RLI CORP

Previous wording

Forward looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 appear throughout this report. These forward looking statements generally include words such as “expect,” “predict,” “estimate,” “will,” “should,” “anticipate,” “believe” and similar expressions. Such assumptions are, in turn, based on information available and internal estimates and analyses of general economic conditions, competitive factors, conditions specific to the property and casualty insurance, reinsurance and surety industries, claims development and the impact thereof on our loss reserves, the adequacy and financial security of our reinsurance programs, developments in the securities market and the impact on our investment portfolio, regulatory changes and conditions and other factors. These assumptions are subject to various risks, uncertainties and other factors, including, without limitation those set forth in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” within the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 and Part II within this report. Actual results could differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, these forward looking statements. Forward looking statements reflect the Company’s expectations, plans or forecasts of future events and views as of the date of this report. While the Company may elect to update these forward looking statements at some point in the future, the Company specifically disclaims any obligation to do so. You should review the various risks, uncertainties and other factors listed from time to time in our Securities and Exchange Commission filings.

Current wording

assumptions are subject to various risks, uncertainties and other factors, including, without limitation those set forth in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” within the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 and Part II within this report. Actual results could differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, these forward looking statements. Forward looking statements reflect the Company’s expectations, plans or forecasts of future events and views as of the date of this report. While the Company may elect to update these forward looking statements at some point in the future, the Company specifically disclaims any obligation to do so. You should review the various risks, uncertainties and other factors listed from time to time in our Securities and Exchange Commission filings.

Previous wording

needs. We hire underwriters and claim examiners with deep expertise and provide exceptional customer service and support. We maintain a highly diverse product portfolio and underwrite for profit in all market conditions. In 2024, we achieved our 29th consecutive year of underwriting profitability. Over the 29-year period, we averaged an 88.1 combined ratio. This drives our ability to provide shareholder returns in three different ways: the underwriting income itself, net investment income from our investment portfolio and long-term appreciation in our equity portfolio.

Current wording

RLI Corp. is a U.S.-based, specialty insurance company that underwrites select property, casualty and surety products through three major subsidiaries. Our focus is on niche markets and developing unique products that are tailored to customers’ needs. We hire underwriters and claim examiners with deep expertise and provide exceptional customer service and support. We maintain a highly diverse product portfolio and underwrite for profit in all market conditions. In 2025, we achieved our 30th consecutive year of underwriting profitability. Over the 30-year period, we averaged an 87.9 combined ratio. This drives our ability to provide shareholder returns in three different ways: the underwriting income itself, net investment income from our investment portfolio and long-term appreciation in our equity portfolio.

Previous wording

We measure the results of our insurance operations by monitoring growth and profitability across three distinct business segments: property, casualty and surety. Growth is measured in terms of gross premiums written, and profitability is analyzed through underwriting income and combined ratios.

Current wording

We measure the results of our insurance operations by monitoring growth and profitability across three distinct business segments: casualty, property and surety. Growth is measured in terms of gross premiums written, and profitability is analyzed through underwriting income and combined ratios.

Previous wording

The property and casualty insurance business is cyclical and influenced by many factors, including price competition, economic conditions, natural or man-made disasters (for example, earthquakes, hurricanes, pandemics and terrorism), interest rates, state regulations, court decisions and changes in the law. One of the unique and challenging features of the property and casualty insurance business is that coverages must be priced before costs have fully developed, because premiums are charged before claims are incurred. This requires that liabilities be estimated and recorded in recognition of future loss and settlement obligations. Due to the inherent uncertainty in estimating these liabilities, there can be no assurance that actual liabilities will equal recorded amounts. If actual liabilities differ from recorded amounts, there will either be an adverse or favorable effect on net earnings.

Current wording

The property and casualty insurance business is cyclical and influenced by many factors, including price competition, economic conditions, natural or man-made disasters (for example, earthquakes, hurricanes, pandemics and terrorism), interest rates, state regulations, court decisions, changes in the law and evolving technologies. One of the unique and challenging features of the property and casualty insurance business is that coverages must be priced before costs have fully developed, because premiums are charged before claims are incurred. This requires that liabilities be estimated and recorded in recognition of future loss and settlement obligations. Due to the inherent uncertainty in estimating these liabilities, there can be no assurance that actual liabilities will equal recorded amounts. If actual liabilities differ from recorded amounts, there will either be an adverse or favorable effect on net earnings.

