Damora Therapeutics, Inc.
For the period ended Dec 31, 2025. Filed Mar 19, 2026.
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FY2025 · Filed Mar 19, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-K
Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-03-19.
0000950170-25-041981
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-K
Period ended 2025-12-31; filed 2026-03-19.
0001193125-26-115922
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 148 previous paragraphs and 126 current paragraphs.
73 unchanged; 21 reworded; 31 added; 50 removed; 4 previous and 1 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 3 previous and 3 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (31)
Current report
We are a biopharmaceutical company developing therapies for the treatment of hematologic disorders. In our previously announced Asset Acquisition, we bolstered our pipeline with the addition of three product candidates designed to treat MPNs, a group of related, chronic disorders of the bone marrow. Our lead product candidate, DMR-001, targets mutant forms of the calcium binding protein CALR, which are collectively known as mutCALR. We have exercised our Option to license exclusive worldwide development and commercialization rights to DMR-001 from Paragon pursuant to the Paragon Option Agreement. We intend to develop DMR-001 for the treatment of ET, an MPN associated with the overproduction of platelets, and MF, an MPN involving the overproliferation of blood cells and deposition of fibrous material in the bone marrow and spleen. Approximately 25% and 35% of cases of ET and MF, respectively, are caused by mutCALR rather than mutations in JAK2. In contrast to marketed therapies for ET and MF, DMR-001 is designed to selectively target cells that express mutCALR while avoiding the adverse effects associated with non-specific cytoreductive drugs. Furthermore, DMR-001 was designed to have increased affinity, potency and a prolonged half-life when compared with other antibodies in development that target mutCALR. We believe that the potential combination of increased clinical activity and improved pharmacokinetics of DMR-001 positions it as a potential best-in-class therapy for ET and MF. We also have the option to license exclusive worldwide development and commercialization rights from Paragon of two other mutCALR-targeting product candidates, DMR-002 and DMR-003, pursuant to the Paragon Option Agreement. We intend to submit an IND or CTA for DMR-001 and DMR-002 in mid-2026 and the second half of 2026, respectively, and for DMR-003 in 2027. Pursuant to the Paragon Option Agreement, we have engaged Paragon to execute a mutually agreed research plan for DMR-001, DMR-002, and DMR-003 aimed at producing potential product candidates to be licensed for further development, manufacture and commercialization by us. The research plan activities performed by Paragon are overseen by a joint development committee comprised of our employees and employees of Paragon.
Current report
MPNs are caused by excessive proliferation of myeloid cells. In some patients, including ET patients, MPNs are considered chronic diseases that lead to significant decreases in quality of life. MPNs also include MF, which is associated with poor prognosis and increased mortality. One feature that makes MPNs attractive indications for drug development is that mutations in just a small number of genes are responsible for a significant percentage of cases, which enables the opportunity to develop targeted therapies. Our ultimate goal is to develop a portfolio of targeted mutation-directed candidates to address the full spectrum of MPN disease.
Current report
DMR-001 is a monoclonal antibody that targets mutations in CALR, including the two major forms of CALR mutations referred to as Type 1 and Type 2 mutCALR. CALR mutations are the drivers of about a quarter of all cases of ET, a disease with a prevalence in the United States of about 140,000 patients. ET is characterized by excessive production of platelets, leading to symptoms that range from tingling or burning in the hands and feet to headache, visual problems, weakness, dizziness and increased risk of blood clots, causing heart attacks, strokes and other thromboses. CALR mutations are the drivers of about 35% of all cases of MF, a disease with a prevalence in the United States of about 20,000 patients. MF is characterized by abnormal myeloid cell proliferation leading to inflammation and a fibrotic response in the bone marrow. This results in bone marrow scarring, splenomegaly, elevated cytokine levels, and bone marrow dysfunction. Symptoms include fatigue, easy bruising and bleeding, night sweats and fever. Approximately 17% of ET patients who have CALR mutations progress to MF. We believe there exists at least a $5 billion addressable market in the United States for mutCALR driven ET and MF.
Current report
We believe that DMR-001 has the potential to become a best-in-class anti-mutCALR therapy due to two differentiating features compared to marketed therapies and therapies in development, including INCA033989. First, our preclinical studies demonstrated that DMR-001 is a more potent inhibitor of mutCALR-dependent cell proliferation compared to a reference mutCALR targeted monoclonal antibody. This is especially relevant with regard to patients with Type 2 mutCALR, which represent about a third of mutCALR patients. Whereas Type 1 mutations are characterized by a deletion of 52 base pairs in the gene for CALR, Type 2 mutations have an insertion of 5 base pairs. Our preclinical assays demonstrated that DMR-001 has approximately ten-fold higher potency on Type 2 mutCALR than a reference mutCALR antibody with the same mechanism of action as INCA033989. Second, DMR-001 was engineered to have an increased half-life in circulation through the incorporation of sequence modifications that have previously been shown to improve pharmacokinetics in humans. Our preclinical data generated in NHPs, confirmed the improved half-life of DMR-001 compared to a reference antibody.
Current report
The expected combination of increased clinical activity and longer half-life is predicted to enable the delivery of sufficient amounts of DMR-001 via subcutaneous injection to match and potentially exceed the reported efficacy of INCA033989 that was intravenously administered in Incyte's Phase 1 trial. We believe such a subcutaneous formulation is critically important because it provides a more convenient dosing option for ET and MF patients, most of whom have a long life expectancy after diagnosis and thus require long-term treatment. We intend to file an IND or CTA for DMR-001 in mid-2026 and initiate a Phase 1 trial in ET and MF patients with a subcutaneous formulation thereafter, subject to regulatory approval, with two proof-of-concept readouts expected beginning mid-2027.
