ProMIS Neurosciences Inc.
For the period ended Jun 30, 2026. Filed Aug 13, 2026.
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A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Jun 30, 2026 · Filed Aug 13, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2026-03-31; filed 2026-05-12.
0001104659-26-059035
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2026-06-30; filed 2026-08-13.
0001104659-26-095895
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 75 previous paragraphs and 79 current paragraphs.
38 unchanged; 26 reworded; 8 added; 8 removed; 3 previous and 7 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 15 previous and 17 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (8)
Current report
Other income consists of interest income.
Current report
Six Months Ended June 30, 2026 and 2025
Current report
General and administrative expenses increased by $1.0 million, or 29%, for the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025. Employee salaries and benefits increased by $0.5 million due to bonus expense in the six months ended June 30, 2026. Professional and consulting fees increased by $0.3 million, driven by an increase of $0.2 million in legal fees and an increase of $0.1 million in recruiting costs. Facility-related and other costs and patent expense each increased by $0.1 million.
Current report
Results of Operations
Current report
General and administrative expenses increased by $1.3 million, or 91%, for the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025. This increase was driven by a $0.8 million increase in employee salaries and benefits, due to bonus expense in the three months ended June 30, 2026, and a $0.3 million increase in professional and consulting fees, due to a $0.2 million increase in recruiting fees and a $0.1 million increase in audit and tax fees. Facility-related and other costs increased by $0.1 million.
Current report
Cash Flows Used in Operating Activities
Current report
Cash Flows Used in Investing Activities
Current report
There was no cash used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2026 or 2025.
Removed paragraphs (8)
Previous report
Research and Development Expenses
Previous report
General and Administrative Expenses
Previous report
Other (Expense) Income
Previous report
Other (expense) income consists primarily of interest expense on deferred accounts payable with a vendor, changes in the fair value of our financial instruments and interest income.
Previous report
Research and Development Expenses
Previous report
General and Administrative Expenses
Previous report
Other Income (Expense)
Previous report
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Reworded paragraphs (26)
Previous wording
All references in this management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, or MD&A, to the “Company”, “ProMIS”, “we”, “us”, or “our” refer to ProMIS Neurosciences Inc., unless otherwise indicated or the context requires otherwise. The following MD&A is prepared as of May 12, 2026 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K and the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (collectively, the “Financial Statements”), which have been prepared by management in accordance with GAAP as issued by the FASB. All dollar amounts refer to United States dollars, except as stated otherwise.
Current wording
All references in this management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, or MD&A, to the “Company”, “ProMIS”, “we”, “us”, or “our” refer to ProMIS Neurosciences Inc., unless otherwise indicated or the context requires otherwise. The following MD&A is prepared as of August 13, 2026 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K and the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (collectively, the “Financial Statements”), which have been prepared by management in accordance with GAAP as issued by the FASB. All dollar amounts refer to United States dollars, except as stated otherwise.
Previous wording
We are applying our patented technology platform to build a portfolio of antibody therapies, therapeutic vaccines, and other antibody-based therapies in neurodegenerative diseases and other protein-misfolding diseases, with a focus on Alzheimer’s disease (AD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We believe these diseases share a common biologic cause — misfolded versions of proteins, that otherwise perform a normal function, becoming toxic and killing neurons, resulting in disease. Our technology platform enables drug discovery through a combination of protein biology, physics and supercomputing. We believe this platform provides a potential advantage in selectively targeting the toxic misfolded proteins with therapeutics or detecting them with diagnostics.
Current wording
We are applying our patented technology platform to build a portfolio of antibody therapies, therapeutic vaccines, and other antibody-based therapies in neurodegenerative diseases and other protein-misfolding diseases, with a focus on Alzheimer’s disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We believe these diseases share a common biologic cause — misfolded versions of proteins, that otherwise perform a normal function, becoming toxic and killing neurons, resulting in disease. Our technology platform enables drug discovery through a combination of protein biology, physics and supercomputing. We believe this platform provides a potential advantage in selectively targeting the toxic misfolded proteins with therapeutics or detecting them with diagnostics.
