EVEREST GROUP, LTD.
For the period ended Dec 31, 2025. Filed Feb 26, 2026.
View on SEC.govAbout this filing
A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.
FY2025 · Filed Feb 26, 2026
EG$411.11-1.6%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-K
Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-02-27.
0001095073-25-000015
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-K
Period ended 2025-12-31; filed 2026-02-26.
0001095073-26-000006
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 194 previous paragraphs and 205 current paragraphs.
103 unchanged; 72 reworded; 27 added; 16 removed; 3 previous and 3 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 27 previous and 28 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (27)
Current report
Recent Developments.
Current report
Adverse Development Cover Reinsurance Agreements
Current report
Effective October 1, 2025, the Company, through its subsidiaries Everest Re and Bermuda Re (the “Ceding Companies”), entered into adverse development reinsurance agreements with State National Insurance Company, Inc. and MS Transverse Insurance Company (collectively the “Reinsurers”). The Reinsurance Agreements are supported on a retrocessional basis by Longtail Re, an affiliate of Stone Ridge Capital.
Current report
The agreements reinsure potential adverse loss development for accident years 2024 and prior arising from substantially all of the Ceding Companies’ North American liabilities within the Insurance and Other segments (“Subject Business”) up to a gross limit of $1.2 billion. Certain liabilities are excluded from the subject business, including among others those related to the Asbestos and Environmental (“A&E”) reserves included in the Other segment. The carried reserves held for the Subject Business were $5.4 billion as of September 30, 2025 and $5.0 billion as of December 31, 2025, respectively.
Current report
The adverse development cover (“ADC”) is composed of three layers. The first layer is an “in the money” layer whereby the ADC attachment point was $1,250 billion below the Company’s North American Insurance and Other segment liability subject reserves of $5.4 billion held as of September 30, 2025. The second layer is $700 million in excess of the $5.4 billion. The Company transferred $1,250 million of in-the-money reserves in consideration for the first two layers upon closing of the transaction. The third layer is $500 million, for which the Company paid approximately $122 million of consideration upon closing of the transaction. The Company has a co-participation of $100 million in each of the second and third layers. For more details, see Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 27, 2025 and the adverse development reinsurance agreements attached thereto and incorporated by reference in Exhibits 10.59 and 10.60. At December 31, 2025, the total covered losses ceded to State National Reinsurer were $1,253 million. The aggregated unexpired limit was $597 million for State National Reinsurer and $400 million for MS Transverse Reinsurer, respectively.
Current report
Sale of Certain Commercial Retail Insurance Renewal Rights
Current report
On October 26, 2025, the Company entered into an agreement with American International Group, Inc. (“AIG”) to sell the renewal rights for certain lines of commercial retail insurance business written by the Company in the U.S., U.K. and Asia Pacific, for an aggregate purchase price of $252 million. AIG paid the Company $30 million for originating and structuring the transaction.
Current report
In addition, on October 26, 2025, the Company entered into an agreement with AIG to sell the renewal rights for certain lines of commercial retail insurance business written by the Company in certain countries in the European Union, for an aggregate purchase price of $49 million.
Current report
Under the agreements, AIG agreed to pay the Company a total of $10 million per month for nine months starting January 1, 2026 for specified transition services. For more details, see Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 28, 2025 and the Master Transaction Agreements incorporated by reference in Exhibit 10.59.
Current report
These transactions sharpen the Company’s focus on its core global reinsurance business as well as its global wholesale and specialty insurance businesses. The renewal rights of these businesses total an estimated $2 billion of aggregate gross premiums written.
Current report
Premiums. Gross written premiums decreased by 2.9% to $17.7 billion in 2025, compared to $18.2 billion in 2024, reflecting a $288 million, or 5.7% decrease in our insurance business, a $122 million, or 57.3% decrease in business within the Other segment and a $116 million, or 0.9% decrease in our reinsurance business. The decrease in insurance premiums reflects portfolio actions taken in casualty lines of business partially offset by growth in accident and health and other specialty lines. Gross written premiums within Other decreased by $122 million as this segment generally represents lines of business that have been discontinued. The decrease in reinsurance premiums was primarily due to North America casualty pro rata and casualty excess of loss lines of business, partially offset by an increase in the property and financial lines of business.
Current report
Net written premiums decreased by 1.9% to $15.5 billion in 2025, compared to $15.8 billion in 2024, primarily driven by overall mix of business.
Current report
Premiums earned increased by 2.5% to $15.6 billion in 2025, compared to $15.2 billion in 2024. The change in premiums earned relative to net written premiums was primarily the result of timing as the higher base premium written in 2024 is being earned through the 2025 period; premiums are earned ratably over the coverage period whereas written premiums are generally recorded at the initiation of the coverage period.
Current report
Incurred losses and LAE decreased by 3.9% to $10.9 billion in 2025, compared to $11.3 billion in 2024, primarily due to a decrease in unfavorable development on prior year attritional losses of $725 million and a decrease of $73 million in current year catastrophe losses, partially offset by an increase of $308 million in current year attritional losses and a decrease in favorable development on prior year catastrophe losses of $45 million.
Current report
On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill was signed into law. The One Big Beautiful Bill did not have a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows upon enactment in 2025, and we do not expect it to have a material impact in the future; however, we will continue to evaluate the impact of the One Big Beautiful Bill.
Current report
On January 20, 2025, President Trump issued a memorandum announcing that the OECD framework has “no force or effect in the United States” and disavowing any commitments previously made by the United States with respect to the framework. The memorandum also directs the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury to develop and present to President Trump a list of protective measures or other options towards foreign countries that are either not in compliance with any tax treaty with the United States or have tax rules that are “extraterritorial or disproportionately affect American companies.” The possible uneven enactment of the OECD framework by various jurisdictions coupled with the United States’ response to these rules could cause uncertainties to and increases in our income taxes.
Current report
On January 5, 2026, the OECD released Administrative Guidance containing the side-by-side (SbS) package on the OECD’s global minimum tax. The SbS Administrative Guidance introduced, among other things, new safe harbors, including a SbS safe harbor for multi-national groups headquartered in certain eligible jurisdictions, now limited to the US. Qualification for this safe harbor would exempt companies from the OECD global minimum tax. We expect additional Administrative Guidance in the future providing implementation guidance on the SbS. Accordingly, the OECD’s global minimum tax could be subject to further changes that will continue to cause uncertainties related to income taxes payable by our company.
Current report
Our net income was $1.6 billion and $1.4 billion in 2025 and 2024, respectively. The period over period changes in net income were primarily driven by the financial component fluctuations explained above.
Current report
Premiums. Gross written premiums decreased by 0.9% to $12.8 billion in 2025 from $12.9 billion in 2024. The decrease in gross written premiums was primarily due to North America casualty pro rata and casualty excess of loss lines of business, partially offset by an increase in the property book of business and financial lines business.
Current report
Net written premiums decreased by 1.5% to $11.8 billion in 2025, compared to $12.0 billion in 2024. The current year over prior year decrease was primarily due to changes in cessions and overall mix of business
Current report
The increase in current year attritional losses was mainly related to the impact of the increase in premiums earned, the impact of the Washington D.C. aviation accident during the first quarter and reserve strengthening on the U.S. casualty business. The unfavorable development on prior year attritional reserves was mainly driven by aviation losses associated with the Russia/Ukraine war and casualty reserves, partially offset by favorable development booked on well-seasoned reserves in the property and mortgage lines.
Current report
Premiums earned increased by 3.9% to $3.7 billion in 2025, compared to $3.6 billion in 2024. The change in premiums earned relative to net written premiums was primarily the result of timing as the higher base premium written in 2024 is being earned through the 2025 period; premiums are earned ratably over the coverage period whereas written premiums are generally recorded at the initiation of the coverage period.
