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VISTEON CORP

For the period ended Dec 31, 2025. Filed Feb 19, 2026.

View on SEC.gov

About this filing

A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.

FY2025 · Filed Feb 19, 2026

VC$75.68-2.3%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026

What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?

Read the current filing

Previous report: 10-K

Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-02-18.

0001111335-25-000006

Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Current report: 10-K

Period ended 2025-12-31; filed 2026-02-19.

0001111335-26-000006

Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.

Compared 135 previous paragraphs and 159 current paragraphs.

71 unchanged; 43 reworded; 38 added; 21 removed; 0 previous and 7 current paragraphs rearranged.

Tables are not compared: 8 previous and 10 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.

A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.

Added paragraphs (38)

Current report

Global light-vehicle production rose approximately 4% in 2025, based on January 2026 S&P Global data, while production volumes for the Company’s key customers decreased around 1%. In North America, retail demand remained resilient with U.S. seasonally adjusted retail sales above 16 million units in 2025, although electric-vehicle (“EV”) purchases softened in the fourth quarter following accelerated buying activity ahead of expiring tax credits. Industry production declined slightly, and production at the Company’s major customers declined at a slightly higher rate. In Europe, industry production decreased slightly compared to the prior year, while production at the Company’s top customers declined at a higher rate. Jaguar Land Rover (“JLR”) production was down significantly as operations were temporarily suspended during September and the company slowly ramped up production in the fourth quarter. In China, production increased by 10%, supported by continued share gains of domestic OEMs, and production at the Company’s key customers increased year over year but continued to lag the broader market due to ongoing shifts in OEM mix.

Current report

For the full year 2026, S&P Global expects global light-vehicle production to decrease slightly compared to 2025, and production volumes for the Company’s key customers are anticipated to decline by a low-single-digit percentage. Market conditions remain mixed across regions, with retail demand in the U.S. remaining stable, though sales of EVs are expected to decline due to the recent expiration of certain tax credits. Retail demand in Europe is forecasted to increase slightly, while retail demand in China is forecasted to decline marginally due to recent changes in government incentives. In 2026, memory chip market conditions may create cost pressures and have the potential to affect industry production volumes, as memory supplier capacity is increasingly allocated to support growth in data center infrastructure. The impact of tariffs on the automotive industry remains uncertain, with the potential to increase production costs and weigh on future vehicle volumes; however, the effects have been minimal to date.

Current report

The industry continues to face ongoing risks related to tariffs, vehicle affordability, economic uncertainty, geopolitical developments, production disruptions, and changes in customer market share. The potential impact on future periods’ financial statements, results of operations, and cash flows will depend on the evolution of tariff policies, plant production schedules, supply-chain conditions, and the pace of EV adoption.

Current report

In 2025, Visteon continued to progress on its long-term growth strategy, making meaningful progress across product development, customer expansion, operational execution, and capital allocation, despite a challenging and uneven automotive environment.

Current report

Sales were $3,768 million, down 3% year over year, reflecting lower customer commodity price recoveries, continued market weakness in China and lower demand for its battery management system. Despite these headwinds, Visteon continued to outperform underlying customer production trends, supported by new product launches, strong performance in displays, and disciplined commercial execution. Net income attributable to Visteon was $201 million, reflecting a decline from the prior year due largely to a higher income tax provision driven primarily by changes in the Company's valuation allowance assessments, offset in part by lower restructuring costs and higher earnings from non‑consolidated affiliates. Adjusted EBITDA 1 was $492 million reflecting continued operational discipline and effective cost management despite lower reported sales.

Current report

Strategic execution in 2025 was highlighted by strong new business momentum including next-generation cockpit technologies. During the year, Visteon secured $7.4 billion of new business awards across its product portfolio, reflecting broad-based customer demand for digital cockpits and advanced displays. Notably, the Company secured two SmartCore™ high-performance computing (“HPC”) program awards, reinforcing customer confidence in the scalability of its cockpit domain controller architecture and its ability to support increased software content and advanced in-cabin functionality. The 2025 business wins of $7.4 billion included $3.6 billion of new display wins across 17 OEM customers. The Company also launched 18 new display products and expanded beyond its core markets, securing $1.1 billion of new business in two-wheeler and commercial vehicle applications.

Current report

Operationally, in 2025 Visteon delivered its fifth consecutive year of positive net income attributable to Visteon, by generating $201 million. While net income attributable to Visteon declined year‑over‑year driven primarily by changes in the Company's valuation allowance assessments, underlying profitability remained solid, supported by strong operational performance. Solid gross margin performance, disciplined cost actions, and continued commercial execution enabled the Company to maintain strong net income despite lower sales and industry volatility. The Company delivered its fifth consecutive year of Adjusted EBITDA 1 margin expansion, reflecting strong cost performance and disciplined commercial management.

Current report

In parallel with these commercial and operational achievements, Visteon generated strong cash flow from operations during the year, reflecting the strength of its earnings profile, disciplined working capital management, and capital efficiency. The Company also maintained a balanced approach to capital allocation, returning approximately $70 million to shareholders through share repurchases and dividends while also completing a second engineering services acquisition to further strengthen its capabilities.

Current report

Taken together, these achievements demonstrate Visteon’s ability to execute across its strategic priorities, deliver measurable financial and operational results, and position the Company for sustained long-term growth.

Current report

The Company recorded $8 million and $32 million of net restructuring expense for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. These expenses are primarily related to employee severance. The decrease is primarily related to the non-recurrence of the third quarter 2024 restructuring program.

Current report

Equity in net income of non-consolidated affiliates was income of $8 million and a loss of $3 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increased income is due to increased net operating profits at affiliates.

Current report

Pension financing benefits, net decreased due to lower expected return on assets related to employee benefit plans.

Current report

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company entered into an annuity contract to transfer a portion of its U.S. defined benefit pension obligations to a third‑party insurer, resulting in a settlement loss of $7 million.

