AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
For the period ended Sep 30, 2026. Filed Oct 27, 2026.
View on SEC.govAbout this filing
A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Sep 30, 2026 · Filed Oct 27, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2026-06-30; filed 2026-07-28.
0001047127-26-000046
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2026-09-30; filed 2026-10-27.
0001047127-26-000052
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 71 previous paragraphs and 76 current paragraphs.
40 unchanged; 29 reworded; 4 added; 1 removed; 1 previous and 3 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 9 previous and 9 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (4)
Current report
Our net sales increased $3.6 million, or 0.2%, to $1,990.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026 compared to $1,987.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, primarily due to growth in the computing and automotive and industrial end markets, partially offset by a decrease in the communications end market.
Current report
The increase in net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2025 was primarily due to growth in the computing and automotive and industrial end markets, partially offset by a decrease in the communications end market. The computing and automotive and industrial end markets both grew 37% for the three months ended September 30, 2026 compared to 2025, primarily due to strength in datacenter and ADAS applications. The communications end market decreased 28% for the three months ended September 30, 2026 compared to 2025, primarily driven by timing for transfer of SiP programs from our factories in Korea to Vietnam and related preproduction activities.
Current report
Gross profit and gross margin increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2025, primarily due to higher factory utilization driven by the increase in net sales and an increase in the proportion of products sold with lower material content, partially offset by increased overhead and employee compensation costs.
Current report
Interest expense decreased for the three months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2025, primarily due to increased capitalized interest associated with construction of the Arizona Facility.
Removed paragraphs (1)
Previous report
Our net sales increased $386.6 million, or 25.6%, to $1,898.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 compared to $1,511.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025, due to growth across all end markets.
Reworded paragraphs (29)
Previous wording
We operate in a capital-intensive industry. Servicing our current and future customers requires that we incur significant operating expenses and continue to make significant capital expenditures, which are generally made in advance of expected revenues and without firm customer commitments. We fund our operations, including capital expenditures and other investments and servicing principal and interest obligations with respect to our debt, from cash flows from our operations, existing cash and cash equivalents, borrowings under available debt facilities and/or proceeds from any additional debt or equity financing. Our liquidity is affected by, among other factors, volatility in the global economy and credit markets, the performance of our business, our capital expenditures and other investment levels, other uses of our cash, including any payments of dividends and purchases of stock under any stock repurchase program, any acquisitions or investments in joint ventures and any decisions we might make to either repay debt and other long-term obligations out of our operating cash flows or refinance debt at or prior to maturity with the proceeds of debt or equity financings. As of June 30, 2026, we had cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments of $1,551.9 million and $960.3 million, respectively.
Current wording
We operate in a capital-intensive industry. Servicing our current and future customers requires that we incur significant operating expenses and continue to make significant capital expenditures, which are generally made in advance of expected revenues and without firm customer commitments. We fund our operations, including capital expenditures and other investments and servicing principal and interest obligations with respect to our debt, from cash flows from our operations, existing cash and cash equivalents, borrowings under available debt facilities and/or proceeds from any additional debt or equity financing. Our liquidity is affected by, among other factors, volatility in the global economy and credit markets, the performance of our business, our capital expenditures and other investment levels, other uses of our cash, including any payments of dividends and purchases of stock under any stock repurchase program, any acquisitions or investments in joint ventures and any decisions we might make to either repay debt and other long-term obligations out of our operating cash flows or refinance debt at or prior to maturity with the proceeds of debt or equity financings. As of September 30, 2026, we had cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments of $1,603.0 million and $773.2 million, respectively.
Previous wording
Gross margin for the three months ended June 30, 2026 increased to 16.8% compared to 12.0% for the three months ended June 30, 2025. The increase in gross margin was primarily due to higher factory utilization driven by the increase in net sales.
Current wording
Gross margin for the three months ended September 30, 2026 increased to 18.3% compared to 14.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2025. The increase in gross margin was primarily due to an increase in the proportion of products sold with lower material content.
Previous wording
Operating income margin for the three months ended June 30, 2026 increased to 10.5% compared to 6.1% for the three months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to the increase in our gross margin discussed above and a gain on disposal of fixed assets, partially offset by the net amount recognized in 2025 for a cash receipt subject to bankruptcy proceedings related to our Nanium acquisition in May 2017 (“Nanium Insolvency Receipt”).
Current wording
Operating income margin for the three months ended September 30, 2026 increased to 11.3% compared to 8.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2025, primarily due to the increase in our gross margin discussed above.
Previous wording
Our capital expenditures totaled $688.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to $226.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025. Our spending was primarily focused on investments in advanced packaging and test equipment and the Arizona Facility.
