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NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP /DE/

For the period ended Sep 30, 2025. Filed Oct 21, 2025.

View on SEC.gov

About this filing

A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.

Sep 30, 2025 · Filed Oct 21, 2025

NOC$525.01-0.0%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026

What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?

Read the current filing

The baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.

Compared 162 previous paragraphs and 167 current paragraphs.

94 unchanged; 52 reworded; 16 added; 13 removed; 3 previous and 5 current paragraphs rearranged.

Tables are not compared: 13 previous and 13 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.

A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.

Added paragraphs (16)

Current report

Appropriations for FY 2026 were not enacted by September 30, 2025, and on October 1, 2025, the U.S. Government entered a shutdown, which is ongoing. Consistent with federal guidelines, we are continuing to perform work on existing contracts funded with appropriations from prior fiscal years. In addition, we may be expected to continue to perform for some period of time on certain of our U.S. Government contracts even if the U.S. Government is unable to make timely payments, for example if funding from prior year appropriations has been exhausted and appropriations legislation or a continuing resolution for FY 2026 has not been enacted. If a prolonged government shutdown occurs, it could result in program disruptions, limit the U.S. Government’s ability to progress programs and make timely payments and impact new program starts. A prolonged shutdown could have significant

Current report

-23- consequences for our company, our employees, our suppliers and our industry and could result in delayed cash collections and/or have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and/or cash flows.

Current report

Third quarter 2025 operating income increased $122 million, or 11 percent, primarily due to a $131 million increase in segment operating income. Operating margin rate increased to 11.9 percent from 11.2 percent principally due to a higher segment operating margin rate.

Current report

On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) was enacted. Key income tax-related provisions of the OBBBA include the repeal of mandatory capitalization of research and development expenditures under IRC Section 174 (reinstating full expensing beginning in 2025), extension of bonus depreciation, and revisions to international tax regimes. The company recognized the income tax effects of the OBBBA in its third quarter 2025 financial statements.

Current report

Unallocated Corporate Expense

Current report

The change in third quarter 2025 unallocated corporate expense is primarily due to higher deferred state tax expense largely related to the repeal of mandatory capitalization of research and development expenditures under IRC Section 174 upon enactment of the OBBBA.

Current report

Third quarter 2025 operating income decreased $4 million, or 1 percent, due to a lower operating margin rate, partially offset by higher sales. Operating margin rate decreased to 9.7 percent from 10.4 percent, primarily due to lower net contract margin adjustments.

Current report

Year to date 2025 sales increased $459 million, or 9 percent, primarily due to a $195 million increase in sales on Sentinel, higher volume on armament programs, including a $135 million increase on military ammunition programs, and increased volume from new awards across the IBCS program portfolio. These increases were partially offset by a $114 million reduction in sales related to the training services divestiture.

Current report

Third quarter 2025 operating income increased $74 million, or 46 percent, primarily due to a higher operating margin rate and higher sales. Operating margin rate increased to 11.4 percent from 8.9 percent principally due to higher net EAC adjustments and changes in mix toward more fixed-price contracts.

Current report

Third quarter 2025 operating income increased $125 million, or 32 percent, due to a higher operating margin rate and higher sales. Operating margin rate increased to 16.7 percent from 13.8 percent, principally due to higher net EAC adjustments, including a $68 million favorable EAC adjustment in the restricted advanced microelectronics portfolio largely driven by program efficiencies and risk mitigations.

Current report

Year to date 2025 sales decreased $1.1 billion, or 12 percent, primarily due to wind-down of work on the restricted space and NGI programs, which reduced sales by $635 million, as well as a $195 million decrease for SDA satellite programs. The decrease was also driven by lower volume on other restricted space programs and the Space Launch System (SLS) Booster, Next Gen Polar (NGP) and Ground-Based Midcourse Defense (GMD) programs, partially offset by higher volume on GEM 63 as that program ramps.

Current report

Third quarter 2025 operating income decreased $47 million, or 14 percent, primarily due to a lower operating margin rate and lower sales. Operating margin rate decreased to 11.0 percent from 12.0 percent principally due to lower net EAC adjustments, including a prior year $39 million favorable EAC adjustment on the Habitation and Logistics Outpost program, partially offset by sales growth on programs with accretive margin rates.

Current report

Year to date 2025 product sales were comparable to the prior year and reflect higher sales on restricted airborne radar, marine systems and international ground-based radar programs at Mission Systems and higher volume on Sentinel, military ammunition programs and the IBCS program portfolio at Defense Systems, partially offset by wind-down of work on the restricted space and NGI programs and lower volume on SDA satellite programs at Space Systems.

Current report

Third quarter 2025 service sales were comparable to the prior year and reflect lower restricted sales at Space Systems, partially offset by higher volume on aircraft sustainment services at Aeronautics Systems.

Current report

Third quarter 2025 service costs decreased $51 million, or 3 percent, reflecting a higher operating margin rate principally driven by higher net EAC adjustments across Defense Systems and Aeronautics Systems service programs.

Current report

Year to date 2025 service costs decreased $162 million, or 3 percent, reflecting a higher operating margin rate principally driven by higher net EAC adjustments across Aeronautics Systems, Mission Systems and Defense Systems service programs.
Removed paragraphs (13)

Previous report

Second quarter 2025 operating income increased $335 million, or 31 percent, primarily due to the training services divestiture, including a $231 million gain on sale and $19 million of unallocated corporate expense for unallowable state taxes and transaction costs. Operating income also increased due to $118 million of higher segment operating income and a $57 million increase in the FAS/CAS operating adjustment, partially offset by a $52 million increase in non-divestiture-related unallocated corporate expense. Operating margin rate increased to 13.8 percent from 10.7 percent reflecting the items above.

