Skip to main content

Rezolute, Inc.

For the period ended Jun 30, 2026. Filed Sep 24, 2026.

View on SEC.gov

About this filing

A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.

FY2026 · Filed Sep 24, 2026

RZLT$3.88+6.6%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026

What changed in Risk Factors?

Read the current filing

Previous report: 10-K

Period ended 2025-06-30; filed 2025-09-17.

0001104659-25-090848

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Current report: 10-K

Period ended 2026-06-30; filed 2026-09-24.

0001104659-26-110420

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.

Compared 90 previous paragraphs and 99 current paragraphs.

62 unchanged; 15 reworded; 17 added; 10 removed; 3 previous and 5 current paragraphs rearranged.

Tables are not compared: 20 previous and 20 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.

A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.

Added paragraphs (17)

Current report

The supplemental information provided to the FDA to support our belief in the effectiveness of ersodetug in the treatment of congenital HI might not result in a viable path forward.

Current report

As discussed in this Annual Report, on March 17, 2026, we met with the FDA to discuss the results of the sunRIZE trial and were asked to submit comprehensive analysis datasets and summary outcomes for the Agency’s independent evaluation. There can be no guarantee that after it analyzes the supplemental information that the FDA will agree to a path forward that is viable, both in terms of required information and cost, or a path that doesn’t require us to conduct a new randomized study. If we are required to either (i) provide additional information that we are unable to provide or (ii) conduct a new randomized study, our current operational plans may change in scope, timeline and required resources, which may require us to make significant operational changes.

Current report

There is no guarantee that the FDA will not consider the results of the sunRIZE trial when it considers additional regulatory steps related to ersodetug and its treatment of other conditions.

Current report

As discussed in this Annual Report, we have previously asked the FDA whether it will consider the results of the sunRIZE trial when considering additional regulatory steps related to ersodetug, including whether the results of the sunRIZE trial will impact the FDA’s assessment of any results that we may receive from the upLIFT trial. Although the FDA has not historically grouped trial results in this way, in the event the FDA takes this approach in connection with ersodetug this could significantly impact our business and future plans. Specifically, if we are required to delay

Current report

studying, marketing or monetizing any future potential applications of ersodetug, we may be required to make significant operational changes.

Current report

Our preclinical studies or early clinical trials of our product candidates, whether conducted by us or third parties, may not necessarily be predictive of the results of later clinical trials that we conduct. For example, despite promising results in our early clinical trials of ersodetug, our sunRIZE trial failed to meet its primary endpoint or key secondary endpoint. Similarly, even if we are able to complete our planned upLIFT trial, positive results from earlier clinical trial may not be replicated in our subsequent preclinical studies or clinical trials or in real-world results.

Current report

Many companies in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries have suffered significant setbacks in late-stage clinical trials after achieving positive results in early-stage development, and we cannot be certain that we will not face further setbacks for any future product candidates. These setbacks have been caused by, among other things, preclinical findings made while clinical trials were underway or safety or efficacy observations made in preclinical studies and clinical trials, including previously unreported adverse events. Moreover, preclinical and clinical data are often susceptible to varying interpretations and analyses and many companies that believed their product candidates performed satisfactorily in preclinical studies and clinical trials nonetheless failed to obtain FDA, or comparable non-U.S. regulatory authority approval. Furthermore, the approval policies or regulations of the FDA or comparable non-U.S. regulatory authorities may significantly change in a manner that may render our clinical data insufficient for approval, which may lead to the FDA or comparable non-U.S. regulatory authorities delaying, limiting or denying approval of our product candidates.

Current report

Interim, “topline” and preliminary data from clinical trials may change as more data become available, are not necessarily predictive of the final results of the completed study or the results of other ongoing or future studies and are subject to audit and verification procedures that could result in material changes.

Current report

From time to time, we may announce, publish or report preliminary, topline or interim data from our clinical trials. Such data are subject to the risk that one or more of the clinical outcomes may materially change as patients continue progressing through the study (for example, in oncology studies, a patient may progress from a complete or partial response to progressive disease), as patient enrollment continues and/or as more patient data become available, and such data may not be indicative of final data from such trials, data from future trials or real-world results. In addition, such data may remain subject to audit confirmation and verification procedures that may result in the final data being materially different from the preliminary, topline or interim data disclosed. As a result, all preliminary, topline and interim data should be viewed with caution until the final data are available. Material adverse differences between preliminary, topline or interim data and final data could significantly harm our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations.

