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COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORP

For the period ended Mar 31, 2025. Filed May 1, 2025.

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About this filing

A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.

Mar 31, 2025 · Filed May 1, 2025

CTSH$64.72-2.7%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026

What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?

Read the current filing

Previous report: 10-Q

Period ended 2024-09-30; filed 2024-10-31.

0001058290-24-000327

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Current report: 10-Q

Period ended 2025-03-31; filed 2025-05-01.

0001058290-25-000125

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.

Compared 145 previous paragraphs and 93 current paragraphs.

45 unchanged; 38 reworded; 9 added; 42 removed; 20 previous and 1 current paragraphs rearranged.

Tables are not compared: 44 previous and 26 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.

A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.

Added paragraphs (9)

Current report

2 Adjusted Income from Operations, Adjusted Operating Margin and Adjusted Diluted EPS are not measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for more information and reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, as applicable.

Current report

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we realized a gain of $62 million on the sale of an office complex in India. For further detail see Note 1 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Current report

In the first quarter of 2025, we made certain changes to the internal measurement of segment operating profit for the purpose of evaluating segment performance and resource allocation. The primary reason for the change was to reflect a more complete cost of delivery. Specifically, segment operating profit now includes an allocation of corporate costs, which were previously included in "unallocated costs." We have reported 2025 segment operating profits using the new allocation methodology and have recast the 2024 results to conform to the new methodology.

Current report

The decrease in unallocated costs for three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to March 31, 2024 was driven by the 2025 gain on sale of property and equipment and the absence of NextGen charges, partially offset by higher amortization of intangible assets and certain corporate costs.

Current report

(1)During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we realized a gain of $62 million on the sale of an office complex in India. See Note 1 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Current report

The cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025, was driven by purchases of property and equipment, partially offset by the proceeds from the sale of an office complex in India. The cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024, was driven by payments for business combinations and purchases of property and equipment, partially offset by net maturities of investments.
Removed paragraphs (42)

Previous report

In the second quarter of 2023, we initiated the NextGen program aimed at simplifying our operating model, optimizing corporate functions and consolidating and realigning office space to reflect the post-pandemic hybrid work environment. Our drive for simplification includes operating with fewer layers in an effort to enhance agility and enable faster decision making. We expect the savings generated by the program to help fund continued investments in our people, revenue growth opportunities and the modernization of our office space.

Previous report

In connection with the NextGen program, in the third quarter of 2024 we incurred $33 million of employee separation, facility exit and other costs. Since the inception of the program, we incurred $314 million in total costs. See Note 4 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements. We currently expect to incur costs of approximately $105 million for the full year 2024, which is expected to bring the total charges under the program to approximately $335 million. The estimates of the charges and expenditures that we expect to incur in connection with the NextGen program, and the timing thereof, are subject to a number of assumptions, including local law requirements in various jurisdictions, and actual amounts may differ materially from estimates. In addition, we may incur other charges or cash expenditures not currently contemplated due to unanticipated events that may occur in connection with the NextGen program.

Previous report

We currently expect to incur total costs of approximately $335 million in connection with the NextGen program, which started in the second quarter of 2023, with approximately $105 million of such costs anticipated in 2024. See "Executive Summary". In addition to the NextGen program, potential tax law and other regulatory changes, including possible U.S. corporate income tax reform and the Code on Social Security, 2020 in India, among other items, may impact our future results. We expect that the Code on Social Security, 2020, if enacted as currently written, could result in a material one-time increase to our post-employment liability for past service and would also modestly increase our costs for employment and post-employment benefits prospectively. In addition, in March 2024, India and Mauritius signed a Protocol to amend the India-Mauritius Income Tax Treaty. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of the amendment, which, depending on its final terms when entered into force, could increase our effective income tax rate, as CTS India is a subsidiary of our wholly-owned Mauritius entity.

Previous report

2 Adjusted Operating Margin is not a measure of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for more information and reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, as applicable.

Previous report

During the quarter ended September 30, 2024, revenues increased by $147 million as compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2023, representing growth of 3.0%, or 2.7% on a constant currency basis 3. Our recently completed acquisitions contributed approximately 200 basis points to revenue growth.

Previous report

3 Adjusted Income from Operations, Adjusted Operating Margin, Adjusted Diluted EPS and constant currency revenue growth are not measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for more information and reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, as applicable.