Current report
In addition, we are developing DMR-002 and DMR-003, both anti-mutCALR-based therapies, with the intent to ultimately address the full spectrum of mutCALR MPN patients. We intend to file an IND or CTA for DMR-002 in the second half of 2026 and for DMR-003 in 2027.
Current report
We periodically evaluate our product pipeline to assess whether development of certain assets in our portfolio align with our strategic objectives. Following a recent review of our product candidate portfolio, we have determined to focus on our mutCALR portfolio to address the full mutCALR MPN disease spectrum and have deprioritized continued development of GB3226, a small molecule inhibitor of ENL-YEATS and FLT3 for the treatment of AML. We intend to explore entering into one or more corporate partnerships or collaboration arrangements to advance the development and commercialization of our legacy assets, including GB3226, GB1211 (galectin-3 inhibitor candidate), and GB2064 (LOXL-2 inhibitor candidate).
Current report
Recent Developments
Current report
Acquisition of Damora Therapeutics, Inc.
Current report
On November 10, 2025, we effected the Asset Acquisition to acquire Pre-Acquisition Damora in accordance with the terms of the Acquisition Agreement. Pursuant to the Acquisition Agreement, First Merger Sub merged with and into Pre-Acquisition Damora, pursuant to which Pre-Acquisition Damora was the surviving corporation and became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Immediately following the First Merger, Pre-Acquisition Damora merged with and into Second Merger Sub, pursuant to which Second Merger Sub was the surviving entity.
Current report
The Asset Acquisition was structured as a stock-for-stock transaction pursuant to which all of Pre-Acquisition Damora’s outstanding equity interests were exchanged based on a fixed exchange ratio of 1-for-1.6366, for consideration of a combination of 265,309 shares of common stock, 16,366 shares of Series B Preferred Stock (or 16,366,000 shares on an as-converted-to-common stock basis), and 4,241 shares of Series C Preferred Stock (or 4,241,000 shares on an as-converted-to-common stock basis), in addition to the assumption of outstanding and unexercised stock options to purchase 434,508 shares of common stock from the Damora Therapeutics, Inc. 2025 Equity Incentive Plan.
Current report
Concurrently with the Asset Acquisition, we entered into the Securities Purchase Agreement for a private investment with the Investors to raise $285 million in which the Investors were issued 39,641 shares of Series C Preferred Stock (or 39,641,000 shares on an as-converted-to-common stock basis) at a price of $7,186.90 per share (or $7.1869 per share on an as-converted-to-common stock basis). The PIPE closed on November 12, 2025. The Transactions were approved by our board of directors and the board of directors and stockholders of Pre-Acquisition Damora. The closings of the Transactions were not subject to the approval of our stockholders. Subject to certain beneficial ownership limitations set by each holder, each share of Series B Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred stock will be convertible at the option of the holder into 1,000 shares of common stock. Except as otherwise required by law (e.g. voting on a change to the authorized shares of Series B Preferred Stock or the rights of such shares as required by the DGCL) and the Series B Certificate of Designation, the Series B Preferred Stock does not have voting rights. Except as otherwise required by law (e.g. voting on a change to the authorized shares of Series C Preferred Stock or the rights of such shares as required by DGCL) and the Series C Certificate of Designation, the Series C Preferred Stock does not have voting rights. On February 9, 2026, we held a special meeting of stockholders of the company and received stockholder approval of, among other proposals, (i) the issuance of shares of common stock upon conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred Stock and (ii) the Share Increase of Amendment to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock from 300,000,000 to 500,000,000. Following the special meeting of stockholders of the company, on February 9, 2026, 42,005 shares of Series C Preferred Stock were automatically converted into 42,005,000 shares of common stock. On February 9, 2026, we filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware the Share Increase Amendment to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock from 300,000,000 to 500,000,000.
Current report
Shelf Registration Statement, ATM Offering Program and February 2026 Public Offering
Current report
On February 10, 2026, we filed an automatically effective shelf registration statement (the “Registration Statement”) with the SEC for the issuance of common stock, preferred stock, warrants, debt securities, rights and units.
Current report
On February 10, 2026, we entered into the ATM Agreement, pursuant to which we may sell, from time-to-time, shares of our common stock under an ATM offering program for up to $150.0 million. As of the date of this filing, we have not made any sales under the ATM offering program and have $150.0 million in remaining capacity under the ATM offering program.
Current report
On February 10, 2026, we also entered into an underwriting agreement with certain underwriters to issue and sell 14,473,685 shares of our common stock, including the full exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase an additional 2,171,052 shares, at a public offering price of $19.00 per share. The net proceeds from this offering were approximately $297.3 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and expenses of the offering. The underwritten offering closed on February 12, 2026.
Current report
We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to advance our preclinical studies, clinical trials, and manufacturing in support of our antibody programs, as well as for additional research and development activities, working capital, and general corporate purposes. We may also use a portion of the proceeds to license, acquire or invest in new product candidates or for drug development activities related to such product candidates, complementary businesses, technology or assets.
Current report
The underwritten offering was made pursuant to the Registration Statement. A final prospectus supplement dated February 10, 2026 relating to and describing the terms of the underwritten offering was filed with the SEC on February 11, 2026.