Current report

Modifications to the upLIFT trial may fail to produce effective results.

Current report

In an effort to align with FDA guidance and improve the likelihood of demonstrating efficacy, the FDA allowed us to modify the upLIFT trial design. Such modifications include, without limitation to, removing the need to conduct a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with hypoglycemia events as the endpoint. However, there can be no guarantees that these modifications are better able to demonstrate drug efficacy or that the upLIFT trial will meet its primary or secondary endpoints.

Current report

Failure of our clinical trials could expose us to litigation and other legal claims, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Current report

The failure, delay or unfavorable results of any of our clinical trials could give rise to claims or litigation by investors, clinical trial participants, business partners, employees or other parties. Such claims could allege, among other things, that we failed to adequately design, conduct, oversee or disclose the results of our clinical trials, or that our public statements regarding our clinical development programs were inaccurate or misleading. Regardless of the merits or ultimate outcome of any such claims, defending litigation could require significant financial and management resources and could result in substantial costs, damages, settlements or other liabilities. In addition, adverse publicity associated with litigation could harm our reputation and relationships with investors, collaborators, regulators and other stakeholders. Any such litigation or related proceedings could therefore materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. For example, following the release of the results of our sunRIZE trial our stock price suffered a decline. As a result, plaintiffs law firms have announced investigations into potential securities laws violations based on allegations related to the results of the sunRIZE trial. While we believe these allegations are without merit, and no litigation has been commenced to date regarding such allegations, we still face the potential for litigation to be initiated against us.

Current report

In the future, we may no longer qualify as a smaller reporting company or non-accelerated filer, which could increase our compliance costs and reporting obligations.

Current report

We currently qualify as an SRC and a non-accelerated filer under applicable SEC rules. As a result, we are eligible to take advantage of certain reduced disclosure requirements and exemptions from requirements applicable to other public companies, including the exemption from the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

Current report

Our status as an SRC and non-accelerated filer is determined annually based on, among other factors, our public float and, where applicable, our annual revenues. If our public float increases above applicable thresholds, or if we otherwise cease to qualify as an SRC or non-accelerated filer, we could become subject to additional disclosure, compliance and governance requirements. These additional requirements could include expanded executive compensation disclosures, accelerated filing deadlines and, if applicable, auditor attestation requirements regarding internal control over financial reporting.

Current report

Compliance with these additional requirements would increase our legal, accounting and administrative costs and require greater management attention and internal resources. If we are unable to comply with any such requirements in a timely manner, investors may lose confidence in our reported information, the market price of our common stock could decline and we could become subject to regulatory scrutiny or enforcement actions.
Removed paragraphs (10)

Previous report

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Previous report

In the future we may not qualify as are no a “smaller reporting company” within the meaning of the Securities Act and as a result we would be will be subject to certain enhanced disclosure requirements which will require us to incur significant expenses and expend time and resources.

Previous report

As of September 15, 2025, our market capitalization was $678.4 million. If our market capitalization continues on its current trajectory it is possible that as of December 31, 2025, we may no longer qualify as a “smaller reporting company,” and, as a result, we would be required to comply with various disclosure and compliance requirements that did not previously apply, such as the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the requirement that we hold a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and obtain stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved, the requirement to provide full and more detailed executive compensation disclosure and the reduction in the amount of time for filing our periodic and annual reports. Compliance with these additional requirements increases our legal and financial compliance costs and causes management and other personnel to divert attention from operational and other business matters to these additional public company reporting requirements. In addition, if we are not able to comply with changing requirements in a timely manner, the market price of our stock could decline and we could be subject to delisting proceedings by the stock exchange on which our common shares are listed, or sanctions or investigations by the SEC or other regulatory authorities, which would require additional financial and management resources.

Previous report

Operations outside the United States may be affected by different local politics, business and cultural factors, different regulatory requirements and prohibitions between jurisdictions.