Previous report

•Recently completed acquisitions contributed approximately 200 basis points of growth to the overall change in revenues, including approximately 750 basis points of growth to our Products and Resources segment (primarily in North America) and approximately 100 basis points of growth to our Communications, Media and Technology segment (primarily in North America);

Previous report

•Health Sciences revenues in the North America were positively impacted by the ramp up of several recently won large deals and the resale of third-party products in connection with our integrated offerings strategy;

Previous report

•Revenue growth in the Financial Services segment was positively impacted by growth among banking clients, while being negatively impacted by lower resales of third-party products in connection with our integrated offerings strategy in the current period; and

Previous report

•Communications, Media and Technology revenues, in our North America and Europe regions, were negatively impacted by weakness from technology customers.

Previous report

SG&A expenses consist primarily of salaries, incentive-based compensation, stock-based compensation expense, employee benefits, immigration, travel, marketing, communications, management, finance, administrative and occupancy costs. The increase, as a percentage of revenues, was primarily attributed to the impact of recently completed acquisitions, driven by transaction and integration-related expenses, and increased compensation costs, primarily as a result of a merit increase cycle completed in the quarter, partially offset by net savings generated from our NextGen program.

Previous report

Restructuring charges consist of costs related to the NextGen program. Restructuring charges were $33 million, or 0.7% as a percentage of revenue, for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to $72 million, or 1.5% as a percentage of revenue, for the three months ended September 30, 2023. For further detail on our restructuring charges see Note 4 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Previous report

In the third quarter of 2024, segment operating margins across all our segments were positively impacted by savings generated from our NextGen program and the beneficial impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements, partially offset by increased compensation costs, primarily as a result of a merit increase cycle. Segment operating profit in the Financial Services segment in the third quarter of 2023 was negatively impacted by resales of third-party products in connection with our integrated offerings strategy. Segment operating profit in the Health Sciences segment in the third quarter of 2024 was negatively impacted by resales of third-party products in connection with our integrated offerings strategy and by higher costs typical to the initial phases of several recently won large deals in this segment. Segment operating profit in the Products and Resources segment in the third quarter of 2024 was negatively impacted by the dilutive impact of the Belcan acquisition.

Previous report

The effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2024, reflects the benefit of the recognition of a $40 million deferred tax asset related to foreign tax credits.

Previous report

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023

Previous report

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, revenues increased by $59 million as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, representing growth of 0.4%, or 0.3% on a constant currency basis 6. Our recently completed acquisitions contributed approximately 100 basis points to revenue growth.

Previous report

6 Adjusted Income from Operations, Adjusted Operating Margin, Adjusted Diluted EPS and constant currency revenue growth are not measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for more information and reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures.

Previous report

•Reduced demand for discretionary work negatively impacted revenues across all segments. Clients in our Financial Services and Products and Resources segments were particularly affected;

Previous report

•Health Sciences revenues were negatively impacted by the renegotiation of a large contract with a payer client in 2023 in our North America region, which reduced the scope of services but improved the profitability of the contract;

Previous report

•Revenue decline in our United Kingdom region was primarily driven by weakness in the Financial Services and Communications, Media and Technology segments; and

Previous report

•Revenue decline in our Rest of World region was primarily driven by weakness in the Products and Resources and Financial Services segments.

Previous report

Restructuring charges consist of costs related to the NextGen program. Restructuring charges were $85 million, or 0.6% as a percentage of revenue, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to $189 million, or 1.3% as a percentage of revenue, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. For further detail on our restructuring charges see Note 4 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Previous report

The increase in our 2024 GAAP operating margin and Adjusted Operating Margin 8 was primarily driven by net savings generated from our NextGen program and the beneficial impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements, partially offset by increased compensation costs, primarily as a result of a merit increase cycle, and the impact of the resale of third-party products in connection with our integrated offerings strategy. In addition, our 2023 and 2024 GAAP operating margins were negatively impacted by the NextGen charges, as discussed in Note 4 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements, which were excluded from our Adjusted Operating Margin.

Previous report

Net of the impact of applicable designated cash flow hedges, the depreciation of the Indian rupee positively impacted our operating margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 by 43 basis points as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Excluding the impact of such hedges, the depreciation of the Indian rupee against the U.S. dollar positively impacted our operating margin by 22 basis points for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The settlement of our cash flow hedges had a positive impact of 6 basis points on our operating margin during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to a negative impact of 15 basis points during the 2023 period.

Previous report

Total segment operating profit and margin were as follows for the nine months ended September 30:

Previous report

Unallocated costs decreased for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, driven by lower corporate expenses as well as lower NextGen charges of $85 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to $189 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 (see Note 4 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements).

Previous report

The effective income tax rate in both periods reflects the benefits of discrete items related to U.S. state income taxes. The effective tax rate in 2024 additionally benefited from the recognition of a $40 million deferred tax asset related to foreign tax credits. The effective income tax rate in 2023 additionally benefited from the effective settlement of the IRS examination for tax years 2017 and 2018.