Current report
Incurred losses and LAE decreased by 15.8% to $3.1 billion in 2025, compared to $3.6 billion in 2024. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in unfavorable development on prior years attritional losses of $601 million and a decrease in current year catastrophe losses of $79 million, partially offset by an increase of $101 million in current year attritional losses and a decrease in favorable development on prior years catastrophe losses of $9 million.
Current report
The increase in current year attritional losses and the 2025 unfavorable development on prior years attritional losses of $471 million were both primarily due to reserve strengthening in U.S. casualty lines of business driven by elevated loss experience in excess casualty and U.S. liability lines primarily on accident years 2022-2024.
Current report
Retroactive Reinsurance.
Current report
Retroactive reinsurance agreements are reinsurance agreements under which a reinsurer agrees to reimburse the Company as a result of loss development related to past insurable events. For these agreements, the excess of the amounts ultimately collectible under the agreement over the consideration paid is recognized as a deferred gain liability and amortized into income over the settlement period of the ceded reserves. The amount of deferred gain liability is recalculated each period based on cumulative recoveries not yet collected relative to the latest estimate of ultimate losses to be recovered. If the consideration paid exceeds the ultimate losses collectible under the agreement, the net loss on the agreement is recognized in income immediately in incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations. In any given period, the change in deferred gain included in net income includes amortization of the deferred gain based on the percentage of ultimate ceded losses collected plus any change in the deferred liability due to change in the estimated losses to be recovered. The amounts are recalculated each period based on loss payments and updated loss reserves estimates.
Current report
Exposure to Prior Year Development. We are required to maintain reserves to cover our ultimate liability of losses and LAE for both reported and unreported claims. These reserves are only estimates of what we believe the ultimate settlement and administration of claims will cost based on facts and circumstances known to us and actuarial and statistical analysis. Loss reserve estimates are reconsidered, as necessary, as experience develops and to reflect other changes in circumstances that may affect our estimate of ultimate loss, and this could potentially result in increases to our reserves. For the insurance and reinsurance businesses, ultimate losses may differ materially from our expectations at the time we underwrite the business. Because of the uncertainties that surround our estimates of loss and LAE reserves, we cannot be certain that ultimate losses and LAE payments will not exceed the estimates we make at any given time. Loss experience in our lines of business is very unpredictable and has been exacerbated by social inflation factors such as uncertain legal system outcomes, increased frequency of high-severity claims and third-party litigation funding. If our reserves are deficient in future periods, we may be required to increase loss reserves in the period in which such deficiencies are identified which would cause a charge to our earnings, a reduction of capital and could result in adverse effects on our business, financial condition, results of operation or liquidity. We have entered into certain adverse development reinsurance agreements to reinsure against potential adverse loss development for accident years 2024 and prior arising out of North American insurance liabilities within our Insurance and Other segments subject to exclusions for certain liabilities, including among others those related to Asbestos & Environmental reserves.
Removed paragraphs (16)
Previous report
As a global leader with a 50-year track record, we are a preferred Reinsurance partner in the markets we serve, and with
Previous report
our growing Insurance franchise we strive to deliver consistent value to all our stakeholders. We continue to grow and develop our Insurance business, investing in our global platform and strengthening our portfolio and its potential to deliver on our customer promise.
Previous report
Premiums. Gross written premiums increased by 9.6% to $18.2 billion in 2024, compared to $16.6 billion in 2023, reflecting a $1.5 billion, or 12.9% increase in our reinsurance business and a $191 million, or 3.9%, increase in our insurance business. The increase in reinsurance premiums reflects growth across multiple lines of business, particularly property and casualty pro rata business and property catastrophe excess of loss business. The increase in insurance premiums reflects growth in property/short tail business and other specialty business, partially offset by portfolio actions taken on accident and health, workers’ compensation and specialty casualty lines of business.
Previous report
Net written premiums increased by 7.4% to $15.8 billion in 2024, compared to $14.7 billion in 2023. The current year over prior year increase remained relatively consistent with the percentage increase in gross written premiums.
Previous report
Premiums earned increased by 13.0% to $15.2 billion in 2024, compared to $13.4 billion in 2023, which is consistent with the percentage changes in gross written premiums. The change in premiums earned relative to net written premiums was primarily the result of timing; premiums are earned ratably over the coverage period whereas written premiums are generally recorded at the initiation of the coverage period.
Previous report
Incurred losses and LAE increased by 34.1% to $11.3 billion in 2024, compared to $8.4 billion in 2023, primarily due to an increase of $1.1 billion in current year attritional losses, an increase of $423 million in current year catastrophe losses and unfavorable development on prior year attritional losses of $1.5 billion, partially offset by favorable development on prior year catastrophe losses of $138 million.
Previous report
On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (“IRA”) was enacted. We have evaluated the tax provisions of the IRA, the most significant of which are the corporate alternative minimum tax and the share repurchase excise tax, and do not expect the legislation to have a material impact on our results of operations.
Previous report
Our net income was $1.4 billion and $2.5 billion in 2024 and 2023, respectively. The decline was primarily driven by a decrease in underwriting income of $1.6 billion resulting from the unfavorable prior year development recognized in 2024, partially offset by an increase of $520 million in net investment income.
Previous report
Premiums. Gross written premiums increased by 12.9% to $12.9 billion in 2024 from $11.5 billion in 2023. The increase in gross written premiums reflects growth across multiple lines of business, particularly property and casualty pro rata business and property catastrophe excess of loss business.
Previous report
Net written premiums increased by 10.8% to $12.0 billion in 2024, compared to $10.8 billion in 2023. The current year over prior year increase remained relatively consistent with the percentage increase in gross written premiums.
Previous report
During 2023, the Company refined its premium estimation methodology for its risk attaching reinsurance contracts within its Reinsurance segment to continue to recognize gross written premium over the term of the treaty, albeit over a different pattern than what was previously used. The refined estimate resulted in an increase of gross written premium for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, and has further aligned the estimation methodology across the reinsurance division globally. This change had no impact on the total written premium to be recognized over the term of the treaties. There was no impact on net earned premium and therefore, no impact on income from continuing operations, net income or any related per-share amounts.
Previous report
Premiums earned increased by 4.6% to $3.6 billion in 2024, compared to $3.4 billion in 2023. The change in premiums earned relative to net written premiums is primarily the result of timing; premiums are earned ratably over the coverage period whereas written premiums are generally recorded at the initiation of the coverage period.
Previous report
Incurred losses and LAE increased by 46.5% to $3.6 billion in 2024, compared to $2.5 billion in 2023. The increase was mainly due to unfavorable development on prior years attritional losses of $787 million, an increase of $277 million in current year attritional losses and an increase in current year catastrophe losses of $100 million, partially offset by favorable development on prior years catastrophe losses of $14 million. During 2024, prior year U.S. casualty reserves were strengthened by $1.1 billion. The reserve strengthening was driven by a combination of social inflation and portfolio concentrations in certain U.S. casualty lines classes. The increase in current year attritional losses was primarily due to the impact of the increase in premiums earned and strengthening of current accident year U.S. casualty reserves by $206 million.
Previous report
Premiums. Gross written premiums decreased from $289 million in 2023 to $212 million in 2024. Net written premiums decreased from $225 million in 2023 to $167 million in 2024. Gross written premium is primarily coming from the sports and leisure business. Premiums earned decreased from $225 million in 2023 to $197 million in 2024. The decreases in gross written premiums, net written premiums and premiums earned are due to the lines of business included in this segment primarily being in run-off, except for a limited number of renewed and new policies written on the Company's paper by the purchaser of the sports and leisure business sold in October 2024, for a finite period of time post-closing.