Previous wording
We are developing a pipeline of antibodies aimed at selectively targeting misfolded toxic forms of proteins that drive neurodegenerative diseases without interfering with the essential functions of the same properly folded proteins. Our product candidates are PMN310, PMN267, and PMN442. The lead product candidate is PMN310, a monoclonal antibody designed to treat AD by selectively targeting toxic, misfolded oligomers of amyloid-beta. PMN267 is our second lead product candidate targeting ALS. It has been shown in preclinical studies to selectively recognize misfolded, cytoplasmic TDP 43 aggregates without interacting with normal TDP 43. Misfolded TDP 43 is believed to play an important role in the development of ALS. In light of research suggesting that misfolded toxic a-syn is a primary driver of disease in synucleinopathies such as MSA and Parkinson’s disease, our third lead product candidate, PMN442, has shown robust binding to pathogenic a-syn oligomers and seeding fibrils in preclinical studies, with negligible binding to a-syn monomers and physiologic tetramers which are required for normal neuronal function.
Current wording
We are developing a pipeline of antibodies aimed at selectively targeting misfolded toxic forms of proteins that drive neurodegenerative diseases without interfering with the essential functions of the same properly folded proteins. Our product candidates are PMN310, PMN267, and PMN442. The lead product candidate is PMN310, a monoclonal antibody designed to treat AD by selectively targeting toxic, misfolded oligomers of amyloid-beta. PMN267 is our second lead product candidate targeting ALS. It has been shown in preclinical studies to selectively recognize misfolded, cytoplasmic TDP-43 aggregates without interacting with normal TDP-43. Misfolded TDP-43 is believed to play an important role in the development of ALS. In light of research suggesting that misfolded toxic alpha-synuclein (a-syn) is a primary driver of disease in synucleinopathies such as DLB and Parkinson’s disease, our third lead product candidate, PMN442, has shown robust binding to pathogenic a-syn oligomers and seeding fibrils in preclinical studies, with negligible binding to a-syn monomers and physiologic tetramers which are required for normal neuronal function.
Previous wording
We have incurred significant operating losses since inception. Our ability to generate product revenue sufficient to achieve profitability will depend heavily on the successful development and eventual commercialization of our product candidates and any future product candidates. We had an operating loss of $8.6 million and $7.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. As of March 31, 2026, we had an accumulated deficit of $138.7 million. We had negative cash flows from operations of $10.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026.
Current wording
We have incurred significant operating losses since inception. Our ability to generate product revenue sufficient to achieve profitability will depend heavily on the successful development and eventual commercialization of our product candidates and any future product candidates. We had an operating loss of $12.3 million and $10.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. We had an operating loss of $20.9 million and $17.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. As of
Previous wording
However, we expect to continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future and, if able to raise additional funding, would expect our research and development expenses, general and administrative expenses and capital expenditures to increase. In particular, if we are able to raise additional funding we expect our expenses to increase as we continue our development of, and seek regulatory approvals for, our product candidates, as well as continue and initiate new clinical trials, hire additional personnel, and pay fees to outside consultants, lawyers and accountants. In addition, if we obtain marketing approval for any product candidates, we may incur significant
Current wording
However, we expect to continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future and, if able to raise additional funding, would expect our research and development expenses, general and administrative expenses and capital expenditures to increase. In particular, if we are able to raise additional funding we expect our expenses to increase as we continue our development of, and seek regulatory approvals
Previous wording
ProMIS lead program PMN310: Potential Next Generation Therapy for Alzheimer’s Disease
Current wording
ProMIS lead program PMN310: Potential Next Generation Therapy for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)
Previous wording
PMN310, a monoclonal antibody selective for toxic amyloid-beta oligomers in AD, is our lead product candidate. We successfully completed our Phase 1a clinical trial with PMN310 and commenced our Phase 1b clinical trial (“PRECISE-AD”) in December 2024. In July 2025, PMN310 was granted Fast Track designation by the FDA. The ongoing PRECISE-AD trial is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, MAD study of PMN310 to evaluate safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics, and preliminary efficacy of multiple intravenous infusions of PMN310 in patients with early Alzheimer's disease. The study will also evaluate key biomarkers and clinical measures of efficacy to gather data on PMN310’s therapeutic potential. Enrollment in the PRECISE-AD study was completed in December 2025 with 144 subjects enrolled across 21 active sites in the United States. The subjects are dosed monthly at one of three dose levels (5, 10, 20 mg/kg) or placebo over 12 months with assessment of safety, tolerability, PK, and pharmacodynamic blood-and CSF-based biomarkers of treatment effect at baseline and every three months. Frequent MRI scans throughout the study are being conducted to monitor for any emergence of ARIA.