Previous report

We intend to seek regulatory approval in foreign countries for all of our potential product candidates prior to commercialization. Pharmaceutical therapies are subject to rigorous preclinical testing and clinical trials and other pre-market approval requirements by Regulatory Authorities in foreign countries. Operations outside the United States may

Previous report

be affected by different local business and cultural factors, different regulatory requirements and prohibitions between jurisdictions, including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and local laws prohibiting corrupt payments, and changes in regulatory requirements for financing activities.

Previous report

Changes in U.S. tax law could adversely affect our business.

Previous report

Changes to tax laws (which changes may have retroactive application) could adversely affect us or the holders of our common stock. It cannot be predicted whether, when, in what form, or with what effective dates, new tax laws or regulations may be enacted under existing or new tax laws. This could result in an increase in our tax liability or require changes in our business in order to mitigate any adverse effects of changes in tax laws.

Previous report

One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”)

Previous report

The recent enactment of the OBBBA may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operation and future plans. Because the OBBBA is a wide reaching law, we are assessing its potential impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and future plans and we plan to provide an update in future SEC filings once this assessment is complete.
Reworded paragraphs (15)

Previous wording

Before obtaining approval from the government authorities or professional bodies with authority to grant regulatory approval for our drug candidates in a particular country, such as the EMA, the FDA and analogous authorities in other jurisdictions outside of the United States (“Regulatory Authorities”), we must conduct extensive clinical studies to demonstrate safety and efficacy. Clinical testing is expensive, time consuming and uncertain as to the outcome. Any delays in the commencement or completion of our ongoing, planned or future clinical trials could significantly increase our costs, slow down our development and approval process and jeopardize our ability to commence product sales and generate revenues. We do not know whether our planned trials will begin on time or at all, or be completed on schedule, if at all. The commencement and completion of clinical trials can be delayed for a number of reasons, including delays related to:

Current wording

jurisdictions outside of the United States (“Regulatory Authorities”), we must conduct extensive clinical studies to demonstrate safety and efficacy. Clinical testing is expensive, time consuming and uncertain as to the outcome. Any delays in the commencement or completion of our ongoing, planned or future clinical trials could significantly increase our costs, slow down our development and approval process and jeopardize our ability to commence product sales and generate revenues. We do not know whether our planned trials will begin on time or at all, or be completed on schedule, if at all. The commencement and completion of clinical trials can be delayed for a number of reasons, including delays related to:

Previous wording

If we or a Regulatory Authority discovers previously unknown problems with a product, such as adverse events of unanticipated severity or frequency, or problems with the facility where the product is manufactured, a Regulatory Authority may impose restrictions on that product, the manufacturing facility or us, including requiring recall or withdrawal of the product from the market or suspension of manufacturing. If we, our product candidates or the manufacturing facilities for our product candidates fail to comply with applicable regulatory requirements, a Regulatory Authority may: issue warning letters or untitled letters; seek an injunction or impose civil or criminal penalties or monetary fines; suspend or withdraw regulatory approval; suspend any ongoing clinical studies; refuse to approve pending applications or supplements to applications filed by us; suspend or impose restrictions on operations, including costly new

Current wording

If we or a Regulatory Authority discovers previously unknown problems with a product, such as adverse events of unanticipated severity or frequency, or problems with the facility where the product is manufactured, a Regulatory Authority may impose restrictions on that product, the manufacturing facility or us, including requiring recall or withdrawal of the product from the market or suspension of manufacturing. If we, our product candidates or the manufacturing facilities for our product candidates fail to comply with applicable regulatory requirements, a Regulatory Authority may: issue warning letters or untitled letters; seek an injunction or impose civil or criminal penalties or monetary fines; suspend or withdraw regulatory approval; suspend any ongoing clinical studies; refuse to approve pending applications or supplements to applications filed by us; suspend or impose restrictions on operations, including costly new manufacturing requirements; or seize or detain products, refuse to permit the import or export of products, or require us to initiate a product recall.

Previous wording

The results of preclinical studies and initial clinical trials of our product candidates do not necessarily predict the results of later-stage clinical trials. Product candidates in later stages of clinical trials may fail to show the desired safety and efficacy despite having progressed through initial clinical trials. We cannot assure you that the data collected from the preclinical studies and clinical trials of our product candidates will be sufficient to support approval by the FDA or a foreign Regulatory Authority. In addition, the continuation of a particular study after review by an independent Data Safety Monitoring Board does not necessarily indicate that our product candidate will achieve the clinical endpoint.