Previous wording

The surety segment specializes in writing small to medium-sized contract surety coverages, including payment and performance bonds. We offer a variety of commercial surety bonds for medium to large-sized businesses across a broad spectrum of industries, including the financial, healthcare, energy and renewable energy industries. We also offer a variety of transactional bonds, including but not limited to license and permit, notary and court bonds. Often, our surety coverages involve a statutory requirement for bonds. While these bonds typically maintain a relatively low loss ratio, losses may fluctuate due to adverse economic conditions affecting the financial viability of our insureds. The contract surety product guarantees commercial contractors’ contractual obligations for a specific construction project. Generally, losses occur due to the deterioration of a contractor’s financial condition.

Current wording

The surety segment specializes in writing small to medium-sized contract surety coverages, including payment and performance bonds. We offer a variety of commercial surety bonds for medium to large-sized businesses across a broad spectrum of industries, including the home builders, financial, healthcare, energy and renewable energy industries. We also offer a variety of transactional bonds, including but not limited to license and permit, notary and court bonds. Often, our surety coverages involve a statutory requirement for bonds. While these bonds typically maintain a relatively low loss ratio, losses may fluctuate due to adverse economic conditions affecting the financial viability of our insureds. The contract surety product guarantees commercial contractors’ contractual obligations for a specific construction project. Generally, losses occur due to the deterioration of a contractor’s financial condition.

Previous wording

The insurance marketplace is competitive across all of our segments. However, we believe that our business model is built to create underwriting income by focusing on sound risk selection and discipline. Our primary focus will continue to be on underwriting profitability, with a secondary focus on premium growth where we believe underwriting profit exists, as opposed to general premium growth or market share measurements.

Current wording

The insurance marketplace is competitive across all of our segments. However, we believe that our business model is built to create underwriting income by focusing on sound risk selection and discipline. Our primary focus will continue to be

Previous wording

earnings but are not subtotaled. However, this information is available in total and by segment in note 6 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, and in note 11 to the consolidated financial statements in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K, regarding operating segment information. The nearest comparable GAAP measure is earnings before income taxes which, in addition to underwriting income, includes net investment income, net realized gains or losses, net unrealized gains or losses on equity securities, general corporate expenses, debt costs and our portion of earnings from unconsolidated investees. A reconciliation of net earnings to underwriting income follows:

Current wording

Underwriting income or profit represents one measure of the pretax profitability of our insurance operations, and is derived by subtracting losses and settlement expenses, policy acquisition costs and insurance operating expenses from net premiums earned, which are all GAAP financial measures. Each of these components are presented in the statements of earnings but are not subtotaled. However, this information is available in total and by segment in note 7 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, and in note 11 to the consolidated financial statements in our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K, regarding operating segment information. The nearest comparable GAAP measure is earnings before income taxes which, in addition to underwriting income, includes net investment income, net realized gains or losses, net unrealized gains or losses on equity securities, general corporate expenses, debt costs and our portion of earnings from unconsolidated investees. A reconciliation of net earnings to underwriting income follows:

Previous wording

Net premiums earned increased 7 percent, driven primarily by products in our casualty and surety segments. Investment income was up 13 percent, due to an increased average asset base and higher reinvestment rates. Positive market performance resulted in $43 million of unrealized gains on equity securities in the first nine months of 2025, compared to $87 million in 2024. Realized gains during the first nine months of 2025 were comprised of $45 million of realized gains on equity securities, primarily due to rebalancing within our equity strategies, $2 million of realized gains on the fixed income portfolio and $1 million of other realized gains. This compares to $20 million of realized gains on the equity portfolio, $3 million of realized losses on the fixed income portfolio and $6 million of other realized losses during the first nine months of 2024.

Current wording

Net premiums earned increased 3 percent, driven primarily by products in our casualty segment. Investment income was up 15 percent, reflecting an increased average asset base and higher reinvestment rates. Market declines resulted in $39 million of unrealized losses on equity securities in the first three months of 2026, compared to $42 million of unrealized losses for the same period in 2025. Realized gains in 2026 included $10 million of realized gains on equity securities, primarily due to rebalancing within our equity strategies, and less than $1 million of realized losses on fixed income securities. This compares to $15 million of realized gains on equity securities and less than $1 million of realized losses on fixed income securities during the first three months of 2025.