Current wording
Our capital expenditures totaled $1,236.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to $472.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. Our spending was primarily focused on investments in advanced packaging and test equipment and the Arizona Facility.
Previous wording
Net cash provided by operating activities was $381.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to $282.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025. This increase was primarily due to higher operating profits, partially offset by changes in working capital.
Current wording
Net cash provided by operating activities was $868.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to $451.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. This increase was primarily due to higher operating profits, changes in contract liabilities due to customer advance payments and changes in working capital.
Previous wording
The increase in net sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 was due to growth across all end markets. The communications end market grew 32% and 37% and the automotive and industrial end market grew 35% and 31% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to 2025, respectively, primarily due to increased supported content in premium tier smartphones and growth in ADAS and industrial applications. Additionally, the computing end market grew 23% and 21% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to 2025, respectively, primarily driven by strength in datacenter.
Current wording
The increase in net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was due to growth across all end markets. The automotive and industrial and computing end markets grew 33% and 27%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to 2025, primarily due to strong demand across advanced applications. Additionally, the communications and consumer end markets both grew 6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to 2025, primarily driven by increased supported content in premium tier smartphones during the first half of the year and strength in traditional consumer products.
Previous wording
Gross profit and gross margin increased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to higher factory utilization driven by the increase in net sales.
Current wording
Gross profit and gross margin increased for the three months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2025, primarily due to an increase in the proportion of products sold with lower material content.
Previous wording
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to thethree and six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to the Nanium Insolvency Receipt recognized in 2025 and increased employee compensation costs, partially offset by a gain on disposal of fixed assets. The amount recognized from the Nanium Insolvency Receipt for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, net of amounts remitted to the selling shareholders, was $32.4 million. The gain recognized from the disposal of fixed assets for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 was approximately $21 million.
Current wording
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2025, primarily due to the prior year net amount recognized for a cash receipt subject to bankruptcy proceedings related to our Nanium acquisition in May 2017 (“Nanium Insolvency Receipt”). The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses in 2026 compared to 2025 was also due to higher employee compensation and software maintenance costs, partially offset by a gain on disposal of fixed assets in 2026. The amount recognized from the Nanium Insolvency Receipt for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, net of amounts remitted to the selling shareholders, was $32.4 million. The gain recognized from the disposal of fixed assets for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 was approximately $21 million.
Previous wording
Research and development expenses decreased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to projects moving into production, partially offset by development projects in new advanced packaging technologies.
Current wording
Research and development expenses decreased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, primarily due to projects moving into production, partially offset by development projects in new advanced packaging technologies.
Previous wording
Interest income increased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to increases in our cash and cash equivalent and available-for-sale debt investment balances.
Current wording
Interest income increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, primarily due to increases in our cash and cash equivalent and available-for-sale debt investment balances. In addition, the increase in interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to 2025 was partially offset by lower interest rates.
Previous wording
The changes in foreign currency (gain) loss, net for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 were primarily due to the weakening of the U.S. dollar compared to the foreign currencies of our subsidiaries and the associated impact on our unhedged net monetary exposures in 2025.
Current wording
The changes in foreign currency (gain) loss, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2025 were primarily due to the weakening of the U.S. dollar compared to the foreign currencies of our subsidiaries and the associated impact on our unhedged net monetary exposures in 2025.
Previous wording
Income tax expense, which includes foreign withholding taxes, minimum taxes and certain tax credits, reflects the applicable tax rates in effect in the various countries where our income is earned and is subject to volatility depending on the relative mix of earnings in each location. Income tax expense increased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to an increase in income before income taxes. Income tax expense for the three months ended June 30, 2025 included discrete tax expense associated with the Nanium Insolvency Receipt.
Current wording
Income tax expense, which includes foreign withholding taxes, minimum taxes and certain tax credits, reflects the applicable tax rates in effect in the various countries where our income is earned and is subject to volatility depending on the relative mix of earnings in each location. Income tax expense increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, primarily due to an increase in income before income taxes.
Previous wording
During the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, our subsidiaries in Singapore and Vietnam operated under various conditional reduced tax rates. The conditional reduced tax rates granted to certain operations in Korea expired during 2025. As these conditional reduced tax rates expire, income earned in these jurisdictions will be subject to higher statutory income tax rates, which may cause our effective tax rate to increase.
Current wording
During the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, our subsidiaries in Singapore and Vietnam operated under various conditional reduced tax rates. The conditional reduced tax rates granted to certain operations in Korea expired during 2025. As these conditional reduced tax rates expire, income earned in these jurisdictions will be subject to higher statutory income tax rates, which may cause our effective tax rate to increase.