Current wording

The results of preclinical studies and initial clinical trials of our product candidates do not necessarily predict the results of later-stage clinical trials. Product candidates in later stages of clinical trials may fail to show the desired safety and efficacy despite having progressed through initial clinical trials. We cannot assure you that the data collected from the

Previous wording

If any of our product candidates move from clinical development into commercialization, this anticipated growth will place significant strains on our management, operational systems and processes, financial systems and internal controls and other aspects of our business. We must upgrade our internal business processes and capabilities to create the scalability that a growing business demands. As of September 15, 2025, we had 77 full-time employees. To execute our anticipated growth successfully, we must continue to attract and retain qualified personnel and manage and train them effectively. Commercializing any of our product candidates will require us to hire and retain scientific, sales and marketing, software, manufacturing, customer service, distribution and quality assurance personnel. In addition, we expect that we will need to hire additional accounting, finance and other personnel.

Current wording

If any of our product candidates move from clinical development into commercialization, this anticipated growth will place significant strains on our management, operational systems and processes, financial systems and internal controls and other aspects of our business. We must upgrade our internal business processes and capabilities to create the scalability that a growing business demands. As of September 21, 2026, we had 63 full-time employees. To execute our anticipated growth successfully, we must continue to attract and retain qualified personnel and manage and train them effectively. Commercializing any of our product candidates will require us to hire and retain scientific, sales and marketing, software, manufacturing, customer service, distribution and quality assurance personnel. In addition, we expect that we will need to hire additional accounting, finance and other personnel.

Previous wording

We have a history of losses and may not achieve profitability in the future. We will need substantial additional capital to fund our operations. If we fail to obtain additional capital, we will be unable to sustain operations.

Current wording

We have a long history of losses and may not achieve profitability in the future. We will need substantial additional capital to fund our operations. If we fail to obtain additional capital, we will be unable to sustain operations.

Previous wording

We incurred net losses of $74.4 million and $68.5 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of June 30, 2025, we had an accumulated deficit of $403.9 million. Cash used in our operating activities amounted to $69.1 million and $57.4 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. We expect that the amount of cash used in our operating activities will continue to increase for the next several years. As of June 30, 2025, we had cash and cash equivalents of $94.1 million and investments in marketable debt securities of $73.8 million that is expected to provide us with adequate capital resources to fund planned activities for at least 12 months from the issuance date of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended June 30, 2025.

Current wording

We incurred net losses of $77.6 million and $74.4 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. As of June 30, 2026, we had an accumulated deficit of $481.4 million. Cash used in our operating activities amounted to $64.6 million and $69.1 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. As of June 30, 2026, we had cash and cash equivalents of $10.6 million and investments in marketable debt securities of $97.2 million that is expected to provide us with adequate capital resources to fund planned activities for at least 12 months from the issuance date of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended June 30, 2026.

Previous wording

Since our inception, we have not generated meaningful revenue. We expect to continue to incur operating losses for the foreseeable future as we develop and commercialize our product candidate pipeline, and we expect to need additional capital from external sources before we will be able to begin generating revenue, if ever. If we are unable to raise additional capital, we may have to significantly delay, scale back or discontinue one or more of our research and development programs. We may be required to cease operations or seek partners for our product candidates at an earlier stage than otherwise would be desirable and on terms that are less favorable than might otherwise be available. In the absence of

Current wording

Since our inception, we have not generated meaningful revenue. We expect to continue to incur operating losses for the foreseeable future as we develop and commercialize our product candidate pipeline, and we expect to need additional capital from external sources before we will be able to begin generating revenue, if ever. If we are unable to raise additional capital, we may have to significantly delay, scale back or discontinue one or more of our research and development programs. We may be required to cease operations or seek partners for our product candidates at an earlier stage than otherwise would be desirable and on terms that are less favorable than might otherwise be available. In the absence of additional capital we may also be required to relinquish, license or otherwise dispose of rights to technologies, product candidates or products that we would otherwise seek to develop or commercialize on terms that are less favorable than might otherwise be available. If we are unable to secure additional capital, we may be required to take additional measures to reduce costs in order to conserve our cash in amounts sufficient to sustain operations and meet our obligations. These measures could cause significant delays in the development of our product candidates.