Current report

During the year ended December 31, 2024 the Company incurred settlement and curtailment losses of $4 million related to an early buyout of individuals in the U.S. defined benefit plan.

Current report

The Company recorded an income tax provision of $125 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to a $8 million income tax benefit in 2024. The year‑over‑year change of $133 million was driven primarily by changes in the Company’s valuation allowance assessments.

Current report

During the fourth quarter of 2025, the Company updated its forward‑looking profitability projections and reassessed the expected utilization of its deferred tax carryforward attributes using the tax law ordering approach, consistent with the change in accounting principle described in Note 1, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" within Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data." This reassessment reflected the estimated impacts of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (the “Act”) and refinements to state-level valuation allowance estimates. As a result, the Company recognized a combined $55 million of discrete income tax expense during 2025. Also in the fourth quarter of 2025, the Company concluded that certain deferred tax assets in Germany and Brazil were more likely than not to be realized, resulting in a $20 million non‑cash tax benefit.

Current report

In 2024, the Company determined that additional deferred tax assets in the U.S. and Germany were more likely than not to be realized, resulting in non‑cash tax benefits of $71 million and $7 million, respectively. The net year‑over‑year change in valuation allowance adjustments contributed $113 million to the increase in income tax expense. The remaining $20 million increase is primarily attributable to the overall increase in pretax income, including changes in the mix of earnings and differing tax rates between jurisdictions, withholding taxes, and uncertain tax positions.

Current report

For additional information regarding the Company’s valuation allowances, see Note 14, "Income Taxes" within Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

Current report

Adjusted EBITDA 1 was $492 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, an increase of $18 million compared to 2024. Strong cost performance, disciplined commercial actions, and favorable one‑time items, partially offset by higher warranty expense and the negative effects of volume and net new business, resulted in a net benefit of approximately $195 million. This improvement was offset by a $141 million reduction from customer pricing and lower recoveries as supply‑chain conditions normalized. Adjusted EBITDA 1 was further impacted by $35 million of higher net engineering costs and $1 million unfavorable foreign currency effect, primarily from movements in the euro and Thai baht, partially offset by the Indian rupee.

Current report

During the fourth quarter of 2025, the Company elected to change its accounting method for assessing the realizability of U.S. deferred tax assets from the incremental cash tax savings method to the tax‑law‑ordering method. This change is further described in Note 1, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies", to the consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10‑K.

Current report

For a complete analysis of our financial condition and results of operations for fiscal year 2024, including the comparison to fiscal year 2023, refer to Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 18, 2025. The discussion presented below addresses only those sections with relevant updates resulting from the change in accounting principle.

Current report

As of December 31, 2025, the Company had total cash and equivalents of $773 million, including $2 million of restricted cash and $104 million of cash attributable to the Company's joint venture partners should the Company elect to issue cash dividends.

Current report

During 2025, the Company returned capital to shareholders through both dividends and share repurchases, paying $15 million in quarterly cash dividends and repurchasing 555,997 shares at an average price of $101.70, totaling $57 million. Decisions regarding future dividends remain at the sole discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on a range of factors, including general economic conditions, the Company’s financial performance, available liquidity, capital requirements, regulatory considerations, and other relevant matters. These actions reflect the Company’s ongoing commitment to shareholder returns and form an integral part of its broader capital allocation strategy.

Current report

The Company generated $410 million of cash from operating activities during 2025, compared with $427 million in 2024. Cash from operations benefited from strong operating performance including solid profitability and working capital management. The year‑over‑year change was driven primarily by higher cash tax payments of $25 million and increased incentive compensation of $13 million.

Current report

Assessing Realizability of U.S. Deferred Tax Assets Accounting Method Change

Current report

During the fourth quarter of 2025, the Company changed its accounting method for assessing the realizability of its deferred tax assets and resulting valuation allowance from the incremental cash tax savings method to the tax-law-ordering methodology. The Company has determined that the tax-law-ordering methodology is preferable because it provides greater transparency regarding utilization of existing attributes and prioritizes existing attributes over future attributes. Refer to Note 1, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Current report

Management’s estimates of future taxable income incorporate historical operating results, adjusted for non‑recurring items, together with forecasts of federal, state, and foreign pretax operating income. These projections require significant judgment and are consistent with the assumptions used to manage the Company’s operations. When the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that a deferred tax asset will not be realized, the Company records a valuation allowance.

Current report

Effective December 31, 2025, the Company changed its method for assessing the realizability of U.S. deferred tax assets from an incremental cash‑tax‑savings approach to the tax‑law‑ordering approach. Management determined that the tax‑law‑ordering approach is preferable because it provides greater transparency regarding the expected utilization of existing tax attributes, prioritizes existing attributes over future attributes, aligns with prevailing practice, and is consistent with approaches publicly disclosed by peer companies. Under this approach, the Company evaluates whether existing U.S. tax carryforward deferred tax assets are expected to reduce future tax liabilities when utilized, rather than assessing realizability solely based on incremental cash‑tax savings. This change in accounting principle has been applied retrospectively. See Note 1, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" within Part II, Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" for additional information.

Current report

Prior to December 31, 2023, the Company maintained a full valuation allowance against its U.S. deferred tax assets due primarily to historical cumulative losses. As of December 31, 2023, after evaluating both positive and negative evidence, including projected future taxable income supported by objective and verifiable earnings history, the Company concluded that it was more likely than not that a substantial portion of its U.S. deferred tax assets would be realized, and accordingly released a portion of the valuation allowance.

Current report

As of December 31, 2025, deferred tax assets not expected to be realized primarily relate to (i) foreign tax credit carryforwards, as the Company has generated and expects to continue generating excess credits that are not expected to be utilized prior to expiration; (ii) certain U.S. research credit carryforwards expected to expire unused; and (iii) certain state net operating loss carryforwards expected to expire prior to utilization. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets depends on the generation of sufficient taxable income during the periods in which deductible temporary differences reverse. In making this assessment, management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies.