Previous wording

Underwriting income was $193 million on an 84.0 combined ratio for the first nine months of 2025, compared to $188 million on an 83.3 combined ratio in the same period of 2024. Underwriting results for 2025 were impacted by $26 million of pretax losses from catastrophe events, compared to $67 million in 2024. Results for each period benefited from favorable development on prior years’ loss reserves, which provided additional pretax earnings of $74 million in the first nine months of 2025, compared to $85 million in 2024.

Current wording

Underwriting income was $58 million on an 86.0 combined ratio for the first three months of 2026, compared to $71 million on an 82.3 combined ratio in the same period of 2025. Underwriting results for 2026 were impacted by $16 million of pretax catastrophe losses, compared to $12 million in 2025. Results for each period benefited from favorable development on prior years’ loss reserves, which provided additional pretax earnings of $35 million in the first three months of 2026, compared to $31 million in 2025.

Previous wording

The loss ratio was 45.5 for the first nine months of 2025 and 2024. The benefit of lower catastrophe losses was offset by lower levels of favorable development on prior years’ loss reserves and a shift in the mix of business towards casualty lines, which tend to have higher non-catastrophe loss ratios than our property and surety products. The expense ratio increased to 38.5 from 37.8. Increased expenses were driven by continued investments in people and technology, as well as higher acquisition-related costs, which can fluctuate between periods.

Current wording

The loss ratio was 47.0 for the first three months of 2026, compared to 44.5 in 2025. The benefit of higher levels of favorable development on prior years’ loss reserves was offset by higher catastrophe losses and a shift in the mix of business towards casualty lines, which tend to have higher non-catastrophe loss ratios than our property and surety products. The expense ratio increased to 39.0 from 37.8. Increased expenses were primarily related to continued investments in people and technology.

Previous wording

Our equity in earnings of unconsolidated investees primarily relates to our investment in Prime Holdings Insurance Services, Inc. (Prime), a specialty insurance company. We recognized $7 million of investee earnings from Prime in the first nine months of 2025 and $8 million in 2024.

Current wording

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated investees relates to our investment in Prime Holdings Insurance Services, Inc. (Prime), a specialty insurance company. We recognized $2 million of investee earnings from Prime in the first three months of 2026, compared to $3 million in 2025.

Previous wording

Net earnings for the first nine months of 2025 totaled $312 million, compared to $305 million for the same period in 2024. Higher levels of underwriting income, investment income and realized gains all contributed to the improved results.

Current wording

Net earnings for the first three months of 2026 totaled $55 million, compared to $63 million for the same period in 2025. The decrease was due to lower levels of underwriting income, partially offset by higher investment income.

Previous wording

Comprehensive earnings totaled $389 million for the first nine months of 2025, compared to $365 million for the first nine months of 2024. Other comprehensive earnings primarily included net after-tax unrealized gains (losses) from the fixed income portfolio. Other comprehensive earnings of $76 million in the first nine months of 2025 was primarily attributable to lower interest rates, which increased the fair value of securities held in the fixed income portfolio. Comparatively, $60 million of other comprehensive earnings was recognized in 2024.

Current wording

Comprehensive earnings totaled $30 million for the first three months of 2026, compared to $93 million for the first three months of 2025. Other comprehensive earnings (loss) primarily included net after-tax unrealized gains (losses) from the fixed income portfolio. Other comprehensive loss of $25 million in the first three months of 2026 was primarily attributable to rising interest rates, which decreased the fair value of securities held in the fixed income portfolio. Comparatively, $30 million of other comprehensive earnings was recognized in 2025.

Previous wording

Gross premiums written increased $24 million for the first nine months of 2025, compared to the same period of 2024, primarily from our casualty segment. Net premiums earned increased $79 million, also driven by our casualty segment.

Current wording

Gross premiums written increased $13 million for the first three months of 2026, driven by growth within our casualty segment and reflecting favorable rate movement. Net premiums earned increased $13 million, also driven by our casualty segment and consistent with the growth in gross premiums written.

Previous wording

Gross premiums written for the casualty segment increased $76 million in the first nine months of 2025. We continued to benefit from positive rate movement across a large portion of our casualty segment, as well as from new business growth within our personal umbrella distribution channels. Premium growth for commercial excess and general liability was driven by expanded marketing efforts, while some of our competitors pulled back from the construction market, and increased construction spending in targeted markets. Other casualty premium was down for the first nine months of 2025, as we exited from various captive programs and reduced our participation on the reinsurance agreement with Prime.