Previous wording

Federal and state laws impose substantial restrictions on the utilization of net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards in the event that certain ownership changes occur as defined in Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”). Due to our financing activities, we experienced ownership changes that have resulted in significant limitations on the future use of our NOL carryforwards. As of June 30, 2025, we have U.S. federal NOL carryforwards of approximately $201.4 million, of which $33.4 million will expire without any opportunity for utilization due to the limitations set forth in IRC Section 382. Assuming that further IRC Section 382 ownership changes do not occur, the remaining $168.0 million of NOL carryforwards consist of approximately (i) $10.5 million that are currently available to offset taxable income but if not utilized will expire in 2031 through 2035, (ii) $10.8 million that becomes available through 2038 and that expire by June 30, 2038 if not utilized, and (iii) $146.7 million that never expire. It should be noted that there was an ownership change in 2025 that the $201.4 million will be subject to going forward. However, the ownership limitation that occurred in the 2022 fiscal year was more restrictive. It should be noted that with respect to $75.7 million of the $146.7 million of NOL carryforwards that never expire, the $75.7 million are subject to more restrictive prior 382 limitations, and as such will become available in varying annual amounts for an aggregate of approximately $9.9 million through fiscal year 2038, and $1.2 million annually thereafter. It is possible that any future ownership changes could result in further limitations on the use of our NOL carryforwards or other tax attributes, which could adversely affect our future financial position, profitability and cash flows.

Current wording

Federal and state laws impose substantial restrictions on the utilization of net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards in the event that certain ownership changes occur as defined in Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”). Due to our financing activities, we experienced ownership changes that have resulted in significant limitations on the future use of our NOL carryforwards. As of June 30, 2026, we have U.S. federal NOL carryforwards of approximately $248.9 million, of which $33.4 million will expire without any opportunity for utilization due to the limitations set forth in IRC Section 382. Our ability to use the remaining $215.5 million of U.S. federal NOL carryforwards is subject to strict limitations as a result of prior ownership changes. It is possible that future ownership changes could result in further limitations on the use of our NOL carryforwards or other tax attributes, which could adversely affect our future financial position, profitability and cash flows.

Previous wording

We are subject to Section 404 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Section 404”), and the related rules of the SEC which generally require our management and independent registered public accounting firm to report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Section 404 requires an annual management assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Effective April 27, 2020, the SEC adopted amendments to the “accelerated filer” and “large accelerated filer” definitions in Rule 12b-2 under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. The amendments exclude from the “accelerated filer” and “large accelerated filer” definitions an issuer that is eligible to be a smaller reporting company and that had annual revenues of less than $100 million in the most recent fiscal year for which audited financial statements are available. We determined that our Company does not meet the accelerated or large accelerated filer definitions as of June 30, 2025. For so long as we remain a smaller reporting company and a non-accelerated filer, we intend to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to public companies, including, but not limited to, not being required as a non-accelerated filer to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b). An independent assessment by our independent registered public accounting firm of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting could detect problems that our management’s assessment might not. Undetected material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting could lead to financial statement restatements and require us to incur the expense of remediation.

Current wording

We are subject to Section 404 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Section 404”), and the related rules of the SEC which generally require our management and independent registered public accounting firm to report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Section 404 requires an annual management assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Effective April 27, 2020, the SEC adopted amendments to the “accelerated filer” and “large accelerated filer” definitions in Rule 12b-2 under The Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. The amendments exclude from the “accelerated filer” and “large accelerated filer” definitions an issuer that is eligible to be a smaller reporting company (“SRC”). We currently meet the definition of an SRC. We determined that our Company does not meet the accelerated or large accelerated filer definitions as of June 30, 2026. For so long as we remain a smaller reporting company and a non-accelerated filer, we intend to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to public companies, including, but not limited to, not being required as a non-accelerated filer to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b). An independent assessment by our independent registered public accounting firm of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting could detect problems that our management’s assessment might not. Undetected material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting could lead to financial statement restatements and require us to incur the expense of remediation.