Current report

Based on historical taxable income and projected future taxable income over the periods in which deferred tax assets are expected to be realized, management believes it is more likely than not that the Company will realize the benefits of its deferred tax assets, net of existing valuation allowances.

Current report

•Visteon’s ability to grow its business with Chinese domestics OEMs and to compete with Chinese domestic suppliers as they expand their market-share outside of China.
Removed paragraphs (21)

Previous report

Industry vehicle volumes were approximately 89 million units in 2024, a modest decline compared to 2023 as the worldwide semiconductor and other supply related shortages began to ease, offset by mixed industry dynamics that reduced light vehicle production in Europe and North America. North America production levels were slightly lower as vehicle affordability affected consumer demand, partially offset by OEMs rebuilding inventories. Production levels in Europe were lower, with a weak macroeconomic environment and the expiration of government incentives on electric vehicles weighing on production. In China, domestic OEMs continued to gain market share amid intense price competition in a weak domestic market. Looking forward, vehicle production is expected to decline slightly in 2025, with Visteon’s customer production expected to decline mid-single digits, and ongoing risks related to vehicle affordability, economic uncertainty, potential geopolitical challenges, and customer market share changes. The magnitude of the impact on the financial statements, results of operations, and cash flows will be dependent on plant production schedules, supply chain impacts, global economic impacts, and electric vehicle adoption.

Previous report

Visteon continued to focus on execution throughout 2024, building a foundation of sustainable growth, margin expansion, and cash flow generation. Visteon reported sales of $3,866 million, a year-over-year decrease of 2%, representing continued out-performance compared to customer production despite significant headwinds in the China market and lower supply chain recoveries from customers. Net Income attributable to Visteon of $274 million declined compared to the prior year primarily due to a larger deferred tax valuation allowance release in 2023 as compared to 2024. Adjusted EBITDA* was $474 million, a 9% increase compared to prior year due to strong commercial and cost discipline. Visteon continued to build the foundation for sustainable growth launching 95 new products during 2024. Visteon's next-generation products continue to be featured on its customer's key vehicles and platforms. Additionally, Visteon was awarded $6.1 billion in new business wins with strong representation in all product categories. Wins included clusters wins of approximately $1.1 billion, driven primarily by digital clusters, multiple SmartCore™ and infotainment wins with lifetime revenue in excess of $1.5 billion, multiple large multi-display wins bringing total displays wins to $2.6 billion for the year, and $0.7 billion of electrification wins highlighted by a power electronics win for an on-board charger and DC-DC converter.

Previous report

In 2024, the Company determined that additional U.S. deferred income tax assets were more likely than not to be realized resulting in a $49 million non-cash tax benefit to Net income attributable to Visteon Corporation or $1.76 per diluted share. 2023 includes a non-cash tax benefit to Net income attributable to Visteon Corporation of $313 million, or $11.10 per diluted share in the fourth quarter, and $10.98 per diluted share for the full year, related to a reduction in the valuation allowance against the U.S. deferred tax assets.

Previous report

The Company recorded $32 million and $5 million of net restructuring expense for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase is due to a 2024 global restructuring plan announced in September 2024 aimed at improving efficiency and further rationalize the Company’s footprint.

Previous report

Equity in net loss of non-consolidated affiliates was $3 million and $10 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The loss in each year is due to operating losses at an affiliate.

Previous report

In 2024, the Company determined that additional U.S. deferred income tax assets were more likely than not to be realized resulting in a $49 million non-cash tax benefit to Net income attributable to Visteon Corporation or $1.76 per diluted share. 2023 includes a non-cash tax benefit to Net income attributable to Visteon Corporation of $313 million, or $11.10 per diluted share in the fourth quarter, and $10.98 per diluted share for the full year, related to a reduction in the valuation allowance against the U.S. deferred tax assets.

Previous report

The Company generated $427 million of cash from operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $267 million during 2023 representing a $160 million increase.

Previous report

The increase in cash from operations in 2024 when compared to the prior period is primarily attributable to higher Adjusted EBITDA of $40 million and improved working capital inflow of $95 million, primarily related to accounts receivable and accounts payable.

Previous report

In developing the Company's estimates of future taxable income, the Company considers both the historical operating results adjusted for certain nonrecurring transactions, as well as the Company's actual forecasted state, federal, and foreign pretax operating income. These estimates, and the relative weights placed thereon, require the use of significant judgment and are consistent with the plans and estimates the Company is using to manage the underlying businesses.

Previous report

If, based upon the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not the deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is recorded.

Previous report

Prior to the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded a full valuation allowance against the U.S. deferred tax assets primarily due to historical cumulative losses.

Previous report

For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company evaluated both positive and negative evidence when considering if it was more likely than not that US deferred tax assets would be realized. The Company concluded that the positive evidence, which included the Company (1) being in a substantive three-year U.S. cumulative income position, (2) reporting U.S. income for 10 of the past 12 quarters, and (3) forecasting U.S. book and taxable income for the year ending December 31, 2024, outweighed the negative evidence (the Company’s history of losses).

Previous report

More specifically, the Company’s forecast of future taxable income using its objective and verifiable earnings history, indicated that it was more likely than not that the Company would be able to realize a benefit for a substantial portion of its U.S. deferred tax assets, resulting in a partial release of its valuation allowance related to its U.S. deferred tax assets. The deferred tax assets not expected to be realized based on the Company’s projections relate primarily to the Company’s existing foreign tax credit carryforwards, as the Company has been and is expected to continue to generate excess credits in the near term, resulting in an inability to use all of its existing credits prior to their expiration dates; certain U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards that were not expected to provide an incremental cash savings (i.e., they would only displace credits and deductions the Company would have otherwise had available to it); and State operating loss carryforwards with a limited carryforward. The Company recorded a $313 million income tax benefit related to the partial release of its U.S. valuation allowance as of December 31, 2023.