Current wording
PMN310, a monoclonal antibody selective for toxic amyloid-beta oligomers in AD, is our lead product candidate. We successfully completed our single ascending dose (SAD) Phase 1a clinical trial with PMN310 and commenced our Phase 1b clinical trial (“PRECISE-AD”) in December 2024. In July 2025, PMN310 was granted Fast Track designation by the FDA. The ongoing PRECISE-AD trial is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple ascending dose (MAD) study of PMN310 to evaluate safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics, and preliminary efficacy of multiple intravenous infusions of PMN310 in patients with early Alzheimer's disease. The study will also evaluate key biomarkers and clinical measures of efficacy to gather data on PMN310’s therapeutic potential. Enrollment in the PRECISE-AD study was completed in December 2025 with 144 subjects enrolled across 21 active sites in the United States. The subjects are dosed monthly at one of three dose levels (5, 10, 20 mg/kg) or placebo over 12 months with assessment of safety, tolerability, PK, and pharmacodynamic blood-and CSF-based biomarkers of treatment effect at baseline and every three months. Frequent MRI scans throughout the study are being conducted to monitor for any emergence of ARIA.
Previous wording
Safety will be a primary outcome with particular emphasis on assessing the expectation that, as a non-plaque binder, PMN310 will have a reduced risk of ARIA. The study is powered to provide 95% confidence for detection of ARIA. The study has been designed with a sample size intended to provide sufficient power to provide meaningful insight into effects of PMN310 on biomarkers and clinical outcomes. PRECISE-AD will be the first study to examine the effects of a monoclonal antibody directed solely against toxic Aβ oligomers on biomarkers associated with AD pathology and clinical outcomes.
Current wording
Safety will be a primary outcome with particular emphasis on assessing the expectation that, as a non-plaque binder, PMN310 will have a reduced risk of ARIA. The study is powered to provide 95% confidence for detection of ARIA. PRECISE-AD will be the first study to examine the effects of a monoclonal antibody directed solely against toxic Aβ oligomers on biomarkers associated with AD pathology and clinical outcomes.
Previous wording
To date, PMN310 has demonstrated a generally favorable safety profile, with limited patient discontinuations and no treatment-related serious adverse events (SAEs) reported during the trial. Based on current clinical trial patient visit schedules, we expect to complete the six-month assessments in the second quarter of 2026, with the blinded interim analysis anticipated in early third quarter 2026. Completion of all patient visits is expected in the fourth quarter of 2026, with top-line data anticipated in early 2027 following database lock and statistical analysis.