Current report
Name Change
Current report
On March 6, 2026, we filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware an amendment to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to change the name of the Company from “Galecto, Inc.” to “Damora Therapeutics, Inc.” (the “Name Change Amendment”). The Name Change Amendment became effective at 12:01 a.m. Eastern Time on March 10, 2026.
Current report
Business and Macroeconomic Conditions
Current report
The extent of the impact of macroeconomic events and conditions, including inflation, increasing interest rates, increasing financial market volatility and uncertainty, the impacts of geopolitical instabilities and government actions, including the ongoing military conflict in Ukraine, conflict between Israel and various other parties, conflicts in the Middle East, geopolitical tensions between China and the United States, and the implementation of tariffs, sanctions, export or import controls, and other measures that restrict international trade by the United States, China or other governments, and their potential supply chain impact, and public health pandemics on our operational and financial performance will continue to depend on certain developments, including the impact on our clinical studies, employee or industry events, and effect on our suppliers and manufacturers, all of which are uncertain and cannot be predicted. Adverse effects of these large macroeconomic conditions have been prevalent in many of the areas where we and our suppliers or third-party business partners conduct business, and as a result, we may experience disruptions in our operations. We may experience disruptions or delays due to these factors as well as delays due to labor shortages and supply chain disruptions in distribution of clinical trial materials, trial monitoring and data analysis that could materially adversely impact our business, results of operations and overall financial performance in future periods. As of the filing date of this Annual Report, the extent to which these macroeconomic events and conditions may impact our financial condition, results of operations or guidance is uncertain. The effect of these macroeconomic events and conditions may not be fully reflected in our results of operations and overall financial performance until future periods. See Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” for further discussion of the possible impact of these macroeconomic conditions on our business.
Current report
direct and pass through costs associated with research conducted under the Paragon Option Agreement;
Current report
For the year ended December 31, 2025, we recognized $22.1 million of research and development expenses in connection with services provided by Paragon under the Paragon Option Agreement in our consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss.
Current report
Acquired in-process research and development costs were $174.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. This increase in costs relate to the Asset Acquisition. The Asset Acquisition was structured as a stock-for-stock transaction pursuant to which all of Pre-Acquisition Damora’s outstanding equity interests were exchanged based on a fixed exchange ratio of 1-for-1.6366, for consideration of a combination of 265,309 shares of common stock, 16,366 shares of Series B Preferred Stock, and 4,241 shares of Series C Preferred Stock, in addition to the assumption of outstanding and unexercised stock options to purchase 434,508 shares of common stock from the Damora Therapeutics, Inc. 2025 Equity Incentive Plan. The acquired in-process research and development costs include the fair value of the common stock of $4.6 million, the fair value of the preferred stock of $148.1 million, the assumed assets of $0.2 million, the assumed specified liabilities of $19.5 million, and transaction costs of $2.3 million.
Current report
Our operations to date have been financed primarily through our initial public offering, the sale and issuance of common stock and preferred shares and, prior to becoming a public company, convertible notes. During the year ended December 31, 2025, we raised $266.8 million in financing through the sale of Series C Preferred Stock in the PIPE completed in November 2025 in connection with the Asset Acquisition. In February 2026, we entered into the ATM Agreement, pursuant to which we may sell, from time-to-time, shares of our common stock under an ATM offering program for up to $150.0 million. As of the date of this filing, we have not made any sales under the ATM offering program and have $150.0 million in remaining capacity under the ATM offering program. In February 2026, we also entered into an underwriting agreement with certain underwriters to issue and sell 14,473,685 shares of our common stock, including the full exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase an additional 2,171,052 shares, at a public offering price of $19.00 per share. The net proceeds from this offering were approximately $297.3 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and expenses of the offering.
Current report
Cash used in investing activities of $17.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 was attributable to Damora Asset Acquisition costs, net of cash assumed.
Current report
Cash provided by financing activities of $266.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 was primarily attributable to the sale of Series C Preferred Stock in the PIPE completed in November 2025 in connection with the Asset Acquisition.
Current report
Since inception, we have not generated any revenue from product sales. We do not expect to generate any meaningful product revenue unless and until we obtain regulatory approval of and commercialize DMR-001, DMR-002, DMR-003 or any future product candidates, and we do not know when, or if, that will occur. Until we can generate significant revenue from product sales, if ever, we will continue to require substantial additional capital to develop DMR-001, DMR-002, DMR-003 or any future product candidates and fund operations for the foreseeable future. We expect our expenses to increase in connection with our ongoing activities. We are subject to all the risks involved in the development of new biopharmaceutical products, and we may encounter unforeseen expenses, difficulties, complications, delays, and other unknown factors that may harm our business. We expect to incur significant costs as we implement our development plans for DMR-001, DMR-002 and DMR-003 and we will need to obtain substantial additional funding to finance our continuing operations.