Previous report
Segment Expenses. Commission and brokerage and other underwriting expenses remained relatively flat year over year.
Previous report
SEC Registrants are required to clarify and expand upon the existing financial statement disclosure requirements for derivative financial instruments, derivative commodity instruments and other financial instruments (collectively, “Market Sensitive Instruments”). We do not generally enter into Market Sensitive Instruments for trading purposes.
Reworded paragraphs (72)
Previous wording
During 2024, we formed a new “Other” segment, primarily comprised of the results of our sports and leisure business sold in October 2024, consisting of policies written prior to the sale and polices renewed and certain new business written on the Company’s paper post-sale. It also includes run-off asbestos and environmental (“A&E”) exposures, certain discontinued insurance programs primarily written prior to 2012 and certain discontinued insurance and reinsurance coverage classes. The Other segment does not generally sell insurance or reinsurance products but is responsible for the management of existing policies and settlement of related losses. These segment presentation changes have been reflected retrospectively. The Company will continue to have two reportable segments that actively sell products, Reinsurance and Insurance, consistent with how the on-going business is managed. See Note 6 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a summary of segment results.
Current wording
During 2024, we formed a new “Other” segment, primarily comprised of the results of our sports and leisure business sold in October 2024, consisting of policies written prior to the sale and polices renewed and certain new business written on the Company’s paper post-sale. It also includes run-off asbestos and environmental (“A&E”) exposures, certain discontinued insurance programs primarily written prior to 2012 and certain discontinued insurance and reinsurance coverage classes. The Other segment does not generally sell insurance or reinsurance products but is responsible for the management of existing policies and settlement of related losses. These segment presentation changes have been reflected retrospectively. As of December 31, 2025, the Company has two reportable segments consistent with how the business is managed. See Note 7 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a summary of segment results.
Previous wording
Our current year net income of $1.4 billion is inclusive of unfavorable development of prior-year loss reserves of $1.5 billion. Following a comprehensive reserve review, we have significantly fortified our U.S. casualty reserves, while taking aggressive underwriting action in certain classes exposed to social inflation, bolstering talent and investing in our platform as we head into 2025. Refer to management’s discussion of consolidated and segment results below.
Current wording
Our net income of $1.6 billion for the year ended December 31, 2025 is inclusive of unfavorable development of prior-year loss reserves of $657 million. Our net income of $1.4 billion for the year ended December 31, 2024 is inclusive of unfavorable development of prior-year loss reserves of $1.5 billion. We have significantly fortified our U.S. casualty reserves, while taking aggressive underwriting action in certain classes exposed to social inflation, bolstering talent and investing in our platform as we head into 2026. In addition, we have entered into an adverse development reinsurance agreement reinsuring potential adverse loss development for accident years 2024 and prior arising out of North American liabilities within our Insurance and Other Segments and sold the renewal rights to certain lines of commercial retail insurance business. Refer to management’s discussion of consolidated and segment results below.
Previous wording
The following is a discussion and analysis of our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity and capital resources for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes, under ITEM 8 of this Form 10-K. Pursuant to the Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act Modernization and Simplification of Regulation S-K, comparisons between 2023 and 2022 have been omitted from this Form 10-K but can be found in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in Part II, Item 7 of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Current wording
The following is a discussion and analysis of our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity and capital resources for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes, under ITEM 8 of this Form 10-K. Comparisons between 2024 and 2023 have been omitted from this Form 10-K but can be found in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in Part II, Item 7 of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Previous wording
Other Income (Expense). We recorded other income of $121 million and other expense of $14 million in 2024 and 2023, respectively. The change was primarily the result of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, gain from the sale of the sports and leisure business and gain from pension plan curtailment. We recognized foreign currency exchange income of $58 million in 2024 and foreign currency exchange expense of $24 million in 2023. Additionally, we recognized a $40 million gain on sale of our sports and leisure business, including renewal rights, sold during the fourth quarter and a $9 million pension plan curtailment gain.
Current wording
Other Income (Expense). We recorded other expense of $45 million and other income of $121 million in 2025 and 2024, respectively. The change was primarily the result of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, in particular, the movement in the Euro and British Pound Sterling, partially offset by the gain from the sale of the renewal rights.
Previous wording
Unfavorable development on prior year attritional losses was $1.5 billion in 2024 compared to favorable development of $5 million in 2023. The net unfavorable development on prior year attritional reserves of $1.5 billion in 2024 is comprised of $1.1 billion of unfavorable development on prior years attritional losses from the Insurance segment, mainly driven by a combination of social inflation and portfolio concentrations in certain U.S. casualty lines and $403 million of unfavorable development on prior years attritional losses from the Other segment, mainly related to certain sports and leisure lines for accident years 2019 through 2023, including A&E reserve strengthening of $54 million. In addition, the Reinsurance segment recorded $684 million of unfavorable development on prior year casualty reserves. This unfavorable development in the Reinsurance segment was largely offset by favorable development booked on well-seasoned reserves in the property and mortgage lines.
Current wording
The increase in current year attritional losses was mainly due to the strengthening of U.S. casualty reserves. Unfavorable development on prior year attritional losses was $751 million in 2025 compared to unfavorable development of $1.5 billion in 2024. The net unfavorable development on prior year attritional reserves of $751 million in 2025 is comprised of $471 million of unfavorable development on prior years attritional losses from the Insurance segment due to reserve strengthening in U.S. casualty lines of business driven by elevated loss experience in excess casualty and U.S. liability lines primarily on accident years 2022-2024, and $163 million of unfavorable development in our Other segment which was driven by U.S. casualty lines, primarily from our sports and leisure business. In addition, the Reinsurance segment recorded unfavorable development on prior year, primarily related to aviation losses associated with the Russia/Ukraine war and casualty reserves, partially offset by favorable development booked on well-seasoned reserves in the property and mortgage lines. Embedded in the amounts noted above is $122 million of prior year losses related to the ADC.
Previous wording
The increase in current year attritional losses was mainly due to the impact of the increase in premiums earned, changes in the mix of business and strengthening of current accident year U.S. casualty reserves by $206 million in the Insurance segment. The current year catastrophe losses of $893 million in 2024 related primarily to Hurricane Milton ($320 million), Hurricane Helene ($94 million), Hurricane Beryl ($64 million), Hurricane Debby ($56 million), the 2024 European flood Boris ($56 million), the 2024 Baltimore bridge collapse ($55 million), the third quarter 2024 Calgary Alberta storms ($54 million), the 2024 Brazil Floods ($41 million), the 2024 Dubai floods ($32 million), the 2024 Germany floods ($31 million), the 2024 New Caledonia Riots ($31 million) and the 2024 Taiwan earthquake ($27 million), with the remaining losses resulting from various events. The $470 million of current year catastrophe losses in 2023 related primarily to the 2023 Turkey earthquakes ($103 million), Hurricane Otis ($100 million), the 2023 Italy convective storm ($57 million), the 2023 New Zealand storms ($45 million), the 2023 Morocco earthquake ($40 million), the 2023 Hawaii wildfire ($32 million) and Hurricane Idalia ($23 million), with the remaining losses resulting from various storm events.
Current wording
The current year catastrophe losses of $819 million in 2025 related primarily to the 2025 Southern California wildfires ($512 million), Hurricane Melissa ($159 million), the 2025 Australian Storms ($47 million), Myanmar earthquake ($28 million), Typhoon Ragasa ($20 million) and the 2025 U.S. September floods ($19 million), with the remaining losses resulting from various events. The $893 million of current year catastrophe losses in 2024 related primarily to Hurricane Milton ($320 million), Hurricane Helene ($94 million), Hurricane Beryl ($64 million), Hurricane Debby ($56 million), the 2024 European flood Boris ($56 million), the 2024 Baltimore bridge collapse ($55 million), the third quarter 2024 Calgary Alberta storms ($54 million), the 2024 Brazil Floods ($41 million), the 2024 Dubai floods ($32 million), the 2024 Germany floods ($31 million), the 2024 New Caledonia Riots ($31 million) and the 2024 Taiwan earthquake ($27 million), with the remaining losses resulting from various events. For 2025, the favorable development on prior year catastrophe losses of $94 million was mainly related to reserves released related to the 2022 Hurricane Ian event.
