NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP /DE/

15. SEGMENT INFORMATION

The company is aligned infour operating sectors, which also comprise our reportable segments: Aeronautics Systems, Defense Systems, Mission Systems and Space Systems. We generally organize our segments based on the nature of products and services offered.

The company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is the Chair, Chief Executive Officer and President. The CODM is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the consolidated enterprise and operating sectors. The profitability measure the CODM uses to assess segment performance and allocate resources is segment operating income (and related margin rate, calculated as segment operating income divided by sales) by comparing historical, actual, and forecasted amounts on a regular basis.

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The following table presents sales, operating costs and expenses, and operating income by segment:

FAS/CAS Operating Adjustment

For financial statement purposes, we account for our employee pension plans in accordance with FAS. However, the cost of these plans is charged to our contracts in accordance with applicable FAR and CAS requirements. The FAS/CAS operating adjustment reflects the difference between CAS pension expense included as cost in segment operating income and the service cost component of FAS expense included in total operating income.

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Unallocated Corporate Expense

Unallocated corporate expense includes the portion of corporate costs not considered allowable or allocable under applicable FAR and CAS requirements, and therefore not allocated to the segments, such as changes in deferred state income taxes and a portion of management and administration, legal, environmental, compensation, retiree benefits, advertising and other corporate unallowable costs. Unallocated corporate expense also includes costs not considered part of management’s evaluation of segment operating performance, such as amortization of purchased intangible assets and the additional depreciation expense related to the step-up in fair value of PP&E acquired through business combinations, as well as certain compensation and other costs.

During the second quarter of 2025, the $231 million pre-tax gain on the sale of our training services business and $19 million of unallowable state taxes and transaction costs associated with the divestiture were recorded in Unallocated corporate expense.

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Disaggregation of Revenue

(1)Sales to the U.S. government include sales from contracts for which we are the prime contractor, as well as those for which we are a subcontractor and the ultimate customer is the U.S. government. Each of the company’s segments derives a substantial percentage of its revenue from the U.S. government.

(2) International sales include sales from contracts for which we are the prime contractor, as well as those for which we are a subcontractor and the ultimate customer is an international customer. These sales include foreign military sales contracted through the U.S. government.

(3) Percentages calculated based on external customer sales.

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(1)Percentages calculated based on external customer sales.

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(1)Sales are attributed to countries based on the ultimate customer’s location. No country other than the United States represents greater than 10% of total company sales.

(2)Other geographic regions are principally comprised of the Middle East.

(3)Percentages calculated based on external customer sales.

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Segment Sales

The following table presents sales for each of our reportable segments and total intersegment eliminations:

Intersegment Sales and Operating Income

Sales between segments are recorded at values that include intercompany operating income for the performing segment based on that segment’s estimated average operating margin rate for external sales. Such intercompany operating income is eliminated in consolidation, so that the company’s total sales and total operating income reflect only those transactions with external customers. See Note 1 for additional information.

The following table presents intersegment sales and operating income:

Capital Expenditures and Depreciation and Amortization

The following table presents capital expenditures and depreciation and amortization for each of our reportable segments and for Corporate:

(1)Corporate amounts include the amortization of purchased intangible assets and the additional depreciation expense related to the step-up in fair value of PP&E acquired through business combinations as they are not considered part of management’s evaluation of segment operating performance.

Assets

Our CODM does not use assets by segment to evaluate segment performance or allocate resources. Therefore, we do not disclose assets by segment.

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