Current report
In order to complete the development of DMR-001, DMR-002, DMR-003 or any future product candidates and to build the sales, marketing and distribution infrastructure that we believe will be necessary to commercialize product candidates, if approved, we will require substantial additional capital. Accordingly, until such time that we can generate a sufficient amount of revenue from product sales or other sources, if ever, we expect to seek to raise any necessary additional capital through private or public equity or debt financings, loans or other capital sources, which could include income from collaborations, partnerships or other marketing, distribution, licensing or other strategic arrangements with third parties, or from grants. To the extent that we raise additional capital through equity financings, such as our ATM offering program, or convertible debt securities, the ownership interest of our stockholders will be or could be diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the rights of our common stockholders. Debt financing and equity financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, including restricting our operations and limiting our ability to incur liens, issue additional debt, pay dividends, repurchase our common stock, make certain investments or engage in merger, consolidation, licensing, or asset sale transactions. If we raise capital through collaborations, partnerships, and other similar arrangements with third parties, we may be required to grant rights to develop and market product candidates that we would otherwise prefer to develop and market ourselves. We may be unable to raise additional capital from these sources on favorable terms, or at all. Our ability to raise additional capital may be adversely impacted by potential worsening global economic conditions and the disruptions to, and volatility in, the credit and financial markets in the United States and worldwide resulting from bank failures, other general macroeconomic conditions and otherwise. Our failure to obtain sufficient capital on acceptable terms when needed could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition, including requiring us to seek other alternatives which may include, among others, a delay or termination of our clinical trials or the development of our product candidates, temporary or permanent curtailment of our operations, a sale of our assets, or other alternatives with strategic or financial partners. We cannot provide assurance that we will ever generate positive cash flow from operating activities.
Current report
Smaller Reporting Company Status
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Previous report
Overview
Previous report
We are a clinical-stage biotechnology company developing novel small molecule therapeutics that are designed to target the biological processes that lie at the heart of cancer and liver diseases. Our strategy is to focus on diseases without disease-modifying treatment options and where there is a high unmet medical need.
Previous report
In September 2023, we announced a corporate restructuring that resulted in a substantial reduction of our workforce and that we had initiated a process to evaluate strategic alternatives. On October 7, 2024, we announced that we had completed our strategic alternative review process and determined to focus on oncology and severe liver diseases. In connection with this announcement, we announced that we had entered into the Bridge Purchase Agreement with Bridge Medicines, pursuant to which we acquired global rights to Bridge Medicines’ BRM-1420 program, a novel dual ENL-YEATS and FLT3 inhibitor for multiple genetic subsets of AML, and assumed certain of Bridge Medicines’ liabilities associated with the acquired assets. As a result of the conclusion of the strategic alternatives review process, our focus is now on the development of GB3226 (formerly BRM-1420) and GB1211. As part of the strategic alternative review process, we determined not to further advance GB2064, our LOXL-2 inhibitor candidate.
Previous report
Based on current estimates of our expenses going forward, we believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents of $14.2 million as of December 31, 2024 will be sufficient to fund the preclinical development of GB3226 into 2026, including the submission of an IND to the FDA. However, we will require substantial additional capital to finance our operations, including clinical development of any of our GB3226 and GB1211 programs. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could exhaust our available capital resources sooner than we expect. We have evaluated whether there are conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern from the issuance date of our financial statements. We will require substantial additional capital to finance our operations, including clinical development of any of our GB3226 and GB1211 programs. These conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least one year from the date our financial statements are issued. We have developed plans to mitigate this risk, which primarily consist of raising additional capital through some combination of equity or convertible debt financings and/or potential new collaborations, but there can be no assurances any such financing will be available when needed. If we are unable to secure adequate additional funding, we will need to reevaluate our operating plans and may be forced to make reductions in spending, extend payment terms with suppliers, liquidate assets where possible, delay, scale back or eliminate some or all of our development programs, relinquish rights to our intellectual property on less favorable terms than we would otherwise choose, or cease operations entirely. These actions could materially impact our business, results of operations and future prospects and the value of shares of our common stock, and investors may lose all or a part of their investment. In addition, attempting to secure additional financing may divert the time and attention of management from day-to-day activities and distract from our discovery and product development efforts.
Previous report
complete preclinical development and file an IND for GB3226;
Previous report
advance our oncology and liver disease product candidates and any future product candidates through preclinical and clinical development, and, if successful, later-stage clinical trials;
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seek regulatory approvals for any product candidates that successfully complete clinical trials;
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commercialize our oncology and liver disease product candidates and any future product candidates, if approved;
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increase the amount of research and development activities to discover and develop product candidates;
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hire additional clinical development, quality control, scientific and management personnel;
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expand our operational, financial and management systems and increase personnel, including personnel to support our clinical development and manufacturing efforts;
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establish a sales, marketing, medical affairs and distribution infrastructure to commercialize any products for which we may obtain marketing approval and intend to commercialize on our own or jointly with third parties;
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maintain, expand and protect our intellectual property portfolio; and
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invest in or in-license other technologies or product candidates.
Previous report
If and when we seek and obtain regulatory approval to commercialize any product candidate, we will also incur increased expenses in connection with commercialization and marketing of any such product. Our net losses may fluctuate significantly from quarter-to-quarter and year-to-year, depending on the timing of our clinical trials and our expenditures on other research and development activities.
Previous report
To date, we have not had any products approved for sale and, therefore, have not generated any product revenue. We do not expect to generate any revenues from product sales unless and until we successfully complete development and obtain regulatory approval for one or more of our product candidates. As a result, until such time, if ever, that we can generate substantial product revenue, we expect to finance our cash needs through equity offerings, debt financings or other capital sources, including collaborations, licenses or similar arrangements. However, we may be unable to raise additional funds or enter into such other arrangements when needed or on favorable terms, if at all. Any failure to raise capital as and when needed could have a negative impact on our financial condition and on our ability to pursue our business plans and strategies, including our research and development activities.