Previous wording
As of June 30, 2026, we had cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments of $2,512.2 million. Included in our cash and short-term investments balances as of June 30, 2026 is $1,269.9 million held offshore by our foreign subsidiaries. We have the ability to access cash held offshore by our foreign subsidiaries primarily through the repayment of intercompany debt obligations. If we were to distribute this offshore cash to the United States as dividends from our foreign subsidiaries, the dividends generally would not be subject to U.S. federal income tax, but the distributions may be subject to foreign withholding and state income taxes.
Current wording
As of September 30, 2026, we had cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments of $2,376.2 million. Included in our cash and short-term investments balances as of September 30, 2026 is $1,356.5 million held offshore by our foreign subsidiaries. We have the ability to access cash held offshore by our foreign subsidiaries primarily through the repayment of intercompany debt obligations. If we were to distribute this offshore cash to the United States as dividends from our foreign subsidiaries, the dividends generally would not be subject to U.S. federal income tax, but the distributions may be subject to foreign withholding and state income taxes.
Previous wording
For certain accounts receivable, we use non-recourse factoring arrangements with third party financial institutions to manage our working capital and cash flows. Under these arrangements, we sell receivables to a financial institution for cash at a discount to the face amount. Available capacity under these arrangements is dependent on the level of our trade accounts receivable eligible to be sold, the financial institutions’ willingness to purchase such receivables and the limits provided by the financial institutions. These factoring arrangements can be reduced or eliminated at any time due to market conditions and changes in the creditworthiness of customers. For the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, we sold receivables totaling $30.4 million and $25.5 million, respectively, net of discounts and fees, which were insignificant for the respective periods.
Current wording
For certain accounts receivable, we use non-recourse factoring arrangements with third-party financial institutions to manage our working capital and cash flows. Under these arrangements, we sell receivables to a financial institution for cash at a discount to the face amount. Available capacity under these arrangements is dependent on the level of our trade accounts receivable eligible to be sold, the financial institutions’ willingness to purchase such receivables and the limits provided by the financial institutions. These factoring arrangements can be reduced or eliminated at any time due to market conditions and changes in the creditworthiness of customers. For the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, we sold receivables totaling $30.4 million and $88.7 million, respectively, net of discounts and fees, which were insignificant for the respective periods.
Previous wording
The maximum amount available to draw under the 2025 Revolving Credit Facility is $1.0 billion. The 2025 Revolving Credit Facility includes an uncommitted optional accordion of up to $200.0 million, which may be incurred in the form of revolving commitment increases or term loans. As of June 30, 2026, we had availability of $1.0 billion under the 2025 Revolving Credit Facility. As of June 30, 2026, our foreign subsidiaries also had $54.7 million available to be borrowed under term loan credit facilities.
Current wording
The maximum amount available to draw under the 2025 Revolving Credit Facility is $1.0 billion. The 2025 Revolving Credit Facility includes an uncommitted optional accordion of up to $200.0 million, which may be incurred in the form of revolving commitment increases or term loans. As of September 30, 2026, we had availability of $1.0 billion under the 2025 Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2026, our foreign subsidiaries also had $62.1 million available to be borrowed under term loan credit facilities.
Previous wording
As of June 30, 2026, we had debt of $2,485.7 million, with $150.8 million payable within 12 months. As of June 30, 2026, the interest payment obligations, based on stated coupon rates for fixed rate debt and interest rates applicable at June 30, 2026 for variable rate debt, were $333.1 million during the remaining term of the debt. Interest payment obligations payable within 12 months were $63.4 million. We were in compliance with all debt covenants as of June 30, 2026, and we expect to remain in compliance with these covenants for at least the next 12 months. For additional information regarding our debt arrangements, please refer to Note 11 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part 1, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
Current wording
As of September 30, 2026, we had debt of $2,467.2 million, with $149.5 million payable within 12 months. As of September 30, 2026, the interest payment obligations, based on stated coupon rates for fixed rate debt and interest rates applicable at September 30, 2026 for variable rate debt, were $330.3 million during the remaining term of the debt. Interest payment obligations payable within 12 months were $64.3 million. We were in compliance with all debt
Previous wording
We lease certain machinery and equipment, office space and manufacturing facilities. As of June 30, 2026, our total remaining operating lease obligations and finance lease obligations were $71.6 million and $145.1 million, respectively,
Current wording
We lease certain machinery and equipment, office space and manufacturing facilities. As of September 30, 2026, our total remaining operating lease obligations and finance lease obligations were $98.5 million and $185.6 million, respectively, with $25.2 million and $52.2 million payable within 12 months, respectively. The lease obligations represent our future minimum lease payments including interest payments.