Previous wording
Catastrophe losses and loss expenses typically have a material effect on our incurred losses and LAE results and can vary significantly from period to period. Losses from natural catastrophes contributed 5.9 percentage points to the combined ratio in 2024, compared with 3.5 percentage points in 2023.
Current wording
Catastrophe losses and loss expenses typically have a material effect on our incurred losses and LAE results and can vary significantly from period to period. Losses from natural catastrophes contributed 5.3 percentage points to the combined ratio in 2025, compared with 5.9 percentage points in 2024.
Previous wording
Commission, Brokerage, Taxes and Fees. Commission, brokerage, taxes and fees increased by 11.8% to $3.3 billion for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to $3.0 billion for the year ended December 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to the impact of the increase in premiums earned and changes in the mix of business. Refer to the “Ratios” section for commission and brokerage ratio analysis discussion.
Current wording
Commission, Brokerage, Taxes and Fees. Commission, brokerage, taxes and fees increased by 4.9% to $3.5 billion for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to $3.3 billion for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase was primarily due to the impact of the increase in premiums earned and changes in the mix of business. Refer to the “Ratios” section for commission and brokerage ratio analysis discussion.
Previous wording
Other Underwriting Expenses. Other underwriting expenses were $938 million and $846 million in 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase in other underwriting expenses was mainly due to the impact of the increase in premiums earned as well as the continued build out of our insurance operations, including an expansion of the international insurance platform. Refer to the “Ratios” section for other underwriting expense ratio analysis discussion.
Current wording
Other Underwriting Expenses. Other underwriting expenses were $1.0 billion and $938 million in 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in other underwriting expenses was mainly due to the impact of the increase in premiums earned as well as strategic actions taken in insurance operations. Refer to the “Ratios” section for other underwriting expense ratio analysis discussion.
Previous wording
Corporate Expenses. Corporate expenses, which are general operating expenses that are not allocated to segments, were $95 million and $73 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase in 2024 compared to 2023 was primarily due to information management related costs, including the acceleration of cybersecurity, corporate applications and infrastructure investments as well as an increase in compensation costs due to increased headcount from the prior year.
Current wording
Corporate Expenses. Corporate expenses, which are general operating expenses that are not allocated to segments, were $109 million and $95 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in 2025 compared to 2024 was primarily due to an increase in other professional services related to consulting fees for corporate initiatives and an increase in lease rent expenses.
Previous wording
Interest, Fees and Bond Issue Cost Amortization Expense. Interest, fees and other bond amortization expense was $149 million and $134 million in 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase was primarily driven by higher interest costs resulting from additional borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLBNY”), offset by the change in the floating interest rate related to the Company’s outstanding fixed to floating rate long-term subordinated notes, which is reset quarterly per the note agreement. The floating rate was 7.17% as of December 31, 2024, compared to 8.03% as of December 31, 2023.
Current wording
Interest, Fees and Bond Issue Cost Amortization Expense. Interest, fees and other bond amortization expense was $151 million and $149 million in 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase was primarily driven by higher interest costs on the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLBNY”), partially offset by the change in the floating interest rate related to the Company’s outstanding fixed to floating rate long-term subordinated notes, which is reset quarterly per the note agreement. The floating rate was 6.50% as of December 31, 2025, compared to 7.17% as of December 31, 2024.
Previous wording
Income Tax Expense (Benefit). Everest had an income tax expense of $120 million and income tax benefit of $363 million in 2024 and 2023, respectively. An income tax expense/benefit is primarily a function of the geographic location of the Company’s pre-tax income and the statutory tax rates in those jurisdictions. The effective tax rate (“ETR”) is primarily affected by tax-exempt investment income, foreign tax credits and dividends. Variations in the ETR generally result from changes in the relative levels of pre-tax income, including the impact of catastrophe losses and net capital gains (losses), among jurisdictions with different tax rates. The tax benefit in 2023 was primarily due to the implementation of the provisions of the Bermuda Corporate Income Tax Act of 2023 (“The 2023 Act”).
Current wording
Income Tax Expense (Benefit). Income tax expense was $296 million and $120 million in 2025 and 2024, respectively. An income tax expense/benefit is primarily a function of the geographic location of the Company’s pre-tax income and the statutory tax rates in those jurisdictions. The effective tax rate (“ETR”) is primarily affected by tax-exempt investment income, foreign tax credits and dividends. Variations in the ETR generally result from changes in the relative levels of pre-tax income, including the impact of catastrophe losses and net capital gains (losses), among jurisdictions with different tax rates.
Previous wording
Our combined ratio increased by 11.4 points to 102.3% in 2024, compared to 90.9% in 2023. The current year increase is primarily due to prior year development on attritional losses and higher current year catastrophe losses.
Current wording
Our combined ratio decreased by 3.7 points to 98.6% in 2025, compared to 102.3% in 2024. The current year decrease is primarily due to lower unfavorable prior year development on attritional losses and lower current year catastrophe losses.
Previous wording
The loss ratio component increased by 11.7 points in 2024 over the same period last year mainly due to an increase of $423 million in catastrophe losses and prior year development on attritional losses.
Current wording
The loss ratio component decreased by 4.6 points to 69.8% in 2025, compared to 74.4% in 2024. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease of $73 million in current year catastrophe losses and lower unfavorable prior year development on attritional losses.
Previous wording
The commission and brokerage ratio components decreased to 21.7% in 2024, compared to 22.0% in 2023. The decrease was mainly due to changes in the mix of business.
Current wording
The commission and brokerage ratio components increased to 22.2% in 2025, compared to 21.7% in 2024. The increase was mainly due to changes in the mix of business.
Previous wording
The other underwriting expense ratio decreased to 6.2% in 2024, compared to 6.3% in 2023. The decrease was mainly due to Reinsurance segment continued leverage against its premium base, offset by Insurance segment expenses driven by continued international growth.
Current wording
The other underwriting expense ratio increased to 6.6% in 2025, compared to 6.2% in 2024. The increase was due to higher Insurance segment expenses driven by strategic actions, offset by Reinsurance segment continued leverage against its premium base.
Previous wording
Shareholders’ equity increased by $673 million to $13.9 billion at December 31, 2024 from $13.2 billion at December 31, 2023, principally as a result of $1.4 billion of net income, partially offset by $334 million of shareholder dividends, $200 million of share repurchases, $128 million of net foreign currency translation adjustments and $127 million of unrealized depreciation on fixed income available for sale securities, net of tax.
Current wording
Shareholders’ equity increased by $1.6 billion to $15.5 billion at December 31, 2025 from $13.9 billion at December 31, 2024, principally as a result of $1.6 billion of net income, $854 million of unrealized appreciation on fixed income available for sale securities, net of tax and $242 million of net foreign currency translation gains, partially offset by $797 million of share repurchases and $335 million of shareholder dividends.
Previous wording
Net investment income increased by 36.3% to $2.0 billion in 2024, compared with net investment income of $1.4 billion in 2023. The increase was primarily the result of an additional $382 million of income from fixed maturity and short-term investments, an increase of $84 million in income from limited partnerships and an increase of $45 million in income from other alternative investments. The limited partnership income primarily reflects changes in their reported net asset values. As such, until these asset values are monetized and the resultant income is distributed, they are subject to volatile results of future increases or decreases in the asset value.