Previous report

In evaluating the realizability of its U.S. deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2024, the Company considered all positive and negative evidence to determine whether the deferred tax assets are more likely than not to be realized. This assessment resulted in a $49 million income tax benefit, further reducing the U.S. valuation allowance. The change in evidence for assessing the realization of U.S. deferred taxes was primarily due to the Company's actual U.S. taxable income in 2024 exceeding the previous year’s projections, along with projections indicating continued U.S. taxable income in 2025.

Previous report

The Company’s results of operations are heavily dependent upon customer orders. The potential impact of government actions, such as enforcement of tariffs, has not yet been included in the company’s projections but could have a significant impact on the realization of its deferred tax assets. Given the inherent uncertainty in estimating future events, including projected taxable income, any improvement or deterioration in the Company’s future operating performance could lead to significant changes in the Company's valuation allowance assessments. Factors influencing the remaining valuation allowance include variations in forecasted sales volumes, which depend on customer orders, potential changes in U.S. tax law (such as the capitalization of research and development costs), and the amount of future foreign tax credits generated (since these credits are utilized before the foreign tax credit carryforwards). Additionally, the complexity of determining U.S. taxable income and related foreign tax credit utilization, considering the Company's global structure, the nature of its deferred tax assets, and the timing of carryforward expiration of some tax attributes, makes it challenging to fully assess the impact on the remaining valuation allowance if meaningful changes occur.
Reworded paragraphs (43)

Previous wording

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) is intended to help the reader understand the results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows of the Company. MD&A is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”. For discussion related to changes in financial condition and the results of operations for fiscal year 2023-related items, refer to Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal year 2023, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 20, 2024.

Current wording

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) is intended to help the reader understand the results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows of the Company. MD&A is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”.

Previous wording

Visteon is a global automotive technology company serving the mobility industry, dedicated to creating more enjoyable, connected, and safe driving experiences. The Company's platforms leverage proven, scalable hardware and software solutions that enable the digital, electric, and autonomous evolution of its global automotive customers. The automotive mobility market is expected to grow faster than underlying vehicle production volumes as the vehicle shifts from analog to digital and towards device and cloud connected, electric vehicles, and vehicles with more advanced safety features.

Current wording

Visteon is a global automotive technology company serving the mobility industry, dedicated to creating more enjoyable, connected, and safe driving experiences. The Company's platforms leverage proven, scalable hardware and software solutions that enable the digital, electric, and autonomous evolution of its global automotive customers. The automotive mobility market is expected to grow faster than underlying vehicle production volumes as the vehicle shifts from analog to digital, incorporates increased connectivity through onboard computing, software and cloud-enabled features, and includes more advanced safety features.

Previous wording

•Technology Innovation- The Company is an established global leader in cockpit electronics and is positioned to provide solutions as the industry transitions to the next generation automotive cockpit experience. The cockpit is becoming fully digital, connected, automated, learning and voice enabled. Visteon's broad portfolio of digital cockpit and electrification electronics positions Visteon to support these macro trends in the automotive industry.

Current wording

•Technology Innovation- The Company is an established global leader in cockpit electronics and is positioned to provide solutions as the industry transitions to the next generation automotive cockpit experience. The cockpit is becoming fully digital, connected, automated, and voice enabled. The Company's broad portfolio of digital cockpit and electrification electronics positions Visteon to support these macro trends in the automotive industry.

Previous wording

•Balanced Capital Allocation with a Strong Balance Sheet - The Company continues to maintain a strong balance sheet to withstand near-term industry volatility and support a balanced capital allocation framework. The Company is primarily focused on allocating capital to high-returning organic initiatives that increase internal capabilities, pursuing attractive inorganic opportunities, and returning capital to shareholders. In March 2023, the Company announced a $300 million share repurchase program maturing at the end of 2026. The Company has repurchased $169 million of Company common stock under this program. During the year ended December 31, 2024, Visteon spent a net cash outlay of $55 million on inorganic growth, to acquire an advanced design and R&D services firm and a software firm.

Current wording

•Balanced Capital Allocation with a Strong Balance Sheet - The Company continues to maintain a strong balance sheet to withstand near-term industry volatility and support a balanced capital allocation framework. The Company is primarily focused on allocating capital to high-returning organic initiatives that increase internal capabilities, attractive inorganic growth opportunities, and returning capital to shareholders. In March 2023, the Company announced a $300 million share repurchase program maturing at the end of 2026. The Company has repurchased $226 million of Company common stock under this program. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company paid a total of $15 million of quarterly cash dividends. During the year ended December 31, 2025, Visteon paid a net cash outlay of $50 million on inorganic growth to acquire a user experience electronics engineering consulting and consumer research company.

Previous wording

Adjusted EBITDA is a Non-GAAP financial measure, as defined below.

Current wording

1 Adjusted EBITDA is a Non-GAAP financial measure, as defined below.

Previous wording

Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2024 totaled $3,866 million, which represents an decrease of $88 million compared with 2023. Volumes and net new business increased net sales by $125 million due to continued market outperformance as a result of recent product launches and sales volumes in the America's, partially offset by lower sales in China due to market dynamics. Customer pricing decreased net sales by $142 million as a result of lower customer recoveries due to improving supply chain dynamics and annual price reductions. Unfavorable currency decreased net sales by $30 million, primarily attributable to the Chinese renminbi, Japanese yen, and Brazilian real, partially offset by the euro. Other cost performance, design changes and other decreased net sales by $41 million. primarily due to the non-recurrence of certain prior period one time commercial items.

Current wording

Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2025 totaled $3,768 million, which represents a decrease of $98 million compared with 2024. Volumes and net new business decreased net sales by $106 million. Customer pricing decreased net sales by $141 million as a result of annual price reductions and lower customer recoveries due to improving supply chain dynamics. Currency increased sales by $1 million due to increases in the euro and Thai baht which were partially offset by decreases in the Indian rupee and Brazilian real. Other cost performance, design changes and other increased net sales by $148 million primarily due to one-time items and sales from the recently acquired engineering services companies.