Previous wording

As of June 30, 2025, the fair value of the investments in our marketable debt securities portfolio was approximately $73.8 million. Factors beyond our control can significantly influence the fair value of securities in our portfolio and can cause potential adverse changes to the fair value of these securities. For example, fixed-rate securities acquired by us are generally subject to decreases in market value when interest rates rise. Additional factors include, but are not limited to, rating agency downgrades of the securities or our own analysis of the value of the security, defaults by the issuer with respect to the underlying securities, and continued instability in the credit markets. Any of the foregoing factors could result in credit-related loss and result in realized losses. The process for determining whether allowances are needed for credit-related losses usually requires difficult, subjective judgments about the future financial performance of the issuer and any collateral underlying the security in order to assess the probability of receiving all contractual principal and interest payments on the security.

Current wording

rating agency downgrades of the securities or our own analysis of the value of the security, defaults by the issuer with respect to the underlying securities, and continued instability in the credit markets. Any of the foregoing factors could result in credit-related loss and result in realized losses. The process for determining whether allowances are needed for credit-related losses usually requires difficult, subjective judgments about the future financial performance of the issuer and any collateral underlying the security in order to assess the probability of receiving all contractual principal and interest payments on the security.

Previous wording

As of June 30, 2025, we had $7,000 in net unrealized losses in our marketable debt securities. Unrealized losses in our marketable debt securities portfolio may increase in the future due to the aforementioned economic factors. While our goal is to hold each security until maturity, that may not be possible in light of our policy to preserve capital and liquidity and because investment in securities with unrealized losses has a diminished utility as a source of liquidity prior to maturity. Selling securities with an unrealized loss would result in the realization of such losses, which could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Current wording

As of June 30, 2026, we had $0.1 million in net unrealized losses in our marketable debt securities. Unrealized losses in our marketable debt securities portfolio may increase in the future due to the aforementioned economic factors. While our goal is to hold each security until maturity, that may not be possible in light of our policy to preserve capital and liquidity and because investment in securities with unrealized losses have a diminished utility as a source of liquidity prior to maturity. Selling securities with an unrealized loss would result in the realization of such losses, which could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Previous wording

We typically develop our product candidates using compounds that we have acquired or in-licensed, including the original composition of matter patents and patents that claim the activities and methods for such compounds’ production and use. For example, in 2017 we in-licensed (i) a fully human monoclonal antibody from XOMA Corporation (“XOMA”) as well as (ii) a plasma kallikrein inhibitor portfolio from ActiveSite Pharmaceuticals (“ActiveSite”) and in consideration for such licenses, we will owe milestone payments and royalties as we progress product candidates through development.

Current wording

We typically develop our product candidates using compounds that we have acquired or in-licensed, including the original composition of matter patents and patents that claim the activities and methods for such compounds’ production and use. For example, in 2017 we in-licensed (i) a fully human monoclonal antibody from XOMA Corporation (“XOMA”), who was acquired by Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated on July 14, 2026, as well as (ii) a plasma kallikrein inhibitor portfolio from ActiveSite Pharmaceuticals (“ActiveSite”) and in consideration for such licenses, we will continue to incur milestone payments and royalties as we progress product candidates through development.

Previous wording

Although our patents may prevent others from making, using or selling similar products, they do not ensure that we will not infringe the patent rights of third parties. We may not be aware of all patents or patent applications that may impact our ability to make, use or sell any of our product candidates or proposed product candidates. For example, because we sometimes identify the mechanism of action or molecular target of a given product candidate after identifying its composition of matter and therapeutic use, we may not be aware until the mechanism or target is further elucidated that a third-party has an issued or pending patent claiming biological activities or targets that may cover our product candidate. U.S. patent applications filed after November 29, 2000 are confidential in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office for the first 18 months after such applications’ earliest priority date, and patent offices in other countries often publish patent applications for the first time six months or more after filing. Furthermore, we may not be aware of published or granted conflicting patent rights. Any conflicts resulting from patent applications and patents of others could significantly reduce the coverage of our patents and limit our ability to obtain meaningful patent protection. If others obtain patents with conflicting claims, we may need to obtain licenses to these patents or to develop or obtain alternative technology.

