of the Japanese Medical Care Act.

Current wording

The Company’s subsidiaries have entered into franchisor-franchisee contracts and service contracts with seven medical corporations, consisting of Medical Corporation Shobikai, Medical Corporation Kowakai, Medical Corporation Nasukai, Medical Corporation Aikeikai, Medical Corporation Jukeikai, Medical Corporation Ritz Cosmetic Surgery and, effective as of June 2025, Medical Corporation Association Furinkai. In addition, the Company has entered into service contracts since September 2023 with Medical Corporation Association Furinkai and Medical Corporation Association Junikai; and in July 2025 with Medical Corporation Misakikai and General Incorporated Association Miotokai, following the acquisition of MB career lounge Co., Ltd. (collectively with the seven franchisee medical corporations, the “Medical Corporations and/or General Incorporated Associations” or “MCs”). All of the Medical Corporations and General Incorporated Associations are deemed to be related parties of the Company since relatives of the CEO of the Company are the members* of general meetings of members** of the Medical Corporations or General Incorporated Associations. The CEO of the Company was previously a member* of the six franchisee Medical Corporations until he ceased being a member* in July 2023. The Company, through SBC Medical Sub, owns equity interests*** of six franchisee medical corporations. Although the Company, through SBC Medical Sub, has an equity interest*** to the rights to receive a distribution of residual assets in proportion to the amount of contribution in certain circumstances as provided in the Japanese Medical Care Act and in the articles of incorporation (except Medical Corporation Association Furinkai, Medical Corporation Association Junikai, Medical Corporation Misakikai and General Incorporated Association Miotokai), the Company or SBC Medical Sub does not have voting control over the corporate actions at general meetings of members** of the Medical Corporations or General Incorporated Associations per the requirements of the Japanese Medical Care Act.

Previous wording

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we generated revenues of $205,415,542 and $193,542,423, respectively, we reported net income attributable to SBC Medical Group Holdings Incorporated of $46,614,275 and $39,370,036, respectively, and cash flow provided by operating activities of $20,582,933 and $50,670,322, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, we had retained earnings of $ 189,463,007.

Current wording

For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, we generated revenues of $173,607,489 and $205,415,542, respectively, we reported net income attributable to SBC Medical Group Holdings Incorporated of $50,985,613 and $46,614,275, respectively, and cash flows provided by operating activities of $24,668,496 and $20,582,933, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, we had retained earnings of $240,448,620.

Previous wording

Our primary mission is to provide quality comprehensive management services to the Medical Corporations and expand our “Shonan Beauty Clinic” brand. We plan to achieve the mission by maintaining and strengthening our market position and brand in the cosmetic medical treatment management market in Japan, Vietnam, and the United States, and by growing our presence globally.

Current wording

Our primary mission is to provide quality comprehensive management services to the MCs and expand our “Shonan Beauty Clinic” brand. We plan to achieve the mission by maintaining and strengthening our market position and brand in the cosmetic medical treatment management market in Japan, Vietnam and Singapore, and by growing our presence globally.

Previous wording

The following table summarizes our operating income as reflected in our audited consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, and presents information regarding amounts and percentage changes during those periods.

Current wording

The following table summarizes our operating income as reflected in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, and presents information regarding amounts and percentage changes during those periods.

Previous wording

Revenues, net, increased by 6.13% from $193,542,423 for the year ended December 31, 2023 to $205,415,542 for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Current wording

Revenues, net, decreased by 15.48% from $205,415,542 for the year ended December 31, 2024 to $173,607,489 for the year ended December 31, 2025.