Previous wording

Cost of sales decreased $132 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, when compared with 2023. Volume, mix and net new business increased cost of sales by $104 million. Net engineering costs, excluding currency, decreased cost of sales by $16 million as a result of favorable timing of engineering recoveries. Foreign currency decreased cost of sales by $17 million, primarily attributable to the Mexican peso and Japanese yen, partially offset by the Brazilian real. Cost performance, design changes and other decreased cost of sales by $203 million primarily due to lower recoveries from improving supply chain dynamics and manufacturing efficiencies.

Current wording

Cost of sales decreased $99 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, when compared with 2024. Volume, mix and net new business decreased cost of sales by $85 million. Net engineering costs, excluding currency, increased cost of sales by $35 million primarily driven by recently acquired engineering services companies. Currency impacts were flat due to increases in the Mexican peso and euro which were offset by a decrease in the Brazilian real. Cost performance, design changes and other items decreased cost of sales by $49 million primarily due to operational efficiencies.

Previous wording

Gross engineering costs relate to forward model program development and advanced engineering activities and exclude contractually reimbursable engineering costs. Gross engineering costs of $334 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, where $4 million higher than the same period of 2023, and included the the acquisition of a German R&D services firm. Net engineering costs of $191 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, including the impacts of currency, were $19 million lower than the same period of 2023. This decrease is primarily related to favorable timing of recoveries during 2024 compared to the prior period.

Current wording

Gross engineering costs relate to forward model program development and advanced engineering activities and services. Net engineering costs of $364 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, including the impacts of currency, were $29 million higher than the same period of 2024. The increase is primarily due to recent engineering services acquisitions, partially offset by lower personnel cost and favorable impacts from currency.

Previous wording

Selling, general, and administrative expenses were $207 million, or 5.4% of net sales, and $207 million, or 5.2% of net sales, for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Expenses remained unchanged during 2024 due to decreased amortization expense offset by increased employee expenses.

Current wording

Selling, general, and administrative expenses were $202 million, 5.4% of net sales, and $207 million, 5.4% of net sales, for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Expenses decreased during 2025 due to lower bad debt expense, partially offset by the impact of currency due to increases in the euro.

Previous wording

Net interest income for the year ended December 31, 2024, was $2 million, compared to interest expense of $7 million in the same period 2023. The increase in interest income during 2024 reflects increased cash balances.

Current wording

Net interest income for the year ended December 31, 2025, was $9 million, compared to interest income of $2 million in the same period 2024. The increase in interest income, net of expense, during 2025 is due to interest income on increased cash balances and decreased interest expense due to a lower principal debt balance and lower interest rates on debt.

Previous wording

The Company defines Adjusted EBITDA as net income attributable to the Company adjusted to eliminate the impact of depreciation and amortization, non-cash stock-based compensation expense, provision for income taxes, net interest expense, net income attributable to non-controlling interests, restructuring and impairment expense, equity in net income of non-consolidated affiliates, and other gains and losses not reflective of the Company's ongoing operations.

Current wording

The Company defines Adjusted EBITDA 1 as net income attributable to the Company adjusted to eliminate the impact of depreciation and amortization, non-cash stock-based compensation expense, provision for income taxes, net interest expense, net income attributable to non-controlling interests, restructuring and impairment expense, equity in net income of non-consolidated affiliates, and other gains and losses not reflective of the Company's ongoing operations.

Previous wording

Adjusted EBITDA is presented as a supplemental measure of the Company's financial performance that management believes is useful to investors because the excluded items may vary significantly in timing or amounts and/or may obscure trends useful in evaluating and comparing the Company's operating activities across reporting periods. Not all companies use identical calculations and, accordingly, the Company's presentation of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies. Adjusted EBITDA is not a recognized term under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and does not purport to be a substitute for net income as an indicator of operating performance or cash flows from operating activities as a measure of liquidity. Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool and is not intended to be a measure of cash flow available for management's discretionary use, as it does not consider certain cash requirements such as interest payments, tax payments, and debt service requirements. The Company uses Adjusted EBITDA as a factor in incentive compensation decisions and to evaluate the effectiveness of the Company's business strategies. In addition, the Company's credit agreements use measures similar to Adjusted EBITDA to measure compliance with certain covenants.

Current wording

Adjusted EBITDA 1 is presented as a supplemental measure of the Company's financial performance that management believes is useful to investors because the excluded items may vary significantly in timing or amounts and/or may obscure trends useful in evaluating and comparing the Company's operating activities across reporting periods. Not all companies use identical calculations and, accordingly, the Company's presentation of Adjusted EBITDA 1 may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies. Adjusted EBITDA 1 is not a recognized term under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and does not purport to be a substitute for net income as an indicator of operating performance or cash flows from operating activities as a measure of liquidity. Adjusted EBITDA 1 has limitations as an analytical tool and is not intended to be a measure of cash flow available for management's discretionary use, as it does not consider certain cash requirements such as interest payments, tax payments, and debt service requirements. The Company uses Adjusted EBITDA 1 as a factor in incentive compensation decisions and to evaluate the effectiveness of the Company's business strategies. In addition, the Company's credit agreements use measures similar to Adjusted EBITDA 1 to measure compliance with certain covenants.

Previous wording

The reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income attributable to Visteon for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:

Current wording

The reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA 1 to net income attributable to Visteon for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:

Previous wording

The Company's provision for income taxes was $14 million for year ended December 31, 2024, reflecting a $262 million increase compared to the $248 million benefit from income taxes in 2023. In the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company released $313 million from its deferred tax valuation allowance related to U.S. federal and certain state deferred tax assets. In 2024, the Company determined that additional U.S. deferred income tax assets were more likely than not to be realized resulting in a $49 million non-cash tax benefit.