Previous wording
We had off-balance sheet purchase obligations for capital expenditures, long-term supply contracts and other contractual commitments. As of June 30, 2026, the purchase obligations were $1,465.2 million, with $1,395.1 million payable within 12 months.
Current wording
We have off-balance sheet purchase obligations for capital expenditures, long-term supply contracts and other contractual commitments. As of September 30, 2026, the purchase obligations were $2,687.6 million, with $2,635.3 million payable within 12 months.
Previous wording
We enter into customer advance payment agreements from time to time, some of which require standby letters of credit. As of June 30, 2026, we expect to receive approximately $300 million of advance payments over a two-year period, all of which will require standby letters of credit upon receipt. In July 2026, we received $100.0 million of customer advance payments and issued the related standby letters of credit. During the same month, we separately entered into an advance payment agreement with a customer pursuant to which we expect to receive approximately $1.5 billion in 2027. For additional information regarding our customer advance payments, please refer to Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
Current wording
We enter into customer advance payment agreements from time to time, some of which require standby letters of credit. As of September 30, 2026, we expect to receive approximately $1.9 billion of customer advance payments in the next 12 months, $200 million of which will require a standby letter of credit upon receipt. In October 2026, we entered into an advance payment agreement with a customer pursuant to which we expect to receive approximately $1.3 billion in 2027. For additional information regarding our customer advance payments, please refer to Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
Previous wording
During the six months ended June 30, 2026, we paid total quarterly cash dividends of $41.4 million, and we currently anticipate that we will continue to pay quarterly cash dividends in the future. However, the payment, amount and timing of future dividends remain within the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend upon our results of operations, financial condition, cash requirements, debt restrictions and other factors.
Current wording
During the nine months ended September 30, 2026, we paid total quarterly cash dividends of $62.1 million, and we currently anticipate that we will continue to pay quarterly cash dividends in the future. However, the payment, amount and timing of future dividends remain within the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend upon our results of operations, financial condition, cash requirements, debt restrictions and other factors.
Previous wording
On April 23, 2026, our Board of Directors adopted a stock repurchase program (the “Stock Repurchase Program”) authorizing the repurchase of up to $300.0 million of our common stock, exclusive of any fees, commissions or other expenses. Under the Stock Repurchase Program, the purchase of stock may be made in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. The timing, manner, price and amount of any repurchases will be determined by us at our discretion and will depend upon a variety of factors including economic and market conditions, the cash needs and investment opportunities for the business, the current market price of our stock, applicable legal requirements and other factors. At June 30, 2026, $300.0 million was available to repurchase common stock pursuant to the Stock Repurchase Program.
Current wording
On April 23, 2026, our Board of Directors adopted a stock repurchase program (the “Stock Repurchase Program”) authorizing the repurchase of up to $300.0 million of our common stock, exclusive of any fees, commissions or other expenses. Under the Stock Repurchase Program, the purchase of stock may be made in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. The timing, manner, price and amount of any repurchases will be determined by us at our discretion and will depend upon a variety of factors including economic and market conditions, the cash needs and investment opportunities for the business, the current market price of our stock, applicable legal requirements and other factors. During the nine months ended September 30, 2026, we repurchased 0.7 million shares of common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $32.3 million. At September 30, 2026, $267.7 million was available for repurchase.
Previous wording
We make significant capital expenditures in order to service the demand of our customers. During the six months ended June 30, 2026, our capital expenditures totaled $688.4 million, which are primarily focused on investments in advanced packaging and test equipment and the Arizona Facility.
Current wording
We make significant capital expenditures in order to service the demand of our customers. During the nine months ended September 30, 2026, our capital expenditures totaled $1,236.8 million, which are primarily focused on investments in advanced packaging and test equipment and the Arizona Facility.
Previous wording
We expect that our 2026 capital expenditures will be approximately $2.5 billion to $3.0 billion. The increase from 2025 is primarily due to the construction of the Arizona Facility. Ultimately, the amount of our 2026 capital expenditures will depend on several factors including, among others, the timing and implementation of any capital projects under review, including the progress of construction of the Arizona Facility, the performance of our business, economic and market conditions, the cash needs and investment opportunities for the business, the need for additional capacity to service anticipated customer demand, equipment lead times and the availability of cash flows from operations or financing. The primary sources of funds for our capital expenditures are cash flows from operations, current cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, borrowings under available credit facilities and proceeds from any additional debt or equity financings. Please refer to Note 7 and Note 11 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part 1, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for additional information on our investments and borrowings, respectively.