Previous report

Unallocated Corporate (Income) Expense

Previous report

Second quarter 2025 sales increased $132 million, or 7 percent, principally due to higher sales on the Sentinel program and military ammunition programs.

Previous report

Second quarter 2025 operating income increased $62 million, or 32 percent, primarily due to a higher operating margin rate and higher sales. Operating margin rate increased to 12.7 percent from 10.3 percent primarily due to higher net EAC adjustments, including a $76 million favorable EAC adjustment on the EMD phase of the Sentinel program largely related to our expectations for achieving certain contract incentives.

Previous report

Second quarter 2025 sales increased $384 million, or 14 percent, primarily due to the timing of a restricted award, which liquidated inventory purchased in advance of the award to support customer schedule, as well as higher volume on marine systems, international ground-based radar, advanced technologies and navigation systems programs.

Previous report

Second quarter 2025 operating income increased $80 million, or 22 percent, due to higher sales and a higher operating margin rate. Operating margin rate increased to 14.0 percent from 13.0 percent, primarily due to higher net EAC adjustments driven by improved production efficiencies and program performance largely on airborne radar programs.

Previous report

Year to date 2025 sales decreased $937 million, or 15 percent, primarily due to wind-down of work on the restricted space and NGI programs, which reduced sales by $511 million, as well as decreases for SDA satellite programs, Commercial Resupply Services (CRS) missions and other restricted space programs.

Previous report

Second quarter 2025 operating income decreased $24 million, or 8 percent, primarily due to lower sales, partially offset by a higher operating margin rate. Operating margin rate increased to 10.6 percent from 10.1 percent principally due to higher net EAC adjustments.

Previous report

Year to date 2025 operating income decreased $71 million, or 11 percent, due to lower sales, partially offset by a higher operating margin rate. Operating margin rate increased to 10.8 percent from 10.3 percent principally due to higher net EAC adjustments.

Previous report

Year to date 2025 product sales decreased $399 million, or 2 percent, primarily due to wind-down of work on the restricted space and NGI programs and lower sales for CRS missions and other restricted programs at Space Systems, as well as lower volume on restricted programs at Aeronautics Systems. These decreases were partially offset by restricted award timing and higher volume on the SABR program at Mission Systems, as well as higher sales on Sentinel and military ammunition programs at Defense Systems.

Previous report

Second quarter 2025 service sales decreased $49 million, or 2 percent, primarily due to lower restricted sales at Aeronautics Systems and the training services divestiture at Defense Systems. Second quarter 2025 sales from the training services business, which were largely included in service sales, were $40 million as compared to $72 million in the prior year period.

Previous report

Second quarter 2025 service costs decreased $42 million, or 2 percent, consistent with the lower service sales described above.

Previous report

Year to date 2025 service costs decreased $111 million, or 3 percent, consistent with the lower service sales described above.
Reworded paragraphs (52)

Previous wording

Northrop Grumman Corporation (herein referred to as “Northrop Grumman,” the “company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) is a leading global aerospace and defense technology company. We deliver a broad range of products, services and solutions to U.S. and international customers, and principally to the U.S Department of Defense (“DoD”) and intelligence community. Our broad portfolio is aligned to support national security priorities and our solutions equip our customers with capabilities they need to connect, protect and advance humanity.

Current wording

Northrop Grumman Corporation (herein referred to as “Northrop Grumman,” the “company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) is a leading global aerospace and defense technology company. We deliver a broad range of products, services and solutions to U.S. and international customers, and principally to the U.S Department of War (“DoW”, formerly referred to as the Department of Defense) and intelligence community. Our broad portfolio is aligned to support national security priorities and our solutions equip our customers with capabilities they need to connect, protect and advance humanity.

Previous wording

The conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East and threats elsewhere, particularly in the Pacific region, have increased global tensions and instability and highlighted security requirements globally, including in Europe, the Middle East and the Pacific region, as well as the U.S. These conflicts have resulted in and may continue to result in increased demand for defense products and services from allies and partner nations, particularly in those regions. For example, we have experienced an increase in demand for certain of our products and services directly and indirectly related to the conflict in Ukraine. We continue to monitor developments in these regions, but have not experienced, and do not anticipate experiencing, significant adverse financial impacts directly from the conflicts in Ukraine or the Middle East.

Current wording

The conflict in Ukraine and threats elsewhere, particularly in the Middle East and the Pacific region, have increased global tensions and instability and highlighted security requirements globally, including in Europe, the Middle East and the Pacific region, as well as the U.S. These conflicts have resulted in and may continue to result in increased demand for defense products and services from allies and partner nations, particularly in those regions. For example, we have experienced an increase in demand for certain of our products and services directly and indirectly related to the conflict in Ukraine. We continue to monitor developments in these regions, but have not experienced, and do not anticipate experiencing, significant adverse financial impacts directly from these conflicts.

