NOVAGOLD RESOURCES INC

Previous wording

In Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,“NOVAGOLD”, the“Company”,“we,”* “us” and*“our”* refer to NOVAGOLD RESOURCES INC. and its consolidated subsidiaries. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations constitutes management*’s review of the factors that affected our financial and operating performance for the three- and nine-month periods ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained elsewhere in this report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended November 30, 2023, as well as other information we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission on EDGAR at www.sec.gov and with Canadian Securities Administrators on SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca. References herein to $ refer to United States dollars and C$ to Canadian dollars, in thousands, except for per share amounts.

Current wording

In Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,“NOVAGOLD”, the“Company”,“we,”* “us” and*“our”* refer to NOVAGOLD RESOURCES INC. and its consolidated subsidiaries. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations constitutes management*’s review of the factors that affected our financial and operating performance for the three-month period ended February 28, 2025 and February 29, 2024. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained elsewhere in this report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended November 30, 2024, as well as other information we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission on EDGAR at www.sec.gov and with Canadian Securities Administrators on SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca. References herein to $ refer to United States dollars and C$ to Canadian dollars, in thousands, except for per share amounts.

Previous wording

Our corporate goals include continuing to advance the Donlin Gold project toward a construction decision; maintaining support for Donlin Gold among the project’s stakeholders; promoting a strong safety, sustainability, and environmental culture; maintaining a favorable reputation of NOVAGOLD; and preserving a healthy balance sheet. Our operations primarily relate to the delivery of project milestones, including the achievement of various technical, environmental, sustainable development, economic and legal objectives, obtaining necessary permits, completion of pre-feasibility and feasibility studies, preparation of engineering designs and the financing to fund these objectives.

Current wording

Our corporate goals include continuing to advance Donlin Gold toward a feasibility study and a subsequent construction decision; maintain a favorable reputation of NOVAGOLD and its Donlin Gold project among shareholders; promote strong community outreach and sustainability culture; maintain strong safety and environmental performance; and manage the Company treasury effectively and efficiently. Our operations primarily relate to the delivery of project milestones, including the achievement of various technical, environmental, sustainable development, economic and legal objectives, obtaining necessary permits and maintaining those received in good standing, advancement to a feasibility study, preparation of engineering designs and the financing to fund these objectives.

Previous wording

Our share of funding for the Donlin Gold project in the third quarter and the first nine months of 2024 was $2,864 and $10,198, respectively. In 2024, we continue to expect our share of Donlin Gold funding to be $14,250, for project planning and fieldwork, external affairs, permitting, environmental, land, and legal activities. We record our interest in the Donlin Gold project as an equity investment, which results in our 50% share of Donlin Gold’s expenses being recorded in the income statement as an operating loss. The investment amount recorded on the balance sheet primarily represents unused funds advanced to Donlin Gold.

Current wording

Our share of funding for the Donlin Gold project in the first quarter of 2025 was $3,614. In 2025, we continue to expect our annual share of Donlin Gold funding to be $21,500.

Previous wording

On June 28, 2021, Earthjustice representing Orutsararmiut Native Council (“ONC”) filed an appeal of the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (“ADEC”) Commissioner’s decision upholding the ADEC’s Clean Water Act Section 401 water quality certification in Alaska Superior Court. In December 2021, at the request of the State of Alaska and Donlin Gold, the Superior Court suspended the case and remanded it to ADEC to allow for consideration of additional technical materials on mercury and temperature. After an administrative process, the Commissioner reaffirmed ADEC’s issuance of the 401 Certification on August 18, 2023. The suspension of the previously filed Alaska Superior Court case was then lifted and Earthjustice filed its opening brief with the Alaska Superior Court in January 2024. The briefing is complete and oral arguments were held on August 30, 2024. A decision is anticipated from the Alaska Superior Court by 2025.

Current wording

On June 28, 2021, Earthjustice representing Orutsararmiut Native Council (“ONC”) filed an appeal of the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (“ADEC”) Commissioner’s decision upholding the ADEC’s Clean Water Act Section 401 water quality certification in Alaska Superior Court. In December 2021, at the request of the State of Alaska and Donlin Gold, the Alaska Superior Court suspended the case and remanded it to ADEC to allow for consideration of additional technical materials on mercury and temperature. After an administrative process, the Commissioner reaffirmed ADEC’s issuance of the 401 Certification on August 18, 2023. The suspension of the previously filed Alaska Superior Court case was then lifted and Earthjustice filed its opening brief with the Alaska Superior Court in January 2024. Briefing is complete and oral arguments were held on August 30, 2024. A decision is anticipated from the Alaska Superior Court in 2025.