Current wording
We expect that our 2026 capital expenditures will be approximately $2.5 billion. The increase from 2025 is primarily due to the construction of the Arizona Facility. Ultimately, the amount of our 2026 capital expenditures will depend on several factors including, among others, the timing and implementation of any capital projects under review, including the progress of construction of the Arizona Facility, the performance of our business, economic and market conditions, the cash needs and investment opportunities for the business, the need for additional capacity to service anticipated customer demand, equipment lead times and the availability of cash flows from operations or financing. The primary sources of funds for our capital expenditures are cash flows from operations, current cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, borrowings under available credit facilities and proceeds from any additional debt or equity financings. Please refer to Note 7 and Note 11 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part 1, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for additional information on our investments and borrowings, respectively.
Previous wording
Net cash provided by (used in) operating, investing and financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, was as follows:
Current wording
Net cash provided by (used in) operating, investing and financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, was as follows:
Previous wording
Operating activities: Our cash flow provided by operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2026 increased by $99.0 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to higher operating profits, partially offset by changes in working capital.
Current wording
Operating activities: Our cash flow provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 increased by $417.2 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2025, primarily due to higher operating profits, changes in contract liabilities due to customer advance payments and changes in working capital.
Previous wording
Investing activities: Our cash flow used in investing activities for thesix months ended June 30, 2026 increased by $801.9 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to higher payments for property, plant and equipment and net payments for short-term investments in the current year. Payments for property, plant and equipment can fluctuate based on the timing of purchase, receipt and acceptance of equipment.
Current wording
Investing activities: Our cash flow used in investing activities for thenine months ended September 30, 2026 increased by $789.7 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2025, primarily due to higher payments for property, plant and equipment and net payments for short-term investments in the current year. Payments for property, plant and equipment can fluctuate based on the timing of purchase, receipt and acceptance of equipment.
Previous wording
Financing activities: The changes in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025 were primarily due to increased net debt borrowings, partially offset by payments for Capped Calls.
Current wording
Financing activities: The changes in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2025 were primarily due to increased net debt borrowings, partially offset by payments for Capped Calls and repurchase of common stock.
Previous wording
We provide the following supplemental data to assist our investors and analysts in understanding our liquidity and capital resources. We define “free cash flow” as net cash provided by operating activities less payments for property, plant and equipment, plus proceeds from the sale of, insurance recovery for and grants for property, plant and equipment, if applicable. Free cash flow is not defined by U.S. GAAP. We believe free cash flow to be relevant and useful information to our investors because it provides them with additional information in assessing our liquidity, capital resources and financial operating results. Our management uses free cash flow in evaluating our liquidity, our ability to service debt, our ability to fund capital expenditures and our ability to pay dividends and the amount of dividends to be paid. However, free cash flow has certain limitations, including that it does not represent the residual cash flow available for discretionary expenditures since other, non-discretionary expenditures, such as mandatory debt service, are not deducted from the measure. The amount of mandatory versus discretionary expenditures can vary significantly between periods. This measure should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, or superior to, other measures of liquidity or financial performance prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, such as net cash provided by operating activities. Furthermore, our definition of free cash flow may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
Current wording
We provide the following supplemental data to assist our investors and analysts in understanding our liquidity and capital resources. We define “free cash flow” as net cash provided by operating activities less payments for property, plant and equipment, plus proceeds from the sale of, insurance recovery for and grants for property, plant and equipment, if applicable. Free cash flow is not defined by U.S. GAAP. We believe free cash flow to be relevant and useful information to our investors because it provides them with additional information in assessing our liquidity, capital resources and financial operating results. Our management uses free cash flow in evaluating our liquidity, our ability to service debt, our ability to fund capital expenditures and our ability to pay dividends and the amount of dividends to be paid. However, free cash flow has certain limitations, including that it does not represent the residual cash flow available for discretionary expenditures since other, non-discretionary expenditures, such as mandatory debt service, are not
Rearranged current paragraphs (3)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased for the three months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2025, primarily due to increased employee compensation and software maintenance costs.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
-30- covenants as of September 30, 2026, and we expect to remain in compliance with these covenants for at least the next 12 months. For additional information regarding our debt arrangements, please refer to Note 11 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
-32- deducted from the measure. The amount of mandatory versus discretionary expenditures can vary significantly between periods. This measure should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, or superior to, other measures of liquidity or financial performance prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, such as net cash provided by operating activities. Furthermore, our definition of free cash flow may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (1)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
-30- with $25.3 million and $45.5 million payable within 12 months, respectively. The lease obligations represent our future minimum lease payments including interest payments.