Current wording
Net investment income increased by 8.7% to $2.1 billion in 2025, compared with net investment income of $2.0 billion in 2024. The increase was primarily the result of an increase of $91 million in fixed maturities, an increase of $71 million in income from limited partnerships and an increase of $20 million in income from other alternative investments. The limited partnership income primarily reflects changes in their reported net asset values. As such, until these asset values are monetized and the resultant income is distributed, they are subject to volatile results of future increases or decreases in the asset value.
Previous wording
The pre-tax equivalent total return for the bond portfolio was approximately 4.0% and 6.8%, respectively, in 2024 and 2023. The pre-tax equivalent return adjusts the yield on tax-exempt bonds to the fully taxable equivalent.
Current wording
The pre-tax equivalent total return for the bond portfolio was approximately 8.5% and 4.0%, respectively, in 2025 and 2024. The pre-tax equivalent return adjusts the yield on tax-exempt bonds to the fully taxable equivalent.
Previous wording
The Company’s cash and invested assets totaled $41.5 billion at December 31, 2024, which consisted of 86.5% fixed maturities, short term investments and cash and 13.5% of other invested assets and equity securities. Of the total fixed maturities, 96.4% were investment grade. Additionally, the average maturity of fixed maturity securities was 4.9 years at December 31, 2024, and their overall average duration was 3.1 years.
Current wording
The Company’s cash and invested assets totaled $45.4 billion at December 31, 2025, which consisted of 86.8% fixed maturities, short term investments and cash and 13.2% of other invested assets and equity securities. Of the total fixed maturities, 98.1% were investment grade. Additionally, the average maturity of fixed maturity securities was 4.9 years at December 31, 2025, and their overall average duration was 3.4 years.
Previous wording
The Company’s investment portfolio includes structured commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) with a book value of $985 million and a fair value of $921 million. As of December 31, 2024, 85.2% of CMBS securities in our investment portfolio are rated AAA by nationally recognized rating agencies. The remainder of CMBS securities in our investment portfolio are rated investment grade by nationally recognized rating agencies.
Current wording
The Company’s investment portfolio includes structured commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) with a book value of $1.6 billion and a fair value of $1.5 billion. As of December 31, 2025, 64.3% of CMBS securities in our investment portfolio are rated AAA by nationally recognized rating agencies. The remainder of CMBS securities in our investment portfolio are rated investment grade by nationally recognized rating agencies.
Previous wording
Total net gains (losses) on invest ments in 2024 primarily consist of $7 million of net gains due to the disposition of investments and a decrease to the allowance for credit losses of $13 million. The realized gains from dispositions of investments mainly related to the execution of a Company strategy to sell lower yielding investments in order to reinvest the proceeds at higher interest rates.
Current wording
Total net gains (losses) on invest ments in 2025 primarily consist of $112 million of net losses due to the disposition of investments and an increase to the allowance for credit losses of $30 million.
Previous wording
During the fourth quarter of 2024, the Company revised its classification and presentation of certain run-off business, previously included within the Reinsurance and Insurance reportable segments, as part of a new segment called "Other". The new Other segment includes the results of our sports and leisure business sold in October 2024, consisting of policies written prior to the sale and polices renewed and certain new business written on the Company’s paper post-sale. It also includes run-off A&E exposures, certain discontinued insurance programs primarily written prior to 2012 and certain discontinued insurance and reinsurance coverage classes. The Other segment does not generally sell insurance or reinsurance products but is responsible for the management of existing policies and settlement of related losses. Additionally, during the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company revised the classification and presentation of certain products related to its accident and health business within the reportable segment groupings. These products have been realigned from within the Reinsurance segment to the Insurance segment to appropriately reflect how the business segments are managed due to changes in management implemented during the fourth quarter of 2023. These segment presentation changes have been reflected retrospectively. The Company will continue to have two reportable segments that actively sell products, Reinsurance and Insurance, consistent with how the on-going business is managed.
Current wording
During the fourth quarter of 2024, the Company revised its classification and presentation of certain run-off business, previously included within the Reinsurance and Insurance reportable segments, as part of a new segment called "Other". The Other segment includes the results of our sports and leisure business sold in October 2024, consisting of policies written prior to the sale and polices renewed and certain new business written on the Company’s paper post-sale. It also includes run-off A&E exposures, certain discontinued insurance programs primarily written prior to 2012 and certain discontinued insurance and reinsurance coverage classes. The Other segment does not generally sell insurance or reinsurance products but is responsible for the management of existing policies and settlement of related losses. These segment presentation changes have been reflected retrospectively.
Previous wording
Premiums earned increased by 16.5% to $11.4 billion in 2024, compared to $9.8 billion in 2023. The change in premiums earned relative to net written premiums is primarily the result of timing; premiums are earned ratably over the coverage period whereas written premiums are generally recorded at the initiation of the coverage period.
Current wording
Premiums earned increased by 2.8% to $11.7 billion in 2025, compared to $11.4 billion in 2024, primarily driven by increased property pro rata business written that was recorded over the prior quarters which are now being earned, partially offset by casualty pro rata lines. The change in premiums earned relative to net written premiums is the result of timing; premiums are earned ratably over the coverage period, whereas written premiums are generally recorded at the initiation of the coverage period.
Previous wording
Incurred losses increased by 24.8% to $7.1 billion in 2024, compared to $5.7 billion in 2023. The increase was primarily due to an increase of $815 million in current year attritional losses, an increase of $322 million in current year catastrophe losses and a decrease of favorable development on prior year attritional reserves ($0 million in 2024 and $401 million in 2023), partially offset by favorable development on prior year catastrophe losses of $125 million. The increase in current year attritional losses was mainly related to the impact of the increase in premiums earned. During the current year, prior year U.S. casualty reserves were strengthened by $684 million. This reserve strengthening was fully offset by favorable development on well-seasoned reserves in property and mortgage lines.
Current wording
Incurred losses increased by 5.8% to $7.5 billion in 2025, compared to $7.1 billion in 2024. The increase was primarily due to an increase of $264 million in current year attritional losses, an increase in unfavorable development on prior year attritional reserves of $117 million and a decrease in favorable development on prior year catastrophe losses of $36 million, partially offset by a decrease of $3 million in current year catastrophe losses.
Previous wording
The current year catastrophe losses of $772 million in 2024 related primarily to Hurricane Milton ($275 million), Hurricane Helene ($64 million), Hurricane Debby ($55 million), Hurricane Beryl ($54 million), the 2024 European flood Boris ($50 million), the 2024 Baltimore bridge collapse ($50 million), the third quarter 2024 Calgary Alberta storms ($45 million) and the 2024 Brazil Floods ($41 million), the 2024 Dubai floods ($32 million), the 2024 New Caledonia Riots ($31 million), the 2024 Germany floods ($28 million) and the 2024 Taiwan earthquake ($25 million), with the remaining losses resulting from various events. The $449 million of current year catastrophe losses in 2023 related primarily to the 2023 Turkey earthquakes ($103 million), Hurricane Otis ($100 million), the 2023 Italy convective storm ($57 million), the 2023 New Zealand storms ($43 million), the 2023 Morocco earthquake ($40 million), the 2023 Hawaii wildfire ($27 million) and Hurricane Idalia ($23 million), with the remaining losses resulting from various storm events.