Previous wording

In addition, an overall increase in interest rates in recent years has raised the cost of borrowing for governments, and if rates further increase or remain elevated, it could impact government spending priorities (in the U.S. and allied countries, in particular), including the demand for defense products. Economic tensions and changes in international trade policies, including, for example, the widespread tariffs announced this year by the U.S. on its major trading partners, higher tariffs on imported goods and materials and actions taken in response (such as retaliatory tariffs or other trade protectionist measures or the renegotiation of free trade agreements), could also further impact the global market for defense products, services and solutions. The full impact of these governmental actions on macroeconomic conditions and on our business is uncertain, difficult to predict and depends on a number of factors, including the extent and duration of tariffs, any reversal or temporary suspension of announced tariffs, the availability of exemptions, changes in the amount and scope of tariffs, the imposition of new tariffs and other measures that target countries may take in response to U.S. trade policies, and possible resulting general inflationary pressures in the global economy. We are continuing to monitor the impact on our business, suppliers and customers, but do not believe that the tariffs in effect at this time will have a material adverse effect on our business.

Current wording

In addition, an overall increase in interest rates in recent years has raised the cost of borrowing for governments, and if rates increase or remain elevated, it could impact government spending priorities (in the U.S. and allied countries, in particular), including the demand for defense products. Economic tensions and changes in international trade policies, including, for example, the widespread tariffs announced this year by the U.S. on its major trading partners, higher tariffs on imported goods and materials and actions taken in response (such as retaliatory tariffs or other trade protectionist measures or the renegotiation of free trade agreements), could also further impact the global market for defense products, services and solutions. The full impact of these governmental actions on macroeconomic conditions and on our business is uncertain, difficult to predict and depends on a number of factors, including the extent and duration of tariffs, any reversal or temporary suspension of announced tariffs, the availability of exemptions, changes in the amount and scope of tariffs, the imposition of new tariffs and other measures that target countries may take in response to U.S. trade policies, and possible resulting general inflationary pressures in the global economy. We are continuing to monitor the impact on our business, suppliers and customers, but do not believe that the tariffs in effect at this time will have a material adverse effect on our business.

Previous wording

The U.S. continues to face an uncertain and evolving political, budget and regulatory environment. In particular, it is difficult to predict the specific course of future defense budgets. Current and future requirements related to the conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East, threats in the Pacific region and other security priorities, as well as the macroeconomic environment, the national debt, and other domestic priorities, among other things, in the U.S. and globally, will continue to impact our customers’ budgets, spending and priorities, and our industry. The U.S. political environment may also impact defense budgets and priorities, issues related to the national debt, and government spending more broadly. We anticipate that issues related to budgetary priorities, defense spending levels and the debt ceiling will continue to be subjects of considerable debate, with a potentially significant impact on our programs and the company.

Current wording

The U.S. continues to face an uncertain and evolving political, budget and regulatory environment. In particular, it is difficult to predict the specific course of future defense budgets. Current and future requirements related to the conflict in Ukraine, threats in the Middle East and the Pacific region and other security priorities, as well as the macroeconomic environment, the national debt, and other domestic priorities, among other things, in the U.S. and globally, will continue to impact our customers’ budgets, spending and priorities, and our industry. The U.S. political environment may also impact defense budgets and priorities, issues related to the national debt, and government spending more broadly. We anticipate that issues related to budgetary priorities, defense spending levels and the debt ceiling will continue to be subjects of considerable debate, with a potentially significant impact on our programs and the company.

Previous wording

On March 15, 2025, the Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025 was enacted to continue funding the government through the remainder of FY 2025. The full-year continuing resolution generally maintains FY 2024 funding levels, but includes an increase of $6 billion in defense spending and a decrease of $13 billion in non-defense spending compared to FY 2024 funding levels. Government operations under the full-year continuing resolution could have potential impacts on our programs and new starts, in particular. However, the full-year continuing resolution also provides the DoD with significant flexibility to allocate and spend funds, including authority to initiate new programs if certain requirements are met.

Current wording

On March 15, 2025, the Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025 was enacted to continue funding the government through the remainder of FY 2025. The full-year continuing resolution generally maintained FY 2024 funding levels, but included an increase of $6 billion in defense spending and a decrease of $13 billion in non-defense spending compared to FY 2024 funding levels. The full-year continuing resolution provided the DoW with significant flexibility to allocate and spend funds, including authority to initiate new programs if certain requirements were met.

Previous wording

In the second quarter of 2025, the Presidential Administration (the “Administration”) submitted its budget request for FY 2026. The request includes approximately $1 trillion for national security, approximately $962 billion of which is for the DoD, with $113 billion of such DoD funds included in the reconciliation bill described below. The budget request for the DoD reflects an increase of 11.8 percent, or $101.6 billion, above FY 2025 enacted levels. Congress is evaluating the Administration’s budget request as it drafts authorization and appropriations legislation for FY 2026. On July 4, 2025, the FY 2025 reconciliation bill titled the One Big Beautiful Bill Act was enacted. The OBBBA allocates approximately $150 billion in funds for defense spending, including funding for air and missile defense, munitions, shipbuilding and supply chains and other military capabilities, and the appropriated funds will remain available to be obligated until September 30, 2029 and expended through FY 2034. The OBBBA is expected to result in increased investments by the DoD in defense modernization projects and Pacific region deterrence, among other programs. See Note 4 to the financial statements for additional information on key income tax provisions of the OBBBA.