Current wording
To date, PMN310 has demonstrated a generally favorable safety profile, with no drug-related patient discontinuations and no treatment-related serious adverse events (SAEs) reported during the trial. On July 28, 2026, we reported positive blinded six-month interim safety and biomarker results from the PRECISE-AD trial. In the blinded interim analysis evaluating 136 patients, PMN310 was observed to have a favorable safety profile across all genotypes, with no ARIA-E reported as of the data cutoff date, total ARIA of 4.4% (all mild and asymptomatic, consisting only of ARIA-H), and no drug-related discontinuations or drug-related SAEs at the interim. No ARIA-E was observed in any APOE4 genotype in a population that included 61% APOE4 carriers, of which 11% were homozygotes. On a blinded basis, a majority of patients showed early movement in disease-relevant biomarkers consistent with target engagement, with declines from baseline observed for plasma pTau217 in 68.5% of patients and for CSF MTBR-tau243 in 62.5% of patients, potentially reflective of the trial’s 3:1 active-to-placebo randomization. Across the pooled population, which included all patients (both placebo and all dose cohorts), plasma pTau217 decreased by approximately 15% and CSF MTBR-tau243 by approximately 13.3% from baseline, supporting target engagement. These blinded interim biomarker observations are not a determination of efficacy and may not ultimately be reflective of clinical effects. The trial remains blinded and ongoing. Completion of all patient visits is expected in the fourth quarter of 2026, with unblinded 12-month topline data, including the full safety data set, a detailed panel of biomarkers, and cognitive outcomes, anticipated in the first quarter of 2027 following database lock and statistical analysis.
Previous wording
Expenditures for PMN310 in the three months ended March 31, 2026 were approximately $6.3 million, not including allocations of senior management time.
Current wording
Expenditures for PMN310 in the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, were approximately $7.8 million and $14.0 million, respectively, not including allocations of senior management time.
Previous wording
PMN267 has been humanized in a human IgG1 framework for IND-enabling studies to support the systemic, extracellular administration form. Development of the intrabody form would involve collaboration with a partner with expertise in viral vectorization.
Current wording
PMN267 has been humanized in a human IgG1 framework for IND-enabling studies to support the systemic, extracellular administration of the monoclonal antibody. Development of the intrabody form would involve collaboration with a partner with expertise in vectorization for intracellular delivery.
Previous wording
ProMIS has selected a novel monoclonal antibody (PMN442) as a lead candidate for Dementia with Lewy bodies and other synucleinopathies based on its selective binding and protective activity against pathogenic forms of alpha-synuclein. PMN442 has been humanized in a human IgG1 framework for advancement to IND-enabling studies.
Current wording
ProMIS has selected a novel monoclonal antibody (PMN442) as a lead candidate for Dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson’s Disease, and other synucleinopathies based on its selective binding and protective activity against pathogenic forms of alpha-synuclein. PMN442 has been humanized in a human IgG1 framework for advancement to IND-enabling studies.
Previous wording
We continue to progress with other key projects, in addition to our top priorities PMN310, PMN267, and PMN442. With respect to the amyloid vaccine program, mouse studies have provided data guiding the development of an AD vaccine against toxic Aβ oligomers leading to the selection of a lead candidate, PMN311, consisting of a dominant conformational peptide epitope conjugated to a carrier protein in formulation with an adjuvant. Mouse vaccination studies with a-syn vaccine candidates utilizing our peptide antigens to target pathogenic a-syn enabled the selection of our lead vaccine candidate, PMN400, against multiple synucleinopathies including MSA, Parkinson’s disease and Lewy body dementia. Assessment of the protective activity of the vaccine in mouse models of synucleinopathies is ongoing. Similarly, a vaccine candidate comprising a misfolded TDP-43 epitope (PMN260) has shown robust immunogenicity in mouse vaccination studies.
Current wording
We continue to progress with other key projects, in addition to our top priorities PMN310, PMN267, and PMN442. With respect to the amyloid vaccine program, mouse studies have provided data guiding the development of an AD vaccine against toxic Aβ oligomers leading to the selection of a lead candidate, PMN311, consisting of a dominant conformational peptide epitope conjugated to a carrier protein in formulation with an adjuvant. Mouse vaccination studies with a-syn vaccine candidates utilizing our peptide antigens to target pathogenic a-syn enabled the selection of our lead vaccine candidate, PMN440, against multiple synucleinopathies including DLB, Parkinson’s disease and multiple system atrophy. Assessment of the protective activity of the vaccine in mouse models of synucleinopathies is ongoing. Similarly, a vaccine candidate comprising a misfolded TDP-43 epitope (PMN260) has shown robust immunogenicity in mouse vaccination studies.