Current wording
The current year catastrophe losses of $768 million in 2025 related primarily to the 2025 Southern California wildfires ($502 million), Hurricane Melissa ($143 million), the 2025 Australian Storms ($47 million), Myanmar earthquake ($20 million) and Typhoon Ragasa ($20 million), with the remaining losses resulting from various events. The $772 million of current year catastrophe losses in 2024 related primarily to Hurricane Milton ($275 million), Hurricane Helene ($64 million), Hurricane Debby ($55 million), Hurricane Beryl ($54 million), the 2024 European flood Boris ($50 million), the 2024 Baltimore bridge collapse ($50 million), the third quarter 2024 Calgary Alberta storms ($45 million) and the 2024 Brazil Floods ($41 million), the 2024 Dubai floods ($32 million), the 2024 New Caledonia Riots ($31 million), the 2024 Germany floods ($28 million) and the 2024 Taiwan earthquake ($25 million), with the remaining losses resulting from various events. For 2025, the favorable development on prior year catastrophe losses of $89 million was mainly related to reserves released related to the 2022 Hurricane Ian and older well-seasoned CAT events.
Previous wording
Segment Expenses. Commission and brokerage expense increased by 12.6% to $2.8 billion in 2024, compared to $2.5 billion in 2023. The increase was mainly due to the impact of the increase in premiums earned and changes in the mix of business. Segment other underwriting expenses increased to $290 million in 2024 from $254 million in 2023. The increase was in line with growth in the business and necessary support functions.
Current wording
Segment Expenses. Commission and brokerage expense increased by 4.0% to $3.0 billion in 2025, compared to $2.8 billion in 2024. The increase was mainly due to the impact of the increase in premiums earned, contingent commissions and changes in the mix of business. Segment other underwriting expenses increased to $291 million in 2025 from $290 million in 2024. The other underwriting expenses remained relatively flat to prior year due to expense management.
Previous wording
Premiums. Gross written premiums increased by 3.9% to $5.1 billion in 2024, compared to $4.9 billion in 2023. The increase in insurance premiums reflects growth property/short tail business and other specialty business, partially offset by portfolio actions taken on accident and health, workers’ compensation and casualty lines of business.
Current wording
Premiums. Gross written premiums decreased by 5.7% to $4.8 billion in 2025, compared to $5.1 billion in 2024. The decrease in insurance premiums was primarily due to portfolio actions taken on specialty casualty lines of business as well as the impact of the sale of renewal rights, partially offset by an increase in other specialty business and accident and health business.
Previous wording
Net written premiums decreased by 0.7% to $3.7 billion in 2024, compared to $3.7 billion in 2023. The decrease in net written premiums compared to the increase in gross written premiums was mainly due to lower net retention resulting from changes in the mix of business.
Current wording
Net written premiums decreased by 1.1% to $3.6 billion in 2025, compared to $3.7 billion in 2024. The decrease in net written is due to the reduction gross written premium partially offset by business mix and higher retentions in certain lines of business.
Previous wording
The current year catastrophe losses of $120 million primarily related to Hurricane Milton ($44 million), Hurricane Helene ($29 million), Hurricane Beryl ($10 million) and the third quarter 2024 Calgary Alberta storms ($9 million), with the remaining losses resulting from various events. The $20 million of current year catastrophe losses in 2023 primarily related to the 2023 third quarter U.S. storms ($5 million), the 2023 Hawaii wildfire ($5 million) and the 2023 December U.S. East Coast flooding ($5 million), with the remaining losses resulting from various storm events.
Current wording
The current year catastrophe losses of $41 million primarily related to Hurricane Melissa ($16 million), the first quarter 2025 Myanmar earthquake ($8 million) and the 2025 Southern California wildfires ($7 million), with the remaining losses resulting from various events. The $120 million of current year catastrophe losses in 2024 primarily related to Hurricane Milton ($44 million), Hurricane Helene ($29 million), Hurricane Beryl ($10 million) and the third quarter 2024 Calgary Alberta storms ($9 million), with the remaining losses resulting from various events. For 2025, the favorable development on prior year catastrophe losses of $5 million was related to multiple events from 2024 and prior.
Previous wording
Segment Expenses. Commission and brokerage increased by 7.0% to $439 million in 2024, compared to $410 million in 2023. Segment other underwriting expenses increased to $615 million in 2024, compared to $556 million in 2023. These increases were mainly due to the impact of the increase in premiums earned and increased expenses related to the continued build out of the insurance business, including an expansion of the international insurance platform.
Current wording
Segment Expenses. Commission and brokerage increased by 11.2% to $488 million in 2025, compared to $439 million in 2024. Segment other underwriting expenses increased to $721 million in 2025, compared to $615 million in 2024. The change in commission and brokerage expenses is driven by mix as the international portfolio increases which carries a higher net commission rate. The increase in other underwriting expenses was mainly due to the impact of strategic actions in insurance operations.
Previous wording
Incurred Losses and LAE. Incurred losses and LAE increased to $580 million in 2024, compared to $266 million in 2023. The increase was mainly due to unfavorable development on prior years attritional losses of $293 million. During 2024, the unfavorable development on prior year attritional losses for the Company’s Other segment of $403 million was mainly related to North America casualty lines for accident years 2019 through 2023 that were impacted by social inflation, including A&E reserve strengthening of $54 million resulting in a 3-year net asbestos survival ratio of 7 years.
Current wording
Incurred Losses and LAE. Incurred losses and LAE decreased to $292 million in 2025, compared to $580 million in 2024. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in unfavorable development on prior years attritional losses of $240 million. During 2025, the unfavorable development on prior year attritional losses for the Company’s Other segment of $163 million was mainly related to unfavorable development on prior year attritional losses driven by U.S. casualty lines, primarily from our sports and leisure business.
Previous wording
Loss and LAE Reserves. Our most critical accounting estimate is the determination of our loss and LAE reserves. We maintain reserves equal to management’s estimated ultimate liability for losses and LAE for reported and unreported claims for our insurance and reinsurance businesses. Because reserves are based on estimates of ultimate losses and LAE by underwriting or accident year, we use a variety of statistical and actuarial techniques to monitor reserve adequacy over time, evaluate new information as it becomes known and adjust reserves whenever an adjustment appears warranted. We consider many factors when setting reserves including: (1) our exposure base and projected ultimate premiums earned; (2) our expected loss ratios by product and class of business, which are developed collaboratively by underwriters and actuaries; (3) actuarial methodologies and assumptions which analyze our loss reporting and payment experience, reports from ceding companies and historical trends, such as reserving patterns, loss payments and product mix; (4) current legal interpretations of coverage and liability; and (5) economic conditions. Management’s best estimate is developed through collaboration with actuarial, underwriting, claims, legal and finance departments and culminates with the input of reserve committees. Each segment reserve committee includes the participation of the relevant parties from actuarial, finance, claims and segment senior management. Reserves are further reviewed by Everest’s Chief Reserving Actuary and senior management. The objective of such process is to determine a single best estimate viewed by management to be the best estimate of its ultimate loss liability. Our insurance and reinsurance loss and LAE reserves represent management’s best estimate of our ultimate liability. Actual losses and LAE ultimately paid may deviate, perhaps substantially, from such reserves. Net income (loss) will be impacted in a period in which the change in estimated ultimate losses and LAE is recorded. See also ITEM 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” - Note 1 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Current wording
Loss and LAE Reserves. Our most critical accounting estimate is the determination of our loss and LAE reserves. We maintain reserves equal to management’s estimated ultimate liability for losses and LAE for reported and unreported claims for our insurance and reinsurance businesses. Because reserves are based on estimates of ultimate losses and LAE by underwriting or accident year, we use a variety of statistical and actuarial techniques to monitor reserve adequacy over time, evaluate new information as it becomes known and adjust reserves whenever an adjustment appears warranted. We consider many factors when setting reserves including: (1) our exposure base and projected ultimate premiums earned; (2) our expected loss ratios by product and class of business, which are developed collaboratively by underwriters and actuaries; (3) actuarial methodologies and assumptions which analyze our loss reporting and payment experience, size of loss distribution, reports from ceding companies and historical trends, such as reserving patterns, loss payments and product mix; (4) current legal interpretations of coverage and liability; and (5) economic conditions including but not limited to social inflation. Management’s best estimate is developed through collaboration with actuarial, underwriting, claims, legal and finance departments and culminates with the input of reserve committees. Each segment reserve committee includes the participation of the relevant parties from actuarial, finance, claims and segment senior management. Reserves are further reviewed by Everest’s Chief Reserving Actuary and senior management. The objective of such process is to determine a single best estimate viewed by management to be the best estimate of its ultimate loss liability. Our insurance and reinsurance loss and LAE reserves represent management’s best estimate of our ultimate liability. Actual losses and LAE ultimately paid may deviate, perhaps substantially, from such reserves. Net income (loss) will be impacted in a period in which the change in estimated ultimate losses and LAE is recorded. See also ITEM 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” - Note 1 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Previous wording
It is more difficult to accurately estimate loss reserves for reinsurance liabilities than for insurance liabilities. At December 31, 2024, we had reinsurance loss reserves of $19.7 billion, insurance loss reserves of $8.8 billion and other loss reserves of $1.3 billion, of which $260 million were loss reserves for A&E liabilities. A detailed discussion of additional considerations related to A&E exposures follows later in this section.