Current wording

The Company's benefit from income taxes was $8 million for year ended December 31, 2024, reflecting a $322 million increase compared to the $330 million benefit from income taxes in 2023. In the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company released $395 million from its deferred tax valuation allowance related to U.S. federal and certain state deferred tax assets. In 2024, the Company determined that additional U.S. deferred income tax assets were more likely than not to be realized resulting in a $71 million non-cash tax benefit.

Previous wording

Adjusted EBITDA was $474 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, representing an increase of $40 million when compared to 2023. Favorable volumes and mix, and the ongoing benefits of cost and commercial discipline increased Adjusted EBITDA by $37 million. Foreign currency decreased Adjusted EBITDA by $12 million, primarily attributable to the Brazilian real and Japanese yen, partially offset by the Mexican peso. Net engineering costs, excluding currency, increased Adjusted EBITDA by $15 million from favorable timing of recoveries.

Current wording

Adjusted EBITDA 1 was $474 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, representing an increase of $40 million when compared to 2023. Favorable volumes and mix, and the ongoing benefits of cost and commercial discipline increased Adjusted EBITDA 1 by $37 million. Foreign currency decreased Adjusted EBITDA 1 by $12 million, primarily attributable to the Brazilian real and Japanese yen, partially offset by the Mexican peso. Net engineering costs, excluding currency, increased Adjusted EBITDA 1 by $15 million from favorable timing of recoveries.

Previous wording

Access to additional capital through the debt or equity markets is influenced by the Company's credit ratings. As of December 31, 2024, the Company’s corporate credit rating is BB by Standard & Poor’s. See Note 11, "Debt" in the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a comprehensive discussion of the Company's debt facilities. Incremental funding requirements of the Company's consolidated foreign entities are primarily accommodated by intercompany cash pooling structures and intercompany load agreements. Affiliate working capital lines had availability of $150 million and the Company had $400 million of available credit under the revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2024.

Current wording

Access to additional capital through the debt or equity markets is influenced by the Company's credit ratings. As of December 31, 2025, the Company’s corporate credit rating has been upgraded from BB to BB+ by Standard & Poor’s and from Ba2 to Ba1 by Moody's. See Note 11, "Debt" in the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a comprehensive discussion of the Company's debt facilities. Incremental funding requirements of the Company's consolidated foreign entities are primarily accommodated by intercompany cash pooling structures and intercompany load agreements. Affiliate working capital lines had availability of $150 million and the Company had $400 million of available credit under the revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2025.

Previous wording

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had total cash and equivalents of $626 million, including $3 million of restricted cash. Cash balances totaling $489 million were located in jurisdictions outside of the United States, of which approximately $65 million is considered permanently reinvested for funding ongoing operations outside of the U.S. If such permanently reinvested funds were repatriated to the U.S., no U.S. federal taxes would be imposed on the distribution of such foreign earnings due to U.S. tax reform enacted in December 2017. However, the Company would be required to accrue additional tax expense primarily related to foreign withholding taxes.

Current wording

Cash balances totaling $573 million were located in jurisdictions outside of the U.S., of which approximately $235 million is considered permanently reinvested for funding ongoing operations outside of the U.S. If such permanently reinvested funds were repatriated to the U.S., no U.S. federal taxes would be imposed on the distribution of such foreign earnings due to U.S. tax reform enacted in December 2017. However, the Company would be required to accrue additional tax expense primarily related to foreign withholding taxes.

Previous wording

During the year ended December 31, 2024, cash contributions to the Company's U.S and non-U.S. employee retirement plans were approximately $26 million. Additionally, the Company expects to make contributions to its US and non-US defined benefit pension plans of $4 million and $8 million, respectively, during 2025.

Current wording

During the year ended December 31, 2025, cash contributions to the Company's defined benefit plans were $17 million related to its U.S. plans and $7 million related to its non-U.S. plans. Additionally, the Company expects to make contributions to its U.S. and Non-US defined benefit pension plans of $3 million and $8 million, respectively during 2026.

Previous wording

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company paid $10 million related to restructuring activities. Additional discussion regarding the Company's restructuring activities is provided in Note 4, "Restructuring and Impairments" in the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Current wording

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company paid $15 million related to restructuring activities. Additional discussion regarding the Company's restructuring activities is provided in Note 4, "Restructuring" in the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Previous wording

The Company has committed to make investments totaling $20 million in multiple entities principally focused on the automotive sector pursuant to limited partnership agreements. As of December 31, 2024, the Company has contributed $13 million toward the aggregate investment commitments. As a limited partner in each entity, the Company will periodically make capital contributions toward this total commitment amount.

Current wording

The Company has committed to make investments totaling $20 million in multiple entities principally focused on the automotive sector pursuant to limited partnership agreements. As of December 31, 2025, the Company has contributed $15 million toward the aggregate investment commitments. As a limited partner in each entity, the Company will periodically make capital contributions toward the total commitment amount.

Previous wording

On March 2, 2023 the Company's board of directors authorized a share repurchase program of $300 million of common stock through December 31, 2026. Under this program, the Company will repurchase shares at the prevailing market prices pursuant to specified share price and daily volume limits. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company has purchased 647,755 shares at an average price of $97.97 related to this program totaling $63 million.

Current wording

On March 2, 2023 the Company's board of directors authorized a share repurchase program of $300 million of common stock through December 31, 2026. Under this program, the Company will repurchase shares at the prevailing market prices pursuant to specified share price and daily volume limits. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company purchased 555,997 shares at an average price of $101.70 related to this program totaling $57 million. As of December 31, 2025, the Company has $74 million of authorized purchases of common stock remaining.

Previous wording

As of December 31, 2024, the Company has contractual purchase obligations of approximately $41 million through 2029.

Current wording

As of December 31, 2025, the Company has contractual purchase obligations of approximately $44 million through 2029.