Previous wording

Japanese Yen (“JPY”) against the U.S. dollar depreciated during the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the year ended December 31, 2023. The spot rate against the dollar was 156.7890 yen on December 31, 2024 compared to 141.0350 yen on December 31, 2023 and the average rate against the dollar was 151.4405 yen for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to 140.5261 yen for the same period in 2023. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we generated net revenues of $205,415,542 (JPY31,108 million) and $193,542,423 (JPY 27,198 million), respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we reported net income of $46,689,892 (JPY7,059 million) and $38,560,606 (JPY 5,419 million), respectively. Overall, the unfavorable impacts of the year-to-year foreign exchange rate changes on net revenues and net income were $15,954,241 and $3,545,053, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Current wording

Japanese Yen (“JPY”) against the U.S. dollar appreciated during the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to the year ended December 31, 2024. The average rate against the dollar was 149.6233 yen for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to 151.4405 yen for the year ended December 31, 2024. For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, we generated net revenues of $173,607,489 (JPY25,976 million) and $205,415,542 (JPY31,108 million), respectively, we reported net income of $51,045,023 (JPY7,636 million) and $46,689,892 (JPY7,071 million), respectively. Overall, the favorable impacts of the period-to-period foreign exchange rate changes on net revenues and net income were $2,083,191 and $620,557, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2025.

Previous wording

The main reasons for the variance of $11,873,119 in revenues, net per revenue stream are as follows:

Current wording

The main reasons for the variance of $31,808,053 in revenues, net per revenue stream are as follows:

Previous wording

The procurement revenue for the year ended December 31, 2024 increased to $54,814,399 by $1,627,737 or 3.06% from $53,186,662 for the same period in 2023. This increase was mainly due to the increase in the demand on medical materials due to the business expansion of MCs, partially offset by the depreciation of JPY.

Current wording

The procurement revenue for the year ended December 31, 2025 increased to $56,053,171 by $1,238,772, or 2.26%, from $54,814,399 for the year ended December 31, 2024. This increase was mainly due to the appreciation of JPY.

Previous wording

The management services revenue for the year ended December 31, 2024 decreased to $53,113,155 by $19,169,394 or 26.52% from $72,282,549 for the same period in 2023. This decrease was mainly due to (i) the discontinuation of clinic operation staff supporting services provided by Shobikai Sub to MCs since the third quarter of 2024, because the Company plans to merge Shobikai Sub with and into Lange Sub and the related business license, held by Shobikai Sub, will be invalid upon the merger, (ii) a significant decline in loyalty program management services revenue compared with 2023, primarily because the charge rate of handling fee decreased from 5% to 4%, and there were more free point redemptions, and (iii) the depreciation of JPY, partially offset by (i) the increase in revenue generated from management consulting services and loyalty program management services provided to two MCs that the Company started to conduct business since September 2023 (Medical Corporation Association Furinkai and Medical Corporation Association Junikai), (ii) the business expansion of MCs and (iii) the increase in the number of the clinics of MCs.

Current wording

The management services revenue for the year ended December 31, 2025 decreased to $29,628,534 by $23,484,621, or 44.22%, from $53,113,155 for the year ended December 31, 2024. This decrease was mainly due to (i) the discontinuation of clinic operation staff supporting services that had been provided by Shobikai Sub to MCs since the third quarter of 2024, because the Company completed the merger of Shobikai Sub with and into Lange Sub and the related business license that was held by Shobikai Sub became invalid upon the completion of the merger in January 2025, (ii) the decrease in the revenue in connection with customer rewards program offered to customers of the franchisee clinics and (iii) the revision of the fee structure for determining service fees for each clinic of MCs based on the size, scale and performance of each clinic effective as of April 1, 2025, partially offset by revenues from MB career lounge Co., Ltd., which was acquired in July 2025 and by the appreciation of JPY.

Previous wording

The rental services revenue for the year ended December 31, 2024 increased to $16,141,714 by $8,804,946 or 120.01% from $7,336,768 for the same period in 2023. This increase was mainly due to the increased demand for medical equipment from MCs due to the business expansion of MCs, partially offset by the depreciation of JPY.

Current wording

The rental services revenue for the year ended December 31, 2025 increased to $23,032,651 by $6,890,937, or 42.69%, from $16,141,714 for the year ended December 31, 2024. This increase was mainly due to the opening of new clinics resulting in the increased demand for medical equipment from new clinics and replacing laser hair removal equipment from existing clinics as well as the appreciation of JPY.