Previous report
Economic uncertainty in various global markets, including the U.S. and Europe, caused by political instability and conflict, such as the ongoing conflict in Ukraine and in Israel, have led to market disruptions, including significant volatility in commodity prices, credit and capital market instability and supply chain interruptions, which have caused volatility in inflation globally. Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected by further negative impact on the global economy and capital markets resulting from these global economic conditions, particularly if such conditions are prolonged or worsen.
Previous report
Although, to date, our business has not been materially impacted by these global economic and geopolitical conditions, it is impossible to predict the extent to which our operations will be impacted in the short and long term, or the ways in which such instability could impact our business and results of operations. The extent and duration of these market disruptions, whether as a result of the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine and effects of the Russian sanctions, geopolitical tensions, volatility in inflation or otherwise, are impossible to predict, but could be substantial. Any such disruptions may also magnify the impact of other risks described in this report.
Previous report
For additional information on the various risks posed by global economic uncertainties, please read the section entitled “Risk Factors” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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Reverse stock split
Previous report
We have qualified for the R&D Expenditure Credit (“RDEC”) in United Kingdom for preclinical laboratory and in-patient clinical trials. The RDEC net tax benefit is reported as a reduction to research and development expense in the consolidated statements of operations. We recorded an overall reduction for the RDEC, net of the UK corporation tax rate of $0.06 million and $0.6 million in the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The amount recorded as of December 31, 2024 includes relief for the tax year December 31, 2024 and the amount recorded as of December 31, 2023 includes relief for the tax years December 31, 2021 through December 31, 2023.
Previous report
Gain (loss) on sales of equipment: The gain on the sales of our equipment are recorded in our statements of operations.
Previous report
Acquired in-process research and development costs were $4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. These costs relate tothe Bridge Purchase Agreement pursuant to which we acquired global rights to Bridge Medicines’ BRM-1420 program. Pursuant to the Bridge Purchase Agreement, as consideration to Bridge Medicines for the asset purchase, we issued to Bridge Medicines 62,594 shares of our common stock and 160.562 shares of our newly designated Series A non-voting convertible preferred stock, which closed on October 7, 2024. The costs include the fair value of the common stock, the fair value of the convertible preferred stock, the assumed specified liabilities and transaction costs. There were no acquired in-process research and development costs for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Previous report
Our operations to date have been financed primarily through our IPO, the issuance of common stock through our ATM Program and, prior to becoming a public company, the issuance of convertible preferred shares and convertible notes. On November 2, 2020, we completed our IPO in which we raised $86.3 million in net proceeds. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we had no sales under the ATM Program. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we sold an aggregate of 58,412 shares of our common stock under the ATM Program at a weighted average selling price of $52.50 per share.
Previous report
Cash provided by investing activities of $22.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 was attributable to $48.1 million in proceeds from the sale of marketable securities and $0.1 million for the proceeds from the sale of equipment, offset by $25.9 million for the purchase of marketable securities.
Previous report
Cash provided by financing activities of $2.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 was the result of net proceeds from the issuance of our common stock.
Previous report
We do not currently have any committed external source of funds. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, our stockholders’ ownership interest will be diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect our stockholders’ rights as a common stockholder. Debt financing and preferred equity financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making acquisitions or capital expenditures or declaring dividends. If we raise additional funds through collaborations, strategic alliances, marketing and distribution arrangements, or licensing arrangements with third parties, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies, future revenue streams, research programs or product candidates or grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us. If we are unable to raise additional funds through equity or debt financings or other arrangements when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our research, product development or future commercialization efforts, or grant rights to develop and market product candidates that we would otherwise prefer to develop and market ourselves.
Previous report
Our registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-260778) expired on November 12, 2024 and we have not yet filed a new registration statement on Form S-3. As of the filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we are subject to the Baby Shelf Rule, under which we can raise through primary public securities offerings in any 12-month period using a registration statement on Form S-3 an amount of funds up to one-third of the aggregate market value of the shares of our common stock held by non-affiliates, which is commonly referred to as public float. As of January 21, 2025, our public float was approximately $7.3 million, based on 1,272,870 shares of outstanding common stock held by non-affiliates and at $5.76 per share, which was the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on January 21, 2025. If and when we file a new registration statement on Form S-3, we may continue to be limited in the proceeds we can raise by selling shares of our common stock using a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 until our public float exceeds $75 million The number of securities we may sell under a Form S-3 shelf registration statement may also change over time. Even if sufficient funding is available in the future, there can be no assurance that it will be available on terms acceptable to our stockholders or us. Furthermore, if we are required or choose to file a new registration statement on a form other than Form S-3, we may incur additional costs and be subject to delays due to review by the SEC staff.
Previous report
Because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with research, development and commercialization of pharmaceutical products, we are unable to estimate the exact amount of our operating capital requirements. Our future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to:
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the clinical development plans we establish for these product candidates;
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the scope, progress, results and costs of discovery, research, preclinical development, laboratory testing and clinical trials for our current and future product candidates;
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the impacts of volatility in inflation and interest rates, tariffs, geopolitical instability, changes in international trade relationships and conflicts;
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the number of, and development requirements for, other product candidates that we develop;
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the timelines of our clinical trials and the overall costs to finish clinical trials due to geopolitical instability and conflict;
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the outcome, timing and cost of meeting regulatory requirements established by the FDA, EMA, and other comparable foreign regulatory authorities;
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our ability to enter into contract manufacturing arrangements for supply of API and manufacture of our product candidates, and the terms of such arrangements;
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whether we are able to enter into and maintain collaboration agreements, including the terms of and timing of payments under any such agreements;
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the cost of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing our patent claims and other intellectual property rights;
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the cost of defending intellectual property disputes, including patent infringement actions brought by third parties against us or our product candidates;
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the extent to which we acquire or in-license other products, product candidates, or technologies;
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Previous wording
Our operations to date have been financed primarily from our IPO, the issuance of common stock through our former at-the-market sales program (the “ATM Program”), the issuance of convertible preferred shares and convertible notes. Since inception, we have had significant operating losses. Our net loss was $21.4 million and $38.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, we had an accumulated deficit of $277.5 million.