Current wording

Gross premiums written for the casualty segment increased $29 million in the first three months of 2026. We continued to benefit from positive rate movement across a large portion of our casualty segment. Personal umbrella continued expansion of its distribution base, while our commercial transportation business benefited from some other carriers reducing their appetite. The decline in general liability premium was the result of slower construction activity within our targeted market for the year, which created a challenging environment to write business on new projects. Other casualty premium declined due to increased competition in our binding authority group and our decision to no longer participate in the reinsurance agreement with Prime.

Previous wording

Gross premiums written for the surety segment increased $1 million in the first nine months of 2025. Transactional and commercial surety grew as result of continued marketing efforts and new regional bonding requirements. However, a slowdown in construction spending resulted in a decline in contract surety premium.

Current wording

Gross premiums written for the surety segment decreased by less than $1 million in the first three months of 2026. Transactional and contract surety grew as a result of continued marketing efforts. However, slowdowns in various sectors led to declines in commercial surety.

Previous wording

The casualty segment recorded underwriting income of $15 million in the first nine months of 2025, compared to $27 million for the same period last year. Prior accident years’ reserve releases reduced loss and settlement expenses for the casualty segment by $28 million in 2025, primarily on accident years 2019 through 2022 and 2024. Larger drivers of the favorable development were commercial excess, general liability and subsegments within professional liability, while auto liability exposures developed adversely for some products, most notably in commercial transportation. In comparison, $42 million of prior accident years’ reserves were released in the first nine months of 2024. Commercial excess, general liability, professional services, executive products and personal umbrella drove the favorable development in 2024. Storm losses on casualty-oriented package policies that include property coverage resulted in $2 million of losses in 2025 and $3 million in 2024.

Current wording

The casualty segment recorded underwriting income of $7 million in the first three months of 2026, compared to $2 million for the same period last year. Prior accident years’ reserve releases reduced loss and settlement expenses for the casualty segment by $14 million in 2026, primarily related to accident years 2018, 2019, 2021, 2022 and 2025. Larger drivers of the favorable development were executive products, professional services and commercial transportation, while personal umbrella experienced some adverse development. In comparison, $5 million of prior accident years’ reserves were released in the first three months of 2025. Commercial excess, general liability and subsegments within professional liability drove the favorable development, while commercial transportation and personal umbrella had adverse development related to auto exposures in 2025. Storm losses on casualty-oriented package policies that include property coverage resulted in $2 million of losses in 2026 and less than $1 million in 2025.

Previous wording

The combined ratio for the surety segment totaled 80.5 for the first nine months of 2025 and 2024. The segment’s loss ratio was 7.0 in 2025, down from 9.0 in 2024, due to higher levels of favorable prior accident years’ reserve development. The expense ratio was 73.5, up from 71.5 in the prior year, due to continued investments in people and technology, higher acquisition expenses, as well as differences in our reinsurance costs.

Current wording

The combined ratio for the casualty segment was 97.1 in 2026, compared to 99.1 in 2025. The segment’s loss ratio was 61.5 in 2026, down from 63.7 in 2025, primarily due to higher levels of favorable prior accident years’ reserve development. The expense ratio for the casualty segment was 35.6, up from 35.4 for the same period last year.

Previous wording

The property segment recorded underwriting income of $157 million for the first nine months of 2025, compared to $141 million for the same period last year. Underwriting results for 2025 included $32 million of favorable development on prior years’ loss and catastrophe reserves, offset by $24 million of storm and other catastrophe losses. Comparatively, the 2024 underwriting results included $33 million of favorable development on prior years’ loss and catastrophe reserves, $35 million of losses from Hurricanes Beryl and Helene, as well as $28 million of other storm losses.

Current wording

The property segment recorded underwriting income of $48 million for the first three months of 2026, compared to $57 million for the same period last year. Underwriting results for 2026 included $21 million of favorable development on prior years’ loss and catastrophe reserves, offset by $14 million of storm losses. Comparatively, results for 2025 included $18 million of favorable development on prior years’ loss and catastrophe reserves and $12 million of storm and other catastrophe losses.

Previous wording

Underwriting results for the first nine months of 2025 translated into a combined ratio of 59.8, compared to 64.4 for the same period last year. The segment’s loss ratio was 26.7 in 2025, down from 34.0 in 2024, as a result of lower current accident year catastrophe losses. The segment’s expense ratio increased to 33.1 in 2025 from 30.4 in the prior year, as a result of continued investments in people and technology, as well as higher acquisition-related expenses, which can fluctuate between periods.