Previous wording

Cost of revenues, for the year ended December 31, 2024, was $49,365,035 compared to $56,238,385 for the same period in 2023. The decrease by $6,873,350 or 12.22% was mainly due to the Company’s effort of the cost reduction for the year ended December 31, 2024, as well as the discontinuation of clinic operation supporting services provided by Shobikai Sub to MCs since the third quarter of 2024, and the Company then terminated the employment of the related staff. As a result, labor cost significantly decreased.

Current wording

Cost of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2025 was $46,323,767 compared to $49,365,035 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The decrease was mainly due to the Company’s effort of the cost reduction, as well as the discontinuation of clinic operation supporting services provided by Shobikai Sub to MCs since the third quarter of 2024, and the Company then terminated the employment of the related staff. As a result, cost of revenues decreased overall, despite a partial offset from higher purchase costs resulting from the demand for replacing laser hair removal equipment from the MCs.

Previous wording

Gross profit, for the year ended December 31, 2024, was $156,050,507 compared to $137,304,038 for the same period in 2023. The increase in gross profit by $18,746,469 or 13.65% was mainly due to the increase in franchising revenue with a relatively high gross margin as a result of the factors described above, offset by the decrease in management services revenue as a result of the factors described above.

Current wording

Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2025 was $127,283,722 compared to $156,050,507 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The decrease in gross profit by $28,766,785 or 18.43% was mainly due to the decrease in franchising revenue and management services revenue with relatively high gross margin as a result of the factors described above.

Previous wording

The operating expenses increased to $85,746,797 for the year ended December 31, 2024 by $19,102,825 or 28.66% from $66,643,972 for the same period in 2023.The increase in operating expenses was mainly attributed to the increase in impairment loss on intangible asset, the increase in stock-based compensation, and the increase in consulting and professional service fees, partially offset by the decrease in depreciation and amortization expenses.

Current wording

The operating expenses decreased to $59,797,324 for the year ended December 31, 2025 by $25,949,473, or 30.26%, from $85,746,797 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The decrease was mainly due to the decrease in impairment loss on intangible asset and the decrease in stock-based compensation, partially offset by the increase in consulting and professional service fees.

Previous wording

As a result of the foregoing, we reported a net income of $46,689,892 for the year ended December 31, 2024, representing an increase of $8,129,286 from $38,560,606 for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Current wording

As a result of the foregoing, we reported a net income of $51,045,023 for the year ended December 31, 2025, representing an increase of $4,355,131 or 9.33% from $46,689,892 for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Previous wording

Net Income attributable to non-controlling interests was $75,617 for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the net loss attributable to non-controlling interests of $809,430 for the year ended December 31, 2023, which was mainly due to the disposal of Cellpro on January 1, 2024.

Current wording

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests was $59,410 for the year ended December 31, 2025, as compared to net income attributable to non-controlling interests of $75,617 for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Previous wording

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $125,044,092 in cash and cash equivalents compared to $103,022,932 as of December 31, 2023. In addition, the Company had $30,260,113 in accounts receivable as of December 31, 2024 compared to $35,113,749 as of December 31, 2023. The Company’s accounts receivable includes balances due from customers for the services and goods provided by the Company and accepted by customers.

Current wording

As of December 31, 2025, the Company had $163,773,838 in cash and cash equivalents compared to $125,044,092 as of December 31, 2024. In addition, the Company had $29,899,751 in accounts receivable as of December 31, 2025 compared to $30,260,113 as of December 31, 2024. The Company’s accounts receivable includes balances due from customers for the services and goods provided by the Company and accepted by customers.

Previous wording

As of December 31, 2024, the Company’s working capital balance was $123,259,130. In assessing liquidity, management monitors and analyzes the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, ability to generate sufficient future earnings, and operating and capital investment commitments. The Company believes that its current cash and cash equivalents from operations and borrowings from banks will be sufficient to meet its working capital needs for the next 12 months from the date of issuance of the audited financial statements included in this Annual Report.