Current wording
Our operations to date have been financed primarily from our initial public offering, the issuance of common stock, convertible preferred stock and convertible notes. Since inception, we have had significant operating losses. Our net losses were $209.8 million and $21.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, we had an accumulated deficit of $487.4 million and $257.6 million in cash and cash equivalents.
Previous wording
We have evaluated whether there are conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern from the issuance date of our financial statements. Based on current estimates of our expenses going forward, we believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents of $14.2 million as of December 31, 2024 will be sufficient to fund our operating expenditures and capital expenditure requirements into 2026. We have based these estimates on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could exhaust our available capital resources sooner than we expect. These conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least one year from the date our financial statements are issued. We have developed plans to mitigate this risk, which primarily consist of raising additional capital through some combination of equity or convertible debt financings and/or potential new collaborations, but there can be no assurances any such financing will be available when needed, or on acceptable terms. If we are unable to secure adequate additional funding, we will need to reevaluate our operating plans and may be forced to make reductions in spending, extend payment terms with suppliers, liquidate assets where possible, delay, scale back or eliminate some or all of our development programs, relinquish rights to our intellectual property on less favorable terms than we would otherwise choose, or cease operations entirely. These actions could materially impact our business, results of operations and future prospects and the value of shares of our common stock, and investors may lose all or a part of their investment. In addition, attempting to secure additional financing may divert the time and attention of management from day-to-day activities and distract from our discovery and product development efforts.
Current wording
Based on current estimates of our expenses going forward, we believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents of $257.6 million as of December 31, 2025 will be sufficient to fund our operations into Phase 3 development of DMR-001. We have based these estimates on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could exhaust our available capital resources sooner than we expect. We expect to continue to incur substantial losses for the foreseeable future, and our transition to profitability will depend upon successful development, approval, and commercialization of our product candidates and upon achievement of sufficient revenues to support our cost structure.
Previous wording
On August 29, 2024, we effected a 1-for-25 reverse stock split of our issued and outstanding common stock. Accordingly, unless otherwise noted, all share and per share amounts for all periods presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K been adjusted retroactively, where applicable, to reflect this reverse stock split. All fractional shares resulting from the reverse stock split were rounded up to the nearest whole number.
Current wording
On August 29, 2024, we effected a 1-for-25 reverse stock split of our issued and outstanding common stock. Accordingly, unless otherwise noted, all share and per share amounts for all periods presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K have been adjusted retroactively, where applicable, to reflect this reverse stock split. All fractional shares resulting from the reverse stock split were rounded up to the nearest whole number.
Previous wording
We have historically met the requirements to receive a tax credit in Denmark of up to $0.8 million per year for losses resulting from research and development costs of up to approximately $3.7 million per year. The tax credit is reported as a reduction to research and development expense in the consolidated statements of operations. We recorded a reduction to research and development expense of $0.8 million in each of the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. The credits are available the following year, in 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Current wording
We have historically met the requirements to receive a tax credit in Denmark of up to $0.8 million per year for losses resulting from research and development costs of up to approximately $3.9 million per year. The tax credit is reported as a reduction to research and development expense in the consolidated statements of operations. We recorded a reduction to research and development expense of $0.8 million in each of the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. The credits are available the following year, in 2026 and 2025, respectively.
Previous wording
Research and development activities account for a significant portion of our operating expenses. We expect our research and development expenses to increase over the next several years as we plan to invest in research and development activities related to developing our product candidates, including investments in preclinical development, conducting clinical trials, manufacturing and otherwise advancing our programs. However, because we currently expect to conduct fewer clinical trials, we anticipate these expenses will be lower than our general and administrative expenses prior to announcing the initiation of our strategic alternative review process in September 2023. The process of conducting the necessary clinical research to obtain regulatory approval is costly and time-consuming, and the successful development of our product candidates is highly uncertain. Product candidates in later stages of clinical development generally incur higher development costs than those in earlier stages of clinical development, primarily due to the increased size and duration of later-stage clinical trials. As a result, we expect that if we pursue further development and testing of our product candidates, our research and development expenses will increase as our product candidates advance into clinical development and/or later stages of clinical development.
Current wording
Research and development activities account for a significant portion of our operating expenses. We expect our research and development expenses will increase substantially for the foreseeable future as we continue to invest in research and development activities related to the continued development of our programs, developing any future programs, including investments in manufacturing, as we advance any program we may identify and continue to conduct clinical trials. The process of conducting the necessary clinical research to obtain regulatory approval is costly and time-consuming, and the successful development of our product candidates is highly uncertain. Product candidates in later stages of clinical development generally incur higher development costs than those in earlier stages of clinical development, primarily due to the increased size and duration of later-stage clinical trials. As a result, we expect that if we pursue further development and testing of our product candidates, our research and development expenses will increase as our product candidates advance into clinical development and/or later stages of clinical development.