Current wording

composition of matter and therapeutic use, we may not be aware until the mechanism or target is further elucidated that a third-party has an issued or pending patent claiming biological activities or targets that may cover our product candidate. U.S. patent applications filed after November 29, 2000 are confidential in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office for the first 18 months after such applications’ earliest priority date, and patent offices in other countries often publish patent applications for the first time six months or more after filing. Furthermore, we may not be aware of published or granted conflicting patent rights. Any conflicts resulting from patent applications and patents of others could significantly reduce the coverage of our patents and limit our ability to obtain meaningful patent protection. If others obtain patents with conflicting claims, we may need to obtain licenses to these patents or to develop or obtain alternative technology.

Previous wording

We have been granted patents or licensed patents in the United States, but patent applications that have been, or may in the future be, filed by us may not result in the issuance of additional patents. The scope of any patent issued may not be sufficient to protect our technology. The laws of foreign jurisdictions in which we intend to sell our products may not protect our rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States.

Current wording

We have been granted patents or licensed patents in the United States, but patent applications that have been, or may in the future be, filed by us may not result in the issuance of additional patents. The scope of any patent issued may not be

Previous wording

in anticipation of which the market price of our common stock could fall. The existence of an overhang, whether or not sales have occurred or are occurring, also could make more difficult our ability to raise additional financing through the sale of equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and price that we deem reasonable or appropriate. The shares of our restricted common stock will be freely tradable upon the earlier of: (i) effectiveness of a registration statement covering such shares and (ii) the date on which such shares may be sold without registration pursuant to Rule 144 (or other applicable exemption) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”).

Current wording

If our shareholders sell substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market upon the expiration of any statutory holding period or lockup agreements, under Rule 144, or issued upon the exercise of outstanding PFWs, stock options, RSUs, warrants or other convertible securities, it could create a circumstance commonly referred to as an “overhang” and in anticipation of which the market price of our common stock could fall. The existence of an overhang, whether or not sales have occurred or are occurring, also could make more difficult our ability to raise additional financing through the sale of equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and price that we deem reasonable or appropriate. The shares of our restricted common stock will be freely tradable upon the earlier of: (i) effectiveness of a registration statement covering such shares and (ii) the date on which such shares may be sold without registration pursuant to Rule 144 (or other applicable exemption) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”).
Rearranged current paragraphs (5)

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Before obtaining approval from the government authorities or professional bodies with authority to grant regulatory approval for our drug candidates in a particular country, such as the EMA, the FDA and analogous authorities in other

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

preclinical studies and clinical trials of our product candidates will be sufficient to support approval by the FDA or a foreign Regulatory Authority. In addition, the continuation of a particular study after review by an independent Data Safety Monitoring Board does not necessarily indicate that our product candidate will achieve the clinical endpoint.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

As of June 30, 2026, the fair value of the investments in our marketable debt securities portfolio was approximately $97.2 million. Factors beyond our control can significantly influence the fair value of securities in our portfolio and can cause potential adverse changes to the fair value of these securities. For example, fixed-rate securities acquired by us are generally subject to decreases in market value when interest rates rise. Additional factors include, but are not limited to,

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Although our patents may prevent others from making, using or selling similar products, they do not ensure that we will not infringe the patent rights of third parties. We may not be aware of all patents or patent applications that may impact our ability to make, use or sell any of our product candidates or proposed product candidates. For example, because we sometimes identify the mechanism of action or molecular target of a given product candidate after identifying its

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

sufficient to protect our technology. The laws of foreign jurisdictions in which we intend to sell our products may not protect our rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (3)

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

manufacturing requirements; or seize or detain products, refuse to permit the import or export of products, or require us to initiate a product recall.

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

additional capital we may also be required to relinquish, license or otherwise dispose of rights to technologies, product candidates or products that we would otherwise seek to develop or commercialize on terms that are less favorable than might otherwise be available. If we are unable to secure additional capital, we may be required to take additional measures to reduce costs in order to conserve our cash in amounts sufficient to sustain operations and meet our obligations. These measures could cause significant delays in the development of our product candidates.

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

If our shareholders sell substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market upon the expiration of any statutory holding period or lockup agreements, under Rule 144, or issued upon the exercise of outstanding PFWs, stock options, RSUs, warrants or other convertible securities, it could create a circumstance commonly referred to as an “overhang” and