Current wording
It is more difficult to accurately estimate loss reserves for reinsurance liabilities than for insurance liabilities. At December 31, 2025, we had reinsurance loss reserves of $22.7 billion, insurance loss reserves of $10.2 billion and other loss reserves of $1.4 billion, of which $209 million were loss reserves for A&E liabilities. A detailed discussion of additional considerations related to A&E exposures follows later in this section.
Previous wording
The detailed data required to evaluate ultimate losses for our insurance business is accumulated from our underwriting and claim systems. Reserving for reinsurance requires evaluation of loss information received from ceding companies. Ceding companies report losses to us in many ways depending on the type of contract and the agreed or contractual reporting requirements. Generally, proportional/quota share contracts require the submission of a monthly/quarterly account, which includes premium and loss activity for the period with corresponding reserves as established by the ceding company. This information is recorded into our records. For certain proportional contracts, we may require a detailed loss report for claims that exceed a certain dollar threshold or relate to a particular type of loss. Excess of loss and facultative contracts generally require individual loss reporting with precautionary notices provided when a loss reaches a significant percentage of the attachment point of the contract or when certain causes of loss or types of injury occur. Our experienced Claims staff handles individual loss reports and supporting claim information. Based on our evaluation of a claim, we may establish additional case reserves in addition to the case reserves reported by the ceding company. To ensure ceding companies are submitting required and accurate data, the Underwriting, Claim, Reinsurance Accounting and Internal Audit departments of the Company perform various reviews of our ceding companies, particularly larger ceding companies, including on-site audits of domestic ceding companies.
Current wording
The detailed data required to evaluate ultimate losses for our insurance business is accumulated from our underwriting and claim systems. Reserving for reinsurance requires evaluation of loss information received from ceding companies. Ceding companies report losses to us in many ways depending on the type of contract and the agreed or contractual reporting requirements. Generally, proportional/quota share contracts require the submission of a monthly/quarterly account, which includes premium and loss activity for the period with corresponding reserves as established by the ceding company. This information is recorded into our records. For certain proportional contracts, we may require a detailed loss report for claims that exceed a certain dollar threshold or relate to a particular type of loss. Excess of loss and facultative contracts generally require individual loss reporting with precautionary notices provided when a loss reaches a significant percentage of the attachment point of the contract or when certain causes of loss or types of injury occur. Our experienced Claims staff handles individual loss reports and supporting claim information. Based on our evaluation of a claim, we may establish additional case reserves in addition to the case reserves reported by the ceding company. To ensure ceding companies are submitting required and accurate data, the Underwriting, Claim, Reinsurance Accounting and Internal Audit departments of the Company perform various reviews of our ceding companies, particularly larger ceding companies, including on-site audits.
Previous wording
Certain reserves, including losses from widespread catastrophic events and COVID-19 related losses, cannot be estimated using traditional actuarial method. Rather, loss and LAE reserves are estimated by completing an in-depth analysis of the individual contracts which may potentially be impacted by the loss. The analysis uses inputs from various sources and methodology, to build up a comprehensive perspective. Such analysis generally involves: 1) estimating the size of insured industry losses; 2) reviewing portfolios to identify contracts which are exposed; 3) reviewing information reported or otherwise provided by customers and brokers; 4) discussing the loss with customers and brokers; and 5) estimating the ultimate expected cost to settle all claims and administrative costs arising from the loss on a contract-by-contract basis and in aggregate for the event. Due to the inherent uniqueness or specific nature of a catastrophic event, each event has its own unique assessment, and different weights may be applied to various inputs based on our judgment. Once a loss has occurred, during the then current reporting period, we record our best estimate of the ultimate expected cost to settle all claims arising from the loss. Our estimate of loss and LAE reserves is then determined by deducting cumulative paid losses from its estimate of the ultimate expected loss. Our estimate of incurred but not reported (“IBNR”) is determined by deducting cumulative paid losses, case reserves and additional case reserves from its estimate of the ultimate expected loss.
Current wording
Certain reserves, including losses from widespread catastrophic events, cannot be estimated using traditional actuarial method. Rather, loss and LAE reserves are estimated by completing an in-depth analysis of the individual contracts which may potentially be impacted by the loss. The analysis uses inputs from various sources and methodology, to build up a comprehensive perspective. Such analysis generally involves: 1) estimating the size of insured industry losses; 2) reviewing portfolios to identify contracts which are exposed; 3) reviewing information reported or otherwise provided by customers and brokers; 4) discussing the loss with customers and brokers; and 5) estimating the ultimate expected cost to settle all claims and administrative costs arising from the loss on a contract-by-contract basis and in aggregate for the event. Due to the inherent uniqueness or specific nature of a catastrophic event, each event has its own unique assessment, and different weights may be applied to various inputs based on our judgment. Once a loss has occurred, during the then current reporting period, we record our best estimate of the ultimate expected cost to settle all claims arising from the loss. Our estimate of loss and LAE reserves is then determined by deducting cumulative paid losses from its estimate of the ultimate expected loss. Our estimate of incurred but not reported (“IBNR”) is determined by deducting cumulative paid losses, case reserves and additional case reserves from its estimate of the ultimate expected loss.
Previous wording
Reinsurance Recoverables. We have purchased reinsurance to reduce our exposure to adverse claim experience, large claims and catastrophic loss occurrences. Our ceded reinsurance provides for recovery from reinsurers of a portion of losses and loss expenses under certain circumstances. Such reinsurance does not relieve us of our obligation to our policyholders. In the event our reinsurers are unable to meet their obligations under these agreements or are able to successfully challenge losses ceded by us under the contracts, we will not be able to realize the full value of the reinsurance recoverable balance. In some cases, we may hold full or partial collateral for the receivable, including letters of credit, trust assets and cash. Additionally, creditworthy foreign reinsurers of business written in the U.S., as well as capital markets’ reinsurance mechanisms, are generally required to secure their obligations. We have established reserves for uncollectible balances based on our assessment of the collectability of the outstanding balances. The allowance for uncollectible reinsurance reflects management’s best estimate of reinsurance cessions that may be uncollectible in the future due to reinsurers’ unwillingness or inability to pay. The allowance for uncollectible reinsurance comprises an allowance and an allowance for disputed balances. Based on this analysis, the Company may adjust the allowance for uncollectible reinsurance or charge off reinsurer balances that are determined to be uncollectible.