Current wording

As of December 31, 2025, the Company’s working capital balance was $170,103,112. In assessing liquidity, management monitors and analyzes the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, ability to generate sufficient future earnings, and operating and capital investment commitments. The Company believes that its current cash and cash equivalents from operations and borrowings from banks will be sufficient to meet its working capital needs for the next 12 months from the date of issuance of the audited financial statements included in this Annual Report.

Previous wording

The Company evaluates its capital allocation practices with the objective of enhancing shareholder value, while considering performance, the business environment, macroeconomic conditions and other relevant factors. The Company expects to deploy capital for investment opportunities that align with its growth strategy, selectively pursuing prospects in the expanding global medical aesthetics market.

Current wording

The Company evaluates its capital allocation practices with the objective of enhancing stockholder value, while considering performance, the business environment, macroeconomic conditions and other relevant factors. The Company expects to deploy capital for investment opportunities that align with its growth strategy, selectively pursuing prospects in the expanding global medical aesthetics market. Additionally, the Company continues to evaluate alternative methods for deployment of capital, including in the form of dividends to stockholders and repurchases of shares of common stock. The actual timing, manner and value of any such options will depend on several factors, including the market price of our stock, general market and economic conditions, our liquidity requirements, applicable legal requirement and other business considerations.

Previous wording

The following table provides a summary of our cash flows for the years indicated.

Current wording

The following table provides a summary of our cash flows for the periods indicated.

Previous wording

During the year ended December 31, 2024, net cash used in investing activities of $10,102,410 was mainly the result of payments made on behalf of a related party of $5.6 million, cash paid for acquisition of a subsidiary, net of cash received of $4.2 million, purchase of property and equipment of $2.6 million and purchase of convertible note of $1.7 million, partially offset by repayments from related parties of $6.6 million. During the year ended December 31, 2023, net cash provided by investing activities of $1,793,631 was mainly the result of proceeds from disposal of property and equipment of $8.0 million, sales of short-term investments of $4.1 million, and proceeds from surrender of life insurance policies of 4.0 million, and offset by payments made for the purchase of property and equipment of $8.5 million, purchase of short-term investments of $2.1 million and advances to related parties of $2.3 million.

Current wording

During the year ended December 31, 2024, net cash used in investing activities of $10,102,410 was mainly the result of payments made on behalf of related parties of $5.6 million, cash paid for acquisition of a subsidiary, net of cash received of $4.2 million, purchase of property and equipment of $2.6 million and purchase of convertible note of $1.7 million, partially offset by repayments from related parties of $6.6 million.

Previous wording

During the year ended December 31, 2024, net cash provided by financing activities of $22,965,400 was the result of proceeds from reverse recapitalization, net of transaction costs of $11.7 million, borrowings from a long-term loan of $6.6 million and borrowings from related parties of $5.5 million. During the year ended December 31, 2023, net cash provided by financing activities of $6,135,368 was the result of borrowings from related parties of $12.3 million and deemed contribution in connection with disposal of property and equipment of $9.6 million and offset by repayments of long-term loans of $8.7 million and repayments to related parties of $7.7 million.

Current wording

During the year ended December 31, 2024, net cash provided by financing activities of $22,965,400 was mainly due to the proceeds from reverse recapitalization, net of transaction costs of $11.7 million, borrowings from bank and others of $6.6 million and borrowings from related parties of $5.5 million.

Previous wording

The Company has 95 leases classified as operating leases for offices and sublease purposes.

Current wording

The Company holds a significant number of leases classified as operating leases for offices and sublease purposes, and finance leases for certain medical and office equipment.

Previous wording

The Company borrowed loans from various banks and a financial institution for working capital purpose.

Current wording

The Company borrowed loans from various banks and other financial institutions for working capital, security investments, and mergers and acquisitions purpose.