Previous report

In December 2021, the OECD adopted model rules for a global framework to impose a 15% global minimum tax referred to as Pillar Two with an effective date of January 1, 2024. Although management continues to monitor additional guidance from the OECD and countries’ implementation of Pillar Two, based on current guidance, there was no material impact for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and we believe that our net income, cash flows, or financial condition will not be materially impacted in the future by Pillar Two.

Showing the first 40 of 42 passages. Open the source sections for the rest.

Reworded paragraphs (38)

Previous wording

Cognizant is one of the world’s leading professional services companies, engineering modern businesses and delivering strategic outcomes for our clients. We help clients modernize technology, reimagine processes and transform experiences so they can stay ahead in a fast-changing world. We provide industry expertise and close client collaboration, combining critical perspective with a flexible engagement style. We tailor our services and solutions to specific industries with an integrated global delivery model that employs client service and delivery teams based at client locations and dedicated global and regional delivery centers. Our collaborative services include digital services and solutions, consulting, application development, systems integration, quality engineering and assurance, application maintenance, infrastructure and security as well as business process services and automation. Digital services continue to be an important part of our portfolio, aligning with our clients' focus on becoming data-enabled, customer-centric and differentiated businesses.

Current wording

Cognizant is one of the world’s leading professional services companies, engineering modern businesses and delivering strategic outcomes for our clients. We help clients modernize technology, reimagine processes and transform experiences so they can stay ahead in today's fast-changing world, where AI is beginning to reshape organizations in every field. We provide industry expertise and close client collaboration, combining critical perspective with a flexible engagement style. We tailor our services and solutions to specific industries with an integrated global delivery model that employs client service and delivery teams based at client locations and dedicated global and regional delivery centers. Our collaborative services include digital services and solutions, consulting, application development, systems integration, quality engineering and assurance, engineering research and development, application maintenance, infrastructure and security as well as business process services and automation. Digital, AI-enhanced services continue to be an important part of our portfolio, aligning with our clients' focus on becoming data-enabled, customer-centric and differentiated businesses.

Previous wording

During the quarter ended September 30, 2024, revenues increased by $147 million as compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2023, representing growth of 3.0%, or 2.7% on a constant currency 1 basis. Our recently completed acquisitions contributed approximately 200 basis points to revenue growth. Additionally, revenues were positively impacted by growth in

Current wording

During the quarter ended March 31, 2025, revenues increased by $355 million as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2024, representing growth of 7.5%, or 8.2% on a constant currency 1 basis. Our recently completed acquisitions contributed approximately 400 basis points to revenue growth. Additionally, revenues were positively impacted by growth in our Health Sciences and Financial Services segment, partially offset by weakness in our Products and Resources (excluding the impact of our recently completed acquisitions) and Communications, Media and Technology segments.

Previous wording

Our operating margin increased to 14.6% for the quarter ended September 30, 2024, from 14.0% for the quarter ended September 30, 2023. Our Adjusted Operating Margin 2 decreased to 15.3% for the quarter ended September 30, 2024, from 15.5% for the quarter ended September 30, 2023. Our GAAP and Adjusted Operating Margins for the quarter ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2023 were positively impacted by net savings generated from our NextGen program and the beneficial impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements, while being negatively impacted by increased compensation costs, primarily as a result of a merit increase cycle completed during the quarter, and the dilutive impact of recently completed acquisitions, primarily driven by transaction and integration related expenses and amortization of acquired intangibles. In addition, our GAAP operating margins for the quarters ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, were negatively impacted by the NextGen charges, as discussed in Note 4 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements, which were excluded from our Adjusted Operating Margin.

Current wording

Our operating margin increased to 16.7% for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 from 14.6% for the quarter ended March 31, 2024. Our Adjusted Operating Margin 1 increased to 15.5% for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 from 15.1% for the quarter ended March 31, 2024. Our GAAP and Adjusted Operating Margins for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2024, were positively impacted by net savings generated from our NextGen program, operational efficiencies and the beneficial impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements, partially offset by the negative impact of the 2024 merit cycle on compensation costs, and the dilutive impact of the recently completed acquisition of Belcan. In addition, our GAAP operating margin for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 was positively impacted by 120 basis points, or $62 million, from the gain on sale of property and equipment, and our GAAP operating margin for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 was negatively impacted by NextGen charges, both of which were excluded from our Adjusted Operating Margin.

Previous wording

As a global professional services company, we compete on the basis of the knowledge, experience, insights, skills and talent of our employees and the value they can provide to our clients. We closely monitor attrition trends focusing on the metric that we believe is most relevant to our business. This metric, which we refer to as Voluntary Attrition - Tech Services, includes all voluntary separations with the exception of employees in our Intuitive Operations and Automation practice. For the trailing twelve months ended September 30, 2024 our Voluntary Attrition - Tech Services was 14.6% as compared to 16.2% for the trailing twelve months ended September 30, 2023. We finished the third quarter of 2024 with approximately 340,100 employees, inclusive of Belcan employees, as compared to 346,600 employees at the end of the third quarter of 2023.