Current wording
Reinsurance Recoverables. We have purchased reinsurance to reduce our exposure to adverse claim experience, large claims and catastrophic loss occurrences. Our ceded reinsurance provides for recovery from reinsurers of a portion of losses and loss expenses under certain circumstances. Such reinsurance does not relieve us of our obligation to our policyholders. In the event our reinsurers are unable to meet their obligations under these agreements or are able to successfully challenge losses ceded by us under the contracts, we will not be able to realize the full value of the reinsurance recoverable balance. In some cases, we may hold full or partial collateral for the receivable, including letters of credit, trust assets and cash. Additionally, creditworthy foreign reinsurers of business written in the U.S., as well as capital markets’ reinsurance mechanisms, are generally required to secure their obligations.
Previous wording
The allowance is estimated as the amount of reinsurance recoverable exposed to loss multiplied by estimated factors for the probability of default. The reinsurance recoverable exposed is the amount of reinsurance recoverable net of collateral and other offsets, considering the nature of the collateral, potential future changes in collateral values, and historical loss information for the type of collateral obtained. The probability of default factors are historical insurer and reinsurer defaults for liabilities with similar durations to the reinsured liabilities as estimated through multiple economic cycles. Credit ratings are forward-looking and consider a variety of economic outcomes. The Company's evaluation of the required allowance for reinsurance recoverable considers the current economic environment as well as macroeconomic scenarios.
Current wording
The allowance is estimated as the amount of reinsurance recoverable exposed to loss multiplied by estimated factors for the probability of default. The reinsurance recoverable exposed is the amount of reinsurance recoverable net of collateral and other offsets, considering the nature of the collateral, potential future changes in collateral values, and historical loss information for the type of collateral obtained. The probability of default factors are historical insurer and reinsurer defaults for liabilities with similar durations to the reinsured liabilities as estimated through multiple economic cycles. Credit ratings are forward-looking and consider a variety of economic outcomes. The Company's evaluation of the required allowance for reinsurance recoverable considers the current economic environment as well as macroeconomic scenarios. To manage reinsurer credit risk, a reinsurance security review committee evaluates the credit standing, financial performance, management and operational quality of each potential reinsurer.
Previous wording
Investment Valuation. Our fixed income securities are classified for accounting purposes as either available for sale or held to maturity. The available for sale fixed maturity securities are carried at fair value and the held to maturity fixed maturity portfolio is carried at amortized cost, net of current expected credit allowance on our consolidated balance sheets. Our equity securities are all carried at fair value. Some of our CMBS are valued using cash flow models and risk-adjusted discount rates. We hold privately placed securities, less than 10% of the portfolio, which are either valued by investment advisors or the Company. In some instances, values provided by an investment advisor are supported with opinions from qualified independent third parties. The Company has procedures in place to review the values received from its investment advisors. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, our investment portfolio included a total of $5.1 billion and $4.5 billion of limited partnership investments, whose values are reported pursuant to the equity method of accounting, and corporate-owned life insurance (“COLI”) policies, whose values are reported at cash surrender value. We carry the limited partnership investments at values provided by the managements of the limited partnerships and due to inherent reporting lags, the carrying values are based on values with “as of” dates from generally one month to one quarter prior to our financial statement date.
Current wording
Investment Valuation. Our fixed income securities are classified for accounting purposes as either available for sale or held to maturity. The available for sale fixed maturity securities are carried at fair value and the held to maturity fixed maturity portfolio is carried at amortized cost, net of current expected credit allowance on our consolidated balance sheets. Our equity securities are all carried at fair value. Some of our CMBS are valued using cash flow models and risk-adjusted discount rates. We hold privately placed securities which are either valued by investment advisors or the Company. In some instances, values provided by an investment advisor are supported with opinions from qualified independent third parties. The Company has procedures in place to review the values received from its investment advisors. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, our investment portfolio included a total of $5.5 billion and $5.1 billion of limited partnership investments, whose values are reported pursuant to the equity method of accounting, and corporate-owned life insurance (“COLI”) policies, whose values are reported at cash surrender value. We carry the limited partnership investments at values provided by the managements of the limited partnerships and due to inherent reporting lags, the carrying values are based on values with “as of” dates from generally one month to one quarter prior to our financial statement date.
Previous wording
At December 31, 2024, we had net unrealized losses on our available for sale fixed maturity securities, net of tax, of $849 million, compared to net unrealized losses on our available for sale fixed maturity securities, net of tax, of $723 million at December 31, 2023. Gains (losses) from fair value fluctuations on available for sale fixed maturity securities are reflected as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated balance sheets. Fair value declines for the available for sale fixed income portfolio, which are considered credit related, are reflected in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), as realized losses on investments. We consider many factors when determining whether a fair value decline is credit related, including: (1) we have no intent to sell and, more likely than not, will not be required to sell prior to recovery, (2) the credit strength of the issuer, (3) the issuer’s market sector, (4) the length of time to maturity and (5) for asset-backed securities, changes in prepayments, credit enhancements and underlying default rates. If management’s assessments change in the future, we may ultimately record a realized loss after management originally concluded that the decline in value was not attributed to credit related factors.
Current wording
At December 31, 2025, we had net unrealized gains on our fixed maturity securities, net of tax, of $5 million, compared to net unrealized losses on our fixed maturity securities, net of tax, of $849 million at December 31, 2024. Gains (losses) from fair value fluctuations on available for sale fixed maturity securities are reflected as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated balance sheets. Fair value declines for the available for sale fixed income portfolio, which are considered credit related, are reflected in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), as realized losses on investments. We consider many factors when determining whether a fair value decline is credit related, including: (1) we have no intent to sell and, more likely than not, will not be required to sell prior to recovery, (2) the credit strength of the issuer, (3) the issuer’s market sector, (4) the length of time to maturity and (5) for asset-backed securities, changes in prepayments, credit enhancements and underlying default rates. If management’s assessments change in the future, we may ultimately record a realized loss after management originally concluded that the decline in value was not attributed to credit related factors.
Showing the first 40 of 72 pairs. Open the source sections for the rest.
Rearranged current paragraphs (3)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
The following table shows the components of other income (expense) for the periods indicated:
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
We have established reserves for uncollectible balances based on our assessment of the collectability of the outstanding balances. The allowance for uncollectible reinsurance reflects management’s best estimate of reinsurance cessions that may be uncollectible in the future due to reinsurers’ unwillingness or inability to pay. The allowance for uncollectible reinsurance recoverable includes an allowance for disputed balances. Based on this analysis, the Company may adjust the allowance for uncollectible reinsurance or charge off reinsurer balances that are determined to be uncollectible. Reinsurance recoverable balances are considered past due when amounts that have been billed are not collected within contractually stipulated time periods.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Our various operating insurance and reinsurance subsidiaries have sufficient cash flow, liquidity and investments to settle outstanding reserves for losses and LAE. Additionally, the Company has entered into ADC reinsurance agreements to reinsure potential adverse loss development which resulted in reinsurance recoverables of $1,253 million as of December 31, 2025. Management believes that we, and each of our entities, have sufficient financial resources or ready access thereto, to meet all obligations.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (3)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
See Note 4 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a summary of A&E Exposures.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Common account retrocessional arrangements reduce the effect of individual or aggregate losses to all participating companies, including the ceding company, with respect to the involved treaties.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
During 2024 and 2023, we declared and paid common shareholder dividends of $334 million and $288 million, respectively. As an insurance holding company, we are partially dependent on dividends and other permitted payments from our subsidiaries to pay cash dividends to our shareholders. The payment of dividends to Group by Holdings Ireland and Everest Dublin Holdings is subject to Irish corporate and regulatory restrictions; the payment of dividends to Holdings Ireland by Holdings and to Holdings by Everest Re is subject to Delaware regulatory restrictions; and the payment of dividends to Group by Bermuda Re, Everest International, Everest Preferred International Holdings (“Preferred