Current wording

Underwriting results for the first three months of 2026 resulted in a combined ratio of 61.9, compared to 57.1 for the same period last year. The segment’s loss ratio was 26.8 in 2026, up from 24.7 in 2025, as larger catastrophe losses and slightly higher attritional, non-catastrophe losses on a lower earned premium base were partially offset by increased favorable development on prior accident years. The segment’s expense ratio increased to 35.1 in 2026 from 32.4 in the prior year, as a result of continued investments in people and technology on a lower earned premium base.

Previous wording

The surety segment recorded underwriting income of $6 million for the third quarter of 2025, compared to $8 million for the same period last year. Results for 2025 and 2024 included favorable development on prior accident years’ reserves, which decreased loss and settlement expenses for the segment by $3 million in each period.

Current wording

The surety segment recorded underwriting income of $2 million for the first three months of 2026, compared to $12 million for the same period last year. Results for 2026 included favorable development on prior accident years’ reserves, which decreased loss and settlement expenses for the segment by less than $1 million, compared to $8 million in 2025.

Previous wording

The combined ratio for the surety segment totaled 85.0 for the third quarter of 2025, compared to 78.8 for the same period in 2024. The segment’s loss ratio was 11.4 in 2025, up from 8.7 in 2024, due to slightly lower favorable development on prior accident years and a higher earned premium base. The expense ratio was 73.6, up from 70.1 in the prior year, due to continued investments in people and technology, as well as higher acquisition expenses.

Current wording

The combined ratio for the surety segment totaled 93.7 for the first three months of 2026, compared to 68.5 for the same period last year. The segment’s loss ratio was 18.0 in 2026, up from (3.6) in 2025, due to lower levels of favorable prior accident years’ reserve development. The expense ratio was 75.7, up from 72.1 in the prior year, due to continued investments in people and technology, as well as higher acquisition expenses, which can fluctuate between periods.

Previous wording

Our investment portfolio generated net investment income of $117 million during the first nine months of 2025, an increase of 13 percent from the same period in 2024. The increase in investment income was due to higher reinvestment rates, as well as an increased average asset base relative to the prior year.

Current wording

Our investment portfolio generated net investment income of $42 million during the first three months of 2026, an increase of 15 percent from the same period in 2025. The increase in investment income was due to higher reinvestment rates, as well as an increased average asset base relative to the prior year.

Previous wording

Yields on our fixed income investments for the first nine months of 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

Current wording

Yields on our fixed income investments for the first three months of 2026 and 2025 were as follows:

Previous wording

The fixed income portfolio increased by $361 million in the first nine months of 2025, as bonds rallied and cash flows were largely allocated to the fixed income portfolio. Average fixed income duration was 4.8 years at September 30, 2025, reflecting our liability structure and sound capital position. The equity portfolio increased by $143 million during the first nine months of 2025, primarily due to strength in the equity markets. Short-term investments increased by $91 million, as yields on AAA-rated government money market funds remained relatively attractive.

Current wording

The fixed income portfolio decreased by $5 million in the first three months of 2026, as interest rates increased causing the fair value of bonds to decline. Average fixed income duration was 4.7 years at March 31, 2026, reflecting our liability structure and sound capital position. The equity portfolio decreased by $34 million during the first three months of 2026, due to negative performance in the equity markets. Proceeds from debt issuance were invested into short-term securities, increasing the short-term investment portfolio by $266 million.

Previous wording

Our effective tax rate for the first nine months of 2025 was 20.4 percent, compared to 19.8 percent for the same period in 2024. Effective rates are dependent upon components of pretax earnings or losses and the related tax effects. The effective tax rate was higher for the nine-month period in 2025 due to lower levels of tax-favored adjustments, such as tax credits and excess tax benefits on share-based compensation, and higher levels of pretax income, which decreased the percentage impact of the tax-favored adjustments.

Current wording

Our effective tax rate for the first three months of 2026 was 18.5 percent, compared to 19.6 percent for the same period in 2025. Effective rates are dependent upon components of pretax earnings or losses and the related tax effects. The decrease in the effective tax rate for the three-month period in 2026 was primarily due to higher levels of tax credit utilization.