Previous wording

The Company has operating leases primarily for corporate offices, technical and engineering centers, vehicles, and certain equipment with future lease obligations ranging from 2025 to 2035. Additional discussion regarding the Company's leasing activities is provided in Note 9, "Leases" in the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Current wording

The Company has operating leases primarily for corporate offices, technical and engineering centers, vehicles, and certain equipment with future lease obligations ranging from 2026 to 2037. Additional discussion regarding the Company's leasing activities is provided in Note 9, "Leases" in the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Previous wording

The Company may be required to make significant cash outlays related to its unrecognized tax benefits, including interest and penalties. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had unrecognized tax benefits, including interest and penalties, that would be expected to result in a cash outlay of $15 million. Given the number of years, jurisdictions and positions subject to examination, the Company is unable to estimate the period of cash settlement, if any, with the respective taxing authorities. For further information related to the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits, see Note 14, “Income Taxes,” to the consolidated financial statements included in this Report.

Current wording

The Company may be required to make significant cash outlays related to its unrecognized tax benefits, including interest and penalties. As of December 31, 2025, the Company had unrecognized tax benefits, including interest and penalties, that would be expected to result in a cash outlay of $23 million. The Company further expects that it is reasonably possible that the anticipated settlement of an ongoing bilateral Advance Pricing Agreement (“APA”) with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and the India Tax Authority (“ITA”) could result in payment to the ITA in the range of $10 to $15 million (including interest) by the end of 2026. Given the number of years, jurisdictions and positions subject to examination, the Company is unable to estimate the timing of cash settlement, if any, for its remaining unrecognized tax benefits with the respective taxing authorities.

Previous wording

Net cash used by investing activities was $189 million and $123 million during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The $66 million increase in cash used by investing activities compared to the prior year is primarily due to increased capital expenditures of $12 million and the acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired, of $55 million.

Current wording

Net cash used by investing activities was $181 million and $189 million during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The $8 million decrease in cash used by investing activities compared to the prior year is primarily due to decreased capital expenditures of $4 million and the decrease in acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired, of $5 million.

Previous wording

Net cash used by financing activities was $100 million and $156 million for during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. This $56 million decrease compared to the prior year is primarily attributable to lower repurchases of common stock of $43 million and decreased dividends paid to non-controlling interest of $17 million.

Current wording

Net cash used by financing activities was $116 million and $100 million for during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. This $16 million increase compared to the prior year is primarily attributable to cash paid for dividends to shareholders of $15 million.

Previous wording

See Note 17, "Fair Value Measurements" to the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

Current wording

See Note 17, "Fair Value Measurements" to the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

Previous wording

The Company’s significant accounting policies have been disclosed in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes under Note 1, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Certain policies relate to estimates that involve matters that are highly uncertain at the time the accounting estimate is made and different estimates or changes to an estimate could have a material impact on the reported financial position, changes in financial condition or results of operations. Such critical estimates are discussed below. For these, materially different amounts could be reported under varied conditions and assumptions. Other items in the Company's consolidated financial statements require estimation; however, in the Company's opinion, they are not as critical as those discussed below.

Current wording

The Company’s significant accounting policies have been disclosed in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes under Note 1, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Certain policies relate to estimates that involve matters that are highly uncertain at the time the accounting estimate is made and different estimates or changes to an estimate could have a material impact on the reported financial position, changes in financial condition or results of operations. Such critical estimates are discussed below. For these, materially different amounts could be reported under varied conditions and assumptions. Other items in the Company's consolidated financial statements require estimation; however, in the Company's opinion, they are not as critical as those discussed below.

Previous wording

Amounts recorded in a business combination may change during the measurement period, which is a period not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition, as additional information about conditions existing at the acquisition date becomes available.

Current wording

Amounts recorded in a business combination may change during the measurement period, which is a period not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition, as additional information about conditions existing at the acquisition date becomes available. The fair value of contingent consideration arrangements is remeasured annually until settlement, with changes in fair value recognized as Other income (loss). This remeasurement requires the use of significant estimates and assumptions, which vary based on the specific criteria of underlying each arrangement.

Current wording

Acquisition costs are expensed as incurred and recorded in Other income (loss) on the income statement.

Previous wording

Revenue is measured based on the transaction price and the quantity of parts specified in a contract with a customer. Discrete price adjustments may occur during the vehicle production period in order for the Company to remain competitive with market prices or based on changes in product specifications. Some of these price adjustments are non-routine in nature and require estimation. In the event the Company concludes that a portion of the revenue for a given part may vary from the purchase order, the Company records consideration at the most likely amount to which the Company expects to be entitled based on historical experience and input from customer negotiations. See Note 1, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

Current wording

Revenue is measured based on the transaction price and the quantity of parts specified in a contract with a customer. Discrete price adjustments may occur during the vehicle production period in order for the Company to remain competitive with market prices or based on changes in product specifications. Some of these price adjustments are non-routine in nature and require estimation. In the event the Company concludes that a portion of the revenue for a given part may vary from the purchase order, the Company records consideration at the most likely amount to which the Company expects to be entitled based on historical experience and input from customer negotiations. See Note 1, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

Previous wording

The Company accrues for warranty obligations for products sold based on management estimates, with support from the Company’s sales, engineering, quality, and legal functions, of the amount that eventually will be required to settle such obligations. This accrual is based on several factors including contractual arrangements, past experience, current claims, production changes, industry developments, and various other considerations. The Company accrues for product recall claims related to potential financial participation in customer actions to provide remedies as a result of actual or threatened regulatory or court actions or the Company’s determination of the potential for such actions. The Company's accrual for recall claims is based on specific facts and circumstances underlying individual claims with support from the Company’s engineering, quality, and legal functions. Amounts accrued are based upon management’s best estimate of the amount that will ultimately be required to settle such claims. See Note 19, "Commitments and Contingencies" in the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