Current wording

As a global professional services company, we compete on the basis of the knowledge, experience, insights, skills and talent of our employees and the value they can provide to our clients. We closely monitor attrition trends focusing on the metric that we believe is most relevant to our business. For the trailing twelve months ended March 31, 2025 our Voluntary Attrition - Tech Services was 15.8% as compared to 13.1% for the trailing twelve months ended March 31, 2024. We finished the first quarter of 2025 with approximately 336,300 employees as compared to 344,400 employees at the end of the first quarter of 2024.

Previous wording

We continue to expect the long-term focus of our clients to be on their digital transformation into AI-ready, software-driven, data-enabled, customer-centric and differentiated businesses. We believe clients will continue to contend with industry-specific changes driven by evolving digital technologies, uncertainty in the regulatory environment, industry consolidation and convergence as well as international trade policies and other macroeconomic and geopolitical factors, including the uncertainty related to the global economy, which has affected and may continue to affect their demand for our services.

Current wording

We continue to expect our clients' focus to be on their transformation into AI-ready, technology-driven, data-enabled, customer-centric and differentiated businesses. To support this transformation and drive greater business resiliency, we expect clients will continue todemand services and solutions that can enhance productivity and deliver cost savings. We believe clients will continue to contend with industry-specific changes driven by evolving digital technologies, uncertainty in the regulatory environment, industry consolidation and convergence as well as international trade policies, including tariffs, and other macroeconomic and geopolitical factors. This includes the uncertainty related to the global economy, which has affected and may continue to affect their demand for our services and discretionary work.

Previous wording

We increasingly use AI-based technologies, including GenAI, in our client offerings and our own internal operations. AI technologies and services are part of a highly competitive and rapidly evolving market. We plan to make significant investments in our AI capabilities to meet the needs of our clients and harness its value in a flexible, secure, scalable and responsible way. As AI-based technologies evolve, we expect that some services that we currently perform for our clients will be replaced by AI or other forms of automation. This may lead to reduced demand for certain services or harm our ability to obtain favorable pricing or other terms for our services.

Current wording

We increasingly use AI-based technologies, including GenAI, in our client offerings and our own internal operations. AI technologies and services are part of a highly competitive and rapidly evolving market. We plan to continue to make significant investments in our AI capabilities to meet the needs of our clients and harness AI's value in a flexible, secure, scalable and responsible way. As AI-based technologies or other forms of automation evolve, demand for some services that we currently perform for our clients may be reduced, and our ability to obtain favorable pricing or other terms for some of our services may be diminished.

Previous wording

During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we completed the acquisition of Belcan. See Note 3 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements. This acquisition is expected to have a modest near-term dilutive impact to operating margin, primarily due to transaction and integration-related expenses and amortization of acquired intangibles.

Current wording

During the third quarter of 2024, we completed the acquisition of Belcan. This acquisition is expected to have a modest near-term dilutive impact to operating margin, primarily due to integration-related expenses and amortization of acquired intangibles.

Previous wording

Revenues of $5,044 million across our business segments and geographies were as follows for the three months ended September 30, 2024:

Current wording

Revenues of $5,115 million across our business segments and geographies were as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2025:

Previous wording

•North America revenues in the Communications, Media and Technology and Health Sciences segments were positively impacted by the ramp up of several recently won large deals;

Current wording

• North America revenues, particularly in the Health Sciences and Financial Services segment, were positively impacted by the ramp up of several recently won large deals;

Previous wording

•Recently completed acquisitions contributed approximately 100 basis points to the overall revenue growth, including approximately 300 basis points of growth to our Products and Resources segment (primarily in North America) and approximately 150 basis points of growth to our Communications, Media and Technology segment (primarily in North America and Continental Europe);

Current wording

• Recently completed acquisitions contributed 400 basis points of growth to the overall revenue growth, including approximately 1,500 basis points of growth to our Products and Resources segment (primarily in North America);

Previous wording

•The resale of third-party products, primarily in the Health Sciences segment in North America, in connection with our integrated offerings strategy, contributed approximately 100 basis points of growth to the overall change in revenue;

Current wording

• The resale of third-party products, primarily in North America in our Health Sciences and Financial Services segments, in connection with our integrated offerings strategy, contributed 130 basis points of growth to the overall revenue growth;

Previous wording

•Reduced demand for discretionary work negatively impacted revenues across all segments. Clients in our Communications, Media and Technology, Products and Resources and Financial Services segments were particularly affected;

Current wording

• Reduced demand for discretionary work negatively impacted our revenues, in particular for clients in our Products and Resources segment and our Communications, Media and Technology segments.