Previous wording

On September 20, 2021, Earthjustice, representing ONC, Cook Inletkeeper, and three Y-K villages, filed an appeal of the State pipeline Right-of-Way (“ROW”) authorization in Alaska Superior Court. On April 12, 2023, the Alaska Superior Court affirmed ADNR’s issuance of the ROW lease in the Earthjustice case. Earthjustice appealed the Superior Court’s decision to the Alaska Supreme Court. On May 25, 2022, Earthjustice, representing ONC and five Y-K villages, filed an appeal of ADNR’s issuance of certain water rights permits to Donlin Gold in Alaska Superior Court. After briefing and oral argument, on September 1, 2023, the Alaska Superior Court affirmed ADNR’s decision on Donlin Gold’s water rights permits. On October 2, 2023, Earthjustice appealed the Superior Court’s decision to the Alaska Supreme Court. Earthjustice’s opening brief was submitted to the Alaska Supreme Court on January 4, 2024. Response briefs from the State of Alaska and Donlin Gold were completed in April 2024, and Earthjustice subsequently filed their reply brief in May 2024. Briefing on Earthjustice’s appeal of the Alaska Superior Court affirmation of ADNR’s issuance of the State pipeline ROW lease to the Alaska Supreme Court was completed in February 2024. Oral arguments for both the water rights permits and the State pipeline ROW are scheduled for November 12, 2024.

Current wording

On September 20, 2021, Earthjustice, representing ONC, Cook Inletkeeper, and three Y-K villages, filed an appeal of the State pipeline ROW authorization in Alaska Superior Court. On April 12, 2023, the Alaska Superior Court affirmed the Alaska Department of Natural Resources’ (“ADNR”) issuance of the ROW lease in the Earthjustice case. Earthjustice appealed the Superior Court’s decision to the Alaska Supreme Court. On May 25, 2022, Earthjustice, representing ONC and five Y-K villages, filed an appeal of ADNR’s issuance of certain water rights permits to Donlin Gold in Alaska Superior Court. After briefing and oral argument, on September 1, 2023, the Alaska Superior Court affirmed ADNR’s decision on Donlin Gold’s water rights permits. On October 2, 2023, Earthjustice appealed the Superior Court’s decision to the Alaska Supreme Court. Earthjustice’s opening brief was submitted to the Alaska Supreme Court on January 4, 2024. Response briefs from the State of Alaska and Donlin Gold were completed in April 2024, and Earthjustice subsequently filed their reply brief in May 2024. Briefing on Earthjustice’s appeal of the Alaska Superior Court affirmation of ADNR’s issuance of the State pipeline ROW lease to the Alaska Supreme Court was completed in February 2024. Oral arguments for both the water rights permits and the State pipeline ROW were held November 12, 2024, and a decision is anticipated in 2025.

Previous wording

On April 5, 2023, Earthjustice representing ONC and six Y-K villages filed suit against the U.S. government in Anchorage Federal District Court asking the Court to invalidate the Donlin Gold Joint Record of Decision (“JROD”), which included the U.S. Army Corps’ of Engineers’ issuance of the 404 permit and the Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management’s issuance of the ROW lease for the portions of the pipeline on Federal lands. The U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) is defending the issuance of the permits by those Federal agencies. The State of Alaska, Donlin Gold, and Calista were granted intervenor status in this case. The DOJ filed their brief supporting the issuance of the JROD and the sufficiency of the environmental analysis in the Final Environmental Impact Statement on April 2, 2024. Amicus briefs supporting the project were filed by the village of Crooked Creek and the Alaska federal Congressional delegation. Oral arguments were held on June 24, 2024, and the Court issued a decision on September 30, 2024. The decision upheld the federal agencies analysis on two of the three issues raised in the litigation, but agreed with plaintiffs that the federal agencies took too narrow a view in analyzing the impact of a theoretical release from the tailing storage facility. The Court requested supplemental briefing on the appropriate remedy for addressing this issue, which is due October 21, 2024, and response briefing is due November 4, 2024. Donlin Gold is committed to working with the federal agencies and all stakeholders on an appropriate remedy to address the Court’s decision.