Previous wording
We have not generated any revenue since our inception and do not expect to generate any revenue from the sale of our products in the near future, if at all. If our product candidates are successful and result in marketing approval or if we enter into collaboration or license agreements with third parties, we may generate revenue in the future from a combination of product sales or payments from such collaboration or license agreements.
Current wording
We have not generated any revenue since our inception and do not expect to generate any revenue from the sale of our products in the near future, if at all. If our product candidates are successful and result in marketing approval or if we enter into collaboration or license
Previous wording
We enter into consulting, research, and other agreements with commercial entities, researchers, universities, and others for the provision of goods and services. Such arrangements are generally cancelable upon reasonable notice and payment of costs incurred. Costs are considered incurred based on an evaluation of the progress to completion of specific tasks under each contract using information and data provided by the respective vendors, including our clinical sites. These costs consist of direct and indirect costs associated with our
Current wording
We enter into consulting, research, and other agreements with commercial entities, researchers, universities, and others for the provision of goods and services. Such arrangements are generally cancelable upon reasonable notice and payment of costs incurred. Costs are considered incurred based on an evaluation of the progress to completion of specific tasks under each contract using information and data provided by the respective vendors, including our clinical sites. These costs consist of direct and indirect costs associated with our platform technologies, as well as fees paid to various entities that perform certain research on our behalf. Depending upon the timing of payments to the service providers, we recognize prepaid expenses or accrued expenses related to these costs. These accrued or prepaid expenses are based on management’s estimates of the work performed under service agreements, milestones achieved, and experience with similar contracts. We monitor each of these factors and adjust estimates accordingly.
Previous wording
General and administrative expenses decreased by $0.3 million, or 16%, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025. Employee salaries and benefits decreased by $0.3 million due to the recognition of $0.5 million in severance costs during the three months ended March 31, 2025, offset by additional employees in the three months ended March 31, 2026. Share-based compensation expense decreased by $0.1 million, offset by a $0.1 million increase in patent expense.
Current wording
Research and development expenses increased by $2.3 million, or 16%, for the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025. This increase is largely attributable to a $1.3 million increase in direct research and development expenses related to the PMN310 phase 1b trial, due to full activity in the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to gradually increasing activity in the six months ended June 30, 2025. Employee salaries and benefits increased by $0.9 million due to bonus expense in the six months ended June 30, 2026. Share-based compensation increased by $0.1 million and consulting expense decreased by $0.1 million.
Previous wording
Research and development expenses increased by $1.5 million, or 28%, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025. This increase was due to increased activity in the ongoing PMN310 phase 1b trial in the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025. Consulting expense decreased by $0.1 million.
Current wording
Research and development expenses increased by $0.8 million, or 9%, for the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025. This increase is attributable to a $0.8 million increase in employee salaries and benefits due to bonus expense in the three months ended June 30, 2026. Direct research and development costs decreased by $0.2 million as subjects continued to complete the PMN310 phase 1b trial in the three months ended June 30, 2026. Share-based compensation increased by $0.1 million.
Previous wording
Other income increased by $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025, due to higher interest income from higher cash balances.
Current wording
Other income increased by $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025 due to higher interest income from higher cash balances.