Current wording

In the second quarter of 2025, the Presidential Administration (the “Administration”) submitted its budget request for FY 2026. The request includes approximately $1 trillion for national security, approximately $962 billion of which is for the DoW, with $113 billion of such DoW funds included in the reconciliation bill described below. The budget request for the DoW reflects an increase of 11.8 percent, or $101.6 billion, above FY 2025 enacted levels. Congress is evaluating the Administration’s budget request as it drafts authorization and appropriations legislation for FY 2026. On July 4, 2025, the FY 2025 reconciliation bill titled the One Big Beautiful Bill Act was enacted. The OBBBA allocates approximately $150 billion in funds for defense spending, including funding for air and missile defense, munitions, shipbuilding and supply chains and other military capabilities, and the appropriated funds will remain available to be obligated until September 30, 2029 and expended through FY 2034. The OBBBA is expected to result in increased investments by the DoW in defense modernization projects and Pacific region deterrence, among other programs. See Note 4 to the financial statements for additional information on key income tax provisions of the OBBBA.

Previous wording

-23- acquisitions that relies on existing authorities. According to the executive order, the plan, among other things, should include a first preference for commercial solutions and a general preference for Other Transaction Authority procurements. In addition, the executive order directs the DoD to review all major defense acquisition programs (MDAP). Any program that is more than 15% behind schedule or over cost based on the current Acquisition Program Baseline, unable to meet key performance parameters, or unaligned with the Secretary of Defense’s mission priorities will be considered for potential cancellation. Implementation of this executive order, including changes in DoD priorities or regulations and results of the MDAP review, could lead to contract cancellations, disruptions and/or stop work orders, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and/or cash flows.

Current wording

The Administration has issued numerous executive orders, including orders that direct executive departments and agencies to put in place a regulatory freeze on pending rules, to effectuate the repeal of any regulation that an agency determines is unlawful, to undertake a comprehensive overhaul of the Federal Acquisition Regulation and to reform the DoW defense acquisition process. Some of the Administration’s executive orders are subject to ongoing court challenges. Implementation of certain of these executive orders could adversely affect our business or create a more challenging or costly regulatory, operating and economic environment. For example, on April 9, 2025, the President signed an executive order entitled Modernizing Defense Acquisitions and Spurring Innovation in the Defense Industrial Base. The executive order directs the Secretary of War to submit a plan for expediting DoW acquisitions that relies on existing authorities. According to the executive order, the plan, among other things, should include a first preference for commercial solutions and a general preference for Other Transaction Authority procurements. In addition, the executive order directs the DoW to review all major defense acquisition programs (MDAP). Any program that is more than 15% behind schedule or over cost based on the current Acquisition Program Baseline, unable to meet key performance parameters, or unaligned with the Secretary of War’s mission priorities will be considered for potential cancellation. Implementation of this executive order, including changes in DoW priorities or regulations and results of the MDAP review, could lead to contract cancellations, disruptions and/or stop work orders, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and/or cash flows.

Previous wording

In light of the ongoing conflicts and heightened global instability as well as political tensions and related legal challenges, we expect continued uncertainty in the global security, U.S. political, budget and regulatory environment. Initiatives to reduce governmental spending, federal budget and debt ceiling action, and further changes in U.S. government policy positions, including trade policy, tax policy and DoD policies or priorities, could materially impact defense spending broadly and the company’s programs in particular.

Current wording

In light of the ongoing conflicts and heightened global instability as well as political tensions and related legal challenges, we expect continued uncertainty in the global security, U.S. political, budget and regulatory environment. Initiatives to reduce governmental spending, federal budget and debt ceiling action, and further changes in U.S. government policy positions, including trade policy, tax policy and DoW policies or priorities, could materially impact defense spending broadly and the company’s programs in particular.

Previous wording

During the fourth quarter of 2023, we recognized a projected loss of $1.56 billion across the five LRIP options. During the first quarter of 2025, we recognized an additional $477 million loss across the five LRIP options. During the second quarter of 2025, we again reviewed our estimated profitability on the LRIP phase of the program and made no significant changes to the previously recognized loss. The company’s second quarter 2025 results reflect our current best estimate of cost to complete the LRIP and NTE aircraft, as well as the outcome of ongoing discussions with our suppliers. If our estimated cost to complete the aircraft changes, if we reach an agreement with the customer regarding an accelerated production rate, or if our assumptions regarding contract performance, quantities, supplier negotiations, or funding to mitigate the impact of macroeconomic disruptions are resolved more or less favorably than what we have estimated, our financial position, results of operations and/or cash flows could be materially affected.

Current wording

The company’s third quarter 2025 results reflect our current best estimate of cost to complete the LRIP and NTE aircraft, as well as the outcome of ongoing discussions with our suppliers. If our estimated cost to complete the aircraft changes, if we reach an agreement with the customer regarding an accelerated production rate, or if our assumptions regarding contract performance, quantities, supplier negotiations, or funding to mitigate the impact of macroeconomic disruptions are resolved more or less favorably than what we have estimated, our financial position, results of operations and/or cash flows could be materially affected.

Previous wording

In 2020, the U.S. Air Force awarded Northrop Grumman a $13.3 billion contract for the EMD phase of the Sentinel program. In January 2024, the U.S. Air Force provided congressional notification that the Sentinel program was under a Nunn-McCurdy breach review, which is required when total program cost estimates exceed certain defined thresholds. This notification, which had been driven primarily by increases in cost estimates for the Production and Deployment phases, commenced the process to achieve certification for continuance of the program and update its baseline cost estimates. We are currently executing under a cost-type contract for the EMD phase, and the Production and Deployment phases are yet to be priced and negotiated.