Previous wording

The Company, with the assistance of an independent valuation specialist, determined the fair value of the warrants recognized in the consolidated financial statements using the binomial option pricing model, and the equity value as of the grant date was estimated using 1) income approach with the discounted cash flow valuation method, which requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to forecasted revenues and cash flows and the discount rates, and 2) market approach with metrics of publicly traded companies or historically completed transactions of comparable businesses. The Company applied a weighting to the income approach and market approach to determine the fair value. We believe the accounting estimate for valuation of stock-based compensation is a critical accounting estimate because our estimates of fair value of stock-based compensation are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates.

Current wording

The Company, with the assistance of a third-party valuation specialist, determined the fair value of the intangible assets identified in conjunction with the acquisition of Waqoo was estimated using 1) income approach with the multi-period excess earnings method, which requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to forecasted revenues and cash flows and the discount rates. We believe the accounting estimate for valuation of intangible assets and goodwill in connection with the business combination of Waqoo is a critical accounting estimate because our estimates of the fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates.

Previous wording

The Company generates franchising revenue (royalty income) by licensing its intellectual properties, including but not limited to the Company’s brand name (“Shonan Beauty Clinic”), trade name, patents, and trademarks, as a franchisor pursuant to franchise agreements with certain MCs (the “MCs”) in Japan. Prior to April 2023, Franchising Revenue is based on a percentage of sales and recognized at the time when the related sales occurred; since April 2023, it is based on a fixed amount to each clinic of the MCs; since September 2023, it is based on a fixed amount to each MC and a fixed amount to each clinic of the MCs and recognized over time as services are rendered.

Current wording

The Company generates franchising revenue by licensing its intellectual properties, including but not limited to the Company’s brand name (“Shonan Beauty Clinic”), trade name, patents, and trademarks, and by providing consulting services to enhance the value of “Shonan Beauty Clinic” brand, as a franchisor pursuant to franchise agreements with the medical corporations (the “MCs”) in Japan. Prior to April 2025, revenue was based on a fixed amount to each MC and a fixed amount to each clinic of the MCs; starting from April 2025, the clinic-level monthly fee is determined based on the facility type, operational tenure, and operational performance of each clinic of the MCs, rather than a uniform flat fee for all clinics. The revenue is recognized over time as services are rendered.

Previous wording

The Company generates procurement revenue by purchasing primarily advertising services and medical materials from qualified vendors on behalf of MCs to maintain brand quality consistency. Procurement revenue is recognized at the point in time upon the delivery of products or over time as services are performed. Occasionally, the Company receives vendor discounts on certain large purchases. It recognizes revenue based on actual payments and will return the over-collection resulting from such discounts to MCs.

Current wording

The Company generates procurement services revenue by purchasing primarily advertising services and medical materials from qualified vendors on behalf of MCs to maintain brand quality consistency. Procurement services revenue is recognized at the point in time upon the delivery of products or over time as services are performed. Occasionally, the Company receives vendor discounts on certain large purchases. It recognizes revenue based on actual payments. Prior to June 2025, any over-collection resulting from such discounts was returned to MCs; since June 2025, it is retained for future transactions.

Previous wording

At the time loyalty points are awarded, a MC pays the Company cash in an amount equivalent to the awarded loyalty points, which is recorded as advances from customers. When a MC’s customers redeem the loyalty points, the Company returns the cash back to the MC in an amount equivalent to the redeemed loyalty points. The awarded loyalty points expire if a MC’s customer does not make any additional qualified purchase at a participating clinic within a year. The Company accumulates and tracks the points on behalf of MCs until the loyalty points expire, at which time the Company recognizes an amount equivalent to the expired loyalty points as revenue, which is normally not significant.

Current wording

At the time loyalty points are awarded, a MC pays the Company cash in an amount equivalent to the awarded loyalty points, which is recorded as advances from customers. When a MC’s customers redeem the loyalty points, the Company returns the cash back to the MC in an amount equivalent to the redeemed loyalty points. The awarded loyalty points expire if a MC’s customer does not make any additional qualified purchase at a participating clinic within a year. The Company accumulates and tracks the points on behalf of MCs until the loyalty points expire at which time the Company recognizes an amount equivalent to the expired loyalty points as revenue.