Previous wording

The following table summarizes cash flows provided by (used in) our activities for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:

Current wording

The following table summarizes cash flows provided by (used in) our activities for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:

Previous wording

Premiums received from customers are our largest source of cash and claim payments on insured losses represent our largest use of cash. Cash flows from operating activities can vary among periods due to the timing in which these payments are made or received. Operating cash flows in the first nine months of 2025 benefited from increased premium and investment income receipts relative to the first nine months of 2024.

Current wording

Premiums received from customers are our largest source of cash, while claim payments on insured losses represent our largest use of cash. Cash flows from operating activities may vary between periods due to the timing of these receipts and payments. Operating cash flows decreased in the first three months of 2026 compared to the same period in 2025, primarily due to higher loss and settlement expense payments, the purchase of tax credits applied against federal income taxes incurred in 2025, and higher bonus and profit-sharing contributions paid in the current period. The increase in incentive compensation reflects improved financial performance in 2025. These decreases were partially offset by higher gross premium and investment income receipts, as well as lower reinsurance costs.

Previous wording

As of September 30, 2025, we had $100 million in debt outstanding. On September 15, 2023, we accessed $50 million from our revolving line of credit with PNC Bank, N.A. (PNC). The borrowing may be repaid at any time and carries an adjustable interest rate of 5.76 percent, which will reset during the fourth quarter of 2025. The credit facility with PNC was entered into during the first quarter of 2023 and replaced the previous $60 million facility with Bank of Montreal, Chicago Branch, which expired on March 27, 2023. The line of credit permits us to borrow up to an aggregate principal amount of $100 million, but may be increased up to an aggregate principal amount of $130 million under certain conditions. The facility has a three-year term that expires on May 29, 2026. Further, RLI Insurance Company borrowed $50 million from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago (FHLBC) on November 12, 2024. The borrowing matures on November 12, 2025. Interest is paid monthly at an annualized rate of 4.44 percent.

Current wording

RLI Insurance Company also borrowed $50 million from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago (FHLBC) on November 12, 2025, which replaced the $50 million borrowed in 2024. The borrowing matures on November 12, 2026, but may be repaid early at set quarterly dates. Interest is paid monthly at an annualized rate of 4.21 percent.

Previous wording

liquidity via a secured lending facility. Our membership allows each insurance subsidiary to determine tenor and structure at the time of borrowing. As of September 30, 2025, $55 million of investments were pledged as collateral with the FHLBC to ensure timely access to the secured lending facility.

Current wording

Two of our insurance companies, RLI Insurance Company (RLI Ins.) and Mt. Hawley Insurance Company, are members of the FHLBC. Membership in the Federal Home Loan Bank system provides both companies access to an additional source of liquidity via a secured lending facility. Our membership allows each insurance subsidiary to determine tenor and structure at the time of borrowing. As of March 31, 2026, $52 million of investments were pledged as collateral with the FHLBC to ensure timely access to the secured lending facility.

Previous wording

As of September 30, 2025, we had cash and other investments maturing within one year of approximately $485 million and an additional $765 million maturing between one to five years. Whereas our strategy is to be fully invested at all times, short-term investments in excess of demand deposit balances are considered a component of investment activities, and thus are classified as investments in our consolidated balance sheets.

Current wording

As of March 31, 2026, we had cash and other investments maturing within one year of approximately $635 million and an additional $786 million maturing between one to five years. Whereas our strategy is to be fully invested at all times, short-term investments in excess of demand deposit balances are considered a component of investment activities, and thus are classified as investments in our consolidated balance sheets.

Previous wording

We maintain a diversified investment portfolio representing policyholder funds that have not yet been paid out as claims, as well as the capital we hold for our shareholders. Invested assets at September 30, 2025 have increased $606 million from December 31, 2024. As of September 30, 2025, our investment portfolio had the following asset allocation breakdown:

Current wording

We maintain a diversified investment portfolio representing policyholder funds that have not yet been paid out as claims, as well as the capital we hold for our shareholders. Invested assets at March 31, 2026 have increased $226 million from December 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2026, our investment portfolio had the following asset allocation breakdown:

Previous wording

As of September 30, 2025, our fixed income portfolio remained well diversified, with 1,929 individual issues.

Current wording

As of March 31, 2026, our fixed income portfolio remained well diversified, with 1,931 individual issues.