Current wording

-24- thresholds. This notification, which had been driven primarily by increases in cost estimates for the Production and Deployment phases, commenced the process to achieve certification for continuance of the program and update its baseline cost estimates. We are currently executing under a cost-type contract for the EMD phase, and the Production and Deployment phases are yet to be priced and negotiated.

Previous wording

In July 2024, the Sentinel program was certified for continuation by the DoD upon completion of the Nunn-McCurdy breach review. In connection with the certification, the DoD directed that the program be restructured, including plans for infrastructure related to the command and launch segment, which was the main driver of the increased cost estimates for the Production and Deployment phases.

Current wording

In July 2024, the Sentinel program was certified for continuation by the DoW upon completion of the Nunn-McCurdy breach review. In connection with the certification, the DoW directed that the program be restructured, including plans for infrastructure related to the command and launch segment, which was the main driver of the increased cost estimates for the Production and Deployment phases.

Previous wording

During the second quarter of 2025, we partnered with the U.S. Air Force in defining the preliminary execution framework necessary for successful restructure of the program. The program restructure will include a revision to the acquisition strategy, joint establishment of a new program baseline, and other critical preparation activities necessary to re-accomplish Milestone B approval. Based on this preliminary execution framework, we updated our

Current wording

During the second quarter of 2025, we partnered with the U.S. Air Force in defining the preliminary execution framework necessary for successful restructure of the program. The program restructure will include a revision to the acquisition strategy, joint establishment of a new program baseline, and other critical preparation activities necessary to re-accomplish Milestone B approval. Based on this preliminary execution framework, we updated our estimated profitability on the program and recognized a $76 million favorable EAC adjustment during the second quarter of 2025 largely related to our expectations for achieving certain contract incentives.

Previous wording

For purposes of the operating results discussion below, we assess our performance using certain financial measures that are not calculated in accordance with GAAP. Organic sales is defined as total sales excluding sales attributable to the company's training services business. This measure may be useful to investors and other users of our financial statements as a supplemental measure in evaluating the company’s underlying sales growth as well as in understanding our ongoing business and future sales trends by presenting the company’s sales adjusted for the impact of the divestiture.

Current wording

For purposes of the operating results discussion below, we assess our performance using certain financial measures that are not calculated in accordance with GAAP. Organic sales is defined as total sales excluding sales attributable to the company's former training services business. This measure may be useful to investors and other users of our financial statements as a supplemental measure in evaluating the company’s underlying sales growth as well as in understanding our ongoing business and future sales trends by presenting the company’s sales adjusted for the impact of the divestiture.

Previous wording

Second quarter 2025 sales increased $133 million, or 1 percent, primarily driven by higher sales at Mission Systems, Defense Systems and Aeronautics Systems, partially offset by lower sales at Space Systems due, in part, to the wind-down of work on certain Space programs, as discussed in our segment operating results below.

Current wording

Third quarter 2025 sales increased $427 million, or 4 percent, primarily driven by higher sales at Mission Systems, Defense Systems and Aeronautics Systems, partially offset by lower sales at Space Systems due, in part, to the wind-down of work on certain Space programs, as discussed in our segment operating results below.

Previous wording

Year to date 2025 sales decreased $532 million, or 3 percent, primarily driven by lower sales at Space Systems due, in part, to the wind-down of work on certain Space programs, and lower sales at Aeronautics Systems, partially offset by higher sales at Mission Systems and Defense Systems.

Current wording

Year to date 2025 sales were comparable with the prior year period and reflect higher sales at Mission Systems and Defense Systems, partially offset by lower sales at Space Systems due, in part, to the wind-down of work on certain Space programs.

Previous wording

Second quarter 2025 general and administrative (G&A) costs as a percentage of sales decreased to 9.8 percent from 10.8 percent in the prior year period primarily due to cost management and higher sales.

Current wording

Third quarter 2025 general and administrative (G&A) costs as a percentage of sales decreased to 9.5 percent from 9.9 percent in the prior year period primarily due to higher sales.

Previous wording

Year to date 2025 operating income decreased $163 million, or 8 percent, due to a $418 million decrease in segment operating income, primarily driven by a $477 million loss provision recorded on the B-21 program at Aeronautics Systems in the first quarter of 2025 and a $70 million increase in non-divestiture-related unallocated corporate expense. These decreases were partially offset by higher operating income due to the training services divestiture, including a $231 million pre-tax gain on sale and $20 million of unallocated corporate expense for unallowable state taxes and transaction costs, and a $114 million increase in the FAS/CAS operating adjustment. Operating margin rate declined to 10.1 percent from 10.6 percent reflecting the items above.

Current wording

Year to date 2025 operating income decreased $41 million, or 1 percent, due to a $287 million decrease in segment operating income, primarily driven by a $477 million loss provision recorded on the B-21 program at Aeronautics Systems in the first quarter of 2025, and a $128 million increase in non-divestiture-related unallocated corporate expense. These decreases were partially offset by higher operating income due to a $231 million pre-tax gain on sale for the training services divestiture and a $161 million increase in the FAS/CAS operating adjustment. Operating margin rate declined to 10.7 percent from 10.8 percent reflecting the items above.

Previous wording

Year to date 2025 G&A costs as a percentage of sales decreased to 10.2 percent from 10.6 percent in the prior year period primarily due to cost management, partially offset by lower sales.

Current wording

Year to date 2025 G&A costs as a percentage of sales decreased to 9.9 percent from 10.4 percent in the prior year period primarily due to cost management.