Previous wording

4 Constant currency revenue growth is not a measure of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for more information and reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, as applicable.

Current wording

3 Constant currency revenue growth is not a measure of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for more information and reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, as applicable.

Previous wording

Our cost of revenues consists primarily of salaries, incentive-based compensation, stock-based compensation expense, employee benefits, project-related immigration and travel for technical personnel, subcontracting and costs of third-party products and services relating to revenues. The increase, as a percentage of revenues, was primarily driven by increased compensation costs, primarily as a result of a merit increase cycle completed in the quarter, partially offset by foreign currency exchange rate movements.

Current wording

Our cost of revenues consists primarily of salaries, incentive-based compensation, stock-based compensation expense, employee benefits, project-related immigration and travel for technical personnel, subcontracting and costs of third-party products and services relating to revenues. The increase, as a percentage of revenues, was driven by the negative impact of the 2024 merit cycle on compensation costs, partially offset by operational efficiencies and the beneficial impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements.

Previous wording

SG&A expenses consist primarily of salaries, incentive-based compensation, stock-based compensation expense, employee benefits, immigration, travel, marketing, communications, management, finance, administrative and occupancy costs. The decrease, as a percentage of revenues, was primarily driven by the net savings generated from our NextGen program, partially offset by the impact of recently completed acquisitions, primarily driven by transaction and integration related expenses.

Current wording

SG&A expenses consist primarily of salaries, incentive-based compensation, stock-based compensation expense, employee benefits, immigration, travel, marketing, communications, management, finance, administrative and occupancy costs. The decrease, as a percentage of revenues, was primarily driven by net savings generated from our NextGen program.

Previous wording

Depreciation and amortization expense, as well as depreciation and amortization expense as a percentage of revenues, remained flat during the third quarter of 2024 as compared to the third quarter of 2023. The decline of depreciation expense, which was driven by actions taken under our NextGen program, was offset by an increase in amortization expense driven by intangible assets related to our recently completed acquisitions.

Current wording

Depreciation and amortization expense increased by 3.8% while decreasing as a percentage of revenues by 0.1% during the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the first quarter of 2024. The decrease in depreciation expense, which was driven by actions taken under our NextGen program, was offset by an increase in amortization expense driven by intangible assets related to our recently completed acquisition of Belcan.

Previous wording

Our GAAP and Adjusted Operating Margins 5 for the quarter ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2023 were positively impacted by net savings generated from our NextGen program and the beneficial impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements, while being negatively impacted by increased compensation costs, primarily as a result of a merit increase cycle completed in the quarter, and the dilutive impact of recently completed acquisitions, primarily driven by transaction and integration-related expenses and amortization of acquired intangibles. In addition, our GAAP operating margins for the quarters ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, were negatively impacted by the NextGen charges, as discussed in Note 4 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements, which were excluded from our Adjusted Operating Margin.

Current wording

Our GAAP and Adjusted Operating Margins 4 for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2024, were positively impacted by net savings generated from our NextGen program, operational efficiencies and the beneficial impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements, partially offset by the negative impact of the 2024 merit cycle on compensation costs and the dilutive impact of the recently completed acquisition of Belcan. In addition, our GAAP operating margin for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 was positively impacted by 120 basis points, or $62 million, from the gain on sale of property and equipment, and our GAAP operating margin for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 was negatively impacted by NextGen charges, both of which were excluded from our Adjusted Operating Margin.

Previous wording

5 Adjusted Income from Operations and Adjusted Operating Margin are not measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for more information and reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, as applicable.

Current wording

4 Adjusted Income from Operations and Adjusted Operating Margin are not measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for more information and reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, as applicable.

Previous wording

A predominant portion of our costs in India are denominated in the Indian rupee, representing approximately 24% of our global operating costs duringthe three months ended September 30, 2024. These costs are subject to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, which have an impact on our results of operations. We enter into foreign exchange derivative contracts to hedge certain Indian rupee denominated payments in India. These hedges are intended to mitigate the volatility of the changes in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Indian rupee. Net of the impact of the hedges, the depreciation of the Indian rupee positively impacted our operating margin for the three months ended September 30, 2024 by 45 basis points as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023.