Previous wording

The Company also awards certain points to MCs’ customers on behalf of MCs for free in order to increase the volume of MC’s sales, from which the Company earns other types of revenues, such as franchising revenue. When a MC’s customers redeem such points, the Company reimburses MC in an amount equivalent to the used free points and records it as a reduction of the revenue recognized.

Current wording

The Company also awards certain points to MCs’ customers on behalf of MCs for free in order to increase the volume of MC’s sales, from which the Company earns other types of revenues, such as royalty income. When a MC’s customers redeem such points, the Company reimburses MC in an amount equivalent to the used free points. The redemption of such points is recorded as a reduction of the revenue recognized.

Previous wording

The Company generates revenue by dispatching staff to MCs to provide a range of services, primarily including clinic operation, IT, and administrative services, among which, clinic operation service has been fully terminated since October 2024. The Company recognizes the revenue over the time when services are rendered.

Current wording

The Company generates revenue by dispatching staff to MCs to provide a range of services, primarily including IT, and administrative services. The Company recognizes the revenue over the time when services are rendered. Starting from April 2025, the monthly fee for each clinic is determined using the same key criteria described above under “Franchising Revenue.”

Previous wording

The revenue is derived from providing functional supporting services to MCs, such as accounting and human resources services. The Company recognizes the revenue over the time when services are rendered.

Current wording

The revenue is derived from providing functional supporting services to MCs, such as accounting and human resources services. The Company recognizes revenue based on a monthly service fee over the time when services are rendered. Starting from April 2025, the monthly fee for each clinic is determined using the same key criteria described above under “Franchising Revenue.”

Previous wording

The Company generates other miscellaneous revenues such as accommodation services income, medicine dispensed sales revenue, brokerage services revenue, construction services revenue, pilot training services revenue, interest income, etc. These revenues are recognized when the Company satisfies performance obligations.

Current wording

The Company generates other miscellaneous revenues such as beauty and health services revenue, leasehold improvement services revenue, real estate brokerage services revenue, interest income, etc. These revenues are recognized when the Company satisfies performance obligations.

Previous wording

No indicator of impairment was noticed based on the Company’s qualitative assessment of impairment. As the Company provides comprehensive management services to these two MCs, including accounting and bookkeeping services, the Company has access to MCs’ unaudited financial information. In addition to the external market conditions and trends within the MCs’ industry, the Company considered the MCs’ operating performance, such as sales, increase in sales, and net income (loss) when performing its qualitative assessment. As of December 31, 2024, the carrying value of the investments in the two MCs was higher than their net assets, respectively, because the Company acquired the equity interests with the considerations paid higher than the net asset values at the respective purchase dates due to the expected growth and expansion of the MCs.

Current wording

No indicator of impairment was noticed based on the Company’s qualitative assessment of impairment. As the Company provides comprehensive management services to these two MCs, including accounting and bookkeeping services, the Company has access to MCs’ financial information. In addition to the external market conditions and trends within the MCs’ industry, the Company considered the MCs’ operating performance, such as sales, increase in sales, and net income (loss) when performing its qualitative assessment. As of December 31, 2025, the carrying value of the investments in the two MCs was higher than their net assets, respectively, because the Company acquired the equity interests with the considerations paid higher than the net asset values at the respective purchase dates due to the expected growth and expansion of the MCs.

Previous wording

Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. We have elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, we, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard.

Current wording

Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. We have elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, we, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard.
Rearranged current paragraphs (1)

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

SBC Medical Group, Inc. (formerly known as SBC Medical Group Holdings Incorporated), a Delaware corporation and subsidiary of the Company (“Legacy SBC”) is a management company headquartered in Irvine, California and Tokyo, Japan, that provides management services to cosmetic treatment centers mainly in Japan.