Previous wording
We are a development stage company as we have not generated revenues to date and do not expect to have significant revenues until we are able to sell a product candidate after obtaining applicable regulatory approvals or we establish collaborations that provide funding, such as licensing fees, milestone payments, royalties, research funding or otherwise. Operations have been financed since inception, through the sale of equity and debt securities and the conversion of Common Share purchase warrants and share options. Our objectives, when managing capital, are to ensure there are sufficient funds available to carry out our research, development and eventual commercialization programs. When we have excess funds, we manage our liquidity risk by investing in highly liquid corporate and government bonds with staggered maturities to provide regular cash flow for current operations. We do not hold any asset-backed commercial paper and our cash is not subject to any external restrictions. We also manage liquidity risk by frequently monitoring actual and projected cash flows. The Board reviews and approves the Company’s operating and capital budgets, as well as any material transactions not in the ordinary course of business. The majority of our accounts payable and accrued liabilities have maturities of less
Current wording
We are a development stage company as we have not generated revenues to date and do not expect to have significant revenues until we are able to sell a product candidate after obtaining applicable regulatory approvals or we establish collaborations that provide funding, such as licensing fees, milestone payments, royalties, research funding or otherwise. Operations have been financed since inception, through the sale of equity and debt securities and the conversion of Common Share purchase warrants and share options. Our objectives, when managing capital, are to ensure there are sufficient funds available to carry out our research, development and eventual commercialization programs. When we have excess funds, we manage our liquidity risk by investing in highly liquid corporate and government bonds with staggered maturities to provide regular cash flow for current operations. We do not hold any asset-backed commercial paper and our cash is not subject to any external restrictions. We also manage liquidity risk by frequently monitoring actual and projected cash flows. The Board reviews and approves the Company’s operating and capital budgets, as well as any material transactions not in the ordinary course of business. The majority of our accounts payable and accrued liabilities have maturities of less than three months. We are dependent on our ability to generate revenues from our products or secure additional financing in order to continue our research and development activities and meet our ongoing obligations and existing liabilities.
Previous wording
We incurred a net loss of $8.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, reported an accumulated deficit of $138.7 million as of March 31, 2026, and had negative cash flows from operations of $12.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026. In January 2026, we received net proceeds of $70.1 million from the sale of Common Shares, Common Share warrants, and pre-funded warrants to purchase Common Shares to external investors and certain of our directors and management in a private placement. Refer to additional discussion in Note 6. Based on our current operating plan, we expect that our existing cash, including the proceeds from January 2026, will be sufficient to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements through 2027. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could exhaust our available capital resources sooner than we expect, including based on our decision to initiate other clinical trials or programs.
Current wording
We incurred net losses of $11.7 million and $20.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, reported an accumulated deficit of $150.4 million as of June 30, 2026, and had negative cash flows from operations of $22.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026. In January 2026, we received net proceeds of $70.1 million from the sale of Common Shares, Common Share warrants, and pre-funded warrants to purchase Common Shares to external investors and certain of our directors and management in a private placement. Refer to additional discussion in Note 6. Based on our current operating plan, we expect that our existing cash, including the proceeds from January 2026, will be sufficient to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements through 2027. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could exhaust our available capital resources sooner than we expect, including based on our decision to initiate other clinical trials or programs.
Previous wording
Additional funding will be necessary to fund future clinical activities and to pay down our existing liabilities. We will seek additional funding through public and private financings, debt financings, collaboration agreements, strategic alliances and licensing agreements. Although we have been successful in raising capital in the past, changing macroeconomic factors including, but not limited to, rising interest rates, uncertainties in the banking industry and inflation have diminished certain opportunities to obtain funding in the current market environment. There is no assurance of success in obtaining such additional financing on terms acceptable to us, if at all, and there is no assurance that we will be able to enter into collaborations or other arrangements. If we are unable to obtain funding, it could force us to delay, reduce or eliminate research and development programs and product portfolio expansion or commercialization efforts. These potential delays, reductions and eliminations could adversely affect future business prospects, and our ability to continue as a going concern.
Current wording
Additional funding will be necessary to fund future clinical activities and to pay our existing liabilities. We will seek additional funding through public and private financings, debt financings, collaboration agreements, strategic alliances and licensing agreements. Although we have been successful in raising capital in the past, changing macroeconomic factors including, but not limited to, rising interest rates, uncertainties in the banking industry and inflation have diminished certain opportunities to obtain funding in the current market environment. There is no assurance of success in obtaining such additional financing on terms acceptable to us, if at all, and there is no assurance that we will be able to enter into collaborations or other arrangements. If we are unable to obtain funding, it could force us to delay, reduce or eliminate research and development programs and product portfolio expansion or commercialization efforts. These potential delays, reductions and eliminations could adversely affect future business prospects, and our ability to continue as a going concern.