Current wording

A predominant portion of our costs in India are denominated in the Indian rupee, representing approximately 23% of our global operating costs during the three months ended March 31, 2025. These costs are subject to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, which have an impact on our results of operations. We enter into foreign exchange derivative contracts to hedge certain Indian rupee denominated payments in India. These hedges are intended to mitigate the volatility of the changes in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Indian rupee. Net of the impact of the hedges, the depreciation of the Indian rupee positively impacted our operating margin for the three months ended March 31, 2025 by 58 basis points as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Previous wording

Excluding the impact of applicable designated cash flow hedges, the depreciation of the Indian rupee against the U.S. dollar positively impacted our operating margin by 25 basis points during the three months ended September 30, 2024. Each additional 1.0% change in exchange rate between the Indian rupee and the U.S. dollar will have the effect of moving our operating margin by 18 basis points (excluding the impact of the hedges). The settlement of our cash flow hedges had a positive impact of 10 basis points on our operating margin during the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to a negative impact of 10 basis points during the three months ended September 30, 2023.

Current wording

Excluding the impact of applicable designated cash flow hedges, the depreciation of the Indian rupee against the U.S. dollar positively impacted our operating margin by 74 basis points during the three months ended March 31, 2025. Each additional 1.0% change in exchange rate between the Indian rupee and the U.S. dollar will have the effect of moving our operating margin by 17 basis points (excluding the impact of the hedges). The settlement of our cash flow hedges had a negative impact of 16 basis points on our operating margin during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to no impact during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Previous wording

In 2024, segment operating margins across all our segments were positively impacted by savings generated from our NextGen program and the beneficial impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements, partially offset by increased compensation costs. Segment operating profit in the Health Sciences and Communications, Media and Technology segments was negatively impacted by resales of third-party products in connection with our integrated offerings strategy and higher costs typical to the initial phases of several recently won large deals in these segments.

Current wording

In the first quarter of 2025, segment operating margins across all our segments were positively impacted by net savings generated from our NextGen program, operational efficiencies and the beneficial impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements, partially offset by the negative impact of the 2024 merit cycle on compensation costs. In the first quarter of 2025, segment operating profit in the Products and Resources segment was also negatively impacted by the dilutive impact of the Belcan acquisition.

Previous wording

The foreign currency exchange gains and losses were attributed to the remeasurement of net monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currencies of our subsidiaries. The gains and losses on foreign exchange forward contracts not designated as hedging instruments related to the realized and unrealized gains and losses on cont racts entered into to offset our foreign currency exposures. Interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased by $1 million as compared to the same period in 2023. While our invested balances decreased during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, primarily due to the required payment related to the ITD dispute in January 2024 (see Note 8 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements), we benefited from higher interest rates compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Current wording

The foreign currency exchange losses were attributed to the remeasurement of net monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currencies of our subsidiaries. The gains on foreign exchange forward contracts not designated as hedging instruments related to the realized and unrealized gains and losses on cont racts entered into to offset our foreign currency exposures. As of March 31, 2025, the notional value of our undesignated hedges was$801 million.

Previous wording

The increase in net income was primarily driven by an increase in income from operations and a lower effective tax rate.

Current wording

The increase in provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was primarily driven by an increase in income from operations, partially offset by a decrease in the effective income tax rate.

Previous wording

The increase in net income was driven by an increase in income from operations.

Current wording

The increase in net income was primarily driven by an increase in income from operations, including the aforementioned gain on sale of property and equipment.

Previous wording

Our non-GAAP financial measures Adjusted Operating Margin and Adjusted Income from Operations exclude unusual items, such as NextGen charges. Our non-GAAP financial measure Adjusted Diluted EPS excludes unusual items, such as NextGen charges, and net non-operating foreign currency exchange gains or losses and the tax impact of all the applicable adjustments. For further detail on the NextGen charges, see Note 4 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements. The income tax impact of each item excluded from Adjusted Diluted EPS is calculated by applying the statutory rate and local tax regulations in the jurisdiction in which the item was incurred. Constant currency revenue growth is defined as revenues for a given period restated at the comparative period’s foreign currency exchange rates measured against the comparative period's reported revenues.

Current wording

Our non-GAAP financial measures Adjusted Operating Margin and Adjusted Income from Operations exclude unusual items, such as the gain on sale of property and equipment and NextGen charges. Our non-GAAP financial measure Adjusted Diluted EPS excludes unusual items, such as the gain on sale of property and equipment and NextGen charges, and net non-operating foreign currency exchange gains or losses and the tax impact of all the applicable adjustments. For further detail on the gain on sale of property and equipment and the NextGen charges, see Note 1 and Note 3, respectively, to our unaudited consolidated financial statements. The income tax impact of each item excluded from Adjusted Diluted EPS is calculated by applying the statutory rate and local tax regulations in the jurisdiction in which the item was incurred. Constant currency revenue growth is defined as revenues for a given period restated at the comparative period’s foreign currency exchange rates measured against the comparative period's reported revenues.