Current wording

On April 5, 2023, Earthjustice representing ONC and six Y-K villages filed suit against the U.S. government in Anchorage Federal District Court (the “Federal District Court”) asking the Federal District Court to invalidate the Donlin Gold JROD, which included the Corps’ issuance of the 404 permit and the Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management’s issuance of the ROW lease for the portions of the pipeline on Federal lands. The U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) is defending the issuance of the permits by those Federal agencies. The State of Alaska, Donlin Gold, and Calista were granted intervenor status in this case. The DOJ filed their brief supporting the issuance of the JROD and the sufficiency of the environmental analysis in the Final Environmental Impact Statement on April 2, 2024. Amicus briefs supporting the project were filed by the village of Crooked Creek and the Alaska federal Congressional delegation. Oral arguments were held on June 24, 2024, and the Federal District Court issued a decision on September 30, 2024. The decision rejected the plaintiffs’ arguments on two of the three issues raised in the litigation but agreed with plaintiffs that the federal agencies took too narrow of a view in analyzing the impact of a theoretical release from the tailings storage facility. The Federal District Court requested supplemental briefing on the appropriate remedy for addressing this issue. On October 7, 2024, the plaintiffs filed a request for reconsideration on one of the issues on which the Federal District Court had ruled against the plaintiffs and, at DOJ’s request, the Federal District Court suspended the schedule for briefing on the appropriate remedy until after the Federal District Court ruled on plaintiffs’ motion for reconsideration. On December 23, 2024, the Federal District Court denied plaintiffs’ request for reconsideration. Remedy briefing was completed in March 2025 and oral argument on remedy has been scheduled for April 14, 2025.

Previous wording

With total cash and term deposits of $105.6, the Company has sufficient working capital available to cover anticipated funding of the Donlin Gold project and corporate general and administrative costs for at least the next three years at current spending levels. Additional capital may be required to complete an updated Donlin Gold feasibility study. Considerable additional capital will be required if a decision to commence engineering and construction is reached by Donlin Gold. Future financing to fund construction is anticipated through debt and equity offerings, project specific debt, and/or other means. Our continued operations are dependent on our ability to obtain additional funding or to generate future cash flows. However, there is no assurance that we will be successful in our efforts to raise additional capital on terms favorable to us, or at all. For further information, see our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended November 30, 2023, sectionItem 1A, Risk Factors–* Our ability to continue the exploration, permitting, development, and construction of the Donlin Gold project, and to continue as a going concern, will depend in part on our ability to obtain suitable financing*.

Current wording

With total cash and term deposits of $92,969, the Company has sufficient working capital available to cover anticipated funding of the Donlin Gold project and corporate general and administrative costs for at least the next two years at current spending levels. Additional capital may be required to complete an updated Donlin Gold feasibility study. Considerable additional capital will be required if a decision to commence engineering and construction is reached by Donlin Gold. Future financing to fund construction is anticipated through debt and equity offerings, project specific debt, and/or other means. Our continued operations, in the longer term, are dependent on our ability to obtain additional financing or to generate future cash flows. However, there is no assurance that we will be successful in our efforts to raise additional capital on terms favorable to us, or at all. For further information, see sectionItem 1A, Risk Factors–* Our ability to continue the exploration, permitting, development, and construction of the Donlin Gold project, and to continue as a going concern, will depend in part on our ability to obtain suitable financing*.

Previous wording

Our anticipated cash expenditures in fiscal year 2024 continue to be approximately $31,200, including $14,250 to fund the Donlin Gold project, and $16,950 for general and administrative costs.

Current wording

Our budgeted cash expenditures in fiscal year 2025 are approximately $37,500, including $21,500 to fund the Donlin Gold project, and $16,000 for corporate general and administrative costs.

Previous wording

As of September 25, 2024, the Company had 334,567,187 common shares issued and outstanding. Also, as of September 25, 2024, the Company had: i) a total of 9,039,437 stock options outstanding; 7,867,835 with a weighted-average exercise price of $6.22 and the remaining 1,171,602 of those stock options with a weighted-average exercise price of C$7.90; and ii) 1,633,500 PSUs and 314,714 deferred share units outstanding. Upon exercise or pay out, as applicable, of the foregoing convertible securities, the Company would be required to issue a maximum of 11,804,401 common shares.

Current wording

As of March 26, 2025, the Company had 334,646,571 common shares issued and outstanding. Also, as of March 26, 2025, the Company had: i) a total of 8,258,700 stock options outstanding; 7,261,300 with a weighted-average exercise price of $6.11 and the remaining 997,400 of those stock options with a weighted-average exercise price of C$7.56; and ii) 1,225,100 PSUs and 307,555 deferred share units outstanding. Upon exercise or pay out, as applicable, of the foregoing convertible securities, the Company would be required to issue a maximum of 10,403,905 common shares.