Previous wording
the initiation, progress, timing, costs and results of preclinical studies and clinical trials for our product candidates, including GB3226, GB1211 and any our other product candidates we develop in the future;
Current wording
the initiation, progress, timing, costs and results of preclinical studies and clinical trials for our product candidates, including DMR-001, DMR-002, DMR-003 and any our other product candidates we develop in the future;
Previous wording
acceptance by the FDA, regulatory authorities in Europe, Health Canada or other regulatory agencies of regulatory filings for GB3226, GB1211 and any future product candidates;
Current wording
acceptance by the FDA, regulatory authorities in Europe or other regulatory agencies of regulatory filings for DMR-001, DMR-002, DMR-003 and any future product candidates;
Previous wording
Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel costs, depreciation expense and other expenses for outside professional services, including legal, human resources, audit and accounting services and facility-related fees not otherwise included in research and development expenses. Personnel costs consist of salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation expense, for our personnel in executive, finance and accounting, business operations and other administrative functions. We expect our general and administrative expenses to increase moderately over the next several years to support our continued research and development activities, manufacturing activities and continued costs of operating as a public company. However, we anticipate these expenses will be lower than our general and administrative expenses prior to announcing the initiation of our strategic alternative review in September 2023. These expenses will likely include continued costs related to the hiring of additional personnel, legal, regulatory and other fees, director and officer insurance premiums and investor relations costs associated with our continued operations.
Current wording
Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel costs, depreciation expense and other expenses for outside professional services, including legal, human resources, audit and accounting services and facility-related fees not otherwise included in research and development expenses. Personnel costs consist of salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation expense, for our personnel in executive, finance and accounting, business operations and other administrative functions. We expect that our general and administrative expenses will increase substantially for the foreseeable future as we increase our headcount and further establish our office space to support our expected growth. We also expect to incur increased expenses as a public company, including increased costs of accounting, audit, legal, regulatory and tax related services associated with maintaining compliance with SEC requirements, additional director and officer insurance costs, and investor and public relations costs. We also expect to incur additional intellectual property-related expenses as we file patent applications to protect innovations arising from our research and development activities.
Previous wording
Our restructuring costs consist primarily of expenses related to employee severance and notice period payments, benefits and related costs and other expenses including non-cash stock-based compensation expense related to the accelerated vesting of certain share-based awards, lease commitments and legal expenses. We anticipate that our restructuring costs will decrease in the near future compared to prior periods due to the restructuring costs being incurred in the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 and since the execution of the restructuring plan is substantially complete.
Current wording
Our restructuring costs consist primarily of expenses related to employee severance and notice period payments, benefits and related costs and other expenses including non-cash stock-based compensation expense related to the accelerated vesting of certain share-based awards, lease commitments and legal expenses. We anticipate that we will not incur any additional restructuring costs in the near future.
Previous wording
Interest income: The interest income earned on our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities is recorded in our statements of operations.
Current wording
Interest income: The interest income earned on our cash and cash equivalents is recorded in our statements of operations.
Previous wording
Research and development expenses were $6.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $23.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease of $17.4 million was primarily related to decreased clinical trial-related expenses of $6.3 million due to discontinued clinical trial activities, decreased chemistry, manufacturing and control
Current wording
Research and development expenses were $26.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $6.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase of $20.5 million was primarily related to costs related to the Paramora Warrant of $9.4 million, increased preclinical studies and clinical trial-related expenses of $5.3 million, increased chemistry, manufacturing and control (“CMC”) activities of $5.7 million and increased consulting related costs and other research and development costs of $2.2 million; partially offset by decreased personnel costs of $2.1 million.
Previous wording
General and administrative expenses were $10.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $12.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease of $2.2 million was primarily related to decreased personnel costs of $1.8 million primarily related to an employee termination and decreased other general and administrative costs of $0.8 million; offset by increased legal related costs of $0.4 million.
Current wording
General and administrative expenses were $9.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $10.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The decrease of $0.8 million was primarily related to decreased stock-based compensation costs of $1.6 million; partially offset by increased personnel costs of $0.5 million and other general and administrative costs, net of $0.3 million.
Previous wording
Restructuring costs were $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $3.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease of $2.4 million was primarily attributable to the May 2024 reduction-in-force being significantly smaller than the September 2023 reduction-in-force.
Current wording
There were no restructuring costs for the year ended December 31, 2025. Restructuring costs were $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, primarily attributable to a reduction-in-force in the second quarter of 2024.
Previous wording
Other income, net was $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease of $0.6 million was primarily due to decreased interest income, net; offset by increased foreign exchange gain, net.
Current wording
Other income, net was $1.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase of $0.2 million was primarily due to increased interest income, net; offset by increased foreign exchange loss, net.
Previous wording
Since inception, we have had significant operating losses. Our net losses were $21.4 million and $38.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, we had an accumulated deficit of $277.5 million and $14.2 million in cash and cash equivalents. Our primary use of cash is to fund operating expenses, which consist primarily of research and development expenditures, and to a lesser extent, general and administrative expenditures. Cash used to fund operating expenses is impacted by the timing of when we pay these expenses, as reflected in the change in our outstanding accounts payable and accrued expenses.
Current wording
Since inception, we have had significant operating losses. Our net losses were $209.8 million and $21.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, we had an accumulated deficit of $487.4 million and $257.6 million in cash and cash equivalents. Our primary use of cash is to fund operating expenses, which consist primarily of research and development expenditures, and to a lesser extent, general and administrative expenditures. Cash used to fund operating expenses is impacted by the timing of when we pay these expenses, as reflected in the change in our outstanding accounts payable and accrued expenses.