Previous wording

We believe providing investors with an operating view consistent with how we manage the Company provides enhanced transparency into our operating results. For internal management reporting and budgeting purposes, we use various GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures for financial and operational decision-making, to evaluate period-to-period comparisons, to determine portions of the compensation for executive officers and for making comparisons of our operating results to those of our competitors. We believe that the presentation of non-GAAP financial measures, which exclude certain costs, read in conjunction with our reported GAAP results and reconciliations to the most comparable GAAP measure, as applicable, can provide useful supplemental information to our management and investors regarding financial and business trends relating to our financial condition and results of operations.

Current wording

determine portions of the compensation for executive officers and for making comparisons of our operating results to those of our competitors. We believe that the presentation of non-GAAP financial measures, which exclude certain costs, read in conjunction with our reported GAAP results and reconciliations to the most comparable GAAP measure, as applicable, can provide useful supplemental information to our management and investors regarding financial and business trends relating to our financial condition and results of operations.

Previous wording

(1)Consists of employee separation, facility exit and other costs incurred in connection with the NextGen program. See Note 4 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Current wording

(2)Consists of employee separation, facility exit and other costs incurred in connection with the NextGen program. See Note 3 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Previous wording

(2)Non-operating foreign currency exchange gains and losses, inclusive of gains and losses on related foreign exchange forward contracts not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes, are reported in "Foreign currency exchange gains (losses), net" in our unaudited consolidated statements of operations.

Current wording

(3)Non-operating foreign currency exchange gains and losses, inclusive of gains and losses on related foreign exchange forward contracts not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes, are reported in "Foreign currency exchange gains (losses), net" in our unaudited consolidated statements of operations.

Previous wording

(3)Presented below are the tax impacts of our non-GAAP adjustments to pre-tax income:

Current wording

(4)Presented below are the tax impacts of our non-GAAP adjustments to pre-tax income:

Previous wording

Our cash generated from operations has historically been the primary source of liquidity to fund operations and investments to grow our business. As of September 30, 2024, we had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $2,025 million. During the third quarter of 2024, we borrowed $600 million under our revolving credit facility, to partially fund the acquisition of Belcan, bringing the available capacity under our credit facility to approximately $1.3 billion.

Current wording

Our cash generated from operations has historically been the primary source of liquidity to fund operations and investments to grow our business. As of March 31, 2025, we had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $1,992 million and available capacity under our credit facility of $1.85 billion.

Previous wording

The following table provides a summary of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30:

Current wording

The following table provides a summary of cash flows for the three months ended March 31:

Previous wording

The decrease in cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, was primarily driven by the $360 million payment made in relation to our dispute with the ITD in January 2024 (see Note 8 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements).

Current wording

The increase in cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, was primarily driven by the $360 million payment made in January 2024 in relation to our dispute with the ITD (see Note 6 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements), which reduced cash from operating activities in 2024.

Previous wording

We monitor turnover, aging and the collection of accounts receivable by client. Our DSO calculation includes receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts, and contract assets, reduced by the uncollected portion of deferred revenue. Our DSO was 81 days as of September 30, 2024, an increase of 4 days from 77 days as of December 31, 2023. Our DSO was 77 days as of September 30, 2023, an increase of 3 days from 74 days as of December 31, 2022.

Current wording

We monitor turnover, aging and the collection of accounts receivable by client. Our DSO calculation includes receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts, and contract assets, reduced by the uncollected portion of deferred revenue. Our DSO was 81 days as of March 31, 2025, an increase of 3 days from 78 days as of December 31, 2024. Our DSO was 78 days as of March 31, 2024, an increase of 1 day from 77 days as of December 31, 2023.

Previous wording

The decrease in cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, was primarily driven by our borrowing under the revolving credit facility to finance the Belcan acquisition in the third quarter of 2024 and lower repurchases of common stock.

Current wording

The increase in cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, was primarily driven by our repayment of the outstanding balance under the revolving credit facility and increased repurchases of common stock during the first quarter of 2025.

Previous wording

We have a Credit Agreement providing for a $650 million Term Loan and a $1,850 million unsecured revolving credit facility, which are each due to mature in October 2027. As of September 30, 2024, we had $600 million outstanding under the revolving credit facility, consisting of a Term Benchmark loan with a maturity of October 2027 and an Interest Period (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of one month. We are required under the Credit Agreement to make scheduled quarterly principal payments on the Term Loan. We believe that we currently meet all conditions set forth in the Credit Agreement to borrow thereunder, and we are not aware of any conditions that would prevent us from borrowing part or all of the remaining available capacity under the revolving credit facility as of September 30, 2024 and through the date of this filing. See Note 7 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Current wording