Previous wording

Second quarter 2025 income tax expense increased $47 million, or 23 percent, due to higher earnings before income taxes, partially offset by a lower ETR. The second quarter 2025 ETR decreased to 17.7 percent from 18.0 percent in the prior year period primarily due to lower interest expense on unrecognized tax benefits and higher research credits, partially offset by additional income tax expense related to nondeductible goodwill in the divested training services business.

Current wording

Third quarter 2025 income tax expense increased $61 million, or 38 percent, due to a higher ETR and higher earnings before income taxes. The third quarter 2025 ETR increased to 16.9 percent from 13.6 percent primarily due to the prior year ETR reflecting a net reduction in tax reserves largely due to a federal court decision in 2024 as well as a reduction in research credits in the current year due to enactment of the OBBBA, partially offset by lower interest expense on unrecognized tax benefits.

Previous wording

Year to date 2025 income tax expense decreased $43 million, or 11 percent, due to lower earnings before income taxes, partially offset by a higher ETR. The year to date 2025 ETR increased to 17.5 percent from 17.3 percent in the prior year period primarily due to additional income tax expense related to nondeductible goodwill in the divested training services business and lower benefits for FDII and employee share-based compensation. These increases were partially offset by higher research credits and lower interest expense on unrecognized tax benefits.

Current wording

Year to date 2025 income tax expense increased $18 million, or 3 percent, due to a higher ETR, which more than offset lower earnings before income taxes. The year to date 2025 ETR increased to 17.2 percent from 16.0 percent primarily due to the prior year ETR reflecting a net reduction in tax reserves largely due to a federal court decision in 2024 as well as additional income tax expense in the current year related to nondeductible goodwill in the divested training services business, partially offset by lower interest expense on unrecognized tax benefits.

Previous wording

Second quarter 2025 net earnings increased $234 million, or 25 percent, primarily due to the $335 million increase in operating income described above, partially offset by a $47 million increase in income tax expense, a $30 million reduction in the non-operating FAS pension benefit and higher interest expense.

Current wording

Third quarter 2025 net earnings increased $74 million, or 7 percent, primarily due to the $122 million increase in operating income described above as well as a $62 million increase in returns on marketable securities, partially offset by a $61 million increase in income tax expense and a $32 million reduction in the non-operating FAS pension benefit.

Previous wording

Year to date 2025 net earnings decreased $229 million, or 12 percent, primarily due to the $163 million decrease in operating income described above, a $68 million reduction in the non-operating FAS pension benefit and higher interest expense, partially offset by a $43 million decrease in income tax expense.

Current wording

Year to date 2025 net earnings decreased $155 million, or 5 percent, primarily due to a $100 million reduction in the non-operating FAS pension benefit, lower interest income on short-term investments, and the $41 million decrease in operating income described above, partially offset by a $78 million increase in returns on marketable securities.

Previous wording

Second quarter 2025 diluted earnings per share increased 28 percent, reflecting a 25 percent increase in net earnings and a 3 percent reduction in weighted-average diluted shares outstanding.

Current wording

Third quarter 2025 diluted earnings per share increased 10 percent, reflecting a 7 percent increase in net earnings and a 2 percent reduction in weighted-average diluted shares outstanding.

Previous wording

Year to date 2025 diluted earnings per share decreased 10 percent, reflecting a 12 percent decrease in net earnings and a 3 percent reduction in weighted-average diluted shares outstanding.

Current wording

Year to date 2025 diluted earnings per share decreased 3 percent, reflecting a 5 percent decrease in net earnings and a 3 percent reduction in weighted-average diluted shares outstanding.

Previous wording

Second quarter 2025 segment operating income increased $118 million, or 11 percent, due to higher operating income at Mission Systems, Defense Systems and Aeronautics Systems, partially offset by lower operating income at Space Systems. Segment operating margin rate increased to 11.8 percent from 10.8 percent, due to higher operating margin rates at all four sectors.

Current wording

Third quarter 2025 segment operating income increased $131 million, or 11 percent, primarily due to higher operating income at Mission Systems and Defense Systems, partially offset by lower operating income at Space Systems. Segment operating margin rate increased to 12.3 percent from 11.5 percent due to higher operating margin rates at Mission Systems and Defense Systems, partially offset by lower operating margin rates at Space Systems and Aeronautics Systems.

Previous wording

Year to date 2025 segment operating income decreased $418 million, or 19 percent, due to lower operating income at Aeronautics Systems, primarily driven by a $477 million B-21 loss provision in the first quarter of 2025, and lower operating income at Space Systems, partially offset by higher operating income at Defense Systems and Mission Systems. Segment operating margin rate decreased to 9.0 percent from 10.8 percent, primarily due to the B-21 loss provision and a lower operating margin rate at Mission Systems, partially offset by higher operating margin rates at Defense Systems and Space Systems.

Current wording

Year to date 2025 segment operating income decreased $287 million, or 9 percent, due to lower operating income at Aeronautics Systems, primarily driven by a $477 million B-21 loss provision in the first quarter of 2025, and lower operating income at Space Systems, partially offset by higher operating income at Mission Systems and Defense Systems. Segment operating margin rate decreased to 10.1 percent from 11.0 percent primarily due to the B-21 loss provision, partially offset by higher operating margin rates at Defense Systems and Mission Systems.

Previous wording

The second quarter 2025 and year to date 2025 FAS/CAS operating adjustment reflects higher CAS pension expense largely driven by plan asset returns in prior years and changes in certain CAS actuarial assumptions as of December 31, 2024.