Previous wording
Cash used in operating activities of $36.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 was attributable to our net loss of $38.3 million and a net decrease of $4.4 million in our working capital, offset by a net increase in non-cash items of $5.8 million principally with respect to non-cash stock-based compensation, non-cash amortization of the right of use lease asset, non-cash amortization of premiums and discounts on marketable securities and non-cash depreciation of equipment.
Current wording
Cash used in operating activities of $6.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2025 was attributable to our net loss of $209.8 million and a net increase of $18.4 million in our working capital, offset by a net increase in non-cash items of $184.7 million principally with respect to non-cash in-process research and development costs in connection with the Asset Acquisition, non-cash issuance of the Paramora Warrant and non-cash stock-based compensation.
Previous wording
Cash used in operating activities of $18.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2024 was attributable to our net loss of $21.4 million and a net decrease of $2.7 million in our working capital, offset by a net increase in non-cash items of $5.5 million principally with respect to non-cash stock-based compensation, non-cash issuance of common stock and preferred stock in connection with the Bridge Purchase Agreement and non-cash amortization of the right of use lease asset.
Current wording
Cash used in operating activities of $18.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2024 was attributable to our net loss of $21.4 million and a net decrease of $2.7 million in our working capital, offset by a net increase in non-cash items of $5.5 million principally with respect to non-cash stock-based compensation, non-cash issuance of common stock and preferred stock in connection with the asset purchase agreement with Bridge Medicines LLC and non-cash amortization of the right of use lease asset.
Previous wording
We expect to incur significant costs as we implement our development plans for GB3226 and GB1211 and we will need to obtain substantial additional funding to finance our continuing operations. Our primary uses of capital are, and we expect will continue to be, costs related to third-party clinical research, manufacturing and development services; laboratory expenses and costs for related supplies; clinical costs; manufacturing costs; compensation-related expenses; legal and other regulatory expenses; costs to operate as a public company; and general overhead costs.
Current wording
Our primary uses of capital are, and we expect will continue to be, costs related to third-party clinical research, manufacturing and development services; laboratory expenses and costs for related supplies; clinical costs; compensation-related expenses; legal and other regulatory expenses; costs to operate as a public company; and general overhead costs.
Previous wording
Compensation-Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). In accordance with ASC 718, compensation cost is measured at estimated fair value and is recognized as compensation expense over the vesting period during which service is provided in exchange for the award.
Current wording
We have issued stock-based compensation awards through the granting of stock awards, which generally vest over a four-year period. We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). In accordance with ASC 718, compensation cost is measured at estimated fair value and is recognized as compensation expense over the vesting period during which service is provided in exchange for the award.
Previous wording
The fair value of our awards in the year ended December 31, 2024 has been estimated using Black-Scholes based on the following assumptions: term of 6.0 years; volatility of 95.3%; risk-free rate of 4.0%; and no expectation of dividends. The fair value of our awards in the year ended December 31, 2023 has been estimated using Black-Scholes based on the following assumptions: term of 6.0 years; volatility of 91.0%; risk-free rate of 3.8%; and no expectation of dividends
Current wording
The fair value of our awards in the year ended December 31, 2025 has been estimated using Black-Scholes based on the following assumptions: term of 6.4 years; volatility of 101.9%; risk-free rate of 3.9%; and no expectation of dividends. The fair value of our awards in the year ended December 31, 2024 has been estimated using Black-Scholes based on the following assumptions: term of 6.0 years; volatility of 95.3%; risk-free rate of 4.0%; and no expectation of dividends.
Previous wording
We are also a “smaller reporting company,” meaning that the market value of our shares held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million and our annual revenue was less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year. We may continue to be a smaller reporting company if either (i) the market value of our shares held by non-affiliates is less than $250 million or (ii) our annual revenue was less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and the market value of our shares held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million. If we are a smaller reporting company at the time we cease to be an EGC, we may continue to rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements that are available to smaller reporting companies. Specifically, as a smaller reporting company, we may choose to present only the two most recent fiscal years of audited financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, and, similar to emerging growth companies, smaller reporting companies have reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation.
Current wording
We are a “smaller reporting company,” meaning that the market value of our shares held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million and our annual revenue was less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year. We may continue to be a smaller reporting company if either (i) the market value of our shares held by non-affiliates is less than $250 million or (ii) our annual revenue was less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and the market value of our shares held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million. As a smaller reporting company, we may choose to present only the two most recent fiscal years of audited financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, and smaller reporting companies have reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation.
Rearranged current paragraphs (1)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Based on current estimates of our expenses going forward, we believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents of $257.6 million as of December 31, 2025 will be sufficient to fund our operations into Phase 3 development of DMR-001. We have based these estimates on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could exhaust our available capital resources sooner than we expect.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (4)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Cash used to fund operating expenses is impacted by the timing of when we pay these expenses, as reflected in the change in our accounts payable and accrued expenses. We anticipate that our expenses will increase substantially if, and as, we:
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
(“CMC”) activities of $1.7 million, decreased personnel costs of $4.8 million and decreased consulting related costs and other research and development costs of $4.6 million.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
the initiation, progress, timing, costs and results of preclinical studies and clinical trials for our product candidates, including GB3226, GB1211 and any our other product candidates we develop in the future;
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
We have issued stock-based compensation awards through the granting of stock awards, which generally vest over a four-year period. We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 718,