Previous wording
Cash used in operating activities was $4.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, which consisted of a net loss of $7.3 million, decreased by share-based compensation of $0.2 million and a net change of $2.2 million in our operating assets and liabilities. Changes in cash flows related to operating assets and liabilities primarily consisted of an increase of $2.4 million of accrued liabilities and a decrease of $0.3 million of prepaid expenses, offset by a decrease of $0.5 million of accounts payable.
Current wording
Cash used in operating activities was $22.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026, which consisted of a net loss of $20.0 million, decreased by share-based compensation of $0.6 million and increased by a net change of $3.4 million in our operating assets and liabilities. Changes in cash flows related to operating assets and liabilities primarily consisted of a decrease of $2.4 million in accrued liabilities, a decrease of $0.8 million in accounts payable, and an increase of $0.2 million in prepaid expenses.
Previous wording
Cash used in operating activities was $12.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, which consisted of a net loss of $8.2 million, decreased by share-based compensation of $0.2 million, and a net change of $4.3 million in our operating assets and liabilities. Changes in cash flows related to operating assets and liabilities primarily consisted of a decrease of $3.0 million of accrued liabilities, a decrease of $0.8 million of accounts payable and an increase of $0.5 million of prepaid expenses and other assets.
Current wording
Cash used in operating activities was $8.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025, which consisted of a net loss of $17.5 million, decreased by share-based compensation of $0.5 million and a net change of $8.2 million in our operating assets and liabilities. Changes in cash flows related to operating assets and liabilities primarily consisted of an increase of $6.6 million in accrued liabilities, an increase of $1.0 million in accounts payable, and a decrease of $0.6 million in prepaid expenses.
Previous wording
Cash provided by financing activities was $70.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, which consisted of net proceeds from the January 2026 PIPE.
Current wording
Cash provided by financing activities was $70.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026, which consisted of net proceeds from the January 2026 PIPE.
Previous wording
There was no cash provided by financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Current wording
There was no cash provided by financing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2025.
Previous wording
The number of issued and outstanding Common Share Equivalents as of March 31, 2026 was as follows:
Current wording
The number of issued and outstanding Common Shares and Common Share Equivalents as of June 30, 2026 was as follows:
Rearranged current paragraphs (7)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
June 30, 2026, we had an accumulated deficit of $150.4 million. We had negative cash flows from operations of $22.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
for, our product candidates, as well as continue and initiate new clinical trials, hire additional personnel, and pay fees to outside consultants, lawyers and accountants. In addition, if we obtain marketing approval for any product candidates, we may incur significant commercialization expenses related to product manufacturing, marketing, sales and distribution. We may also incur expenses in connection with the in-licensing or acquisition of additional product candidates.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
agreements with third parties, we may generate revenue in the future from a combination of product sales or payments from such collaboration or license agreements.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Other income increased by $0.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025 due to higher interest income from higher cash balances.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
The following table summarizes our results of operations for the periods presented:
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
The following table summarizes the period-over-period changes in research and development expenses for the periods presented:
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
The following table summarizes the period-over-period changes in general and administrative expenses for the periods presented:
Rearranged previous paragraphs (3)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
commercialization expenses related to product manufacturing, marketing, sales and distribution. We may also incur expenses in connection with the in-licensing or acquisition of additional product candidates.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
platform technologies, as well as fees paid to various entities that perform certain research on our behalf. Depending upon the timing of payments to the service providers, we recognize prepaid expenses or accrued expenses related to these costs. These accrued or prepaid expenses are based on management’s estimates of the work performed under service agreements, milestones achieved, and experience with similar contracts. We monitor each of these factors and adjust estimates accordingly.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
than three months. We are dependent on our ability to generate revenues from our products or secure additional financing in order to continue our research and development activities and meet our ongoing obligations and existing liabilities.