Current wording

The third quarter 2025 and year to date 2025 FAS/CAS operating adjustment reflects higher CAS pension expense largely driven by plan asset returns in prior years and changes in certain CAS actuarial assumptions as of December 31, 2024.

Previous wording

The change in year to date 2025 unallocated corporate (income) expense is primarily due to a $231 million gain on the sale of our training services business, partially offset by $20 million of unallowable state taxes and transaction costs associated with the divestiture. Non-divestiture-related unallocated corporate expense increased primarily due to higher deferred state tax expense associated with research and development expenditures and the utilization of state tax credit carryforwards, as well as the prior year including a $26 million increase in our estimated recovery of certain environmental remediation costs.

Current wording

The change in year to date 2025 unallocated corporate expense is primarily due to a $231 million gain on the sale of our training services business, partially offset by an $18 million increase in unallowable state taxes and transaction costs associated with the divestiture. Non-divestiture-related unallocated corporate expense increased primarily due to higher deferred state tax expense largely related to the repeal of mandatory capitalization of research and development expenditures under IRC Section 174, as well as the prior year including a $26 million increase in our estimated recovery of certain environmental remediation costs.

Previous wording

Second quarter 2025 sales increased $54 million, or 2 percent, primarily due to higher volume on B-21 and ramp-up on the E-130J TACAMO (“TACAMO”) program, partially offset by lower volume on restricted programs and a decrease on F/A-18 as production nears completion.

Current wording

Third quarter 2025 sales increased $181 million, or 6 percent, primarily due to a $110 million increase on the E-130J TACAMO (“TACAMO”) program as it ramps up and a $105 million increase on the F-35 program largely driven by materials volume, partially offset by a decrease on F/A-18 as production nears completion.

Previous wording

Year to date 2025 sales decreased $176 million, or 3 percent, primarily due to lower volume on restricted programs, commercial aerostructures programs and F/A-18 as production nears completion, partially offset by a $116 million increase on TACAMO as that program ramps.

Current wording

Year to date 2025 sales were comparable to the prior year period and reflect a $226 million increase on TACAMO as that program ramps and a $111 million increase on the F-35 program largely driven by materials volume, partially offset by lower sales on restricted programs, commercial aerostructures programs and on F/A-18 as production nears completion.

Previous wording

Year to date 2025 operating income decreased $480 million and operating margin rate decreased to 2.3 percent primarily due to the previously described $477 million loss provision recorded on the LRIP phase of the B-21 program in the first quarter of 2025, inclusive of a $226 million unfavorable EAC adjustment on the first and second LRIP lots.

Current wording

Year to date 2025 operating income decreased $484 million and operating margin rate decreased to 4.9 percent primarily due to the previously described $477 million loss provision recorded on the LRIP phase of the B-21 program in the first quarter of 2025.

Previous wording

Year to date 2025 sales increased $200 million, or 6 percent, principally due to a $145 million increase in sales on the Sentinel program and higher volume on military ammunition programs and the Poland Integrated Battle Command System (IBCS) program.

Current wording

Third quarter 2025 sales increased $259 million, or 14 percent, primarily due to higher volume on armament programs, including military ammunition programs, increased volume from new awards across the Integrated Battle Command System (IBCS) program portfolio and higher sales on Sentinel. These increases were partially offset by a $70 million reduction in sales related to the training services divestiture.

Previous wording

Year to date 2025 operating income increased $85 million, or 24 percent, primarily due to a higher operating margin rate and higher sales. Operating margin rate increased to 11.4 percent from 9.6 percent primarily due to higher net EAC adjustments, including the $76 million favorable EAC adjustment on the Sentinel program described above.

Current wording

Year to date 2025 operating income increased $159 million, or 31 percent, primarily due to a higher operating margin rate and higher sales. Operating margin rate increased to 11.4 percent from 9.4 percent principally due to higher net EAC adjustments, including a $76 million favorable EAC adjustment on the Sentinel program during the second quarter of 2025.

Previous wording

Year to date 2025 sales increased $532 million, or 10 percent, primarily due to the restricted award timing described above, higher volume on the Scalable Agile Beam Radar (SABR) program and marine systems programs, and ramp-up on international ground-based radar programs. These increases were partially offset by lower volume on restricted advanced microelectronics programs.

Current wording

Year to date 2025 sales increased $802 million, or 10 percent, primarily due to the timing of materials on restricted airborne radar programs, higher volume on marine systems programs, ramp-up on international ground-based radar programs and sales growth on the Scalable Agile Beam Radar (SABR) program.

Previous wording

Year to date 2025 operating income increased $63 million, or 9 percent, primarily due to higher sales. Operating margin rate decreased to 13.4 percent from 13.6 percent, primarily due to investments made by the sector in connection with restricted business opportunities and lower volume on restricted advanced microelectronics programs, which more than offset higher net EAC adjustments.

Current wording

Year to date 2025 operating income increased $188 million, or 17 percent, primarily due to higher sales and a higher operating margin rate. Operating margin rate increased to 14.5 percent from 13.7 percent, primarily due to higher net EAC adjustments, including the $68 million favorable EAC adjustment in the restricted advanced microelectronics portfolio described above, partially offset by investments made by the sector in connection with restricted business opportunities during the first quarter of 2025 and changes in mix toward more cost-type contracts.

Previous wording

Second quarter 2025 sales decreased $356 million, or 12 percent, primarily due to wind-down of work on the restricted space and Next Generation Interceptor (NGI) programs, which reduced sales by $283 million, as well as lower volume on Space Development Agency (SDA) satellite programs due to the timing of materials.