Previous wording

Our investment portfolio has limited exposure to structured asset-backed securities. As of September 30, 2025, we had $304 million in ABS, which are pools of assets collateralized by cash flows from several types of loans, including home equity, credit cards, autos and structured bank loans in the form of collateralized loan obligations (CLOs).

Current wording

Our investment portfolio has limited exposure to structured asset-backed securities. As of March 31, 2026, we had $388 million in ABS, which are pools of assets collateralized by cash flows from several types of loans, including home equity, credit cards, autos and structured bank loans in the form of collateralized loan obligations (CLOs).

Previous wording

As of September 30, 2025, we had $258 million in commercial and non-agency MBS and $604 million in MBS backed by government sponsored enterprises (GSEs - Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae and Ginnie Mae). Excluding the GSE-backed MBS, our exposure to ABS and CMBS was 12.0 percent of our investment portfolio at quarter end.

Current wording

As of March 31, 2026, we had $322 million in commercial and non-agency MBS and $601 million in MBS backed by government sponsored enterprises (GSEs - Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae and Ginnie Mae). Excluding the GSE-backed MBS, our exposure to ABS and CMBS was 14.5 percent of our investment portfolio at quarter end.

Previous wording

We had $1,490 million in corporate fixed income securities as of September 30, 2025, which includes $140 million invested in a high-yield credit strategy. This high-yield portfolio consists of floating rate bank loans and bonds that are below investment grade in credit quality and offer incremental yield over our core fixed income portfolio.

Current wording

We had $1.5 billion in corporate fixed income securities as of March 31, 2026, which includes $140 million invested in a high-yield credit strategy. This high-yield portfolio consists of floating rate bank loans and bonds that are below investment grade in credit quality and offer incremental yield over our core fixed income portfolio.

Previous wording

The municipal portfolio includes approximately 72 percent taxable securities and 28 percent tax-exempt securities. Approximately 93 percent of our municipal bond portfolio maintains an ‘AA’ or better rating, while 100 percent of the municipal bond portfolio is rated ‘A’ or better.

Current wording

The municipal portfolio includes approximately 73 percent taxable securities and 27 percent tax-exempt securities. Approximately 91 percent of our municipal bond portfolio maintains an ‘AA’ or better rating, while 100 percent of the municipal bond portfolio is rated ‘A’ or better.

Previous wording

As of September 30, 2025, our equity portfolio had a dividend yield of 1.5 percent, compared to 1.2 percent for the S&P 500 index. Because of the corporate dividend-received-deduction applicable to our dividend income, we pay an effective tax rate of 13.1 percent on dividends, compared to 21.0 percent on taxable interest and 5.3 percent on municipal bond interest income. The equity portfolio is managed in a diversified and granular manner, with 78 individual securities and five ETF positions. No single company exposure in the equity portfolio represents more than 1 percent of invested assets.

Current wording

As of March 31, 2026, our equity portfolio had a dividend yield of 1.4 percent, compared to 1.1 percent for the S&P 500 index. Because of the corporate dividend-received-deduction applicable to our dividend income, we pay an effective tax rate of 13.1 percent on dividends, compared to 21.0 percent on taxable interest and 5.3 percent on municipal bond interest income. The equity portfolio is managed in a diversified and granular manner, with 77 individual securities and five ETF positions. No single company exposure in the equity portfolio represents more than 1 percent of invested assets.

Previous wording

We had $64 million of investments in unconsolidated investees at September 30, 2025, compared to $56 million at December 31, 2024.

Current wording

We had $56 million of investments in unconsolidated investees at March 31, 2026, compared to $54 million at December 31, 2025.

Previous wording

As of September 30, 2025, our capital structure consisted of $100 million in debt and $1.9 billion of shareholders’ equity. Debt outstanding comprised 5 percent of total capital as of September 30, 2025. Interest and fees on debt obligations totaled $4 million for the first nine months of 2025 and $5 million during the same period in 2024. We incurred interest expense on debt at an average annual interest rate of 5.18 percent during the first nine months of 2025, compared to 6.20 percent during the same period last year.

Current wording

As of March 31, 2026, our capital structure consisted of $347 million in debt and $1.8 billion of shareholders’ equity. Debt outstanding comprised 16 percent of total capital as of March 31, 2026. Interest and fees on debt obligations totaled $2 million for the first three months of 2026 and $1 million during the same period in 2025. We incurred interest expense on debt at an average annual interest rate of 5.03 percent during the first three months of 2026, compared to 5.18 percent during the same period last year.