Current wording

The Company accrues for product recall claims related to potential financial participation in customer actions to provide remedies associated with actual or threatened regulatory or court actions or the Company’s determination of the potential for such actions. These accruals are based on the specific facts and circumstances underlying each matter, with support from the Company’s engineering, quality, and legal functions and reflect management's best estimate of the obligations that will ultimately be incurred. See Note 19, "Commitments and Contingencies" in the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

Previous wording

The Company accrues costs in connection with its restructuring of the engineering, administration, and manufacturing organizations. These accruals include estimates primarily related to employee headcount, local statutory benefits, and other employee termination costs. Actual costs may vary from these estimates. These accruals are reviewed on a quarterly basis and changes to restructuring actions are recognized when identified. See Note 4, “Restructuring and Impairments” in the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

Current wording

The Company accrues costs in connection with its restructuring of the engineering, administration, and manufacturing organizations. These accruals include estimates primarily related to employee headcount, local statutory benefits, and other employee termination costs. Actual costs may vary from these estimates. These accruals are reviewed on a quarterly basis and changes to restructuring actions are recognized when approved. See Note 4, “Restructuring” in the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

Previous wording

Certain Company employees participate in defined benefit pension plans or retirement/termination indemnity plans. The Company has approximately $97 million in unfunded net pension liabilities as of December 31, 2024, of which approximately $80 million and $17 million are attributable to U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans, respectively. The determination of the Company’s obligations and expense for its pension plans is dependent on assumptions set by the Company used by actuaries in calculating such amounts. Assumptions, including the discount rate, expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, and rate of increase in compensation, are described in Note 12, “Employee Benefit Plans” to the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which are incorporated herein by reference.

Current wording

Certain Company employees participate in defined benefit pension plans or retirement/termination indemnity plans. The Company has approximately $50 million in unfunded net pension liabilities as of December 31, 2025, of which approximately $38 million and $12 million are attributable to U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans, respectively. The determination of the Company’s obligations and expense for its pension plans is dependent on assumptions set by the Company used by actuaries in calculating such amounts. Assumptions, including the discount rate, expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, and rate of increase in compensation, are described in Note 12, “Employee Benefit Plans” to the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which are incorporated herein by reference.

Previous wording

The Company's income tax expense, deferred tax assets, deferred tax liabilities, and liabilities for uncertain tax benefits reflect management’s best estimate of current and future taxes to be paid. The Company is subject to income taxes in the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgments and estimates are required in the determination of consolidated income tax expense.

Current wording

The Company’s income tax expense, deferred tax assets and liabilities, and liabilities for uncertain tax positions reflect management’s estimates of current and future tax obligations. Because the Company is subject to income taxation in the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions, the determination of consolidated income tax expense requires significant judgment.

Previous wording

Deferred income taxes arise from temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements, which will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future. In evaluating the Company's ability to realize a benefit with respect to the deferred tax assets in the jurisdiction from which they arise, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including historical and projected future taxable income, the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences, the expected utilization of existing tax attribute carryforwards (e.g., net operating losses and foreign tax credits), and tax planning strategies.

Current wording

Deferred income taxes arise from temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the financial statements. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets in each jurisdiction, the Company evaluates all available positive and negative evidence, including historical and projected future taxable income, the expected timing of reversals of temporary differences, anticipated utilization of tax attribute carryforwards such as net operating losses and foreign tax credits, and available tax planning strategies.

Previous wording

See Note 13, "Income Taxes" in the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

Current wording

See Note 14, "Income Taxes" in the Company's consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

Previous wording

See Note 1, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to the Company's consolidated financial statements under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements.

Current wording

See Note 1, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to the Company's consolidated financial statements under Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements.

Previous wording

•Uncertainties in U.S. policy regarding trade agreements, tariffs or other internation trade policies and any response to such actions by foreign countries.

Current wording

•Uncertainties in U.S. or foreign policy regarding trade agreements, tariffs or other internation trade policies and any response to such actions by foreign countries.

Showing the first 40 of 43 pairs. Open the source sections for the rest.

Rearranged current paragraphs (7)

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Year ended December 31, 2024 Compared to Year ended December 31, 2023

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

The Company's consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

The Company defines Adjusted EBITDA 1 as net income attributable to the Company adjusted to eliminate the impact of depreciation and amortization, non-cash stock-based compensation expense, provision for income taxes, net interest expense, net income attributable to non-controlling interests, restructuring and impairment expense, equity in net income of non-consolidated affiliates, and other gains and losses not reflective of the Company's ongoing operations.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Adjusted EBITDA 1 is presented as a supplemental measure of the Company's financial performance that management believes is useful to investors because the excluded items may vary significantly in timing or amounts and/or may obscure trends useful in evaluating and comparing the Company's operating activities across reporting periods. Not all companies use identical calculations and, accordingly, the Company's presentation of Adjusted EBITDA 1 may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies. Adjusted EBITDA 1 is not a recognized term under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and does not purport to be a substitute for net income as an indicator of operating performance or cash flows from operating activities as a measure of liquidity. Adjusted EBITDA 1 has limitations as an analytical tool and is not intended to be a measure of cash flow available for management's discretionary use, as it does not consider certain cash requirements such as interest payments, tax payments, and debt service requirements. The Company uses Adjusted EBITDA 1 as a factor in incentive compensation decisions and to evaluate the effectiveness of the Company's business strategies. In addition, the Company's credit agreements use measures similar to Adjusted EBITDA 1 to measure compliance with certain covenants.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

The reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA 1 to net income attributable to Visteon for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

For further information related to the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits, see Note 14, “Income Taxes” within Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” to the consolidated financial statements included in this Report.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

The Company accrues for warranty obligations for products sold based on management estimates, with support from the Company’s sales, engineering, quality, and legal functions, of the amount that eventually will be required to settle such obligations. These estimates consider several factors including contractual arrangements, past experience, current claims, production changes, industry developments, dealership repair practices, repair time and other relevant information available at the time the estimate is made. Management applies a consistent estimation approach that reflects the most supportable amount within the range of potential outcomes based on the information evaluated.