Current wording

Third quarter 2025 sales decreased $172 million, or 6 percent, primarily due to wind-down of work on the restricted space and Next Generation Interceptor (NGI) programs, which reduced sales by $124 million, as well as lower volume on Space Development Agency (SDA) satellite programs. These decreases were partially offset by a $100 million increase for Commercial Resupply Services (CRS) missions.

Previous wording

Second quarter 2025 operating income increased $9 million, or 3 percent, primarily due to higher sales. Operating margin rate of 10.3 percent was comparable with the prior year period.

Current wording

Year to date 2025 operating income decreased $118 million, or 12 percent, due to lower sales. Operating margin rate of 10.9 percent was comparable with the prior year period.

Previous wording

Second quarter 2025 product sales increased $182 million, or 2 percent, primarily due to restricted award timing and higher volume on marine systems and international ground based radar programs at Mission Systems, higher sales on Sentinel and military ammunition programs at Defense Systems, and higher volume on the B-21 and TACAMO programs at Aeronautics Systems. These increases were partially offset by the wind-down of work on the restricted space and NGI programs at Space Systems.

Current wording

Third quarter 2025 product sales increased $430 million, or 5 percent, primarily due to higher volume on military ammunition programs, the IBCS program portfolio and Sentinel at Defense Systems, higher sales on restricted advanced microelectronics, marine systems and international ground-based radar programs at Mission Systems, and higher volume on TACAMO and F-35 at Aeronautics Systems. These increases were partially offset by wind-down of work on the restricted space and NGI programs and lower volume on SDA satellite programs at Space Systems.

Previous wording

Second quarter 2025 product costs increased $57 million, or 1 percent, consistent with the higher product sales described above and reflects a higher operating margin rate on product sales at all four sectors.

Current wording

Third quarter 2025 product costs increased $347 million, or 5 percent, consistent with the higher product sales described above.

Previous wording

Year to date 2025 product costs were comparable to the prior year, reflecting a lower operating margin rate principally due to the $477 million loss provision recorded on the B-21 program at Aeronautics Systems in the first quarter of 2025, partially offset by higher net EAC adjustments at Defense Systems largely driven by the Sentinel program.

Current wording

Year to date 2025 product costs increased $344 million, or 2 percent, reflecting a lower operating margin rate principally due to the $477 million loss provision recorded on the B-21 program at Aeronautics Systems in the first quarter of 2025, partially offset by higher net EAC adjustments at Defense Systems largely driven by Sentinel.

Showing the first 40 of 52 pairs. Open the source sections for the rest.

Rearranged current paragraphs (5)

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

During the fourth quarter of 2023, we recognized a projected loss of $1.56 billion across the five LRIP options. During the first quarter of 2025, we recognized an additional $477 million loss across the five LRIP options. During the third quarter of 2025, we again reviewed our estimated profitability on the LRIP phase of the program and made no significant changes to the previously recognized loss. However, we experienced higher-than-expected costs to produce the EMD flight test aircraft, which increased our estimate to manufacture the LRIP units; this cost increase was largely offset by a reduction in our expected loss on the remaining LRIP lots due to a contract restructure that occurred during the third quarter of 2025.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

In 2020, the U.S. Air Force awarded Northrop Grumman a $13.3 billion contract for the EMD phase of the Sentinel program. In January 2024, the U.S. Air Force provided congressional notification that the Sentinel program was under a Nunn-McCurdy breach review, which is required when total program cost estimates exceed certain defined

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

During the third quarter of 2025, we reviewed our estimated profitability on the Sentinel program and made no significant changes. If our estimated cost to complete the restructured EMD effort or our expectations for achieving contract incentives are more or less favorable than what we have estimated, our financial position, results of operations and/or cash flows could be materially affected.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Third quarter 2025 sales increased $270 million, or 10 percent, primarily due to higher sales on restricted advanced microelectronics programs, higher volume on marine systems programs and ramp-up on international ground-based radar programs.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

-35- our compliance with such requirements, more aggressive enforcement of such requirements and changes in our customers’ business practices globally
Rearranged previous paragraphs (3)

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

The Administration has issued numerous executive orders, including orders that direct executive departments and agencies to put in place a regulatory freeze on pending rules, to effectuate the repeal of any regulation that an agency determines is unlawful, to undertake a comprehensive overhaul of the Federal Acquisition Regulation and to reform the DoD defense acquisition process. Some of the Administration’s executive orders are subject to ongoing court challenges. Implementation of certain of these executive orders could adversely affect our business or create a more challenging or costly regulatory, operating and economic environment. For example, on April 9, 2025, the President signed an executive order entitled Modernizing Defense Acquisitions and Spurring Innovation in the Defense Industrial Base. The executive order directs the Secretary of Defense to submit a plan for expediting DoD

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

-24- estimated profitability on the program and recognized a $76 million favorable EAC adjustment largely related to our expectations for achieving certain contract incentives.

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

The change in second quarter 2025 unallocated corporate (income) expense is primarily due to a $231 million gain on the sale of our training services business, partially offset by $19 million of unallowable state taxes and transaction costs associated with the divestiture. Non-divestiture-related unallocated corporate expense increased primarily due to higher deferred state tax expense associated with research and development expenditures and the utilization of state tax credit carryforwards, as well as the prior year including a $26 million increase in our estimated recovery of certain environmental remediation costs.