We have a Credit Agreement providing for a $650 million Term Loan and a $1,850 million unsecured revolving credit facility, which are each due to mature in October 2027. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we repaid the $300 million balance that was outstanding under the revolving credit facility, and had no outstanding balance as of March 31, 2025. We are required under the Credit Agreement to make scheduled quarterly principal payments on the Term Loan. We believe that we currently meet all conditions set forth in the Credit Agreement to borrow thereunder, and we are not aware of any conditions that would prevent us from borrowing part or all of the remaining available capacity under the revolving credit facility as of March 31, 2025 and through the date of this filing. See Note 5 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Previous wording

We seek to ensure that our worldwide cash is available in the locations in which it is needed. As part of our ongoing liquidity assessments, we regularly monitor the mix of our domestic and international cash flows and cash balances. We evaluate on an ongoing basis what portion of the non-U.S. cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments is needed locally to execute our strategic plans and what amount is available for repatriation back to the United States.

Current wording

We seek to ensure that our cash is available to us in the locations in which it is needed. As part of our ongoing liquidity assessments, we regularly monitor the mix of our domestic and international cash flows and cash balances. We evaluate on an ongoing basis what portion of the non-U.S. cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments is needed locally to execute our strategic plans and what amount is available for repatriation back to the United States.
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Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

We believe providing investors with an operating view consistent with how we manage the Company provides enhanced transparency into our operating results. For internal management reporting and budgeting purposes, we use various GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures for financial and operational decision-making, to evaluate period-to-period comparisons, to
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Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

our Health Sciences segment, partially offset by weakness in our Products and Resources (excluding the impact of our recently completed acquisitions) and Communications, Media and Technology segments.

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

The foreign currency exchange losses were attributed to the remeasurement of net monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currencies of our subsidiaries. The gains on foreign exchange forward contracts not designated as hedging instruments related to the realized and unrealized gains and losses on cont racts entered into to offset our foreign currency exposures. As of September 30, 2024, the notional value of our undesignated hedges was$1,026 million. Interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2024 decreased $1 million as compared to the same period in 2023. While our invested balances during the three months ended September 30, 2024 were lower as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023, due to the required payment related to the ITD dispute in January 2024 (see Note 8 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements) and the Belcan acquisition in August 2024, we benefited from higher interest rates compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023.

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain financial data for the nine months ended September 30:

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

(a)Exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense.

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

Revenues - Reportable Business Segments and Geographic Markets

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

Revenues of $14,654 million across our business segments and geographies were as follows for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

Change in revenues was driven by the following factors:7

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

7 Constant currency revenue growth is not a measure of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for more information and reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, as applicable.

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

Cost of Revenues (Exclusive of Depreciation and Amortization Expense)

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

Our cost of revenues consists primarily of salaries, incentive-based compensation, stock-based compensation expense, employee benefits, project-related immigration and travel for technical personnel, subcontracting and costs of third-party products and services relating to revenues. The increase, as a percentage of revenues, was due to higher compensation costs, primarily as a result of a merit increase cycle, and the impact of the resale of third-party products in connection with our integrated offerings strategy, partially offset by the beneficial impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements.

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

SG&A Expenses (Exclusive of Depreciation and Amortization Expense)

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

Depreciation and amortization expense decreased by 1.0%, and decreased by 0.1% asa percentage of revenues, during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the 2023 period. The decline of depreciation expense, which was driven by actions taken under our NextGen program, was partially offset by an increase in amortization expense driven by an increase in intangible assets related to our recently completed acquisitions.

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

8 Adjusted Income from Operations and Adjusted Operating Margin are not measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for more information and reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, as applicable.

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

Segment operating profit and operating margin percentage were as follows:

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

The following table sets forth total other income (expense), net for the nine months ended September 30:

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

The following table presents a reconciliation of each non-GAAP financial measure to the most comparable GAAP measure for the nine months ended September 30:

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

(1)Consists of employee separation, facility exit and other costs incurred in connection with the NextGen program. See Note 4 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

(2)Non-operating foreign currency exchange gains and losses, inclusive of gains and losses on related foreign exchange forward contracts not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes, are reported in "Foreign currency exchange gains (losses), net" in our unaudited consolidated statements of operations.

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

(3)Presented below are the tax impactsof each of our non-GAAP adjustments to pre-tax income:

Previous report — wording carried elsewhere

The effective tax rate related to non-operating foreign currency exchange gains and losses varies depending on the jurisdictions in which such income and expenses are generated and the statutory rates applicable in those jurisdictions. As such, the income tax effect of non-operating foreign currency exchange gains and losses shown in the above table may not appear proportionate to the net pre-tax foreign currency exchange gains and losses reported in our unaudited consolidated statements of operations.